word level test1
剑桥雅思7test1passage2word版本
剑7 test 1 passage 2 making every drop countQuestion 14-20Reading Passage 2 has seven paragraphs, A–H.Choose the correct heading for paragraphs A and B–H from the list of headings below.Drag the correct number, i-ix into boxes 14-20 on your answer sheet.List of HeadingsⅠ. Scientists' call for a revision of policyⅡ. An explanation for reduced water useⅢ. How a global challenge was metⅣ. Irrigation systems fall into disuseⅤ. Environmental effectsⅥ. The financial cost of recent technological improvementsⅦ. The relevance to healthⅧ. Addressing the concern over increasing populationsⅨ. A surprising downward trend in demand for waterⅩ. The need to raise standardsⅪ. A description of ancient water supplies14. Paragraph A15. Paragraph C16. Paragraph D17. Paragraph E18. Paragraph F19. Paragraph G20. Paragraph HA.The history of human civilisation is entwined with the history of the ways we have learned tomanipulate water resources. As towns gradually expanded, water was brought from increasingly remote sources, leading to sophisticated engineering efforts such as dams and aqueducts. At the height of the Roman Empire, nine major systems, with an innovative layout of pipes and well-built sewers, supplied the occupants of Rome with as much water per person as is provided in many parts of the industrial world today.B.During the industrial revolution and population explosion of the 19th and 20th centuries, thedemand for water rose dramatically. Unprecedented construction of tens of thousands ofmonumental engineering projects designed to control floods, protect clean water supplies,and provide water for irrigation and hydropower brought great benefits to hundreds ofmillions of people. Food production has kept pace with soaring populations mainly because of the expansion of artificial irrigation systems that make possible the growth of 40 % of the world's food. Nearly one fifth of all the electricity generated worldwide is produced byturbines spun by the power of falling water.C.Yet there is a dark side to this picture: despite our progress, half of the world's population stillsuffers, with water services inferior to those available to the ancient Greeks and Romans. As the United Nations report on access to water reiterated in November 2001, more than one billion people lack access to clean drinking water; some two and a half billion do not haveadequate sanitation services. Preventable water-related diseases kill an estimated 10,000 to 20,000 children every day, and the latest evidence suggests that we are falling behind in efforts to solve these problems.D.The consequences of our water policies extend beyond jeopardising human health. Tens ofmillions of people have been forced to move from their homes - often with little warning orcompensation - to make way for the reservoirs behind dams. More than 20% of all fresh water fish species are now threatened or endangered because dams and water withdrawals have destroyed the free-flowing river ecosystems where they thrive. Certain irrigation practices degrade soil quality and reduce agricultural productivity. Groundwater aquifers*are being pumped down faster than they are naturally replenished in parts of India, China, theUSA and elsewhere. And disputes over shared water resources have led to violence and continue to raise local, national and even international tensions.E.At the outset of the new millennium, however, the way resource planners think about water isbeginning to change. The focus is slowly shifting back to the provision of basic human andenvironmental needs as top priority -ensuring 'some for all, 'instead of 'more for some'. Some water experts are now demanding that existing infrastructure be used in smarter ways rather than building new facilities, which is increasingly considered the option of last, not first, resort. This shift in philosophy has not been universally accepted, and it comes with strongopposition from some established water organisations. Nevertheless, it may be the only way to address successfully the pressing problems of providing everyone with clean water to drink, adequate water to grow food and a life free from preventable water-related illness.F.Fortunately -and unexpectedly - the demand for water is not rising as rapidly as somepredicted. As a result, the pressure to build new water infrastructures has diminished over the past two decades. Although population, industrial output and economic productivity have continued to soar in developed nations, the rate at which people withdraw water from aquifers, rivers and lakes has slowed. And in a few parts of the world, demand has actuallyfallen.G.What explains this remarkable turn of events? Two factors: people have figured out how touse water more efficiently, and communities are rethinking their priorities for water use.Throughout the first three-quarters of the 20th century, the quantity of freshwater consumed per person doubled on average; in the USA, water withdrawals increased tenfold while thepopulation quadrupled. But since 1980, the amount of water consumed per person hasactually decreased, thanks to a range of new technologies that help to conserve water in homes and industry In 1965, for instance, Japan used approximately 13 million gallons* ofwater to produce $1 million of commercial output; by 1989 this had dropped to 3.5 milliongallons (even accounting for inflation) - almost a quadrupling of water productivity. In theUSA, water withdrawals have fallen by more than 20 % from their peak in 1980.H.On the other hand, dams, aqueducts and other kinds of infrastructure will still have to be built,particularly in developing countries where basic human needs have not been met. But such projects must be built to higher specifications and with more accountability to local peopleand their environment than in the past. And even in regions where new projects seem warranted, we must find ways to meet demands with fewer resources, respecting ecological criteria and to a smaller budget.Question 21-26Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 2?In boxes 21-26 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage21 Water use per person is higher in the industrial world than it was in Ancient Rome.22 Feeding increasing populations is possible due primarily to improved irrigation systems.23 Modern water systems imitate those of the ancient Greeks and Romans.24 Industrial growth is increasing the overall demand for water.25 Modern technologies have led to a reduction in domestic water consumption.26 In the future, governments should maintain ownership of water infrastructures.。
Test1答案
Test1(A)答案21．B 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．B 28．C 29．D 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．B 36．B 37．A 38．D 39．C 40．B 41．A 42．D 43．C 44．A 45．C 46．B 47．A 48．D 49．B 50．C Test1(B)答案51. B 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. C 56.A 57. D 58. C59. D 60.B 61. C 62. A63. D 64.B 65.C 66. C 67. B 68.B 69.D 70. C71. the door shut考查要点：独立主格结构。
本题属基础题，考生丢分不多。
正确率：73.58% 考生常见错误：①the door was shut动词形式用错。
这里不能用完整的句子来表达②the door shutting; the door being shut非谓语动词的使用错误。
“门”与“关”是动宾关系，应该用过去分词而不是现在分词表示被动含义，也不可用现在分词的被动语态。
③shutting the door没有掌握with独立主格结构④其他错误，比如名词door前掉了冠词the，或动词shut后加了不必要的副词down、off、up等。
在表达时要注意汉语信息，不要画蛇添足。
72. (of) what he‟s talking about考查要点：考查宾语从句、现在进行时和动词短语。
正确率：49.05%。
本题属中等难度题，考生丢分较多。
考生常见错误：①动词时态错误，使用一般过去时、现在完成时的较多②连词使用错误。
这里用what引导宾语从句，连词在从句中做动词短语talk about 的宾语，使用其他连词都是错误的。
73. that he has failed (for) several times考查要点：同位语从句和现在完成时。
BEC初级--阅读课程电子版教材word资料26页
BEC初级--阅读课程电⼦版教材word资料26页BEC初级阅读讲义主讲：⽥冲欢迎使⽤新东⽅在线电⼦教材第⼀课时BEC简介Part 1 理解句义题Test 1READINGPART ONEQuestions 1-5Look at questions 1-5.In each question, which sentence is correct?For each question, mark one letter (A, B or C) on your Answer Sheet.A B C which of the courses they have decided to do.Test 2READINGPART ONEQuestions 1-5● Look at questions 1-5.● In each question, which sentence is correct?● For each question, mark one letter (A, B or C) on your Answer Sheet.C will supervise training.4 5 Test 3READINGQuestions 1-5●Look at questions 1-5.●In each question, which sentence is correct?●For each question, mark one letter (A, B or C) on your Answer Sheet.●In each question, which sentence is correct?●For each question, mark one letter (A, B or C) on your Answer Sheet. 1B MarketingC AdministrationC At present there is no charge for changing foreign money.C Businesses are renting out empty office space to help their falling profits.第⼆课时test 1PART TWOQuestions 6-10 ● Look at the list below. It shows a number of business training courses.● For questions 6-10, decide which training course (A-H) each person on the opposite page needs.● For each question, mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet.● Do not use any letter more than once.some to meet PART TWO● Look at the list below. It shows the titles of chapters from a book about management.● For questions 6-10, decide which chapter (A-H) each person on the opposite page should read.● For each question, mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet.● Do not use any letter more than once.contracts with78on how to avoid9company ’s promotion ’s skillsPART TWOQuestions 6-10● Look at the list below. It shows a number of tasks that staff need to do in order to organize an anniversary part for their company.● For questions 6-10, decide which task (A-H) would be most suitable for each person on the opposite page.● For each question, mark the correct letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet.● Do not use any letter more than once.6 7 fora8 9 10 Test 4PART TWOQuestions 6-10● Look at the contents page below. It shows the titles of eight different sections of a business directory.● For questions 6-10, decide which section of the directory (A-H) each person on the opposite page should look at● For each question, mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet.● Do not use any letter more than once.6789Look at the notice below. It shows the departments in a company.For questions 1-5, decide which department A-H each employee should contact.For each question, mark one letter A-H on your Answer Sheet.1.Ms. Williams needs to send a large order to an important customer in the USA. 2.John Carter needs extra staff to help with an unexpected order. 3.Mr. Wales wants to discuss advertising for his new product. 4.Mary Walden thinks she has been charged too much tax on her pay. 5. Jan Whittaker has a box of faulty goods which a shop has sent back.第三课时Part 3 看图搭配问题的句⼦结构：主语（名词）+ 谓语动词+副词+时间状语通常作主语的名词：sales ，profit ，turnover ，share ，price谓语动词：1. 表⽰上升状态的动词：up ，go up/be up ，rise ，increase ，advance ，jump ，leap ，grow ，climb ，soar ，surge ，rocket ，lift，improve，balloon，bulge，be robust，closed higher，be an all time high，reach a peak2. 表⽰下降的词：down，be down/go down，drop，fall，decrease，decline，dip，plunge，weak，lose，be an alltime low，reach a trough3. 表⽰反弹的词：rally，recover，rebound，bounce4. 表⽰保持不变的词：be/keep/stay/remain + still/steady/stable/constant/maintained，level off5. 表⽰波动，不稳定的词：be uncertainty，be flexible，bechangeable，fluctuate，fluctuation，volatile 副词：1. 表⽰程度⼤的词：sharp/sharply，only，increasingly，considerably dramatically，prominently，substantially，apparently，obviously2. 表⽰程度⼩的词：little，small，tiny，hardly，narrowly时间状语：表⽰⼀段时间的：within the period，throughout the period表⽰开始：at the start / beginning of the period表⽰在中间：in the middle of the period表⽰在结尾：at the end of the period表⽰在余下的时间内：at the remaining / rest of the period做题顺序：1. 读第⼀个做题说明2. 读图表的标题和图例说明3. 读表的横坐标和纵坐标4. 看问题Test 1PART THREEQuestions 11-15●Look at the chart below. It shows a company’s performance on the London stockmarket during 10 working days.●Which day does each sentence (11-15) on the opposite page describe?●For each sentence, mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet.●Do not use any letter more than once.STOCK MARKET PERFORMANCE11At the close of this day’s trading, shares dipped just below 630 pence, despite achieving higher levels throughout the rest of the day.12On this day share prices closed considerably lower than the previous working day, with the fluctuation between high and low being at its greatest.13Shares closed at their lowest value of the day’s trading, but narrowly avoided the worst performance of the period.14Shares closed at a higher value than the precious two days, although around 17 pence down on the high point for the day. 15During this day shares rose and fell within only a narrow margin and closed in the middle of the range, before falling sharply at the end of the following day.Test 2PART THREEQuestions 11-15●Look at the charts below. They show Internet sales compared to High Street sales ofholidays offered by eight different travel companies during a three-year period.●Which chart does each sentence (11-15) on the opposite page describe?●For each sentence, mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet.●Do not use any letter more than once.11 Although Internet sales started higher than High Street sales, they lost that lead when both dipped in the middle of the period.12 High Street sales and Internet sales reached their peak in the middle of the period, butInternet sales declined more sharply at the end.13While both High Street and Internet sales rose throughout the period, High Street sales saw their greater increase in the middle year.14Both Internet and High Street sales dipped in the middle of the period, with the Internet always achieving fewer sales than the High Street.15High Street sales fell from their early high point to equal Internet sales, and both then remained level at the end of the period.Test 3PART THREEQuestions 11-15●Look at the table and charts below. They show the market share, annual turnover and shareprices for eight electronics manufacturing companies between 2019 and 2019.●Which company does each sentence (11-15) describe?●For each sentence, mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet.●Do not use any letter more than once.TURNOVER(￡ MILLION)MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM SHARE PRICES (￡) 2019-201911This company’s share price ended the period lower than it started, its market share declined sharply, and its turnover also dropped.12Although this company’s market share declined over the period, its turnover almost doubled and the share price closed higher than it opened.13Despite increasing its turnover, this company was unable to keep its strong market share,which, like its share price, ended below its 2019 level.14Shares in this company ended the period close to matching their best performance, while market share and turnover rose from already strong positions.15While this company’s market share and turnover increased slightly from low levels, its share price closed well below its maximum value of the period.