(完整)形容词的比较级和最高级知识讲解及练习整理

形容词的比较级和最高级知识讲解及练习

2Task1.形容词的主要句法功能（让学生举例说明）

1. 做定语，放于名词前或不定代词后。如：I have something interesting to tell you.

2. 做表语，放于系动词后。如：The bookjs very useful.

3. 做宾语补足语，放在keep, make, leave, find等动词的宾语后做宾语补足语。

如：Don' t keep the door closed.

4. 以a-开头的形容词alive, asleep, afraid, alone等一般只做表语（alive 有时可做后

置定语）

5. the加上某些形容词相当于名词，表示某一类人或事物。如：The

bli nd n eed help.

6. 修饰表示长度、宽度和厚度等计量单位的词时，要后置。女口：half a

meter deep

7. 下列以-ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词：friendly, silly, lovely,lonely,lively 等。

8. 多个形容词作定语时顺序，“限观形龄颜国材”。如：a small old blank

woode n desk

Task2.副词的主要句法功能（学生举例说明）

9. 做状语，修饰形容词副词，通常放在所修饰词之前；修饰动词时，一般放在被修

饰词之后；位于句首，修饰整个句子。Luckily, he wasn，t badly hurt.

10. 做定语，一般放在所修饰词之后。如：the people here, the man upstairs

11形容词变副词规则变化：

①直接加ly②以“辅音+y结尾的词，变y为i，再加-ly ”③le结尾变le

为ly

Eg: possible--- possibly terrible--- terrible comfortable -comfortably simple —simply gen tle---ge ntly ④本身既是形容词也是副词

fast ,early , high , hard , late ,far ,wide ,alo ne ⑤初中阶段唯一一个需

要去掉字母e的单词true --truly ⑥不用去掉字母e。类似的词还有：widely,

ni cely, closely, rudely, bravely, extremely, politely

12e nough形容词和副词的后面13hard/hardly几乎不

I .常见的形容词及比较级和最高级的构成

（1）规则变化：

①单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er

Eg: calm---calmer tall---taller smart---smarter

②以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-r

Eg: nice---ni cer fine---finer large---larger

③以“辅音+y结尾的词，变y为i ,再加-er ”

Eg: early---earlier happy---happier busy-busier

④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，再加-er

Eg: big---bigger thin---thinner hot---hotter

⑤多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加more

Eg: popular---more popular important---more importa nt

（2）特殊变化：

② .他的头发比我的短。His hair is _________ (short) than _________ .

He has ________ (short) hair tha n ________ .

(注意比较对象的一致性)

③ .英语比语文重要。English is ________________ (important) than Chinese.

④ .我来的比你晚。I come ________ (late) than you.(副词的比较级)

2. 表达“ A和B 一样”，用A…as原级as B

①他和我一样高。He is as ________ (tall) as I/me.

②英语比语文重要。En glish is as ______________ (importa nt) as

Chin ese.

③他的头发和我的头发一样长。His hair is ________________________

mine.

④他学习和你一样努力。He works ______ hard ______ you.

3. 表达“ A 不如B ”，用A •- not+as/so+原级+as+B。

①辆车不像那辆车一样贵。This car is _____________________

(expensiv^ _____ that one.

=This car is _____________ / ____ than that

one.

=That car is _____________ tha n this one.

②今天没有昨天暖和。Today ___________________ (warm) _______

yesterday.

=Yesterday _______________ tha n today.