上外2018MTI真题回忆版
上外2018年MTI真题回忆版
上外2018年MTI真题回忆版（超详细）（一）翻译硕士英语一、阅读，回答问题（哲学类，3页5面，四个问题，40分）标题：Barney's caseStudy of philosophy knowledgeBarney’s case of the study of history of philosophy?（Barney's case for the history of philosophy）……问题：1.What are the reasons Barney cite for the study of history by three goroups of people？2. According to the passage, what are Martin Lin's interpretation about philosphers?3.How does the author comment on the men's innate thirst for knowledge?4.Sum up how the author writes about Barney and Martin Lin’s discussion on philosophical progress二、Writing. 800words, 60分Digital Humanities in the New Era（二）英语翻译基础一、汉译英，翻译划线部分，70分对中国90后，00后深入骨髓的剖析现如今的家庭教育之难，难在什么地方？难在我们的教育有太多的悖论和问题需要面对。
各位父母，我先问你们一个问题，你了解现在的孩子吗？我在这个问题上很有发言权，因为近20年来，我大概接触了8000个家庭案例。
当今的孩子是怎么回事？当今的孩子是什么人？我们要从本质上来把握。
假如我们不能从本质上来把握，学校教育也好，家庭教育也好，都不会在点子上。
2018考研上海外国语大学现当代文学考研真题回忆
二名词解释
样板戏高大全九叶派五四新文学思潮
三简答
胡风的现实主义理论萧红的成就和特色
四说不尽的阿Q谈谈关于阿Q不同时代的不同读者的不同理解
五论述
结合作家作品谈现代主义ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ潮的问题
新文学二十年文学现代文学异同三种说法赞成哪个
专业一写出作品的作者断零鸿雁传新文学史稿将军底头城南旧事共10二名词解释样板戏高大全九叶派五四新文学思潮三简答胡风的现实主义理论萧红的成就和特色四说不尽的阿q谈谈关于阿q不同时代的不同读者的不同理解五论述结合作家作品谈现代主义思潮的问题新文学二十年文学现代文学异同三种说法赞成哪个
专业一
-写出作品的作者
2018年上半年CATTI英语一级笔译实务真题 (1)
2018年上半年CATTI英语一级笔译实务真题(总分：100.00，做题时间：120分钟)一、英译汉(总题数：1，分数：25.00)1.In December 2015, British publishing stood accused of woeful blindness to diversity, and not for the first time, after World Book Night announced its titles, and none of the 15 books was by a writer of colour. An apology was issued by organisers but a wider malaise had already set in, and along with it, the troubling feeling that WBN’s oversight was less an isolated incident and more a recurring pattern of exclusion that stretched across theliterary establishment.A report on the state of the books industry had been published earlier that year by the development agency Spread the Word, which drew attention to how intransigently white,middle-class and male remained, from literary festivals and prizes to publications and personnel.The industry has been announcing strategies for change since 2015. Publishing houses have rolled out paid internships, mentoring schemes and traineeships to attract socially under-represented and BAME (black, Asian, minority ethnics) applicants on an unprecedented scale, as well as creating opportunities for women to move into boardrooms.To name a few recent initiatives: Penguin Random House is offering interest-free rent loans to draw more applicants from outside London and has set a company goal “for allnew hires and the books we acquire to reflect UK society by 2025 in terms of social mobility, ethnicity, gender, disability, and sexuality”. Harper Collins is launching programmes for BAME employees and those taking long-term parental leave, while Hachette is encouraging diversity at an executive level in a mentoring scheme with board members.Some schemes show promising signs. Penguin’s scheme connects aspiring writers from socially excluded communities to agents, editors and authors, is helping to demystify these professions.Margaret Busby, the writer and pioneering publisher, regards the endeavor for better representation in publishing as a struggle begun decades ago and still no closer to being won. Mainstream publishing, she says, is too institutionalized in its biases to be corrected by a few new authors or schemes.In the1980s she helped to found a group that campaigned to diversify the industry. Anarticle she wrote in 1988 posed questions that are still being asked today, such as: “What are publishers doing to make their companies a more accurate reflection of their lists, readers and society?”“What’s happening now is more initiatives,” Busby says. “But the problem can’t be solved with initiatives.”Margaret Busby believes the struggle for better representation in publishing is no closer to being won.There is overwhelming agreement among excluded communities that systemic change can only happen when inclusivity is filtered upwards. There is not yet gender parity on boards, eventhough women outnumber men in the industry; a lack of social diversity is one of its most stubborn problems. （分数：25.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(2015 年 12 月, 英国出版界因对作家多样性熟视无睹的糟糕状况而饱受非议，在世界读书之夜（WBN）公布入选的 15 本图书书目中，没有一本是有色种族作家的著作，而这种情况已经不是第一次了。
上外2018MTI真题回忆版
上外2018年MTI真题回忆版（超详细）（一）翻译硕士英语一、阅读，回答问题（哲学类，3页5面，四个问题，40分）标题：Barney's caseStudy of philosophy knowledgeBarney’s case of the study of history of philosophy?（Barney's case for the history of philosophy）……问题：1.What are the reasons Barney cite for the study of history by three goroups of people？2. According to the passage, what are Martin Lin's interpretation about philosphers?3.How does the author comment on the men's innate thirst for knowledge?4.Sum up how the author writes about Barney and Martin Lin’s discussion on philosophical progress二、Writing. 800words, 60分Digital Humanities in the New Era（二）英语翻译基础一、汉译英，翻译划线部分，70分对中国90后，00后深入骨髓的剖析现如今的家庭教育之难，难在什么地方？难在我们的教育有太多的悖论和问题需要面对。
各位父母，我先问你们一个问题，你了解现在的孩子吗？我在这个问题上很有发言权，因为近20年来，我大概接触了8000个家庭案例。
当今的孩子是怎么回事？当今的孩子是什么人？我们要从本质上来把握。
假如我们不能从本质上来把握，学校教育也好，家庭教育也好，都不会在点子上。
上外日语考研真题2018
上外日语考研真题20182018年上外日语考研真题于当年12月份举行，共分为听力、阅读、综合与写作四个部分。
以下将针对每个部分进行详细的分析与讨论。
听力部分上外日语考研的听力部分包括了多个短对话和长对话，考察考生对于日语听力的理解能力。
短对话部分常涉及日常生活话题，如购物、旅行等；长对话部分则更注重考生对于学术与专业方面的理解。
在2018年的日语考研听力真题中，我发现了一组关于留学信息的长对话。
其中，男生A询问女生B关于留学申请时间的相关问题。
女生B首先解释了留学机构的要求，并提到了留学申请的周期。
接着，她详细介绍了准备留学所需的材料和流程。
整个对话除了考察考生的听力理解能力外，也涉及到了日语中与留学相关的词汇与表达方式。
阅读部分上外日语考研的阅读部分通常包括多个篇章，每个篇章后面有若干个问题需要考生回答。
2018年的考题中，我发现了一篇关于日本文化的篇章。
这篇文章主要介绍了日本汤塘文化的起源与发展，并详细分析了人们泡温泉的目的与体验。
文章中提到，泡温泉的目的除了享受身体放松与恢复以外，还可以感受自然与人文之美。
人们泡温泉的同时，也会参与温泉浴室的日常礼仪与规范，以表达对文化传统的尊重。
考生需要从文章中获取这些信息，并回答与之相关的问题。
综合部分综合部分是上外日语考研的重要组成部分，其中包括了听力与阅读的综合运用。
通过综合部分的测试，考生可以展示他们对于日语的综合运用能力。
在2018年的考题中，我发现了一道综合题目。
这道题目以一篇关于世界遗产的文章为基础，其中包含了多个问题与选择题。
考生需要通过理解文章内容，并结合问题要求，做出正确的选择与回答。
写作部分写作部分是上外日语考研的最后一个环节，考察考生的写作能力。
在2018年的写作真题中，我发现了一道关于自我介绍的题目。
题目要求考生以自我介绍的形式，介绍自己的家庭、学习背景、兴趣爱好等方面的信息。
考生需要运用所学的日语知识，用流畅准确的语句来表达自己。
2018年考研上海外国语大学金融专业(专硕)真题回忆
一名词解释
资产证券化
普惠金融
锚定效应
绿色金融
加权风险资产
劣后受益人
货币政策传导机制
二分析题
1.证券市场有效性怎么判断？结合沪深两市十年的情况谈谈表现如何
2.债券定价的影响因素？中国在香港发行20亿美元主权债券为何受热捧？
3.我国汇率引入逆周期因子的原因，成效和对外汇改革的影响
4.均值方差模型，以及在金融市场实践中的价值
三论述题
十九大报告，从金融市场发展改革监管，国际竞争趋势等分析十九大报告的意义。
1。
(NEW)上海外国语大学高级翻译学院211翻译硕士英语[专业硕士]历年考研真题汇编
![(NEW)上海外国语大学高级翻译学院211翻译硕士英语[专业硕士]历年考研真题汇编](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/6d6c3dcd25c52cc58bd6beb3.png)
目 录2013年上海外国语大学高级翻译学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题（回忆版）2012年上海外国语大学高级翻译学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题（回忆版）2011年上海外国语大学高级翻译学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题（回忆版）2010年上海外国语大学高级翻译学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题（回忆版）2013年上海外国语大学高级翻译学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题（回忆版）Making the most of diversityFrom Reuters Thu Nov 15, 2012 4:22pm ESTBy Chrystia FreelandNEW YORK Nov 15 (Reuters) - For America, 2012 will go down in history as the year of the Latinos, the blacks, the women and the gays. That rainbow coalition won President Barack Obama his second term. This triumph of the outsiders is partly due to America's changing demographics. And it is not just the United States that is becoming more diverse. Canada is, too, as is much of Europe.That is why it is worth thinking hard about how to make diverse teams effective, and how people who straddle two cultural worlds can succeed. Three academics, appropriately enough a diverse group based in Asia and America, have been doing some provocative research that suggests that our ability to comfortably integrate our different identities - or not - is the key.In "Connecting the Dots Within: Creative Performance and Identity Integration," Chi-Ying Cheng of Singapore Management University, Jeffrey Sanchez-Burks of the Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan, and Fiona Lee, also at the University of Michigan, argue