第四课时TEST3 PART THREEQuestions 11-15●Look at the table and charts below. They show the market share, annual turnover and shareprices for eight electronics manufacturing companies between 2019 and 2019.●Which company does each sentence (11-15) describe?●For each sentence, mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet.●Do not use any letter more than once.MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM SHARE PRICES (￡) 2019-201911This company’s share price ended the period lower than it started, its market share declined sharply, and its turnover also dropped.12Although this company’s market share declined over the period, its turnover almost doubled and the share price closed higher than it opened.13Despite increasing its turnover, this company was unable to keep its strong market share, which, like its share price, ended below its 2019 level.14Shares in this company ended the period close to matching their best performance, while market share and turnover rose from already strong positions.15While this company’s market share and turnover increased slightly from low levels, its share price closed well below its maximum value of the period.TEST4 PART THREEQuestions 11-15●Look at the charts below. They show profits before tax and profit margins foreight different companies from 2019 to 2019.●Which chart does each sentence (11-15) describe?●For each sentence, mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet.●Do not use any letter more than once11The company’s profit margins have decreased over the most recent years, while profits before tax have maintained asteady rise since 2019.12In 2019 the company both regained its 2019 level of profits before tax and also mangged to improve profit margins. 132019 say a great improvement in profits before tax but the company’s profit margins remained unchanged at the end of the company.14The last five years have seen alternate rises and falls in profits before tax, at the same time as fluctuating profit margins for the company.15Even though the company reached record levels of both profits before tax and profit margins in 2019,neither of these was maintained.TEST1 PART FOURQuestions 16-22●Read the article below about a self-employed journalist.●Are sentences 16-22 on the opposite page ‘Right’or ‘Wrong’? If there is not enoughinformation to answer ‘Right’ or ‘Wrong’, choose ‘Doesn’t say’.●For each sentence (16-22), mark one letter (A, B or C) on your Answer Sheet.Sally Patterson, journalistL ast year, Sally Patterson left her permanent job with a newspaper and is now a self-employed journalist. Why did she do it? 'I had no control over my work,' she says, 'and that mattered more to me than earning lots of money. Actually, leaving my job wasn't as difficult as I'd expected, because I already had plenty of contacts in the publishing industry. Unlike my last job, though, I'm mostly in touch with the magazines and newspap ers I write for by email, and as I don't work in an office, I may not see anyone for days. But that's a welcome relief!’Isn't it hard being self- employed? 'The biggest danger when you become self-employed is saying "yes" to everything,' Sally says. 'I make sure I turn work down if I haven't got the time for it. And that's a question of planning: I spend an hour every week working out what I'm doing for the next few months’.And what about the benefits? 'Well, at the newspaper I always concentrated on economic matters, but now I can choose to work on a wider range of projects than before. And being my own boss has made me feel more confident about the other areas of my life, too.'16Sally left her last job because she wanted to make decisions about her work herself.A RightB WrongC Doesn't say17 Her colleagues in publishing thought that being self-employed would be difficult for her.A RightB WrongC Doesn't say18 She would prefer to share an office with other people.A RightB WrongC Doesn't say19 She needs to accept all the work she is offered.A RightC Doesn't say20 Most self-employed journalists find it difficult to plan ahead.A RightB WrongC Doesn't say21 Sally specializes more now than she did in her last job.A RightB WrongC Doesn't say22 Self-employment has affected Sally's attitude to life.A RightB WrongC Doesn't say第五课时TEST2 PART FOURQuestions 16-22●Read the article below about a hair products business.●Are sentences 16-22 on the opposite page ‘Right’or ‘Wrong’? If there is not enoughinformation to answer ‘Right’ or ‘Wrong’, choose ‘Doesn’t say’.●For each sentence (16-22), mark one letter (A, B or C) on your Answer Sheet.Louise Wood’s Success StoryThree years ago, Louise Wood set up her own hair products company. She soon found she had more orders than she could handle by herself, and now employs ten people. Her turnover last year was ￡5.8 million.‘I used to work as a rep, selling hair products to people like famous hair-dressers. One day someone suggested to me that I should make and sell similar products myself, and I thought, “Why not?”’‘before I started, I thought running my own business would be similar to my previous job, but straight away I had problems I’d never dealt with before. I’m glad I took the risk, though.’‘I’ve always insisted on 90 day’s credit to make the company self-supporting, without huge loans from banks. Luckily my manufactures agreed!’Louise uses local suppliers and expects them to come to her if they want to do business with her. ‘I rarely leave the office and try to fit everything onto normal working hours. I’m no good at working late.’So what are Louise’s plans now? ‘My friends predicted I wouldn’t keep this business for long as I’m always having new business ideas, but at the moment I want to see this project through.’16Louise Wood recruited her staff as soon as she set up her business.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say17As a rep, Louise enjoyed meeting famous hairdressers.B WrongC Doesn’t say18Louise’s first few months of business were less difficult than she had expected.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say19Louise has avoided borrowing large amounts of money to finance her business.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say20Her suppliers have complained about having meetings at her office.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say21Louise regularly does overtime.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say22Louise feels committed to this business for the present.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t sayTEST 3 PART FOURQuestions 16-22●Read the newspaper article below about moving premises.●Are sentences 16-22 on the opposite page ‘Right’or ‘Wrong’? If there is not enoughinformation to answer ‘Right’ or ‘Wrong’, choose ‘Doesn’t say’.●For each sentence (16-22), mark one letter (A, B or C) on your Answer Sheet.How to move officeA successful office relocation demands careful preparation. It’s important to form a project team as early as possible before the move, and at least twelve months in advance. It’s also essential to contact the British Association of Commercial specialists who will advise on packing, security and other important topics.Internally you’ll need to appoint a move organizer, or employ a freelance expert from a firm such as Move Plan, which organizes relocation for firms from two to 6,000 people. You’ll also need to pick a time when closing down your IT department will cause the fewest problems to the business and, for that reason, the majority of firms now move over a weekend.Next make a list of all the furniture, equipment and paperwork. Commercial movers will pack filling in A-Z order, so if A-Gleaves the building, it’s still A-G when it’s unpacked. Confidential files can be sealed in secure boxes for the moving day. Commercial specialists will keep company employees fully informed and answer any questions they may have. You may move offices once or twice in your career, but experts do it every day.16 According to the article, the minimum planning time for an office move should be a year.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say17 The writer says that companies should be able to organize their move without external help.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say18 Move Plan are experts at organizing both large and small moves.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say19 The IT department is usually the first department to move.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say20 Most companies believe there are fewer computer problems if the move happens Monday to Friday.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say21 Companies are advised to pack confidential materials themselves.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say22 A specialist remover will make sure staff are kept up to date with arrangements for their move.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say第六课时How to move officeA successful office relocation demands careful preparation. It’s imp ortant to form a project team as early as possible before the move, and at least twelve months in advance. It’s alsoessential to contact the British Association of Commercial specialists who will advise on packing, security and other important topics.I nternally you’ll need to appoint a move organizer, or employ a freelance expert from a firm such as Move Plan, which organizes relocation for firms from two to 6,000 people. You’ll also need to pick a time when closing down your IT department will cause the fewest problems to the business and, for that reason, the majority of firms now move over a weekend.Next make a list of all the furniture, equipment and paperwork. Commercial movers will pack filling in A-Z order, so if A-G leaves the building, it’s s till A-G when it’s unpacked. Confidential files can be sealed in secure boxes for the moving day.Commercial specialists will keep company employees fully informed and answer any questions they may have. You may move offices once or twice in your career, but experts do it every day.16According to the article, the minimum planning time for an office move should be a year.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say17The writer says that companies should be able to organize their move without external help.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say18Move Plan are experts at organizing both large and small moves.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say19The IT department is usually the first department to move.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say20Most companies believe there are fewer computer problems if the move happens Monday to Friday.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say21Companies are advised to pack confidential materials themselves.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say22 A specialist remover will make sure staff are kept up to date with arrangements for theirmove.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t saySHAREHOLDERS WATCH HOCKING CLOSELYHocking, the High Street retailer, yesterday published figures indicating a recovery in sales for the first three months of the year; this pleased the company’s shareholders, who have had a difficult time in recen t years. The news was not all good, however. Sales at Hocking’s sister company, Hocking’s Pharmacy, were disappointing, improving by only 0.7 per cent during the period.James Bowen, the company chairman, said, ‘The retail climate is improving slowly. O ur retail businesses found that trading conditions were reasonable in April, very poor in May, then improved considerably in June, with this improvement continuing in July. Operating costs are growing more slowly than sales, so our profit forecasts for the rest of the year are good.’The company said that it will install customer computer kiosks in more than 250 stores by Christmas, after a trial period in 20 stores in the north of England saw sales rise by 5 percent. These computer kiosks allow specially targeted discounts and promotions to be offered to individual customers.11Hocking, the retailer, has shown signs of improved sales in the first quarter of the year.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say12The price of shares in Hocking, the retailer, has risen slightly.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say13Sales figures at Hocking’s Pharmacy showed a slight fall.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say14According to the chairman, trading conditions have improved steadily each month since April.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say15The chairman predicts an improvement in profits as sales are rising faster than operating costs.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t sa y16Hocking’s computer kiosks have already shown that they can lead to increased Sales.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t say17Customers asked for clearer information to be provided about discounts and promotions.A RightB WrongC Doesn’t sayMaster of the turnstilesFor years Jim Cartwright enjoyed spending his spare time repairing his local football club’s turnstiles, the metal gates which allow one person at a time into the football ground. When Jim was made redundant from his full-time job selling equipment to sports organizations, he realized he already knew plenty of people responsible for turnstiles. This made him sure that his hobby could become a successful new career.He had 1000 brochures printed and posted them to clubs around the country. For two weeks he heard nothing. Then Trion Football Club requested a quotation for repairing their turnstiles, with the possibility of the work becoming regular. He wanted the contract so much that he cut his profit margin to a minimum. He won it, though with no guarantee of further work, and celebrated the launch of his new business.In the next month, club after club offered Jim work, and he recruited his first employee, Alec, to help re-install the repaired turnstiles. Alec, however, took frequent to breaks and never put in more effort than he had to. What’s more, he seemed unhappy working for Jim. Although Jim had no complaints about the quality of his work, Alec’s attitude made him difficult to work with.Jim considered dismissing Alec, but recruiting him had taken a long time because there had been so many suitable people to interview. Now he was simply too busy to go through that process again. Any anyway, Jim had employed Alec on the understanding that the job would probably end with the current contracts were completed.Suddenly, though, Jim’s business was at risk. He made very few mistakes, and calculated his costs and the time that a job would take very accurately. But he had forgotten that generally clubs have repairs done between the end of one football season and the start of the next. Now no major jobs were coming in.After buying a replacement van, as his old one was beyond repair, he could only just cover Alec’s wages and his own. But without more work he had no future. The solution was something more regular, and he decided to produce turnstiles, as well as repair them. For an investment like this,though, he needed help, and he persuaded his bank to give him a loan. From then on, Cartwright Turnstile Services just grew and grew and now employs three full-time workers.Read the article below about a company which repairs turnstiles (the metal gates used at sports grounds).