管理最常用术语英汉对照表
管理类专业术语英汉对照
管理类专业术语英汉对照管理类专业术语英汉对照目录[隐藏]∙ 1A∙ 2B∙ 3C∙ 4D∙ 5E∙ 6F∙7G∙8H∙9 I∙10 J∙11 K∙12 L∙13 M∙14 N∙15 P∙16 Q∙17 R∙18 S∙19 T∙20 U∙21 V∙22 W∙23 Z[编辑]A∙ access discrimination 进入歧视∙ action research 动作研究∙ adjourning 解散∙ adhocracy 特别结构∙ administrative principle 管理原则∙ artifacts 人工环境∙ artificial intelligence 人工智能工巧匠∙ avoiding learning 规避性学习∙ ambidextrous approach 双管齐下策略[编辑]B∙balance sheet资产负债表∙BCG matrix波士顿咨询集团矩阵∙ bona fide occupation qualifications 善意职业资格审查∙ bounded rationality 有限理性∙ bureaucracy 官僚机构∙benchmarking标杆瞄准∙ bounded rationality perspective 有限理性方法∙ boundary-spanning roles 跨超边界作用[编辑]C∙ Computer-aided designputer-automatedmanufacturing(CAD/CAM)计算机辅助设计与计算机自动生产∙ confrontation 对话∙ consortia 企业联合∙ change agent 变革促进者∙chaos theory混沌理论∙ charismatic leaders 魅力型领导者∙ charity principle 博爱原则∙ coercive power 强制权∙ cohesiveness 凝聚力∙ collaborative management 合作型管理∙ comparable worth 可比较价值∙ competitive benchmarking 竞争性基准∙ confrontation meeting 碰头会∙ constancy of purpose 永久性目标∙contingency approach权变理论∙ corporate social performance 公司社会表现∙ corporate social responsibility 公司社会责任∙ corporate social responsiveness 公司社会反应∙ critical incident 关键事件∙current assets流动资产∙current liabilities流动负债∙ culture strength 文化强度∙ creative department 创造性部门∙ craft technology 技艺性技术∙ contextual dimension 关联性维度∙ continuous process production 连续加工生产∙ collectivity stage 集体化阶段∙ clan control 小团体控制∙ clan culture 小团体文化∙ coalition 联合团体∙ collaborative 协作网络∙ centrality 集中性∙ centraliazation 集权化∙ charismatic authority 竭尽忠诚的权力[编辑]D∙ decentralization 分权∙ democracy management 民主管理∙ departmentalization 部门化∙ differential rate system 差别报酬系统∙ dialectical inquiry methods 辩证探求法∙ division of labor 劳动分工∙ downward mobility 降职流动∙ dynamic engagement 动态融合∙ dynamic network 动态网络∙ domain 领域∙ direct interlock 直接交叉∙ divisional form 事业部模式∙differentiation strategy差别化战略∙ decision premise 决策前提∙dual-core approach二元核心模式[编辑]E∙ electronic data-processing(EDP) 电子数据处理∙ employee-oriented style 员工导向型风格∙ empowerment 授权∙ encoding 解码∙ end-user computing 终端用户计算系统∙ entrepreneurship 企业家精神∙ equity 净资产∙equity theory公平理论∙ espoused value 信仰价值∙ ethnocentric manager 种族主义的管理者∙expectancy theory期望理论∙ expense budget 支出预算∙ expense center 费用中心∙external audit外部审计∙ external stakeholders 外部利益相关者∙ extrinsic rewards 外部奖励∙ ethic ombudsperson 伦理巡视官∙ external adaption 外部适应性∙ elaboration stage 精细阶段∙ entrepreneurial stage 创业阶段∙ escalating commitment 顽固认同[编辑]F∙ family group 家庭集团∙financial statement财务报表∙ flat hierarchies 扁平型结构∙flexible budget弹性预算∙ force-field theory 场力理论∙ formal authority 合法权力∙ formal systematic appraisal 正式的系统评估∙ franchise 特许经营权∙ formalization stage 规范化阶段∙ functional grouping 职能组合∙ formal channel of communication 正式沟通渠道[编辑]G∙game theory博弈论∙ general financial condition 一般财务状况∙ geocentric manager 全球化管理者∙ general manager 总经理∙globalization] 全球化∙ gossip chain 传言链∙ grapevine 传言网∙ global strategic partnership 全球战略伙伴关系∙ general environment 一般环境∙ generalist 全面战略∙ geographic grouping 区域组合∙ global company 全球公司∙ global geographic structure 全球区域结构[编辑]H∙Hawthorne effect霍桑效应∙ heuristic principles 启发性原理∙ hierarchy 科层制度∙ hiring specification 招聘细则∙ horizontal linkage model 横向联系模型∙ hybrid structure 混合结构∙ high tech 高接触∙ high-velocity environments 高倍速环境[编辑]I∙ impoverished management 放任式管理∙income statement损益表∙ information transformation 信息转换∙infrastructure基础设施∙ integrative process 整合过程∙ intelligent enterprises 智力企业∙ internal audit 内部审计∙ internal stakeholder 内部相关者∙ internship 实习∙ intrapreneurship 内部企业家精神∙ intrinsic reward 内在报酬∙ inventory 库存, 存货∙ internal integration 内部整合∙ interorganization relationship 组织间的关系∙ intergroup conflict 团体间冲突∙ interlocking directorate 交叉董事会∙ institutional perspective 机构的观点∙ intuitive decision making 直觉决策∙ idea champion 构思倡导者∙ incremental change 渐进式变革∙ informal organizational structure 非正式组织结构∙ informal performance appraisal 非正式业绩评价[编辑]J∙ job description 职务描述∙ job design 职务设计∙ job enlargement 职务扩大化∙ job enrichment 职务丰富化∙ job rotation 职务轮换∙ job specialization 职务专业化[编辑]K∙ key performance areas 关键业务区∙ key result areas 关键绩效区[编辑]L∙ labor productivity index 劳动生产力指数∙ laissez management 自由化管理∙ large batch production大批量生产∙lateral communication横向沟通∙ leadership style 领导风格∙ least preferred co-worker(LPC) 最不喜欢的同事∙ legitimate power 合法权力∙ liability 负债∙ liaison 联络者∙ line authority 直线职权∙ liquidity 流动性∙ liaison role 联络员角色∙ long-linked technology 纵向关联技术∙ losses from conflict 冲突带来的损失∙ low-cost leadership 低成本领先[编辑]M∙management by objective目标管理∙ Managerial Grid 管理方格∙ matrix bosses 矩阵主管∙ management champion 管理倡导者∙materials-requirements planning(MRP) 物料需求计划∙Mslow's hierarchy of needs马斯洛需求层次论∙ marketing argument 管理文化多元化营销观∙ multiculturalism 文化多元主义∙ multidivisional firm 多部门公司∙ moral rules 道德准则∙management by walking around(MBWA) 走动式管理∙ matrix structure 矩阵结构∙multinational enterprise(MNE) 跨国公司∙ moral relativism 道德相对主义∙ mechanistic system 机械式组织∙ middle-of-the-road management 中庸式管理∙ meso theory 常态理论∙ multidomestic strategy 多国化战略∙ mediating technology 调停技术[编辑]N∙ na?ve relativism 朴素相对主义∙ need-achievement 成就需要∙ norming 规范化∙ norms 规范∙nonprogrammed decisions非程序化决策∙ nonsubstitutability 非替代性∙ nonroutine technology 非例行技术∙ niche 领地∙ off-the-job training 脱产培训∙ on-the-job training 在职培训∙operational budget运营预算∙ order backlog 订单储备∙ organic system 有机系统∙ organizational development(OD) 组织发展∙ orientation 定位∙ outcome interdependence 结果的相互依赖性∙ outplacement services 外延服务∙ organization ecosystem 组织生态系统[编辑]P∙ paradox of authority 权威的矛盾∙ paradox of creativity 创造力的矛盾∙ paradox of disclosure 开放的矛盾∙ paradox of identify 身份的矛盾∙ paradox of individuality 个性的矛盾∙ paradox of regression 回归的矛盾∙ partial productivity 部分生产率∙ participative management 参与式管理∙path-goal model路径目标模型∙ peer recruiter 同级招聘∙ political action committees(PACs) 政治活动委员会∙ polycentric manager 多中心管理者∙ portfolio framework 业务组合框架∙ portfolio investment 资产组合投资∙ positive reinforcement 正强化∙ production flexibility 生产柔性∙profitability收益率∙programmed decisions程序化决策∙ psychoanalytic view 精神分析法∙ paradigm 范式∙ personal ratios 人员比例∙ pooled dependence 集合性依存∙ professional bureaucracy 专业官僚机构∙ problem identification 问题识别∙ problemistic search 问题搜寻∙population ecology model种群生态模型[编辑]Q∙ quality 质量∙quality circle质量圈∙ question mark 问题类市场∙ quid pro quo 交换物[编辑]R∙ rational model of decision making 理性决策模式∙realistic job preview(RJP) 实际工作预览∙ reciprocal interdependence 相互依存性∙ resource dependence 资源依赖理论∙ routine technology 例行技术∙ retention 保留∙ rational approach 理性方法∙ rational model 理性模型∙ rational-legal authority 理性—合法权威[编辑]S∙ semivariable cost 准可变成本∙ sense of potency 力量感∙sensitivity training敏感性训练∙ sexual harassment 性骚扰∙ short-run capacity changes 短期生产能力变化∙ single-strand chain 单向传言链∙ situational approach 情境方法∙ situational force 情境力量∙situational leadership theory情境领导理论∙ sliding-scale budget 移动规模预算∙ small-batch production 小规模生产∙ sociotechnical approaches 社会科技方法∙ span of management 管理幅度∙ staff authority 参谋职权∙ standing plan 长设计划∙ step budget 分步预算∙ stewardship principle 管家原则∙ stimulus 刺激∙ storming 调整阶段∙strategic management战略管理∙ strategic partnering 战略伙伴关系∙strategy formulation战略制定∙strategy implementation战略实施∙strategic control战略控制∙ strategic contingencies 战略权变∙ satisficing 满意度∙ subsystems 子系统∙ subunits 子单位∙ synergy 协同∙ system boundary 系统边界∙ structure dimension 结构性维度∙ sequential interdependence 序列性依存∙self-directed team自我管理型团队∙ specialist 专门战略∙ strategy and structure changes 战略与结构变革∙ symptoms of structural deficiency 结构无效的特征[编辑]T∙ tall hierarchies 高长型科层结构∙ task force or project team 任务小组或项目团队∙ task independence 任务的内部依赖性∙ task management 任务型管理∙ task-oriented style 任务导向型管理风格∙ total productivity 全部生产率∙Total Quality Management全面质量管理∙ training positions 挂职培训∙ training program 培训程序∙ transactional leaders 交易型领导∙transformational leaders变革型领导∙ treatment discrimination 歧视待遇∙two-factory theory双因素理论∙ two-boss employees 双重主管员工∙ technical or product champion 技术或产品的倡导者[编辑]U∙ unfreezing 解冻∙ unit production 单位产品[编辑]V∙ variation 变种子∙ variety 变量∙ valence 效价∙ variable costs 可变成本∙vertical communication纵向沟通∙vertical integration纵向一体化∙ vestibule training 仿真培训∙ volume flexibility 产量的可伸缩性∙ vertical linkage 纵向连接∙ venture team 风险团队∙ value based leadership 基于价值的领导[编辑]W∙ win-lose situation 输赢情境∙ win-win situation 双赢情境∙ workforce literacy 员工的读写能力∙work in progress在制品∙ work flow redesign 工作流程再造成∙ work flow automation 工作流程自动化∙ whistle blowing 揭发[编辑]Z∙ zero-sum 零---和∙ zone of indifference(area of acceptance) 无差异区域(可接受区域)如果您认为本条目还有待完善，需要补充新内容或修改错误内容，请编辑条目。
企业管理专用术语(英汉对照)
1. 人力资源管理：(Human Resource Management ，HRM)2. 人力资源经理：( human resource manager)3. 高级管理人员：(executive)4. 职业：(profession)5. 道德标准：(ethics)6. 操作工：(operative employees)7. 专家：(specialist)8. 人力资源认证协会：(the Human Resource Certification Institute，HRCI)9. 外部环境：(external environment)10. 内部环境：(internal environment)11. 政策：(policy)12. 企业文化：(corporate culture)13. 目标：(mission)14. 股东：(shareholders)15. 非正式组织：(informal organization)16. 跨国公司：(multinational corporation，MNC)17. 管理多样性：(managing diversity)18. 工作：(job)19. 职位：(posting)20. 工作分析：(job analysis)21. 工作说明：(job description)22. 工作规范：(job specification)23. 工作分析计划表：(job analysis schedule，JAS)24. 职位分析问卷调查法：(Management Position Description Questionnaire，MPDQ)25. 行政秘书：(executive secretary)26. 地区服务经理助理：(assistant district service manager)27. 人力资源计划：(Human Resource Planning，HRP)28. 战略规划：(strategic planning)29. 长期趋势：(long term trend)30. 要求预测：(requirement forecast)31. 供给预测：(availability forecast)32. 管理人力储备：(management inventory)33. 裁减：(downsizing)34. 人力资源信息系统：(Human Resource Information System，HRIS)35. 招聘：(recruitment)36. 员工申请表：(employee requisition)37. 招聘方法：(recruitment methods)38. 内部提升：(Promotion From Within ，PFW)39. 工作公告：(job posting)40. 广告：(advertising)41. 职业介绍所：(employment agency)42. 特殊事件：(special events)43. 实习：(internship)44. 选择：(selection)45. 选择率：(selection rate)46. 简历：(resume)47. 标准化：(standardization)48. 有效性：(validity)49. 客观性：(objectivity)50. 规范：(norm)51. 录用分数线：(cutoff score)52. 准确度：(aiming)53. 业务知识测试：(job knowledge tests)54. 求职面试：(employment interview)55. 非结构化面试：(unstructured interview)56. 结构化面试：(structured interview)57. 小组面试：(group interview)58. 职业兴趣测试：(vocational interest tests)59. 会议型面试：(board interview)60. 组织变化与人力资源开发61. 人力资源开发：(Human Resource Development，HRD)62. 培训：(training)63. 开发：(development)64. 定位：(orientation)65. 训练：(coaching)66. 辅导：(mentoring)67. 经营管理策略：(business games)68. 案例研究：(case study)69. 会议方法：(conference method)70. 角色扮演：(role playing)71. 工作轮换：(job rotating)72. 在职培训：(on-the-job training ，OJT)73. 媒介：(media)74. 企业文化与组织发展75. 企业文化：(corporate culture)76. 组织发展：(organization development，OD)77. 调查反馈：(survey feedback)78. 质量圈：(quality circles)79. 目标管理：(management by objective，MBO)80. 全面质量管理：(Total Quality Management，TQM)81. 团队建设：(team building)82. 职业计划与发展83. 职业：(career)84. 职业计划：(career planning)85. 职业道路：(career path)86. 职业发展：(career development)87. 自我评价：(self-assessment)88. 职业动机：(career anchors)89. 绩效评价90. 绩效评价：(Performance Appraisal，PA)91. 小组评价：(group appraisal)92. 业绩评定表：(rating scales method)93. 关键事件法：(critical incident method)94. 排列法：(ranking method)95. 平行比较法：(paired comparison)96. 硬性分布法：(forced distribution method)97. 晕圈错误：(halo error)98. 宽松：(leniency)99. 严格：(strictness)100. 360°反馈：(360-degree feedback)101. 叙述法：(essay method)102. 集中趋势：(central tendency)103. 报酬与福利104. 报酬：(compensation)105. 直接经济报酬：(direct financial compensation)106. 间接经济报酬：(indirect financial compensation)107. 非经济报酬：(no financial compensation)108. 公平：(equity)109. 外部公平：(external equity)110. 内部公平：(internal equity)111. 员工公平：(employee equity)112. 小组公平：(team equity)113. 工资水平领先者：(pay leaders)114. 现行工资率：(going rate)115. 工资水平居后者：(pay followers)116. 劳动力市场：(labor market)117. 工作评价：(job evaluation)118. 排列法：(ranking method)119. 分类法：(classification method)120. 因素比较法：(factor comparison method)121. 评分法：(point method)122. 海氏指示图表个人能力分析法：(Hay Guide Chart-profile Method) 123. 工作定价：(job pricing)124. 工资等级：(pay grade)125. 工资曲线：(wage curve)126. 工资幅度：(pay range)127. 12. 福利和其它报酬问题128. 福利(间接经济补偿)129. 员工股权计划：(employee stock ownership plan，ESOP) 130. 值班津贴：(shift differential)131. 奖金：(incentive compensation)132. 利润分享（分红制）：(profit sharing)133. 安全与健康的工作环境134. 安全：(safety)135. 健康：(health)136. 频率：(frequency rate)137. 紧张：(stress)138. 角色冲突：(role conflict)139. 催眠法：(hypnosis)140. 酗酒：(alcoholism)141. 员工和劳动关系142. 工会：(union)143. 地方工会：(local union)144. 行业工会：(craft union)145. 产业工会：(industrial union)146. 全国工会：(national union)147. 谈判组：(bargaining union)148. 劳资谈判：(collective bargaining)149. 仲裁：(arbitration)150. 罢工：(strike)151. 内部员工关系：(internal employee relations)152. 纪律：(discipline)153. 纪律处分：(disciplinary action)154. 申诉：(grievance)155. 降职：(demotion)156. 调动：(transfer)157. 晋升：(promotion)158. 目标mission/ objective159. 集体目标group objective160. 内部环境internal environment161. 外部环境external environment162. 计划planning163. 组织organizing164. 人事staffing165. 领导leading166. 控制controlling167. 步骤process168. 原理principle169. 方法technique170. 经理manager171. 总经理general manager172. 行政人员administrator173. 主管人员supervisor174. 企业enterprise175. 商业business176. 产业industry177. 公司company178. 效果effectiveness179. 效率efficiency180. 企业家entrepreneur181. 权利power182. 职权authority183. 职责responsibility184. 科学管理scientific management185. 现代经营管理modern operational management 186. 行为科学behavior science187. 生产率productivity188. 激励motivate189. 动机motive190. 