中国特色词汇中法对照
英语中六个中国特色的音译词
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英语中六个中国特色的音译词近日有中国媒体为“《牛津英语词典》可能收录‘土豪’(Tuhao)等中文词”这类新闻自得:“中国贡献的英语单词,正不知不觉、越来越多地融入了国际生活的方方面面……从深层次看……反映了中国正在融入全球化进程。
”现在像“Guanxi”、“Chengguan”这种“中国特色”的中文音译词语经常出现英文读物中。
这些词源于中国没错,却不见得可以自豪。
“Guanxi”:被收入牛津词典的最出名中文音译词.被收入牛津词典的中文音译词,最出名的就是“Guanxi”。
《牛津英语词典》对此的释义是:“源于中国普通话,字面上理解和‘联系’是一个意思,特指在中国有助于商业活动和其他交易的社交网络系统、有影响力的人际关系。
”2013年美国《大西洋月刊》的一篇文章《摩根大通在中国:为何‘照常营业’越来越难》对“Guanxi”这个字在英语语境中的含义做了更明白的解读:“每个去中国的外国人到中国后不久,都会学到一个神奇的单词:‘Guanxi’。
这是这个13亿人的国家中必要的东西。
有了‘Guanxi’,就能意味着得到一份工作、进入不错的学校、或帮助新企业避免不必要的政府关注。
‘拉拉’‘Guanxi’,就能快速而不费事地解决棘手的问题。
”Chengguan”:源于媒体对“中国市政准警察力量”的报道.Chengguan”这一单词,源于英文媒体报道中国城管时无法找到对应的英文单词,只能音译。
2013年7月《大西洋月刊》介绍中国“城管”制度的文章题目便是《见过“Chengguan”:中国受憎恨的、暴虐的地方警察》,其中对“Chengguan”的介绍是:“作为在中国最被广泛厌恶的市政警察,从常规警察部门中分离出来的‘Chengguan’负责管理城市生活中最卑下的一部分……虽然每个社会都有警察滥用暴力,但‘Chengguan’的残暴是中国独有的。
”2013年8月《华尔街日报》以《中国城市准警察的定时炸弹》一文来介绍“城管”制度:“‘Chengguan’是中国城市政府组织、雇佣的辅助性准警察力量,负责管理各种市政问题。
中国特色词语的翻译
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中国特色词语的翻译(之一)中国特色词语的翻译A·爱心工程Loving Care Project·安家费settling-in allowance·安慰奖consolation prize·暗箱操作black case work·按资排辈to assign priority according to seniority·按揭贷款mortgage loan·按揭购房to buy a house on mortgage; to mortgage a houseB·把关guard a pass·霸权主义hegemonism·吧台bar counter·把握大局grasp the overall situation·拔河(游戏) tug-of-war·摆花架子 a metaphor for presenting an attractive facade but in reality lacking substance ·拜金主义money worship·百年老店century-old shop·白热化be white-hot·摆脱贫困shake off poverty; lift oneself from poverty·拜把兄弟sworn brothers·摆架子put on airs·白马王子Prince Charming·拜年pay New Year call·摆谱儿put on airs; show off; keep up appearances·班车shuttle bus·半拉子工程uncompleted project·板楼,板式楼slab-type apartment building·斑马线zebra stripes·班门弄斧teach onea"> pedestrian overpass·不以物喜,不以己悲not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personnal losses ·不正之风bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendencyC·擦边球"edge ball, touch ball"·菜篮子工程shopping basket program·菜鸟,新手green hand·采取高姿态show magnanimity·财务报表financial statement·参拜靖国神社visit to the Yasukuni war shrine·参政、议政participate in the management of State affairs·仓储式超市stockroom-style supermarket·层层转包和违法分保multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting·茶道sado·差额选举competitive election·查房make/go the rounds of the wards·拆东墙补西墙rob Peter to pay Paul·拆迁户households or units relocated due to building demolition·禅dhyana·产粮大省granary province·产品积压overstocked products·产品结构product mix·产品科技含量technological element of a product·产品生命周期分析LCA (Life Cycle Analysis)·产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理"clearly established ownership, well defined power and respo enterprise from administration, and scientific management "·产权制度、产权关系property relations; property order·唱高调mouth high-sounding words·长江三角洲Yangtze River delta·长江中下游the middle and lower reaches of Changjiang River·长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共"long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, sincere treatment with ea of weal or woe "·畅通工程Smooth Traffic Project·常务理事executive member of the council·超前消费pre-mature consumption; overconsuming; excessive consumption; spend beyond one: Tahoma"> ma cases·大专生junior college student·大专文凭associate degree·待岗"await job assignment, post-waiting"·代培train on contract; be commissioned to train; directional training·代销店commission agent·带薪分流assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain their original rank and bene ·带薪假期paid holiday·待业job-waiting·待业人员job-waiting people·呆帐dead account·代职function in an acting capacity·单边主义unilateralism·党风建设construction of the Party conduct·党群关系Party-masses relationship·党政机关Party and government organizations·盗版VCD pirated VCD·德智体美劳"all around development of moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetics and labour education "·邓小平外交思想Deng Xiaopingblack; FONT-FAMIL Y: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hans mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-C AR-SA">·分流reposition of redundant personnel·分期付款installment payment·疯牛病mad cow disease; bovine spongiform enceohalopathy (BSE)·风险基金VC funds·风险投资venture capital; risk investment·浮动工资floating wages; fluctuating wages·复读机repeater·覆盖率coverage rate·富贵病rich man: AR-SA"> 1.one: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-l 圈hu la hoop·胡子工程long-drawn-out project (a project which takes so long that young workers become bearded)·滑板车scooter·画中画picture-in-picture (PIP)·坏帐bad account·会考unified examination; general examination·回扣kickback·灰色经济grey economy·婚前同居premarital cohabit·婚前协议prenup·婚纱摄影bride photo·婚外恋extramarital love·活到老,学到老One is never too old to learn.·火炬计划Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)J·基本国情fundamental realities of the country·基本路线要管一百年The basic line must be followed unswervingly for a very long time to come.·基地组织al-Qaeda group·计划单列市city specifically designated in the state plan·计划经济planned economy·计划生育责任制responsibility system of family planning·集体观念groupism; collective spirit·集体婚礼collective wedding ceremony; group wedding·集体经济collective economy·吉祥如意Everything goes well·继续深化国有企业改革、使企业真正成为市场竞争的主体to deepen SOE reform to enable them to become ma competition;·积压产品overstocked commodities (inventories)·嘉宾"distinguished guest, honored guest"·假唱lip-synch·假动作"deception, feint"·甲骨文oracle bone inscriptions·假冒伪劣产品counterfeit and shoddy products·假球;黑哨soccer fraud; black whistle·假日经济holiday economy·家庭联产承包责任制the household contract responsibility system·减负alleviate burdens on sb.·渐进式台独gradual Taiwan independence·见面会meet-and-greet·减员增效downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency·脚踩两只船sit on the fence·假帐accounting fraud·借调temporarily transfer·借读生transient student·解放生产力emancipate the productive forces·解放思想、实事求是的思想路线ideological line of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts·近水楼台先得月"First come, first served; A water-front pavilion gets the moonlight first--the advantage of bein ·金无足赤,人无完人Gold can-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-far mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> 啦啦队cheering squad·来电fall in love with someone·老三届junior and senior high school graduates of 1966~1968; school leavers of 1966~1968·老少边穷地区"former revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited by minority nationalities, remote and border ar areas "·老生常谈,陈词滥调cut and dried, cliché·老油条wily old bird; old slicker·老字号an old and famous shop or enterprise; time-honoured brand·利改税substitution of tax payment for profit delivery·礼仪小姐ritual girl·联产承包责任制system of contracted responsibility linking remuneration to output; contract system with remun ·练摊to be a vendor·廉政建设construction of a clean and honest administration·廉政、勤政、务实、高效政府an honest, diligent, pragmatic and efficient government·两岸直航促进会Association for Promotion of Cross-Straits Direct Transportation·两弹一艇"A-bomb, H-bomb and nuclear-powered submarine"·两弹一星atomic bomb, hydrogen bomb and artificial satellite·两个文明一起抓place equal emphasis on material and ethical progress·两会two Conferences (i.e. the National Peoplemso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">·盲流blind influx (labourers aimlessly flowing fro cities)·盲流和倒流人员transient from the countryside·每逢佳节倍思亲On festive occasions more than ever one thinks of onea; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; m mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> throw good money after b ·配套政策supporting policies·碰钉子get snubbed·碰头会"brief meeting ( A brief, small-scale, informal meeting with no fixed agenda, the main purpose o information.) "·碰一鼻子灰be sent off with a flea in one。
法语学习:中国特色词汇中法对照
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法语学习:中国特色词汇中法对照1 不正之风pratiques malsaines tendances néfastes2 党内不允许有腐败分子的藏身之地Le Parti ne doit abriter en son sein aucun élément corrompu Aucun élément corrompu ne peut trouver refuge au sein du Parti Le Parti doit purger ses rangs de tous les éléments corrompus chasser / déloger des rangs du Parti les éléments corrompus3 长治久安(assurer une) stabilité durable bonne administration du pays et stabilité durable4 唱响社会主义文化的主旋律promouvoir / propager une culture centrée / fondée sur les grandes valeurs socialistes développer la culture socialiste5 处理好先富与后富、个人富裕与共同富裕的关系harmoniser les rapports entre les premiers enrichis et ceux qui sont en voie de s’enrichir / les premiers riches et ceux qui sont en voie de le devenir, et concilier l’enrichissement individuel et l’enrichissement collectif harmoniser les rapports entre ceux qui sont les premiers à s’enrichir et ceux qui se rattraperont plus tard, et concilier l’enrichissement individuel et l’e nrichissement collectif6 毛泽东思想pensée (de) Mao Zedong7 邓小平理论théorie (de) Deng Xiaoping8 党管干部的原则principe du contrôle de la gestion de l’ensemble du personnel par le Parti9 荡涤旧社会留下来的和国外渗透来的腐朽没落的旧文化éliminer de la culture chinoise les facteurs de décadence provenant du passé ou de l’étranger éliminer ce qu’il y a de pourri et de décadent dans la culture traditionnelle et étrangère10 德才兼备的原则principe dit « être politiquement conscient et professionnellement qualifié » principe dit « être vertueux e t talentueux »11 亚太领导人非正式会议Réunion des dirigeants des entités économiques de l’APEC12 反腐倡廉lutter contre la corruption et promouvoir / encourager / exalter l’intégrité / la probité lutte anti-corruption13 富民政策politique d’encouragement à l’enrichisse ment (suivre / appliquer) la politique visant à encourager les Chinois / la population à s’enrichir14 干部能上能下accepter volontiers des fonctions aussi bien à la base qu’au sommet être disposé à travailler à tous les échelons (hiérarchiques) / à n’importe quel échelon hiérarchique être disposé à passer à tous les échelons15 论有中国特色的社会主义Du socialisme à la chinoise16 努力提高对外开放水平(s’efforcer de) mieux appliquer la politique d’ouverture sur l’extérieur élargir l’ouverture17 工人阶级的先锋队détachement d’avant-garde de la classe ouvrière18 坚持党的群众路线,深入群众,深入基层,倾听群众呼声,反映群众意愿,集中群众智慧s’en tenir à la ligne de masse du Parti, aller à la base, se mêler aux masses, être attentif à la voix de / se mettre à l’écoute de celles-ci, refléter leurs aspirations et focaliser les rayons de la sagesse collective / faire valoir / concentrer leur sagesse collective (réunir les idées judicieuses)19 坚持人民的利益高于一切placer l’intérêt du peuple au-dessus de tout faire passer les intérêts du peuple avant toute autre préoccupation /considération20 建功立业accomplir des actes méritoires donner le meilleur de soi-même servir le peuple21 “三讲”(讲学习,讲政治,讲正气)« trois impératifs » : application à l’étude, engagement politique et amour de la droiture / triple formation / formation sur trois plans, théorique, po litique et moral22 解放被束缚的生产力libérer les forces productives entravées23 精神世界(精神境界)niveau moral conscience droite / intègre /pure élévation d’esprit grandeur d’âme24 居安思危,增强忧患意识rester vigilant en période de paix, savoir se prémunir contre tout risque garder l’esprit