that ethnic minorities and women in male-dominated professions are most creative whenthey have found a way to believe that their "multiple and conflicting social identities are compatible.""We tried to see how people who have to deal with seemingly in-conflict culture or gender identities cope," Cheng told me. Their conclusion was that people who have found a way to reconcile their two identities - Asian-Americans, for example, or women who work in male-dominated jobs like engineering - are the best at finding creative solutions to problems."Those who see their identities as compatible, they are better at combining ideas from the two identities to come up with something new," Cheng said. "While those who also share these two social identities, but see them as being in conflict, they cannot come up with new ideas."Cheng, Sanchez-Burks and Lee devised a research strategy to probe this issue that you do not need a Ph.D. to appreciate: They asked Asian-Americans to invent new fusion cuisine dishes using both typically Asian and typically American ingredients, and they asked female engineers to design products geared specifically to women. In both cases, people who were at peace with their dual identities performed better."Asian-Americans who had higher bicultural integration could create more creative recipes, and they believed it was possible to come up with more recipes," Cheng said. "By contrast, Asian-Americans who feel their two identities are in conflict cannot come up with as many creative recipes.''Cheng has her own experience of being a minority. She is from Taiwan but went to graduate school in the United States; she is a woman but has taught in the male-dominated environment of graduate business schools. She does not minimize the challenge of coming to terms with this sort of diversity."People who have high identity integration, it is not that they are more easygoing. It is that they find peace between the two different worlds," Cheng said. "It is not that easy. Pretending doesn't work. There has to be real understanding and integration between the two worlds. They find a way for the two worlds to coexist inside a person."This academic work is a useful prism for understanding the man who may be the world's most prominent integrator of two potentially conflicting identities: President Obama. He has gained admission to what used to be the most exclusive white club of all, the White House, while remaining patently at ease with his black identity.As Cheng advises, Obama does not ignore the complexities of straddling these two worlds: He governs with an acute awareness of the particular challenges a black skin poses for the man Americans still like to describe as the leader of the free world. But the president is also deeply at ease with his various identities, a psychological state that may help him use them to powerful effect - as in the election campaign, when he rallied pretty much all Americans who think of themselves as different.。
2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题_真题(含答案与解析)-交互
2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题(总分90, 做题时间180分钟)Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)why do people read negative **ments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty,according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people wiill 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 .In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist?Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told which pens wereelectrified;another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 .Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of theUniversity of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such 13 can backfire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 ,however. In a final experiment,participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image.These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one's curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity."Hsee says.In other words,don't read **ments.SSS_SINGLE_SELAresolveBprotectCdiscussDignore该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:A句首作者提出疑问，“为什么人们会读互联网的负面评论和明显很让人伤心的其它事情呢？”随后作者给出答案，“因为人们都有___不确定性的内在需求”。
2018年考研中国人民大学翻译专业真题回忆(二外日语)
日语一、汉字写平假名0.5\\\' ×10（给出句子，划出单词）家屋被害…二、平假名写汉字0.5\\\' ×10（给出句子，划出单词）へたひがしとくちょうきおく…三、外来语翻译成中文0.5\\\' ×10（没有句子）オーストリア（オーストラリア）ショーウインドーカルチャーセンター…四、单选1\\\' ×25 （助词、句法、尊他语等）五、阅读两篇2\\\' ×10第一篇3题（真题原题，貌似）第二篇7题关于日本人会话习惯点头的话题（内容文法中级上，题目难度初级）六、中译日4\\\' ×51. 你不去的话，我也不去。
2. 这个寒假我不打算回家。
3. 听说她没去过日本。
4. 纯子的妈妈让纯子整理自己的房间。
5. 田中请小王教他中文。
七、日译汉4\\\' ×51.張さんは国帰ったら貿易の仕事をしたいそうです。
2.3.4.自由な時間が持ちければ持つほど、時間の使い方に工夫しなければならない。
5.晩春から初春にかけて、北海道を除いて、日本では梅雨の季節に入っています。
？？基础英语一、单选1\\\' ×20 (近义词和两三题语法)二、完型1\\\' ×20（短语搭配和词译辨析）三、阅读两篇2\\\' ×20四、汉译英25\\\'关于热闹与孤独、社交与独处的内容，涉及朱自清在清大的感叹、歌曲《越热闹越孤单》、爱因斯坦的看法等，貌似不是很短，大概多少已经无感了。
五、英译汉25\\\'关于中国画的抽象与现实的内容，涉及书法、画家兼文艺历史学家Tung Ch\\\'i chang 等。
六、作文20\\\'关于苹果某一人物关于diversity的看法及少数群体抗议其观点的可能说法。
要求不少于350词。
翻译理论与实践一、理论填空1\\\' ×51. Water margin 其他译者一般译为什么。
上外研究生推免笔试真题-英语笔译推免笔试模拟卷1
上海外国语大学研究生推免考试MTI英语笔译回忆版完整模拟题1一．用英文解释下列短语1.诺贝尔生理学或医学奖2.社交媒体3.修昔底德陷阱4.TPP5.ASEAN二．用中文总结下文The best escalator to opportunity in the US is education.But a new study underscores that the escalator is broken.We expect each generation to do better,but,currently,more young American men have less education(29%)than their parents than have more education(20%). Among young Americans whose parents didn’t graduate from high school,only5% make it through college themselves.In other rich countries,the figure is23%.The US is devoting billions of dollars to compete with Russia militarily,but maybe we should try to compete educationally.Russia now has the largest percentage of adults with a university education of any industrialized country—a position once held by the US,although we’re plunging in that roster.These figures come from the annual survey of education from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development,or OECD,and it should be a shock to Americans.A basic element of the American dream is equal access to education as the lubricant of social and economic mobility.But the American dream seems to have emigrated because many countries do better than the US in educational mobility,according to the OECD study.As recently as2000,the US still ranked second in the share of the population with a college degree.Now we have dropped to fifth.Among25-to-34-year-olds—a glimpseof how we will rank in the future—we rank12th,while once-impoverished South Korea tops the list.A new Pew survey finds that Americans consider the greatest threat to our country to be the growing gap between the rich and poor.Yet we have constructed an education system,dependent on local property taxes,that provides great schools for the rich kids in the suburbs who need the least help,and broken,dangerous schools for inner-city children who desperately need a helping hand.Too often,the US’s education system amplifies not opportunity but inequality.My dad was a World War II refugee who fled Ukraine and Romania and eventually made his way to France.He spoke perfect French,and Paris would have been a natural place to settle.But he felt that France was stratified and would offer little opportunity to a penniless Eastern European refugee,or even to his children a generation later,so he set out for the US.He didn’t speak English,but,on arrival in 1951,he bought a copy of the Sunday edition of The New York Times and began to teach himself—and then he worked his way through Reed College and the University of Chicago,earning a PhD and becoming a university professor.He rode the American dream to success;so did his only child.But while he was right in1951to bet on opportunity in the US rather than Europe,these days he would perhaps be wrong.Researchers find economic and educational mobility are now greater in Europe than in the