英美文化与概况复习题

英美文化与概况期末考试填空与简答复习题1、正误判断题：( 40题15')1.Ireland was an independent kingdom before the Anglo-Saxon invaders came. ( )2.State-run school in Britain is also called public school. ( )3.Britain is an island country, with its coastline running about 8,000 kilometers. ( )4.Most British families are extended families. ( )5.Great Britain’s coastline is highly regular with many bays and inlets that provide lots ofharbors and shelters for ships and boats. ( )6.Hispanics refers to the Spanish-speaking people from Latin America. ( )7.To the north of Great Britain the seaway is open and leads to the Arctic Ocean. ( )8.Most Jews went to America during the First World War. ( )9.Most English weather experts find it easy to give a correct and reliable weather forecast.( )10.Both Welsh and Scottish people are descendents of Celts. ( )11.Noble class has already disappeared in Britain since the first industrial revolution. ( )12.Nowadays, a majority of British people believe in the Church of Rome. ( )13.Nowadays, marriage is still regarded as a holy relationship and can not be terminated tilldeath. ( )14.The development of Middle English was greatly influenced by French and Latin. ( )15.Like U.S.A, the United Kingdom is also a melting-pot of different cultures. ( )16.London, the capital of the UK, is situated on the Severn River near its mouth. ( )n and black minorities are no longer suffering from discrimination anddisadvantages. ( )18.The Constitution of the United States provides that vice-president shall be President ofthe Senate. ( )19.English people originate from the descendents of English-speaking Anglo-Saxons andthe Jutes. ( )20.The Supreme Court is the highest court of the United States. ( )21.The expansion of the British Empire helped to spread English into many countries andplaces all over the world. ( )22. Henry VI was responsible for the establishment of the Church of England. ( )23. In terms of structure, the British central government includes three parts: the monarch, Parliament, and the cabinet. ( )24. Britain was the first nation to establish a nuclear power station. ( )25. Parliament is the supreme legislative organ of the United Kingdom. It consists of three parts: the prime minister, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons. ( )26. Britain produced many great scientists, such as Newton, Faraday, Darwin and Einstein. ( )27. The nationalized industries in Britain include coalmining, electricity, telecommunications, railways, etc. ( )28. One of the basic principles of English law is “natural law”, which means moral law. ( )29. Britain has more than 90 universities, and about one-third of their students are postgraduates.( )30. Easter Day always arrives in summer. ( )31. To expand higher education, Britain founded the TV University in 1969. ( )32. British universities generally aim to develop students’ creativity and analytical skills for careers. ( )33. British universities, different in size and academic level, are governed in a different way. ( )34. Most students, poor or rich, try to earn some money by taking jobs in winter for six weeks. ( )35. In British legal system, the principle of “habeas Corpus” serves as a protection against arbitrary arrest and imprisonment. ( )36. More than 81 Oxford mathematicians and scientists have won Nobel prizes. ( )37. Prime ministers from 1945 to 1974 were once students at Cambridge. That is why the Cambridge University is called “the cradle of British prime ministers.”( )38. Nowadays, Thanksgiving Day has generalized to be a reminder of being grateful for all you hope to possess. ( )39. Easter Day is the second most important religious holidays for Christians in the United States. ( )40. The life of congress is two years, and Representatives come up for re-election every four years ( )2、知识填空题：( 40题15')1.Of all these isles, the largest one is called . For the sake of convenience,GreatBritain is often shortened to .2.United Kingdom is made up of four parts, England, Wales, Scotland and NorthernIreland.3.The island of Great Britain can be divided into two parts according to its geographicfeatures: the in the north and west and the in the south and southeast.4.In America, The presiding officer of the senate is the _________________ of theUnited States who serves as chairman when the Senate is in session.5.Britain did not produce cotton and textile industry used to rely on _______ as theprincipal fiber.6.In Britain, the city ___________ is well known for its production of automobiles,electricity equipment, electronics, munitions, and arms.7.British government is produced through contest between two major political partiesevery ____ years8.British can enjoy higher education in three ways: _____________, polytechnics and__________________.9.Mainland America is situated in the southern part of North America with two landNeighbors, _________ to the north and _________ to the south.10.The longest river in Britain is the River ，which runs 355 kilometers andempties into the Bristol Strait.11._____________ is the place where American President lives and works.12.British’s population is overwhelmingly , with about 90% living in urban areasand 10% living in areas.13.Britain invented the locomotive and was the first country to build a in theworld in 1825.14.One of the most important US government principle is “Checks and ___________”.15.The majority of the British people believe in , which is the religion of thefollowers of .16.The most important and longest river running through the middle plain of America is_____________________.17.The U.K. has two churches: the Church of and the Churchof .18.Important heavy industries in Britain include _____________ and_____________.19.is the official language of the United Kingdom as well as the firstlanguage of the vast majority of its citizens.20.The power of Federal Government in America comes from the power delegated from_________ government.20. In Britain, the place where parliament has sessions in London is ________________.21. The US Congress has two chambers, the _________ and the ______________________. The Senate comprises ___ Senators, _____ from each of the 50 states22. In early times, British nobility can be divided into nobility and nobility according to the amount of the land they possessed.23. In Britain, the nucleus of the government is known as the , which is headed by the prime minister.24. In the United Kingdom, politics is under the control of political , and this is known as party politics.25. The US Constitution protects freedom of ________ and freedom of _________ so that common people can make their opinions known.26. The highest court in Britain is __________________.27. If the jury cannot reach a unanimous agreement, it becomes known as a jury.28. The English legal profession is divided into two branches:and .29. Britain was the first country to introduce a new economic system known as enterprise.30.To meet the increasing need and protect environment, Britain has begun to develop some new energies, such as _________, deriving from waste and crops..31.Traditionally, the British culture has been characterized by its requirement of and civility in doing things.32. To the south of San Francisco locates a famous valley, named __________________, which has now become the center of America’s electronic industry.33. The Mississippi River Valley, also known as the ______________, consists of the large area between the ____________ on the east and the __________ Mountains on the west. 34. Britain has traditionally been a manufacturing nation and was once known as the“__ of the world.”35. One of the most famous natural park in America, Yellow Stone National Park, is situated in the state _________.36. ____________, the most striking gambling city in America, completely relies on the water from the Colorado River.37. Everything related with family life, including family meals, is regarded as in Britain.38. The working class people usually have a “tea” with hot dishes at about 5 o’clock in the afternoon; while the middle-class people normally have an early “tea”at about 4 or 5 o’clock in the afternoon.40.Private schools in Britain are officially called schools because they are independent of the government.2、简答问题：（15题20'）1.Why is America compared to a melting-pot?2.What are the characters of typical British people?3.Why do British people like to talk about weather so much?4.What changes have taken place in British families? What are thepossible causes for those changes?5.Who are the famous Queens in British history? Please write downtheir names.6.What are the advantages and disadvantages of Jury Trial?7.What are the popular festivals in America? Please list two or threenames of them.8.What is the function of monarch in Britain?9.Why is British government system called “ConstitutionalMonarchy”?10.P lease list some famous rivers in America.11.W hat measures can government take to adjust the development ofeconomy?12.W hy do some Historians call black Americans “unwillingimmigrants”?13.W hat are the factors that can help you decide social status of aman in British society?14.W hat are the spirits American People worship?15.H ow does American government system demonstrate the principleof “Checks and Balances”?。