“介词关系代词”中介词的确定方法
介词加关系代词的用法介词选择规律
介词加关系代词的用法介词选择规律1. 哎呀呀，介词的选择可不能瞎搞呀！比如在“in which”中，“in”就是根据先行词在从句中作的成分来定的啦。
就像“the year in which I was born”，这里“in”就是因为先行词“the year”在从句中表示“在这一年里”呀，能理解不？2. 嘿，你们想想看呀，“for which”的介词“for”不也是有它的道理嘛！像“the reason for which he was late”，就是因为先行词“the reason”在从句中要用“for”呀，懂了吧？3. 哇塞，“on which”的“on”选择也是有窍门的哟！比如说“the day on which I met him”，那就是因为先行词“the day”在从句中得用“on”来表示“在那天”呀，这下清楚了吧？4. 你们说神奇不神奇呀，“with which”里的介词“with”也是要看情况的啦。
就像“the tool with which I fixed the bike”，先行词“the tool”和“with”搭配才合适呢！5. 哎呀呀，“of which”的“of”选择也不是随便来的呀！瞧瞧“the book of which I told you yesterday”，先行词“the book”和“of”就是这么搭的嘛。
6. 哈哈，“at which”的介词“at”也有它的道理呀。
比如“the place at which we met”，先行词“the place”在从句中就得用“at”呀，是不是很有意思？7. 天哪，“from which”的“from”那也是有根据的好不好！像“the source from which we get the information”，先行词“the source”这里就得选“from”呀，明白了吧？8. 嘿嘿，“by which”的“by”也不是乱来的呀！就像“the method by which he solved the problem”，先行词“the method”和“by”就是绝配呢！9. 总之啊，介词加关系代词的用法里介词选择是有规律哒，大家可得好好记住哟！多去看看那些例子，多去想想，慢慢就会懂啦！。
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句_
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句_介词+关系代词引导的定语从句介词+关系代词引导定语从句时，关系代词常用 which （指物） whom(指人），即介词+which/whom。
1.当介词放在关系代词的前面时，关系代词which或whom不能省略。
He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of which had t been cleaned for at least a year.他付给那个男孩10美元擦洗10扇窗户，这10扇窗户中大部分至少一年没擦了。
In the dark street, there wasn t a single person to whom she couid turn.在黑暗的街道上,她没有一个可以求助的人。
定语从句中，当介词位于定语从句的末 which (指物），that/whom/who (指人）作介词的宾语，而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。
This is the hero that/who/whom/(可省略) we are proud of.这是我们引以为荣的那个英雄。
This is the pen that/which/(可省略) I I wrote the letter with.这是我写信时用的那支钢笔。
【温馨提示】①有些动词+介词的固定词组不可把介词置于关系代词前。
这就是我正在找的磁带。
[误]This is the right tape for which I m looking, [正]This is the right tape that I m looking for.②常见的不可拆开的动词词组有：care for 喜欢,关心deal with 处理，对付get through 通过;到达;接通电话hear from/of 收到某人的来信/听说look for/after寻找/照顾send for派人去请see to照管，料理3.复合介词短语+关系代词which 引导的定语从句，这种结构引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号分开，定语从句常用倒装语序。
“介词+关系代词”中介词的选用
“介词＋关系代词”中介词的选用定语从句是高一英语语法的重难点，同时又是高考必考热点之一。
纵观10年来各地高考试题对定语从句的考查，越来越突出能力立意。
定语从句中关于“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时介词的选择则更是令众多考生十分头疼的一大难题。
之所以难，主要在于难以选出合适的介词。
而介词的选用是有一定规律的，同学们只要掌握了这些规律，解题时就可迎刃而解，举一反三了。
一、根据定语从句中的线索来选用介词这线索可以是：1.定语从句中的短语动词这是主要线索，所选介词需与动词搭配。
例如：⑴ She paid the man from whom she had borrowed some money.(=She paid the man．She had borrowed some money from him．)（borrow sth．from sb．意思是“向某人借东西”）⑵ In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.(NMET 1992)（turn to sb．for help，意思是“求某人帮助”）在这一句式结构中，句中的介词与从句的谓语动词有一定的搭配关系。
介词可用于关系代词之前，但先行词若指人，关系代词必须用whom，不能用who或that；若指物必须用which，不能用that。
介词也可以置于从句谓语动词之后，这时，句中关系代词用who，whom，that均可，指物可用which或that，并均可省略。
例如：The middle-aged woman to whom I spoke just now is my English teacher．[=The middle-aged （womanwho/whom/that) I spoke to just now is my English teacher．]2．定语从句中的形容词短语所选介词与形容词构成短语。
高考英语“介词 + 关系代词”的用法
“介词+ 关系代词”的用法【典型考例】1. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ____ appeared a rare rainbow soon.. (2008福建)A. of whichB. on whichC. from whichD. above which2. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, ____ New York is an example. (2008四川)A. for whichB. in whichC. of whichD. from which【解析】不难看出，这两道题都是考查了“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。