US.That’s particularly sad because,as my Times colleague Eduardo Porter noted last month,egalitarian education used to be the US’s strong suit.European countries excelled at first-rate education for the elites,but the US led the way in mass education.By the mid-1800s,most American states provided a free elementary education to the great majority of white children.In contrast,as late as1870,only2% of British14-year-olds were in school.Then the US was the first major country,in the1930s,in which a majority of children attended high school.By contrast,as late as1957,only9%of17-year-olds in Britain were in school.Until the1970s,we were pre-eminent in mass education,and Claudia Goldin and Lawrence Katz of Harvard University argue powerfully that this was the secret to theUS’s economic rise.Then we blew it,and the latest OECD report underscores how the rest of the world is eclipsing us.In effect,the US has become19th-century Britain:We provide superb education for elites,but we falter at mass education.In particular,we fail at early education.Across the OECD,an average of70%of3-year-olds are enrolled in education programmes.In the US,it’s38%.In some quarters,there’s a perception that American teachers are lazy.But the OECD report indicates that American teachers work far longer hours than their counterparts abroad.Yet American teachers earn68%as much as the average Americancollege-educated worker,while the OECD average is88%.Fixing the education system is the civil rights challenge of our era.A starting point is to embrace an ethos that was born in the US but is now an expatriate:that we owe all children a fair start in life in the form of access to an education escalator.三．翻译划线句中国国家主席习近平上任以来对美国的正式国事访问，成果为世人关注。
上海外国语大学翻译硕士考研真题解析
上海外国语大学翻译硕士考研真题解析上海外国语大学（回忆+原题）翻译硕士英语题型，无选项，无首字母完型，关于人类学的；超长阅读一篇，十分长非常长，4个回答问题吧；写作一篇，关于一句人生哲言的。
一篇cloze一篇阅读还有一篇作文cloze的那篇文章题目是Into Africa--human ancestors from Asia文章不长有15个空，但没有任何选项供选择，文章大概讲的是：人们一直认为非洲是人类祖先的发源地，但是近期考古学家发现的化石研究发现人类的组先很可能是从亚洲而来。
具体的填空不是很难，如果看懂文章的话。
无首字母，15空，2分一个，讲得大概是人类祖先并非起源于非洲，而是可能从亚洲迁移而来的.EvolutionInto Africa–the human ancestors from AsiaThe human family tree may not have taken root in Africa after all, claimscientists,after finding that its ancestors may have travelled fromAsia.By Richard Alleyne,Science Correspondent7:00PM BST27Oct2010While it is widelyaccepted that man evolved in Africa,in fact its immediate predecessors mayhave1colonised thecontinent after developing elsewhere,the study says.The claims are madeafter a team2unearthedthe fossils of anthropoids–the primate group that includes humans,apes andmonkeys–in Libya's Dur At-Talah.Paleontologistsfound that3amongstthe39million year old fossils there were three distinct families ofanthropoid primates,all of whom lived in the4area at approximately the same time.Few or anyanthropoids are known to have existed in Africa during this 5period,known as theEocene epoch.This could eithersuggest a huge gap in Africa's fossil record–6unlikely, say the scientists,given the amount ofarchaeological work undertaken in the area–7or that the species"colonised"Africafrom another continent at this time.As the evolutioninto three species would have8taken extreme lengths of time,combined with the lack of fossilrecords in Africa,the team concludes that Asia was the most likely9origin.Writing in thejournal Nature,the experts said they believed migration from Asia to be themost10plausibletheory.Christopher Beard,of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History in Pittsburgh, said:"11If our ideas are correct,this early colonisation of Africa by anthropoids was a truly12pivotal event—one ofthe key points in our evolutionary history."At the time,Africa was an island continent;when these13anthropoids appeared,there was nothing on thatisland that could compete with them. "It led to aperiod of flourishing evolutionary divergence amongstanthropoids,and one ofthose lineages14resultedin humans."If our earlyanthropoid ancestors had not succeeded in migrating from Asia to Africa,wesimply15wouldn'texist."He added:"This extraordinary new fossil site in Libya shows us that in the middleEocene,39million years ago,there was a surprising diversity of anthropoidsliving in Africa,whereas few if any anthropoids are known from Africa beforethis time."This suddenappearance of such diversity suggests that these anthropoids probably colonisedAfrica from somewhere else."Withoutearlier fossil evidence in Africa,we're currently looking to Asia as the placewhere these animals first evolved."阅读。
2018年考研上海外国语大学西班牙语语言文学专业真题回忆
西语综合文章是关于西班牙义务教育从16岁延长到18岁的，阅读难度不大。
题型：一，阅读文章后回答1,写出词根含义，并举两个例子。
今年是re-,auto-,semi-2,指出划线部分的sujeto3,给出西语解释，从文章中找对应的词4,四个单选题5,根据文章内容回答问题6,用（你自己的）西语解释西语句子二，写作主题与前面的文章有关，la educacion en futurofin.（没有翻译句子和概况填空）西汉互译汉译西:应该算是社科类的，讲lengua visual汉译西：两段景色描写，沈从文的，我从网上找到了原文:秋成熟一切。
大河边触目所见，净是一年来阳光雨露之力，影响到万汇百物时用各种式样形成的象征。
野花多用比春的颜色点缀地面各处。
沿河的高大白杨、银杏树，无不为自然装点以动人的色彩，到处是鲜艳与饱满。
然而在如此景欢乐笑语中，却似乎蕴蓄了一点儿凄凉。
到处都仿佛有生命在动，一切说来实在又太静了。
祠堂前后十几株老枫木树，叶子已被几个早上的严霜，镀上一片黄，一片红，一片紫。
枫树下到处是这种彩色斑驳堂前枫树下有个摆小摊子的，放了三个大小不一的簸箕，簸箕中零星货物上也是这种美丽的落叶。
祠堂位置在山坳向对河望去，但见千山草黄，起野火处有白烟如云。
村落中乡下人为耕牛过冬预备的稻草，傍附树根堆积，无不如塔杨树成行高矗，大小叶片在微阳下翻飞，黄绿杂彩相间，如旗纛，如羽葆。
又如有所招邀，有所期待。
沿河橘子园浓翠，绵延小河两岸，缀系在枝头的果实，丹朱明黄，繁密如天上星子，远望但见一片光明幻异，不可形容。
fin.1。
全国各大高校翻译硕士(MTI)真题全集
2018 年上外高翻 MTI 研究生统考《汉语百科知识》考题完整版百科知识（一）选择题1.能表演“掌上舞”是古代哪位美女？（几个选项是：貂蝉，西施，赵飞燕，杨玉环）2.《史记》中“世家”是给什么人做的传？（帝王，王侯，将士，还有一个忘了。
）3.“孔雀东南飞”和___并称诗歌史上的“双壁：4.“菊月”是指哪一个月？5.“红肥绿瘦”是指什么季节？6.“司空见惯”中“司空”是指？ A唐朝的一位诗人 B唐朝的一位高僧 C一个官职7.下面哪一个是武松所为？A倒拔垂杨柳 B汴京城卖刀 C醉打蒋门神8.“名花解语”是指什么？9.“程门立雪”是为了什么？A拜访 B请罪 C道谢 D拜别10.一知半解又爱炫耀的人我们通常用什么词语形容？A半截剑 B半段枪 C半面 D半瓶醋11.“七月流火”形容的是？ A炎炎夏日 B夏去秋来 C春去秋来 D秋去冬来12.“汗流浃背”是为了什么？13.京剧中，性格活泼的青年女性是？ A青衣 B花旦 C彩旦14. “杨柳”是？ A一种植物 B两种植物 C与植物无关15“成也萧何败萧何”指的是哪位历史人物？（二）成语解释精卫填海来龙去脉初出茅庐韬光养晦斯芬克之谜2018英语专业考研备考精华资料史上最全最有效大家论坛原创基础英语英汉互译二外语言学英美文学英美文化学校真题汇总等热门必备的辅导书：基础与综合英语[基础英语] 2018英语专业考研考点精梳与精练基础英语[大家网]英语专业考研名校全真试卷基础英语 07到 10年真卷与解读下载[大家网]2018英语专业基础英语考研真题详解.圣才.2018年版[大家网]2018英语专业基础英语考研真题详解.金圣才. 2009出版[大家网]09年版.英语专业考研基础英语高分突破.吴中东.宫玉波[大家网]10年题解英语专业考研过关必备 3000词 PDF.金圣才版1[大家网]英语专业考研核心词汇.pdf.宫玉波.09版[大家网]题解英语专业考研过关必备 3000词[大家网]读者的选择阅读手册[大家网]读者的选择第 4版英文版[大家网]谈语言写作读本英汉互译：[大家网]2018英语专业英汉互译考研真题与典型题详解.圣才考研网编[大家网]星火英语专业考研名校全真试卷精解英汉互译（2018）[大家网]2018年英语专业考研名校全真题精解.英汉互译.郭棲庆.10年版重点推荐资料：点击下载！英语专业考研（最全最新！） /thread-2407892-1-1.html 基础英语汇总：各校基础英语真题资料汇总英美文学：各校英美文学真题汇总二外：英研二外资料——日语、法语、德语、俄语、西班牙语等汇总学校真题汇总：中国人民大学英语专业考研真题汇总！中国矿业大学英语专业考研资料汇总！上海外国语大学北京外语国大学资料汇总华中师范大学英语专业考研--汇总华中科技大学英语专业考研资料汇总广东外语外贸大学深圳大学的真题汇总南开大学英语专业考研真题汇总中山大学资料汇总暨南大学资料北京航空航天大学英语专业考研真题资料西安外国语大学英语专业考研真题汇总河海大学英语专业考研真题资料汇总中国海洋大学英语专业考研资料小汇武汉理工大学英语专业考研资料汇总武汉大学英语专业考研资料汇总苏州大学英语专业考研资料北京师范大学英语专业考研资料汇总西安外国语大学英语专业考研真题汇总四川大学英语专业考研真题资料汇总！2南京大学英语专业考研资料中南大学二外法语 01年到 07年真题 pdf翻译资料：全日制翻译硕士专业学位 MTI研究生入学考试指南外事翻译口译和笔译技巧.rar下载[大家网]新编当代翻译理论刘宓庆著下载[大家网]英汉翻译综合教程[大家网]西方译学理论辑要下载[大家网]英语翻译理论与实践论文集下载[大家网]外事翻译口译和笔译技巧.rar下载汉语成语典故谚语与歇后语英语翻译全国 68所院校英汉互译试卷分析英语专业考研翻译超全面的笔记~英语专业考研各大院校题型对比分析 pdf英语修辞手法经济学人文本许渊冲与翻译艺术.张智中.扫描版散文佳作 108篇汉英英汉对照报刊英语单词精华经济指标名词解释真题：基础英语汇总：各校基础英语真题资料汇总英美文学：各校英美文学真题汇总二外：英研二外资料——日语法语德语俄语西班牙语等汇总语言学方面真题：汇总中中南大学 2006年英语语言文学与文化综合知识真题四川外语学院 01-06年英语语言文学真题长安大学 2007年英语语言学真题四川外国语大学英语专业 2006年考研真题翻译真题：汇总中广外英语专业历年初试真题水平+翻译与写作武汉大学 2009综合英语汉译英真题及参考答案南京大学 2007基础英语汉译英及参考答案文本及 pdf广外 10年写作与翻译真题3上外 01-08年英汉互译真题外交学院翻译真题及答案杭州师范大学 2018年硕士生招生入学考试科目和参考书目9.天津地区院校英专考研翻译真题8.上海地区院校英专考研翻译真题7.陕西地区院校英专考研翻译真题6.江苏地区院校英专考研翻译真题5.湖北地区院校英专考研翻译真题4.广东地区院校英专考研翻译真题3.福建地区院校英专考研翻译真题[大家网]2.东北地区院校英专考研翻译真题.pdf[大家网]1.北京地区院校英专考研翻译真题.pdf[大家网]高级英语第一册第二册教材及教师用书 rar下载孙亦丽--大学英语精读学习精要--第一册第二册第三册 pdf下载【大家论坛】传播学原理 2009年版张国良全日制翻译硕士专业学位 MTI研究生入学考试指南英语专业考研名校全真试卷基础英语 07到年真卷与解读下载英语专业考研核心词汇.pdf.宫玉波.09版孙亦丽--大学英语精读学习精要--第一册第二册第三册 pdf下载高级英语第二册教材及教师用书第一册 rar下载MTI之 2018中文百科-keys（杭州小蚩尤尝鲜版）1.汉宫飞燕赵飞燕身材轻盈，有人认为是古代芭蕾的雏形。
2018考研英语(一)真题及参考答案(完整版)