vigilant même en temps de paix / quand on se trouve en sécurité penser au pire quand tout va bien C’est lorsque tout va bien qu’il faut penser au pire.25 教育科学文化素质qualité / formation sur les plans éducatif, scientifique et culturel (posséder une) formation solide : bien éduqué, cultivé etau courant des progrès scientifiques26 扩大干部工作中的民主démocratiser la gestion des cadres27 立党为公,执政为民travailler avec abnégation pour de nobles objectifs et être au pouvoir dans l’intérêt du peuple / (le Part i) se mettre au service des intérêts communs et être au pouvoir / exercer le pouvoir pour le peuple Notre Parti est toujours au service de l’intérêt / du bien général, et notre gouvernement recherche toujours le bien-être du peuple.28 立党之本,执政之基,力量之源fondement du Parti, assise de son pouvoir et source de sa force29 同……一脉相承venir / provenir en droite ligne de être issu / émaner de30 买办的封建的生产关系rapports de production compradors-féodaux31 经得住权力、金钱、美色的考验résister à la tentation du pouvoir, de l’argent et du ***e32 依法治国和以德治国administrer le pays / gouverner le pays et par la loi et par la vertu combiner le gouvernement du pays selon la loi avec l’administration du pays en insistant sur une noble morale État de droit et État de vertu33 民族区域自治制度système d’autonomie dans les régions peuplées par des ethnies minoritaires autonomie régionale d’ethnies minoritaires34 努力防止和坚决抵制腐朽文化和各种错误思想观点对人们的侵蚀s’efforcer de prévenir et de combattre la corruption desesprits par la culture décadente et les idées erronées35 全国各族人民peuple chinois multiethnique / pluriethnique différentes ethnies de / qui composent la nation chinoise36 “一边一国”论assertion dite (d’)« un pays de chaque côté »37 取其精华,去其糟粕absorber la quintessence de qqch. et en rejeter la lie38 全面建设小康社会travailler à la réalisation complète d’une société relativement aisée / d’aisance moyenne travailler sur tous les plans à l’édification / la construction d’une société au niveau de vie relativement élevé construire une société capable d’assurer au peuple une vie relativement aisée sur tous les plans faire accéder, sur tous les plans, notre société à une aisance moyenne39 人才辈出émergence massive de personnes de talent / de personnes hautement qualifiées40 人心向背(évolution de l’)opinion publique sentiments populaires adhési on populaire soutien populaire41 社会经济成分composantes économiques42 生态建设aménagement écologique protection de l’environnement43 思想道德素质niveau de conscience et qualité morale44 四项基本原则Quatre Principes fondamentaux (s’en tenir à la voiesocialiste, à la dictature de démocratie populaire, à la direction du Parti communiste chinois, au marxisme-léninisme et à la pensée Mao Zedong)45 缩小和剔除各种错误思想观点借以滋生的土壤réduire le terrain favorable à la propagation des idées erronées et les éliminer radicalement。
中国特色的称谓译法
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用流利英文介绍中国传统....留着用了来源:高◕‿◕瑶的日志1. 元宵节:Lantern Festival2. 刺绣:embroidery3. 重阳节:Double-Ninth Festival4. 清明节:Tomb sweeping day5. 剪纸:Paper Cutting6. 书法:Calligraphy7. 对联:(Spring Festival) Couplets8. 象形文字:Pictograms/Pictographic Characters9. 人才流动:Brain Drain/Brain Flow10. 四合院:Siheyuan/Quadrangle11. 战国:Warring States12. 风水:Fengshui/Geomantic Omen13. 铁饭碗:Iron Bowl14. 函授部:The Correspondence Department15. 集体舞:Group Dance16. 黄土高原:Loess Plateau17. 红白喜事:Weddings and Funerals18. 中秋节:Mid-Autumn Day19. 结婚证:Marriage Certificate20. 儒家文化:Confucian Culture21. 附属学校:Affiliated school22. 古装片:Costume Drama23. 武打片:Chinese Swordplay Movie24. 元宵:T angyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup)25. 一国两制:One Country, Two Systems26. 火锅:Hot Pot27. 四人帮:Gang of Four28. 《诗经》:The Book of Songs29. 素质教育:Essential-qualities-oriented Education30. 《史记》:Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian31. 大跃进:Great Leap Forward (Movement)32. 《西游记》:The Journey to the West33. 除夕:Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival34. 针灸:Acupuncture35. 唐三彩:Tri-color Pottery of the T ang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery36. 中国特色的社会主义:Chinese-charactered Socialism/Socialism with Chinese characteristics37. 偏旁:radical38. 孟子:Mencius39. 亭/阁:Pavilion/ Attic40. 大中型国有企业:Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises41. 火药:gunpowder42. 农历:Lunar Calendar43. 印/玺:Seal/Stamp44. 物质精神文明建设:The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization45. 京剧:Beijing Opera/Peking Opera46. 秦腔:Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera47. 太极拳:T ai Chi48. 独生子女证:The Certificate of One-child49. 天坛:Altar of Heaven in Beijing50. 小吃摊:Snack Bar/Snack Stand51. 红双喜:Double Happiness52. 政治辅导员:Political Counselor/School Counselor53. 春卷:Spring Roll(s)54. 莲藕:Lotus Root55. 追星族:Star Struck56. 故宫博物院:The Palace Museum57. 相声:Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58. 下岗:Lay off/Laid off59. 北京烤鸭:Beijing Roast Duck60. 高等自学考试:Self-taught Examination of Higher Education61. 烟花爆竹:fireworks and firecracker62. 敦煌莫高窟:Mogao Caves63. 电视小品:TV Sketch/TV Skit64. 香港澳门同胞:Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao65. 文化大革命:Cultural Revolution66. 长江中下游地区:The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River67. 门当户对:Perfect Match/Exact Match68. 《水浒》:Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh69. 中外合资企业:Joint Ventures70. 文房四宝(笔墨纸砚):"The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone"71.兵马俑:cotta Warriors/ Terracotta Army72.旗袍:cheongsam。
英语中六个中国特色的音译词
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英语中六个中国特色的音译词近日有中国媒体为“《牛津英语词典》可能收录‘土豪’(Tuhao)等中文词”这类新闻自得:“中国贡献的英语单词,正不知不觉、越来越多地融入了国际生活的方方面面……从深层次看……反映了中国正在融入全球化进程。
”现在像“Guanxi”、“Chengguan”这种“中国特色”的中文音译词语经常出现英文读物中。
这些词源于中国没错,却不见得可以自豪。
“Guanxi”:被收入牛津词典的最出名中文音译词.被收入牛津词典的中文音译词,最出名的就是“Guanxi”。
《牛津英语词典》对此的释义是:“源于中国普通话,字面上理解和‘联系’是一个意思,特指在中国有助于商业活动和其他交易的社交网络系统、有影响力的人际关系。
”2013年美国《大西洋月刊》的一篇文章《摩根大通在中国:为何‘照常营业’越来越难》对“Guanxi”这个字在英语语境中的含义做了更明白的解读:“每个去中国的外国人到中国后不久,都会学到一个神奇的单词:‘Guanxi’。
这是这个13亿人的国家中必要的东西。
有了‘Guanxi’,就能意味着得到一份工作、进入不错的学校、或帮助新企业避免不必要的政府关注。
‘拉拉’‘Guanxi’,就能快速而不费事地解决棘手的问题。
”Chengguan”:源于媒体对“中国市政准警察力量”的报道.Chengguan”这一单词,源于英文媒体报道中国城管时无法找到对应的英文单词,只能音译。
2013年7月《大西洋月刊》介绍中国“城管”制度的文章题目便是《见过“Chengguan”:中国受憎恨的、暴虐的地方警察》,其中对“Chengguan”的介绍是:“作为在中国最被广泛厌恶的市政警察,从常规警察部门中分离出来的‘Chengguan’负责管理城市生活中最卑下的一部分……虽然每个社会都有警察滥用暴力,但‘Chengguan’的残暴是中国独有的。
”2013年8月《华尔街日报》以《中国城市准警察的定时炸弹》一文来介绍“城管”制度:“‘Chengguan’是中国城市政府组织、雇佣的辅助性准警察力量,负责管理各种市政问题。
中国特色语言词组的英语对应翻译
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中国特色语言词组对应翻译按照客观规律和科学规律办事act in compliance with objective and scientific laws八个坚持、八个反对eight do’s and eight don’ts八项主张eight-point proposal保持昂扬向上的精神状态be filled with an enterprising spirit保证中央的政令畅通ensure the Central Committee’s decisions are carried out without fail标本兼治address both the symptoms and root causes不确定因素uncertainties参政议政participation in and deliberation of state affairs长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, treating each other with all sincerity and sharing weal and woe长治久安maintain prolonged stability长治久安maintain prolonged stability崇尚科学respect and promote science传播先进文化spread advanced culture传统安全威胁traditional threats to security从严治军the army must be strict with itself党的领导方式the Party’s style of leadership党的民族政策the Party’s policy toward ethnic minorities党的侨务政策the Party’s policy toward overseas Chinese affairs党的宗教信仰自由政策the Party’s policy toward the freedom of religious belief党风廉政建设责任制responsibility system for improving the Party’s work style and building clean government党内情况通报制度、情况反映制度和重大决策征求意见制度inner-Party information sharing and reporting systems and the system of soliciting opinions concerning major policy decisions党要管党、从严治党the Party exercises self-discipline and is strict with its members党员管理工作management of Party membership党政机关Party and government organs党政领导干部职务任期制、辞职制和用人失察失误责任追究制the system of fixed tenures, the system of resignation and the system of accountability for neglect of supervisory duty or the use of the wrong person with regard to leading cadres of the Party and government党总揽全局、协调各方的原则principle that the Party commands the overall situation and coordinates the efforts of all quarters电子政务e-government独立负责、步调一致地开展工作assume one’s responsibilities independently and make concerted efforts in one’s work独立公正地行使审判权和检察权exercise adjudicative and procuratorial powers independently and impartially多重多头执法duplicate law enforcement多重多头执法duplicate law enforcement发展民主团结、生动活泼、安定和谐的政治局面develop the political situation characterized by democracy, solidarity, liveliness, stability and harmony发展平等团结互助的社会主义民族关系enhance socialist ethnic relations of equality, solidarity and mutual assistance法定职能legal functions法律援助legal aid法制观念awareness of law反腐败领导体制leadership system against corruption防卫作战能力defense capabilities非传统安全威胁non-traditional threats to security丰富民主形式develop diverse forms of democracy干部人事制度cadre and personnel system干部双重管理体制system of dual control over cadres高知识群体prominent intellectuals公共事务public affairs公务员制度system of public servants公益事业programs for public good公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序a new international political and economic order that is fair and rational公正司法judicial justice共产党执政共同利益的汇合点converging points of common interests管理有序、文明祥和的新型社区new-type and well-managed communities featuring civility and harmony广纳群贤gather large numbers of talented people国防动员体制mobilization system for national defense国防科技工业体制改革restructuring of defense-related science, technology and industry国际关系民主化promote democracy in international relations国家要统一,民族要复兴China will be reunified, and the Chinese nation will be rejuvenated国家意志will of the state合理配置教育资源allocate education resources rationally弘扬科学精神promote the scientific spirit弘扬主旋律highlight the themes of the times互联网站Internet website基本行为准则basic code of conduct基层自治组织grassroots self-governing organizations基础性工作groundwork积极防御的军事战略方针military strategic principle of active defense加大治本的力度devote greater efforts to tackling root causes加强法制宣传教育give more publicity to the legal system加强立法工作strengthen legislation加强文化法制建设build up a legal system concerning culture加强制度建设concentrate on institutional improvement驾驭市场经济的能力abilities of keeping the market economy well in hand坚持打防结合、预防为主combine punishment and prevention, with emphasis on the latter坚持有法可依、有法必依、执法必严、违法必纠see to it that there are laws to go by, the laws are observed and strictly enforced, and law-breakers are prosecuted坚持正确导向give correct guidance to the public坚决维护中央权威safeguard the authority of the Central Committee教育创新innovation in education教育改革reform of education结构合理、配置科学、程序严密、制约有效的权力运行机制mechanism for the exercise of power featuring reasonable structure, scientific distribution, rigorous procedures and effective restraint进行和平统一谈判hold negotiations on peaceful reunification进行理论思维和战略思维think on a theoretical plane and in a strategic perspective精简、统一、效能的原则principle of simplification, uniformity and efficiency决策的论证制和责任制verification system and responsibility system in making policy decisions 决策机关decision-making organs军事法规体系system of military rules and regulations军政军民团结solidarity