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The analytic hierarchy process (AHP is a structured technique for organizing
and analyzing complex decisions, based on mathematics and psychology.
Rather than prescribing a "correct" decision, the AHP helps decision makers
find one that best suits their goal and their understanding of the problem. It
provides a comprehensive and rational framework for structuring a decision
problem, for representing and quantifying its elements, for relating those
elements to overall goals, and for evaluating alternative solutions.
The procedure for using the AHP can be summarized as:
1. Model the problem as a hierarchy containing the decision goal, the
alternatives for reaching it, and the criteria for evaluating the alternatives.
2. Establish priorities among the elements of the hierarchy by making a series
of judgments based on pairwise comparisons of the elements. For example, when
comparing potential purchases of commercial real estate, the investors might say
they prefer location over price and price over timing.
3. Synthesize these judgments to yield a set of overall priorities for the
hierarchy. This would combine the investors' judgments about price and timing
for properties A, B, C, and D into overall priorities for each property.
4. Check the consistency of the judgments.
5. Come to a final decision based on the results of this process.
These steps are more fully described below.
● Model the problem:
Symbol table:
Average wait
T
time
Variance of
V
waiting time
Number of
N
security lines
Average wait
T1
time for
PreCheck
Average wait
T2
time for ID
Check
Average wait
time for
T3
Baggage and
Body Screening
Average service
T4
time
Variance of wait
V1
time for
PreCheck
Variance of wait
time for ID
V2
Check
Variance of wait
time for
V3
Baggage and
Body Screening
Variance of
V4
service time
● Establish priorities among the elements of the hierarchy:
Priority queue:
T > N > V
T1 > T2 > T3 > T4
V1 > V2 > V3 > V4
● Synthesize these judgments to yield a set of overall priorities for the hierarchy: M T V N
T 1 7 3
V 1/7 1 1/3
N 1/3 3 1
A T1T2T3T4
T11359
T21/3126
T31/51/214
T41/91/61/41
B V1V2V3V4
V11359
V21/3126
V31/51/214
V41/91/61/41