第1题题意：一道罕见的彩虹出现在Mount Qomolangma的上方。
appeared a rare rainbow为倒装形式。
故选D。
第2题先行词为many cities,从句还原后成为“New York is an example of many cities”，所以选择介词of，表示所属关系。
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句既是同学们学习定语从句中的难点之一，也是各种考试的重点之一，尤其在近几年的高考题中出现的频率甚高，而且变化多样。
经过对定语从句的学习，同学们对于定语从句中关系代词、关系副词的选择可能不会感到有什么困难了，但对于“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句的用法却往往感到棘手。
希望下面的总结能助同学们一臂之力。
一、“介词+ 关系代词”引导定语从句基本构成：“介词+ 关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which(物)和whom(人)，即：介词+which/ whom。
1. 当介词放在关系代词的前面时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，关系代词不能省略。
where引导的定语从句的先行词
where引导的定语从句的先行词先看几道高考试题：1. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends,_____ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. who2. Some pre-school children go to a day-care center, ______ they learn simple games and songs.A. thenB. thereC. whileD. where3. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity ______ sight matters more than hearing.A. whenB. whoseC. whichD. where4. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases ______ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.A. whichB. asC. whyD. where5. After graduation she reached a point in her career ______ she had to decide what to do.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where归纳常见的抽象先行词有case/ condition/ point/ position/ situation/ scene/activity/job/race【模拟训练】1.I can think of many cases ___ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where2. It’s helpful to put children in a situation ___ they can see themselves differently.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where3. ---Do you have anything to say for yourself? ---Yes, there’s one point ____ we must insist on .A. whyB. whereC. howD. /.4. — What do you think of teaching, Bob ?— I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ___ you are doing something serious but interesting.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that5. I’ll give you my friend’s home address, ___ I can be reached most evenings.A. whichB. whenC. whomD. where6. All the neighbors admire this family, ___ the parents are treating their child like a friend.A. whyB. whereC. whichD. that7. I work in a business ___ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.A. howB. whichC. whereD. that8.Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ___ people were eaten by the tiger.A. whereB. by whichC. whichD. that二．先行词为具体的地点名词1. Stephen hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet ___ life has developed gradually.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. whose2.. ---Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut ?---You should try the barber’s ___ I go. it’s only 15.A. asB. whichC. whereD. that3. A bank is the place ______ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain . A, when B. that C. where D. there4. New York, ___ last year is a nice old city.A. that I visitedB. which I visitedC. where I visitedD. in which I visited5. Is this the house ___ Shakespeare was born?A. at whereB. whichC. in whichD. at which6. There were dirty marks on her trousers ___ she had wiped her hands.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that7. If a shop has chairs ___ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where介词+ 关系代词一、“介词+ 关系代词”引导定语从句基本构成：“介词+ 关系代词”引导定语从句时，关系代词主要是which, whom, whose1. 当介词放在关系代词的前面时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，关系代词不能省略。