法律law191. 法规regulation192. 经济体系economic system193. 管理职能managerial function194. 产品product195. 服务service196. 利润profit197. 满意satisfaction198. 归属affiliation199. 尊敬esteem200. 自我实现self-actualization201. 人力投入human input202. 盈余surplus203. 收入income204. 成本cost205. 资本货物capital goods206. 机器machinery207. 设备equipment208. 建筑building209. 存货inventory210. 经验法the empirical approach211. 人际行为法the interpersonal behavior approach212. 集体行为法the group behavior approach213. 协作社会系统法the cooperative social systems approach 214. 社会技术系统法the social-technical systems approach 215. 决策理论法the decision theory approach216. 数学法the mathematical approach217. 系统法the systems approach218. 随机制宜法the contingency approach219. 管理任务法the managerial roles approach220. 经营法the operational approach221. 人际关系human relation222. 心理学psychology223. 态度attitude224. 压力pressure225. 冲突conflict226. 招聘recruit227. 鉴定appraisal228. 选拔select229. 培训train230. 报酬compensation231. 授权delegation of authority232. 协调coordinate233. 业绩performance234. 考绩制度merit system235. 表现behavior236. 下级subordinate237. 偏差deviation238. 检验记录inspection record239. 误工记录record of labor-hours lost240. 销售量sales volume241. 产品质量quality of products242. 先进技术advanced technology243. 顾客服务customer service244. 策略strategy245. 结构structure246. 领先性primacy247. 普遍性pervasiveness248. 忧虑fear249. 忿恨resentment250. 士气morale251. 解雇layoff252. 批发wholesale253. 零售retail254. 程序procedure255. 规则rule256. 规划program257. 预算budget258. 共同作用synergy259. 大型联合企业conglomerate 260. 资源resource261. 购买acquisition262. 增长目标growth goal263. 专利产品proprietary product 264. 竞争对手rival265. 晋升promotion266. 管理决策managerial decision 267. 商业道德business ethics268. 有竞争力的价格competitive price 269. 供货商supplier270. 小贩vendor271. 利益冲突conflict of interests 272. 派生政策derivative policy273. 开支帐户expense account 274. 批准程序approval procedure 275. 病假sick leave276. 休假vacation277. 工时labor-hour278. 机时machine-hour279. 资本支出capital outlay280. 现金流量cash flow281. 工资率wage rate282. 税收率tax rate283. 股息dividend284. 现金状况cash position285. 资金短缺capital shortage286. 总预算overall budget287. 资产负债表balance sheet288. 可行性feasibility289. 投入原则the commitment principle 290. 投资回报return on investment 291. 生产能力capacity to produce292. 实际工作者practitioner293. 最终结果end result294. 业绩performance295. 个人利益personal interest296. 福利welfare297. 市场占有率market share298. 创新innovation299. 生产率productivity300. 利润率profitability301. 社会责任public responsibility302. 董事会board of director303. 组织规模size of the organization 304. 组织文化organizational culture 305. 目标管理management by objectives 306. 评价工具appraisal tool307. 激励方法motivational techniques 308. 控制手段control device309. 个人价值personal worth310. 优势strength311. 弱点weakness312. 机会opportunity313. 威胁threat314. 个人责任personal responsibility 315. 顾问counselor316. 定量目标quantitative objective 317. 定性目标qualitative objective318. 可考核目标verifiable objective 319. 优先priority320. 工资表payroll321. 策略strategy322. 政策policy323. 灵活性discretion324. 多种经营diversification325. 评估assessment326. 一致性consistency327. 应变策略consistency strategy 328. 公共关系public relation329. 价值value330. 抱负aspiration331. 偏见prejudice332. 审查review333. 批准approval334. 主要决定major decision335. 分公司总经理division general manager 336. 资产组合距阵portfolio matrix337. 明星star338. 问号question mark339. 现金牛cash cow340. 赖狗dog341. 采购procurement342. 人口因素demographic factor343. 地理因素geographic factor344. 公司形象company image345. 产品系列product line346. 合资企业joint venture347. 破产政策liquidation strategy348. 紧缩政策retrenchment strategy349. 战术tactics350. 追随followership351. 个性individuality352. 性格personality353. 安全safety354. 自主权latitude355. 悲观的pessimistic356. 静止的static357. 乐观的optimistic358. 动态的dynamic359. 灵活的flexible360. 抵制resistance361. 敌对antagonism362. 折中eclectic363. 激励motivation364. 潜意识subconscious365. 地位status366. 情感affection367. 欲望desire368. 压力pressure369. 满足satisfaction370. 自我实现的需要needs for self-actualization 371. 尊敬的需要esteem needs372. 归属的需要affiliation needs373. 安全的需要security needs374. 生理的需要physiological needs375. 维持maintenance376. 保健hygiene377. 激励因素motivator378. 概率probability379. 强化理论reinforcement theory380. 反馈feedback381. 奖金bonus382. 股票期权stock option383. 劳资纠纷labor dispute384. 缺勤率absenteeism385. 人员流动turnover386. 奖励reward387. 特许经营franchise388. 热诚zeal389. 信心confidence390. 鼓舞inspire391. 要素ingredient392. 忠诚loyalty393. 奉献devotion394. 作风style395. 品质trait396. 适应性adaptability397. 进取性aggressiveness398. 热情enthusiasm399. 毅力persistence400. 人际交往能力interpersonal skills401. 行政管理能力administrative ability402. 智力intelligence403. 专制式领导autocratic leader404. 民主式领导democratic leader405. 自由放任式领导free-rein leader406. 管理方格图the managerial grid407. 工作效率work efficiency408. 服从obedience409. 领导行为leader behavior410. 支持型领导supportive leadership411. 参与型领导participative leadership412. 指导型领导instrumental leadership413. 成就取向型领导achievement-oriented leadership414. Action learning：行动学习415. Alternation ranking method：交替排序法416. Annual bonus：年终分红417. Application forms：工作申请表418. Appraisal interview：评价面试419. Aptitudes：资质420. Arbitration：仲裁421. Attendance incentive plan：参与式激励计划422. Authority：职权423. Behavior modeling：行为模拟424. Behaviorally anchored rating scale (bars)：行为锚定等级评价法425. Benchmark job：基准职位426. Benefits：福利427. Bias：个人偏见428. Boycott：联合抵制429. Bumping/layoff procedures：工作替换/临时解雇程序430. Burnout：耗竭431. Candidate-order error：候选人次序错误432. Capital accumulation program：资本积累方案433. Career anchors：职业锚434. Career cycle：职业周期435. Career planning and development：职业规划与职业发展436. Case study method：案例研究方法437. Central tendency：居中趋势438. Citations：传讯439. Civil Rights Act：民权法440. Classes：类441. Classification (or grading) method：归类（或分级）法442. Collective bargaining：集体谈判443. Comparable worth：可比价值444. Compensable factor：报酬因素445. Computerized forecas：计算机化预测446. Content validity：内容效度447. Criterion validity：效标效度448. Critical incident method：关键事件法449. Davis-Bacon Act (DBA)：戴维斯─佩根法案450. Day-to-day-collective bargaining：日常集体谈判451. Decline stage：下降阶段452. Deferred profit-sharing plan：延期利润分享计划453. Defined benefit：固定福利454. Defined contribution：固定缴款455. Department of Labor job analysis：劳工部工作分析法456. Discipline：纪律457. Dismissal：解雇；开除458. Downsizing：精简459. Early retirement window：提前退休窗口460. Economic strike：经济罢工461. Edgar Schein：艾德加．施恩462. Employee compensation：职员报酬463. Employee orientation：雇员上岗引导464. Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) ：雇员退休收入保障法案465. Employee services benefits：雇员服务福利466. Employee stock ownership plan (ESOP)：雇员持股计划467. Equal Pay Act：公平工资法468. Establishment stage：确立阶段469. Exit interviews：离职面谈470. Expectancy chart：期望图表471. Experimentation：实验472. Exploration stage：探索阶段473. Fact-finder：调查474. Fair day's work：公平日工作475. Fair Labor Standards Act：公平劳动标准法案476. Flexible benefits programs：弹性福利计划477. Flex place：弹性工作地点478. Flextime：弹性工作时间479. Forced distribution method：强制分布法480. Four-day workweek：每周4天工作制481. Frederick Taylor：弗雷德里克．泰罗482. Functional control：职能控制483. Functional job analysis：功能性工作分析法484. Gain sharing：收益分享485. General economic conditions：一般经济状况486. Golden offerings：高龄给付487. Good faith bargaining：真诚的谈判488. Grade description：等级说明书489. Grades：等级490. Graphic rating scale：图尺度评价法491. Grid training：方格训练492. Grievance：抱怨493. Grievance procedure：抱怨程序494. Group life insurance：团体人寿保险495. Group pension plan：团体退休金计划496. Growth stage：成长阶段497. Guarantee corporation：担保公司498. Guaranteed fair treatment：有保证的公平对待499. Guaranteed piecework plan：有保障的计件工资制500. Halo effect：晕轮效应501. Health maintenance organization (HMO) ：健康维持组织502. Illegal bargaining：非法谈判项目503. Impasse：僵持504. Implied authority：隐含职权505. Incentive plan：激励计划506. Individual retirement account (IRA) ：个人退休账户507. In-house development center：企业内部开发中心508. Insubordination：不服从509. Insurance benefits：保险福利510. Interviews：谈话；面谈511. Job analysis：工作分析512. Job description：工作描述513. Job evaluation：职位评价514. Job instruction training (JIT) ：工作指导培训515. Job posting：工作公告516. Job rotation：工作轮换517. Job sharing：工作分组518. Job specifications：工作说明书519. John Holland：约翰．霍兰德520. Junior board：初级董事会521. Layoff：临时解雇522. Leader attach training：领导者匹配训练523. Lifetime employment without guarantees：无保证终身解雇524. Line manager：直线管理者525. Local market conditions：地方劳动力市场526. Lockout：闭厂527. Maintenance stage：维持阶段528. Management assessment center：管理评价中心529. Management by objectives (MBO)：目标管理法530. Management game：管理竞赛531. Management grid：管理方格训练532. Management process：管理过程533. Mandatory bargaining：强制谈判项目534. Mediation：调解535. Merit pay：绩效工资536. Merit raise：绩效加薪537. Mid career crisis sub stage：中期职业危机阶段538. Nondirective interview：非定向面试539. Occupational market conditions：职业市场状况540. Occupational orientation：职业性向541. Occupational Safety and Health Act：职业安全与健康法案542. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)：职业安全与健康管理局543. Occupational skills：职业技能544. On-the-job training (OJT) ：在职培训545. Open-door：敞开门户546. Opinion survey：意见调查547. Organization development(OD)：组织发展548. Outplacement counseling：向外安置顾问549. Paired comparison method：配对比较法550. Panel interview：小组面试551. Participant diary/logs：现场工人日记/日志552. Pay grade：工资等级553. Pension benefits：退休金福利554. Pension plans：退休金计划555. People-first values："以人为本"的价值观556. Performance analysis：工作绩效分析557. Performance Appraisal interview：工作绩效评价面谈558. Personnel (or human resource) management：人事（或人力资源）管理559. Personnel replacement charts：人事调配图560. Piecework：计件561. Plant Closing law：工厂关闭法562. Point method Policies：政策563. Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ) ：职位分析问卷564. Position replacement cards：职位调配卡565. Pregnancy discrimination act：怀孕歧视法案566. Profit-sharing plan：利润分享计划567. Programmed learning：程序化教学568. Qualifications inventories：资格数据库569. Quality circle：质量圈570. Ranking method：排序法571. Rate ranges：工资率系列572. Ratio analysis：比率分析573. Reality shock：现实冲击574. Reliability：信度575. Retirement：退休576. Retirement benefits：退休福利577. Retirement counseling：退休前咨询578. Rings of defense：保护圈579. Role playing：角色扮演580. Salary surveys：薪资调查581. Savings plan：储蓄计划582. Scallion plan：斯坎伦计划583. Scatter plot：散点分析584. Scientific management：科学管理585. Self directed teams：自我指导工作小组586. Self-actualization：自我实现587. Sensitivity training：敏感性训练588. Serialized interview：系列化面试589. Severance pay：离职金590. Sick leave：病假591. Situational interview：情境面试592. Skip-level interview：越级谈话593. Social security：社会保障594. Speak up! ：讲出来！595. Special awards：特殊奖励596. Special management development techniques：特殊的管理开发技术597. Stabilization sub stage：稳定阶段598. Staff (service) function：职能（服务）功能599. Standard hour plan：标准工时工资600. Stock option：股票期权601. Straight piecework：直接计件制602. Strategic plan：战略规划603. Stress interview：压力面试604. Strictness/leniency：偏紧/偏松605. Strikes：罢工606. Structured interview：结构化面试607. Succession planning：接班计划608. Supplement pay benefits：补充报酬福利609. Supplemental unemployment benefits：补充失业福利610. Survey feedback：调查反馈611. Sympathy strike：同情罢工612. System Ⅳ：组织体系Ⅳ613. System I：组织体系614. Task analysis：任务分析615. Team building：团队建设616. Team or group：班组617. Termination：解雇；终止618. Termination at will：随意终止619. Theory X：X理论620. Theory Y：Y理论621. Third-party involvement：第三方介入622. Training：培训623. Transactional analysis (TA) ：人际关系心理分析624. Trend analysis：趋势分析625. Trial sub stage：尝试阶段626. Unclear performance standards：绩效评价标准不清627. Unemployment insurance：失业保险628. Unfair labor practice strike：不正当劳工活动罢工629. Unsafe acts：不安全行为630. Unsafe conditions：不安全环境631. Validity：效度632. Value-based hiring：以价值观为基础的雇佣633. Vroom-Yetton leadership trainman：维罗姆-耶顿领导能力训练634. Variable compensation：可变报酬635. Vestibule or simulated training：新雇员培训或模拟636. Vesting：特别保护权637. Voluntary bargaining：自愿谈判项目638. Voluntary pay cut：自愿减少工资方案639. Voluntary time off：自愿减少时间640. Wage carve：工资曲线641. Work samples：工作样本642. Work sampling technique：工作样本技术643. Work sharing：临时性工作分担644. Worker involvement：雇员参与计划645. Worker's benefits：雇员福利646. Adaptability 适应性647. Aligning Performance for Success 协调工作以求成功业绩648. Applied Learning 应用的知识649. Building a Successful Team 建立成功团队650. Building Customer Loyalty 对客户忠诚651. Building Partnerships 建立合作关系652. Building Strategic Working Relationships 建立战略性工作关系653. Building Trust 建立互信关系654. Coaching 辅导655. Communication 沟通656. Continuous Learning 不断学习657. Contributing to Team Success 对团队成功的贡献658. Customer Focus 以客户为中心659. Decision Making 决策660. Delegating Responsibility 授权661. Developing Others 发展他人662. Drive for Results 注重实效663. Energy 精力充沛664. Facilitation Change 推动变革665. Follow-up 跟进666. Formal Presentation 专业演讲技巧667. Gaining Commitment 具有使命感668. Impact 影响力669. Information Monitoring 采集信息670. Initiating Action 主动采取行动671. Innovation 创新672. Job Fit 胜任工作673. Leading Through Mission and Values 在使命与价值的认同中的领导才能674. Managing Conflict 解决冲突675. Managing Work (Includes Time Management) 管理工作（时间管理）676. Meeting Leadership 会议组织能力677. Meeting Participation 分享678. Negotiation谈判679. Planning and Organizing 编制计划与组织能力680. Quality Orientation 质量定位681. Risk Taking 勇于冒险682. Safety Awareness 安全意识683. Sales Ability / Persuasiveness 销售能力/说服能力684. Strategic Leadership / Decision Making 战略性领导/决策制定685. Stress Tolerance 压力忍受能力686. Technical / Professional Knowledge and Skills 技术专业知识和技能687. Tenacity 坚忍不拔688. Work Standards 操作规范689. Action learning：行动学习690. Alternation ranking method：交替排序法691. Annual bonus：年终分红692. Application forms：工作申请表693. Appraisal interview：评价面试694. Aptitudes：资质695. Arbitration：仲裁696. Attendance incentive plan：参与式激励计划697. Authority：职权698. Behavior modeling：行为模拟699. Behaviorally anchored rating scale (bars)：行为锚定等级评价法700. Benchmark job：基准职位701. Benefits：福利702. Bias：个人偏见703. Boycott：联合抵制704. Bumping/layoff procedures：工作替换/临时解雇程序705. Burnout：耗竭706. Candidate-order error：候选人次序错误707. Capital accumulation program：资本积累方案708. Career anchors：职业锚709. Career cycle：职业周期710. Career planning and development：职业规划与职业发展711. Case study method：案例研究方法712. Central tendency：居中趋势713. Citations：传讯714. Civil Rights Act：民权法715. Classes：类716. Classification (or grading) method：归类（或分级）法717. 