第七课时Test 1PART FIVEQuestions 23-28● Read the article below about a company which repairs turnstiles (the metal gates used at sports grounds).● For each question (23-28) on the opposite page, choose the correct answer.● Mark one letter (A, B or C) on your Answer Sheet.Master of the turnstilesFor years Jim Cartwright enjoyed spending his spare time repairing his local football club's turnstiles, the metal gates which allow one person at a time into the football ground. When Jim was made redundant from his full-time job selling equipment to sports organisations, he realised he already knew plenty of people responsible for turnstiles. This made him sure that his hobby could become a successful new career.He had 1000 brochures printed and posted them to clubs around the country. For two weeks he heard nothing. Then Troon Football Club requested a quotation for repairing their turnstiles, with the possibility of the work becoming regular. He wanted the contract so much that he cut his profit margin to a minimum. He won it, though with no guarantee of further work, and celebrated the launch of his new business.In the next month, club after club offered Jim work, and he recruited his first employee, Alec, to help re-install the repaired turnstiles. Alec, however, took frequent breaks and never put in more effort than he had to. What's more, he seemed unhappy working for Jim. Although Jim had no complaints about the quality of his work, Alec's attitude made him difficult to work with. Jim considered dismissing Alec, but recruiting him had taken a long time because there had been so many suit-able people to interview. Now he was simply too busy to go through that process again. And anyway, Jim had employed Alec on the under-standing that the job would probably end when the current contracts were completed.Suddenly, though, Jim's business was at risk. He made very few mistakes, and calculated his costs and the time that a jobwould take very accurately. But he had forgotten that generally clubs have repairs done between the end of one football season and the start of the next. Now no major jobs were coming in.After buying a replacement van, as his old one was beyond repair, he could only just cover Alec's wages and his own. But without more work he had no future. The solution was something more regular, and he decided to produce turnstiles, as well as repair them. For an investment like this, though, he needed help, and he persuaded his bank to give him a loan. From then on, Cartwright Turnstile Services just grew and grew and now employs three full-time workers.23. Why was Jim Cartwright confident about starting a business repairing turnstiles?A. He had learnt from mistakes that his previous employer made.B. He had a lot of contacts with possible customers.C. He had experience of doing the work in his previous job.24. Why was Jim happy that Troon Football Club gave him the contract?A. It was the first his firm had received.B. It led to long-term work for the club.C. It provided him with a good profit.25. What problem did Jim have with Alec?A. His work was not of a high enough standard.B. He did as little work as possible.C. He made a lot of complaints about the business.26. Why did Jim decide to continue employing Alec?A. It would take too long to find a replacement.B. There was a lack of people with the right qualifications.C. Jim had given him a contract which guaranteed him work.27. Why did Jim find himself in danger of going out of business?A. His costs were higher than he had estimated.B. He found that each job took longer than he expected.C. His work was mostly limited to certain times of year.28. Jim asked his bank for a loan in order toA. pay the wages bill.B. start manufacturing.C. buy a new van.Test 2PART FIVEQuestions 23-28● Read the text below, which is part of the annual report of a retail company called Bennetts. Its customers order goods from catalogues and collect them from the company’s stores.● For each question (23-28) on the opposite page, choose the correct answer.● Mark one letter (A, B or C) on your Answer Sheet.Chief Executive’s ReportBennetts has remained the region’s leading catalogue retailer in last twelve months. The company distributed around five million catalogues, a figure which is unchanged on the previous year, and we now have 98 stores, an increase of twelve. As was widely reported in the media, merger negotiations with another catalogue retailer ended without agreement.It is true that this has been a difficult year, with a fall in trading profits, largely resulting from weaker consumer spending, but not helped by disappointing productivity levels in the stores. It is also a cause of worry that production costs are continuing to rise. However, changes in the way we deliver to stores have led to considerable savings.With the aim of improving customer service and shopping convenience, we have introduced a number of new services in the last twelve months. Shopping by internet was added to the existing telephone ordering facility, and the early response to this has been good. In stores there are now information screens for customers to check the availability of goods they want to purchase. Together with other existing systems, which reduce queues and tell store customers when their orders are ready for collection, this is giving positive results.Another change has been the placement of the Traditional and Modern catalogues with a single catalogue. As a result, customers who used the Modern catalogue now have over 30% more products to choose from, although we have dropped the less popular lines. Annual printing costs already show the benefit of this move, and sales are expected to start growing within the next year. We have had to change our plans for the coming year. It is clear that shoppers expect staff on stores to be both friendly and efficient. A major programme to raise standards will be introduced at once, while the planned improvements to store facilities will be delayed for twelve months. The proposed interactive TV shopping service will not now go ahead, and neither will the planned redevelopment of the corporate headquarters.Bennetts is changing fast, and we are confident that the newly appointed members of the management team will help us to improve sales within the next twelve months, even if, as expected, there is no recovery in the economic climate. Our aim is to spend this time making sure that the company is as efficient as possible, and to delay our strategy of considering mergers to takeovers.23. In the last year Bennetts hasA. opened a number of new stores.B. merger with another catalogue company.C. increased the number of catalogues it delivers.24. One improvement in the last year is that Bennetts has managed toA. spend less on manufacturing.B. increase productivity.C. reduce distribution costs.25. As a result of developments in the last year, customers can nowA. find out if goods are in stock before ordering them.B. collect their orders without queuing in the stores.C. order goods by telephone as well as in stores.26. Replacing two catalogues with one has meant thatA. all the lines from both catalogues are available.B. the catalogue has now become cheaper to produce.C. sales from the stores are already increasing.27. Bennetts' main aim for next year is to improveA. home shopping facilities.B. the facilities at head office.C. customer service in the stores.。
1Test1操作题考前模拟卷
操作题模拟试卷一一．Windows操作题（题中的“本目录”是指模拟考试题所在的目录）1．在“本目录”下有一个“Windows题1-1”文件夹，打开它并完成以下操作。
（1）在“Windows题1-1”下建立“图片”和“user”文件夹。
（2）在“Windows题1-1”下查找（或搜索）所有的扩展名为jpg文件，并将它们移动到“图片”文件夹中。
（提示：打开“Windows题1-1”文件夹（在“资源管理器”或“我的电脑”中），单击工具栏中的“搜索”按钮，在左侧出现的框中选择“所有文件和文件夹”选项，再在出现的界面的第一项中输入：*.jpg,然后单击“搜索”按钮。
在右侧出现搜索到的结果，选中搜索到的所有文件，在选中区域单击右键选择“剪切”（或者单击“编辑”菜单→“剪切”），再单击工具栏上“后退”按纽，打开“图片”文件夹，进行“粘贴”操作。
）（3）将“图片”文件夹中的名为“2.jpg”文件设置为只读属性。
（4）把“Windows题1-1”的Program文件夹中的“张三.zip”、“李四.zip”、“王五.zip”三个文件复制到“user”文件夹中。
（5）将“Windows题1-1”下的“user”设置为“隐藏”属性。
（6）为“附件”中的“画图”程序创建桌面快捷方式图标，快捷方式名为“绘图”（即进行更名操作）。
2．在“本目录”下有一个“Wiondow题1-2”文件夹，打开它并完成以下操作。
（1）在“Wiondow题1-2”下建立一个新文件夹，并取名为dive172 。
（2）在桌面上建立文件夹dive172 的快捷方式。
（提示：在文件夹上单击右键，选择“发送到”）（3）将“Wiondow题1-2”下的“远程88.doc”更名为“统考99.doc”。
(提示:如果扩展名doc没有显示，就不要考虑；如果扩展名doc有显示，则扩展名不要动它。
)（4）将“Wiondow题1-2”下的wang1文件夹删除。
（5）将显示器的桌面背景设置为“Wiondow题1-2”下名为“Home.jpg”的画面，居中。
剑桥雅思阅读5原文翻译及答案（test1）
剑桥雅思阅读5原文翻译及答案(test1)雅思阅读是块难啃的硬骨头，需要我们做更多的题目才能得心应手。
下面小编给大家分享一下剑桥雅思阅读5test1原文翻译及答案解析，希望可以帮助到大家。
剑桥雅思阅读5原文(test1)剑桥雅思系列真题是剑桥大学考试委员会外语考试部出版各类考试真题的唯一官方出版社出版的权威教材，书中包含最新的雅思全真试题资料，是各类雅思考生备考过程中必不可少的参考书。
非常适合学生自学的习题解答和听力录音文本。
READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Johnson’s DictionaryFor the centur y before Johnson’s Dictionary was published in 1775, there had been concern about the state of the English language. There was no standard way of speaking or writing and no agreement as to the best way of bringing some order to the chaos of English spelling. Dr Johnson provided the solution.There had, of course, been dictionaries in the past, the first of these being a little book of some 120 pages, compiled by a certain Robert Cawdray, published in 1604 under the title A Table Alphabeticall ‘of hard usuall English wordes’. Like the various dictionaries that came after it during the seventeenth century, Cawdray’s tended to concentrate on ‘scholarly’ words; one function of the dictionary was to enable its student to convey an impression of fine learning.Beyond the practical need to make order out of chaos, the rise of dictionaries is associated with the rise of the English middle class, who were anxious to define and circumscribe thevarious worlds to conquer —lexical as well as social and commercial. it is highly appropriate that Dr Samuel Johnson, the very model of an eighteenth-century literary man, as famous in his own time as in ours, should have published his Dictionary at the very beginning of the heyday of the middle class.Johnson was a poet and critic who raised common sense to the heights of genius. His approach to the problems that had worried writers throughout the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries was intensely practical. Up until his time, the task of producing a dictionary on such a large scale had seemed impossible without the establishment of an academy to make decisions about right and wrong usage. Johnson decided he did not need an academy to settle arguments about language; he would write a dictionary himself and he would do it single-handed. Johnson signed the contract for the Dictionary with the bookseller Robert Dosley at a breakfast held at the Golden Anchor Inn near Holbom Bar on 18 June 1764.He was to be paid ￡1.575 in instalments, and from this he took money to rent Gou gh Square, in which he set up his ‘dictionary workshop’.James Boswell, his biographer, described the garret where Johnson worked as ‘fitted up like a counting house’ with a long desk running down the middle at which the copying clerks would work standing up. Johnson himself was stationed on a rickety chair at an ‘old crazy deal table’ surrounded by a chaos of borrowed books. He was also helped by six assistants, two of whom died whilst the Dictionary was still in preparation.The work was immense; filling about eighty large notebooks (and without a library to hand), Johnson wrote the definitions of over 40,000 words, and illustrated their many meanings with some 114,000 quotations drawn from English writing on everysubject, from the Elizabethans to his own time. He did not expect to achieve complete originality. Working to a deadline, he had to draw on the best of all previous dictionaries, and to make his work one of heroic synthesis. In fact, it was very much more. Unlike his predecessors, Johnson treated English very practically, as a living language, with many different shades of meaning. He adopted his definitions on the principle of English common law —according to precedent. After its publication, his Dictionary was not seriously rivalled for over a century.After many vicissitudes the Dictionary was finally published on 15 April 1775. It was instantly recognised as a landmark throughout Europe. ‘This very noble work,’ wrote the leading Italian lexicographer, ‘will be a perpetual monument of Fame to the Author, an Honour to his own Country in particular, and a general Benefit to the republic of Letters throughout Europe" The fact that Johnson had taken on the Academies of Europe and matched them (everyone knew that forty French academics had taken forty years to produce the first French national dictionary) was cause for much English celebration.Johnson had worked for nine years, ‘with little assistance of the learned, and without any patronage of the great; not in the soft obscurities of retirement, or under the shelter of academic bowers, but amidst inconvenience and distraction, in sickness and in sorrow’. For all its faults and eccentricities his two-volume work is a masterpiece and a landmark, in his own words, ‘setting the orthography, displaying the analogy, regulating the structures, and ascertaining the significations of English words’. It is the cornerstone of Standard English an achievement which, in James Boswell’s words ‘conferred stability on the language of his country.’The Dictionary, together with his other writing, made Johnson famous and so well esteemed that his friends were able to prevail upon King George Ⅲ to offer him a pension. From then on, he was to become the Johnson of folklore.Questions 1-3Choose THREE letters A-H.Write your answers in boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet.NB Your answers may be given in any order.Which THREE of the following statements are true of Johnson’s Dictionary?A It avoided all scholarly words.B It was the only English dictionary in general use for 200 years.C It was famous because of the large number of people involved.D It focused mainly on language from contemporary texts.E There was a time limit for its completion.F It ignored work done by previous dictionary writers.G It took into account subtleties of meaning.H Its definitions were famous for their originality.Questions 4-7Complete the summary.