完整word版,初三英语语法及练习题

1( ) 1 -Have you got some water to drink?

-Here you are. There___ still some in the bottle.

A. are

B. were

C. is

D. was

( ) 2 _____ there many American friends in the school last Friday?

A. Is

B. Was

C. Are

D. Were

( ) 3 There ____ a great many accidents last year.

A. were

B. are

C. is

D. was

( ) 4 -How many children ____ in the picture?

-Three.

A. has there

B. is there

C. have there

D. are there

( ) 1 In 1850, about a third of U. S. A___ covered by forests.

A. were

B. has been

C. /

D. was

( ) 2 Most of our earth____ covered by water.

A. are

B. is

C. was

D. were

( ) 3 Sunday ____ the first day of the week.

A. is

B. are

C. am

D. be

( ) 4 Neither___right.

A. answers are

B. answers aren't

C. answer is

D. answer isn't

( ) 1 The population of the world ____ still ____ now.

A. has; grown

B. will; grow

C. is; growing

D. is grown

( ) 2 There ____ many people running in the park every morning.

A. is

B. were

C. are

D. have

( ) 3 These police often___the children across the street.

A. help

B. helps

C. helping

D. is helping

( ) 1 ___ going to England by air next week.

A. The Green family are

B. The Greens family are

C. The Green's family are

D. Green family are

( ) 2 The whole family ____ enjoying the beautiful music now.

A. is all

B. all is

C. all are

D. are all

( ) 3 Our class ___ big.

A. is

B. are

C. were

D. will

( ) 1 Neither he nor I ____ from Canada. We are from Australia.

A. is

B. are

C. am

D. be

( ) 2 Either you or he ____ right.

A. are

B. is

C. does

D. were

( ) 3 Neither Mary nor her brother____ good at singing.

A. is

B. are

C. is not

D. are not

( ) 4 Not only Tom but also Alice and Mary ____ busy.

A. is

B. was

C. are

D. has

( ) 1 Physics ___ interesting to us.

A. are

B. has

C. is

D. were

( ) 2 The news____ exciting. We got excited at it.

A. is

B. was

C. were

D. are

( ) 3 Though mathematics____ hard, we all work at it hard.

A. are

B. were

C. was

D. is

参考答案：

1. 1 -4 C D A D

2. 1-4 D B A C

3. 1 -3 C C A

4. 1 -3 A D A

5. 1 -4 C B A C

6. 1 -3 C B D

一、常使用动词不定式的短语

1、It’s time to do sth.\ It’s time for sth 该做某事的时候了.

2、can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待要做某事

3、ask /telle sb. (not ) to do sth. 要求/告诉某人(不)做某事

4、allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事

5、be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事

6、Would like /want (sb.) to do sth. 想要做某事

7、have sth/nothing to do with 与...有关/与…无关

8、find it +adj. to do sth. 发觉做某事…

9、prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事,而不愿做某事

10、It’s +adj. for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说…

11、It’s better /best to do sth. 最好做某事

12、It takes sb. sometime. to do sth. 某人做某事用了一些时间

二、常用动名词的短语

1、 enjoy /like /love doing sth. 喜欢做某事

2、 keep /keep on /carry on / go on doing sth. 继续做某事

3、feel like doing sth. 想要做某事

4、practise doing sth. 练习作某事

5、give up doing sth. 放弃作某事

6、be good at= do well in\on doing sth. 擅长做某事

7、pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事

8、what about/ how about doing sth.…. 怎么样(好吗)?

9、Thank you for doing sth. 为…感谢某人

10、mind doing sth. 介意做某事

11、be used for doing sth./ be used to do sth. 、被用来做某事

12、spend …(in) doing sth. 花时间做某事

13、be busy doing/ with sth. 忙于做某事

14、finish doing sth. 做完某事

15、look forward to doing. 盼望做某事

16、prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢…胜过…

17、be/get used to doing sth. 习惯做某事

18、keep / stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人作某事

19. give one's life to doing sth 为做某事献出生命

三、省略动词不定式的短语

1、一看二听三使役

see/ hear/ feel/ notice/ look at /listen to sb. do sth. 看见/听见/感觉/注意某人做某事make /let /have sb. do sth. 使/让某人做某事

2、help sb. (to) do sth/ with sth. 帮助某人做某事

3、 had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事

4、 Why don’t you/ not do sth. 为什么不做某事？

5、Would /Will / Could you please (not) do sth. 请你(不)做某事好吗?