2018考研英语（一）真题及参考答案（完整版）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, it's a necessary condition 1 many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your 2 , in the wrong place often carries a high 3.4, why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. 5 people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that 6 pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruct that prompts humans to 7 with one another. Scientists have found that exposure 8 this hormone puts us in a trusting 9: In a Swiss study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their 10 who inhaled something else.11 for us, we also have a sixth sense for dishonesty that may 12 us.A Canadian study found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate 13 a credible person and a dishonest one. Sixty toddlers were each 14 to an adult tester holding a plastic container. The tester would ask, “What’s in here?” before looking into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, “Wow!” Each subject was then invited to look 15. Half of them found a toy; the other half 16 the container was empty-and realized the tester had 17 them.Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were 18 to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership. 19, only five of the 30 children paired with the “20”tester participated in a follow-up activity.Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Among the annoying challenges facing the middle class is one that will probably go unmentioned in the next presidential campaign: What happens when the robots come for their jobs?Don't dismiss that possibility entirely. About half of U.S. jobs are at high risk of being automated, according to a University of Oxford study, with the middle class disproportionately squeezed. Lower-income jobs like gardening or day care don't appeal to robots. But many middle-class occupations-trucking, financial advice, software engineering — have aroused their interest, or soon will. The rich own the robots, so they will be fine.This isn't to be alarmist. Optimists point out that technological upheaval has benefited workers in the past. The Industrial Revolution didn't go so well for Luddites whose jobs were displaced by mechanized looms, but it eventually raised living standards and created more jobs than it destroyed. Likewise, automation should eventually boost productivity, stimulate demand by driving down prices, and free workers from hard, boring work. But in the medium term, middle-class workers may need a lot of help adjusting.The first step, as Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee argue in The Second Machine Age, should be rethinking education and job training. Curriculums —from grammar school to college- should evolve to focus less on memorizing facts and more on creativity and complex communication. Vocational schools should do a better job of fostering problem-solving skills and helping students work alongside robots. Online education can supplement the traditional kind. It could make extra training and instruction affordable. Professionals trying to acquire new skills will be able to do so without going into debt.The challenge of coping with automation underlines the need for the U.S. to revive its fading business dynamism: Starting new companies must be made easier. In previous eras of drastic technological change, entrepreneurs smoothed the transition by dreaming up ways to combine labor and machines. The best uses of 3D printers and virtual reality haven't been invented yet. The U.S. needs the new companies that will invent them.Finally, because automation threatens to widen the gap between capital income and labor income, taxes and the safety net will have to be rethought. Taxes on low-wage labor need to be cut, and wage subsidies such as the earned income tax credit should be expanded: This would boost incomes, encourage work, reward companies for job creation, and reduce inequality.Technology will improve society in ways big and small over the next few years, yet this will be little comfort to those who find their lives and careers upended by automation.Destroying the machines that are coming for our jobs would be nuts. But policies to help workers adapt will be indispensable.Text 2A new survey by Harvard University finds more than two-thirds of young Americans disapprove of President Trump’s use of Twitter. The implication is that Millennials prefer news from the White House to be filtered through other source, Not a president’s social media platform.Most Americans rely on social media to check daily headlines. Yet as distrust has risen toward all media, people may be starting to beef up their media literacy skills. Such a trend is badly needed. During the 2016 presidential campaign, nearly a quarter of web content shared by Twitter users in the politically critical state of Michigan was fake news, according to the University of Oxford. And a survey conducted for BuzzFeed News found 44 percent of Facebook users rarely or never trust news from the media giant.Young people who are digital natives are indeed becoming more skillfulat separating fact from fiction in cyberspace. A Knight Foundation focus-group survey of young people between ages 14and24 found they use “distributed trust” to verify stories. They cross-check sources and prefer news from different perspectives—especially those that are open about any bias. “Many young people assume a great deal of personal responsibility for educating themselves and actively seeking out opposing viewpoints,” the survey concluded.Such active research can have another effect. A 2014 survey conducted in Australia, Britain, and the United States by the University of Wisconsin-Madison found that young people’s reliance on social media led to greater political engagement.Social media allows users to experience news events more intimately and immediately while also permitting them to re-share news as a projection of their values and interests. This forces users to be more conscious of their role in passing along information. A survey by Barna research group found the top reason given by Americans for the fake news phenomenon is “reader error,” more so than made-up stories or factual mistakes in reporting. About a third say the problem of fake news lies in “misinterpretation or exaggeration of actual news” via social media. In other words, the choice to share news on social media may be the heart of the issue. “This indicates there is a real personal responsibility in counteracting this problem,” says Roxanne Stone, editor in chief at Barna Group.So when young people are critical of an over-tweeting president, they reveal a mental discipline in thinking skills – and in their choices on when to share on social media.Text 3Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between Britain's National Health Service (NHS) and DeepMind must start by acknowledging that both sides mean well. DeepMind is one of the leading artificial intelligence (AI) companies in the world. The potential of this work applied to healthcare is very great, but it could also lead to further concentration of power in the tech giants. It Is against that background that the information commissioner, Elizabeth Denham, has issued her damning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust under the NHS, which handed over to DeepMind the records of 1.6 million patients In 2015 on the basis of a vague agreement which took far too little account of the patients' rights and their expectations of privacy.DeepMind has almost apologized. The NHS trust has mended its ways. Further arrangements- and there may be many-between the NHS and DeepMindwill be carefully scrutinised to ensure that all necessary permissions have been asked of patients and all unnecessary data has been cleaned. There are lessons about informed patient consent to learn. But privacy is not the only angle in this case and not even the most important. Ms Denham chose to concentrate the blame on the NHS trust, since under existing law it “controlled” the data and DeepMind merely “processed" it. But this distinction misses the point that it is processing and aggregation, not the mere possession of bits, that gives the data value.The great question is who should benefit from the analysis of all the data that our lives now generate. Privacy law builds on the concept of damage to an individual from identifiable knowledge about them. That misses the way the surveillance economy works. The data of an individual there gains its value only when it is compared with the data of countless millions more.The use of privacy law to curb the tech giants in this instance feels slightly maladapted. This practice does not address the real worry. It is not enough to say that the algorithms DeepMind develops will benefit patients and save lives. What matters is that they will belong to a private monopoly which developed them using public resources. If software promises to save lives on the scale that dugs now can, big data may be expected to behave as a big pharm has done. We are still at the beginning of this revolution and small choices now may turn out to have gigantic consequences later. A long struggle will be needed to avoid a future of digital feudalism. Ms Denham's report is a welcome start.Text 4The U.S. Postal Service (USPS) continues to bleed red ink. It reported a net loss of $5.6 billion for fiscal 2016, the 10th straight year its expenses have exceeded revenue. Meanwhile, it has more than $120 billion in unfunded liabilities, mostly for employee health and retirement costs. There are many bankruptcies. Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological change that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, first-class mail, and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new realityAnd interest groups ranging from postal unions to greeting-card makers exert self-interested pressure on the USPS’s ultimate overseer-Congress-insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service, aspects of the status quo they depend on get protected. This is why repeated attempts at reform legislation have failed in recent years,leaving the Postal Service unable to pay its bills except by deferring vital modernization.Now comes word that everyone involved---Democrats, Republicans, the Postal Service, the unions and the system's heaviest users—has finally agreed on a plan to fix the system. Legislation is moving through the House that would save USPS an estimated $28.6 billion over five years, which could help pay for new vehicles, among other survival measures. Most of the money would come from a penny-per-letter permanent rate increase and from shifting postal retirees into Medicare. The latter step would largely offset the financial burden of annually pre-funding retiree health care, thus addressing a long-standing complaint by the USPS and its union.If it clears the House, this measure would still have to get through the Senate – where someone is bound to point out that it amounts to the bare, bare minimum necessary to keep the Postal Service afloat, not comprehensive reform. There’s no change to collective bargaining at the USPS, a major omission considering that personnel accounts for 80 percent of the agency’s costs. Also missing is any discussion of eliminating Saturday letter delivery. That common-sense change enjoys wide public support and would save the USPS $2 billion per year. But postal special-interest groups seem to have killed it, at least in the House. The emerging consensus around the bill is a sign that legislators are getting frightened about a politically embarrassing short-term collapse at the USPS. It is not, however, a sign that they’re getting serious about transforming the postal system for the 21st century.Part BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs C and F have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)A. In December of 1869, Congress appointed a commission to select a site and prepare plans and cost estimates for a new State Department Building. The commission was also to consider possible arrangements for the War and Navy Departments. To the horror of some who expected a Greek Revival twin of the Treasury Building to be erected on the other side ofthe White House, the elaborate French Second Empire style design by Alfred Mullett was selected, and construction of a building to house all three departments began in June of 1871.B. Completed in 1875, the State Department's south wing was the first to be occupied, with its elegant four-story library (completed in 1876), Diplomatic Reception Room, and Secretary's office decorated with carved wood, Oriental rugs, and stenciled wall patterns. The Navy Department moved into the east wing in 1879, where elaborate wall and ceiling stenciling and marquetry floors decorated the office of the Secretary.C. The State, War, and Navy Building, as it was originally known, housed the three Executive Branch Departments most intimately associated with formulating and conducting the nation's foreign policy in the last quarter of the nineteenth century and the first quarter of the twentieth century-the period when the United States emerged as an international power. The building has housed some of the nation's most significant diplomats and politicians and has been the scene of many historic events.D. Many of the most celebrated national figures have participated in historical events that have taken place within the EEOB's granite walls. Theodore and Franklin D. Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Lyndon B. Johnson, Gerald Ford, and George H. W. Bush all had offices in this building before becoming president. It has housed 16 Secretaries of the Navy, 21 Secretaries of War, and 24 Secretaries of State. Winston Churchill once walked its corridors and Japanese emissaries met here with Secretary of State Cordell Hull after the bombing of Pearl Harbor.E. The Eisenhower Executive Office Building (EEOB) commands a unique position in both the national history and the architectural heritage of the United States. Designed by Supervising Architect of the Treasury, Alfred B. Mullett, it was built from 1871 to 1888 to house the growing staffs of the State, War, and Navy Departments, and is considered one of the best examples of French Second Empire architecture in the country.F. Construction took 17 years as the building slowly rose wing by wing. When the EEOB was finished, it was the largest office building in Washington, with nearly 2 miles of black and white tiled corridors. Almost all of the interior detail is of cast iron or plaster; the use of wood was minimized to insure fire safety. Eight monumental curving staircases of granite with over 4,000 individually cast bronze balusters are capped by four skylight domes and two stained glass rotundas.G. The history of the EEOB began long before its foundations were laid.The first executive offices were constructed between 1799 and 1820. A series of fires (including those set by the British in 1814) and overcrowded conditions led to the construction of the existing Treasury Building. In 1866, the construction of the North Wing of the Treasury Building necessitated the demolition of the State Department building.【答案】41. (E)→C →42. (G) →43. (A)→F→44. (B)→45. (D)Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Shakespeare’s life time was coincident with a period of extraordinary activity and achievement in the drama.