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 4-7 on your answer sheet.In 1764 Dr Johnson accepted the contract to produce a dictionary. Having rented a garret, he took on a number of 4…………, who stood at a long central desk. Johnson did not have a 5………… available to him, but eventually produced definitions of in excess of 40,000 words written down in 80 large notebooks.On publications, the Dictionary was immediately hailed in many European countries as a landmark. According to his biographer, James Boswell, Johnson’s principal achievement was to bring 6……… to the English language. As a reward for his ha rd work, he was granted a 7………by the king.Questions 8-13Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this8 The growing importance of the middle classes led to an increased demand for dictionaries.9 Johnson has become more well known since his death.10 Johnson had been planning to write a dictionary for several years.11 Johnson set up an academy to help with the writing of his Dictionary.12 Johnson only received payment for his Dictionary on its completion.13 Not all of the assistants survived to see the publication of the Dictionary.READING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.Nature or Nurture?A A few years ago, in one of the most fascinating and disturbing experiments in behavioural psychology, Stanley Milgram of Yale University tested 40 subjects from all walks of lifefor their willingness to obey instructions given by a ‘leader’ in a situation in which the subjects might feel a personal distaste for the actions they were called upon to perform. Specifically M ilgram told each volunteer ‘teacher-subject’ that the experiment was in the noble cause of education, and was designed to test whether or not punishing pupils for their mistakes would have a positive effect on the pupils’ ability to learn.B Milgram’s expe rimental set-up involved placing the teacher-subject before a panel of thirty switches with labels ranging from ‘15 volts of electricity (slight shock)’ to ‘450 volts (danger —severe shock)’ in steps of 15 volts each. The teacher-subject was told that whenever the pupil gave the wrong answer to a question, a shock was to be administered, beginning at the lowest level and increasing in severity with each successive wrong answer. The supposed ‘pupil’ was in reality an actor hired by Milgram to simulate receiving the shocks by emitting a spectrum of groans, screams and writings together with an assortment of statements and expletives denouncing both the experiment and the experimenter. Milgram told the teacher-subject to ignore the reactions of the pupil, and to administer whatever level of shock was called for, as per the rule governing the experimental situation of the moment.C As the experiment unfolded, the pupil would deliberately give the wrong answers to questions posed by the teacher, thereby bringing on various electrical punishments, even up to the danger level of 300 volts and beyond. Many of the teacher-subjects balked at administering the higher levels of punishment, and turned to Milgram with questioning looks and/or complaints about continuing the experiment. In these situations, Milgramcalmly explained that the teacher-subject was to ignore the pupil’s cries for mercy and carry on with the experiment. If the subject was still reluctant to proceed, Milgram said that it was important for the sake of the experiment that the procedure be followed through to the end. His final argument was ‘you have no other choice. You must go on’. What Milgram was trying to discover was the number of teacher-subjects who would be willing to administer the highest levels of shock, even in the face of strong personal and moral revulsion against the rules and conditions of the experiment.D Prior to carrying out the experiment, Milgram explained his idea to a group of 39 psychiatrists and asked them to predict the average percentage of people in an ordinary population who would be willing to administer the highest shock level of 450 volts. The overwhelming consensus was that virtually all the teacher-subjects would refuse to obey the experimenter. The psychiatrists felt that ‘most subjects would not go beyond 150 volts’ and they further anticipated that only four per cent would go up to 300 volts. Furthermore, they thought that only a lunatic fringe of about one in 1,000 would give the highest shock of 450 volts.E What were the actual results? Well, over 60 per cent of the teacher-subjects continued to obey Milgram up to the 450-volt limit in repetitions of the experiment in other countries, the percentage of obedient teacher-subjects was even higher, reaching 85 per cent in one country. How can we possibly account for this vast discrepancy between what calm, rational, knowledgeable people predict in the comfort of their study and what pressured, flustered, but cooperative ‘teachers’ actually do in the laboratory of real life?F One’s first inclination might be to argue that there must be some sort of built-in animal aggression instinct that was activated by the experiment, and that Milgram’s teache-subjects were just following a genetic need to discharge this pent-up primal urge onto the pupil by administering the electrical shock. A modern hard-core sociobiologist might even go so far as to claim that this aggressive instinct evolved as an advantageous trait, having been of survival value to our ancestors in their struggle against the hardships of life on the plains and in the caves, ultimately finding its way into our genetic make-up as a remnant of our ancient animal ways.G An alternative to this notion of genetic programming is to see the teacher-subjects’ actions as a result of the social environment under which the experiment was carried out. As Milgram himself pointed out, ‘Most subjects in the experiment see their behaviour in a larger context that is benevolent and useful to society —the pursuit of scientific truth. The psychological laboratory has a strong claim to legitimacy and evokes trust and confidence in those who perform there. An action such as shocking a victim, which in isolation appears evil, acquires a completely different meaning when placed in this se tting.’H Thus, in this explanation the subject merges his unique personality and personal and moral code with that of larger institutional structures, surrendering individual properties like loyalty, self-sacrifice and discipline to the service of malevolent systems of authority.I Here we have two radically different explanations for why so many teacher-subjects were willing to forgo their sense of personal responsibility for the sake of an institutional authorityfigure. The problem for biologists, psychologists and anthropologists is to sort out which of these two polar explanations is more plausible. This, in essence, is the problem of modern sociobiology — to discover the degree to which hard-wired genetic programming dictates, or at least strongly biases, the interaction of animals and humans with their environment, that is, their behaviour. Put another way, sociobiology is concerned with elucidating the biological basis of all behaviour.Questions 14-19Reading Passage 2 has nine paragraphs, A-I.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter A-I in boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet.14 a biological explanation of the teacher-subjects’ behaviour15 the explanation Milgram gave the teacher-subjects for the experiment16 the identity of the pupils17 the expected statistical outcome18 the general aim of sociobiological study19 the way Milgram persuaded the teacher-subjects to continueQuestions 20-22Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write your answers in boxes 20-22 on your answer sheet.20 The teacher-subjects were told that were testing whetherA a 450-volt shock was dangerous.B punishment helps learning.C the pupils were honest.D they were suited to teaching.21 The teacher-subjects were instructed toA stop when a pupil asked them to.B denounce pupils who made mistakes.C reduce the shock level after a correct answer.D give punishment according to a rule.22 Before the experiment took place the psychiatristsA believed that a shock of 150 volts was too dangerous.B failed to agree on how the teacher-subjects would respond to instructions.C underestimated the teacher-subjects’ willingness to comply with experimental procedure.D thought that many of the teacher-subjects would administer a shock of 450 volts.Questions 23-26Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?In boxes 23-26 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this23 Several of the subjects were psychology students at Yale University.24 Some people may believe that the teacher-subjects’ behaviour could be explained as a positive survival mechanism.25 In a sociological explanation, personal values are more powerful than authority.26 Milgram’s experiment solves an important question in sociobiology.READING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40,which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.The Truth about the EnvironmentFor many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have developed a hit-list of our main fears: that natural resources are running out; that the population is ever growing, leaving less and less to eat; that species are becoming extinct in vast numbers, and that the planet’s air and water are becoming ever more polluted.But a quick look at the facts shows a different picture. First, energy and other natural resources have become more abundant, not less so, since the book ‘The Limits to Growth’ was published in 1972 by a group of scientists. Second, more food is now produced per head of the world’s population than at any time in history. Fewer people are starving. Third, although species are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them are expected to disappear in the next 50 years, not 25-50%, as has so often been predicted. And finally, most forms of environmental pollution either appear to have been exaggerated, or are transient —associated with the early phases of industrialisation and therefore best cured not by restricting economic growth, but by accelerating it. One form of pollution — the release of greenhouse gases that causes global warming — does appear to be a phenomenon that is going to extend well into our future, but its total impact is unlikely to pose a devastating problem. A bigger problem may well turn out to be an inappropriate response to it.Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief that environmental standards are declining and four factors seem to cause this disjunction between perception and reality.One is the lopsidedness built into scientific research. Scientific funding goes mainly to areas with many problems. That may be wise policy, but it will also create an impression that many more potential problems exist than is the case.Secondly, environmental groups need to be noticed by the mass media. They also need to keep the money rolling in. Understandably, perhaps, they sometimes overstate their arguments. In 1997, for example, the World Wide Fund for Nature issued a press release entitled: ‘Two thirds of the world’s forests lost forever.’ The truth turns out to be nearer 20%.Though these groups are run overwhelmingly by selfless folk, they nevertheless share many of the characteristics of other lobby groups. That would matter less if people applied the same degree of scepticism to environmental lobbying as they do to lobby groups in other fields. A trade organisation arguing for, say, weaker pollution controls is instantly seen as self-interested. Yet a green organisation opposing such a weakening is seen as altruistic, even if an impartial view of the controls in question might suggest they are doing more harm than good.A third source of confusion is the attitude of the media. People are clearly more curious about bad news than good. Newspapers and broadcasters are there to provide what the public wants. That, however, can lead to significant distortions of perception. An example was America’s encounter with El Nino in 1997 and 1998. This climatic phenomenon was accused of wrecking tourism, causing allergies, melting the ski-slopes and causing 22 deaths. However, according to an article in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, the damage it did was estimated at US$4 billion but the benefits amounted to some US$19 billion. These came from higher winter temperatures(which saved an estimated 850 lives, reduced heating costs and diminished spring floods caused by meltwaters).The fourth factor is poor individual perception. People worry that the endless rise in the amount of stuff everyone throws away will cause the world to run out of places to dispose of waste. Yet, even if America’s trash output continues to rise as it has done in the past, and even if the American population doubles by 2100, all the rubbish America produces through the entire 21st century will still take up only one-12,000th of the area of the entire United States.So what of global warming? As we know, carbon dioxide emissions are causing the planet to warm. The best estimates are that the temperatures will rise by 2-3℃ in this century, causing considerable problems, at a total cost of US$5,000 billion.Despite the intuition that something drastic needs to be done about such a costly problem, economic analyses clearly show it will be far more expensive to cut carbon dioxide emissions radically than to pay the costs of adaptation to the increased temperatures. A model by one of the main authors of the United Nations Climate Change Panel shows how an expected temperature increase of 2.1 degrees in 2100 would only be diminished to an increase of 1.9 degrees. Or to put it another way, the temperature increase that the planet would have experienced in 2094 would be postponed to 2100.So this does not prevent global warming, but merely buys the world six years. Yet the cost of reducing carbon dioxide emissions, for the United States alone, will be higher than the cost of solving the world’s single, most pressing health problem: providing universal access to clean drinking water and sanitation. Such measures would avoid 2 million deaths every year, andprevent half a billion people from becoming