四、同义词比较

1、 stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking.

stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事 After he worked for an hour, he stopped to have a rest.

2、 forget / remember to do sth. 忘记/记得要去作某事 Please remember to bring my book to school.

forget / remember doing sth. 忘记\记得曾经做过某事 I remember doing my homework

3、 used to do sth. 过去常常作某事

be used to do sth. 被用来作某事

be used to doing sth. 习惯于作某事

My father used to smoke.

Wood is used to make paper.

I am used to getting up early.

4、So +be/助动词/情态动词 + 主语…也一样

So +主语+be/助动词/ 情态动词是呀,表示赞同别人的观点Neither + be /助动词/ 情态动词+主语…也不一样（用于否定句） He has been to Beijing. So have I.

It’s a fine day. So it is.

She doesn’t like eggs. Neither do I.

5、 too…to do sth. 太…而不能…

so +adj. /adv + that(从句) 如此…以致…

such +（a/an +adj.）+n.+ that(从句) 如此…以致…

(not) enough (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事(不)够

The boy is too young to go to school.

The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.

He is suc h a young boy that he can’t go to school.

The boy is not old enough to go to school.

五、常考知识点

1、keep +adj. 保持…状态

keep (sb.) doing sth. 继续做某事/使某人老是做某事

Everyone should keep our classroom clean.

It’s too late, but he still keeps working.

Lily always keeps us waiting for her.

2、make+ sb. + n. 使某人成为

make + sb. + adj. 使某人…

make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

Sb. be made to sth. 某人被迫做某事

We made Peter our monitor.

Books make us happy.

He often makes me laugh.

The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.

3、I don’t think that 我认为…不

I don’t think you are right.

4、It’s /was/has been+ some time +since+一般过去时…自从…以来有多久了

It has been two years since we met last time.

6What do you mean by?=What does .. mean?=what is the meaning of...?是什么意思? What do you mean by “computer”?=What does “computer”mean?=what is the meaning of "computer"?

7、 What do you think of…/How do you like …?你认为…怎么样?

What do you think of this film /How do you like this film?

8、 What is/was/will …be like? ..怎么样?

What is the weather like?

What will the life in the future be like?

9、 It’s said/ reported that…据说/据报道

It's well known that 众所周知

It's thought that 大家认为

It’s said that the population of the word would be 6 billion in 2050.

10、one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数…其中之一

Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.

11、neither…nor…既不…也不（两者都不）

either…or…要么…要么/或者…或者/不是…就是

not only…but also…不但…而且

以上三个词做主语时,要用就近原则

Neither you nor he has been to the USA.

Either he or you go to the park.

Not only my mother but also my father is a teacher.

neither of 两者都不

either of 两者选一

none of 没有一个

以上三个做主语时，谓语动词用单数

All of 全部

Both of 两者都

以上二个做主语时，谓语动词用复数

12、比较级+ than +any other +名词单数比其余任何一个…

比较级+ than + the other+名词复数

Shanghai is bigger than any other city=shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China.

13、When（当…的时候）, if （如果）, as soon as（一…就）, until（直到…才）, unless（除非/如果…不）

这几个词引导的时间或条件状语从句时,主句要用一般将来时.，从句一般现在时

I will call you when he comes.

I f it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.

As soon as I get to Beijing, I’ll come to see you.

He won’t go to bed until his parents come back.

Unless you work hard, you won’t catch up with others.

一、常使用动词不定式的短语

1、It’s time to do sth.\ It’s time for sth 该做某事的时候了.

2、can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待要做某事

3、ask /telle sb. (not ) to do sth. 要求/告诉某人(不)做某事

4、allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事

5、be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事

6、Would like /want (sb.) to do sth. 想要做某事

7、have sth/nothing to do with 与...有关/与…无关

8、find it +adj. to do sth. 发觉做某事…

9、prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事,而不愿做某事

10、It’s +adj. for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说…

11、It’s better /best to do sth. 最好做某事

12、It takes sb. sometime. to do sth. 某人做某事用了一些时间

二、常用动名词的短语

1、 enjoy /like /love doing sth. 喜欢做某事

2、 keep /keep on /carry on / go on doing sth. 继续做某事

3、feel like doing sth. 想要做某事

4、practise doing sth. 练习作某事

5、give up doing sth. 放弃作某事

6、be good at= do well in\on doing sth. 擅长做某事

7、pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事

8、what about/ how about doing sth.…. 怎么样(好吗)?