between the army and the government and between the army and the people开展对话conduct dialogue科技练兵science- and technology-related military training科技强军build a strong army through science and technology跨越式发展leapfrog development扩大公民有序的政治参与expand citizens’ participation in political affairs in an orderly way老少边穷地区old revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited by ethnic minorities, remote areas, and impoverished areas立党为公、执政为民the Party is built for the public and it exercises state power for the people 领导干部述职述廉制度system under which leading cadres report on their work and their efforts to perform their duties honestly面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来的,民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化national, scientific and popular socialist culture geared to the needs of modernization, of the world and of the future 民主管理制度democratic management system民主集中制是民主基础上的集中和集中指导下的民主相结合的制度democratic centralism is a system that integrates centralism on the basis of democracy with democracy under centralized guidance民主监督democratic supervision民族精神national spirit切身利益immediate interests勤俭建军build the army through diligence and thrift求真务实、开拓进取的精神truth-seeking and pioneering spirit趋利避害draw on the advantages and avoid disadvantages全民健身运动nationwide fitness campaign权责明确、相互配合、相互制约、高效运行的司法体制judicial system featuring clearly specified powers and responsibilities, mutual coordination and restraint and highly efficient operation群众性精神文明创建活动popular participation in building spiritual civilization人才合理流动rational flow of trained people人财物管理体制management system of human, financial and material resources人事分类管理制度system of classified management of cadres and personnel“三个代表”重要思想the important thought of Three Represents三军一体、军民兼容、平战结合的联勤保障体制integrated logistic support system for the three armed services, for both military and civilian purposes and for both peacetime and wartime社会公示制度a system of keeping the public informed社会力量办学nongovernmental sectors run schools社会听证制度a system of public hearings社会治安综合治理take comprehensive measures to maintain law and order社会中介组织intermediaries社会主义民主政治socialist democracy社情民意反映制度 a system of reporting social conditions and public opinion深入了解民情、充分反映民意、广泛集中民智、切实珍惜民力go deep among the people and get to know how they are faring, reflect their will, pool their wisdom and value their resources师德(teachers’) professional ethics实现公平和正义guarantee fairness and justice实现机构和编制的法定化delimit the structures and sizes statutorily实现社会主义民主政治的制度化、规范化和程序化ensure that socialist democracy is institutionalized and standardized and has its procedures实行民主监督exercise democratic supervision世界是丰富多彩的Ours is a colorful world事业单位管理体制management system of institutions树立互信、互利、平等和协作的新安全观foster a new security concept featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观foster correct world outlook, views on life and values司法机关judicial organs司法审判和检察同司法行政事务相分离separate judicial adjudication and procuratorial work from administrative affairs司法体制改革reform of the judicial system思想道德体系ideological and ethical system思想政治建设ideological and political development素质教育quality-oriented education提倡多样化encourage diversity提高党的领导水平和执政水平enhance the Party’s art of leadership and governance提高科学判断形势的能力improve one’s ability of sizing up the situation in a scientific way提高立法质量improve the quality of legislation提高全民法律素质people are better educated in law提高全民健康水平improve the physique of the entire people提高执法水平raise the level of law enforcement提高总揽全局的能力enhance one’s ability of commanding the whole situation团结就是力量solidarity means strength团结就是胜利solidarity means victory推进决策科学化民主化put decision-making on a more scientific and democratic basis完善城市居民自治improve self-governance among urban residents完善村民自治improve self-governance among villagers完善干部职务和职级相结合的制度improve the system of giving cadres both positions and ranks完善公开办事制度improve the system of keeping the public informed of matters being handled 维护法制的统一和尊严safeguard the uniformity and sanctity of the legal system维护国家统一、民族团结safeguard national unity and ethnic solidarity维护司法公正safeguard judicial justice围绕中心、服务大局focus on the central task and serve the overall interests伪科学pseudo-science文化产业cultural industry文化产业政策policies toward the cultural industry文化创新cultural innovation文化公益事业public cultural undertakings文化建设cultural development文化市场体系system of markets for cultural products文化事业cultural undertakings文化体制改革cultural restructuring文化与经济和政治相互交融culture is interactive with economic and political activities1.建设节约型社会to build a conservation-conscious society2.发展循环经济to develop a circular economy3.以资源的高效和循环利用,促进经济、社会的可持续发展to promote sustainable economic and social development through efficient use and reuse of resources4.坚持资源开发与节约并重,把节约放在首位的方针to uphold the policy of emphasizing the equal importance of both the exploitation and conservation of resources, giving added weight to the latter5.全面推进资源节约和综合利用to push ahead with a nationwide campaign of economizing on and making comprehensive use of resources6.加大对资源节约和循环利用关键技术的攻关力度to make greater efforts to develop critical technology for the purpose of conservation and recycle of resources7.完善有利于节约资源的财税政策to further improve the financial and taxation policies so as to encourage resource conservation 8.发展节能型交通运输工具to develop a new generation of energy-efficient means of transportation9.开发利用可再生能源to exploit and utilize renewable energy resources10.加快节能技术服务体系建设to speed up the establishment of technical service systems for more efficient use of energy resources1.再生资源的回收利用recyclable use of renewable resources2.第六届亚欧财长会议The Sixth Asia-Europe Finance Ministers’ Meeting3.亚欧新型全面伙伴关系a new type of comprehensive Asia-Europe partnership4.采取负责任的宏观经济政策to adopt a macro-economic policy in a responsible manner5.保持主要储备货币间的币值稳定to maintain stability among major reserve currencies6.深化财政和金融实质性合作to enhance substantive cooperation in the fiscal and financial sector7.经济运行中突出问题the glaring problems in the economic operation8.相知无远近,万里尚为邻Long distances cannot separate true friends sharing one heart; they can be like close neighbors even thousands of miles apart.9.建立应对经济和金融突发事件的紧急对话机制to establish a dialogue mechanism in response to economic and financial eventualities1.红色旅游red tourism2.红色旅游区red tourist destinations (sites/spots)related to the history of CPCtourist destinations (sites/spots) of revolutionary traditional interests3.红色旅游精品路线choice (recommended/highlight) tours of revolutionary heritage (tradition)4.从善如流to readily follow good adviceto do good naturally and happilyto follow good advice as naturally as a river follows its courseto take advice with a receptive mindto be open-minded to somethingto be open to advice and criticismto readily follow what is right5.仁至义尽to exercise (show) the utmost restraint/forbearance6.台湾问题不能出事things must be kept within bounds as far as the Taiwan question is concernedthe Taiwan question should not (be allowed to) get out of control7.拉美国下水to drag the US into troubled waters (the mire)to make the US hostage to the … issue8.自欺欺人deceive oneself as well as othersself-deception9.顺民意,合民情accord with the popular will and sentiments10.普遍认为法律条文比较平和,宽松(反分裂国家法)The wording of the law is generally considered to be fairly moderate and tolerate in tone 11.(客远包机)节日化to make charter flights available on festival basisto make charter flights available for traditional festivals1.全国人大高票通过《反分裂国家法》(实际上没有反对票)。
中国时政词汇汉法对译
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1. ⼈才强国战略全⾯实施 mise en œuvre de la stratégie de renouveau / de redressement national / de la nation grâce àl’émergence de talents / par la valorisation des resources humaines2. 中国科学院知识创新⼯程 Programme d’innovation des connaissances de l’Académie des Sciences de Chine (CAS); Programme de création des connaissances de la CAS; Programme CAS de création des connaissances3. 国家知识创新⼯程试点 expérience pilote pour l’application du Programme national d’innovation des connaissances / du savoir4. 跨学科或跨地域的知识创新基地 Centres interrégionaux ou interdisciplinaires d’innovation des connaissances5. 建设国家创新体系 perfectionnement / développement du système d’Innovation d’Etat6. 按需设岗、按岗聘任、择优上岗、开放竞争 création de postes (de travail) selon le besoin, engagement du personnel selon les postes établis et admission des meilleurs candidats par une compétition ouverte tous7. “基本⼯资、岗位津贴、绩效奖励”三元结构分配制度 système de(s) salaires / système de rémunération / régime de traitements trois composantes: salaire de base, allocations de fonction / de poste et prime de rendement / d’efficacité8. ⾯向21世纪教育振兴⾏动计划 Plan d’action pour le redressement de l’éducation tournée vers le 21e siècle9. 跨世纪素质教育⼯程 Programme de formation (des citoyens) tourné vers le 21e siècle10. ⾼层次创造性⼈才⼯程 Programme de formation des talents innovants de haut niveau / des talents innovateurs de haut niveau / des talents créateurs hautement compétents11. 跨世纪百万千⼈才⼯程 Programme « Baiwanqian » de formation pour le 21e siècle des talents trois niveaux, savoir: des centaines de grands savants de renommée mondiale, des milliers de chercheurs leaders et des dizaines de milliers de jeunes scientifiques12. 科技企业孵化器 incubateur / pépinière d’entreprises scientifiques et techniques / de haute technologie13. 留学⼈员创业园 zone pour la création d’entreprises par les étudiants chinois formés l’étranger; technopôle réservé aux étudiants chinois formés l’étranger14. ⼤学科技园 Technopôle universitaire15. 长江学者奖励计划 Programme Yangtsé pour récompenser des hommes de science de grand mérite; Programme Yangtsé de récompense des savants émérites16. 中国科学院百⼈计划 Programme CAS de formation des cent scientifiques de haute compétence17. 优秀⼈才脱颖⽽出、⼈尽其才的有效机制 mécanisme favorisant l’émergence / l’éclosion de talents brillants / prometteurs et permettant chacun de donner le meilleur de lui-même / de donner toute sa mesure18. 科学化、规范化、制度化的机制 mécanisme scientifique, normalisé et institutionnalisé19. 中国科学院及省部级成果奖 Prix CAS d’innovation scientifique et technologique et prix scientifiques aux niveaux provinciaux et ministériels20. 中国科学院杰出科技成就奖 Prix CAS des grandes innovations scientifiques et techniques。
中国特色政治词汇中英翻译