集体谈判Comparable worth：可比价值718. Compensable factor：报酬因素719. Computerized forecast：计算机化预测720. Content validity：内容效度721. Criterion validity：效标效度722. Critical incident method：关键事件法723. Davis-Bacon Act (DBA)：戴维斯―佩根法案724. Day-to-day-collective bargaining：日常集体谈判725. Decline stage：下降阶段726. Deferred profit-sharing plan：延期利润分享计划727. Defined benefit：固定福利728. Defined contribution：固定缴款729. Department of Labor job analysis：劳工部工作分析法730. Discipline：纪律731. Dismissal：解雇；开除732. Downsizing：精简733. Early retirement window：提前退休窗口734. Economic strike：经济罢工735. Edgar Schein：艾德加•施恩736. Employee compensation：职员报酬737. Employee orientation：雇员上岗引导738. Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) ：雇员退休收入保障法案739. Employee services benefits：雇员服务福利740. Employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) ：雇员持股计划741. Equal Pay Act：公平工资法742. Establishment stage：确立阶段743. Exit interviews：离职面谈744. Expectancy chart：期望图表745. Experimentation：实验746. Exploration stage：探索阶段747. Fact-finder：调查748. Fair day’s work：公平日工作749. Fair Labor Standards Act：公平劳动标准法案750. Flexible benefits programs：弹性福利计划751. Flex place：弹性工作地点752. Flextime：弹性工作时间753. Forced distribution method：强制分布法754. Four-day workweek：每周天工作制755. Frederick Taylor：弗雷德里克•泰罗756. Functional control：职能控制757. Functional job analysis：功能性工作分析法758. 沟通Communication759. 个人发展Personal Development760. 电子学习e-Learning761. 项目管理Project Management762. 领导艺术Leadership763. 团队建设Team Building764. 管理Management765. 商务管理类766. 行政管理Administrative Support767. 人力资源Human Resources768. 商法Business Law769. 行业Industry770. 客户服务Customer Service771. 知识管理Knowledge Management772. 电子商务e-Business773. 市场Marketing774. 金融/财会Finance & Accounting775. 企业运营Operations776. 财务服务Financial Services777. 销售Sales778. able 有才干的，能干的adaptable 适应性强的779. active 主动的，活跃的aggressive 有进取心的780. ambitious 有雄心壮志的amiable 和蔼可亲的781. amicable 友好的analytical 善于分析的782. apprehensive 有理解力的aspiring 有志气的，有抱负的783. audacious 大胆的，有冒险精神的capable 有能力的，有才能的784. careful 办理仔细的candid 正直的785. competent 能胜任的constructive 建设性的786. cooperative 有合作精神的creative 富创造力的787. dedicated 有奉献精神的dependable 可靠的788. diplomatic 老练的，有策略的disciplined 守纪律的789. dutiful 尽职的well--educated 受过良好教育的790. efficient 有效率的energetic 精力充沛的791. expressivity 善于表达faithful 守信的，忠诚的792. frank 直率的，真诚的generous 宽宏大量的793. genteel 有教养的gentle 有礼貌的794. humorous 有幽默impartial 公正的795. independent 有主见的industrious 勤奋的796. ingenious 有独创性的motivated 目的明确的797. intelligent 理解力强的learned 精通某门学问的798. logical 条理分明的methodical 有方法的799. modest 谦虚的objective 客观的800. precise 一丝不苟的punctual 严守时刻的801. realistic 实事求是的responsible 负责的802. sensible 明白事理的sporting 光明正大的803. steady 踏实的systematic 有系统的804. purposeful 意志坚强的sweet-tempered 性情温和的805. temperate 稳健的tireless 孜孜不倦的806. name 姓名in. 英寸807. pen name 笔名ft. 英尺808. alias 别名street 街809. Mr. 先生road 路810. Miss 小姐district 区811. Ms （小姐或太太）house number 门牌812. Mrs. 太太lane 胡同，巷813. age 年龄height 身高814. bloodtype 血型weight 体重815. address 地址born 生于816. permanent address 永久住址birthday 生日817. province 省birthdate 出生日期818. city 市birthplace 出生地点819. county 县home phone 住宅电话820. prefecture 专区office phone 办公电话821. autonomous region 自治区business phone 办公电话822. nationality 民族；国籍current address 目前住址823. citizenship 国籍date of birth 出生日期824. native place 籍贯postal code 邮政编码825. duel citizenship 双重国籍marital status 婚姻状况826. family status 家庭状况married 已婚827. single 未婚divorced 离异828. separated 分居number of children 子女人数829. health condition 健康状况health 健康状况830. excellent （身体）极佳short-sighted 近视831. far-sighted 远视ID card 身份证832. date of availability 可到职时间membership 会员、资格833. president 会长vice-president 副会长834. director 理事standing director 常务理事835. society 学会association 协会836. secretary-general 秘书长research society 研究会837. work experience 工作经历occupational history 工作经历838. professionalhistory 职业经历specific experience 具体经历839. responsibilities 职责second job 第二职业840. achievements 工作成就，业绩administer 管理841. assist 辅助adapted to 适应于842. accomplish 完成（任务等）appointed 被认命的843. adept in 善于analyze 分析844. authorized 委任的；核准的behave 表现845. break the record 打破纪录breakthrough 关键问题的解决846. control 控制conduct 经营，处理847. cost 成本；费用create 创造848. demonstrate 证明，示范decrease 减少849. design 设计develop 开发，发挥850. devise 设计，发明direct 指导851. double 加倍，翻一番earn 获得，赚取852. effect 效果，作用eliminate 消除853. enlarge 扩大enrich 使丰富854. exploit 开发（资源，产品）enliven 搞活855. establish 设立（公司等）；使开业evaluation 估价，评价856. execute 实行，实施expedite 加快；促进857. generate 产生good at 擅长于858. guide 指导；操纵improve 改进，提高859. initiate 创始，开创innovate 改革，革新860. invest 投资integrate 使结合；使一体化861. justified 经证明的；合法化的launch 开办（新企业）862. maintain 保持；维修modernize 使现代化863. negotiate 谈判nominated 被提名；被认命的864. overcome 克服perfect 使完善；改善865. perform 执行，履行profit 利润866. be promoted to 被提升为be proposed as 被提名（推荐）为867. realize 实现（目标）获得（利润）reconstruct 重建868. recorded 记载的refine 精练，精制869. registered 已注册的regenerate 更新，使再生870. replace 接替，替换retrieve 挽回871. revenue 收益，收入scientific 科学的，系统的872. self-dependence 自力更生serve 服务，供职873. settle 解决（问题等）shorten 减低……效能874. simplify 简化，精简spread 传播，扩大875. standard 标准，规格supervises 监督，管理876. supply 供给，满足systematize 使系统化877. test 试验，检验well-trained 训练有素的878. valuable 有价值的target 目标，指标879. working model 劳动模范advanced worker 先进工作者880. education 学历educational history 学历881. educational background 教育程度curriculum 课程882. major 主修minor 副修883. educational highlights 课程重点部分curriculum included 课程包括884. specialized courses 专门课程courses taken 所学课程885. special training 特别训练social practice 社会实践886. part-time jobs 业余工作summer jobs 暑期工作887. vacation jobs 假期工作refresher course 进修课程888. extracurricularactivities 课外活动physical activities 体育活动889. recreational activities 娱乐活动academic activities 学术活动890. social activities 社会活动rewards 奖励891. scholarship 奖学金excellent League member 优秀团员892. excellent leader 优秀干部student council 学生会893. off-job training 脱产培训in-job training 在职培训894. educational system 学制cademic year 学年895. semester 学期（美）term 学期（英）896. supervisor 论文导师pass 及格897. fail 不及格marks 分数898. examination 考试degree 学位899. post doctorate 博士后doctor(Ph.D) 博士900. master 硕士bachelor 学士901. graduate student 研究生abroad student 留学生902. abroad student 留学生undergraduate 大学肆业生903. government-supportedstudent 公费生commoner 自费生904. extern 走读生intern 实习生905. prize fellow 奖学金生boarder 寄宿生906. graduate 毕业生guest student 旁听生（英）907. auditor 旁听生（美）day-student 走读生908. objective 目标position desired 希望职位909. job objective 工作目标employment objective 工作目标910. career objective 职业目标position sought 谋求职位911. position wanted 希望职位position appliedfor 申请职位912. for more specializedwork 为更专门的工作913. for prospectsof promotion 为晋升的前途914. for higher responsibility 为更高层次的工作责任915. for wider experience 为扩大工作经验916. due to close-downof company 由于公司倒闭917. due to expiryof employment 由于雇用期满918. sought a betterjob 找到了更好的工作919. to seek a betterjob 找一份更好的工作920. hobbies 业余爱好play the guitar 弹吉他921. reading 阅读play chess 下棋922. play 话剧long distance running 长跑923. play bridge 打桥牌collecting stamps 集邮924. play tennis 打网球jogging 慢跑925. sewing 缝纫travelling 旅游926. listening to symphony 听交响乐do some clay scultures 搞泥塑。
品管术语中英对照表
品管术语中英对照表品管术语中英对照表1、QC：Quality Control 品质管制（中）；品质管理（日）2、QP：Quality Policy 品质政策3、IQC：Incoming Quality Control 进料品管4、PMI：Purchasing Meterial Inspeciton 采购物料检验，即美商公司对进料品管所采用统一的称呼。
5、IPQC：In-Process Quality Control 制程品管英文IPQC亦可缩写为PQC。
6、QE：Quality Engineering 品质工程为品管部门最高技术单位，亦为品质管辖统一技术中心。
7、QA：Quality Assurance 品质保证为品管部门组织编制的一部分，由于时代演进变迁，消费者对品质意识的提升，追求产品使用性能之可靠性及满意度日趋明朗化，故品管部门顺应时代之需求趋势，许多企业公司将其改为品管保证部门，以强调品质保证从IQA、IPQA、OQA、QE均需达到可靠性保证RQA需求。
8、IQA：Incoming Quality Assurance 进料品质保证9、IPQA：In-process Quality Assurance 制程品质保证10、OQA：Outgoing Quality Assurance 出厂品质保证11、RQA：Reliability Quality Assurance 信赖性品质保证12、TQC：T otal Quality Control 全面品质管制13、CWQC：Company Wide Quality Control 全公司品质管制14、TQA：Total Quality Assurance 全面品质保证15、TQM：T otal Quality Management 全面品质管理16、AQL：Acceptable Quality Level 品质允收水准17、PPM：Parts per Million 零件百万分之一的不良率18、PPH：Production Per Hour 每小时生产量19、ECR：Engineering Change Reguirement 工程变更需求20、ECN：Engineering Change Notice 工程变更通知21、R＆D：Reserch ＆Development 研发22、PE：Process Engineering 生技23、IE：Industrial Engineering 工业工程24、PC：Production Control 生管25、MC：Meterial Control 仓管26、MFG：Manufacturing 制造27、PDCA：Plan计划，Do执行，Check查核，Action矫正28、MRP：Meterial Reguirement Planning 物料需求计划29、PR：Purchasing Requirement 采购需求30、PO：Purchading Order 采购订单31、MO：Manufacturing Order 制造命令32、Specification of Quality 品质规格33、Inspection Specification 检验规格34、CR defect：Critical defect 严重缺点35、MAJ defct：major defect 主要缺点36、MI defect：Minor defect 次要缺点37、Normal inspection：正常检验38、Tigtened Inspection：加严检验39、Reduced Inspection：减量检验40、Yield：良品率41、Defective Percentage：不良率42、Lot Rejected Percentage：批退率43、SPC：Statistical Process Control 统计制程管制44、QFD：Quality Function Deployment 品质机能展开是一种有系统的手法，从掌握顾客需求，将需求转换成代用特性，来订定产品或服务的设计品质标准，然后再将设计品质有系统的展开到各个机能零件或服务的项目的品质、以及制造工程各要素，或服务过程各要素的关系上，使产品或服务在事前，就能完成品质保证，符合顾客的要求。
管理类专业术语英汉对照
管理类专业术语英汉对照管理类专业术语英汉对照目录[隐藏]∙ 1 A∙ 2 B∙ 3 C∙ 4 D∙ 5 E∙ 6 F∙7 G∙8 H∙9 I∙10 J∙11 K∙12 L∙13 M∙14 N∙15 P∙16 Q∙17 R∙18 S∙19 T∙20 U∙21 V∙22 W∙23 Z[编辑]A∙access discrimination 进入歧视∙action research 动作研究∙adjourning 解散∙adhocracy 特别结构∙administrative principle 管理原则∙artifacts 人工环境∙artificial intelligence 人工智能工巧匠∙avoiding learning 规避性学习∙ambidextrous approach 双管齐下策略[编辑]B∙balance sheet资产负债表∙BCG matrix波士顿咨询集团矩阵∙bona fide occupation qualifications 善意职业资格审查∙bounded rationality 有限理性∙bureaucracy 官僚机构∙benchmarking标杆瞄准∙bounded rationality perspective 有限理性方法∙boundary-spanning roles 跨超边界作用[编辑]C∙Computer-aided design puter-automated manufacturing(CAD/CAM)计算机辅助设计与计算机自动生产∙confrontation 对话∙consortia 企业联合∙change agent 变革促进者∙chaos theory混沌理论∙charismatic leaders魅力型领导者∙charity principle 博爱原则∙coercive power 强制权∙cohesiveness 凝聚力∙collaborative management 合作型管理∙comparable worth 可比较价值∙competitive benchmarking 竞争性基准∙confrontation meeting 碰头会∙constancy of purpose 永久性目标∙contingency approach权变理论∙corporate social performance 公司社会表现∙corporate social responsibility公司社会责任∙corporate social responsiveness公司社会反应∙critical incident 关键事件∙current assets流动资产∙current liabilities流动负债∙culture strength 文化强度∙creative department 创造性部门∙craft technology 技艺性技术∙contextual dimension 关联性维度∙continuous process production 连续加工生产∙collectivity stage 集体化阶段∙clan control 小团体控制∙clan culture小团体文化∙coalition 联合团体∙collaborative 协作网络∙centrality 集中性∙centraliazation 集权化∙charismatic authority 竭尽忠诚的权力[编辑]D∙decentralization分权∙democracy management 民主管理∙departmentalization 部门化∙differential rate system 差别报酬系统∙dialectical inquiry methods 辩证探求法∙division of labor 劳动分工∙downward mobility 降职流动∙dynamic engagement 动态融合∙dynamic network 动态网络∙domain 领域∙direct interlock 直接交叉∙divisional form 事业部模式∙differentiation strategy差别化战略∙decision premise 决策前提∙dual-core approach二元核心模式[编辑]E∙electronic data-processing(EDP) 电子数据处理∙employee-oriented style 员工导向型风格∙empowerment 授权∙encoding 解码∙end-user computing 终端用户计算系统∙entrepreneurship 企业家精神∙equity 净资产∙equity theory公平理论∙espoused value 信仰价值∙ethnocentric manager 种族主义的管理者∙expectancy theory期望理论∙expense budget 支出预算∙expense center 费用中心∙external audit外部审计∙external stakeholders 外部利益相关者∙extrinsic rewards外部奖励∙ethic ombudsperson 伦理巡视官∙external adaption 外部适应性∙elaboration stage 精细阶段∙entrepreneurial stage 创业阶段∙escalating commitment 顽固认同[编辑]F∙family group 家庭集团∙financial statement财务报表∙flat hierarchies 扁平型结构∙flexible budget弹性预算∙force-field theory 场力理论∙formal authority 合法权力∙formal systematic appraisal 正式的系统评估∙franchise 特许经营权∙formalization stage 规范化阶段∙functional grouping 职能组合∙formal channel of communication 正式沟通渠道[编辑]G∙game theory博弈论∙general financial condition 一般财务状况∙geocentric manager 全球化管理者∙general manager总经理∙globalization] 全球化∙gossip chain 传言链∙grapevine 传言网∙global strategic partnership 全球战略伙伴关系∙general environment 一般环境∙generalist 全面战略∙geographic grouping 区域组合∙global company 全球公司∙global geographic structure 全球区域结构[编辑]H∙Hawthorne effect霍桑效应∙heuristic principles 启发性原理∙hierarchy 科层制度∙hiring specification 招聘细则∙horizontal linkage model 横向联系模型∙hybrid structure混合结构∙high tech 高接触∙high-velocity environments 高倍速环境[编辑]I∙impoverished management 放任式管理∙income statement损益表∙information transformation 信息转换∙infrastructure基础设施∙integrative process 整合过程∙intelligent enterprises 智力企业∙internal audit 内部审计∙internal stakeholder 内部相关者∙internship 实习∙intrapreneurship 内部企业家精神∙intrinsic reward内在报酬∙inventory 库存, 存货∙internal integration内部整合∙interorganization relationship 组织间的关系∙intergroup conflict 团体间冲突∙interlocking directorate 交叉董事会∙institutional perspective 机构的观点∙intuitive decision making 直觉决策∙idea champion 构思倡导者∙incremental change 渐进式变革∙informal organizational structure 非正式组织结构∙informal performance appraisal 非正式业绩评价[编辑]J∙job description 职务描述∙job design 职务设计∙job enlargement 职务扩大化∙job enrichment 职务丰富化∙job rotation 职务轮换∙job specialization 职务专业化[编辑]K∙key performance areas 关键业务区∙key result