(46) By the date of his birth Europe was witnessing the passing of the religious drama, and the creation of new forms under the incentive of classical tragedy and comedy. These new forms were at first mainly written by scholars and performed by amateurs, but in England, as everywhere else in western Europe, the growth of a class of professional actors was threatening to make the drama popular, whether it should be new or old, classical or medieval, literary or farcical. Court, school organizations of amateurs, and the traveling actors were all rivals in supplying a widespread desire for dramatic entertainment; and (47) no boy who went a grammar school could be ignorant that the drama was a form of literature which gave glory to Greece and Rome and might yet bring honor to England.When Shakespeare was twelve years old, the first public playhouse was built in London. For a time literature showed no interest in this public stage. Plays aiming at literary distinction were written for school or court, or for the choir boys of St. Paul’s and the royal chapel, who, however, gave plays in public as well as at court.(48) but the professional companies prospered in their permanent theaters, and university men with literature ambitions were quick to turn to these theaters as offering a means of livelihood. By the time Shakespeare was twenty-five, Lyly, Peele, and Greene had made comedies that were at once popular and literary; Kyd had written a tragedy that crowded the pit; and Marlowe had brought poetry and genius to triumph on the common stage - where they had played no part since the death of Euripides. (49) A native literary drama had been created, its alliance with the public playhouses established, and at least some of its great traditions had been begun.The development of the Elizabethan drama for the next twenty-five years is of exceptional interest to students of literary history, for in this brief period we may trace the beginning, growth, blossoming, and decay of many kinds of plays, and of many great careers. We are amazed today at the mere number of plays produced, as well as by the number of dramatists writing at the same time for this London of two hundred thousand inhabitants. (50)To realize how great was the dramatic activity, we must remember further that hosts of plays have been lost, and that probably there is no author of note whose entire work has survived.【参考译文】46.到莎士比亚出生的年代，欧洲经历了宗教戏剧的消亡，以及在古典悲剧和喜剧的影响下新的戏剧形式的产生。
2018年上海外国语大学博士研究生入学考试 英语1试题
上海外国语大学2018年博士研究生入学考试英语一试题（考试时间180分钟，满分100分，共7页）I．Grammar and Vocabulary (30%)Directions: From the four choices given, choose ONE to complete the sentence.Section A: Grammar (15%, @1%)1. A group of writers posted a letter on the website to accuse Ba idu, China’s largest search engine, _____ copyright violation.A. overB. ofC. againstD. about2. Tiger Mother argues that in Chinese culture____ is fun until you are good at it.A. anythingB. everythingC. somethingD. nothing3. It is illegal to make _______ beggars on the streets that every citizen has the right to stop this crime.A. such little childrenB. such few childrenC. so little childrenD. so few children4. Coca-Cola will invest more in China over the coming three years than they _____ in the entire period between 1979 and 2009.A. doB. didC. have doneD. had done5. US Vice-President Joe Biden ____ the local dishes in a small restaurant in Beijing, for he ate almost everything.A. should have enjoyedB. would have enjoyedC. can’t have enjoyedD. must have enjoyed6. We believe that the government in Beijing will provide migrant workers’ children with public education, _____?A. will itB. won’t itC. don’t weD. don’t they7. Hans.J.Wegner, the first Danish designer to achieve worldwide fame for simplicity, always believes that Remove material____ it is not needed.A. unlessB. so thatC. whereD. in case8. Kids in the new century no longer take ____ their parents impose on him for granted.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whether9. Wait at least 24 hours before you buy a big-ticket item, or you will make a purely emotional purchase___ you may regret later.A. whichB. for whichC. about whichD. at which10. The elimination of Bin Laden hardly eliminates the threat of terrorism, _____ the lessening of security procedures.A. it will nor lead toB. nor it will lead toC. it nor will lead toD. nor will it lead to11. The research, ____ by the end of this year, will pave the way for future development.A. to be concludedB. to concludeC. concludedD. have concluded.12. People still lack knowledge about what can be recycled and what cannot, especially when it comes to _____ kitchen garbage.A. sortB. sortingC.sortedD. having sorted13.________, Harry Porter is no longer a boy wizard but a responsible and mature young man.A. Growing upB. Having grown upC. Being grown upD. Having been grown up14. At least 60 percent of workers are supposed to be given access to physical examinations ______ their work is dangerous.A. if onlyB. untilC. providedD. whether15. The reason why we set up “a green responsibility card” is to gi ve people__ a feeling of accomplishment.A．involves B. involving C. involved D. having involvedSection B Vocabulary (15%, @1%)16. You've ________ me a difficult question which I cannot answer.A. posedB. setC. producedD. presented17. The hungry children made a(n) _________ on the kitchen and took all the cakes.A. raidB. assaultC. surpriseD. attack18. The wartime government first ________ men into the forces from nonessential industries.A. enrolledB. absorbedC. recruitedD. admitted19. She wore a _______ white silk dress.A. sheerB. decentC. perfectD. thin20. He does, however, prefer _______ clothes to uniforms.A. ordinaryB. civilianC. customaryD. practical21. There are still many countries where the death penalty is the _______ against murder.A. sanctionB. preventionC. frightD. threat22. Our chances of winning are ________ ;nevertheless, we shall strive to get the best result.A. fragileB. slimC. limpD. feeble23. He spoke so rapidly that I didn't _____ the meaning of what he said.A. captureB. seizeC. catchD. receive24. Only the Chinese have successfully ________ pandas and raised their babies in captivity.A. bredB. fedC. producedD. brought up25. Yesterday's solutions are not always _______ to today's problems.A. favorableB. complementaryC. supplementaryD. applicable26. We’ll show you a film of the _____ of the competition, as there isn't time for the whole thing.A. essenceB. focusC. highlightsD. center27. Buying a new car was first on my list of ________.A. superiorityB. urgencyC. prioritiesD. emergency28. As he is aging, his _______ is getting worse. You have to speak to him in a loud voice.A. hearingB. listeningC. smellingD. tasting29. The travelers in the desert suffered from _____ in the hot sun.A. hungerB. thirstC. fatigueD. boredom30. There has been a serious ______ on the motorway, involving a container lorry and three cars.A. breakdownB. smash-upC. breakupD. conflictII. Cloze Test (20%, @1%)Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Read the passage and choose the best answer for each blank.Salt, shells or metals are still used as money in out-of-the-way parts of the world today.Salt may seem rather a strange 31 to use as money, 32 in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an 33 necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their 34 , were used as money in some countries until recent 35 , and cakes of salt 36 buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa.Sea shells 37 as money at some time 38 another over the greater part of the Old World. These were 39 mainly from the beaches of the Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India and China. In Africa, shells were traded right across the 40 from East to West.Metal, valued by weight, 41 coins in many parts of the world. Iron, in lumps, bars or rings, is still used in many countries 42 paper money. It can either be exchanged 43 goods, or made into tools, weapons, or ornaments. The early money of China, apart from shells, was of bronze, 44 in flat, round pieces with a hole in the middle, called "cash". The 45 of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old-older than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean.Nowadays, coins and notes have 46 nearly all the more picturesque 47 of money, and 48 in one or two of the