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CHINA’S POLITICS中国特色政治词汇“一国两制”“One Country, Two Systems”“一中一台”"One China, One Taiwan"“两个中国”"Two Chinas"(两岸)直接三通Three Direct Links (Mail, Air And Shipping Services And Trade) 两千三百万台湾同胞23 Million Taiwan Compatriots两会(人大,政协) Two Conferences (Npc And Cppcc)“三个代表”“Three Represents”“三个代表”重要思想The Important Thought Of Three Represents三八红旗手Woman Pace-Setter三大历史任务The Three Major Historical Tasks三个有利于Three Favorables三农问题“ Agriculture, Countryside And Farmer” Issues《中美三个联合公报》The Three Sino-Us Joint Communiqués四个现代化(农、工、国防、科技)Four Modernizations四项基本原则Four Cardinal Principles四中全会The Fourth Plenary Session和平共处五项原则The Five Principles Of Peaceful Coexistence八项主张The Eight-Point Proposal“八个坚持、八个反对”"Eight Do's" And "Eight Don'ts"“八七”扶贫攻坚计划The Seven-Year Program To Help 80 Million People Out Of Poverty “九五”计划The Ninth Five-Year Plan (1996-2000)“十五”计划The Tenth Five-Year Plan (2001-2005)第十五届中央委员会the 15th central committee of the communist party of china (CPC)十六大16th Party Congress十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session Of The Eleventh Central Committee “南南合作”“South -South Cooperation”“南北对话”“ North-South Dialog”“台独”, 台湾独立"Taiwan Independence"“引进来”和“走出去”政策“Bring In" And "Going Out"爱国民主人士patriotic democratic personages爱国统一战线patriotic united front爱国主义精神patriotism安居乐业live and work in peace and contentment昂扬向上的精神状态an enterprising spirit澳门Macao澳门特别行政区同胞our compatriots in the Macao SAR霸权主义hegemonism百花齐放a hundred flowers blossom百家争鸣a hundred schools of thought contend边疆稳定the stability in border areas人大常委会the standing committees边远地区remote areas波澜壮阔a magnificent upsurge博大精深extensive and profound1不变质never degenerating不断提高人民生活水平constantly better people's lives不公正不合理unfair and irrational不合时宜的观念的束缚shackles of the outdated notions不竭动力an inexhaustible motive force不可战胜invincible不可阻挡的历史潮流an irresistible trend of history不迷失方向lose our bearings不平衡uneven不平坦的道路a tortuous course不全面的not all-inclusive采取果断措施take resolute measures参政议政participation in and deliberation of state affairs长期共存long-term coexistence长期社会安定团结long-term social stability and solidarity长治久安long-term peace and order朝气蓬勃、奋发有为的领导层energetic and promising leadership诚实守信honesty充分调动和凝聚fully mobilize and rally初步建立take shape initially传统安全威胁traditional threats to security创造力、凝聚力和战斗力creativity, cohesion and fighting capacity 辞职制system of resignation从我国国情出发proceed from our national conditions促进共同发展promote common development促进社会全面进步promote all-round social progress担当重任assuming heavy responsibilities当代the contemporary era当家作主masters of the country当家作主的愿望the wish to be the masters of our country党代会congress of party representatives党的骨干力量backbone of the party党的基本理论、路线和纲领the party's basic theory, line and program 党的建设party building党的先进性party's progressiveness党和国家前途命运the destiny of the party and state党和国家事业the cause of the party and state邓小平理论Deng Xiaoping theory邓小平同志逝世the demise of comrade Deng Xiaoping第六位the sixth place第一生产力the primary productive force电子政务E-government调动积极性mobilize the initiative2对等的政治实体equal political entities对马克思主义的错误的和教条式的理解erroneous and dogmatic interpretations of Marxism 多层次multi-tiered多党合作multiparty cooperation多元化diversify多元社会pluralistic society多种力量diverse forces多重多头执法duplicate law enforcement法制观念awareness of law法制国家a country with an adequate legal system法治国家a country under the rule of law繁荣、稳定和发展prosperity, stability and development反对“台独” fight against "Taiwan Independence"反对分裂oppose separation反腐倡廉combat corruption and build a clean government防止guard against非传统安全威胁non-traditional threats to security分裂活动splitting activities奋斗目标和任务the objectives and tasks丰富民主形式develop diverse forms of democracy风浪,考验trials and tribulations服务大局serve the overall interests富强民主文明a strong, prosperous, democratic and culturally advanced腹地hinterland改革发展稳定reform, development and stability改革开放reform and opening-up肝胆相照treating each other with all sincerity高度团结统一the high degree of unity and solidarity高度自治a high degree of autonomy高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping theory高尚的品格lofty character高素质的领导干部队伍high-caliber leading cadres搁置某些政治争议shelve certain political disputes革命化more revolutionary革命老区old revolutionary base areas各地各部门all localities and departments各界爱国人士patriots from all walks of life各界人士personages of all circles各尽其能、各得其所又和谐相处well positioned, do their best and live in harmony各民主党派the democratic parties各人民团体people's organizations各种分裂图谋attempts to split the country根本利益fundamental interests3工人,农民workers and farmers工人阶级队伍the working class in china工商联federations of industry公民权利、自由civil rights / civil liberties公民政治参与citizens' participation in political affairs公民职责civic duty公平和正义fairness and justice公务员civil servants公务员制度system of public servants公正透明fairness and transparency公职人员the public servants巩固和提高to consolidate and uplift顾全大局bear in mind the overall interests官僚主义作风the bureaucratic style of work贯彻implement光辉史册的一页a glorious page in the annals光明和进步brightness and progress光荣的爱国主义传统a glorious patriotic tradition广阔的发展空间broad space for development广纳群贤gather large numbers of talented people国防national defense国防实力national defense capabilities国际局势风云变幻a highly volatile international situation国际性组织international organizations国家的主权和安全state sovereignty and security国家关系state-to-state relations国人民的共同愿望common aspirations of all peoples国土资源综合整治comprehensive improvement of land and resources 国务院State Council过渡期transition, transitional period捍卫safeguard和平,正义,进步peace, justice and progress和平统一peaceful reunification和平统一谈判negotiations on peaceful reunification和平与发展peace and development和谐并存harmonious coexistence很不平凡的历程an extraordinary course弘扬carry forward弘扬和培育民族精神carry forward and cultivate the national spirit弘扬时代主旋律highlight the themes of the times化解歧见iron out differences恢复两岸对话resume the cross-straits dialogue积极性和创造性initiative and creativity4基本行为准则basic code of conduct基层民主democracy at the grassroots level基础设施工程infrastructure projects激励和保障机制an incentive and guarantee mechanism集体主义collectivism集中智慧和力量pool the wisdom and strength计划生育family planning计划生育基本国策the basic state policies of family planning继往开来carry forward our cause into the future加快推进社会主义现代化speed up socialist modernization加强和改进党的作风建设the improvement of the party's work style加入世贸accession /entrance / entry to WTO家庭联产承包责任制the household contract responsibility system坚持统一persist in reunification坚定不移no wavering坚定地站(在)stand firm坚强柱石a staunch pillar简政放权streamline administration and delegate power建设(资源)节约型社会build a conservation-minded society讲求实效pursuing practical results降低农业税税率reduce agricultural tax rate接续产业alternative industries解放思想emancipating the mind解决台湾问题settlement of the question of Taiwan解决香港问题和澳门问题resolve the questions of Hong Kong and Macao 戒急用忍overcome impetuosity and exercise patience紧密团结在党中央周围rally closely around the party central committee 经受withstand精神文明建设spiritual civilization精神支撑moral kingpin井然有序in an orderly way/ fashion居安思危stay prepared against adversities in times of peace居民生活质量quality of life of the residents居委会neighborhood committee巨大的优越性great superiority决策的随意性arbitrary decision-making决策机制decision-making mechanism军队建设army building军队现代化modernization of the army军民团结solidarity between the army and the people军人和干部servicemen and cadres军政团结solidarity between the army and the government开创新局面create a new situation5开发式扶贫development-oriented poverty relief开局良好a good start开拓创新blazing new trails in a pioneering spirit开展对话to conduct dialogue抗风险能力vigilance against risks科教兴国national rejuvenation through science and education 可持续发展sustainable development克服不利影响overcame the adverse effects空前巨大的困难和压力unprecedented difficulties and pressure 恐怖主义危害scourge of terrorism宽领域wide-ranging困难群众people in straitened circumstances扩大交流交往expand mutual contacts and exchanges来之不易的成绩hard-won achievements老工业基地old industrial bases老三届junior and senior high school graduates of 1966~1968 理论创新theoretical innovation力量force力量之源the source of its (the party’s) strength历史性跨越a historic leap历史性突破historic breakthrough立党之本the foundation for building our party连续性和稳定性consistency and stability廉洁高效honesty and high efficiency廉政建设build a clean and honest government粮食流通体制grain distribution system两岸关系cross-straits relations两岸谈判cross-straits negotiations领导方式和执政方式way of leadership and governance领土完整territorial integrity路线the line落后于时代fall behind the times马克思列宁主义Marxism Leninism马克思主义基本原理the basic tenets of Marxism马克思主义执政党a Marxist ruling party毛泽东思想Mao Zedong thought迷信superstition民兵the militia民进党Democratic Progressive Party民生people's livelihood民主法制democracy and the legal system民主管理democratic management民主集中制democratic centralism6民主监督democratic supervision民主监督democratic supervision民主决策democratic decision-making民主团结、生动活泼、安定和谐democracy, solidarity, liveliness, stability and harmony 民主选举democratic elections民主制度the systems of democracy民族、宗教事务ethnic, religious affairs民族的生命力、创造力和凝聚力vitality, creativity and cohesion of a nation民族进步the progress of a nation民族精神national spirit民族矛盾ethnic contradictions民族凝聚力the cohesion of the nation民族区域自治regional autonomy of ethnic minorities民族区域自治制度system of regional ethnic autonomy民族委员会ethnic affairs commission民族文化大省a province with rich ethnic culture民族优越感ethnocentrism模糊战略indistinct strategy睦邻友好good-neighborly relationship内政外交国防domestic and foreign affairs and national defense能上能下prepared for both promotion and demotion农村扶贫开发to alleviate rural poverty through development农村税费改革reform of rural taxes and administrative charges农业、农村和农民问题problems facing agriculture, rural areas and farmers农业和农村工作agriculture and rural work农业基础地位agriculture as the foundation of the economy弄虚作假falsification培养人才personnel training贫困群众people in financial difficulties平稳过渡the smooth transition of power铺张浪费extravagance and waste普选制general election system前提prerequisite欠发达地区less developed areas强化功能intensify functions强强联手i win -win co-operation强权政治power politics侨胞overseas Chinese侨务工作overseas Chinese affairs切积极因素all positive factors勤劳勇敢industry and courage求同存异seek common ground while shelving differences区域性组织regional organizations7曲折的道路tortuous road取长补短draw upon one another's strong points取得丰硕成果yield substantial results取得了巨大成就scored tremendous achievements取消农业特产税repeal taxes on special agricultural products全党all the party members; whole party全党集体智慧的结晶the crystallization of the party's collective wisdom全方位all-dimensional全国各族人民the Chinese people of all nationalities; people of all ethnic groups of the country全国人大代表deputy to the National People's Congress全国政协the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference全会plenary sessions全面建设小康社会build a well-off society in an all-round way; building a moderately prosperous society in all respects全面展开in full swing权责脱节divorce between powers and responsibilities群众the general public人大People's Congresses人大代表NPC member人大精神the spirit of the congress人尽其才put sb. to the best use人力资源优势得到充分发挥a full display of advantages in human resources人民的物质文化需要material and cultural needs of the people人民民主专政the people's democratic dictatorship人民生活更加殷实upgrade the texture of life for the people人民团体mass organizations人民政协the Chinese people's political consultative conference (CPPCC)人心向背the trend of popular sentiment人员往来personnel exchanges人员臃肿overstaffing任期制system of fixed tenures日益增长ever-growing荣辱与共sharing weal and woe三权分立separation of the executive, legislative and judicial powers少数民族ethnic minorities少数民族聚居区areas inhabited by ethnic minorities社会保障体系social security system社会保障体系比较健全a fairly sound social security system社会各方面all quarters of the society社会各阶层人们the people of all social strata社会管理social administration社会科学social sciences社会可承受的程度the sustainability of the general public社会其他阶层人们members of other social strata社会治安public order社会主义初级阶段the primary stage of Socialism社会主义法制Socialist legal system社会主义民主政治Socialist democracy社会主义事业Socialist cause8深刻阐述,详细说明expound审视自己self-examination生存和发展survival and development生活方式,生活作风life style胜利前进forge ahead triumphantly省、市(地)两级地方政府the provincial and municipal (prefectural) governments十五计划《纲要》outline for the tenth five-year时代潮流的前头forefront of the times时代的主题themes of our era实事求是seek truth from facts实现推进现代化建设to propel the modernization drive始终贯彻persistent implementation世界观world outlook事业undertakings事业兴衰the success of our cause适时适度at the proper time and to an appropriate degree手足兄弟brothers and sisters of the same blood顺应时代潮流conform to the trend of the times思想道德建设ideological and moral education诉讼程序judicial proceedings台湾当局the Taiwan authorities台湾分裂势力Taiwan separatist forces台湾海峡Taiwan straits台湾同胞Taiwan compatriots台湾问题the Taiwan question贪污腐败corruption提高竞争力sharpen the competitive edge同心同德,艰苦奋斗work hard with one heart and one mind统一、开放、竞争、有序unified, open, competitive and orderly团结和带领unite with and lead (sb.)