seriously ill.It is crucial that we look at the facts if we want to make the best possible decisions for the future. It may be costly to be overly optimistic — but more costly still to be too pessimistic.Questions 27-32Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?In boxes 27-32 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the statement ag rees with the writer’s claimsNO if the statement contradicts the writer’s clamsNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this27 Environmentalists take a pessimistic view of the world fora number of reasons28 Data on the Earth’s natural resources has only been collected since 1972.29 The number of starving people in the world has increased in recent years.30 Extinct species are being replaced by new species.31 Some pollution problems have been correctly linked to industrialisation.32 It would be best to attempt to slow down economic growth.Questions 33-37Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write your answers in boxes 33-37 on your answer sheet.33 What aspect of scientific research does the writer express concern about in paragraph 4?A the need to produce resultsB the lack of financial supportC the selection of areas to researchD the desire to solve every research problem34 The writer quotes from the Worldwide Fund for Nature to illustrate howA influential the mass media can be.B effective environmental groups can be.C the mass media can help groups raise funds.D environmental groups can exaggerate their claims.34 What is the writer’s main point about lobby groups in paragraph 6?A Some are more active than others.B Some are better organised than others.C Some receive more criticism than others.D Some support more important issues than others.35 The writer suggests that newspapers print items that are intended toA educate readers.B meet their readers’ expec tations.C encourage feedback from readers.D mislead readers.36 What does the writer say about America’s waste problem?A It will increase in line with population growth.B It is not as important as we have been led to believe.C It has been reduced through public awareness of the issues.D It is only significant in certain areas of the country.Questions 38-40Complete the summary with the list of words A-I below.Write the correct letter A-I in boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet.GLOBAL WARMINGThe writer admits that global warming is a 38…………….challenge, but says that it will not have a catastrophic impact on our future, if we deal with it in the 39…………… way. If we try to reduce the levels of greenhouse gases, he believes that it would only have a minimal impact on rising temperatures. He feels it would be better to spend money on the more 40………… health problem of providing the world’s population with clean drinking water.A unrealisticB agreedC expensiveD rightE long-termF usualG surprisingH personalI urgent剑桥雅思阅读5原文参考译文(test1)TEST 1 PASSAGE 1参考译文：Johnson’s Dictionary约翰逊博士的字典For the century before Johnson’s Dictionary was published in 1775, there had been concern about the state of the English language. There was no standard way of speaking or writing and no agreement as to the best way of bringing some order to the chaos of English spelling. Dr Johnson provided the solution.约翰逊博士的《字典》于1775年出版，在此之前的一个世纪，人们一直对英语的发展状况担忧。
Word试题
Word试题一、Word操作题1、将标题“引言”两字设置为“黑体”、“三号”。
2、将第一段“人类已经进入了信息…”首行精确缩进．．，（不能使用空格代替缩进）。
．．．．厘米．．．．0.753、将文档的第二段（“本文从我国计算机基础教…”）与第三段（“以计算机技术为核心的…”）的内容交换位置。
4、将文档中的“信息技术”替换为“IT”。
5、在表格中填入相应内容，设置表格内框线为蓝色双线。
[文档开始]班级学号（最后两位）姓名引言人类已经进入了信息社会。
毫无疑问，现代计算机技术与现代通信技术是当今信息社会的两大支柱，尤其是以Internet为核心的信息高速公路已经或将成为人们交流信息的重要途径。
在信息社会里，信息技术代表世界上最新的生产力，信息知识成了社会的最重要的资源，大多数人将从事信息知识的管理和生产工作，信息技术成为人们必备的工具。
面对日新月异的信息技术革命的浪潮，各国政府都十分重视两大基础建设：第一，是加快建立和建设以计算机为核心的信息高速公路与各种信息资源库。
第二，是进行教育教学改革，将现代信息技术融入到基础教育中来。
后者显得尤为重要，因为这是关系到下一代人的培养问题。
本文从我国计算机基础教育的发展历史与得失，阐述计算机基础教育改革的必要性，并讨论作为基础教育师资培养的师范院校的计算机文化教育目标改革的重要性。
以计算机技术为核心的现代信息技术可以从两个方面融入到教育中来：首先，是将现代信息技术作为一种工具应用于教育教学的各个环节，如计算机教育管理、计算机多媒体教学和基于计算机互联网的远程教育等。
这一强有力的工具的引入，将使教育从内容、形式、方法和组织等方面发生根本性的变革；其次，是把以计算机技术为核心的信息学与信息技术作为基础教育的教学内容，或单独开设课程，或将其融入、整合到相关课程中去，以培养具有良好信息素养的下一代，让我们的后代能在的信息社会中自由搏击，立于不败之地。
这两者并不是独立的，而是相辅相成、相互促进的。
浙江省高校计算机一级word试题及答案
浙江省高校计算机一级word试题及答案一、选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1. 在Word中，以下哪个功能可以对文档进行拼写和语法检查？A. 格式B. 工具C. 视图D. 插入答案：B2. 在Word中，如何快速将文本的格式应用到其他文本上？A. 复制粘贴B. 格式刷C. 撤销D. 剪切答案：B3. 在Word中，下列哪个选项是用于插入表格的？A. 插入表格B. 插入图片C. 插入超链接D. 插入页码答案：A4. 在Word中，如何将文本设置为斜体？A. 选中文本，按Ctrl+IB. 选中文本，按Ctrl+BC. 选中文本，按Ctrl+UD. 选中文本，按Ctrl+T答案：A5. 在Word中，如何将文档保存为PDF格式？A. 通过“文件”菜单中的“导出”选项B. 通过“文件”菜单中的“另存为”选项C. 通过“文件”菜单中的“打印”选项D. 通过“文件”菜单中的“发送”选项答案：B6. 在Word中，如何插入页眉和页脚？A. 通过“插入”菜单B. 通过“视图”菜单C. 通过“布局”菜单D. 通过“设计”菜单答案：A7. 在Word中，如何将文本框中的文本对齐到页面的中心？A. 选中文本框，点击“居中”按钮B. 选中文本框，点击“右对齐”按钮C. 选中文本框，点击“左对齐”按钮D. 选中文本框，点击“分散对齐”按钮答案：A8. 在Word中，如何将文档中的所有“计算机”替换为“Computer”？A. 使用“查找”功能B. 使用“替换”功能C. 使用“定位”功能D. 使用“选择”功能答案：B9. 在Word中，如何设置文档的页边距？A. 通过“页面布局”菜单B. 通过“设计”菜单C. 通过“视图”菜单D. 通过“插入”菜单答案：A10. 在Word中，如何插入一个超链接？A. 选中文本，点击“插入”菜单中的“超链接”B. 选中文本，点击“格式”菜单中的“超链接”C. 选中文本，点击“工具”菜单中的“超链接”D. 选中文本，点击“视图”菜单中的“超链接”答案：A二、操作题（本大题共1小题，共10分）请根据以下要求完成Word文档的编辑操作：1. 创建一个新的Word文档。
雅思剑桥真题4听力Test1原文Word版
雅思剑桥真题4听力Test1原文Word版－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－传播优秀Word版文档，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！C4T1S1Good morning.Good morning. How can I help you?I understand that the school organizes trips to different……Yes, we run five every month: three during weekends and two Wednesday afternoon trips.What sort of places?Well, obviously it varies, but always places of historical interest and also which offer a variety of shopping, because our students always ask about that and then we go for ones where we know there are guided tours, because this gives a good focus for the visit.Do you travel far?Well, we’re lucky here, obviously, because we‘re able to say that all our visits are less than three hours drive.How much do they cost?Again it varies-between 5 and 15 pounds a head, depending on distance. Oh, and we do offer to arrange special trips if, you know, there are more than 12 people.Oh right, I’ll keep that in mind. And what are the times normally? We try to keep it pretty fixed so that, that students get to know the pattern.We leave at eight-thirty a.m. and return at six p.m.We figure it’s best t o keep the day fairly short.Oh yes. And how do we reserve a place?You sign your name on the notice board. Do you know where it is?Ah ha. I saw it this morning.And we do ask that you sign up three days in advance so we know we’ve got enough people interested to run it, and we can cancel if necessary, with full refund of course.That’s fine, thanks.And what visits are planned for this term?Right, well I’m afraid the schedule hasn’t been print ed out yet, but we have confirmed the dates and planned the optional extra visits which you can also book in advance if you want to.Oh, that’s all right. If you can just give some idea of the weekend ones so I can, you know, work out when to see friends, etcetera.Oh, sure. Well, the first one is St. Ives. That’s o n the thirteenth of February and we’ll have only sixteen places available of course we’re going by minibus.And that’s a day in town with the optional extra of visiting the Hepworth Museum.Oh right, yeah, that sounds good.Umm, then there’s London trip on the sixteenth of February and we’ll传播优秀Word版文档，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！be taking a medium-sized coach so there’ll be forty-five places on that, a nd let’s see, the optional extra is the Tower of London.Oh, I’ve already been there.Err, after that there’s Bristol on the third of March.Where?Bristol.OK.That’s in a different minibus with eighteen places available, oh, and the optional extra is a visit to the S.S. Great传播优秀Word版文档，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！Britain.OK.We’re going to Sail sbury on the eighteenth of March and that’s always a popular one because the optional extra is Stonehenge, so we’re taking the large coach with fifty seats.Oh good.And then the last one is to Bath on the twenty-third of March.Oh yes, is Bath the Roman city?Y yes, that’ right, and that’s in the sixteen-seater minibus.And w here’s the optional visit?It’s to the American Museum-well worth a visit.Ok, well that’s great. Thanks for all that.My pleasure.By the way, if you want more information about any of the trips, have a look in the student newspaper.OK.Or, have a word with my assistant, her name is Jane Yentob.Right. I’ve got that. Thank you very much for all your help.You’re very welcome. I hope you enjoy the trips.C4T1S2Good afternoon everybody and welcome to Riverside Industrial Village. To start your visit, I’m just going to give you a brief account of the history of the museum before let ting you roam about on your own. I won’t keep you long. OK?Now, from where we’re standing you’ve got a good view of the river over there.And it was because of this fast-flowing water, that this site was a natural place for manufacturing works.The water, and the availability of the raw materials in the area, like minerals and iron ore, and also the abundance of local fuels, like coal and firewood, all made this site suitable for industry from a very early time.Water was the main source of power for the early industries and some of the water wheels were first established in the twelfth century, would you believe?At that time, local craftsmen first built an iron forge just behind the village here, on the bend in the river.By the seventeenth to eighteenth centuries the region’s rivers supported more than a hundred and sixty water mills-and many of these continued to operate well into the nineteenth century.But then the steam engine was invented and then the railways came and the centers of industries were able to move away from the rivers and countryside and into the towns.传播优秀Word版文档，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！So, industrial villages like this one became very rare.So that’s the history for you.If you’d like any more information, you can ask me some questions, or you can read further in our excellent guide book.Now I’m going to give you a plan of site and I’d just like to point out where everything is and then you can take a look at everything for yourself.I’ve already pointed out the river, which is on the left. And of course, running along the bottom is Woodside Road, got it? OK.传播优秀Word版文档，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！Now we’re standing at the entrance, see it at the bottom, and immediately to our right is the Ticket Office.You won’t need that because you’ve got your group booking, but just past it are the toilets-always good to know where they are.In front of us is the car park, as you can see, and to the left, by the entry gate is the Gift Shop.That’s where you can get copies of the guide, like this one here. Now, beyond the car park all the buildings are arranged in a half circle with a yard in the middle.The big, stone building at the top is the main Workshop.That’s where the furnace is and where all the metal was smelted and the tools were cast, as you’ll be ab le to see.Now in the top right-hand corner, that building with bigger windows is the Showroom, where samples of all the tools that were made through the ages are on display.In the top left corner is the Grinding Shop, where the tools were sharpened and finished.And on one side of that you can see the Engine Room, and on the other is the Café, which isn’t an antique, you’ll be pleased to know, though they do serve very nice old-fashion teas.The row of buildings you can see on the left are the cottages.These were built for the workers towards the end of the eighteenth century and they’re still furnished from that period so you can get a good idea of ordinary people’s living conditions.Across the yard from them, you can see the stables where the horses were kept for transporting the products.And the separate building in front of them is the Works Office and that still has some of the old accounts on display.Right, if anyone wants a guided tour then I’m starting at the Engine Room. If you’d like to come a long, this way please, ladies and gentlemen.C4T1S3You’ll hear M a student, talking to one of her lecturers about her studies.Excuse me, Dr. Johnson. May I speak to you for minute?Sure, come in.I’m M. I’m taking your course in population studies.Right, well, M, how can I help you?I’m having a bit of trouble with the second assignment, and it’s due in twelve days.What sort of trouble are you having? Is the assignment question a problem? Well, that’s part of the problem. I’m also having……been having-getting hold of the books. I’ve been to the library several times and all the books are out.传播优秀Word版文档，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！Sound like you should have started borrowing books a bit earlier. Well, I had a really big assignment due in for another course, and I’ve been spending all my time on that, and I thought……You might get an extension of time to finish your assignment for me? If that’s possible, but I don’t know……Well, yes, it is possible, but extensions are normally given only for medical or compassionate reasons. Otherwise, that’s r eally a question of organizing your study, and we don’t like giving extensions to students who simply didn’t plan their work传播优秀Word版文档，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！properly. What did you get your first assignment?I got eighty-seven percent.Yes, you did very well indeed. So obviously you can produce good work.I don’t think I need too much extra time, as long as I can get hold of some the important references.Well, since you did so well in your first assignment, I’m prepare to give you an extra two weeks for this one. So that’ll mean you need to submit it about a month from now.Oh, thank you.Now, what about the reading materials? Have you checked out the journal articles in the list?No, not yet. There were about twenty of them and I wasn’t sure which ones would be most useful or important.Well, they are all useful. But I don’t expect anyone to read them all, because a number of them deal with the same issues. And let me give you some suggestions. The articles by Anderson and Hawker is really worth reading.Right, I’ll read that one.You should also read the article by Jackson, but just look at the part on the research methodology-how they did it.Ok, Johnson, got that.And if you have time, the one by Roberts says very relevant thing, although it’s not essential. So……Ok, if it’s useful I’ll try to read that one.Now, the one by Morris. I wouldn’t bother with that at this stage if I were you.Ok, I won’t bother with Morris. Oh now, someone tell me the article by Cooper is important.Well, yes, in the way, but just look at the last part, where he discusses the research results. And lastly, there is Forster. I can’t think why I include d that one. It’s not bad, and could be of some help, but not that much.Now, let’s deal with the assignment question. What’s the problem there? It’s the graph on page two.What seems to be the problem? It’s just the bar graph, showing reasons why people change where they live.Well, I’ve got the photocopy, but the reason at the bottom are missing. Ah, Ok, look at the first bar on the graph. Now that indicated the number of people who move because they want more space.Oh, I see, bar one, Ok. Now what about the next bar?Bar two is to do with people living nearby disturbing them, so they choose to move away tosomewhere quiet er. Now let’s look at bar number three, another reason people change their place of living is because they want传播优秀Word版文档，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！to be closer to the city.Ok, proximity to the city is an issue.Now, bar number four refers to problems when the owner of property won’t help fix thing that go wrong. In other word, the owner is not helpful, and so the tenants move out.Ok, now what about bar five?Bar five is about those people who move because they need a bus or train to get them into the city or to go to work.Ok, and bar six?感谢阅读，欢迎大家下载使用！。