areas关键绩效区[编辑]L∙labor productivity index 劳动生产力指数∙laissez management 自由化管理∙large batch production大批量生产∙lateral communication横向沟通∙leadership style 领导风格∙least preferred co-worker(LPC) 最不喜欢的同事∙legitimate power 合法权力∙liability 负债∙liaison 联络者∙line authority 直线职权∙liquidity 流动性∙liaison role 联络员角色∙long-linked technology 纵向关联技术∙losses from conflict 冲突带来的损失∙low-cost leadership 低成本领先[编辑]M∙management by objective目标管理∙Managerial Grid 管理方格∙matrix bosses 矩阵主管∙management champion 管理倡导者∙materials-requirements planning(MRP) 物料需求计划∙Mslow's hierarchy of needs马斯洛需求层次论∙marketing argument 管理文化多元化营销观∙multiculturalism 文化多元主义∙multidivisional firm 多部门公司∙moral rules 道德准则∙management by walking around(MBWA) 走动式管理∙matrix structure 矩阵结构∙multinational enterprise(MNE) 跨国公司∙moral relativism 道德相对主义∙mechanistic system 机械式组织∙middle-of-the-road management 中庸式管理∙meso theory 常态理论∙multidomestic strategy多国化战略∙mediating technology 调停技术[编辑]N∙na?ve relativism 朴素相对主义∙need-achievement 成就需要∙norming 规范化∙norms 规范∙nonprogrammed decisions非程序化决策∙nonsubstitutability 非替代性∙nonroutine technology 非例行技术∙niche 领地∙off-the-job training 脱产培训∙on-the-job training 在职培训∙operational budget运营预算∙order backlog 订单储备∙organic system 有机系统∙organizational development(OD) 组织发展∙orientation 定位∙outcome interdependence 结果的相互依赖性∙outplacement services 外延服务∙organization ecosystem 组织生态系统[编辑]P∙paradox of authority 权威的矛盾∙paradox of creativity 创造力的矛盾∙paradox of disclosure 开放的矛盾∙paradox of identify 身份的矛盾∙paradox of individuality 个性的矛盾∙paradox of regression 回归的矛盾∙partial productivity 部分生产率∙participative management 参与式管理∙path-goal model路径目标模型∙peer recruiter 同级招聘∙political action committees(PACs) 政治活动委员会∙polycentric manager 多中心管理者∙portfolio framework 业务组合框架∙portfolio investment 资产组合投资∙positive reinforcement正强化∙production flexibility生产柔性∙profitability收益率∙programmed decisions程序化决策∙psychoanalytic view 精神分析法∙paradigm 范式∙personal ratios 人员比例∙pooled dependence 集合性依存∙professional bureaucracy 专业官僚机构∙problem identification 问题识别∙problemistic search 问题搜寻∙population ecology model种群生态模型[编辑]Q∙quality 质量∙quality circle质量圈∙question mark 问题类市场∙quid pro quo 交换物[编辑]R∙rational model of decision making 理性决策模式∙realistic job preview(RJP) 实际工作预览∙reciprocal interdependence 相互依存性∙resource dependence 资源依赖理论∙routine technology 例行技术∙retention 保留∙rational approach 理性方法∙rational model 理性模型∙rational-legal authority 理性—合法权威[编辑]S∙semivariable cost 准可变成本∙sense of potency 力量感∙sensitivity training敏感性训练∙sexual harassment 性骚扰∙short-run capacity changes 短期生产能力变化∙single-strand chain 单向传言链∙situational approach 情境方法∙situational force 情境力量∙situational leadership theory情境领导理论∙sliding-scale budget 移动规模预算∙small-batch production 小规模生产∙sociotechnical approaches 社会科技方法∙span of management 管理幅度∙staff authority 参谋职权∙standing plan 长设计划∙step budget 分步预算∙stewardship principle 管家原则∙stimulus 刺激∙storming 调整阶段∙strategic management战略管理∙strategic partnering 战略伙伴关系∙strategy formulation战略制定∙strategy implementation战略实施∙strategic control战略控制∙strategic contingencies 战略权变∙satisficing满意度∙subsystems 子系统∙subunits 子单位∙synergy 协同∙system boundary 系统边界∙structure dimension 结构性维度∙sequential interdependence 序列性依存∙self-directed team自我管理型团队∙specialist 专门战略∙strategy and structure changes 战略与结构变革∙symptoms of structural deficiency 结构无效的特征[编辑]T∙tall hierarchies 高长型科层结构∙task force or project team 任务小组或项目团队∙task independence 任务的内部依赖性∙task management 任务型管理∙task-oriented style 任务导向型管理风格∙total productivity 全部生产率∙Total Quality Management全面质量管理∙training positions 挂职培训∙training program 培训程序∙transactional leaders 交易型领导∙transformational leaders变革型领导∙treatment discrimination 歧视待遇∙two-factory theory双因素理论∙two-boss employees 双重主管员工∙technical or product champion 技术或产品的倡导者[编辑]U∙unfreezing 解冻∙unit production 单位产品[编辑]V∙variation 变种子∙variety 变量∙valence 效价∙variable costs 可变成本∙vertical communication纵向沟通∙vertical integration纵向一体化∙vestibule training仿真培训∙volume flexibility 产量的可伸缩性∙vertical linkage 纵向连接∙venture team 风险团队∙value based leadership 基于价值的领导[编辑]W∙win-lose situation 输赢情境∙win-win situation 双赢情境∙workforce literacy 员工的读写能力∙work in progress在制品∙work flow redesign 工作流程再造成∙work flow automation 工作流程自动化∙whistle blowing 揭发[编辑]Z∙zero-sum 零---和∙zone of indifference(area of acceptance) 无差异区域(可接受区域)。
管理会计术语中英对照表
管理会计术语中英对照表许多时候，我们会遇到英文的会计术语，虽然在国内普遍使用中文，但偶尔情况也会有英文术语的出现也需要用到，所以本对照表可以解决你的不时之需。
AABCoverhead costing 作业成本法下的间接成本分摊absorptioncosting 吸收成本法absorptioncost, benefits and limitation 吸收成本法的优点与局限性accelerateddepreciation methods 加速折旧法accountingassumptions and conventions 会计假设和会计惯例accountingchanges 会计变更accountingequation 会计恒等式accountingfor cost flows in a manufacturingcompany 制造业成本流转会计Accountfor the Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets 长期资产损失或处置会计accountinginformation systems 会计信息系统accountingpolicies 会计政策accountingrecognition 会计确认accounting, accrual 权责发生制accounting, responsibility 会计责任accounting,variable overhead 变动制造费用会计accounting,payable 应付账款accounting,receivable 应收账款accountsreceivables disclosure 应收账款披露accrualaccounting 权责发生制activityanalysis 作业活动分析activitycost driver 作业成本动因activitymethod (variable charge approach) 作业方法（变动法）activity-basedbudgeting(ABB) 作业基础预算法activity-basedcost drivers 作业成本动因activity-basedcosting(ABC) 作业成本法activity-basedmanagement (ABM) 作业管理法activity-basedmanagement, advantages and disadvantages 作业管理法的优势与劣势actualcost 实际成本AIS.See accounting information systems 会计信息系统allocationbase 分摊基础allocationof service department costs 服务部门成本分摊allocationrate, fixed overhead cost 固定间接成本的分摊率allocationrate ,variable overhead cost 变动间接成本的分摊率allocation,direct method 直接法分摊allocation,reciprocal method 交叉分摊法allowancemethod 备抵法allocation,step-down method 按步向下分摊法amortization摊销analysisof variation 差异分析analysisof variation, mix and yiels variances 差异分析，组合和产出差异analysisof variation,price and efficiency variances for direct material inputs直接人工与材料投入的价格与效率差异分析analysisof variation, spending and efficiency variances for variable and fixed overhead变动和固定制造费用的费用与效率差异分析analysisof variation, sales mix variance 销售组合差异分析annualreport 年报applicationsoftware packages 软件包的应用artificialintelligence 人工智能assets资产assuranceservices 保险服务attestationengagement 证明业务audit 审计audit,compliance 合规性审计audit，operational 营运升级authoritativebudget(top-down budget) 权威式（自上而下）预算法authoritativestandard(cost) 权威式标准（成本）automated clearing house(ACH) 自动清算系统Bbackflush costing 及时制造后推成本法balancesheet components 资产负债表要素balancesheet, Pro forma 迷你资产负债表balancedscorecard, example 平衡记分卡例子balancedscorecard, implementing the 平衡记分卡的实施batchprocessing 批量处理benchmarking标杆分析benefits,tangible and intangible 有形和无形收益boardof directors 董事会bondterminology 债券术语bondtypes 债券种类bookvalue method 账面价值法browser(Web)software 浏览器软件budgetbalance sheet 预算资产负债表budgetcommittee 预算委员会budgetcoordinator 预算协调员budgetcycle 预算周期budgetnegotiation 预算商议budgetparticipants 预算参与者budgetperiod 预算期budgetprocess 预算流程budgetproposal 预算提案budgetreview and approval 预算检查与批准budgetrevision 预算修正budgetslack 预算松弛budgetsystems 预算制度budget,authoritative (top-down) 权威式（自上而下）预算budget,capital 资本预算budget,cash 现金预算budget,combined 预算合并budget,cost of goods sold 产品销售成本预算budget,definition of 预算的定义budget,direct labor 直接人工预算budgetdirect materials 直接材料预算budgetemployee benefits 员工福利预算budget,financial 财务预算budget,fixable 弹性预算budget,incremental 增量预算budget,operating 营业预算budget,overhead 间接费用预算budget,participative 参与式预算budget,production 生产预算budget,sales 销售预算budget,selling and administrative expense 销售与管理费用预算budgetstatic 静态预算budgetarycontrol 预算控制budgeting预算编制budgetingprocess experts 预算流程专家budgetingsteps 预算步骤budgeting,characteristics of successful 成功的预算流程特征budgeting,flexible 弹性预算budgets,continuous 连续预算budgets,financial 财务预算budgets,kaizen 包涵改善内容的预算budgets,project 项目预算budgets,strategy and planning 战略与计划预算budgets,zero-based 零基预算businessnetwork 商业网络businessfunctions, support 企业功能，支持businessinformation systems (BIS) 企业信息系统businessintelligence 商业情报businessunit profitability analysis 部门盈利能力分析business-to-business(B2B)e-commerce 企对企商务by-products副产品Ccapacity产能capacityutilizations, master budget 产能利用率总预算capacityutilization, normal 正常产能利用率capacity,practical 实际产能capacity,theoretical 理论产能capitallease 资本租赁capitallease obligation 资本租赁债务capitalstock 股本carryingcost 持有成本cash现金cashbudget 现金预算cashdisbursements 现金支付cashdisbursements (outflows) 现金支付cashdiscounts 现金折扣cashexcess 超额现金cashflow return on investment（CEROI）投资活动产生的现金流量cashflows from operating activities 经营活动产生的现金流量cashreceipts(inflows) 现金收入（流入）cause-and-effectdiagram 因果图center,cost 成本中心center,investment 投资中心center,profit 利润中心center,revenue 收入中心client/servermodel 客户端/服务器系统，客户伺服器combinedbudget 合并预算combinedfinancial statement 合并财务报表committed(sunk) 契约承约（沉没）成本committedcost 契约承约成本commoncost 共同成本commoncost allocation 共同成本分配compensationbalance 补偿余额completed-contractmethod 合同完工法complexity复杂性complianceaudit 合规性审计comprehensiveincome 全面收益comprehensiveincome information 全面收益信息computernetwork system 计算机网络系统concurrentengineering(CE) 并行工程conformance符合conservatism稳健性consignedgoods 寄销货物consolidatedfinancial statement 合并资产负债表contingencies或有事项contingentliability 或有负债continuousbudget 连续预算contributionmargin 边际贡献contributionreporting 贡献报告controlcharts 控制图表control,budgetary 预算控制controllablecost 可控成本controllableprofit 可控利润conversioncost 转换成本corporatecapital(stockholders’ equity) 公司资本（股东权益）costaccounting term 成本会计术语costaccumulation 成本归集costallocation 成本分摊costassignment 成本分配costcenter 成本中心costdriver (allocation base) 成本动因（分摊基础）costdrivers, activity-based 作业成本动因costdrivers, executional 执行性成本动因costdrivers, structural 结构性成本动因costdrivers, volume-based 数量成本动因costflow assumptions 成本流转假设costflow, process costing 分步成本法的成本流转costflows in manufacturing companies 制造业成本流转costflows in merchandising and service companies 商业和服务业成本流转costmanagement 成本管理costobject 成本对象costof goods available for sale or use 可供出售或使用的商品的成本costof goods sold 产品销售成本costof goods sold budget 产品销售成本预算costof quality(COQ)analysis 质量成本分析costpool成本归集costrecovery method 成本回收法coststandards 成本标准coststandards, authoritative 权威式成本标准coststandards, currently attainable当前可实现的标准coststandards, ideal 理想成本标准coststandards, participative 参与式成本标准cost,actual 实际成本cost,carrying 持有成本cost,committed (sunk) 承约（沉没）成本cost,controllable 可控成本cost,conversion 转换成本cost,definition of 成本定义cost,differential 成本差异cost,direct 直接成本cost,fixed 固定成本cost,indirect间接成本cost,indirect labor间接人工成本costindirect materials间接材料成本costnocommitted(flexible)非承约（弹性）成本costnoncontrollable不可控制成本costopportunity机会成本costperiod期间成本costprime 主要成本costproduct产品成本coststep成本步骤costtotal(mixed)总成本（混合成本）costvariable变动成本cost-benefitanalysis成本收益分析cost-benefitratio 成本收益率cost-benefitrelationship成本收益关系costing(actual, normal, standard)实际成本，正常成本，标准成本costing,job order分批成本法costing,process分步成本法costs成本costs,allocation of service department服务部门成本归集costs,historical data for determining用于确定成本的历史数据criticalsuccess, factors关键性成功因素currencyrestrictions货币限制currentliabilities流动负债currentmaturities of long-term debt 本年到期的长期负债currentlyattainable standard (cost)当前可实现的标准customeracquisition获得客户customeroutcome measures顾客成果指标customerprofitability analysis客户盈利能力分析customerretention客户保留customersatisfaction客户满意度customization,application software packages定制应用软件包customscharges and tariffs关税税费及税率Ddatadefinition language (DDL) 数据定义语言datadesign (systems) 数据设计（系统）datadictionary数据字典datamanipulation language (DML)数据操作语言datamining数据挖掘datawarehouse数据仓库database数据库databasemanagement system (DBMS)数据库管理系统databasemanagement system (DBMS) types数据管理系统种类data-drivendecision support system数据决策支持系统debtsecurity债务证券decisionsupport system (DSS)决策支持系统decliningbalance method余额递减折旧法deductibleamount可扣减额deferredtax递延税款deferredtax liability递延所得税负债departmentaloverhead rate部门间接成本分摊率depletion折耗depletionaccounting 折耗会计depositmethod收现营收认列法depreciation折旧derivative衍生金融产品differentialcost差量成本digitalsubscriber line (DSL) 数字用户线directcost直接成本directcost (variable costing)直接成本法（变动成本法）directcutover (conversion/implementation)完全切换（转换/实施directfinancing lease直接融资租赁directlabor budget直接人工预算directlabor, standard costs for 直接人工标准成本directmaterials budget直接材料预算directmaterials inventory直接材料存货directmaterial, standard costs for直接材料标准成本directmethod直接法directprofit直接利润directwrite-off method直接冲销法discontinuesoperation停止经营discretionarycost 酌定成本，任意成本distributedprocessing分散式处理dividends股利dividendspayable应付股利dividends,cash 现金股利dividends,cumulative累计股利dividends,liquidating清算股利dividends,property实物财产股利dividends,scrip 票据股利dividends,stock 股票股利dollar-valueLIFO 金额数据后进先出法DuPontmethod, profitability analysis 杜邦盈利能力分析Eeconomicentity 经济实体economicvalue added (EVA) 经济附加值EDGARdatabase EDGAR数据库effectiveness效果efficiency效果efficiencyvariance效率差异ElectronicData Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval (EDGAR)system 电子数据手机、分析和检索系统electronicdata interchange (EDI)电子数据交换electronicfunds transfer (EFT)电子资金转帐Elementsof Financial Statements 财务报表要素employeebenefits budget员工福利名预算employeestock ownership plan (ESOP)员工持股计划enterpriseresource planning (ERP) system 企业资源计划（ERP）系统enterpriseresources planning (ERP)企业资源计划（ERP）entity-relationship(E-R) diagram实体－关系图equity(net assets)权益（净资产）equitymethod accounting权益法会计equityshare (stock) options股票期权equivalentunit (EU)约当产量executionalcost drivers执行成本动因executivesupport systems (ESS)高级管理人员支持系统expenses费用expertsystem专家系统，电子智慧系统expropriation征用ExtensibleMarkup Language (XML)可扩展标识语言extraordinaryitem非常项目Ffactoring应收账款代理fatclient (application)原客户端favorablevariance有利差异financialbudget财务预算financialproductivity财务生产力financialreporting resources财务报告资源financialreports, segmented external对外财务报告financialstatement footnotes of disclosures财务报表辅助或披露financialstatement limitations财务报表限制financialstatement user, internal and external财务报表内部和外部使用者financialstatement, pro forma模拟财务报表financialstatements for a manufacturing company 制造企业财务报表financing融资finishedgoods (FG) inventory 产成品存货First-in,first-out (FIFO) costing method先进先出成本法first,first-out (FIFO) method先进先出法fixedcost固定成本fixedcost, committed 已承担固定成本fixedcost, discretionary 酌定固定成本fixedoverhead costs 固定间接成本fixedoverhead variance 固定间接费用差异flexiblebudget 弹性预算flexiblebudget variance 弹性预算差异flexiblebudgeting 弹性预算fullcost (absorption) model 完全（吸收）成本模式fullcosting (absorption costing)完全（吸收）成本法fulldisclosure充分披露fulldisclosure principle充分披露原则functionalcurrency功能货币fuzzylogic模糊逻辑Ggaincontingencies或有利得gains利得gapanalysis差距分析generallyaccepted auditing standards (GAAS)公认审计准则goals,budgets and预算目标goingconcern连续经营的企业goodsin transit在途商业goods,consigned寄销商品goodwill商誉grossprofit (constant gross margin percentage) method毛利法groupand composite methods分类和综合法Hhierarchicaldatabase management system (DBMS) 分级数据库管理系统histogram直接图表historicalcost 历史成本historicaldata for determining costs决定成本的历史数据HypertextMarkup Language (HTML)超文本标识语言Iidealstandards (cost)理想标准if-convertedmethod如果转换法impairment,in value价值损失imputedinterest rate应计利率incomestatement preparation损益表编制incomestatement, multiple-step多步式损益表incomestatement, pro forma模拟损益表incomestatement, single-step单步式损益表income净收益incrementalbudget 增量预算incrementalcost allocation method 增量成本分配法indirectcost间接成本indirectlabor cost间接人工成本informationsystems, management-level管理层信息系统informationsystems, strategic-level战略信息系统innovation创新InsiderTrading and Securities Fraud Enforcement Act of 年内部人交易与证券欺诈执行法案InsiderTrading Sanctions Act of 年的内部交易制裁法案installmentsales method分期付款销售法intangibleassets无形资产intangibles,artistic艺术品无形资产intangibles,contract合同无形资产intangibles,customer客户无形资产intangibles,marketing营销无形资产intangibles,technological技术性无形资产integrateddisclosure整合披露interest-bearingnote计息票据intermediateproduct中间产品Internet互联网Internetbackbone骨干网internetProtocol (IP)互联网协议intranet内联网inventoriablecost产品成本inventory存货inventoryaccounts, manufacturing company制造企业存货帐户inventoryerrors存货误差inventorylevels, determining in process costing分步成本法的存货水平inventorysystem盘存制度inventorysystem, periodic定期盘存制inventorysystem, perpetual永续盘存制inventoryvaluation存货定价inventory,beginning期初存货inventory,direct materials直接材料存货inventory,finished goods (FG)产成品存货inventory,work-in-process (WIP)半成品库存investmentcenter投资中心involuntaryconversion强制性交换Jjoborder costing分批成本法jointproducts联产品just-in-time(JIT) system及时制Kkaizenbudgets 包含改善内容的预算kaizenbudgets, benefits包含改善内容的预算的优点knowledgework systems (KWS)知识工作系统knowledge-levelsystems知识水平体系Llast-in,first-out(LIFO) method 后进先出法lease租赁leveragedlease杠杆租赁liabilities负债liabilities,current 流动负债life-cyclecosting 生命周期成本法LIFOliquidation后进先出清算LIFOreserve后进先出储备localarea network (LAN)局域网localarea network, wireless无线局域网long-termcontracts, losses on长期合同损失long-termplanning长期计划losscontingencies或有损失losses损失lowerof cost or market (LCM) rule成本与市价孰低法Mmainframecomputer 主机managementby exception method 例外管理managementby objectives (MBO)目标管理managementby objective (MBO), benefits目标管理的优点managementdiscussion and analysis (MD&A)管理层论述及分析managementinformation systems (MIS)管理信息系统management-levelinformation systems管理层水平信息系统manufacturingcompany制造业manufacturingcompany, accounting for cost flows in a 制造业成本流转会计manufacturingcompany, cost flows in a 制造业成本流转manufacturingcompany, financial statements for a 制造业财务报表marketexpectations 市场预期marketprice model市场定价模型marketshare 市场份额marketvalue 市值marketvalue added (MVA) 市场附加值marketablesecurities 有价证券masterbudget 总预算masterbudget capacity utilization 产能利用率总预算masterbudget, components总预算要素matching配比materiality重要性materialsresources planning (MRP) 物质资源计划merchandisingcompany 商品企业model-drivendecision support system 模型决策支持系统multiple-stepincome statement 多步式损益表Nnegotiatedprice model 协议价格模型netincome 净利netmarketplace 纯市场netrealizable value (NRV) 可变现净netrealizable value (NRV) for trade receivables应收货款可变现净值netrealizable value (NRV) method可变现净值法networkoperating system (NOS)网络操作系统networktopology局域网network,computer计算机网络neuralnetwork神经系统nominalunit of money名义货币单位noncommitted(flexible) cost未承担（弹性）成本noncontrollablecost不可控成本nonmonetaryassets, exchanges of 非货币性资产交易nontradereceivables非贸易应收账款normalcapacity utilization 正常产能利用率normalcosting正常成本计算notespayable应付票据Oobject-orienteddatabase management system (OODBMS) 面向对象的数据库管理系统off-balance-sheetfinancing 资产负债表表外融资officesystems办公系统online(real-time) processing 在线（实时）处理onlineanalytical processing (OLAP)在线分析处理onlinetransaction processing (OLAP)在线交易处理operatingbudget 营运预算operatinglease 经营性租赁operatingsegment, reporting 营运部门报告operationcosting 营运成本operationalaudit 营运审计operationalproductivity营运生产力operational-levelinformation systems 营运水平信息系统operations 营运operationsand performance goals 营运与业绩目标opportunitycost机会成本overhead间接费用overheadbudget间接费用预算overheadrate, departmental部门间接费用分摊率overheadrate, plant-wide工厂范围内间接费用分摊率Ppacket,data 数据包paid-incapital (contributed capital)实缴资本parvalue stock面值股parallelstrategy (conversion/implementation)平行战略（转换/实施）Paretodiagram帕累托图partialproductivity部分生产力participativebudget (bottom-up or serf-imposed budget)参与式预算法participativestandards (cost)参与式标准（成本）pensionplan退休金计划pensionworksheet退休金计算表performancemeasurement reports业绩评价报告performancemeasures, establishing确立业绩指标performance,evaluating绩效评估periodcost期间成本periodicinventory system定期盘存制periodicity周期性permanentdifference永久性差异perpetualinventory system永续盘存制phasedapproach (conversion/implementation)阶段法physicalmeasure (units-of-production) method（单位产品）实物计量法pilotstudy (conversion/implementation)指引性学习plant-wideoverhead rate工厂范围内间接费用分摊率Point-to-PointTunneling Protocol )PPTP)点对点隧道协议post-saleservice售后服务practicalcapacity实际产能preferredstock优先股pretaxfinancial income税前收入price(rate)variance价格（汇率）差异primecost主要成本proforma balance sheet模拟资产负债表proforma financial statement模拟财务报表proforma income statement模拟损益表proforma schedule of cash disbursements模拟现金支付明细表proforma schedule of cash receipts模拟现金收入明细表proforma statement模拟报表processcosting分步成本法processcosting benefits and limitations分步成本法的优点与局限性processcosting cost flow分步成本法processdesign (systems)流程设计（系统）processexperts, budgeting预算流程专家processing,batch批量加工processing,online (real-time)在线处理（实时）productcost (inventoriable cost)产品成本productprofitability analysis产品盈利能力分析productionbudget生产预算productioncost report生产成本报告productivity生产力productivity,financial财务生产力productivity,operational营运生产力productivity,partial部分生产力productivity,total factor总因素生产力profitcenter利润中心profitabilityanalysis, business unit部门盈利能力分析profitabilityanalysis, customer顾客盈利能力分析profitabilityanalysis, product产品盈利能力分析projectbudgets 项目预算projectbudgets, advantages项目预算的优势promissorynote本票property,plant, and equipment (PP&E)财产、厂房及设备proxysolicitations委任，委任投票请求PublicCompany Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB)上市公司会计监察委员会purchaseaccounting采购会计Qquality质量qualityassurance (QA)质量保证qualityaudit质量审计qualityfunction deployment (QFD)质量函数配置Rreciprocalmethod 交叉分担法recordingand valuation记录与评估RegulationS-K S-K条列RegulationS-X S-X条列relationaldatabase management system (RDBMS) 关系数据库管理系统relativesales value method相对销售价值法relevantrange相关范围residualincome (RI)剩余收益resourceallocation资源分配responsibilityaccounting责任会计responsibility,assigning责任分配restrictedcash专用现金retailinventory method零售价盘存法returnon assets (ROA)资产回报率returnon equity (ROE)权益回报率returnon investment (ROI)投资回报率revenuecenter营业收入中心revenuerecognition营业收入的确认revenuerecognition and realization营业收入的确认与现实revenues营业收入revenues,unearned of deferred收入，未实现收入或递延收入reversesplit并股reviewservice审查服务rewards,assigning报酬分配rework返工ringnetwork环状网络Ssaleagreement销售协议salewith recourse有追索权的销售salewithout recourse无追索权的销售salesbudget销售预算salesforecast销售预测salespipeline销售渠道salesvalue at split-off method分离点法下的销售价值salesvolume variance销售量差异sales-typelease销售式租赁Sarbanes-OxleyAct of 2002 2002《萨班斯法案》scale规模scrap报废securedborrowing有担保借款securitization证券化segmentmargin部门毛利segmentreporting部门报告sellingand administrative expense budget销售与管理费用预算sensitivityanalysis敏感性分析servercomputer辅助计算机servicecompany服务企业short-termobjectives短期目标single-stepincome statement单步式损益表specificgoods pooled LIFO approach特殊商品后进先出法spoilage废品spoilage,in process costing 分步成本法下的废品spreadsheet电子数据表stand-alonecost allocation method独立成本分配法standardcosting标准成本法standardssources标准来源starnetwork星状网络statementof cash flow example现金流量表实例statementof cash flows现金流量表statementof earnings (income statement)收益表（损益表）statementof shareholders’ equity所有者权益变动表statement,pro forma模拟报表staticbudget静态预算statisticalcontrols统计控制stepcost阶梯成本step-downmethod按步向下分摊法stockoption认股权证straight-linemethod, depreciation直线折旧法strategicbusiness unit (SBU)战略性业务部门（SBU）strategicdecisions战略性决策strategic-levelinformation systems战略性水平信息系统structuralcost drivers结构性成本动因StructuredQuery Language (SQL)结构化查询语言successfulbudgeting成功的预算流程sunkcost沉没成本systemsdesign系统设计systemsdevelopment life cycle (SDLC)系统开发的寿命周期systemsdevelopment life cycle (SDLC), traditional 传统系统开发的寿命周期systems,decision support决策支持系统systems,expert专家系统systems,knowledge work知识工作系统systems,knowledge-level知识水平系统systems,management information管理信息系统systems,office办公系统systems,operational level information营运水平信息系统systems,transaction processing交易处理系统Ttaxliability, corporate 企业纳税义务taxableamount应税金额taxableincome应税所得technology技术temporarydifference暂时性差异theoreticalcapacity理论产能thinclient (application)瘦客户端topmanagement高级管理人员totalcost (mixed cost)总成本（混合成本）totalfactor productivity (TFP)总因素生产力totalquality management (TQM)全面质量管理tradediscounts商业折扣tradereceivables应收账款traditionalsystems development life cycle (SDLC)传统系统开发的寿命周期transactionprocessing system (TPS)交易处理系统transferpricing移转品定价transferpricing models移转品定价模式transferred-incosts转入成本treasurystock method库藏股票法two-stageallocation method 两阶段成本分摊制Uunfavorablevariance 不利差异userinterface design (systems) 用户界面设计Vvaluation,inventory存货计价value-addednetwork (VAN)增值网络variablecost变动成本variablecost model变动成本模式variablecosting变动成本法variablecosting, benefits and limitations变动成本法的优点与局限性variableoverhead costs变动间接成本variableoverhead variance变动间接费用差异varianceanalysis, variations on 差异分析的变化variance,favorable and unfavorable有利和不利差异virtualprivate network (VPN)公司专用内外互联网volume-basedcost drivers数量成本动因Wwarrantsand rights认股权证与权利warrantycosts, accounting for保修成本会计Webbrowser software浏览器软件weighted-averagemethod加权平均法widearea network (WAN)广域网wiretransfer电汇work-in-process(WIP) inventory半成品库存Zzero-basedbudget, strengths零基预算的优势zero-basedbudgeting零基预算zero-interest-bearingnote无息票据zero-interest-bearingnotes payable无息应付票据以上就是管理会计术语中英对照表，应该说已经比较全面了，希望对你有所帮助。
行政管理专业专用词汇英汉对照
行政管理专业专用词汇英汉对照行政管理专业专用词汇英汉对照1. administration 行政管理2. administrative procedures 行政程序3. administrative law 行政法4. administrative agency 行政机关5. administrative discretion 行政裁量权6. administrative tribunal 行政法庭7. administrative appeal 行政申诉8. administrative enforcement 行政执法9. administrative inspection 行政检查10. administrative supervision 行政监督11. administrative sanction 行政处罚12. administrative punishment 行政处分13. administrative contract 行政合同14. administrative order 行政命令15. administrative document 行政文件16. administrative rule 行政规则17. administrative regulation 行政法规18. administrative decision 行政决定19. administrative act 行政行为20. administrative power 行政权力21. administrative responsibility 行政责任22. administrative accountability 行政问责制23. public administration 公共行政24. public management 公共管理25. public policy 公共政策26. public finance 公共财政27. public service 公共服务28. public interest 公共利益29. public participation 公众参与30. public opinion 公众舆论31. public relations 公共关系32. public image 公共形象33. public trust 公共信任34. civil administration 民政35. civil service 公务员36. civil society 民间社会37. civil society organization 民间社会组织38. civil rights 公民权利39. civil liberties 公民自由40. civil law 民法41. civil liability 民事责任42. civil procedure 民事诉讼程序43. civil judgment 民事判决44. civil execution 民事执行45. civil mediation 民事调解46. civil arbitration 民事仲裁47. civil compensation 民事赔偿48. civil contract 民事合同49. civil code 民法典50. social administration 社会管理51. social policy 社会政策52. social welfare 社会福利53. social security 社会保障54. social insurance 社会保险55. social assistance 社会救助56. social work 社会工作57. social welfare organization 社会福利组织58. social responsibility 社会责任59. economic administration 经济管理60. economic policy 经济政策61. economic reform 经济改革62. economic development 经济发展63. economic growth 经济增长64. economic efficiency 经济效率65. economic globalization 经济全球化66. economic integration 经济一体化67. economic competition 经济竞争68. economic cooperation 经济合作69. economic integration 经济一体化70. economic regulation 经济调节71. economic supervision 经济监管72. economic security 经济安全73. economic law 经济法74. economic analysis 经济分析75. environmental administration 环境管理76. environmental policy 环境政策77. environmental protection 环境保护78. environmental education 环境教育79. environmental impact assessment 环境影响评价80. environmental auditing 环境审计81. environmental compensation 环保赔偿82. resources administration 资源管理83. resources policy 资源政策84. resources development 资源开发85. natural resources 自然资源86. land resources 