9、Thank you for doing sth. 为…感谢某人

10、mind doing sth. 介意做某事

11、be used for doing sth./ be used to do sth. 、被用来做某事

12、spend …(in) doing sth. 花时间做某事

13、be busy doing/ with sth. 忙于做某事

14、finish doing sth. 做完某事

15、look forward to doing. 盼望做某事

16、prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢…胜过…

17、be/get used to doing sth. 习惯做某事

18、keep / stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人作某事

19. give one's life to doing sth 为做某事献出生命

三、省略动词不定式的短语

1、一看二听三使役

see/ hear/ feel/ notice/ look at /listen to sb. do sth. 看见/听见/感觉/注意某人做某事make /let /have sb. do sth. 使/让某人做某事

2、help sb. (to) do sth/ with sth. 帮助某人做某事

3、 had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事

4、 Why don’t you/ not do sth. 为什么不做某事？

5、Would /Will / Could you please (not) do sth. 请你(不)做某事好吗?

四、同义词比较

1、 stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking.

stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事 After he worked for an hour, he stopped to have a rest.

2、 forget / remember to do sth. 忘记/记得要去作某事 Please remember to bring my book to school.

forget / remember doing sth. 忘记\记得曾经做过某事 I remember doing my homework

3、 used to do sth. 过去常常作某事

be used to do sth. 被用来作某事

be used to doing sth. 习惯于作某事

My father used to smoke.

Wood is used to make paper.

I am used to getting up early.

4、So +be/助动词/情态动词 + 主语…也一样

So +主语+be/助动词/ 情态动词是呀,表示赞同别人的观点Neither + be /助动词/ 情态动词+主语…也不一样（用于否定句） He has been to Beijing. So have I.

It’s a fine day. So it is.

She doesn’t like eggs. Neither do I.

5、 too…to do sth. 太…而不能…

so +adj. /adv + that(从句) 如此…以致…

such +（a/an +adj.）+n.+ that(从句) 如此…以致…

(not) enough (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事(不)够

The boy is too young to go to school.

The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.

He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school.

The boy is not old enough to go to school.

五、常考知识点

1、keep +adj. 保持…状态

keep (sb.) doing sth. 继续做某事/使某人老是做某事

Everyone should keep our classroom clean.

It’s too late, but he still keeps working.

Lily always keeps us waiting for her.

2、make+ sb. + n. 使某人成为

make + sb. + adj. 使某人…

make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

Sb. be made to sth. 某人被迫做某事

We made Peter our monitor.

Books make us happy.

He often makes me laugh.

The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.

3、I don’t think that 我认为…不

I don’t think you are right.

4、It’s /was/has been+ some time +since+一般过去时…自从…以来有多久了

It has been two years since we met last time.

6What do you mean by?=What does .. mean?=what is the meaning of...?是什么意思? What do you mean by “computer”?=What does “computer”mean?=what is the meaning of "computer"?

7、 What do you think of…/How do you like …?你认为…怎么样?

What do you think of this film /How do you like this film?

8、 What is/was/will …be like? ..怎么样?

What is the weather like?

What will the life in the future be like?

9、 It’s said/ reported that…据说/据报道

It's well known that 众所周知

It's thought that 大家认为

It’s said that the population of the word would be 6 billion in 2050.

10、one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数…其中之一

Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.

11、neither…nor…既不…也不（两者都不）

either…or…要么…要么/或者…或者/不是…就是

not only…but also…不但…而且

以上三个词做主语时,要用就近原则

Neither you nor he has been to the USA.

Either he or you go to the park.

Not only my mother but also my father is a teacher.

neither of 两者都不

either of 两者选一

none of 没有一个

以上三个做主语时，谓语动词用单数

All of 全部

Both of 两者都

以上二个做主语时，谓语动词用复数

12、比较级+ than +any other +名词单数比其余任何一个…

比较级+ than + the other+名词复数

Shanghai is bigger than any other city=shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China.

13、When（当…的时候）, if （如果）, as soon as（一…就）, until（直到…才）, unless（除非/如果…不）

这几个词引导的时间或条件状语从句时,主句要用一般将来时.，从句一般现在时

I will call you when he comes.

If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.