团结统一unity and solidarity推动社会全面进步speed up all-round social progress推进propel推进西部大开发advance the development of the western region妥善处理各方面的利益关系properly balance the interests of all quarters拓宽领域broaden the fields of endeavor完成祖国统一to achieve national reunification完全地实现祖国的统一the complete realization of the reunification of the motherland完善自己self-improvement万众一心work with one heart and one mind微调fine-tuning违法必究law-breakers must be prosecuted唯一标准the sole criterion维护世界和平与促进共同发展to safeguard world peace and promote common development 卫生体育事业health and sports undertakings温饱工程adequate food and clothing program稳步推进steady progress我国的国际地位china's international standing我国的跨世纪发展china's cross-century development我国综合国力china's overall national strength无党派人士personages without party affiliation9五年内取消农业税rescind agricultural taxes in five years武警the armed police务实pragmatic物质文明和精神文明material and spiritual civilization吸引力和感召力attraction and appeal先发制人战略preemptive strategy先富起来的人们people who have become rich first现代化建设modernization drive宪法the constitution宪法修正案amendments to the Constitution相对优势comparative advantages相辅相成complement each other香港、澳门特别行政区Hong Kong And Macao special administrative regions香港和澳门回归祖国the return of Hong Kong And Macao to the motherland香港特别行政区同胞our compatriots in the Hong Kong SAR消除文盲eliminate illiteracy小康社会a well-off society小康水平a well-off standard新的里程碑a new milestone新民主主义new democracy行使当家作主的权利exercise their rights as the masters of the country行使主权the exercise of sovereignty行政管理体制改革administrative restructuring形成观念foster notions形式主义formalism形势逼人pressing situation宣传舆论工作media and publicity work严重曲折serious setbacks严重政治风波serious political disturbances一个中国原则the one-china principle一贯主张consistent position一起抓place equal emphasis on一些党的领导干部some leading cadres in our party依法治国rule (run) the country by law以德治国rule (run) the country by virtue以爱国主义为核心centering on patriotism以胡锦涛同志为核心的中共中央委员会CCCP with Comrade Hu Jintao at the core意识形态领域realm of ideology迎难而上brave difficulties拥军support the army(拥军) 优属give preferential treatment to the families of servicemen and martyrs 拥政support the government永享太平enjoy a lasting peace10永远不变的军魂the eternal soul of the army用人失察责任追究accountability for neglect of supervisory duty用人失误责任追究accountability for the use of the wrong person优化结构optimize structure优化升级optimize and upgrade有法必依the laws observed有法可依there are laws to go by舆论监督supervisory function of the media与人民群众共命运shares weal and woe with the people与时代发展同步伐advances with the times与时俱进keep pace with the times源远流长with a long h story behind it在曲折中发展developing amidst twists and turns增加了解increase understanding增强忧患意识be mindful of potential danger战略部署strategic plan战略性调整strategic adjustment整顿和规范to be rectified and standardized正规化regularized政府干预government intervention政府机构government organs; government institutions政府特殊津贴special government allowance政府职能government functions政事分开separating the functions of government from those of institutions 政通人和(have) a good government and a united people政协委员会CPPCC committees政治、经济领域the political and economic spheres政治经济旧秩序old political and economic order政治经济新秩序new political and economic order政治局politburo政治局面political situation政治体制political restructuring政治协商political consultation政治协商制度political consultation system支撑kingpin知识分子intellectuals知识化(be ) better educated执法必严the laws strictly enforced执政为民exercise the state power in the interest of the people执政之基the cornerstone for its (the party’s) governance直辖市municipality directly under the Central Government职能交叉overlapping functions指导思想guiding ideology11制定“十五”计划the formulation of the tenth five-year plan (2001-2005)制度创新institutional innovation治党治国治军running the party, state and army智力支持intellectual support中共中央the CPC central committee中共中央委员会CCCP (Central Committee of Communist Party)中国共产党第十六次全国代表大会the sixteenth national congress of the CPC 中国特色社会主义事业Socialism with Chinese characteristics中华儿女all sons and daughters of the Chinese nation中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation中华文明the Chinese civilization中西部地区c entral and western regions中央纪委central commission for discipline inspection of the CPC中央统战部united front work department of CPC central committee中央委员会the central committee中央政府the central government忠诚卫士loyal guards重大历史关头crucial historical juncture重要进展significant headway主观主义和形而上学的桎梏fetters of subjectivism and metaphysics主权和领土完整sovereignty and territorial integrity主要矛盾the principal contradiction专家咨询制度expert consulting system专业化more professionally competent转变步伐the pace of change庄严使命a grand mission资源配置the allocation of resources自强不息ceaseless self-improvement自治self-governance综合国力overall national strength总结自己的实践经验review our experience gained in practice走出一条新路子blazing a new trail走在前列to spearhead组织监督organizational supervision祖国one’s home country; motherland祖国统一national reunification; reunification of the motherland祖国统一大业the great cause of national reunification最广大人民the overwhelming majority of the people最广泛的the broadest possible12。
中国特色及经贸词汇中西对照
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中国特色及经贸词汇中西对照现代化modernización modernizar tr.国际化internacionalización internacionalizar tr.国有化estatalización/nacionalización estatalizar/nacionalizar tr.小康社会una sociedad relativamente próspera小康水平el nivel de prosperidad relativa综合国力energía nacional comprensiva进口总额el volumen total de importación y exportación(平均)经济增长率tasa de crecimiento económico media进出口国家país importador y exportador经济过热supercalentamiento de la economía产业间贸易comercio intraindustrial企业内部贸易comercio intrafirma制成品productos terminados/acabados半制成品productos semiterminados/semielaborados/semiacabados不对称asimetría总部Cuartel General联合国贸发会Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre Comercio y Desarrollo物流logística沿海地区zona costera/litoral改革开放la Reforma y Apertura次贷危机la Crisis Subprime央行Banco Central非金融的no financiero人均收入renta per cápita中国在世界经济舞台的崛起la aparición de China en el escenario económico mundial 中国特色的社会主义el socialismo con particularidades chinas人均国内生产总值produto interior bruto per cápita中等发达国家países de desarrollo medio对外贸易总额volumen total del comercio exterior和平共处五项原则los cincos principios de Coexistencia Pacífica 东亚病夫el enfermo de Asia Oriental裹小脚con pies envueltos电信comunicación electrónica/telecomunicación电力poder eléctrico天然气gas natural原油petróleo crudo钢铁工业siderurgia siderúrgico adj.合法权益derechos legales政局稳定estabilidad del sistema político政策稳定estabilidad de políticas烽火台(长城)atalaya人大常委会Comité Permanente de la Asamblea Popular Nacional 中国共产党el partido comunista de China社会主义建设la construcción socialista共同努力esfuerzos conjuntos团结solidaridad solidario adj.领土完整integridad territorial统一unificación集体colectividad colectivo adj.方针orientación/línea política动力impulso/fuerza motriz长治久安estabilidad política duradera推动impulsar/empujar增强reforzar/fortalecer促进fomentar/promover全方位、多层次、宽领域onmidireccional, mulitfacético y de multiples niveles (de las r elaciones entre ambas partes)保持经济的持续稳定增长sostener un crecimiento económico sostenible, estable y rigo roso劳动力和资本资源的位移transferencia de manos de obra y de capitales实施紧急救援方案aplicar el programa de rescate de emergencia初级产品价格的下行趋势la tendencia decreciente/en descenso/a la baja de los produ ctos primarios放松对金融市场和资本流动的管制disregulación del mercado financier y del movimient o de capitals资本流量flujos de capitales联合国千年宣言la Declaración del Milenio de la ONU积极吸收外国直接投资absorber activamente la inversión directa extranjera跨国公司主导的全球价值链cadena de valor global dominada por las empresas transn acionales偿还债务的本金和利息desembolso del princial e interés拉美地区的自然资源禀赋dotación de recursos naturales de América Latina企业、国家和地区结构的差异heterogeneidad estructural entre empresas, países y reg iones国际收支经常项目的恶化deterioro en la cuenta corriente de la balanza de pagos汇率上升的趋势tendencia a la revaluación del tipo de cambio最易受金融危机影响的经济体economías más expuestas a la crisis fianciera墨西哥出口加工生产活动activdades de maquila para exportaciones mexicanas最惠国待遇规则normas de trato de nación más favorecida减免税收三年reducciones y franquicias tributarias por tres años夕阳产品productos de bajo dinamismo优先发展高附加值的产品生产privilegiar la fabricacción de productos de alto contenid o de valor añadido本地生产与国际生产体系接轨incorporación de procesos locales a sistemas internacion ales de producción双边贸易下滑El comercio bilateral ha disminuido/bajado. 保护主义proteccionismo。
中国特色词汇翻译
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中国特色词汇翻译一、中国朝代的那些事儿中华文明Chinesecivilization文明摇篮cradleofcivilization华夏祖先theChineseancestors秦始皇帝FirstEmperor,EmperorChin皇太后EmpressDowager汉高祖刘邦founderoftheHanDynasty(206BC-220AD)成吉思汗GenghisKhan;Temujin夏朝XiaDynasty明清两代(of)MingandQingdynasties朝廷使者royalcourtenvoy二、中国那些易错的地名四川Sichuan,Szechwan,Szechuan陝西Shaanxi这两个地名是经常弄错的呦,而且写法也不同于拼音哦,请注意!三、四大发明的英文说法四大发明thefourgreatinventionsofancientChina火药gunpowder印刷术printing造纸术paper-making汉字Chinesecharacter单音节singlesyllable汉语四声调thefourtonesofChinesecharacters 阳平leveltone阴平risingtone上声falling-risingtone去声fallingtone五言绝句five-characterquatrain七言律诗seven-characteroctave八股文eight-partessay;stereotypedwriting 五、课本中的四书五经你忘了嘛?四书五经TheFourBooksandTheFiveClassics1、四书theFourBooks《大学》TheGreatLearning《中庸》TheDoctrineoftheMean《论语》TheAnalectsofConfucius《孟子》TheMencius/TheWorksofMencius2、五经TheFiveClassics《春秋》theSpringandAutumnAnnals《诗经》TheBooksofSongs;TheBookofOdes《易经》(《周易》)IChing;TheBookofChanges《礼记》TheBookofRites《尚书》(《书经》)TheBooksofHistory六、假期霸屏的那些中国四大名著《三国演义》ThreeKingdoms《西游记》JourneytotheWest;PilgrimagetotheWest《水浒传》HeroesoftheMarshes;TalesoftheWaterMargin《红楼梦》DreamoftheRedMansions七、那些我们耳熟能详的经典作品《史记》HistoricalRecords《资治通鉴》HistoryasaMirror;ComprehensiveHistoryRetoldasaMirrorforRulers 《孙子兵法》TheArtofWar《三字经》TheThree-CharacterScripture;TheThree-WordChant 《西厢记》TheRomanceofWestChamber《聊斋志异》StrangeTalesofaLonelyStudio;StrangeTalesfromMake-DoStudio。
中国特色词汇中英对照
