英语作文分主题句

第三讲（2）

层次中心句（分主题句）

I.为什么要写？

（1）段落需要主题句，但是考试作文因篇幅和结构原因，主旨或中心思想已经在第

一段提出（最好这样），第二部分开头

再提一遍略显重复单调。

并且，第二段的起始句不外乎：

My view can be explained in the following aspects.

或There are several reasons to explain my opinion.

这些句子可以用，但是不能直观地反映作者的理由。

（2）为了阅卷老师尽快抓住你的主要理由，以节省阅卷时间，需要在段落中间每个

层次的开头部分提供层次中心句（分主

题句）

（3）分主题句也能对自己的写作过程起到约束限制作用。

II.怎么写分主题句？

要求：显眼、一目了然

（1）结构：论题（中心观点）+具体观点：

如：

中心观点：It Is Wise to Make Friends Online: 具体观点：circle of friends

分主题句：It is wise to make friends online for it may help us enlarge our circle of friends considerably.

其后扩展句中可以将现实生活中交友因受到自己生活范围以及阅历的影响，不能像在网上那样很快和不同经历和背景的人们交朋友。

再如如果用反面观点：

中心观点：It is unwise to make friends online. 具体观点：lack communication with people in real life 分主题句：It is unwise to make friends online because it might result in lacking communication with friends in real life.

其后的扩展句中可以举例，如过多依赖网络关系的一些人忽略了身边的朋友或家人而造成关系淡漠，甚至引起关系紧张，如：重庆某男子因为妻子未能半夜起床为其偷菜而要求和正怀孕的妻子离婚。这已经引起了网络关系成瘾的人群的心理健康问题。

或某人因为要满足自己在网上虚拟世界的成就感，问了让自己的网友每天关注自己的博客，竟然偷拍妻子并将其私密的照片上传至博客，被妻子发现后差点离婚。

（2）分主题句观点不可过宽或过窄

A.某些过于宽泛的词汇不适合于分主题句，

如：Good, bad, helpful, important, harmful, difficult,特别是在第一段主旨中已经提出这些词汇了。

B.分主题句概括面过于狭窄也不行。要足够

概括，如：

My statement of the importance of keeping a good mood is based on the following reasons. First, I know everyone has such an experience that when you are upset or gloomy, you are unwilling to do anything. You become low-spirited in study or work.

有举例或描写，但是没有总结或归纳，不能上升到某一个高度，并为全文主旨有机联系，起不到为主旨服务的功能。

First之后概括一下：

First, a good mood cheers us up when we feel upset or gloomy. I know everyone has such an experience that when we are in a bad mood, you are unwilling to do anything. You become low-spirited in study or work. Under this condition, a good mood makes up optimistic and energetic.

（3）句式要规范：

A.一定要避免句子片段。

如典型错误：

Should China Encourage Private Cars?

第二段中：

Private cars should not be encouraged in China. First, energy. Second, pollution. Third, traffic accidents.

B.最好用陈述句。疑问句、祈使句和感叹句

都不能直接陈述一个观点，即使是反问句。

（4）注意全段个层次之间的流畅和衔接。

适当通过重复的方式进行强调，但注意句式的多样性。

如：The Best Way to Stay Healthy

(主旨)The best way to stay healthy is to keep a balanced diet. (分主题1) The first reason for a balanced diet as the best way to stay healthy is that it can guarantee us to get all the nutrition our body needs. （分主题2）A balanced diet is the best way to stay healthy also in that you can enjoy the tasty food while staying healthy. (分主题3) We insist on a balanced diet as the best way to stay healthy, also because, compared with other ways, it is easy to be held on.

III.练习：

根据以下Brainstorming过程中想到的词汇,分层次写出分主题句

1.Cellphone

1)function:

With the development of technology, cellphones become popular because of their various functions.

2)Disadvantages:

We have to take the severe problems of cellphones into consideration when we buy them.

Advantages

A lot of convenience has been brought to us with the invention of cellphones. 2.traveling

1)preparation:

We need to do a lot of things to prepare for traveling.

2)Advantages:

Traveling may broaden your mind, when you appreciate beautiful views and learn other cultures.

3)Disadvantages:

Traveling will bring us much trouble as well.

3.cheating in exam

1)attitude

Different people hold different attitudes towards cheating in exam.

2)Method

The methods of cheating in exam are varied nowadays.

3)Result

Cheating in exam may influence the credibility of students, schools and the whole education.

4.advertisements

1)extensiveness

Advertisements are so extensive that almost everything can be advertised.

2)Advantages

Advertisements may benefit us in economic, aesthetic and recreational aspects.

3)Problems

To some extent, advertisements can be a trouble to many people.

IV.Assignment:

Ways to Guarantee Food Safety

Appalling issue