土地资源87. mineral resources 矿产资源88. water resources 水资源89. forest resources 林业资源90. energy resources 能源资源91. technological administration 科技管理92. technological policy 科技政策93. technological innovation 科技创新94. technological upgrading 科技升级95. technological transfer 科技转移96. intellectual property 知识产权97. patent 专利98. trademark 商标99. copyright 版权100. information administration 信息管理101. information technology 信息技术102. information security 信息安全103. information management 信息管理104. information system 信息系统105. information resource 信息资源106. information network 信息网络107. information society 信息社会108. information industry 信息产业109. tourism administration 旅游管理110. tourism policy 旅游政策111. tourism development 旅游开发112. tourism marketing 旅游营销113. tourism service 旅游服务114. tourism product 旅游产品115. tourism resource 旅游资源116. tourism infrastructure 旅游基础设施117. legal administration 法律管理118. legal education 法律教育119. legal service 法律服务120. legal aid 法律援助121. legal advice 法律咨询122. legal assistance 法律协助123. legal liability 法律责任124. legal procedure 法律程序125. legal system 法律体系126. legal philosophy 法学哲学127. legal history 法律史128. legal theory 法律理论129. international administration 国际管理130. international law 国际法131. international relations 国际关系132. international organization 国际组织133. international cooperation 国际合作134. international negotiation 国际谈判135. international communication 国际交流136. international development 国际发展137. international trade 国际贸易138. international investment 国际投资139. diplomatic administration 外交管理140. diplomatic immunity 外交豁免141. diplomatic protocol 外交礼仪142. consular service 领事服务143. embassy 大使馆144. consulate 领事馆145. visa 签证146. passport 护照147. military administration 军事管理148. military strategy 军事战略149. military tactics 军事战术150. military organization 军队组织151. military logistics 军事后勤152. military intelligence 军事情报153. military diplomacy 军事外交154. military law 军事法律155. military training 军事训练156. disaster administration 灾害管理157. disaster prevention 灾害防治158. disaster relief 灾害救援159. emergency response 应急响应160. emergency management 应急管理161. emergency preparedness 应急准备162. public safety 公共安全163. national security 国家安全164. social stability 社会稳定165. public health 公共卫生166. healthcare administration 医疗管理167. healthcare policy 医疗政策168. healthcare reform 医疗改革169. healthcare service 医疗服务170. healthcare insurance 医疗保险171. healthcare resource 医疗资源172. healthcare system 医疗体系173. nursing care 护理照料174. disease prevention 疾病预防175. health inspection 卫生检查176. health education 卫生教育177. health promotion 卫生促进178. health management 卫生管理179. health statistics 卫生统计180. health research 卫生研究181. food safety 食品安全182. drug administration 药品管理183. traditional Chinese medicine 中药学184. public transport 公共交通185. urban transport 城市交通186. transportation policy 交通政策187. transportation planning 交通规划188. transportation infrastructure 交通基础设施189. transportation service 交通服务190. transportation safety 交通安全191. transportation efficiency 交通效率192. transportation network 交通网193. transportation technology 交通技术194. transportation economics 交通经济195. transportation law 交通法律196. education administration 教育管理197. education policy 教育政策198. education reform 教育改革199. education system 教育体系200. education curriculum 教育课程201. education quality 教育质量202. education investment 教育投资203. education administration organization 教育管理机构204. higher education 高等教育205. vocational education 职业教育206. adult education 成人教育207. special education 特殊教育208. private education 私立教育209. foreign education 国外教育210. cultural administration 文化管理211. cultural policy 文化政策212. cultural heritage 文化遗产213. cultural relics 文物214. cultural industry 文化产业215. cultural exchange 文化交流216. cultural diversity 文化多样性217. cultural identity 文化认同218. cultural construction 文化建设219. cultural innovation 文化创新220. sports administration 体育管理221. sports policy 体育政策222. sports events 体育赛事223. sports facility 体育设施224. sports coaching 体育教练225. sports medicine 体育医学226. sports science 体育科学227. media management 媒体管理228. media policy 媒体政策229. media regulation 媒体监管230. media ethics 媒体伦理231. media literacy 媒体素养232. media technology 媒体技术233. media convergence 媒体融合234. media industry 媒体产业235. media globalization 媒体全球化236. public opinion survey 舆情调查237. propaganda administration 宣传管理238. propaganda policy 宣传政策239. propaganda campaign 宣传活动240. cultural propaganda 文化宣传241. news propaganda 新闻宣传242. education propaganda 教育宣传243. science and technology propaganda 科技宣传244. tourism propaganda 旅游宣传245. environmental propaganda 环境宣传246. health propaganda 卫生宣传247. public service advertising 公益广告248. public relations management 公共关系管理249. public relations strategy 公共关系战略250. crisis management 危机管理251. stakeholder management 利益相关者管理252. investor relations 投资者关系253. community relations 社区关系254. employee relations 员工关系255. media relations 媒体关系256. government relations 政府关系257. corporate social responsibility 企业社会责任258. management science 管理科学259. management theory 管理理论260. management method 管理方法261. management technique 管理技术262. management practice 管理实践263. management innovation 管理创新264. management education 管理教育265. strategic management 战略管理266. operation management 运营管理267. marketing management 市场营销管理268. financial management 财务管理269. human resource management 人力资源管理270. information management 信息管理271. technology management 技术管理272. project management 项目管理273. quality management 质量管理274. risk management 风险管理275. innovation management 创新管理276. knowledge management 知识管理277. performance management 绩效管理278. decision-making 决策279. planning 计划280. organizing 组织281. staffing 人力资源管理282. directing 领导283. controlling 控制284. delegation 授权285. motivation 激励286. leadership 领导力287. communication 沟通288. teamwork 团队合作289. conflict management 冲突管理290. time management 时间管理291. stress management 压力管理292. coaching 教练293. mentoring 导师294. supervision 监督295. evaluation 评估296. feedback 反馈297. decision support 决策支持298. software engineering 软件工程299. network engineering 网络工程300. system analysis 系统分析总结：以上行政管理专业专用词汇英汉对照，涵盖了行政管理学科及相关领域中的重要术语，涉及到的范围比较广泛，子项也比较多，如果有需要真正用到某个领域的术语，需要进一步熟悉该领域专业知识，并结合实际情况进行运用。
管理学术语英文对照解释
管理学术语英文对照解释Management Glindex(Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter)(Eighth Edition)（英汉对照）管理学原理双语组编写2007年3月Chapter 1 Management and Organizations1、Manager：管理者Someone who works with and through other people by coordinating their work activities in order to accomplish organizational goals .管理者是这样的人，他通过协调其他人的活动达到与别人一起或者通过别人实现组织目标的目的。
2、First-line managers :基层管理者Managers at the lowest level of the organization who manage the work of nonmanagerial e mployees who are involved With the production or the organization’s products是管理着非管理人员所从事的生产和提供组织产品的工作，是最低层的管理者3、Middle managers :中层管理者Mangers between the first-line level and the top level of the organization who manage the work of first-line managers 处于基层和高层之间，管理着基层管理者。
4、Top manager :高层管理者Managers at or near the top level of the organization who are responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing the goals and plans that affect the entire organization.处于或接近组织顶层，承担着制定广泛的组织决策,为整个组织制定计划和目标的责任。
管理知识词汇英文怎么写
管理知识词汇英文怎么写在管理领域，理解和掌握一些基本的管理知识词汇是非常重要的。
本文将介绍一些常见的管理知识词汇以及它们的英文写法，帮助读者更好地理解和运用这些管理概念。
1. 组织管理•Organization Management 组织管理•Organizational Structure 组织结构•Organizational Behavior 组织行为•Organizational Culture 组织文化•Human Resource Management 人力资源管理•Talent Management 人才管理2. 领导与决策•Leadership 领导力•Decision-Making 决策•Strategic Management 战略管理•Change Management 变革管理•Risk Management 风险管理•Crisis Management 危机管理3. 绩效评估•Performance Management 绩效管理•Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) 关键绩效指标•Performance Appraisal 绩效评估•Balanced Scorecard 平衡计分卡•Continuous Improvement 持续改进4. 项目管理•Project Management 项目管理•Project Lifecycle 项目生命周期•Project Scope 项目范围•Project Budget 项目预算•Project Stakeholders 项目利益相关方•Agile Project Management 敏捷项目管理5. 沟通与协作•Communication 沟通•Teamwork 合作•Collaboration 协作•Conflict Resolution 冲突解决•Negotiation 谈判•Stakeholder Engagement 利益相关方参与6. 组织发展•Organizational Development 组织发展•Change Leadership 变革领导•Organizational Learning 组织学习•Knowledge Management 知识管理•Learning Organization 学习型组织通过了解和掌握以上提到的管理知识词汇及其英文写法，您将能更好地应用管理概念，提升在管理领域的专业能力。
管理类英语词汇
管理类英语词汇：提升职场沟通效率的关键1. Administration：行政管理负责组织、协调和监督公司的日常运营。
2. Benchmarking：标杆管理通过对比行业内外的优秀实践，提升自身管理水平。
3. Delegation：授权将任务分配给下属，提高团队工作效率。
4. Leadership：领导力指导、激励团队成员，实现组织目标。
5. Motivation：激励激发员工积极性，提高工作动力。
6. Performance Appraisal：绩效评估对员工的工作表现进行定期评价，以促进其成长。
7. Strategic Planning：战略规划为企业长远发展制定目标和计划。
8. Team Building：团队建设通过活动增进团队成员间的了解与合作。
9. Time Management：时间管理合理安排工作，提高工作效率。
10. Decisionmaking：决策在面临问题时，做出明智的选择。
当然，让我们进一步丰富这份文档，探索更多管理类英语词汇，以便在职场沟通中更加得心应手。
11. Change Management：变革管理指导企业在面对重大变革时，如何平稳过渡，确保员工和流程适应新环境。
12. Conflict Resolution：冲突解决识别并解决团队内部的分歧，维护和谐的工作氛围。
13. Critical Thinking：批判性思维在分析问题时，运用逻辑和推理，避免盲目接受信息。
14. Employee Engagement：员工参与度提升员工对工作的热情和投入程度，增强其对组织的忠诚度。
15. Goal Setting：目标设定为个人和团队设定清晰、可实现的短期和长期目标。
16. Innovation：创新鼓励新想法和方法的产生，推动企业持续发展。
17. Knowledge Management：知识管理确保企业内的知识和信息得到有效收集、共享和使用。
18. Organizational Development：组织发展通过改善组织结构、文化和流程，提升整体效能。
管理学专业词汇英中对照译文
AAction learning：行动学习Alternation ranking method：交替排序法Annual bonus：年终分红Application forms：工作申请表Appraisal interview：评价面试Aptitudes：资质Arbitration：仲裁Attendance incentive plan：参与式激励计划Authority：职权BBehavior modeling：行为模拟Behaviorally anchored rating scale (bars)：行为锚定等级评价法Benchmark job：基准职位Benefits：福利Bias：个人偏见Boycott：联合抵制Bumping/layoff procedures：工作替换/临时解雇程序Burnout：耗竭CCandidate-order error：候选人次序错误Capital accumulation program：资本积累方案Career anchors：职业锚Career cycle：职业周期Career planning and development：职业规划与职业发展Case study method：案例研究方法Central tendency：居中趋势Citations：传讯Civil Rights Act：民权法Classes：类Classification (or grading) method：归类（或分级）法Collective bargaining：集体谈判Comparable worth：可比价值Compensable factor：报酬因素Computerized forecast：计算机化预测Content validity：内容效度Criterion validity：效标效度Critical incident method：关键事件法DDavis-Bacon Act (DBA)：戴维斯―佩根法案Day-to-day-collective bargaining：日常集体谈判Decline stage：下降阶段Deferred profit-sharing plan：延期利润分享计划Defined benefit：固定福利Defined contribution：固定缴款Department of Labor job analysis：劳工部工作分析法Discipline：纪律Dismissal：解雇；开除Downsizing：精简EEarly retirement window：提前退休窗口Economic strike：经济罢工Edgar Schein：艾德加•施恩Employee compensation：职员报酬Employee orientation：雇员上岗引导Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) ：雇员退休收入保障法案Employee services benefits：雇员服务福利Employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) ：雇员持股计划Equal Pay Act：公平工资法Establishment stage：确立阶段Exit interviews：离职面谈Expectancy chart：期望图表Experimentation：实验Exploration stage：探索阶段FFact-finder：调查Fair day's work：公平日工作Fair Labor Standards Act：公平劳动标准法案Flexible benefits programs：弹性福利计划Flex place：弹性工作地点Flextime：弹性工作时间Forced distribution method：强制分布法Four-day workweek：每周4天工作制Frederick Taylor：弗雷德里克•泰罗Functional control：职能控制Functional job analysis：功能性工作分析法GGeneral economic conditions：一般经济状况Golden offerings：高龄给付Good faith bargaining：真诚的谈判Grade description：等级说明书Grades：等级Graphic rating scale：图尺度评价法Grid training：方格训练Grievance：抱怨Grievance procedure：抱怨程序Group life insurance：团体人寿保险Group pension plan：团体退休金计划Growth stage：成长阶段Guarantee corporation：担保公司Guaranteed fair treatment：有保证的公平对待Guaranteed piecework plan：有保障的计件工资制Gain sharing：收益分享HHalo effect：晕轮效应Health maintenance organization (HMO) ：健康维持组织IIllegal bargaining：非法谈判项目Impasse：僵持Implied authority：隐含职权Incentive plan：激励计划Individual retirement account (IRA) ：个人退休账户In-house development center：企业内部开发中心Insubordination：不服从Insurance benefits：保险福利Interviews：谈话；面谈JJob analysis：工作分析Job description：工作描述Job evaluation：职位评价Job instruction training (JIT) ：工作指导培训Job posting：工作公告Job rotation：工作轮换Job sharing：工作分组Job specifications：工作说明书John Holland：约翰•霍兰德Junior board：初级董事会LLayoff：临时解雇Leader attach training：领导者匹配训练Lifetime employment without guarantees：无保证终身解雇Line manager：直线管理者Local market conditions：地方劳动力市场Lockout：闭厂MMaintenance stage：维持阶段Management assessment center：管理评价中心Management by objectives (MBO) ：目标管理法Management game：管理竞赛Management grid：管理方格训练Management process：管理过程Mandatory bargaining：强制谈判项目Mediation：调解Merit pay：绩效工资Merit raise：绩效加薪Mid career crisis sub stage：中期职业危机阶段NNondirective interview：非定向面试OOccupational market conditions：职业市场状况Occupational orientation：职业性向Occupational Safety and Health Act：职业安全与健康法案Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) ：职业安全与健康管理局Occupational skills：职业技能On-the-job training (OJT) ：在职培训Open-door：敞开门户Opinion survey：意见调查Organization development(OD) ：组织发展Outplacement counseling：向外安置顾问PPaired comparison method：配对比较法Panel interview：小组面试Participant diary/logs：现场工人日记/日志Pay grade：工资等级Pension benefits：退休金福利Pension plans：退休金计划People-first values："以人为本"的价值观Performance analysis：工作绩效分析Performance Appraisal interview:工作绩效评价面谈Personnel (or human resource) management：人事（或人力资源）管理Personnel replacement charts：人事调配图Piecework：计件Plant Closing law：工厂关闭法Point method/Policies：政策Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ) ：职位分析问卷Position replacement cards：职位调配卡Pregnancy discrimination act：怀孕歧视法案Profit-sharing plan利润分享计划Programmed learning：程序化教学QQualifications inventories：资格数据库Quality circle：质量圈RRanking method：排序法Rate ranges：工资率系列Ratio analysis：比率分析Reality shock：现实冲击 Reliability：信度Retirement：退休Retirement benefits：退休福利Retirement counseling：退休前咨询Rings of defense：保护圈Role playing：角色扮演SSkip-level interview：越级谈话Social security：社会保障Speak up! ：讲出来！Special awards：特殊奖励Special management development techniques：特殊的管理开发技术Stabilization sub stage：稳定阶段Staff (service) function：职能（服务）功能Standard hour plan：标准工时工资Stock option：股票期权Straight piecework：直接计件制Strategic plan：战略规划Stress interview：压力面试Strictness/leniency：偏紧/偏松Strikes：罢工Structured interview：结构化面试Succession planning：接班计划Supplement pay benefits：补充报酬福利Supplemental unemployment benefits：补充失业福利Salary surveys：薪资调查Savings plan：储蓄计划Scallion plan：斯坎伦计划Scatter plot：散点分析Scientific management：科学管理Self directed teams：自我指导工作小组Self-actualization：自我实现Sensitivity training：敏感性训练Serialized interview：系列化面试Severance pay：离职金Sick leave：病假Situational interview：情境面试Survey feedback：调查反馈Sympathy strike：同情罢工System Ⅳ组织体系ⅣSystem I：组织体系ⅠTTask analysis：任务分析Team building：团队建设Team or group：班组Termination：解雇；终止Termination at will：随意终止Theory X：X理论Theory Y：Y理论Third-party involvement：第三方介入Training：培训Transactional analysis (TA) ：人际关系心理分析Trend analysis：趋势分析Trial sub stage：尝试阶段UUnsafe conditions：不安全环境Unclear performance standards：绩效评价标准不清Unemployment insurance：失业保险Unfair labor practice strike：不正当劳工活动罢工Unsafe acts：不安全行为VValidity：效度Value-based hiring：以价值观为基础的雇佣Vroom-Yetton leadership trainman：维罗姆-耶顿领导能力训练Variable compensation：可变报酬Vestibule or simulated training：新雇员培训或模拟Vesting：特别保护权Voluntary bargaining：自愿谈判项目Voluntary pay cut：自愿减少工资方案Voluntary time off：自愿减少时间WWage carve：工资曲线Work samples：工作样本Work sampling technique：工作样本技术Work sharing：临时性工作分担Worker involvement：雇员参与计划Worker's benefits：雇员福利。