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1.元宵节:Lantern Festival2.刺绣:embroidery3.重阳节:Double-Ninth Festival4.清明节:Tomb sweeping day5.剪纸:Paper Cutting6.书法:Calligraphy7.对联:(Spring Festival) Couplets8.象形文字:Pictograms/Pictographic Characters9.人才流动:Brain Drain/Brain Flow10.四合院:Siheyuan/Quadrangle11.战国:Warring States12.风水:Fengshui/Geomantic Omen13.铁饭碗:Iron Bowl14.函授部:The Correspondence Department15.集体舞:Group Dance16.黄土高原:Loess Plateau17.红白喜事:Weddings and Funerals18.中秋节:Mid-Autumn Day19.结婚证:Marriage Certificate20.儒家文化:Confucian Culture21.附属学校:Affiliated school22.古装片:Costume Drama23.武打片:Chinese Swordplay Movie24.元宵:Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup)25.一国两制:One Country, Two Systems26.火锅:Hot Pot27.四人帮:Gang of Four28.《诗经》:The Book of Songs29.素质教育:Essential-qualities-oriented Education30.《史记》:Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian31.大跃进:Great Leap Forward (Movement)32.《西游记》:The Journey to the West33.除夕:Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival34.针灸:Acupuncture35.唐三彩:Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/The Tang Tri-colored pottery36.中国特色的社会主义:Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinesecharacteristics37.偏旁:radical38.孟子:Mencius39.亭/阁:Pavilion/ Attic40.大中型国有企业:Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises41.火药:gunpowder42.农历:Lunar Calendar43.印/玺:Seal/Stamp44.物质精神文明建设:The Construction of Material Civilization and SpiritualCivilization45.京剧:Beijing Opera/Peking Opera46.秦腔:Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera47.太极拳:Tai Chi48.独生子女证:The Certificate of One-child49.天坛:Altar of Heaven in Beijing50.小吃摊:Snack Bar/Snack Stand51.红双喜:Double Happiness52.政治辅导员:Political Counselor/School Counselor53.春卷:Spring Roll(s)54.莲藕:Lotus Root55.追星族:Star Struck56.故宫博物院:The Palace Museum57.相声:Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58.下岗:Lay off/Laid off59.北京烤鸭:Beijing Roast Duck60.高等自学考试:Self-taught Examination of Higher Education61.烟花爆竹:fireworks and firecracker62.敦煌莫高窟:Mogao Caves63.电视小品:TV Sketch/TV Skit64.香港澳门同胞:Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao65.文化大革命:Cultural Revolution66.长江中下游地区:The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River67.门当户对:Perfect Match/Exact Match68.《水浒》:Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh69.中外合资企业:Joint Ventures70.文房四宝(笔墨纸砚):"The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush, Inkstick, Paper,and Inkstone",。
中国传统文化特色词语汉维翻译
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中国传统文化特色词语汉维翻译中文是中华民族的语言,具有悠久的历史和丰富的文化内涵。
中国传统文化特色词语是反映中国独特文化的重要组成部分,它们承载着丰富的意义和价值观。
以下是一些常见的中国传统文化特色词语的汉维翻译。
1. 仁(rén):仁是中国传统文化中的核心概念之一,代表着人道主义、善良、关爱他人的道德理念。
2. 礼(li):礼是指人们在社会交往中应遵循的行为准则,包括尊重、谦虚、恭敬等。
3. 忠诚(zhoțn'kun'):忠诚是指对国家、家庭、朋友等的忠贞不渝的态度和行为,代表着忠诚精神和品德。
4. 和谐(héxié):和谐是指人与人之间、人与自然之间的和谐相处和平衡发展,体现了中国传统文化中追求和平与稳定的价值观和理念。
5. 儒学(rúxué):儒学是中国传统文化中的经典之一,强调个人修养、敬天爱人、尊重礼仪等。
6. 道德(dàodé):道德是人们理解善恶、评判行为的准则,具有普遍的规范和规定。
7. 琴棋书画(qíngqíshūhuà):琴棋书画是中国传统文化中的四艺之一,分别代表了音乐、棋类游戏、书法和绘画等艺术形式。
8. 文房四宝(wénfángsìbǎo):文房四宝是指中国古代文人学士所使用的四种书写工具,分别指毛笔、宣纸、墨汁和砚台。
9. 元宵节(yuánxiāojié):元宵节是中国传统的节日,通常在农历正月十五,人们会吃元宵、赏灯笼、放烟火等庆祝活动。
10. 四合院(sìhéyuàn):四合院是传统中国建筑形式的一种,由四面围成中心庭院的房屋组成。
11. 中国结(zhōngguójí):中国结是中国传统手工艺品之一,由多种不同颜色的丝线编织而成,代表着吉祥和团结。
12. 诗词(shīcí):诗词是中国传统文学的重要形式,具有优美的韵律和丰富的意象,用来表达思想和情感。
法语中国特色词汇翻译
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1 不正之风pratiques malsaines tendances néfastes2 党内不允许有腐败分子的藏身之地Le Parti ne doit abriter en son sein aucun élément corrompu Aucun élément corrompu ne peut trouver refuge au sein du Parti Le Parti doit purger ses rangs de tous les éléments corrompus chasser / déloger des rangs du Parti les éléments corrompus3 长治久安(assurer une) stabilité durable bonne administration du pays et stabilité durable4 唱响社会主义文化的主旋律promouvoir / propager une culture centrée / fondée sur les grandes valeurs socialistes développer la culture socialiste5 处理好先富与后富、个人富裕与共同富裕的关系harmoniser les rapports entre les premiers enrichis et ceux qui sont en voie de s’enrichir / les premiers riches et ceux qui sont en voie de le devenir, et concilier l’enrichissement individuel et l’enrichissement collectif harmoniser les rapports entre ceux qui sont les premiers à s’enrichir et ceux qui se rattraperont plus tard, et concilier l’enrichissement individuel etl’enrichissement collectif6 毛泽东思想pensée (de) Mao Zedong7 邓小平理论théorie (de) Deng Xiaoping8 党管干部的原则principe du contrôle de la gestion de l’ensemble du personnel par le Parti9 荡涤旧社会留下来的和国外渗透来的腐朽没落的旧文化éliminer de la culture chinoise les facteurs de décadence provenant du passéou de l’étranger éliminer ce qu’il y a de pourri et de décadent dans la culture traditionnelle et étrangère10 德才兼备的原则principe dit « être politiquement conscient et professionnellement qualifié » principe dit « être vertueux et talentueux »11 亚太领导人非正式会议Réunion des dirigeants des entités économiques de l’APEC12 反腐倡廉lutter contre la corruption et promouvoir / encourager / exalter l’intégrité / la probité lutte anti-corruption13 富民政策politique d’encouragement à l’enrichissement (suivre / appliquer) la politique visant à encourager les Chinois / la population à s’enrichir14 干部能上能下accepter volontiers des fonctions aussi bien à la base qu’au sommet être disposé à travailler à tous les échelons (hiérarchiques) / à n’importe queléchelon hiérarchique être disposé à passer à tous les échelons15 论有中国特色的社会主义Du socialisme à la chinoise16 努力提高对外开放水平(s’efforcer de) mieux appliquer la politique d’ouverture sur l’extérieur élargir l’ouverture17 工人阶级的先锋队détachement d’avant-garde de la classe ouvrière18 坚持党的群众路线,深入群众,深入基层,倾听群众呼声,反映群众意愿,集中群众智慧s’en tenir à la ligne de masse du Parti, aller à la base, se mêler aux masses,être attentif à la voix de / se mettre à l’écoute de celles-ci, refléter leursaspirations et focaliser les rayons de la sagesse collective / faire valoir / concentrer leur sagesse collective (réunir les idées judicieuses)19 坚持人民的利益高于一切placer l’intérêt du peuple au-dessus de tout faire passer les intérêts du peuple avant toute autre préoccupation /considération20 建功立业accomplir des actes méritoires donner le meilleur de soi-même servir le peuple21 “三讲”(讲学习,讲政治,讲正气)« trois impératifs » : application à l’étude, engagement politique et amour de la droiture / triple formation / formation sur trois plans, théorique, politique et moral22 解放被束缚的生产力libérer les forces productives entravées23 精神世界(精神境界)niveau moral conscience droite / intègre /pure élévation d’esprit grandeur d’âme24 居安思危,增强忧患意识rester vigilant en période de paix, savoir se prémunir contre tout risque garder l’esprit vigilant même en temps de paix / quand on se trouve ensécurité penser au pire quand tout va bien C’est lorsque tout va bien qu’il faut penser au pire.25 教育科学文化素质qualité / formation sur les plans éducatif, scientifique et culturel (posséder une) formation solide : bien éduqué, cultivé et au courant des progrès scientifiques26 扩大干部工作中的民主démocratiser la gestion des cadres27 立党为公,执政为民travailler avec abnégation pour de nobles objectifs et être au pouvoir dansl’intérêt du peuple / (le Parti) se mettre au service des intérêts communs etêtre au pouvoir / exercer le pouvoir pour le peuple Notre Parti est toujours au service de l’intérêt / du bien général, et notre gouvernement recherche toujours le bien-être du peuple.28 立党之本,执政之基,力量之源fondement du Parti, assise de son pouvoir et source de sa force29 同……一脉相承venir / provenir en droite ligne de être issu / émaner de30 买办的封建的生产关系rapports de production compradors-féodaux31 经得住权力、金钱、美色的考验résister à la tentation du pouvoir, de l’argent et du ***e32 依法治国和以德治国administrer le pays / gouverner le pays et par la loi et par la vertu combiner le gouvernement du pays selon la loi avec l’administration du pays en insistant sur une noble morale État de droit et État de vertu 33 民族区域自治制度système d’autonomie dans les régions peuplées par des ethnies minoritaires autonomie régionale d’ethnies minoritaires34 努力防止和坚决抵制腐朽文化和各种错误思想观点对人们的侵蚀s’efforcer de prévenir et de combattre la corruption des esprits par la culture décadente et les idées erronées35 全国各族人民peuple chinois multiethnique / pluriethnique différentes ethnies de / qui composent la nation chinoise36 “一边一国”论assertion dite (d’)« un pays de chaque côté »37 取其精华,去其糟粕absorber la quintessence de qqch. et en rejeter la lie38 全面建设小康社会travailler à la réalisation complète d’une société relativement aisée / d’aisance moyenne travailler sur tous les plans à l’édification / la construction d’une société au niveau de vie relativement élevé construire une société capable d’assurer au peuple une vie relativement aisée sur tous les plans faireaccéder, sur tous les plans, notre société à une aisance moyenne39 人才辈出émergence massive de personnes de talent / de personnes hautement qualifiées40 人心向背(évolution de l’)opinion publique sentiments populaires adhésion populaire soutien populaire41 社会经济成分composantes économiques42 生态建设aménagement écologique protection de l’environnement43 思想道德素质niveau de conscience et qualité morale44 四项基本原则Quatre Principes fondamentaux (s’en tenir à la voie socialiste, à la dictature de démocratie populaire, à la direction du Parti communiste chinois, au marxisme-léninisme et à la pensée Mao Zedong)45 缩小和剔除各种错误思想观点借以滋生的土壤réduire le terrain favorable à la propagation des idées erronées et les éliminerradicalement。
中国时政词汇汉法对译_27_
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54 A P PR EN D R E L E FRA N A I S2009.1中国时政词汇汉法对译(27)●中国译协中译外委员会中译法分会1.【和】harmonie ;paix ;entente ;concorde ;coh ésion ;r éconciliation◆中国自古就有以~为贵、~而不同、~实生物的思想。
Dep uis la plus haute antiquit é,les Chinois sont les adeptes d πune p hilosop hie fo nd ée sur la primaut éde la paix ,l πentente respect ueuse de la diversit éet l πéquilibre actif des diff érences.◆“~”是中国文化传统的基本精神,也是中华民族不懈追求的理想境界。
L πharmo nie rep r ésente une valeur fondamentale du pat rimoine cult urel de la Chine ,un id éal pour lequel la nation chinoise n πa jamais cess éd π≠uvrer/auquella nation chinoise n πa jamaiscess éd πadh érer.◆“以~为贵”就是说国家之间、民族之间、人与人之间要以团结互助、友好相处为最高境界。
La 1primaut éde la paix 2signifie que la solidarit é,l πent raide ,l πentente et l πamiti édoivent pr évaloir comme p rincipes supr êmes dans les rapport s ent re ∗tat s ,nations/peuples et individus/entre les ∗tat s ,ent re les nations et ent re les hommes.◆“~而不同”就是说一个国家、一个民族既能容纳不同文明的存在,又能保留自己的优秀文明传统。
有中国特色词语(中英对照)