用VC6.0编写Word插件(Office2K、XP、03)
用VC6.0编写Wo rd插件(O ffi ce2K、XP、03)作者：hjp hy源代码下载最近因为工作的需要，学习了一下Off ic e插件的编写方法。
在走了不少弯路以后，最后终于把编写插件的原理给搞清楚了，不敢独享，拿出来跟大家共享一下。
下面就以Word 2003为例，向大家简单介绍一下。
第一步，利用向导生成一个AT L COM App Wiz ard的新工程。
图1在向导的第一个对话框中，服务器类型选择Dy na mi c Li nk Li bra ry(DLL)，然后单击Fi nish即可。
图2然后，选取菜单Ins ert->N ew AT L Ob je ct项，在弹出的AT L对象向导对话框中选中相应O bj ect s对应右侧的Sim p le Ob j ect 选项，点击下一步。
图3在弹出的对话框中Sho rt Nam e中输入相应名称，点确定完成插入AT L对象。
图4这样一个简单的基于AT L的COM组件工程就建立成功了。
第二步，通过导入类型库来实现_IDT E xt ens ibi l it y2接口。
在C l assVi ew中的新加的类上点鼠标右键，在弹出的右键菜单中选Imp l em ent Int erf ac e项。
图5在弹出的实现接口对话框中点击Ad d T y p elib图6在弹出的Br owse T y p e L ibr ar ies对话框中，选取M ic rosoft Ad d-in D esi gne r(1.0)子项，点OK按钮图7在弹出的接口列表对话框中选中_IDT E xt ens ibi l it y2接口，点OK按钮完成导入这样的话，系统将会自动为你生成空的五个所需接口函数，分别是On Con ne ct ion、OnD isco nn ect i on、O nAddI nsUp dat e、OnSt a rt up Comp let e、On Be gin Shut down。
剑桥雅思阅读10答案精讲（test1）
剑桥雅思阅读10答案精讲(test1)雅思阅读部分的真题资料，同学们需要进行一些细致的总结，比如说解析其实就是很重要的内容，接下来就是小编给同学们带来的关于剑桥雅思阅读10原文翻译解析(test1)的内容，一起来详细的分析一下吧，希望对你们的备考有所帮助。
剑桥雅思阅读10原文(test1)READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13，which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.StepwellsA millennium ago, stepwells were fundamental to life in the driest parts of India. Richard Cox travelled to north-western India to document these spectacular monuments from a bygone era During the sixth and seventh centuries, the inhabitants of the modern-day states of Gujarat and Rajasthan in north-western India developed a method of gaining access to clean, fresh groundwater during the dry season for drinking, bathing, watering animals and irrigation. However, the significance of this invention —the stepwell —goes beyond its utilitarian application.Unique to this region, stepwells are often architecturally complex and vary widely in size and shape. During their heyday, they were places of gathering, of leisure and relaxation and of worship for villagers of all but the lowest classes. Most stepwells are found dotted round the desert areas of Gujarat (where they are called vav) and Rajasthan (where they are called baori), while a few also survive in Delhi. Some were located in or near villages as public spaces for the community; others were positioned beside roads as resting places for travellers.As their name suggests, stepwells comprise a series of stone steps descending from ground level to the water source (normally an underground aquifer) as it recedes following the rains. When the water level was high, the user needed only to descend a few steps to reach it; when it was low, several levels would have to be negotiated.Some wells are vast, open craters with hundreds of steps paving each sloping side, often in tiers. Others are more elaborate, with long stepped passages leading to the water via several storeys. Built from stone and supported by pillars, they also included pavilions that sheltered visitors from the relentless heat. But perhaps the most impressive features are the intricate decorative sculptures that embellish many stepwells, showing activities from fighting and dancing to everyday acts such as women combing their hair or churning butter.Down the centuries, thousands of wells were constructed throughout north?western India, but the majority have now fallen into disuse; many are derelict and dry, as groundwater has been diverted for industrial use and the wells no longer reach the water table. Their condition hasn’t been helped by recent dry spells: southern Rajasthan suffered an eight-year drought between 1996 and 2004.However, some important sites in Gujarat have recently undergone major restoration, and the state government announced in June last year that it plans to restore the stepwells throughout the state.In Patan, the state’s ancient capital, the stepwell of Rani Ki Vav (Queen’s Stepwell) is perhaps the finest current example. It was built by Queen Udayamati during the late 11th century, but became silted up following a flood during the 13th century. Butthe Archaeological Survey of India began restoring it in the 1960s, and today it is in pristine condition. At 65 metres long, 20 metres wide and 27 metres deep, Rani Ki Vav features 500 sculptures carved into niches throughout the monument. Incredibly, in January 2001, this ancient structure survived an earthquake that measured 7.6 on the Richter scale.Another example is the Surya Kund in Modhera, northern Gujarat, next to the Sun Temple, built by King Bhima I in 1026 to honour the sun god Surya. It actually resembles a tank (kund means reservoir or pond) rather than a well, but displays the hallmarks of stepwell architecture, including four sides of steps that descend to the bottom in a stunning geometrical formation. The terraces house 108 small, intricately carved shrines between the sets of steps.Rajasthan also has a wealth of wells. The ancient city of Bundi, 200 kilometres south of Jaipur, is renowned for its architecture, including its stepwells.One of the larger examples is Raniji Ki Baori，which was built by the queen of the region, Nathavatji, in 1699. At 46 metres deep, 20 metres wide and 40 metres long, the intricately carved monument is one of 21 baoris commissioned in the Bundi area by Nathavatji.In the old ruined town of Abhaneri, about 95 kilometres east of Jaipur, is Chand Baori, one of India’s oldest and deepest wells; aesthetically it’s perhaps one of the most dramatic. Built in around 850 AD next to the temple of Harshat Mata, the baori comprises hundreds of zigzagging steps that run along three of its sides, steeply descending 11 storeys, resulting in a striking pattern when seen from afar. On the fourth side, verandas which are supported by ornate pillars overlook the steps.Still in public use is Neemrana Ki Baori, located just off the Jaipur-Delhi highway. Constructed in around 1700, it is nine storeys deep, with the last two being underwater. At ground level, there are 86 colonnaded openings from where the visitor descends 170 steps to the deepest water source.Today, following years of neglect, many of these monuments to medieval engineering have been saved by the Archaeological Survey of India, which has recognised the importance of preserving them as part of the country’s rich history. T ourists flock to wells in far-flung corners of north?-western India to gaze in wonder at these architectural marvels from hundreds of years ago, which serve as a reminder of both the ingenuity and artistry of ancient civilisations and of the value of water to human existence.Questions 1-5Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this1 Examples of ancient stepwells can be found all over the world.2 Stepwells had a range of functions, in addition to those related to water collection.3 The few existing stepwells in Delhi are more attractive than those found elsewhere.4 It took workers many years to build the stone steps characteristic of stepwells.5 The number of steps above the water level in a stepwellaltered during the course of a year.Questions 6-8Answer the questions below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 6-8 on your answer sheet6 Which part of some stepwells provided shade for people?7 What type of serious climatic event, which took place in southern Rajasthan, is mentioned in the article?8 Who are frequent visitors to stepwells nowadays?Questions 9-13Complete the table below.Choose ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 9-13 on your answer sheetStepwell Date Features Other notesRani Ki Vav Late11thcentury As many as 500 sculptures decorate the monument Restored in the 1960sExcellent condition, despite the 9 _______ of 2001Surya Kund 1026 Steps on the10 ______ produce ageometrical patternCarved shrines Looks more like a 11 _______than a wellRaniji Ki Baori 1699 Intricately carved monument One of 21 baoris in the area commissioned by Queen Nathavatji Chand Baori 850 AD Steps take you down 11 storeys to the bottom Old, deep and very dramaticHas 12 _____ whichprovide a view of the stepsNeemrana Ki Baori 1700 Has two 13 ______levels Used by public todayREADING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 on the following pages.Questions 14-21Reading Passage 2 has nine paragraphs, A-I.Choose the correct heading for paragraphs A-E and G-I from the list of headings below.Write the correct number，i-xi, in boxes 14-21 on your answer sheetList of Headingsi A fresh and important long-term goalii Charging for roads and improving other transport methods iii Changes affecting the distances goods may be transportediv Taking all the steps necessary to change transport patterns v The environmental costs of road transportvi The escalating cost of rail transportvii The need to achieve transport rebalanceviii The rapid growth of private transportix Plans to develop major road networksx Restricting road use through charging policies alonexi Transport trends in countries awaiting EU admission14 Paragraph A 19 Paragraph G15 Paragraph B 20 Paragraph H16 Paragraph C 21 Paragraph I17 Paragraph D18 Paragraph EExample AnswerParagraph F viiEUROPEAN TRANSPORT SYSTEMS1990-2010What have been the trends and what are the prospects for European transport systems?A It is difficult to conceive of vigorous economic growth without an efficient transport system. Although modern information technologies can reduce the demand for physical transport by facilitating teleworking and teleservices, the requirement for transport continues to increase. There are two key factors behind this trend. For passenger transport, the determining factor is the spectacular growth in car use. The number of cars on European Union (EU) roads saw an increase of three million cars each year from 1990 to 2010, and in the next decade the EU will see a further substantial increase in its fleet.B As far as goods transport is concerned, growth is due to a large extent to changes in the European economy and its system of production. In the last 20 years, as internal frontiers have been abolished, the EU has moved from a ‘stock’ economy to a ‘flow’ economy. This phenomenon has been emphasised by the relocation of some industries, particularly those which are labour intensive, to reduce production costs, even though the production site is hundreds or even thousands of kilometres away from the final assembly plant or away from users.C The strong economic growth expected in countries which are candidates for entry to the EU will also increase transport flows, in particular road haulage traffic. In 1998, some of these countries already exported more than twice their 1990 volumes and imported more than five times their 1990 volumes. And although many candidate countries inherited a transport systemwhich encourages rail, the distribution between modes has tipped sharply in favour of road transport since the 1990s. Between 1990 and 1998，road haulage increased by 19.4%, while during the same period rail haulage decreased by 43.5%, although — and this could benefit the enlarged EU — it is still on average at a much higher level than in existing member states.D However, a new imperative — sustainable development —offers an opportunity for adapting the EU’s common transport policy. This objective, agreed by the Gothenburg European Council, has to be achieved by integrating environmental considerations into Community policies, and shifting the balance between modes of transport lies at the heart of its strategy. The ambitious objective can only be fully achieved by 2020, but proposed measures are nonetheless a first essential step towards a sustainable transport system which will ideally be in place in 30 years’ time, that is by 2040.E In 1998，energy consumption in the transport sector was to blame for 28% of emissions of CO2，the leading greenhouse gas. According to the latest estimates, if nothing is done to reverse the traffic growth trend, CO2 emissions from transport can be expected to increase by around 50% to 1,113 billion tonnes by 2020，compared with the 739 billion tonnes recorded in 1990. Once again, road transport is the main culprit since it alone accounts for 84% of the CO2 emissions attributable to transport. Using alternative fuels and improving energy efficiency is thus both an ecological necessity and a technological challenge.F At the same time greater efforts must be made to achieve a modal shift. Such a change cannot be achieved overnight, all the less so after over half a century of constant deterioration infavour of road. This has reached such a pitch that today rail freight services are facing marginalisation, with just 8% of market share, and with international goods trains struggling along at an average speed of 18km/h. Three possible options have emerged.G The first approach would consist of focusing on road transport solely through pricing. This option would not be accompanied by complementary measures in the other modes of transport. In the short term it might curb the growth in road transport through the better loading ratio of goods vehicles and occupancy rates of passenger vehicles expected as a result of the increase in the price of transport. However, the lack of measures available to revitalise other modes of transport would make it impossible for more sustainable modes of transport to take up the baton.H The second approach also concentrates on