As soon as I get to Beijing, I’ll come to see you.

He won’t go to bed until his parents come back.

Unless you work hard, you won’t catch up with others.

初三英语总复习资料

介词

I. 要点

1、介词和种类

(1) 简单介词，常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without 等。

(2) 复合介词，如by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。

2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系

(1) 和动词的搭配，如agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about 等。

(2) 和形容词的搭配，如afraid of, angry with, different from, good at

(3) 和名词的搭配，如answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to等.

3、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语，这种修饰语通常有right, just, badly, all, well, directly, completely等少数几个副词。如：

He came right after dinner.

He lives directly opposite the school.

4、某些介词的意义与用法举例

(1) at, on, in(表时间)

表示时间点用at,如at four o'clock, at midnight等；表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用at,如at that time, at Christmas等。

指某天用on, 如on Monday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用on,如on Friday morning, on the afternoon of September lst等。

指长于或短于一天的时段用in,如in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999等。

(2) between, among(表位置)

between仅用于二者之间，但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时，也用between, 如

I'm sitting between Tom and Alice.

The village lies between three hills.

among用于三者或三者以上之间。如：He is the best among the students.

(3) beside, besides

beside意为"在…旁边"，而besides意为"除…之外"。如：

He sat beside me.

What do you want besides this?

(4)in the tree, on the tree

in the tree 指动物或人在树上，而on the tree 指果实、树叶长在树上

(5)on the way, in the way, by the way, in this way

on the way 指在路上 in the way 指挡道

by the way 指顺便问一句 in this way 用这样的方法

(6)in the corner, at the corner

in the corner 指在拐角内 at the corner 指在拐角外

(7)in the morning, on the morning

in the morning 是一般说法 on the morning 特指某一天的早晨

(8)by bus, on the bus

by bus 是一般说法 on the bus 特指乘某一辆车

II. 例题

例1 Do you know any other foreign language____ English?

A except

B but

C beside

D besides

解析：A、B两项except等于but，意为"除了…"，C-beside意为"在…旁边"，不符合题意。而D-besides, 意为"除了…之外，还有"。所以该题正确答案为D。该题意为：除了英语外，你还知道别的语言吗？

例2 He suddenly returned ____ a rainy night.

A on

B at

C in

D during

解析：我们均知道，at night这一短语，但如果night前有修饰词，表具体的夜晚，则要用介词on来修饰，故该题正确答案为A。

例3 I'm looking forward ____your letter.

A to

B in

C at

D on

解析：该题正确答案为A。look forward to 为固定搭配，意为"期望、盼望"。连词

I. 要点

1、连词的种类

(1) 并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、短语或分句，如and, for, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor等。

(2) 从属连词用来引导从句，如that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as等。

除了从属连词(引导状语从句)外，还有其它可以用来引导从句的词类。它们是连接代词和连接副词(引导名词性从句)，关系代词和关系副词(引导定语从句)。

2、常用连词举例

(1)and 和，并且

They drank and sang all night.

(2) both…and 和，既…也…

Both my parents and I went there.

(3) but 但是，而

I'm sad, but he is happy.

(4) either…or 或…或…，要么…要么…

Either you're wrong, or I am.

(5) for因为

I asked him to stay, for I had something to tell him.

(6) however 然而，可是

Af first, he didn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.

(7) neither…nor 既不…也不

Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you.

(8) not only…but(also) 不但…而且…

He not only sings well, but also dances well.

(9) or 或者，否则

Hurry up, or you'll be late.

Are you a worker or a doctor?

(10) so 因此，所以

It's getting late, so I must go.

(11) although 虽然

Although it was late, they went on working.

(12) as soon as 一…就

I'll tell him as soon as I see him.

(13) because 因为

He didn't go to school, because he was ill.

(14)unless 除非，如果不

I won't go unless it is fine tomorrow.

(15)until 直到…

He didn't leave until eleven. (瞬间动词用于not… until 结构)

He stayed there until eleven.

(16)while 当…时候，而 (表示对比)

While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while后不可用瞬间动词)

My pen is red while his is blue.

(17)for 因为

He was ill, for he didn't come. (结论是推断出来的)

(18)since自从…

I have lived here since my uncle left.

(19)hardly… when 一…就

I had hardly got to the station when the train left.

(20)as far as 就…来说

As far as I know, that country is very small.