more remote countries people still keep it for future use on ceremonial 49 such as weddings and funerals, examples of 50 money will soon be found only in museums.31. A. object B. article C. substance D. category32. A. but B. and C. so D. even33. A. abstract B. advantageous C. abundant D. absolute34. A. weight B. value C. role D. size35. A. times B. events C. situations D. conditions36. A. even B. also C. still D. never37. A. had been used B. are used C. would be used D. would have been used38. A. and B. but C. yet D. or39. A. collected B. produced C. grown D. raised40. A. city B. district C. community D. continent41. A. processed B. produced C. preceded D. proceeded42. A. in spite of B. instead of C. along with D. in line with43. A. against B. as C. in D. for44. A. often B. seldom C. really D. much45. A. earlier B. earliest C. better D. best46. A. replaced B. reproduced C. reflected D. recovered47. A. sizes B. shapes C. formats D. forms48. A. while B. although C. because D. if49. A. events B. gatherings C. occasions D. assemblies50. A. original B. primitive C. historical D. crudeIII. Reading Comprehension(10%, @1%)Directions: In this part there are two passages. Each passage is followed by five questions. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question.Passage OneWe can begin our discussion of "population as global issue" with what most persons mean when they discuss "the population problem": too many people on earth and a too rapid increase in the numberadded each year. The facts are not in dispute. It was quite right to employ the analogy that likened demographic growth to "a long, thin powder fuse that burns steadily and haltingly until it finally reaches the charge and explodes."To understand the current situation, which is characterized by rapid increases in population, it is necessary to understand the history of population trends. Rapid growth is a comparatively recent phenomenon. Looking back at the 8,000 years of demographic history, we find that populations have been virtually stable or growing very slightly for most of human history. For most of our ancestors, life was hard, often nasty, and very short. There was high fertility in most places, but this was usually balanced by high mortality. For most of human history, it was seldom the case that one in ten persons would live past forty, while infancy and childhood were especially risky periods. Often, societies were in clear danger of extinction because death rates could exceed their birthrates. Thus, the population problem throughout most of history was how to prevent extinction of the human race.This pattern is important to notice. Not only does it put the current problems of demographic growth into a historical perspective, but it suggests that the cause of rapid increase in population in recent years is not a sudden enthusiasm for more children, but an improvement in the conditions that traditionally have caused high mortality.Demographic history can be divided into two major periods: a time of long, slow growth which extended from about 8,000 B.C. till approximately AD. 1650. In the first period of some 9600 years, the population increased from some 8 million to 500 million in 1650. Between 1650 and the present, the population has increased from 500 million to more than 4 billion. And it is estimated that by the year 2050 there will be 6.2 billion people throughout the world. One way to appreciate this dramatic difference in such abstract numbers is to reduce the time frame to something that is more manageable. Between 8000BC and 1650, an average of only 50,000 persons was being added annually to the world's population each year. At present, this number is added every six hours. The increase is about 80,000,000 persons annually.1.Which of the following demographic growth pattern is most suitable for the long thin powder fuseanalogy?A. A virtually stable or slightly decreasing period and then a sudden explosion of population.B. A slow growth for a long time and then a period of rapid, dramatic increase.C. Too many people on earth and a few rapid increase in the number added each year.D. A long period when death rates exceeds birthrates and then a short period with higher fertility andlower mortality.2.During the first period of demographic history, societies were often in danger of extinctionbecause___.A. only one in ten persons could live past 40.B. there was higher mortality than fertility in most places.C. it was too dangerous to have babies due to the poor conditions.D. our ancestors had little enthusiasm for more children.3.Which statement is true about population increase?A. There might be an increase of 2.2 billion persons from now to the year 2050.B. About 50,000 babies are born every six hours at present.C. Between 8000 BC and the present, the population increase is about 80,000,000 persons each year.D. The population increased faster between 8000BC and 1650 than between 1650 and the present.4.The author of the passage intends to___.A. warn people against the population explosion in the near future.B. compare the demographic growth pattern in the past with that after 1650.C. find out the cause for rapid increase in population in recent years.D. present us a clear and complete picture of the demographic growth.5.The word "demographic" in the first paragraph means___.A. statistics of human.B. surroundings study.C. accumulation of human.D. development of human.PASSAGE BChinese Americans today have higher incomes than Americans in general and higher occupational status. The Chinese have risen to this position despite some of the harshest discrimination and violence faced by any immigrants to the United States in the history of this country. Long confined to a narrow range of occupations they succeeded in those occupations and then spread out into other areas in later years, when opportunities finally opened up for them. Today much of the Chinese prosperity is due to the simple fact that they work more and have more (usually better) education than others. Almost one out of five Chinese families has three or more income earners compared to one out of thirteen for Puerto Ricans, one out of ten among American Indians, and one out of eight among Whites. When the Chinese advantages in working and educational are held constant, they have no advantage over other Americans. That is in a Chinese Family with a given number of people working and with a given amount of education by the head of the family, the income is not only about average for such families, and offer a little less than average.While Chinese Americans as a group are prosperous and well-educated Chinatowns are pockets of poverty, and illiteracy is much higher among the Chinese than among Americans in general. Those paradoxes are due to sharp internal differences. Descendants of the Chinese Americans who emigrated long ago from Toishan Province have maintained Chinese values and have added acculturation to American society with remarkable success. More recent Hong Kong Chinese are from more diverse cultural origins, and acquired western values and styles in Hong Kong, without having acquired the skills to proper and support those aspirations in the American economy. Foreign-born Chinese men in the United States are one-fourth lower incomes than native-born Chinese even though the foreign-born have been in the United States an average of seventeen years. While the older Hong Kong Chinese work tenaciously to sustain and advance themselves, the Hong Kong Chinese youths often react with resentment and antisocial behavior, including terrorism and murder. The need to maintain tourism in Chinatown causes the Chinese leaders to mute or downplay these problems as much as possible.6.According to the passage, today, Chinese Americans owe their prosperity to___.A. their diligence and better education than others.B. their support of