阅读理解—细节题、猜词题突破

第三讲细节理解题

一、提问方法

1.问对错

Which of the following is true/ not true? All the statements are true except _________

Which of the following statements is (not) mentioned in the passage?

2.问细节点Who, what, which, when, where, why, how 的提问。

3.问加工细节排序题:：Which is the right order of the events given in the passage?

计算题：对门票、学费等进行简单的计算。图形题：

二、解题方法 1. 审题——找到问题中的关键词；

1.定位——回到文章中进行定位；（注意：在阅读文章时要对关键词事先进行标记，以便审题后迅速定位）找关键词：关键词一般是醒目的词汇及实词，比如：数字、大写、人名、地名、时间状语、复合词、中文解释，标点符号(“”，—，下划线等)

找关键词三原则：(1)尽量避免用中心词和常用词作关键词。(2) 答案ABCD里有3-4个相同的词，一般是关键词。(3) 用关键词在文章中找到问题的出处，可能是关键词的重复或者是同反义词的转述。

出题点：强转折：两个虽然（although, while）三个但是（but, yet, however）

两个事实（in fact, actually）两个尽管（despite, in spite of）

强对比：other, on the other hand, today, now 强因果：because, since, for, so, thus, therefore, conclude

序数词、最高级并特别注意宾从、定从和状从！

细节事实题还要十分注意句子的非主干成分，如定语、状语、补语等，这些成分都是出题者常进行误导的落脚点。

2.分析理解，选项是哪个——排除法

错误选项有哪些？陷阱大揭密

较多量：many, most, lots of 较少量：little, few

特别警惕一个词only 文章中可能是多个，题干中说only 一个。

（2013 江苏盐城）Often a p rize is given to just one person，but not always. Sometimes a prize is shared．It may be given to two or more people who have worked together. It is also sometimes true that a prize is not given at all if there is no great achievement. In 1972, for example, no Nobel Peace Prize was given.

4. How many persons is a Noble Prize given to?

．B．Two persons．C．Only one person．D．Three persons

扩大/ 缩小概念范围：警惕everything, everywhere, everyone 比如常把something 换成everything

（2013 浙江嘉兴）Credit cards first became popular in the 1920s, At that time, businesses, such as hotels and companies, gave credit cards to their best customers (顾客). Unlike today's credit cards, customers could only use these cards at the Store or business that gave out the card. Customers had to pay for things in full. They couldn't pay for something a little at a time.

1. What can we know about the earlier credit cards from the passage?

A. They could be used everywhere.

B. Customers had to pay for things in full.

D. Everyone could get this kind of credit card.

原文中可能本是推测、可能、也许，而题干中换成必然、绝对(possibly, can, maybe——must, can’t, never) 或者在题干中加入了否定前缀。例如：文章中是happy, 而题干中换成了unhappy。

（2012 唐山）Some children feel it is very difficult to do their homework, because they can’t understand their teacher clearly, and can’t follow their teacher’s teaching process (过程). Maybe there is something wrong with their intelligence.

But some children’s intelligence is normal. They are even cleverer, but they don’t listen to the teacher