管理学中英文单词对照
第一章管理总论Manager 管理者First-line managers 基层管理者Middle managers 中层管理者Top managers 高层管理者Management 管理Efficiency 效率Effectiveness 效果Planning 计划Organizing 组织Leading 领导Controlling 控制Management process 管理过程Management roles 管理角色Interpersonal roles 人际关系角色Informational roles 信息传递角色Decisional roles 决策制定角色Technical skills 技术技能Human skills 人事技能Conceptual skills 概念技能System 系统Closed systems 封闭系统Open systems 开放系统Environment 环境Special environment 具体环境General environment 一般环境Contingency perspective 权变观Organization 组织Universality of management 管理的普遍性Nonmanagerial employees / Operatives 操作者第二章管理的历史Division of labor 劳动分工Industrial revolution 产业革命Scientific management 科学管理Therbligs 基本动作元素General administrative theorists 一般行政管理理论家Principles of management 管理原则Bureaucracy 官僚行政组织、层级组织Quantitative approach 定量方法Organizational behavior (OB) 组织行为Hawthorne Studies 霍桑研究Workforce diversity 员工多样化Entrepreneurship 企业家e—business (electronic business) 电子商务e-commerce (electronic commerce）电子贸易、电子商务Intranet 内部互联网Total quality management (TQM）全面质量管理Learning organization 学习型组织Knowledge management 知识管理Workplace spirituality 团队精神第三章计划Decision 决策Decision-making process 决策过程Problem 问题Decision criteria 决策标准Implementation 实施Rational decision making 理性决策Bounded rationality 有限理性Satisficing 满意Escalation of commitment 承诺升级Intuitive decision making 直觉决策Well—structured problems 结构良好问题Programmed decision 程序化决策Procedure 程序Rule 规则Policy 政策Poorly structured problems 结构不良问题Nonprogrammed decisions 非程序化决策Certainty 确定性Risk 风险性Uncertainty 不确定性Directive style 指导性风格Analytic style 分析性风格Conceptual style 概念性风格Behavioral style 行为性风格Planning 计划Goals 目标Plans 计划Strategic plans 战略计划Operational plans 作业计划Long—term plans 长期计划Short-term plans 短期计划Specific plans 具体性计划Directional plans 指导性计划Single-use plan 单一目标计划Standing plans 标准计划Traditional goal setting 传统目标设定Means—ends chain 手段－结果链Management by objectives (MBO）目标管理Mission 使命Commitment concept 承诺概念Formal planning department 正式计划部门Strategic management 战略管理Strategic management process 战略管理过程Opportunities 机会Threats 威胁Core competencies 核心能力Strengths 优势Weaknesses 劣势SWOT analysis SWOT分析Corporate-level strategy 公司层战略Stability strategy 稳定战略Growth strategy 增长战略Related diversification 相关领域多元化经营Unrelated diversification 不相关领域多元化经营Retrenchment strategy 收缩战略BCG matrix BCG矩阵波士顿咨询集团矩阵Business-level strategy 事业层战略Strategic business units 战略经营单位Competitive advantage 竞争优势Cost leadership strategy 成本领先战略Differentiation strategy 差异化战略Focus strategy 集中化战略Functional-level strategy 职能层战略Environmental Scanning 环境扫描Competitor intelligence 竞争者情报、竞争者信息Forecasts 预测Quantitative forecasting 定量预测Qualitative forecasting 定性预测Forecasting Techniques 预测技术Benchmarking 基准化、标杆Resources 资源Budget 预算Revenue Budgets 收入预算Expense Budgets 费用预算Profit Budgets 利润预算Cash Budgets 现金预算Scheduling 进度计划、规划Gantt Charts 甘特图Load Charts 负荷图PERT network 计划评审技术网络Events 事件Activities 活动Slack time 松弛时间Critical path 关键线路Breakeven analysis 盈亏平衡分析Linear programming 线性规划Project 项目Project Management 项目管理Scenario 设想方案第四章组织Organizing 组织Organizational structure 组织结构Organizational design 组织设计Work specialization 劳动分工Departmentalization 部门化Functional departmentalization 职能部门化Product departmentalization 产品部门化Geographical departmentalization 地区部门化Process departmentalization 过程部门化Customer departmentalization 顾客部门化Cross-functional teams 跨职能团队Chain of command 指挥链Authority 职权Responsibility 职责Unity of command 统一指挥Span of control 管理幅度Centralization 集权化Decentralization 分权化Formalization 正规化Mechanistic organization 机械式组织Organic organization 有机式组织Unit production 单件生产Mass production 大量生产Process production 连续生产Simple structure 简单结构Functional structure 职能型结构Divisional structure 分部型结构Team—based structure 团队结构Matrix structure 矩阵结构Project structure 项目结构Autonomous internal units 内部自治单位Boundaryless organization 无边界组织Learning organization 学习型组织High—performance work practice 高绩效的工作实践Human resource management process 人力资源管理过程Labor union 工会Human resource planning 人力资源规划Job analysis 职务分析Job description 职务说明书Job specification 职务规范Recruitment 招聘Decruitment 解聘Selection process 甄选过程Validity 效度Reliability 信度Work sampling 工作抽样Assessment centers 测评中心Orientation 定向、导向Performance management system 绩效管理系统Written essay 书面描述法Critical incidents 关键事件法Graphic rating scales 评分表法Behaviorally anchored rating scales (BARS）行为定位评分法Multiperson comparisons 多人比较法Group order ranking 分组排序法Individual ranking 个体排序法Paired comparison 配对比较法360 degree feedback 360度反馈skill—based pay 按技能付酬Career 职业生涯、职业Organizational change 组织变革Change agents 变革推动者Organizational development （OD) 组织发展Stress 压力Creativity 创造Innovation 创新第五章领导Behavior 行为Organizational behavior 组织行为学Attitudes 态度Cognitive component 认知成分Affective component 情感成分Behavioral component 行为成分Job satisfaction 工作满意度Job involvement 工作投入Organizational commitment 组织承诺Organizational citizenship behavior （OCB) 组织公民行为Cognitive dissonance 认知失调Attitude surveys 态度调查Personality 人性Big—five model 重要的五大模型Emotional intelligence (EI）情感智商Locus of control 控制点Machiavellianism 马基雅维里主义Self-esteem 自尊Self-monitoring 自我监控Perception 知觉Attribution theory 归因理论Fundamental attribution error 基本归因错误Self-serving bias 自我服务偏见Selectivity 有选择地接受、选择性Assumed similarity 假设相似性Stereotyping 刻板印象Learning 学习Operant conditioning 操作性条件反射Social learning theory 社会学习理论Shaping behavior 行为塑造Motivation 动机Need 需要Hierarchy of needs theory 需要层次理论Physiological needs 生理需要Safety needs 安全需要Social needs 社会需要Esteem needs 尊重需要Self-actualization needs 自我实现需要Theory X X理论Theory Y Y理论Motivation—hygiene theory 激励－保健理论Hygiene factors 保健因素Motivators 激励因素Three—needs theory 三种需要理论Need for achievement (nAch) 成就需要Need for power (nPow）权力需要Need for affiliation (nAff）归属需要Goal—setting theory 目标设定理论Reinforcement theory 强化理论Reinforcers 强化物Job design 职务设计Job scope 职务范围Job enlargement 职务扩大化Job enrichment 工作丰富化Job depth 职务深度Job characteristic model (JCM）职务特征模型Skill variety 技能多样性Task identity 任务同一性Task significance 任务重要性Autonomy 自主性Feedback 反馈Equity theory 公平理论Referents 参照对象Expectancy theory 期望理论Compressed workweek 压缩工作周Flexible work hours 弹性工作制Job sharing 职务分担Contingent workers 应急工Telecommuting 电子通信，远程办公Pay—for performance programs 基于绩效的薪酬管理Open—book management 公开帐簿管理Leader 领导者Leadership 领导Behavioral theories 行为理论Autocratic style 权威式Democratic style 民主式Laissez—faire style 放任式Initiating structure 定规维度Consideration 关怀维度High-high leader 高－高型领导者Managerial grid 管理方格论Fiedler contingency model 菲德勒权变模型Least-preferred co—worker (LPC) questionnaire 最难共事者问卷Leader-member relations 领导者－成员关系,上下级关系Task structure 任务结构Position power 职位权力Situational leadership theory （SLT) 情景领导理论Readiness 准备状态Maturity 成熟度Leader participation model 领导者参与模型Path-goal theory 路径－目标理论Transactional leaders 事务型领导者Transformational leaders 变革型领导者Charismatic leader 超凡魅力的领导者Visionary leadership 愿景领导者Legitimate power 法定权Coercive power 强制权Reward power 奖赏权Expert power 专长权Referent power 模范权Credibility 可信度Trust 诚信、信任Empowerment 授权Communication 沟通Interpersonal communication 人际沟通Organizational communication 组织沟通Message 信息Encoding 编码Channel 通道、渠道Decoding 解码Communication process 沟通过程Noise 噪音Nonverbal communication 非言语沟通Body language 体态语言Verbal intonation 语调Filtering 过滤Selective perception 选择性知觉Information overload 信息超载Jargon 行话Active listening 积极倾听Formal communication 正式沟通Informal communication 非正式沟通Downward communication 下行沟通、向下交流Upward communication 上行沟通、向上交流Lateral communication 平行沟通、横向交流Diagonal communication 斜行沟通、越级交流Communication networks 沟通网络Grapevine 小道信息、谣言E—mail 电子邮件Instant messaging （IM) 即时信息Voice mail 声音邮件Fax 传真Electronic data interchange (EDI) 电子数据交换Teleconferencing 电信会议Videoconferencing 视频会议Intranet 内部互联网Extranet 外部互联网第六章控制Control 控制Market control 市场控制Bureaucratic control 官僚组织控制、层级控制Control process 控制过程Management by walking around (MBWA）走动式管理Range of variation 偏差范围Immediate corrective action 立即纠正行动Basic corrective action 彻底纠正行动Feedforward control 前馈控制Concurrent control 同期控制、现场控制Feedback control 反馈控制。
管理类名词中英文对照
管理类名词中英文对照5S : 5S管理ABC : 作业制成本制度(Activity-Based Costing)ABB : 实施作业制预算制度(Activity-Based Budgeting)ABM : 作业制成本管理(Activity-Base Management)APS : 先进规画与排程系统(Advanced Planning and Scheduling) ASP : 应用程序服务供货商（Application Service Provider）ATP : 可承诺量(Available To Promise)AVL : 认可的供货商清单(Approved Vendor List)BOM : 物料清单(Bill Of Material)BPR : 企业流程再造(Business Process Reengineering)BSC : 平衡记分卡(Balanced ScoreCard)BTF : 计划生产(Build To Forecast)BTO : 订单生产(Build To Order)CPM : 要径法(Critical Path Method)CPM : 每一百万个使用者会有几次抱怨(Complaint per Million)CRM : 客户关系管理(Customer Relationship Management)CRP : 产能需求规划(Capacity Requirements Planning)CTO : 客制化生产(Configuration To Order)DBR : 限制驱导式排程法(Drum-Buffer-Rope)DMT : 成熟度验证(Design Maturing Testing)DVT : 设计验证(Design Verification Testing)DRP : 运销资源计划(Distribution Resource Planning)DSS : 决策支持系统(Decision Support System)EC : 设计变更／工程变更(Engineer Change)EC : 电子商务(Electronic Commerce)ECRN : 原件规格更改通知(Engineer Change Request Notice)EDI : 电子数据交换(Electronic Data Interchange)EIS : 主管决策系统(Executive Information System)EMC : 电磁相容(Electric Magnetic Capability)EOQ : 基本经济订购量(Economic Order Quantity)ERP : 企业资源规划(Enterprise Resource Planning)FAE : 应用工程师(Field Application Engineer)FCST : 预估(Forecast)FMS : 弹性制造系统(Flexible Manufacture System)FQC : 成品质量管理(Finish or Final Quality Control)IPQC: 制程质量管理(In-Process Quality Control)IQC : 进料质量管理(Incoming Quality Control)ISO : 国际标准组织(International Organization for Standardization) ISAR: 首批样品认可(Initial Sample Approval Request)JIT : 实时管理(Just In Time)KM ：知识管理(Knowledge Management)L4L : 逐批订购法(Lot-for-Lot)管理类名词中英文对照（二）LTC : 最小总成本法(Least Total Cost)LUC : 最小单位成本(Least Unit Cost)MES : 制造执行系统(Manufacturing Execution System)MO : 制令(Manufacture Order)MPS : 主生产排程(Master Production Schedule)MRO : 请修(购)单(Maintenance Repair Operation)MRP : 物料需求规划(Material Requirement Planning)MRPII : 制造资源计划(Manufacturing Resource Planning) NFCF : 更改预估量的通知Notice for Changing ForecastOEM : 委托代工(Original Equipment Manufacture)ODM : 委托设计与制造(Original Design & Manufacture)OLAP : 在线分析处理(On-Line Analytical Processing)OLTP : 在线交易处理(On-Line Transaction Processing)OPT : 最佳生产技术(Optimized Production Technology)OQC : 出货质量管理(Out-going Quality Control)PDCA : PDCA管理循环(Plan-Do-Check-Action)PDM : 产品数据管理系统(Product Data Management)PERT : 计划评核术(Program Evaluation and Review Technique) PO : 订单(Purchase Order)POH : 预估在手量(Product on Hand)PR : 采购申请Purchase RequestQA : 品质保证(Quality Assurance)QC : 质量管理(Quality Control)QCC : 品管圈(Quality Control Circle)QE : 品质工程(Quality Engineering)RCCP : 粗略产能规划(Rough Cut Capacity Planning)RMA : 退货验收Returned Material ApprovalROP : 再订购点(Re-Order Point)SCM : 供应链管理(Supply Chain Management)SFC : 现场控制(Shop Floor Control)SIS : 策略信息系统(Strategic Information System)SO : 订单(Sales Order)SOR : 特殊订单需求(Special Order Request)SPC : 统计制程管制(Statistic Process Control)TOC : 限制理论(Theory of Constraints)TPM : 全面生产管理Total Production ManagementTQC : 全面质量管理(Total Quality Control)TQM : 全面品质管理(Total Quality Management)WIP : 在制品(Work In Process)BP 业务流程外包business process outsourcing.EAI: 企业应用集成enterprise application integrationMIS: 管理信息系统management information system 。
行政管理专业专用词汇英汉对照
行政管理专业专用词汇英汉对照行政管理专业专用词汇英汉对照随着全球化进程的加速，国际交流和贸易的不断增加，行政管理专业的重要性不断上升。
行政管理涉及到政府、企事业单位等公共机构的管理和运营，因此需要掌握一定的专业词汇。
下面，我们将对常见的行政管理专业词汇进行英汉对照。
1. Administration（行政管理）Administration是指组织和管理人力、物力、财力以及知识等方面的活动。
在行政管理中，该词用来指代公共机构的管理工作。
2. Governance（治理）Governance指的是政府、组织或公司在社会中的规则制定和实施。
在行政管理中，该词指代公共政策的制定和执行。
3. Accountability（问责制）Accountability指的是公共机构或政府应对公共的行政行为和决策做出解释和负责的制度。
4. Bureaucracy（官僚主义）Bureaucracy指的是官僚机构的规范化和规则化运作方式。
在行政管理中，该词用来指代政府内部的官僚机构运作方式。
5. Budget（预算）Budget是指政府、企事业单位等公共机构在一定周期内规划和准备的资金支出计划。
6. Policy（政策）Policy指的是政府或公共机构为达成特定目标而采取的标准和方式。