American government.C. their fight against discriminations.D. advantages in working only.7.The passage is mainly concerned with___.A. Chinese Americans today.B. social status of Chinese Americans today.C. incomes and occupational status of Chinese Americans today.D. problems of Chinese Americans today.8.Chinatowns are pockets of poverty, as is probably associated with___.A. most descendants of Chinese Americans are rebelling.B. most descendants of Chinese Americans are illiterate.C. sharp internal difference between Chinese coming from different cultural backgrounds.D. only a few Chinese Americans are rich.9.Which of the following statements is not true according to this article?A.As part of the minority, Chinese Americans are still experiencing discrimination in Americantoday.B. Nowadays, Chinese Americans are working in wider fields.C. Foreign-born Chinese earn lower income than native-born Chinese Americans with the similaradvantages in the U.S.D. None of the above.10.According to the author, which of the following can best describe the older Hong Kong Chinese andthe youngerA. Tenacious; rebellion.B. Conservative; open-minded.C. Out-of-date; fashionable.D. Obedient; disobedient.IV. Translation (20%)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese.More people than ever now work from home for part or all of the week. Such flexibility can seem a good idea, but many people find it difficult to manage their time. Working from home in isolation can also prevent people from engaging in the daily interpersonal relationships that working life can offer –and which can help creativity and improve our mental well-being.In an ordinary workplace, we are helped in our time management by the fact that our access to many temptations is limited. We don’t have to constantly monitor ourselves as our colleagues or bosses are likely to be doing so. While we might bemoan our lack of choice about what we do and when – such as attending a two-hour meeting – we can also be relieved of the need to make choices about what to do next.But when working from home, temptations abound which can eat up our time. Food is in the fridge or can be bought in a quick trip to the shops. Excitement of all kinds can be easily accessed through social media, websites or games which will enthrall us. For some, the temptations to use their time “badly”, particularly onlin e, can be very seductive. At any moment there is a delicate balance of power within: between our creative, constructive side and the side which seeks easier gratification and mindlessness.V. Writing(20%)Directions: Write an essay of about 200 words according to the following prompt. A title is needed.The past few years have witnessed a mounting number of universities allowing students to evaluate their teachers and even decide if they can stay on their positions. Some say that students know the most clearly about the performance of a teacher; some say it is dangerous to leave the right to students to evaluate teachers. Is it up to students to evaluate their teachers? What’s your opinion?You are to write in three parts.In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is.In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your opinion.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.Marks will be awarded for content, language and organization.。
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上外2018年MTI真题回忆版（超详细）（一）翻译硕士英语一、阅读，回答问题（哲学类，3页5面，四个问题，40分）标题：Barney's caseStudy of philosophy knowledgeBarney’s case of the study of history of philosophy?（Barney's case for the history of philosophy）……问题：1.What are the reasons Barney cite for the study of history by three goroups of people？2. According to the passage, what are Martin Lin's interpretation about philosphers?3.How does the author comment on the men's innate thirst for knowledge?4.Sum up how the author writes about Barney and Martin Lin’s discussion on philosophical progress二、Writing. 800words, 60分Digital Humanities in the New Era（二）英语翻译基础一、汉译英，翻译划线部分，70分对中国90后，00后深入骨髓的剖析现如今的家庭教育之难，难在什么地方？难在我们的教育有太多的悖论和问题需要面对。
各位父母，我先问你们一个问题，你了解现在的孩子吗？我在这个问题上很有发言权，因为近20年来，我大概接触了8000个家庭案例。
当今的孩子是怎么回事？当今的孩子是什么人？我们要从本质上来把握。
假如我们不能从本质上来把握，学校教育也好，家庭教育也好，都不会在点子上。
从1993年以后孩子们就开始不一样了。
为什么这么说呢？理由是1993年中国取缔了粮票，这件事情年纪大的是不是还记得？在中国这样一个国家里面，取缔了粮票意味着什么？我们吃饭不愁了。
当一个民族吃饭不愁，尤其是到我们这样的民族吃饭不愁的时候，我们会愁什么呢？我们的需要开始变得不一样了，人对人的需要不一样了，家长对孩子的需要不一样了，社会对人的需要不一样，人对社会的需要不一样了。
我们来看1993年以后的人的基本特征，首先，他们都是独套公寓里的独子。
独套公寓里的独子有什么样的人生感受呢？你可以去试试，到春天的时候，买一只刚刚生出来的小鸡，养着它，给它好吃好喝，你看看是不是两个礼拜以后小鸡就死掉了，因为小鸡也会孤独。
现在的孩子带着天生的孤独感来到这个世界。
那么孤独会有哪些麻烦？一，人一孤独，无端伤感，莫名其妙流眼泪；二，人一孤独，思考力就变得非常强，所以麻烦就来了，既不思考吃，又不思考穿，他就过早地思考了一个终极问题，最高哲学问题，“我存在有什么意义？”我们现在的孩子，连四岁的孩子就会在那里发呆了，你不知道他小脑袋里想什么。
一旦人有这种问题，痛苦就伴随着他了。
所以我们教育面对的问题是我们得知道自己的子女是什么人，才可以有方向。
第一，当今的孩子背负着沉重的情感负担回想我们小时候，大部分人都生活在多子女家庭，父母很难投入过多的关注在某一个孩子身上。
但是现在的孩子是什么样？上海这样的城市里，一个孩子来到这个世界上，就有六个人围着他，这六个人会把最好的付出给他。
那么六个人爱一个孩子，你能体会到这个孩子的感受吗？你知道这个孩子的内心世界吗？他内心里面的苦闷你知道吗？其实人都有一种本能，谁对自己好，他就要报恩。
我看到一个四岁的孩子跟奶奶说，奶奶，我长大后赚钱给你用，是因为他觉得奶奶对他太好了。
可是等到十几岁他就搞清楚了，他报不了这个恩，为什么？因为这些大人又不会要他的钱来回报，他们要的是孩子去读名牌大学。
可名牌大学在中国就这么几所，凭什么就你们家孩子去呢？每年都有来自全国各地的高三的学生来找我咨询，他们所有的症状都是一样的：到了高三不投入学习，整天看手机，整天看小说。
你问他想不想考大学？他回答，想，还要考好的。
那为什么不投入呢？因为他们焦虑不堪。
我只要说一句话他们就会淌眼泪，我说：“你可能考不到你觉得理想的大学，然后你会觉得实在对不起你的家长，他们对你太好了，是不是？”孩子们一听眼泪就淌下来。
孩子们太可怜了。
我跟这些孩子说：“谁告诉你，你家长的幸福要你来负责任？孩子们，这个世界上没有一个人可以对另外一个人的幸福负责任。
比如说两个人谈恋爱，一个男的对女的说‘嫁给我吧，我会给你一生一世的幸福’，结果没有三天就吵翻天了。
孩子们，你记住，幸福是自己的主观人生体验。
”有一个妈妈，她培育了一个博士儿子，这个博士后来做了外交官，谁都羡慕这个妈妈，但是我们看她在干吗？天天在吃抗抑郁症的药；还有一个妈妈，她的儿子只不过是个普通工人，但是我们看到这个妈妈天天在乐呵呵地搓麻将。
所以，幸福不是别人能给的，而是自己的主观体验。
父母们要告诉孩子不要背这个包袱，轻装往前走，这个才是给孩子正能量。
我讲一句贴心的话，我们把孩子带到这个世界上来，你要记住，不是他要来的，如果他要选择未必会选你，你是单向选择。
我跟我儿子经常说的话是，“儿子，咱们母子一场，彼此不要嫌弃，你不嫌我，我不嫌你。
”孩子没有这种重担，他才能轻装往前走，他才不会有考试焦虑。
现在咱们国家有多少学生因为在临考前焦虑不堪，学习成绩才没有达到应该有的目标呀！我们能看到现在的孩子有空前的学业压力，这只是显性的，而隐性的东西是孩子们整天跟焦虑高危人群在一起，这些人是孩子的父母、老师。
你想想看，如果孩子在学校、在家里都要面对一群焦虑的人，人人对孩子拉橡皮筋，老师在学校里不停强调考试、学习；孩子回到家，家长也在强调考试、学习，那孩子可能就完了。
跟焦虑的人在一起，会疲惫不堪，我们孩子所遇到的压力是全世界没有的。
美国的学校不应试吗？也应试的，人家的学习任务也很重，可是人家的老师和家长不是我们这样的内心世界，我们（父母）自己太脆弱、不够强大。
第二，当今的孩子对话语权要求很高现在孩子的第二个特征是对话语权要求非常高。
这绝对是一个很特殊的现象，在中国几千年来是没有的。
我有时候在思考，独生子女政策虽然有很多弊端，但是它会推动民主进程。
为什么呢？首先，人的环境不一样。
我们小时候被教育成“大人说话，小孩别插嘴”，我们认为这是天经地义的。
现在孩子的生活是这样的，他在家里没有兄弟姐妹，直接跟大人对话，为什么你说话我不可以说话呢？反过来看我们现在的学校教育者，还是秉承老一套。
我们经常可以看到有的中学生被老师教育的时候，老师在训他，这个中学生就这样子，“你讲好了。
差不多了讲好了吧？我可以进教室了吧？”他根本不会听你讲的。
为什么？因为你不了解他话语权要求很高，你没有给他平等的对话。
这也就是我们职场上马上要面对的93年以后的人。
曾经有个老总找我，说他有一个名牌大学的实习生，这个实习生在开会的时候负责做记录，会上老总发完言，实习生说：“我也来讲”，老总说：“怎么轮到你讲？”他说：“我为什么不可以讲？我也了解啊！”于是这个老总就看不懂了。
我跟他说，你要看懂他们话语权要求很高，如果你不让他有话语的可能性，他就到网上去说，你堵不住他的。
所以各位，你想想看，有这种平等话语权要求的民族，它怎么不是进步的呢？这是对我们几千年文化的一种挑战，你要面对的是我们的文化怎么来衔接，只有把它衔接好了以后，孩子才能够平稳地过渡，而不受到他前代人的压制，这是我们所遇到的问题。
第三，当今的孩子知识面宽广各位在座的老师你不要生气，现在的孩子他未必是要到你这里来接受知识的，好多课都有光盘，他可以买来光盘自己看，而且都是名师讲的。
现在的老师没有权威性，不像我们小时候，家里如果没有一本书，老师就是万宝全书，现在没有这样的老师。
你也别指望你做这样的老师，或者说你可能得不到这样老师的感受。
老师不理解这点就会打击学生，就否定现在的学生不如过去的学生。
其实这就是时代的特征，跟不上的话，那是老师的问题。
在上海，有的孩子读初中的时候，已经走过半个地球了。
老师在教室里面讲加拿大，学生说，“我在加拿大待过很长时间，老师你去过没有？”那么各位，这个书怎么教？我讲的都是非常实际的东西，教育要针对这些问题才能对未来的学生有用。
第四，当今的孩子都很善良我们所有的1993年以后孩子的父母都会说他的孩子有这样那样的缺点，但是有一点，孩子是非常善良的。
这就是中国的希望所在。
理由如下：你在马路上，但凡看到一个乞丐，小孩子的脚步就有点迈不开了，他会拖住他妈妈尽量慢一点，实际上他想让他的妈妈捐点钱给这个乞丐。
小孩子很善良，原因是他有爱，他是浸润在爱当中长大的，他是在一个物质丰厚的时代里长大的，这样的人他一定善良，一定有爱心。
爱心不是空穴来风，爱心是有条件的。
现在的孩子具备了基础条件，所以他有同情心，他同情弱者，他爱别人。
所以他的道德判断水平要比我们这代人高多了。
因为不同的身世，两代人的道德水准是不同的。
所以我觉得非常有信心，后面的年轻人他们会越来越好，他们没有经过文化大革命，这一代孩子是有希望的。
我们做家长的绝对不要辜负了他们，他们都是好孩子。
第五，当今都市孩子现实感非常弱当今都市孩子现实感非常弱也是教育的结果。
我们的孩子从小到大一切现实事务都被替代了，他们只知道好好学习，而我们的学校也没有提供给孩子处理事务的可能性，除了学习和补课没有其他活动。
孩子在现代化的电脑世界里生活，现实感很弱。
他们在虚拟的世界体会到真实感，在真实的世界里有虚拟感，这就是他们的特征。
比如说现在的中学生都在玩“手办”，人数大概比例是1/4。
什么叫手办？“手办”就是以日本动漫为模板所制作的那些玩偶。
他一个人跟这些玩偶在玩，有的时候玩偶还带一些色情，一个男孩子玩到他会爱上这个玩偶，然后就会在虚拟世界里捣鼓真实感。
他们在网上交流，似乎这个玩偶是一个活人一样，最后他反而在真实世界里有虚拟感。
两个人在网上聊好了以后准备见面，坐在一起，居然没有话，结果说，“我们网上去说吧，再见。
”就到网上去说了。
有一个场景，有几个四、五岁的孩子，他们在一间没有大人的房间里。
如果我们以常识来看，这个房间一定翻天了，地上都是水，弄得一塌糊涂。
但现实是，这个房间门一打开，鸦雀无声，每个小孩都很安静，比老人院还宁静。
这就是我们的孩子，他们“一不怕死，二就怕苦”。
你跟孩子说不好好学习，将来会过什么什么苦日子，他会跟你说，“不可能的，如果到那天我会去死的。
”人家连死都不怕还会怕什么？让我们怎么教育？我不知道在座的有没有德育校长，如果有，请思考一下：我们现在中小学的德育活动应该做什么？因为孩子们现实感很弱，学校应该提供这种帮助，模拟法庭，模拟超市，模拟社区……去搞这些东西。