You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那里)

II. 例题

例1 John plays football ____, if not better than, David.

A as well

B as well as

C so well

D so well as

解析：该题意为：John踢足球如果不比David好的话，那也踢得和David一样好。和…一样好为as well as. 故该题正确答案为B.

例2 She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.

A when

B where

C which

D while

解析：该处意为"然而"，只有while有此意思，故选D。

例3 Would you like a cup of coffee ____ shall we get down to business right away?

A. and

B. then

C. or

D. otherwise

解析：该处意为"或者"，正确答案为C。

动词时态、语态

I. 要点

1、一般现在时

(1) 表示经常发生的动作或现在存在的状态，常与sometimes, always, often, every day等时间状语连用。如：Sometimes, we go swimming after school.

(2) 表示客观真理、科学事实等。如：The earth goes round the sun.

2、现在进行时

(1) 表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作，常与now, at present等时间状语连用。如：

What are you doing now?

(2) 和always, continually等连用，表一种经常反复的动作，常含有某种情感。如：

He is always doing good deeds.

3、现在完成时

主要表示动作发生在过去，对现在仍有影响，或动作一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，常与just, already, so far, once, never 等词连用。如:Have you ever been to Beijing?

4、一般将来时

表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow, next year等连用。如：

I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.

We're going to see a film next Monday.

5、一般过去时

表示在过去某一时间或某一阶段内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday, last year, in 1998, a moment ago等词连用。如：It happened many years ago.

6、过去进行时

表示过去某一时刻或某一时期正在发生的动作。如：

What were you doing this time yesterday?

7、过去完成时

表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。如：

The train had already left before we arrived.

8、一般过去将来时

表示说话人从过去的角度来看将来发生的动作。如：

He said he would come, but he didn't.

9、被动语态被动语态的时态，以give为例。

时／式一般进行完成

现在 am is given are am is being are has been given have

过去 was given were was being given were had been given

将来 shall be given will shall have been given will

过去将来 should be given would should have been given would

II.例题

例1 I learned that her father ____ in 1950.

A had died

B died

C dead

D is dead

解析：该题正确答案为B。从句中的谓语动词动作虽然发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，但因从句中有明确的过去时间状语in 1950, 所以不用过去完成时态，而用一般过去时态。

例2 The five-year-old girl ____ by her parents.

A is looked

B has looked for

C is being looked for

D has been looked

解析：该题正确答案为C。在带有介词的动词短语用于被动语态句中，介词不能省，否则就变成了不及物动词短语，而不能用于被动语态的句子中。

短语动词

I. 要点

英语中有许多短语动词在意义上是一个整体，其用法有的相当于及物动词，有的相当于不及物动词，有的兼有及物动词和不及物动词的特征。英语短语动词的构成主要有以下六种：

(1) 动词＋介词

常见的有look for, look after, send for, care about, ask for, laugh at, hear of (from), add to, lead to等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后。如：

Don't laugh at others.

I didn't care about it.

(2) 动词＋副词

常见的有give up, pick up, think over, find out, hand in, point out等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，既可放在副词前边，又可放在副词后边；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则要放在副词前边。如：You'll hand in your homework tomorrow.

Please don't forget to hand it in.

(3) 动词＋副词＋介词

常见的有look down upon, go on with, break away from, add up to, catch up with 等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：

All his money added up to no more than $100.

After a short rest, he went on with his research work.

(4) 动词＋名词＋介词

常见的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：You should pay attention to your handwriting. We should make full use of our time.

(5) 动词＋形容词

常见的有leave open, set free, cut open等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，则宾语可放在形容词的前边，也可放在后边；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则必须放在形容词前边。如：

The prisoners were set free.

He cut it open.

(6) 动词＋名词

常见的有take place, make friends等。这类短语动词用作不及物动词。如：

This story took place three years ago.

I make friends with a lot of people.

(7)辨析

give away(让给，暴露) 和 give up(放弃，停止)

put away(放起，收起) 和 put out (扑灭)

turn up(出席，放大) 和 turn on (打开)

keep out(阻止) 和 keep off (不让靠近)

make up(编造，补上) 和 make out(辨认)

take off(脱，起飞) 和 take out(拿出)

II. 例题

例1 It is wise to have some money ____ for old age.

A put away

B kept up

C given away

D laid up

解析：该题正确uot;；give away意为"分发"；lay up"贮藏"。例2 Here's my card. Let's keep in ____.