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有中国特色词语(中英对照)1、中国意念词(Chinesenesses)八卦trigram阴、阳yin, yang江湖(世界)the jianghu World (the traits’ world)e.g. You can’t control everything in a traits’ world. (人在江湖,身不由己)道Daoism(Taoism)上火excessive internal heat儒学Confucianism红学(《红楼梦》研究)redology世外桃源Shangri-la or Arcadia开放kaifang (Chinese openness to the outside world)大锅饭getting an equal share regardless of the work done伤痕文学scar literature or the literature of the wounded不搞一刀切no imposing uniformity on …合乎国情,顺乎民意to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people乱摊派,乱收费imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge铁交椅iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post脱贫to shake off poverty; anti-poverty治则兴,乱则衰Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline2 、中华民族的喜庆节日(Chinese Festivial)国庆节National Day中秋节Mid-Autumn Festival春节Spring Festival元宵节Lantern Festival儿童节Children’s Day端午节Dragon Boat Festival妇女节Women’s Day泼水节Water-Splashing Day教师节Teachers’ Day五四青年节Youth Day3、中国独特的传统饮食(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods)馄饨wonton锅贴guotie (fried jiaozi)花卷steamed twisted rolls套餐set meal盒饭box lunch; Chinese take-away米豆腐rice tofu魔芋豆腐konjak tofu米粉rice noodles冰糖葫芦a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)火锅chafing dish八宝饭eight-treasure rice pudding粉丝glass noodles豆腐脑jellied bean curd4 、中国新兴事物(Newly Sprouted Things)中国电信China Telecom中国移动China Mobile十五计划the 10th Five-Year Plan中国电脑联网Chinanet三峡工程the Three Gorges Project希望工程Project Hope京九铁路Beijing Kowloon Railway扶贫工程Anti-Poverty Project菜篮子工程Vegetable Basket Project温饱工程Decent-Life Project安居工程Economy Housing Project扫黄Porn-Purging Campaign西部大开发Go-West Campaign。
中国特色词汇大全Chinese Terms
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中国特色词汇大全Chinese Terms-L(中英文对照)作者:oaktree 时• L.来电显示 caller ID蜡雕 wax carving; wax sculpture拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth拉关系 try to curry favor with垃圾融资 junk financing垃圾邮件 junk e-mail垃圾邮件 junk email; spam垃圾债券 junk bond垃圾综合处理 integrated garbage treatment拉锯战 seesaw battle啦啦队 cheering squad啦啦队长 "cheer-leader, rooter king"拉力赛 endurance race拉练 undergo field training by marching and camping拉链工程 zipper project拉尼娜现象 La Nina phenomenon蜡染 batik; wax printing蜡像馆 wax work museum拉选票 seek a vote来电 fall in love with someone来电显示电话机 caller ID telephone来料加工process materials supplied by clients; accept customers' materials for processing来料、来样、来件加工产品 process products with materials supplied by clients垃圾分类收集 separate waste collection蓝筹股 blue chips滥发文凭 issue diplomas recklessly滥发纸币 excessive issue of bank notes; excessive note issue蓝光光盘 Blue-ray Disc蓝盔人员 blue helmet personnel蓝领工人 Blue-collar worker烂摊子 awful mess蓝牙技术 bluetooth滥用权力 abuse of power滥用职权 abuse one's power;misuse one's authority浪子回头 return to the fold; turn over a new leaf; return of the prodigal son朗诵比赛 recital contest劳保医疗制度 labor medicare system“老大难” 问题long-standing problem; big and difficult problem; lasting, complex and hard-to-solve problem劳动服务公司 labor service company;service company劳动定额 labor quota劳动合同制 labor contract system劳动教养education through labor; rehabilitation through labor; indoctrination through labor劳动力产权 labor property rights劳动力的流动性 fluidity of labor劳动力过剩 labor surplus;manpower surplus劳动力资源配置 allocation of labor resources劳动密集型 labor-intensive劳动密集型产业 labor-intensive industry劳动模范 model worker劳动预备制度 vocational training system劳动者素质 quality of the workforce劳动争议 labor dispute劳改农场 reforming farm; reform-through-labor farm老化效应 aging effect老黄牛 a person who serves the people whole-heartedly; an honest and industrious worker老龄委 senior citizens' work committee老年保险制度 endowment insurance老三届 junior and senior high school graduates of 1966~1968; school leavers of 1966~1968老少边穷地区"former revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited by minority nationalities, remote and border areas and poverty-stricken areas "老生常谈,陈词滥调cut and dried, cliché劳务费 service charge; service fee劳务市场 labor market劳务输出 export of labor services老爷式的态度 bureaucratic attitude老一套 old practice; the same old stuff; the same old story; the beaten track老油条 wily old bird; old slicker老中青三结合 combination of the old, the middle-aged and the young in the leadership劳资 labor and capital老字号 an old and famous shop or enterprise; time-honoured brand劳资纠纷 trouble between labor and management老子天下第一 regard oneself as the No.1 authority in the world老年学校 school for the aged劳保 labor insurance克隆 clone雷达覆盖区 radar coverage雷达跟踪 radar tracking累犯 recidivist; incurable criminal勒紧裤带 tighten one's belt累进税率 progressive tax rate冷板凳 cold stool; an indifferent post or a cold reception; cool one's heels冷门 ark horse; a profession, trade or branch of learning that receives little attention; an unexpected winner冷遇 cold reception; indifferent treatment冷战思维 Cold War mentality离岸价格 free on board(FOB)离岸金融市场 offshore market篱笆墙 barriers/ blockage to inter-regional trading理财 arrange the finance;money management力挫 defeat with utmost effort立等可取服务 instant service; on-the-spot service立法真空 legislation vacuum利改税 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery力争上游 strive for the best; aim high立国之本 the foundation underlying all efforts to build the country利好因素 wrinkle理货公司 tally company利基 niche离经叛道 rebel against the orthodoxy理论与实际相结合 integrade theory with practice礼尚往来 courtesy calls for reciprocity; courtesy demands reciprocity 历史遗产 historical heritage;legacy of history历史遗留下来的问题 roblem left over by history; an issue rooted in history利税分流 payment of the tax plus a percentage of profits to the state 理顺经济秩序 straighten out the economic order力所能及 within one's power;to the bes of one's ability( capacity)立体电视 three-dimensional television立体开放口岸 trading port open to sea, land and air立体农业 three-dimensional agriculture立体式报道 an in-depth and comprehensive report立体思考 three-dimensional thinking立体战争 three-dimensional war离退办 office for the affairs of the retired workers离退休人员基本养老金 basic pensions for retirees礼仪小姐 ritual girl礼仪小姐 guiding girl立于不败之地 be in an invincible position;remain invincible联产承包责任制 system of contracted responsibility linking remunerationto output; contract system with remuneration linked to output连带责任 joint liability联防 joint defense恋父情结 Electra complex联购联销 joint purchasing and marketing联合公报 joint communique联合国反腐败公约 UN Convention Against Corruption《联合国海洋法公约》 The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 联合国环境署 UNEP (United Nations Environment Program)联合国会费 the UN membership dues (fee)联合国开发计划署 UNDP (United Nations Development Program)联合国粮农组织 FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation)联合国维持和平部队 United Nations Peace Keeping Forces联合国维和行动 UN peacekeeping operations联合;合并 merger联合兼并 conglomeration and merger of enterprises联合联络小组 joint liaison group联合投标 syndicated tender联机环境 on-line environment廉价商店 discount shop;budget store; discount shop廉价市场 bargain market; bargain center廉洁奉公,以正治国 (of an official) clean and devoted, and govern the state with his own example of uprightness恋母情结 Oedipus complex联赛 league match连锁店 chain store连锁反应 chain effect; domino effect练摊 to be a vendor联体婴儿 Siamese twins联网 on-line;be networked联想集团 Legend Group连续抽烟的人 chain smoker廉政公署 Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC)廉政建设 construction of a clean and honest administration廉政建设build a clean and honest government; strive for a clean government廉政、勤政、务实、高效政府 an honest, diligent, pragmatic and efficient government两岸民间行业组织non-governmental trade organizations across the Straits两岸三地 the Mainland, Taiwan and Hong Kong两岸直航促进会Association for Promotion of Cross-Straits Direct Transportation两岸直航 cross-Straits direct transportation link两大历史性课题(提高党的执政水平和领导水平、提高拒腐防变和抵御风险能力) the two major historic subjects of enhancing the abilities of administration and art of leadership and resisting corruption, guarding against degeneration and wardingoff risks两弹一艇 "A-bomb, H-bomb and nuclear-powered submarine"两弹一星 atomic bomb, hydrogen bomb and artificial satellite亮底牌 reveal the ins and outs两个对等的政治实体 two equal political entities两个文明一起抓 place equal emphasis on material and ethical progress 两会 two Conferences (i.e. the National People's Congress and the Chinese Political Consultative Conference)粮食风险基金 grain risk fund粮食流通体制 grain distribution system粮食收购部门 (government's) grain procurement (purchasing) agencies 粮食主产区 major grain producing areas两手抓两手都要硬 grasp both links at the same time and attach sufficient importance to both两思(致富思源,富而思进) to think of the source of getting rich and of making progress after becoming affluence两条腿走路 walking on two legs两头大、中间小 be small at both ends and big in the middle; a few at each extreme and many in between亮相 pose; state one's view良性循环 virtuous circle两伊战争 the Iran-Iraq War粮油关系 grain and oil rationing registration两院院士 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering两者不可兼得 You cannot eat your cake and have it.量子力学 quantum mechanics两岸关系 relations across the Taiwan Straits两个确保 two guarantees (确保国有企业下岗职工的基本生活,确保离退休人员的基本生活,保证按时足额发放基本养老金。
中国特色文化术语翻译
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Unit 1焚书坑儒burn books and bury Confucian scholars alive牛郎织女the Cowherd and the Girl Weaver or the Cow Herder and the Weaver Maid封建礼教feudal ethical codes善有善报,恶有恶报Good will be rewarded with good and evil repaid with evil《山海经》Classics of Mountians and seas精卫填海Jingwei Determines to fill up the seaUnit 2饮食疗法dietotherapy or food therapy色香味color, aroma and taste美食家gourmet南甜北咸东辣西酸Sweet in the south, salty in the north, sour in the west and spicy in the east.中国四大菜系Grand Four Categories of Chinese Cuisine八大菜系eight main schools of Chineses Cuisine点心Dim Sum鉴别诊断differential diagnosis礼仪之邦land of ceremony and propriety良药苦口Good medicine tastes bitter.控制阴阳失调to conterbalance the Yin-yang disequilibriumUnit 3衣食住行clothing, food, shelter and transportation曲裾curving-front robe直裾straight-front robe战国时期Warring States Period男女授受不亲to avoid close contact of the male and the female 唐装Tang Costume盘扣buttonhole loop玉珮jade ornamentUnit 4道家四象the four Taoist quadrants风水先生 a geomancer皇陵the imperial mausoleum宗庙或祠堂the ancestral temple天坛the Temple of Heaven塔pagoda莫高窟the Mogao Grottoes天人合一unity of Heaven and man拙政园Humble Administrattor's Garden卢沟桥的狮子数不清The lions on the Lugouqiao are uncountableUnit 5世界遗产名录List of World Heritage金丝猴golden snub-nosed monkey人间仙境Fairy Land on Earth五岳Five Sacred Mountains有眼不识泰山One who fails to recognize a somebody has been compared to a person unable to see Mt.Tai.稳如泰山as stable as Mt. Tai会当凌绝顶,一览众山小Only by ascending Mt. Tai will you find how dwarfish all mountains under heaven are.五岳归来不看山,黄山归来不看岳I find it no longer worth my while to look at a mountain after visiting the five sacred mountains. No longer do I find it worth my while to look atthe sacred five after returning from Huangshan.四川大熊猫自然保护区Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries云南三江并流Three Parallel Rivers of Y unnan Protected Areas国家风景区National seenic area桂林山水甲天下The scenery in Guilin is unparalleled in the world( or topped all under heaven)阳朔山水甲桂林The montains and waters in Y angshuo are even better than those in Guilin.Unit 6烽火台beacon tower天下第一关the World’s First Pass故宫the Palace Museum(the Forbidden City)秦始皇陵Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor《史记》The Historical Records兵马俑Terra cotta legions释迦牟尼Sakyamuni(皇帝)登基ascend the throne腐败无能的政府corrupt and impotent government天圆地方round Heaven and square EarthUnit 7春节the Spring Festival元宵节the Lantern Festival清明节Tomb Sweeping Day or the Clear Bright Festival端午节the Dragon Boat Festival中秋节the Mid-Autumn Festival重阳节the Double Ninth Festival泼水节Water Sprinkling Festival那达慕the Nadam Fair火把节the Torch Festival阴历the lunar calendar公历Gregorian calendar年糕sticky cakes红包lucky money in little red envelopes春联spring couplets年画New Y ear pictures舞狮Lion Dances闰月an intercalary month年饭the New Y ear feast元宵glutinous rice dumplings stuffed with various sweet fillings 赛龙舟dragon boat races粽子pyramid-shaped dumplings with glutinous rice吉祥话auspicious messages秋分the autumn equinox月饼moon cake《易经》I-Ching (the Book of Changes)登高节Height Ascending Festival赏菊enjoying the flourishing chrysanthemum中国生肖the Chinese zodiac五行the Five Elements算命fortune telling护身符talismans相手术palmistry相面face reading皇道吉日之类的almanacs红色等同于财富Red is synonymous with wealth.