专业四级考试定语从句练习
专业四级考试定语从句练习专业四级考试定语从句练习引导语：专业四级考试定语从句练习，由应届毕业生培训网整理而成，谢谢您的阅读考点一：介词+关系代词 (which/ whom)(1) 关系代词前介词的确定方法：定语从句的动词与先行词的逻辑关系，或者从句的动词、形容词的习惯性搭配。
1. The party, at which __I was the guest of honour, was extremely enjoyable.2006A. by whichB. for whichC. to whichD. at which2. I’ve never been to Lhasa, but that’s the city _which I like to visit mostly______.1999A. I’d most like to visitB. which I like to visit mostlyC. whereI like to visit D. I’d like much to visit3. The Clarks haven’t decided yet which hotel_to stay_at_____. 1998A. to stayB. is to stayC. to stay atD. is for staying4.I have never been to London, but that is the city _which I like to visit mostly_______.1997A. where I like to visit mostB. I'd most like to visit.C. which I like to visit mostlyD. where I'd like most to visit(2) 非限制性定语从句中，表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词+of+关系代词”的结构;(3) Whose从句可转换为“ of +关系代词”型，whose的先行词指物时, 可用of which代替,但词序不同，即whose+n=the +n + of which =of which + the + n.1. Above the trees are the hills, _whose______ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface.2003A. whereB. of whoseC. whoseD. which考点二：as与which引导的定语从句as 放在句首句中都可以，which 必需放在句中，但下列情况多用as: 1) 关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。
(完整版)介词+关系代词
lived in Tianjin. !
=when
=where
5. Hangzhou is the place to which I went last year.
=when 6. I remember the day on which my father died. I
was only ten years old at that time.
介词+关系词的功能
一、“介词+关系代词” 结构在定语从句中主要起关系副 词的作用，即在定语从句中充当状语。用在介词后的关 系代词只有whom, which和whose 三个，不能用that.
二、介词后面的关系词不能省略。
三、先行词时物时，介词后用关系词which，先行词是人 时，介词后用关系词whom.
2. This is the room in which I lived. =where
3. I don’t know the reason for which he haven’t
come today.
=why
4. Tom still remembers the days during which they
关系副词when, where, why 和介词+which之间的关系
关系副词when, where, why可以用 适当的介词+which来替代。
如：when=in/on/at…+which, where=in/on/at…+which, why=for+which 。
=when 1. I won’t forget the date on which I was born.
定语从句
Preposition +which / +whom
定语从句----介词 关系代词
宾语 whom只能做宾语 ）
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介词的选取
介词的确定主要根据三个方面来选择: 一是先行词与介词的搭配; 二是定语从句中谓语动词或形容词与介词的搭 配; 三是根据“介词+关系代词”在从句中的作用 及意义。
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关系代词前介词的确定
1.根据从句中动词与介词的习惯搭配来确定介词。 Is this the car for which you paid a high price? (pay for)
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非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用，在句子中不 充当成分，缺少也不会影响全句的理解，它与主 句往往用逗号隔开。定语从句有限制性和非限制 性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部 分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；
(2) 在非限定性定语从句中必须用which不能 用that。
This is the book which/that I’m looking for. They have invited me to visit their country,
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
=This is the house in which I lived twoyears ago.
Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
=Do you remember the day on which you joined our
whom neither）is a teacher.