7. Regulation（规章制度）Regulation是制定并施行的政府、组织或公司等机构内部的规章制度。
在行政管理中，通过规章制度来规定各部门的权利和义务，保障公共机构的正常运作和公共利益的最大化。
8. Public Administration（公共行政）Public Administration是指公共机构组织、运作和控制中的原则、方法和技术。
在行政管理中，该词用来指代公共机构的管理过程和方法。
9. Red Tape（繁琐的程序）Red Tape指的是因为官僚主义而导致的繁琐的行政程序。
在行政管理中，该词用来指代政府或公共机构内部的决策和行动的繁琐程序。
(完整版)管理学—应用词汇中英文对照表
管理学词汇中英文对照Accou ntability 责任感Achievement-oriented leadership 成就取向型领导Activity ratio 活动比率Adaptive organization (horizontal corporation) 自适应组织Administrative management 行政管理Affiliation needs 归属的需要Aggregate planning 综合计戈UAlter native courses of acti on 可供选择的行动Artifacts人工环境Assessme nt cen ter 评价中心Assets资产Attitudes 态度Authority 职权Aut onomy 自治Bala nee sheet资产负债表BCG matrix波士顿咨询集团矩阵Behavior modificati on 行为修正Behavioral approach 行为法Behavioral decision model 行为决策模型Boundary-spanning roles 跨界角色Boun ded rati on ality 有限理性Brainstorming 头脑风暴法Breakeven analysis 头脑风暴法Budgets 预算Bureaucratic control 官僚控制Bureaucratic management 官僚管理Bus in ess ethics 商业道德Busi ness portfolio matrix 商业资产组合矩阵Busi ness strategy 商业策略Cash cows金钱牛Chain of comma nd 指挥链Changing 变革Charismatic authority 魅力权威模式Classical perspective 古典管理理论Closed system圭寸闭系统Code of ethics伦理规范Coercive power 强制力Cohesive ness 凝聚力Communication 沟通Communi cati on n etwork 沟通网Compensation 报酬Competitive advantage 竞争优势Computer-aided software engin eeri ng (CASE) 计算机辅助设计Conceptual skill 概念能力Concurrent control 并行控制Constraints强制，约束Contingency approaches 随即制宜法Contingency perspective 权变观Con ti ngency pla nning 随即计戈U Continuous schedule of reinforcement 连续性奖励Con ti nu ous-flow product ion system 连续生产系统controlling控制职能Controls 控制Corporate social responsibility 公司社会责任Corporate strategy 公司战略Cost leadership strategy 成本领先战略Current assets 流动资产Curre nt liabilities 流动负债Customer divisional structure 消费者多样化结构Data数据Debt ratios负债比率Decision making 决策Decision support system (DSS)决策制定系统Decision tree决策树(体系)Decision varialbes 决策变量decisional roles 决策角色Decoding 解码Delegation 授权Delphi technique魔鬼提倡法Devil's advocacy唱反调的人Dialectical inquiry 辩证探求法Differention strategy 差异化战略Directive leadership 指示领导Diversity多样化Divisional structure 部门是结构Dogs瘦狗Downward com muni cati on 下行沟通Dynamic network 动态网络Econo mic feasibility 经济可行性Effectiveness 效果Efficiency 效率Electro nic data in tercha nge (EDI) EDI 电子数据交换Electronic funds transfer (EFT)电子资金转换Electro nic mail (e-mail)电子邮件Employee assistanee programs (EAPs)员工辅助项目顾问Employee-centered work redesign 员工工作再设计Employment test 就业测试Empowering employees 职工授权Encoding 编码End users终极用户Entropy衰退趋势Escalation of commitment 递增效忠Esteem n eeds 尊重的需要Ethical behavior 道德表现Ethical dilemma 伦理困境Ethics伦理Expectancy 期望Expected monetary value (EMV)预期货币价值Expected value 预期价值Expert power专家权力Expert system专家系统Exter nal com muni cati on 夕卜部环境External customer 外部顾客External forces夕卜部力量Extinction 废止Feedback 反馈Feedback 反馈Feedback 反馈Feedback (corrective) control 反馈校正控制Feedback con trols 反馈控制Feedforward (preventive) control 前馈预防控制Feedforward controls 前馈控制Fixed assets固定资产Fixed-interval schedule 定时给奖Fixed-positi on layout 定位式布置Fixed-ratio schedule 定比给奖Focus strategy 集中战略Force-field analysis 立场分析Formal groups正式群体Functional manager 职能管理者Functional strategy 职能管理者Functional structure 职能式战略GE matrix职能式结构Gen eral environment —般环境General manager 总经理Generic strategies 一般性策略Geographic divisional structure 全球多样化战略Global strategy全球化战略Goal setting目标结构Goals目标Grand strategy 主战略Grapevine藤状网络式沟通Group群体Groupthink群体思想Groupware 群件Halo-and-horn effect 月晕效应Hawthorne effect 关注作用Huma n resource in formatio n systems (HRISs) 人力资源信息系统Huma n resource man ageme nt 人力资源管理Human resource planning 人力资源计戈U Human rights approach 人权方法Human skills 人工技巧Hybrid layout混合式布置Hygiene factors 保健因素hypercha nge极度改变In come stateme nt 损益表In formal groups 非正式群体Information 信息In formatio n overload 信息过量Information power 信息权力In formati on tech no logy 信息技术In formati onal roles 信息角色In puts投入Instrumental values 工具价值Instrumentality媒介;工具；手段Intangible costs 无形成本Integrating mechanisms 结合机制In terdepe ndence 互相依赖Internal customer 内部顾客Internal forces 内力Internal network 内部网络Interpersonal roles人际交往能力Intuition 直觉Jargon行话Job analysis工作分析；工种分析Job depth工作深度Job description 工作说明Job description 工作说明Job desig n工作设计Job enl argeme nt工作扩大化Job enrichment工作丰富化Job rotation岗位轮换Job satisfaction 工作满意Job scope工作丰富化Job specifications工作规范；操作规程Job-shop production system 职务专业化Justice approach公正合理观Just-in-time (JIT) inventory management 及时存货系统Labor-management relations 劳工管理关系Lan guage systems and metaphors 语言习惯Lateral com muni cati on 横向沟通Law of effect效应法则Law of requisite variety 必要多样性定律Leadership 领导Leadership substitutes 领导替代leading 领导Least preferred coworker (LPC)scale 最不喜欢的同事Legitimate power 法定权禾ULiabilities 负债Line personnel线形人事管理Liquidity ratios 流动率Local-area network (LAN) 局域网Locus of control 控制点Locus of decisi on making 局域网Lon g-term liabilities 长期债务Machiavellian personality 马基雅弗利人格理论Management 管理Management by exception 例外管理Man ageme nt by objectives (MBO) 目标管理责任制Man ageme nt in formatio n system (MIS) 信息管理系统Man agers 经理Master product ion schedule 主生产排程Matket growth rate 市场增长率Matrix structure 矩阵结构Mechanistic systems 机械式组织Medium载体Messages 消息Motivatio n 激励Motivator factors 激励因素Multidomestic strategy 多元化策略Myths虚构的故事Need for achievement 成就需要Negative reinforcement 消极强化Network structure 网络结构Noise噪声Nomi nal group tech nique (NGT) 名义群体技术Non programmed decisi on 非程序化决策Non verbal com mun icati ona 非语言沟通Norms标准;规范;典范;限额Objectives 目标Objectives fun ctio n 目标函数Ope n system开放系统Operatio nal feasibility 造作可行性Operational plan 作业计划Operational planing作业计划职能Opportunity 机遇Oral com muni cati on 口头交流Organic (cla n) con trol 有机控制Organic system 有机系统organization组织安排Organizational change 组织变革Organi zati onal con trol 组织控制Organizational culture 组织文化Organizational design 住址决策Orga nizatio nal developme nt (OD) 组织发展Orga ni zatio nal feasibility 组织可行性Organizational mission 组织使命Organizational structure 组织结构Organizing 组织Orientation 定位Outputs 产出Owner's equity所有者权益Partial schedule of reinforcement 间断性奖励Participative leadership 参与型领导Participative management 参与管理Path-goal model途径-目标模型Payoff table 决定(因素)表;结算表咸果表Payoffs发工资Performanee appraisal 绩效考评Personality 性格PERT(program Evaluati on and review technique)计划审评技术Physiological needs 生理的需要Plan计划planning计划，部署Policies 政策Pooled in terdepe ndence 共有相互依存Positive reinforcement 正强化Power权利Problem 问题Procedures 程序Process con sultati on 过程咨询Process layout工艺式布置Product divisio nal structure 生产部门式结构Product layout产品式布置Productivity 生产力Profitability ratios 收益比率Programmed decision 程序化决策Programs 规划Project product ion system 工程生产系统Projects 项目Protected class 受保护一类Punishment 惩罚Quality assura nee 质量保证Quality circle QC 小组Quality control质量管理；质量控制Quality management 质量管理Question marks 问号Rati on al-ec ono mic decisi on model 理性经济决策模型Ratio nal-legal authority 法理权威模式Reciprocal interdependence 交互性的互赖性Recruitment 招聘Reengineering 工程再造Referent power 指示权力Refreezing再冻结阶段Relati on ship orie ntati on 关系导向Relationship-orientation roles 关系导向角色Relative market share 相关市场份额Repetitive, assembly-l ine, or mass-product ion system重复性、流水线、大量生产系统Responsibility 职责Restraining forces 阻力Reward power奖励权力Rites仪式Robotics机器人技术Roles任务，角色Rules规则Satisficing 满意性Scalar principle 等级原则Schedules of reinforcement 强化时间表Scientific management 科学管理Security needs安全的需要Selection 选拔Selective perception 选择性理解Self-actualization needs 自我实现需要Self-esteem 自尊Self-management teams 自我管理小组Self-management teams 自我管理小组Self-mo nitori ng 自我控制Self-oriented roles自我取向角色Seque ntial in terdepe ndence 顺序式互赖Sexual harassme nt 性骚扰Sin gle-use pla ns —次性计划Skill vareity多种技能SLT model情境领导模型Social context社会关联性Span of control控制幅度，管理幅度Special-purpose team 特殊目标小组Stable environment 环境稳定Stable network 稳固网络Staff personnel员工人事管理Staffing人员雇佣；职工配备Stakeholders利益相关者Standing pla ns 长设计戈UStars明星States of nature 自然状态Stereotyping 典型化Stories 事迹Strategic analysis 战略分析Strategic control 战略控制Strategic decision-making matrix 战略决策矩阵Strategic goals 战略目标Strategic plan 战略计划Strategic plan 战略计划Strategic planning战略计划职能Strategic planning战略计划职能Strategy formulation 战略制定Strategy Implementation 战略实施Supportive leadership 支持型领导Survey feedback 调查反馈Synergy共同作用Systems analysis 系统分析Systems developme nt life cycle (SDLC) 发展周期系统Tan gible costs可收回成本Task environment 任务环境Task identity任务说明Task orientation任务导向型Task significanee 任务重要性Task-oriented roles任务导向型角色Team building团队建设Technical feasibility 技术可行性Technical skills 技术技能Telecommuting 远程办公Term in al values 终极价值Theory X (管理)X理论Theory Y (管理)Y理论Theory Z (管理)Z理论Total quality management (TQM) TQM 全面质里官理Total quality management (TQM) TQM 全面质里官理Traditio nal authority 传统权威模式Training 培训Trait approach 特征途径Transaction al leadership 执行性领导Transformation process 变革过程Turbulent environments 动荡环境Type A orientation A 型意向者Type B orientation B 型意向者Unfreezing 解冻Un ity of comma nd 统一指挥Upward com muni cati on 上行沟通Utility 即proach 功利主义观Vale nee 效价Validity 效度Values价值Variable-ratio schedule 变动比率增时制Varianee reporting 视频会议Videoconferencing 视频会议Vigilanee 警戒Whistleblower 揭发Wide-area network (WAN) 局域网Writte n com mun icatio n 笔头交流。
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管理最常用术语英汉对照表目标mission/ objective 集体目标group objective内部环境internal environment 外部环境external environment计划planning 组织organizing人事staffing 领导leading控制controlling 步骤process原理principle 方法technique经理manager 总经理general manager行政人员administrator 主管人员supervisor企业enterprise 商业business产业industry 公司company效果effectiveness 效率efficiency企业家entrepreneur 权利power职权authority 职责responsibility科学管理scientific management 现代经营管理modern operational management 行为科学behavior science 生产率productivity激励motivate 动机motive法律law 法规regulation经济体系economic system 管理职能managerial function产品product 服务service利润profit 满意satisfaction归属affiliation 尊敬esteem自我实现self-actualization 人力投入human input盈余surplus 收入income成本cost 资本货物capital goods机器machinery 设备equipment建筑building 存货inventory经验法the empirical approach 人际行为法the interpersonal behavior approach集体行为法the group behavior approach 协作社会系统法the cooperative social systems approach社会技术系统法the social-technical systems approach 决策理论法the decision theory approach数学法the mathematical approach 系统法the systems approach 随机制宜法the contingency approach 管理任务法the managerial roles approach经营法the operational approach 人际关系human relation心理学psychology 态度attitude压力pressure 冲突conflict招聘recruit 鉴定appraisal选拔select 培训train报酬compensation 授权delegation of authority协调coordinate 业绩performance考绩制度merit system 表现behavior下级subordinate 偏差deviation检验记录inspection record 误工记录record of labor-hours lost销售量sales volume 产品质量quality of products先进技术advanced technology 顾客服务customer service策略strategy 结构structure领先性primacy 普遍性pervasiveness忧虑fear 忿恨resentment士气morale 解雇layoff批发wholesale 零售retail程序procedure 规则rule规划program 预算budget共同作用synergy 大型联合企业conglomerate资源resource 购买acquisition增长目标growth goal 专利产品proprietary product竞争对手rival 晋升promotion管理决策managerial decision 商业道德business ethics有竞争力的价格competitive price 供货商supplier小贩vendor 利益冲突conflict of interests派生政策derivative policy 开支帐户expense account批准程序approval procedure 病假sick leave休假vacation 工时labor-hour机时machine-hour 资本支出capital outlay现金流量cash flow 工资率wage rate税收率tax rate 股息dividend现金状况cash position 资金短缺capital shortage总预算overall budget 资产负债表balance sheet可行性feasibility 投入原则the commitment principle 投资回报return on investment 生产能力capacity to produce实际工作者practitioner 最终结果end result业绩performance 个人利益personal interest福利welfare 市场占有率market share创新innovation 生产率productivity利润率profitability 社会责任public responsibility董事会board of director 组织规模size of the organization组织文化organizational culture 目标管理management by objectives评价工具appraisal tool 激励方法motivational techniques 控制手段control device 个人价值personal worth优势strength 弱点weakness机会opportunity 威胁threat个人责任personal responsibility 顾问counselor定量目标quantitative objective 定性目标qualitative objective可考核目标verifiable objective 优先priority工资表payroll策略strategy 政策policy灵活性discretion 多种经营diversification评估assessment 一致性consistency应变策略consistency strategy 公共关系public relation价值value 抱负aspiration偏见prejudice 审查review批准approval 主要决定major decision分公司总经理division general manager 资产组合距阵portfolio matrix明星star 问号question mark现金牛cash cow 赖狗dog采购procurement 人口因素demographic factor地理因素geographic factor 公司形象company image产品系列product line 合资企业joint venture破产政策liquidation strategy 紧缩政策retrenchment strategy战术tactics追随followership 个性individuality性格personality 安全safety自主权latitude 悲观的pessimistic静止的static 乐观的optimistic动态的dynamic 灵活的flexible抵制resistance 敌对antagonism折中eclectic激励motivation 潜意识subconscious地位status 情感affection欲望desire 压力pressure满足satisfaction 自我实现的需要needs for self-actualization尊敬的需要esteem needs 归属的需要affiliation needs 安全的需要security needs 生理的需要physiological needs维持maintenance 保健hygiene激励因素motivator 概率probability强化理论reinforcement theory 反馈feedback奖金bonus 股票期权stock option劳资纠纷labor dispute 缺勤率absenteeism人员流动turnover 奖励reward特许经营franchise 热诚zeal信心confidence 鼓舞inspire要素ingredient 忠诚loyalty奉献devotion 作风style品质trait 适应性adaptability进取性aggressiveness 热情enthusiasm毅力persistence 人际交往能力interpersonal skills行政管理能力administrative ability 智力intelligence专制式领导autocratic leader 民主式领导democratic leader 自由放任式领导free-rein leader 管理方格图the managerial grid工作效率work efficiency 服从obedience领导行为leader behavior 支持型领导supportive leadership 参与型领导participative leadership 指导型领导instrumental leadership成就取向型领导achievement-oriented leadership。