薄膜晶体管液晶显示器基础知识

Reliability
High Readability
High Resolution Outdoor Readability
Wide Operation Temperature
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LCD 相关性能指标
* 分辨率
m列
n行
* Video Graphics Array * eXtended Graphics Array
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LCD 相关性能指标
* 透过率η： ＝T P CF ITO LC
ITEM
2.41” Ass’y margin 5㎛
Array Glass LC Layer
Aperture Ratio CF (Gamut 72%)
Panel Transmittance
1440 x 900 16:10 WXGA+
1280 x 1024 1400 x 1050 1600 x 1050 1600 x 1200 1920 x 1080 1920 x 1200 2048 x 1536
5:4 4:3 8:5 4:3 16:9 16:10 4:3
SXGA SXGA+ WSXGA+ UXGA HDTV WUXGA QXGA
512 Colors 4,096 Colors 65,536 Colors 262,144 Colors 16,777,216 Colors
Analog IC = ConБайду номын сангаасinuous Gray-Scale = Full Color
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HDTV 15”, 17”, 19” Wide Work Station Laptop
15” Old Work Station Laptop
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LCD 相关性能指标
* 开口率 = 可透光面积 / 整体面积 * 亮度：液晶显示屏单位面积上画面的明亮程 度的标志 * 对比度：白色画面(最亮时)下的亮度除以黑 色画面(最暗时)下的亮度
Wide View Product
FFS LCD Demo
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LCD 相关性能指标
* 色数 (chromatic number)
3 bit = 4 bit = 5 bit = 6 bit = 8 bit =
8-Gray / RGB = 16-Gray / RGB = 32-Gray / RGB = 64-Gray / RGB = 256-Gray / RGB =
LCD 发展趋势
* TSP On/In Cell
* Automatic Brightness Control
Photo Sensor
Feature: Reduce Thickness Reduce surface reflectance and increase transmittance
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长宽比 1:1 5:4 5:4 4:3 11:9 3:2 3:2 16:9 4:3 15:9 16:9 4:3
17:10 4:3 16:9
16:10
简称 SQQVGA QQVGA
QCIF QVGA VHS HVGA DVGA nHD VGA WVGA WFVGA SVGA WSVGA XGA WXGA WXGA
TN LCD Demo
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LCD 的基本结构
7
1 2
21
22
34
5
6
20 17
18 16
19
15 14 13
12
4 8 9 10 2
1 11
1.偏振片 2.玻璃基板 3.公共电极 4.取向层 5.封框胶 6.液晶 7.隔垫物 8.保护层 9.ITO像素电极 10.栅绝缘层 11.存贮电容底电极 12.TFT漏电极 13.TFT柵电极 14.有机半导体有源层 15.TFT源电极及引线 16.各向异性导电胶（ACF）17.TCP 18.驱动IC 19.印刷电路板（PCB）20.控制IC 21.黑矩阵（BM）22. 彩膜（CF）
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LCD 基本结构
TFT & Pixel
A-A’
Color Resin
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LCD 相关性能指标
Slim & Compact
Light & Robust
Low Power Consumption
Feature: Optimum View ability Power saving
LCD 发展趋势
* Dynamic Backlight Control
* Slim and narrow border
* Sunlight Readability
* Flexible Display
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缺点
1、工作范围窄：－20-60摄氏度 2、视角狭窄 3、响应速度慢，毫秒量级
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LCD 的基本显示原理
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LCD 的基本显示原理
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94.2% 96.4% 46.4% 27.5%
Typ. 4.87%
* 响应速度 (LCD: 20～40ms, CRT: 10μs)
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LCD 相关性能指标
* 可视角度
Normal TN Product
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备注 1.5”, 1.6” 1.77”, 1.79” 2.0”, 2.2” 2.0”, 2.2”, 2.4”, 2.6”, 2.8”, 3.0” TV Scan Resolution 3.1”, 3.2”, 3.5” 3.5” iPhone4, Meizu M9 Nokia S60 5th, Symbian3 Old PC Display, ~3” Old High End Cell Phone 3.2”, 3.7”, 4.0”, 4.3” Cell Phone with Touch Panel 3.2”, 3.7”, 4.0”, 4.3” Moto, Sony Ericsson Old PC Display Net Book, X-Pad 12”, 14”, 15” Normal Laptop 13.3”, 14”, 15” Normal Laptop 12”, 14”, 15” Normal Wide Laptop 12.1” 13.3” 14.1” High End Business Wide Laptop; 19” Wide LCD Business PC DIsplay 14”, 15” High End Laptop 20”, 22” Display 19”, 20” Workstation
分辨率 128 x 128 160 x 128 220 x 176 320 x 240 352 x 288 480 x 320 960 x 640 640 x 360 640 x 480 800 x 480 854 x 480 800 x 600 1024 x 600 1024 x 768 1336 x 768 1280 x 800
Portability
Vivid Picture
Narrow Bezel
Large Screen
Value Added
Input Function Multi-View 3D-Display
High Brightness High Color Gamut
High Contrast Fast Response Time Wide Viewing Angle
薄膜晶体管液晶显示器基础知识
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显示方式分类
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LCD 的特点
优点：
1、体积小及轻量化，适于便携式应用 2、低功耗低电压，与大规模集成电路相匹配 3、可实现大面积化 4、无辐射