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5.关系代词whose+名词 引导的定语从句可转化为 the+名词+of+ which / whom 或 of+ which/whom + the +名词结构；of 表所属关系。 I live in a room whose windows are all broken. =I live in a room of which the windows are all broken. =I live in a room the windows of which are all broken. This is my teacher whose handwriting is excellen t. =This is my teacher the handwriting of whom is excellent. =This is my teacher of whom the handwriting is
关系代词前介词的选择
关系代词前介词的选择作者：于志芬来源：《高中生·高考指导》2012年第08期在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词主要有which，whom，whose，它们既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。
我们应如何选择关系代词前的介词呢？一、介词与从句的先行词是习惯搭配当先行词为时间名词或地点名词（该名词在主句中可充当主语、宾语、补足语、表语或者同位语等）时，我们应根据定语从句所修饰的名词前习惯搭配的介词来确定关系代词前的介词，此时的“介词+which”相当于when或where，在从句中作时间状语或地点状语。
该定语从句既可以是限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。
最常见的表示时间的介词有in，at，on，during，since，by，before，after，until等。
如：例1 Do you remember the day you joined our club？A. on whichB. of whichC. by whichD. at which解析：答案为A。
先行词the day常与on搭配，构成介词短语on the day，在从句中作时间状语，所以用on which引导定语从句。
二、介词与从句的谓语动词是习惯搭配当定语从句的谓语动词为含有介词的动词短语，且先行词在从句中作介词的宾语时，该介词可以移到关系代词之前，构成“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句。
在含有介词的短语动词中，由于动词和介词的关系比较紧密，一般不能将介词与动词拆开，也不能将介词提到关系代词之前。
这类短语动词有listen to/look at/depend on/take care of/look into/break into/get rid of/look forward to等。
如：例2 Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time.A. of whichB. with whichC. about whichD. at which解析：答案为C。
定语从句之介词加关系代词
17. I have many friends ,some_____ are businessmen. A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom
D 18. My aunt,_______life was hard, earned little money. A. for whose B. for which C. for who D. for whom
15.His parents wouldn’t let him marry A anyone______family was poor. A. of whom the B. whom C. of whose D.the 16. Frank’s dream was to have his own B shop______to produce the works of his own hands. A. that B. in which C. by which D. how
4. 介词+which (指物),whom (指人), 作分句中的目的、 方式、地点状语等。这种结构中的介词一般为动词所支 配。 1）Could you tell me the man for whom you have bought this coat? 2) He built a transparent wall through which he could observe what went on inside. 3) The man , from whom I learned the news ,is an engineer. 5. 介词 by +which (指物),whom (指人), 在被动结构中 表明动作的发出者. 1）The wolf by which the sheep was killed was shot. 2) The man by whom the wolf was shot is a good hunter.
【介词+关系代词】如何确定“介词+关系代词”的介词？
【介词+关系代词】如何确定“介词+关系代词”的介词？【--高考祝福语】湖南省涟源市私立行知中学曾省初刘扬群[前言]“介词+which/ whom”引导的定语从句一直都是高考考查的热点，其中介词的选择确定是点。
[精析]（1）在介词+关系代词的结构中，关系代词指人时只能用whom;指物时用which.(2)指物的先行词在定语从句中作定语时还可以用the +noun +of which的结构来表示（3）先行词在定语从句中作状语时根据不同类型的状语，用不同的介词+关系代词，时间状语使用on; in; by等表示时间的介词；地点状语用on; in; at等表示地点的介词；原因状语用for;方式状语用in; by; with等。
[高考考例]1. In the office, I never seem to have time until after 5:30pm, ________ many people have gone home. [上海高考1995]A. whose timeB. thatC. on whichD. by which time[思路点拨]答案为D. by which time 勇于指代by 5:30pm[介词的选择]在介词+关系代词中，介词的选择受以下限制：（1）以从句中动词；形容词；名词与介词的固定搭配而定；[高考考例]2. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help. [MET 1992]A. thatB. whoC. from whomD. to whom[思路点拨]答案为D. turn to sb for help 为固定搭配表示“求助于某人”（2）以先行词与从句中的动词关系及所表达的含义而定或以先行词在定语从句中的作用与含义而定。
[考例]1. The medicine of science, ______ progress has been very rapid lately, is perhaps the most important of all the science.A. to whichB. in whichC. whichD. with which[思路点拨]答案为B.从句主谓结构搭配为：progress has been rapid in, 这里的in意为“在某方面”，相当于rapid progress has been made in the science of medicine.[考例]2. The professor made his first speech _____ he talked about some subjects the students were interested.A. thatB. whichC. in whichD. of which[小结]关键词：介词的选用与从句主谓结构的搭配有关。