A touch

B relation

C connection

D friendship

解析：该题正确答案为A. keep in touch为短语动词，意为"保持联系"。

例3 ____! There's a train coming.

A Look out

B Look around

C Look forward

D Look on

解析：该题选A. look out 意为"小心"。

动词不定式

I. 要点

1、不定式的形式。以动词write为例。

式｜语态主动语态被动语态

一般式 to write to be written

完成式 to have written to have been written

进行式 to be writing

完成进行式 to have been writing

2、不定式的句法功能

(1) 作主语

To hear from you is nice.

To be a good teacher is not easy.

不定式作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往以it作形式主语，而不定式置于谓语动词后。如：It's nice to hear from you.

It's not easy to be a good teacher.

(2) 作宾语

通常用于want, hope, wish, like, need, hate, begin, start, remember, agree, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help等词后。如：

I forgot to lock the door.

Please remember to write to me.

(3) 作表语

My job is to pick up letters.

He seemed to have heard nothing.

(4) 作定语

不定式作定语时，须放在它所修饰的名词或代词后。如：

I have two letters to write.

I have a lot of work to do.

(5) 作宾补

通常用于want, wish, ask, order, tell, know, help, advise, allow, cause, force等词后。如：

He ordered her to leave at once.

He was forced to obey his order.

(6) 作状语

He got up early to catch the first bus.

He worked hard to catch up with the other students.

(7) 作独立成分

To tell you the truth, I told a lie.

(8) "疑问词＋不定式"结构。如：

I don't know how to choose them.

I cannot decide where to go.

(9)不定式的否定式。如：

I decided not to go.

(10)不定式的完成式。如：

He seemed to have cleaned the room before I came in.

The boy is said to have been sent to the hospital last week.

(11)too…to 结构。如：

He was too excited to go to sleep.

He was only too glad to go. (他太高兴了，乐意去)

(12)主动表被动。如：

The book is easy to read.

I have a book to read.

II.例题

例1 I haven't got a chair ____.

A to sit

B for to sit on

C to sit on

D for sitting

解析：该题选C。不定式to sit on在句中作定语，修饰名词chair. 因为不定式和它所修饰的名词间是"动宾关系"，所以不定式必须是及物动词，故此处on不能省略。

例2 He was made ____. A go B gone C going D to go

解析：该题选D。make sb. do sth. 如果是被动形式，不定式do前的to不能省略。

例3 A new factory is ____ very soon.

A to be built

B built

C to build

D to building

解析：该题选A。is to be built意为"将要被建"。

人教版九年级全册英语重点语法知识点复习提纲

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2021初三英语语法选择提高篇(5篇)

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中考英语语法总结一、祈使句结构 1 祈使句结构祈使句用以表达命令，要求，请求，劝告等。 1）祈使句有两种类型，一种是以动词原形开头，在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。 Take this seat. Do be careful. 否定结构： Don't move. Don't be late. 2）第二种祈使句以let开头。 Let 的反意疑问句 a. Let's 包括说话者 Let's have another try，shall we / shan't we = Shall we have another try b. Let us 不包括说话者 Let us have another try，will you / won't you = Will you please let us have another try

否定结构： Let's not talk of that matter. Let us not talk of that matter. 二、感叹句结构感叹句结构感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情。 what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，感叹句结构主要有以下几种：掌握它的搭配，即掌握了感叹句的重点。 How +形容词+ a +名词+ 陈述语序 How+形容词或副词+ 陈述语序 What +名词+ 陈述语序 What+a+形容词+名词+ 陈述语序 What+ 形容词+复数名词+ 陈述语序 What+ 形容词+不可数名词+ 陈述语序 How clever a boy he is! How lovely the baby is! What noise they are making! What a clever boy he is!