火化cremation避邪to avoid epidemies七夕节the Double Seventh Festival礼轻情意重 A gift may be insignificant, but it carries tremendous friendshipUnit 8绢花silk flower漆器lacquer wares景泰蓝cloisonné enamel青铜器bronze wares唐三彩the Tang tricolor ceramics盆景bonsai司线戊方鼎Simuwu Quadripod陶器earthenware新石器时代the Neolithic Age刺绣embroidery钟鼎文inscription甲骨文tortoise shell script青花瓷the blue and white porcelainUnit 9岁寒三友three friends of winter君子四艺the four skills of a learned scholar to pursue 挂轴hanging scroll工笔画gongbi or meticulous brushwork山水画landscape painting国粹quintessence of Chinese culture小篆the Small Seal Script隶书the Official Script草书the Cursive Script行书the Running Script楷书the Regular Script文房四宝four treasures of the study花鸟图flower and bird painting出淤泥而不染come out of the mire without being snearedUnit 10《赵氏孤儿》An Orphan of the Zhao Family《15贯》Fifteen Strings of Coppers《空城计》The Ruse of an Empty City《白蛇传》The Story of a White Snake《贵妃醉酒》The Drunken Concubine《岳母刺字》Y uefei’s Mother T attooing His Back《打渔杀家》Fisherman’s Revenge《二进宫》Entering the Palace for the Second Time《霸王别姬》Farewell My Concubine《群英会》Gathering of Heroes《乌盆记》The Story of the Black Basin《宝莲灯》The Lotus Lantern《智取威虎山》Takeover of Tiger Mountain四大名旦Four Major Dan Roles梵语SanskritUnit 11中医TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine)望observation闻auscultation and olfaction问interrogation切pulse feeling and palpation经络channels or meridian中草药herbal medicine针灸acupuncture艾灼moxibustion拔罐cupping推拿massage刮痧guasha五行相生结构:金水木火土The Generating cycleMetal produces water, water nourishes wood, wood fuels fire, fire makes earth, earth yields metal.五行相克结构:金木土水火The Regulating CycleMetal can cut wood, wood can contain earth, earth can absorb water, water can extinguish fire, fire can melt metal.Unit 15九歌Nine Songs木兰辞the Ballad of Mulan《西厢记》The West Chamber《诗经》The Book of Songs《离骚》Lament of Encountering Sorrow or Sorrow after departure《孔雀东南飞》Southeast the peacock flies《全唐诗》The complete Anthology of the T ang Dynasty初唐四杰the four preeminent poets of the early Tang Dynasty诗仙the Immortal of Poems诗圣Sage of the Poems山水田园诗人pastoral poets边塞诗人frontier poets熟读唐诗三百首,不会作诗也会吟。
有中国特色词语(中英对照)之二
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5 、特有的⼀些汉语词汇禅宗 Zen Buddhism禅 dhyana; dhgaya混沌 chaos道 Daosim, the way and its power四谛 Four Noble Truth⼋正道 Eightfold Path⽆常 anity五⾏说 Theory of Five Elements⽆我 anatman坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation空 sunyata虚⽆ nothingness双喜 double happiness(中),a doubled stroke of luck(英)⼩品 witty skits相声 cross-talk噱头;掉包袱 gimmick, stunt夜猫⼦ night people; night-owls本命年 this animal year of sb.处世之道 philosophy of life姻缘 yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage)还愿 redeem a wish (vows)6 、具有⽂化特⾊的现代表述⼤陆中国 Mainland China红宝书 little red book红⾊中国 socialist China四化 Four Modernizations终⽣职业 job-for-life铁饭碗 iron rice bowl⼤锅饭 communal pot关系户 closely-related units外出打⼯⼈员 migrant workers关系 personal nets, closely-knitted guild五讲(讲⽂明、讲礼貌、讲卫⽣、讲秩序、讲道德):the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals四美(⼼灵美、语⾔美、⾏为美、环境美): the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment7 、中国古代独特事物(Unique Ancient Chinese Items)宣纸 rice paper衙门 yamen叩头 kowtow孔⼦Confucius牌楼 pailou;pai-loo武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)功夫 kungfu ;kung fu中庸 the way of medium (cf. Golden Means)中和 harmony (zhonghe)孝顺 to show filial obedience孝⼦ dutiful son家长 family head三纲:君为⾂纲,⽗为⼦纲,夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife五常:仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity⼋股⽂ eight-legged essays多⼦多福:The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness养⼉防⽼:raising sons to support one in one’s old age8、近年见诸报端的中国现代特⾊词汇翻译基层监督 grass-roots supervision基础税率 base tariff level婚介所 matrimonial agency婚外恋 extramarital love婚纱摄影 bride photo⿊⼼棉 shoddy cotton机器阅卷 machine scoring即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery集中精⼒把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development价格听证会 public price hearings甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team家政服务 household management service加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion 假帐 accounting fraud叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel矫情 use lame arguments渐进式* gradual Taiwan independence借调 temporarily transfer扩⼤中等收⼊者⽐重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.扩⼤内需,刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption。
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中国特色词汇中法对照1 不正之风pratiques malsaines tendances néfastes2 党内不允许有腐败分子的藏身之地Le Parti ne doit abriter en son sein aucun élément corrompu Aucun élément corrompu ne peut trouver refuge au sein du Parti Le Parti doit purger ses rangs de tous les éléments corrompus chasser / déloger des rangs du Parti les éléments corrompus3 长治久安(assurer une) stabilité durable bonne administration du pays et stabilitédurable4 唱响社会主义文化的主旋律promouvoir / propager une culture centrée / fondée sur les grandes valeurs socialistes développer la culture socialiste5 处理好先富与后富、个人富裕与共同富裕的关系harmoniser les rapports entre les premiers enrichis et ceux qui sont en voie de s’enrichir / les premiers riches et ceux qui sont en voie de le devenir, et concilier l’enrichissement individuel et l’enrichissement collectif harmoniser les rapports entre ceux qui sont les premiers à s’enrichir et ceux qui se rattraperont plus tard, et concilier l’enrichissement individuel et l’enrichissement collectif6 毛泽东思想pensée (de) Mao Zedong7 邓小平理论théorie (de) Deng Xiaoping8 党管干部的原则principe du contr?le de la gestion de l’ensemble du personnel par le Parti9 荡涤旧社会留下来的和国外渗透来的腐朽没落的旧文化éliminer de la culture chinoise les facteurs de décadence provenant du pass é ou de l’étranger éliminer ce qu’il y a de pourri et de décadent dans la culture traditionnelle et étrangère10 德才兼备的原则principe dit ? être politiquement conscient et professionnellement qualifi é ? principe dit ? être vertueux et talentueux ?11 亚太领导人非正式会议Réunion des dirigeants des entités économiques de l’APEC12 反腐倡廉lutter contre la corruption et promouvoir / encourager / exalter l’intégrit é / la probité lutte anti-corruption13 富民政策politique d’encouragement àl’enrichissement (suivre / appliquer) la politique visant à encourager les Chinois / la population à s’enrichir14 干部能上能下accepter volontiers des fonctions aussi bien à la base qu’au sommet être disposéà travailler à tous les échelons (hiérarchiques) / à n’importe quel échelon hiérarchique être disposéà passer à tous les échelons15 论有中国特色的社会主义Du socialisme à la chinoise16 努力提高对外开放水平(s’efforcer de) mieux appliquer la politique d’ouverture sur l’extérieur élargir l’ouverture17 工人阶级的先锋队détachement d’avant-garde de la classe ouvrière18 坚持党的群众路线,深入群众,深入基层,倾听群众呼声,反映群众意愿,集中群众智慧s’en tenir à la ligne de masse du Parti, aller à la base, se mêler aux masses, être attentif à la voix de / se mettre à l’écoute de celles-ci, refléter leurs aspirations et focaliser les rayons de la sagesse collective / faire valoir /concentrer leur sagesse collective (réunir les idées judicieuses)19 坚持人民的利益高于一切placer l’intérêt du peuple au-dessus de tout faire passer les intérêts du peuple avant toute autre préoccupation /considération20 建功立业accomplir des actes méritoires donner le meilleur de soi-même servir le peuple21 “三讲”(讲学习,讲政治,讲正气)? trois impératifs ? : application à l’étude, engagement politique et amour de la droiture / triple formation / formation sur trois plans, théorique, politique et moral22 解放被束缚的生产力libérer les forces productives entravées23 精神世界(精神境界)niveau moral conscience droite / intègre /pure élévation d’esprit grandeur d’ame24 居安思危,增强忧患意识rester vigilant en période de paix, savoir se prémunir contre tout risque garder l’esprit vigilant même en temps de paix / quand on se trouve en sécurité penser au pire quand tout va bien C’est lorsque tout va bien qu’il faut penser au pire.25 教育科学文化素质qualité / formation sur les plans éducatif, scientifique et culturel (poss éder une) formation solide : bien éduqué, cultivéet au courant des progrès scientifiques26 扩大干部工作中的民主démocratiser la gestion des cadres27 立党为公,执政为民travailler avec abnégation pour de nobles objectifs et être au pouvoir dans l’intérêt du peuple / (le Parti) se mettre au service des intérêts communs et être au pouvoir / exercer le pouvoir pour le peuple Notre Parti est toujours au service de l’intérêt / du bien général, et notre gouvernement recherche toujours le bien-être du peuple.28 立党之本,执政之基,力量之源fondement du Parti, assise de son pouvoir et source de sa force29 同……一脉相承venir / provenir en droite ligne de être issu / émaner de30 买办的封建的生产关系rapports de production compradors-féodaux31 经得住权力、金钱、美色的考验résister à la tentation du pouvoir, de l’argent et du ***e32 依法治国和以德治国administrer le pays / gouverner le pays et par la loi et par la vertu combiner le gouvernement du pays selon la loi avec l’administration du pays en insistant sur une noble morale état de droit et état de vertu33 民族区域自治制度système d’autonomie dans les régions peuplées par des ethnies minoritaires autonomie régionale d’ethnies minoritaires34 努力防止和坚决抵制腐朽文化和各种错误思想观点对人们的侵蚀s’efforcer de prévenir et de combattre la corruption des esprits par la culture décadente et les idées erronées35 全国各族人民peuple chinois multiethnique / pluriethnique différentes ethnies de / qui composent la nation chinoise36 “一边一国”论assertion dite (d’)? un pays de chaque c?té ?37 取其精华,去其糟粕absorber la quintessence de qqch. et en rejeter la lie38 全面建设小康社会travailler à la réalisation complète d’une société relativement aisée / d’aisance moyenne travailler sur tous les plans à l’édification / la construction d’une société au niveau de vie relativement élevé construire une société capable d’assurer au peuple une vie relativement aisée sur tous les plans faire accéder, sur tous les plans, notre sociétéà une aisance moyenne39 人才辈出émergence massive de personnes de talent / de personnes hautement qualifiées40 人心向背(évolution de l’)opinion publique sentiments populaires adhésion populaire soutien populaire41 社会经济成分composantes économiques42 生态建设aménagement écologique protection de l’environnement43 思想道德素质niveau de conscience et qualité morale44 四项基本原则Quatre Principes fondamentaux (s’en tenir àla voie socialiste, àla dictature de démocratie populaire, à la direction du Parti communiste chinois, au marxisme-léninisme et à la pensée Mao Zedong)45 缩小和剔除各种错误思想观点借以滋生的土壤réduire le terrain favorable à la propagation des idées erronées et les éliminer radicalement。