road transport pricing but is accompanied by measures to increase the efficiency of the other modes (better quality of services, logistics, technology). However, this approach does not include investment in new infrastructure, nor does it guarantee better regional cohesion. It could help to achieve greater uncoupling than the first approach, but road transport would keep the lion’s share of the market and continue to concentrate on saturated arteries, despite being the most polluting of the modes. It is therefore not enough to guarantee the necessary shift of the balance.I The third approach, which is not new, comprises a series of measures ranging from pricing to revitalising alternative modes of transport and targeting investment in the trans-European network. This integrated approach would allow the market shares of the other modes to return to their 1998 levels and thus makea shift of balance. It is far more ambitious than it looks, bearing in mind the historical imbalance in favour of roads for the last fifty years, but would achieve a marked break in the link between road transport growth and economic growth, without placing restrictions on the mobility of people and goods.Questions 22-26Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?In boxes 22-26 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this22 The need for transport is growing, despite technological developments.23 To reduce production costs, some industries have been moved closer to their relevant consumers.24 Cars are prohibitively expensive in some EU candidate countries.25 The Gothenburg European Council was set up 30 years ago.26 By the end of this decade, CO2 emissions from transport are predicted to reach 739 billion tonnes.READING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.The psychology of innovationWhy are so few companies truly innovative?Innovation is key to business survival，and companies put substantial resources into inspiring employees to develop new ideas. There are, nevertheless, people working in luxurious, state-of-the-art centres designed to stimulate innovation who find that their environment doesn’t make them feel at all creative. And there are those who don’t have a budget, or much space, but who innovate successfully.For Robert B. Cialdini, Professor of Psychology at Arizona State University, one reason that companies don’t succeed as often as they should is that innovation starts with recruitment. Research shows that the fit between an employee’s values and a company’s values makes a difference to what contribution they make and whether, two years after they join, they’re still at the company. Studies at Harvard Business School show that, although some individuals may be more creative than others, almost every individual can be creative in the right circumstances.One of the most famous photographs in the story of rock’n’roll emphasises Ciaidini’s views. The 1956 picture of singers Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, Johnny Cash and Jerry Lee Lewis jamming at a piano in Sun Studios in Memphis tells a hi dden story. Sun’s ‘million-dollar quartet’ could have been a quintet. Missing from the picture is Roy Orbison, a greater natural singer than Lewis, Perkins or Cash. Sam Phillips, who owned Sun, wanted to revolutionise popular music with songs that fused black and white music, and country and blues. Presley, Cash, Perkins and Lewis instinctively understood Phillips’s ambition and believed in it. Orbison wasn’t inspired by the goal, and only ever achieved one hit with the Sun label.The value fit matters, says Cialdini, because innovation is, in part, a process of change, and under that pressure we, as a species，behave differently, ‘When things change, we are hard-wired to play it safe.’ Managers should therefore adopt an approach that appears counter?intuitive — they should explainwhat stands to be lost if the company fails to seize a particular opportunity. Studies show that we invariably take more gambles when threatened with a loss than when offered a reward.Managing innovation is a delicate art. It’s eas y for a company to be pulled in conflicting directions as the marketing, product development, and finance departments each get different feedback from different sets of people. And without a system which ensures collaborative exchanges within the company, it’s also easy for small ‘pockets of innovation’ to disappear. Innovation is a contact sport. You can’t brief people just by saying, ‘We’re going in this direction and I’m going to take you with me.’Cialdini believes that this ‘follow-the-leader syndrome is dangerous, not least because it encourages bosses to go it alone. ‘It’s been scientifically proven that three people will be better than one at solving problems, even if that one person is the smartest person in the field.’ To prove his point, Cialdini cites an interview with molecular biologist James Watson. Watson, together with Francis Crick, discovered the structure of DNA, the genetic information carrier of all living organisms. ‘When asked how they had cracked the code ahead of an array of highly accomplished rival investigators, he said something that stunned me. He said he and Crick had succeeded because they were aware that they weren’t the most intelligent of the scientists pursuing the answer. The smartest scientist was called Rosalind Franklin who, Watson said, “was so intelligent she rarely sought advice”.’Teamwork taps into one of the basic drivers of human behaviour. ‘The principle of social proof is so pervasive that we don’t even recognise it,’ says Cialdini. ‘If your project is beingresisted, for example, by a group of veteran employees, ask another old-timer to speak up for it.’ Cialdini is not alone in advocating this strategy. Research shows that peer power, used horizontally not vertically, is much more powerful than any boss’s speec h.Writing, visualising and prototyping can stimulate the flow of new ideas. Cialdini cites scores of research papers and historical events that prove that even something as simple as writing deepens every individual’s engagement in the project. It is, he says, the reason why all those competitions on breakfast cereal packets encouraged us to write in saying, in no more than 10 words: ‘I like Kellogg’s Com Flakes because… .’ The very act of writing makes us more likely to believe it.Authority doesn’t have to inhibit innovation but it often does. The wrong kind of leadership will lead to what Cialdini calls ‘captainitis, the regrettable tendency of team members to opt out of team responsibilities that are properly theirs’. He calls it captainitis because, he says, ‘crew members of multipilot aircraft exhibit a sometimes deadly passivity when the flight captain makes a clearly wrong-headed decision’. This behaviour is not, he says, unique to air travel, but can happen in any workplace where the leader is overbearing.At the other end of the scale is the 1980s Memphis design collective, a group of young designers for whom ‘the only rule was that there were no rules’. This environment encouraged a free interchange of ideas, which led to more creativity with form, function, colour and materials that revolutionised attitudes to furniture design.Many theorists believe the ideal boss should lead from behind, taking pride in collective accomplishment and givingcredit where it is due. Cialdini says: ‘Leaders should en courage everyone to contribute and simultaneously assure all concerned that every recommendation is important to making the right decision and will be given full attention.’ The frustrating thing about innovation is that there are many approaches, but no magic formula. However, a manager who wants to create a truly innovative culture can make their job a lot easier by recognising these psychological realities.Questions 27-30Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in boxes 27-30 on your answer sheet.27 The example of the ‘million-dollar quartet’ underlines the writer’s point aboutA recognising talent.B working as a team.C having a shared objective.D being an effective leader.28 James Watson suggests that he and Francis Crick won the race to discover the DNA code because theyA were conscious of their own limitations.B brought complementary skills to their partnership.C were determined to outperform their brighter rivals.D encouraged each other to realise their joint ambition.29 The writer mentions competitions on breakfast cereal packets as an example of how toA inspire creative thinking.B generate concise writing.C promote loyalty to a group.D strengthen commitment to an idea.30 In the last paragraph, the writer suggests that it isimportant for employees toA be aware of their company’s goals.B feel that their contributions are valued.C have respect for their co-workers’ achievements.D understand why certain management decisions are made.Questions 31-35Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-G, below.Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes 31-35 on your answer sheet31 Employees whose values match those of their employers are more likely to32 At times of change, people tend to33 If people are aware of what they might lose, they will often34 People working under a dominant boss are liable to35 Employees working in organisations with few rules are more likely toA take chances.B share their ideas.C become competitive.D get promotion.E avoid risk.F ignore their duties.G remain in their jobs.Questions 36-40Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?In boxes 36-40 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinksabout this36 The physical surroundings in which a person works play a key role in determining their creativity.37 Most people have the potential to be creative.38 Teams work best when their members are of equally matched intelligence.39 It is easier for smaller companies to be innovative.40 A manager’s approval of an idea is more persuasive than that of a colleague.剑桥雅思阅读10原文参考译文(test1)Passage 1 参考译文：梯水井一千年前，对存活于印度最干旱的地区的生命来说，阶梯水丼是非常重要的。
word一二三四级标题格式范文
word一二三四级标题格式范文英文回答：Level 1 Heading Format:Use a bold and larger font size for the level 1 heading.Center-align the heading.Leave some space above and below the heading to make it stand out.中文回答：英文一级标题格式：使用粗体和较大的字体大小来设置一级标题。
将标题居中对齐。
在标题上方和下方留出一些空间，使其突出显示。
Level 2 Heading Format:Use a bold font for the level 2 heading.Left-align the heading.Add some space above the heading to visually separate it from the previous content.中文回答：英文二级标题格式：使用粗体字设置二级标题。
将标题左对齐。
在标题上方添加一些空间，以视觉上与前面的内容分隔开。
Level 3 Heading Format:Use italics for the level 3 heading.Left-align the heading.No additional space is needed above the heading.中文回答：英文三级标题格式：使用斜体字设置三级标题。
将标题左对齐。
在标题上方不需要额外的空间。
Level 4 Heading Format:Use a bold and italic font for the level 4 heading. Left-align the heading.No additional space is needed above the heading.中文回答：英文四级标题格式：使用粗体和斜体字设置四级标题。
计算机应用基础上机操作步骤
1、打开当前试题目录中的TEST1.DOC，文件，并完成如下操作1 ）在“…”基于“Windows95/98”后添加“操作系统的‟文字段；2 将文档中的所有中文字体改为黑体四，英文/数字字体为Arial粗体四号；3 ）保存文档步骤：１、打开 Word 试题环境单击“打开”按扭，选中 TEST1．DOC，单击“打开”。
2、光标移到“…基于Windows95/98”后，输入“操作系统的”文字。
3、选中所有中文，在格式菜单中设置“黑体、四号；选中所有英文/数字，在格式菜单中设置“Arial、粗体、四号。
4、单击“保存”按扭。
2、打开当前试题目录中的TEST2.DOC 文件，并完成如下操作：1 ）在“．一张CD-R0M 后添加“不但可以”文字段;2 )将文档中的所有中文字体改为黑体四号，英文/ 数字字体为CourierNew 粗体四号；3 ）保存文档步骤：１、打开 Word 试题环境，单击“打开”按扭，选中TEST2．DOC，单击“打开”。
2、光标放在“…一张CD—ROM”后，“不但可以”文字段。
3、选中文档中的所有中文字体，在格式工具栏上设置“黑体、四号”，选中文档中的所有英文/数字，在格式工具栏上设置“Courier New、粗体、四号。
4、单击“保存”按扭。
3、打开当前试题目录中的TEST3．DOC 文件并完成下面操作：1 )在“1995 年推出的”后添加“六十四”文字段；2 )将文档中的所有中文字体改为楷体-GB2312四号，英文/数字字体为Arial 粗体四号3 )保存文档步骤：１、打开Word试题环境，单击“打开”按扭，选中TEST3．DOC，单击“打开”。
2、光标移到“1995年推出的”后，输入“六十四位”文字。
3、选中所有中文，在格式菜单中设置“、楷体-GB2312四号；选中所有英文/数字，在格式菜单中设置“Arial、粗体、四号”。
4、单击“保存”按扭。
4、打开当前试题目录中的TEST4.DOC 文件，并完成下面操作1 )在才“…“如果用”后添加“每毫米 12 点的”文字段；2) 文档中的所有中文字体改为楷体 GB2312 四号，英文/数字字体为Arial四号 ;3 ）保存文档步骤：１、打开Word试题环境单击“打开”按扭，选中TEST4．DOC.单击“打开”。
pet《新版1(标准版)》等级考试英语试卷test1试卷
pet《新版1(标准版)》等级考试英语试卷test1试卷全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Pet (New Edition 1 - Standard Version) Level Test 1Reading and Writing SectionPart 1 - Reading ComprehensionRead the passage below and answer the questions that follow:The Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest coral reef system. It is located off the coast of Queensland in northeastern Australia and stretches over 1,400 miles. The reef is home to a wide variety of marine life, including over 1,500 species of fish and 400 species of coral. It is a popular destination for tourists and divers from around the world.1. Where is the Great Barrier Reef located?a) Caribbeanb) Australiac) Hawaiid) Florida2. How long is the Great Barrier Reef?a) 1,200 milesb) 800 milesc) 1,400 milesd) 1,000 miles3. How many species of fish can be found in the Great Barrier Reef?a) 1,000b) 500c) 1,500d) 2,000Part 2 - WritingWrite a short paragraph (5-7 sentences) about your favorite pet. Include information about its breed, age, personality, and any special traits it has.Listening SectionPart 1 - Multiple ChoiceListen to the audio clip and answer the questions that follow:1. What is the man's favorite outdoor activity?a) Swimmingb) Hikingc) Bikingd) Fishing2. What does the woman say she will do next weekend?a) Visit her parentsb) Go shoppingc) Attend a concertd) Have a picnicPart 2 - True or FalseListen to the audio clip and determine if the statements are true or false:1. The man prefers reading over watching movies.2. The woman will be traveling to Europe next month.3. The man is planning a trip to the beach next weekend.Speaking SectionPart 1 - IntroductionIntroduce yourself to the examiner. Include information about your name, age, occupation, and where you are from.Part 2 - Topic DiscussionDiscuss the following topic with the examiner:Describe your favorite holiday destination. Include information about the location, activities to do there, and why you enjoy visiting it.Part 3 - Role PlayIn this section, you will have a conversation with the examiner. You will be given a scenario to act out, such as making a restaurant reservation or asking for directions.Overall, this test assesses your reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills in English. Good luck!