初三英语语法知识点

1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如： When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的？ 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如： Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如：Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京？ 2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用

should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如： How should I know? 我怎么知道？ Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？ should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如： We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。我们在使用时要注意以下几点： 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如： You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如： You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。

3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如： We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。 3) What...? 与Which...? 1. what 与which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如： What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？该句相当于： What does your father do? What is your father's job? Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如：

初三英语语法练习题

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（英语）中考英语语法填空汇编专项训练100(附答案)及解析一、英语语法填空汇编 1．阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空（未提供单词的，限填一词），使文章意思完整、正确。 There is a nice family living in Valladolid, a beautiful city in Spain.________father, Jose Garcia, is a tall and friendly man. He________（work）in a famous company. He married Teresa, a________（beauty） woman, ________dark eyes and light hair. She is a ________（teach） of a primary school. Jose and Teresa have three________（child）: Susan, Rebecca and Juan. The________（old）, Susan, is 24 years old. She's a doctor and busy with her work every day. She________（usual） goes to work at 8 a.m. and comes home after 7p.m. Rebecca, a beautiful girl with big dark eyes, is 19 years old and________（study）Chinese in the Canary Islands. Juan, a naughty 11-year-oldboy, dreams of________a great football player. They are a happy family.【答案】The；works；beautiful；with；teacher；children；eldest；usually；studies；becoming 【解析】【分析】文章大意：在西班牙美丽的城市瓦拉多利德，住着一个很好的家庭。何塞·加西亚娶了特蕾莎。她是一所小学的五年级教师。何塞和特蕾莎生了三个孩子：苏珊、丽贝卡和胡安。苏珊，24岁。她是个医生，每天都忙于工作。She早上8点上班，晚上7点回家。Rebecca，19岁，在加那利群岛学习中文。胡安，一个顽皮的11岁男孩，梦想着成为一名伟大的足球运动员。他们是一个幸福的家庭。（1）句意：爸爸，何塞加西亚是一个高个子善良的人。father特指前文提到的住在瓦拉多利德承德市幸福家庭中的爸爸，因此使用定冠词，因为在句首，手字母t应大写，故答案是The。（2）句意：他在一个著名的公司上班。本文的基本时态为一般现在时，所以本句也是一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，因此谓语动词使用单三形式，故答案是works。（3）句意：他娶了一个叫做特蕾莎的长着黑色眼睛的妇女。beauty作定语修饰woman，应使用形容词beautiful，故答案是beautiful。（4）句意：他娶了一个叫做特蕾莎的长着黑色眼睛的妇女、长着黑色眼睛作定语修饰woman，应使用介词with连接，故答案是with。（5）句意：他是一个小学的老师。根据冠词a，可知后面单数可数名词，与teach相关的名词是teacher，老师，故答案是teacher。（6）句意：何塞和特蕾莎有三个孩子。child孩子，可数名词，根据three可知应使用复数形式children，故答案是children。（7）句意：最大的，苏珊24岁了。根据后文的叙述可知苏珊年龄最大，兄弟姐妹之间年龄最大使用eldest，故答案是eldest。（8）句意：她通常八点上班。usual修饰go to work，应使用副词形式usually，故答案是usually。（9）句意：长着黑色大眼睛的丽贝卡19岁了，在加那利群岛学习中文，文章的基本时态为一般现在时，主语Rebacca是第三人称单数，动词使用单三形式，故答案是studies。（10）句意：十一岁的胡安是一个淘气的男孩，他的梦想是成为一乐伟大的足球运动员。

(完整版)人教版初中英语语法完整总结

1 . (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen 从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 to 、look at ( 感官动词)+（sb. ）+do sth. eg : I am/ feel confident of myspoken English. eg:I like watching monkeys jump. I feel that I can pass the test . 2 . （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样18. be + doing 表：1现在进行时2将来时 eg:the more the more 越来越多19 . be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够?? 3. a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）eg : She is able to sing .= She can sing. 4 . agree with sb赞成某人20. be able to do sth. 能够干什么 5 . all kinds of 各种各样a kind of 一样e g :she is able to sing . 6 . all over the world = the whole world 整个21. be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕??世界eg : I'm afraed to go out at night . 7. along with 同??一道，伴随??I'm afraid of dog. eg : I will go along with you. 我将和你一起去22. be allowed to do 被允许做什么 The students planted trees along with their eg: I'm allowed to watch TV. 我被允许看电视teachers. 学生同老师们一起种树I should be allowed to watch TV. 我应该被允 8. as soon as 一怎么样就怎么样许看电视 9 . as you can see 你是知道的(正如你所见)23. be angry with sb 生某人的气 10 . ask for ??求助向?要?（直接接想要的东e g : Don't be angry with me. 西）24. be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 12. ask sb to do sth询问某人某事为什么而生某人的气 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事25. be as ?原级?as 和什么一样 13 . at the age of 在??岁时eg : She is as tall as me. 她和我一样高 eg ：I amsixteen. = I am at the age of sixteen . 26. be ashamed to 14. at the beginning of ????的起初；??27. be away from远离的开始28. be away from 从??离开 15. at the end of + 地点/+时间最后；尽头；末29. be bad for对什么有害尾eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eg : At the end of the day eyes. 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 16. at this time of year 在每年的这个时候30. be born 出生于 17. be /feel confident of sth /that clause + 31. be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事

九年级英语全册所有必考语法点都在这里了,初三都在看!