介词+关系代词型定语从句中介词的选择
介词+关系代词“介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句是定语从句的一种复杂形式，这类定语从句的关系代词主要有which ,whom , whose , 它们既可以引导限定性定语从句，也可以引导非限定性定语从句.关系代词前该选用什么样的介词，要根据不同的语境、习语、惯用法等来决定。
一．介词选择的主要标准1.介词与定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性搭配Human facial expressions differ from those animals in the degree to which they can be controlled on purpose.人类的面部表情和动物的面部表情就可控制的程度来说是不一样的。
( to a degree )The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.你昨天告诉我的那个绅士被证明是个小偷。
（ tell sb. about sb./ sth. )The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success。
那场在新年晚会上我学生参加表演的英语剧很成功。
( in the play )The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs for which they are being trained.学校本身承认，并不是所有的孩子都能在他们所接受的培训的职业成功.（ be trained for the job )2.介词与定语从句中的动词是一种习惯性搭配Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands？我们的老师与之握手的那个男士是谁？ ( shake hands with sb. )Last month ， part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods ，from whose effects the people are still suffering。
语法——介词
④ 补充 在说明时间的时候，若时间名词前带有last, next, this, that, one, every, all, tomorrow, yesterday等修饰语 时，就不可再用介词。例如： I am leaving next Wednesday/this afternoon. I’ve got to get up early tomorrow morning.
②
On 的用法 表示“在星期几或某日”： He was back home on July first. It was raining on Monday. 表示“在周末/工作日/工作日夜晚”： I only work on weekdays, not on weekends. The plays can be seen separately on weeknights. 注意在英式英语中，weekend 前用at，其余仍用on。 另外，at/on weekends 泛指周末 at/on the weekend 可以泛指，也可特指某个周末
③ 在“名词＋不定式”结构中。例如： I need a box to put the chessmen in. I put the chessmen i paper to write on. I write on a piece of paper.
介词是通常位于名词或代词之前的词。介词之后也可 以接动词，该动词必须用-ing分词形式。例如： He is talking of emigrating. They succeed in escaping. 但except和but是例外，之后可接不定式。例如： He had no choice but to wait. She can do anything except cook. They did nothing except work. 1. 当except和but之前有实义动词do的某种形式时，其后的不 定式一般不带to。
定语从句(介词+关系代词)练习
定语从句介词+which（指物),不可省介词+whom （指人),不可省介词后不用who、that1. 介词的确定方法①根据先行词来确定②根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定③根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定2. 介词的位置①一般情况下，介词放在关系代词which和whom之前，也可放在动词后。
②固定搭配的动词短语中的介词一般不能提前.常见的这类动词短语有:Look for/after/forward to、care for、take care of、hear of/about/from, 等.Tips介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介词的选择,方法一是看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词(习惯搭配),再则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断,结合生活实际来判断.1.名词+介词+关系代词This is the teacher whose daughter is a famous doctor.=This is the teacher the daughter of whom is a famous doctor.2.数词+介词+关系代词(含基数词、序数词、分数和百分数）We have three foreign teachers, two of whom are from Canada.3.代词+介词+关系代词（代词有all、both、none、neither、either、some、any等）The old woman has two sons, both of whom are teachers.4.形容词最高级+介词+关系代词China has thousands of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan Island.5.介词+关系代词+名词He spent four years in college, during which time he studied medicine.练习题：1. The stories about Long March,_______which this is one example,are well written.2. The speed________which you drive your car mustn’t too high.3. In the park there are many flowers,the colour _________ which is bright and nice.4. The little girl is reading a book,_________which there are many pictures.5. What were the things__________which he was not too sure?6. They held a meeting,_______which the hospital director made a speech.7. The book,_________which he paid 6 yuan,is worth reading.8. Is this the man________whose house