篇2PET (Preliminary English Test) is a certification test that assesses the English language proficiency of non-native speakers. It is an important tool for individuals who wish to study or work in English-speaking countries, as well as for those who simply want to improve their English skills. The new version of the PET test, also known as the "Standard Version," has been designed to provide a more comprehensive evaluation of candidates' abilities in reading, writing, listening, and speaking.Test 1 of the PET exam includes a variety of questions that test different language skills. In the reading section, candidates are required to read and understand a series of texts, ranging from simple articles to more complex passages. They must answer multiple-choice questions to demonstrate their comprehension and vocabulary knowledge.The writing section of the test asks candidates to write a short essay or letter based on a given prompt. This section tests their ability to express ideas clearly and cohesively in written form. Additionally, candidates must complete a listening exercise where they listen to a series of recordings and answer questions based on what they have heard.The speaking portion of the test involves a face-to-face interview with an examiner. Candidates are asked a series ofquestions and are expected to respond with clear and concise answers. This section assesses their ability to communicate effectively in spoken English.Overall, the PET test provides a comprehensive evaluation of candidates' English language skills. By successfully completing this exam, individuals can demonstrate their proficiency in English and increase their opportunities for study, work, and personal development. It is an important stepping stone for those looking to advance their English language abilities and achieve their goals in an English-speaking environment.篇3【Pet "New Version 1 (Standard Edition)" Level Test English Test Paper Test 1】Part 1: Reading ComprehensionRead the following passage and answer the questions below.A new study has shown that having a pet can have a positive impact on our mental health. The study, conducted by researchers at the University of York, found that pet owners were less likely to suffer from depression and anxiety compared to those who did not have pets. This is because pets providecompanionship and unconditional love, which can help reduce stress levels and improve our overall well-being.1. What did the study conducted by researchers at the University of York find?2. Why are pet owners less likely to suffer from depression and anxiety?Part 2: VocabularyChoose the best word to complete each sentence.1. My dog loves to ________ in the park every morning.A) fetchB) bringC) take2. Cats are known for their ________ behavior.A) independentB) dependentC) rely3. I need to ________ my dog to the veterinarian for his check-up.A) bringB) takeC) pickPart 3: GrammarChoose the correct form of the verb in each sentence.1. I ________ my cat to the groomers last week.A) takeB) tookC) takes2. Dogs are loyal animals that ________ unconditional love.A) givesB) giveC) gave3. My pet parrot ________ a lot of noise in the morning.A) makesB) makeC) madePart 4: WritingWrite a short paragraph about why you think having a pet is beneficial for our mental health. Use examples from your own experience if possible.Overall, having a pet can bring joy, companionship, and comfort to our lives. They can help reduce feelings of loneliness and increase our overall happiness. Pets are there for us unconditionally, providing love and support when we need it most. It's no wonder that studies have shown that pet owners often have better mental health compared to non-pet owners.I hope you found this test paper helpful in preparing for your pet exam. Good luck!。
用PHP生成WORD,EXCEL文件等(附格式数组)
echo "test1\t";
echo "test2\t\n";
echo "test1\t";
echo "test2\t\n";
?>
//改动相应文件头就可以输出.doc .xls等文件格式了
$output .= '<tr bgcolor="#cccccc"><td align="center">图片</td></tr>';
$output .= '<tr bgcolor="#f6f7fa"><td><span style="color:#FF0000;"><strong>下面是一张图片</strong></span></td></tr>';
'wav' => 'audio/wav',
'mp3' => 'audio/mpeg',
'mp2' => 'audio/mpeg',
'avi' => 'video/x-msvideo',
'mpeg' => 'video/mpeg',
'mpg' => 'video/mpeg',
'qt' => 'video/quicktime',
NPOI在word中插入表格合并单元格
NPOI在word中插⼊表格合并单元格在使⽤NPOI操作制作word数据模板时，需要在word中插⼊表格，包括合并单元格的⽅式图例：1，没有合并单元的⽅式创建表格，这种⽅式是提前创建好所需要的表格，然后再往⾥⾯填数XWPFDocument doc= new XWPFDocument();//创建表格-提前创建好表格后填数XWPFTable tableContent = doc.CreateTable(4, 5);//4⾏5列tableContent.Width = 1000 * 5;tableContent.SetColumnWidth(0, 1000);/* 设置列宽 */tableContent.SetColumnWidth(1, 1500);tableContent.SetColumnWidth(2, 1500);tableContent.SetColumnWidth(3, 1000);tableContent.GetRow(0).GetCell(0).SetParagraph(SetCellText(doc, tableContent, "地点"));tableContent.GetRow(0).GetCell(1).SetParagraph(SetCellText(doc, tableContent, "⽇期"));tableContent.GetRow(0).GetCell(2).SetParagraph(SetCellText(doc, tableContent, "男性"));tableContent.GetRow(0).GetCell(3).SetParagraph(SetCellText(doc, tableContent, "⼥性"));tableContent.GetRow(0).GetCell(4).SetParagraph(SetCellText(doc, tableContent, "合计"));//测试数据格式//string[,] siblings = new string[3, 5] { { "航天桥", "-", "0", "0", "0" }, { "马甸", "-", //"0", "0", "0" }, { "洋桥", "04⽉16⽇ - 05⽉31⽇", "0", "0", "0" } }; //List<ArrayList> list=Common.PubVars.listTable;for (int i = 0; i < list.Count;i++)//有3个数组{ArrayList ls=list[i];for (int j = 0; j < ls.Count;j++){tableContent.GetRow(i + 1).GetCell(j).SetParagraph(SetCellText(doc, tableContent, ls[j].ToString()));}}//设置字体样式public XWPFParagraph SetCellText(XWPFDocument doc, XWPFTable table, string setText){//table中的⽂字格式设置CT_P para = new CT_P();XWPFParagraph pCell = new XWPFParagraph(para, table.Body);pCell.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.CENTER;//字体居中pCell.VerticalAlignment = TextAlignment.CENTER;//字体居中XWPFRun r1c1 = pCell.CreateRun();r1c1.SetText(setText);r1c1.FontSize = 12;r1c1.FontFamily = "华⽂楷体";//r1c1.SetTextPosition(20);//设置⾼度return pCell;}2，合并单元格的⽅式，这种⽅式需要⼀⾏⼀⾏的创建并操作合并，填⼊数据，//数据样例//string[,] siblings = new string[10, 7] {//{ "1", "test1", "0", "0", "0","0","0" },//{ "2", "test2", "0", "0", "0","0", "0" },//{ "3", "test3", "0", "0", "0","0", "0"},//{ "4", "test4", "0", "0", "0","0", "0"},//{ "5", "test5", "0", "0", "0","0", "0"},//{ "6", "test6", "0", "0", "0","0", "0"},//{ "7", "test7", "0", "0", "0","0", "0"},//{ "8", "test8", "0", "0", "0","0", "0"},//{ "9", "test9", "0", "0", "0","0", "0"},//{ "10","test10", "0", "0", "0","0", "0"},//};List<ArrayList> listYcTable=new List<ArrayList>();int rows = list.Count;int col = 0;foreach (ArrayList al in list){col = al.Count;//列数}//创建表格XWPFTable table = doc.CreateTable(1, col);//思路，数据⼀⾏⼀⾏画table.RemoveRow(0);//去掉第⼀⾏空⽩的table.Width = 1000 * 5;table.SetColumnWidth(0, 300);/* 设置列宽 */table.SetColumnWidth(1, 1200);for (int i = 0; i < col - 3; i++){table.SetColumnWidth(2 + i, 800);/* 设置列宽 */}table.SetColumnWidth(col - 1, 700);CT_Row nr = new CT_Row();XWPFTableRow mr = new XWPFTableRow(nr, table);//创建⾏table.AddRow(mr);//将⾏添加到table中XWPFTableCell c1 = mr.CreateCell();//创建单元格CT_Tc ct = c1.GetCTTc();CT_TcPr cp = ct.AddNewTcPr();//第1⾏cp.AddNewVMerge().val = ST_Merge.restart;//合并⾏cp.AddNewVAlign().val = ST_VerticalJc.center;//垂直ct.GetPList()[0].AddNewPPr().AddNewJc().val = ST_Jc.center;ct.GetPList()[0].AddNewR().AddNewT().Value = "序号";c1 = mr.CreateCell();//创建单元格ct = c1.GetCTTc();cp = ct.AddNewTcPr();cp.AddNewVMerge().val = ST_Merge.restart;//合并⾏cp.AddNewVAlign().val = ST_VerticalJc.center;//垂直ct.GetPList()[0].AddNewPPr().AddNewJc().val = ST_Jc.center;ct.GetPList()[0].AddNewR().AddNewT().Value = "指标名称";c1 = mr.CreateCell();//创建单元格ct = c1.GetCTTc();cp = ct.AddNewTcPr();cp.gridSpan = new CT_DecimalNumber();cp.gridSpan.val = Convert.ToString(col - 3); //合并列cp.AddNewVAlign().val = ST_VerticalJc.center;ct.GetPList()[0].AddNewPPr().AddNewJc().val = ST_Jc.center;//单元格内容居中显⽰ct.GetPList()[0].AddNewR().AddNewT().Value = "年龄段";c1 = mr.CreateCell();//创建单元格ct = c1.GetCTTc();cp = ct.AddNewTcPr();cp.AddNewVMerge().val = ST_Merge.restart;//合并⾏cp.AddNewVAlign().val = ST_VerticalJc.center;//垂直ct.GetPList()[0].AddNewPPr().AddNewJc().val = ST_Jc.center;ct.GetPList()[0].AddNewR().AddNewT().Value = "合计";//=====第⼀⾏表头结束=========//2⾏，多⾏合并类似nr = new CT_Row();mr = new XWPFTableRow(nr, table);table.AddRow(mr);c1 = mr.CreateCell();//创建单元格ct = c1.GetCTTc();cp = ct.AddNewTcPr();cp.AddNewVMerge().val = ST_Merge.@continue;//合并⾏序号c1 = mr.CreateCell();//创建单元格ct = c1.GetCTTc();cp = ct.AddNewTcPr();cp.AddNewVMerge().val = ST_Merge.@continue;//合并⾏指标名称//年龄段分组//["20岁以下","21-30","31-40","41-50","51-60","70岁以上"]ArrayList alAge = Common.PubVars.ageGroup;//年龄段数组for (int i = 0; i < alAge.Count; i++){mr.CreateCell().SetText(Convert.ToString(alAge[i]));//年龄段单元格}c1 = mr.CreateCell();//创建单元格ct = c1.GetCTTc();cp = ct.AddNewTcPr();cp.AddNewVMerge().val = ST_Merge.@continue;//合并⾏合计//====第⼆⾏要合并的for (int i = 0; i < list.Count; i++){//创建⼀⾏nr = new CT_Row();mr = new XWPFTableRow(nr, table);table.AddRow(mr);for (int j = 0; j < list[i].Count; j++){//每⼀⾏创建对应的数据mr.CreateCell().SetText(list[i][j].ToString());// table.GetRow(i + 1).GetCell(j).SetParagraph(SetCellText(doc, table, list[i][j].ToString())); }}合并单元格有跨列合并，和跨⾏分部，两个关键点：跨列合并cp.gridSpan = new CT_DecimalNumber();//实例化数字必须cp.gridSpan.val = “3”; //合并列合并3列跨⾏合并cp.AddNewVMerge().val = ST_Merge.restart;//合并⾏--开始⾏cp.AddNewVMerge().val = ST_Merge.@continue;//合并⾏--到合并⾏//合并的单元格--边创建边合并。
word自测题及答案
答案：打开test1文件，把光标定位在“…基于Windows 95／98”的后面，键入文字“操作系统的”（不带双引号），然后选中汉字部分（间隔的按住ctrl键选择），按要求设置字体字号，在用同样的方法选择英文和数字，设置字体字号，保存。
答案：打开test2文件，把光标定位在…“一张CD-ROM”的后面，键入文字“不但可以”（不带双引号），然后选中汉字部分（间隔的按住ctrl键选择），按要求设置字体字号，再用同样的方法选择英文和数字，设置字体字号，保存。
答案：打开test3文件，把光标定位在…“1995年推出的”后面，键入文字“六十四位”（不带双引号），然后选中汉字部分（间隔的按住ctrl键选择），按要求设置字体字号，再用同样的方法选择英文和数字，设置字体字号，保存。
答案：打开test4文件，把光标定位在“…如果用”后面，键入文字“每毫米12点的”（不带双引号），然后选中汉字部分（间隔的按住ctrl键选择），按要求设置字体字号，再用同样的方法选择英文和数字，设置字体字号，保存。
答案：打开test6文件，把光标定位在“…透出严谨”的后面，键入文字“风格倾向华丽富贵”（不带双引号），然后选中第一行文字，按要求设置字体字号，再选择正文，设置字体字号，保存。
答案：（1）打开test5文件，选中第一行标题，按要求设置格式，再选中正文文字，按要求设置格式。
（2）选中**,插入－符号－在“字体”中选择字符集Symbol，在“字符代码”中输入190，确定，重复上述步骤，再插入一个同样的符号。
保存。
答案：（1）打开test8文件，选中第一行标题，按要求设置格式。
（2）选中第一行前面的**,插入－符号－在“字体”中选择字符集Symbol，在“字符代码”中输入190，确定，再选择第一行后面的**,重复上述步骤，再插入一个同样的符号。
(3)选中正文中所有中文（标题除外），选择下划线按钮后面的小箭头，选择第一个单实线。
保存。
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Productive Vocabulary Levels Test Version AComplete the underlined words as in the following example. He was riding a bi. He was riding a bi cycle.THE 2,000 WORD LEVEL1 They will restore the house to its orig state.2 My favourite spo is football.3 Each room has its own priv bath and WC.4 The tot number of students at the university is 12,347.5 They met to ele a president.6 Many companies were manufac computers.7 In AD 636 an Arab army won a famous vict over another army.8 The lakes become ice-free and the snow mel .9 They managed to steal and hi some knives.10 I asked the group to inv her to the party.11 She shouted at him for spoi her lovely evening.12 You must spend less until your deb are paid.13 His mother looked at him with love and pri .14 The wind roa through the forest.15 There was fle and blood everywhere.16 She earns a high sal as a lawyer.17 The sick child had a very high tempe .18 The bir of her first child was a difficult time for her.1 They need to spend less on adminis and more on production.2 He saw an ang from Heaven.3 The entire he of goats was killed.4 Two old men were sitting on a park ben and talking.5 She always showed char towards those who needed help.6 He had a big house in the Cape Prov .7 Oh Harold darl , I am sorry. I did not mean to upset you.8 Judy found herself listening to the last ec of her shoes on the hard floor.9 He cut three large sli of bread.10 He sat in the shade beneath the pa trees.11 He had a crazy sch for perfecting the world.12 They get a big thr out of car-racing.13 At the beginning of their journey they encoun an English couple.14 Nothing illus his selfishness more clearly than his behaviour to his wife.15 He took the bag and tos it into the bushes.16 Every year she looked forward to her ann holiday.17 There is a defi date for the wedding.18 His voice was loud and sav , and shocked them all to silence.1 Some people find it difficult to become independent. Instead they prefer to be tied to their mother's ap strings.2 After finishing his degree, he entered upon a new ph in his career.3 The workmen cleaned up the me before they left.4 On Sunday, in his last se in Church, the priest spoke against child abuse.5 I saw them sitting on st at the bar drinking beer.6 Her favorite musical instrument was a tru .7 The building is heated by a modern heating appa .8 He received many com on his dancing skill.9 The government raised extra rev through tax..10 At the bottom of a blackboard there is a le for chalk.11 After falling off his bicycle, the boy was covered with bru .12 The child was holding a doll in her arms and hu it.13 We'll have to be inventive and de a scheme for earning more money.14 The picture looks nice; the colours bl really well.15 Nuts and vegetables are considered who food.16 The garden was full of fra flowers.17 Many people feel depressed and gl about the future of the mankind.18 She ski happily down the path.THE UNIVERSITY WORD LIST LEVEL1 The afflu of the western world contrasts with the poverty in other parts.2 The book covers a series of isolated epis from history.3 Farmers are introducing innova that increase the productivity per worker.4 They are suffering from a vitamin defic .5 There is a short term oscill of the share index.6 They had other means of acquiring wealth, pres , and power.7 The parts were arranged in an arrow-head configu .8 The learners were studying a long piece of written disco .9 People have proposed all kinds of hypot about what these things are.10 The giver prefers to remain anony .11 The elephant is indig to India.12 You'll need a mini deposit of $20,000.13 Most towns have taken some eleme civil defence precautions.14 The presentation was a series of sta images.15 This action was necessary for the uli success of the revolution.16 He had been expe from school for stealing.17 The lack of money depressed and frust him.18 The money from fruit-picking was a suppl to their regular income.THE 10000-WORD LEVEL1 He wasn't serious about art. He just da in it.2 Her parents will never acq to such an unsuitable marriage.3 Pack the dresses so that they won't cre .4 Traditionally, men were expected to nu women and children.5 Religious people would never bl against God.6 The car sk on the wet road.7 The politician delivered an arrogant and pom speech.8 The Romans used to hire au troops to help them in their battles.9 At the funeral, the family felt depressed and mo .10 His pu little arms and legs looked pathetic.11 A vol person will change moods easily.12 The debate was so long and tedious that it seemed int .13 Drink it all and leave only the dre .14 A hungry dog will sa at the smell of food.15 The girl's clothes and shoes were piled up in a ju on the floor.16 Some monks live apart from society in total sec .17 The enemy suffered heavy cas in the battle.18 When the Xmas celebrations and rev ended, there were plenty of drunk people everywhere.。