一. 介词by的用法 1. 意为“在……旁”，“靠近”。 Some are singing and dancing under a big tree. Some are drawing by the lake. 有的在大树下唱歌跳舞。有的在湖边画画儿。 2. 意为“不迟于”，“到……时为止”。 Your son will be all right by supper time. 你的儿子在晚饭前会好的。 How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term? 到上个学期末你们已经学了多少首英语歌曲? 3. 表示方法、手段,可译作“靠”、“用”、“凭借”、“通过”、“乘坐”等。 The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing. 猴子用尾巴吊在树上哈哈大笑。 The boy’s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph. 孩子的父亲是那么的感激,于是他教爱迪生怎样通过铁路电报来传达信息。 4. 表示“逐个”，“逐批”的意思。 One by>他们一个一个得在黑暗中经过这张桌子。 5. 表示“根据”，“按照”的意思。 What time is it by your watch? 你的表几点了? 6. 和take , hold等动词连用，说明接触身体的某一部分。 I took him by the hand. 我拉住了他的手。 7. 用于被动句中，表示行为主体,常译作“被”、“由”等。

初中英语语法练习题

初中英语语法练习题第一套（全十六单元） Unit 1 1. It took the workmen only two hours to finish ________ my car. A. repairing B. repair C. to repair D. repaired 2. It’s no good _______ over split milk. A. to cry B. crying C. cried D. cry 3. Have you forgotten ___________$1000 from me last month? Will you please remember _________ it tomorrow? A. borrowing; to bring B. to borrow; bring C. borrowed; bringing D. borrowing; bringing 4. The classroom wants __________. A. clean B. cleaned C. to clean D. cleaning 5. Jack said that he wouldn’t mind ___________ for us. A. o wait B. wait C. waiting D. waited 6. My brother keeps _________ me with my work. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped 7. We should often practise _________ English with each other. A. to speak B. spoke C. speak D. speaking 8. Keep on _________ and you will succeed. A. a try B. try C. triing D. trying 9. Don’t forget ______ the notebook with you when you go to the lecture. A. to take B. to carry C. to send D. to bring 10. You’d better ________ her, it would only worry her. A. not tell B. tell C. to tell D. not to tell 11. The librarian work is ________ the books in the library. A. takes care of B. take care of C. to take care of D. taking care of 12. Her parent’s won’t let her ________ out with her boyfriend. A. goes B. to go C. going D. go 13. I asked her _______ with us. A. when to go B. when he will go C. if he will go D. that he would go 14. I have not got a chair ________. A. for sitting B. to sit on C. to sit D. for sitting on 15. My mother often tells me ________ in the sun A. not to read B. don’t read C. doesn’t read D. not read 16____ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever 17 ____ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. A. What B. That C. This D. Which

人教版英语九年级语法知识点

1. by + doing 通过……方式如：by studying with a group by 还可以表示："在…旁","靠近","在…期间"、"用,""经过","乘车"等如：I live by the river. I have to go back by ten o'clock. The thief entered the room by the window. The student went to park by bus. 2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论如：The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。talk to sb. === talk with sb. 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子： ①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? ②Why don't you + do sth.? 如：Why don't you go shopping? ③Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? ④Let's + do sth. 如：Let's go shopping ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping? 4. a lot 许多常用于句末如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。 5. too…to 太…而不能常用的句型too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。 6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。 ①aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大, 常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式。如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。 ②loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。 ③loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。 7. not …at all 一点也不根本不如： I like milk very much. I don't like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡。 not经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾 8. be / get excited about sth.=== be / get excited about doing sth. === be excited to do sth. 对…感兴奋如： I am / get excited about going to Beijing.=== I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。 9. ①end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事如： The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 ②end up with sth. 以…结束如： The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。 10. first of all 首先. to begin with 一开始later on 后来、随 11. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也(用于肯定句) 常在句末 12. make mistakes 犯错如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。

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