the police found the lost coloured TV?9. The villagers dug along tunnel__________which they could go to the fields withoutbeing found by the Japanese soldiers.10. Wu Dong,_________whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.11. The Second World War_________millions of people were killed in 1945.A.during whichB.in thatC.whereD.on which12. China has many rivers,________the Changjiang River is the longest.A.whichB. in whichC.among whichD. one of which13. This is the very knife_____I used to cut apples yesterday.A.thatB.by whichC.whichD.with which考点一:that 与which 的区别that 与which 的区别只用that的情况:1. 先行词为all, little, much, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词.2.先行词被all, little, much, every, no, 等修饰时。
“介词+关系代词”考点归纳
“介词 + 关系代词”考点归纳余明朝陕西省商南县高级中学定语从句是高中英语重点语法项目之一, 也是高考必考项目之一。
纵观近几年的高考，不难发现“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是考查的热点。
下面就该结构引导的定语从句作一归纳总结，以便于考生更好地把握。
一、考点归纳：1. 用于这种结构的关系代词一般为which（指物）或whom（指人）, 有时也用whose （指人或物）。
注意：介词后面不能跟关系代词that或who。
如：He will pay a visit to the house in which he was born twenty years ago.他要去参观20年前他出生的那座房子。
The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.你昨天跟我讲的那位先生没想到是小偷。
We entered the room, from whose window we could see the tower clearly.我们进了房间，从窗户处能清楚地看到宝塔。
2. 选用“介词+ 关系代词”结构中的介词时，要根据不同的语境、词组搭配、习语、惯用法等来决定,归纳起来介词的选择主要依据如下几点：①介词与定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性搭配。
如：The farm on which I once worked has taken on a new look．(on the farm)In his room, we saw a big table on which there were all kinds of books.（on the table）Yesterday we had a meeting at which we discussed many problems. (at the meeting)②介词与从句中动词是一种习惯性搭配。
英语语法：如何使用“介词+关系代词”结构
【导语】定语从句在初中英语中的重要性主要体现在完形、阅读和写作中，因此，能否较好的掌握定语从句直接关系到你英语成绩的拔⾼。
其实，定语从句并不难，和⼀起来学吧。
对于“介词+关系代词”结构的使⽤，重点是要弄清其中的介词如何确定和判断。
归纳起来，有以下⼏点⽅法：1. 根据与定语从句中动词的搭配来确定介词。
如：Water is the natural medium in which fish live. ⽔是鱼类赖以⽣存的⾃然环境。
(注意搭配live in)The documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 他们找寻的⽂件已经找到了。
(注意搭配search for) This is a subject about which we might argue for a long while. 这是⼀个我们可能长时间争论的问题。
(注意搭配argue about)注意，对于那些由动词与介词构成的短语动词，通常不宜将它们拆开使⽤，此时应注意介词的位置应。
如：The boy (whom) my sister is looking after is getting better.不能说成：The boy after whom my sister is looking is getting better.2. 根据与定语从句中形容词的搭配来确定介词。
如：Physics is the subject in our school in which every student is interested. 物理是我们学校每个学⽣都很感兴趣的课程。
(注意搭配 be interested in)He referred me to some reference books with which I am not very familiar. 他我要去参考⼀些我不熟悉的参考书。
M1 U2 定语从句(介词+关系代词,关系副词引导的定语从句)
介词+关系代词及关系副词的用法一、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句多用于正式文体，使用的关系代词一般是which/whom，它既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。
1. “介词+ 关系代词”引导定语从句基本原则：“介词+ 关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which(物)和whom(人)，即：介词+which/ whom。
(1). 当介词放在关系代词的前面时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，关系代词不能省略。
(2). 当介词位于定语从句的末尾时，可用that/which(物)，that/whom/who(人)作介词的宾语，而且作介词宾语的关系代词往往省略。
This is the hero (that/ who/ whom) we are proud of. 这就是我们以之为豪的英雄。
2. “介词+关系代词”具体形式及其句法功能(1). “介词+ which”在关系分句中分别可作时间、地点和原因状语，代替相应的关系副词when, where 和why。
①I still remember the day on which (= when) I first came to school. 我仍然记得初来学校的那一天。
②The factory in which (= where) I work is a large one. 我工作的工厂是一个大厂子。
③This is the reason for which (= why )he was put in prison. 这就是他为什么被关起来的原因。
(2). “介词+ which（指物）/whom（指人）”在关系分句中作地点状语，表示存在关系，关系分句主谓常须倒装。
①They arrived at a farm house, in front of which sat a small boy. 他们来到一处农舍，前边坐着一个小男孩。
定语从句之介词加关系代词
to whom 10.This is Dr wang _____ ______ the computer belong .
11.Don’t bring the children to see of which the animals ____ ______ they are afraid.
from whom 12 .This is the teacher ____ _____ I borrow the book.
7.Is this the house _____ Shakespeare was born? A. at where B. which C. in which D. at which
8.The girl ____ whom you talked at the meeting is a college student. A. on B. at C. with D. in
介词+关系代词 一）________________ 引导的定语从句
1）The person whom I just now spoke to was our manager . to whom The person __________ _________ I just
now spoke was our manager .
介词+关系代词”中介词 如何选则这一难题，总结 出一套行之有效的秘诀： “一先二动三意义”。
“
1.It is a famous school _________he graduated 3 years ago. A from which B from that C in which D which 2.The chair _________he is sitting now is made of wood. A on which B in which C on that D that
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一行二动三意义10年来各地对定语从句的考查，越来越突出能力，通过一系列的增元、减员，前置等变段来考查。
定语从句中关于“+”引导定语从句时介词的选择则更是令众多考生十分的一大难题。
之所以难，主要在于难以选出合适的介词。
应对“介词+关系代词”中介词如何选则这一难题，笔者根据，总结出一套行之有效的秘诀：“一先二动三意义”。
一、一先，即先杀。
从先行词下手。
介词往往和先行词构成固定搭配。
杀题背景：当先行词往往是那些表示时间、地点、原因、方法、工具等的词时，它们与介词之间有一定的固定联系，多用这种方法。
（比如时间常和on; in、by搭配，地点常用on; in; at，原因用for, 方式用in; by; with等等） eg: The pencil _____C__he used to writeis . in whichB. by whichC. with whichD. with that解题：考的是“介词+关系代词”结构，关系代词指物的话用which,指人whom,先把D选项排除了。
剩下这三项选择哪个呢我们先从先行词下手，pencil是工具，介词搭配一般用with,选择C.【】Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ___A___ people were eaten by the tiger. （2005广东卷） A. in whichB. by which C. which解题：when 引导“在那个情景中，人被吃掉”。
先行词scene情景，场合，属于“时间，地点”类型的词。
符合我们杀题三部曲之第一部曲的杀题背景。
我们说在情景中，在场合下，搭配的介词是in ，in the scenes 选择 A .二、杀题第二部曲————二动。
即看中的结构。
根据从句中谓语动词的搭配选择合适的介词。
杀题背景：先行词没有明显可以固定搭配的介词，介词的选用与从句中结构的搭配有关。
eg: American women usually identify their best friend as someone__D__they can talk frequently.（2004卷）C. about whomD. with whom解析：先行词是someone，指人，而且作从句中talk 的宾语，马上在记忆库索匹配的关系代词，排除作主语的A选项。
再看B，我们已经知道as引导，也排除了。
剩下C, D.考查选择合适介词，符合杀题二部曲的背景。
先行词看不出来的。
根据从句中的谓语动词结构来判断。
与某人聊天用的是talk with somebody 。
答案出来了 D.【牛刀小试】The English play ___c___ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. （2004全国I）A. for whichB. at whichC. in whichD. on which 解析：主句是The English play was a great success。
在新年晚会上，我的学生们表演的英文剧取得了成功。
先行词是play，四个选项里关系代词都是表示物体的which,这没问题。
关键选哪个介词呢单从先行词身上判断不出来，我们就采取杀题第二部曲，从从句谓语动词的结构上下手。
act ，若表示扮演节目，要加上in.此处表演act in a play 。
介词in提前了，我们选择c.这道题是04年全国一卷的题。
三、第三部曲------通过判断主句表达的全部意义来确定合适的介词。
eg: He was educated at the local high school,_______ he went on to Beijing University. (2007卷33题)A．after which B. after that C. in which D. in that解析：正确答案为A。
这是个非限定性定语从句。
which 指代前面整个句子的情况。
句意为“在当地中学毕业后，他上了” ，介词选择after.四、特殊情况：介词of 常用于结构：表示部分的词语＋of＋关系代词表示部分的词语常见的有：不定代词all, both, none, neither, either, some, any, (含，，分数和百分数)；数词+名词；the +最高级/比较级，以及表示数目或数量的词语many, most, few, several, enough, half a, a quarter。
高考考例： 1. (2004卷) There aretwo buildings, ________ stands nearly a hundred feet high. A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which 解析：答案为D。
the larger of which指代the larger of the two buildings; B选项缺少一个。
2. (2004卷) The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _______ are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that 解析：答案为A。
80% of which 指代的是80% of the shoes。
本题意为：这家工厂每年生产的50万双鞋子有80%都是销往国外的。
不能用于“介词+关系代词的情况：含有介词的固定的一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等不能把介词提前。
eg: This is the watch which/that I am looking for.表语形容词表语是用来说明主语的性质,身份,特征和状态。
表语须和连系动词一起构成句子的复合谓语。
表语一般放在系动词之后。
表语可以由名词,形容词或起名词和形容词作用的词和短语担任。
表语是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词如be之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。
一般由名词，代词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词短语等充当。
My sister is a nurse.我姐姐是护士。
例子形容词可以分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，1) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。
例如：hot 热的。
2) 叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。
这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。
大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。
例如：afraid 害怕的。
（错） He is an ill man. （对） The man is ill. （错） She is an afraid girl. （对） The girl is afraid. 这类词还有： well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等。
所谓表语形容词，它指的是那些只用于连系动词后作表语，而不能用于名词前作定语的形容词。
英语中的表语形容词非常有限，归纳起来，主要有以下几类：一、某些以a-开头的形容词afraid 害怕的alive 活着的alone 单独的ashamed 羞愧的asleep 睡着的awake 醒着的alike 相似的请看实例：Don’t be afraid of it. 别怕。
Now the baby is asleep. 现在孩子睡着了。
He was alone in the house.他独自一人在家里。
若要用作定语且具有以上意义，可改用其他形容词：误：an asleep child，an ashamed girl， an alive poet 正：a sleeping child， a shy girl，a living poet 二、某些表示健康的形容词fine 健康的ill 有病的well 身体健康的请看实例：he was ill and couldn’t come．他病了，所以不能来。
“介词+关系代词”中介词的确定方法在有关定语从句的考查中，出来经常考查有关关系代词与关系副词的区别之外，还会经常考查到“介词+关系代词”的用法，而在这个结构中的考查的重点也是考生的难点则是如何确定介词。
下面就请同学们仔细阅读所给例句，然后总结出这个结构中介词的常见几种确定方法。
【方法一】a. I have many good friends, of whom Tom is the best.我有许多好朋友，汤姆是其中最好的。
b. I lost all the money, without which I couldn’t go to Beijing. 我把所有的钱都丢了，没了这些钱我无法去北京。
c. His dream to buy a house for his parents, for which he had worked hard many years, came true at last.他为父母买一所房子的梦想，为此他已经奋斗多年了，终于实现了。
【归纳】从上述例句中我们可以看出，在“介词+关系代词”中，介词的确定可以根据整个句意来决定。
【考例】1. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further, _______ New York is an example.(08 年四川) A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which 2. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ____ appeared a rare rainbow soon.(08 年福建) A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which 3. He was educated at the local high school, _____he went onto BeijingUniversity.(07 年江苏）A. after which B. after that答案：1—3：CDAC. in whichD. in that【方法二】a. My cat isn’t seen for several days, about which I’m worried a lot.已经好几天不见我的猫了，我非常担心它。