机电专业英语试题及答案

《机电专业英语》考试题一．翻译词汇mechatronic 机电一体化（技术）sensor传感器actuator执行元件，执行结构Feedback反馈deviation偏差hydraulic液压的machine tool机床几何建模geometric modelingjob-lot amount单批量maintenance维护pallet随行夹具robot机器人钻床，钻头drillLathe车床mill 铣床shaper牛头刨床planer龙门刨床grinder磨床tap攻丝pulley滑轮shaft轴bore 镗削screw螺杆tolerance公差torque转矩nut螺母spring弹簧键key bearing轴承coupling联结器clutch离合器diode二极管transistor三极管transistors 晶体管integrated circuit 集成电路chip 芯片capacitor 电容器resistor 电阻digital 数字（式）的lever杠杆Servomechanism伺服机构closed-loop闭环传动装置actuatorfollowing device随动装置troubleshoot故障排除二．汉译英1.机电一体化技术，电子学，机械学，智能数控，机器人学，信息技术，科学术语。

Mechatronics , electronics, mechanics, intelligent control, robotics. information technology ,scientific term .2.机电一体化技术广泛用于汽车工业、机械工业以及国防工业。

Mechatronics has been applying widely to auto industry, mechanical industry and nationaldefense industry.3.大多数的机加工主要是由五种基本的机床来完成。

More of the mechanical operations are commonly performed on five basic machine tools .4.伺服机构是一种闭环控制系统，系统中的控制变量是机械为主和运动。

A servomechanism is a closed-loop control system in which the controlled variable is mechanical position or motion .5.可编程控制器，中央处理单元，微处理器，继电器，可编程逻辑控制器，热电偶，传感器LogicProgrammable , relay , microprocessor , CPU , controller Programmable Controllers(PLC) , thermocouple , sensor6.在20世纪60年代的后期，发明了第一个可编程控制器，这是汽车工业在控制领域的第一场革命。

The first programmable controller was invented , in the late 1960s ; this is the first “revolutionary”in control field in automotive industry .翻译下列句子. 三1．Although a cam and follower may be designed for motion, path, or function generation,the majority of applications utilize the cam and follower for function generation.虽然可以把凸轮和它的从动件设计为用于运动变换，路径变换或者函数变换，但大多数用途是利用凸轮和它的从动件做函数变换。

2. In the case of a disk cam with a radial (in-line) translating roller follower the smallest circlethat can be drawn tangent to the cam surface and concentric with the camshaft is the base circle.对于一个对心直动滚子从动件盘形凸轮，可画出的与凸轮表面相切且与轮轴同心的最小圆是基圆3. Numerous applications in automatic machinery require intermittent motion. A typical example will call for a rise-dwell-return and perhaps another dwell period of a specified number ofdegrees each, together with a required follower displacement measured in centimeters or degrees.在自动化机械中的许多应用需要间歇运动。

一个典型的例子将要求一个含有上升一停歇一返回和可能另一个停歇的周期，每阶段经过一个指定的角度，伴随着一个所要求的从动件的位移，这个位移以厘米或度来度量。

4．Any two mating tooth profiles that satisfy the fundamental law of gearing are called conjugateprofiles.任何满足齿轮传动基本定律的一对相互啮合齿廓称之为共轭齿廓。

5. Although there are many tooth shapes possible in which a mating tooth could be designed tosatisfy the fundamental law, only two are in general use: the cycloidal and involute profiles.虽然可以设计出有很多齿廓来满足传动装置的基本定律，但通常所使用的只有两种：即摆线齿廓和渐开线齿廓。

6. Typical methods of fastening and joining parts include the use of such items as bolts, nuts,cap screws, setscrews, rivets, locking devices and keys.紧固和联结零部件的典型方法包含使用这些零件：螺栓，螺母，有头螺钉、定位螺钉，铆钉，锁紧装置和键。

7.Methods of joining parts are extremely important in the engineering of a quality design, and itis necessary to have a thorough understanding of the performance of fasteners and joints under allconditions of use and design.在质量设计工程中，联结零部件的方法非常重要，因此，彻底了解紧固零件和联结零件在所有使用和设计条件下的性能是非常必要的。

partsthe destructing without disassembled be can which desired is connection a When 8. assembled and which is strong enough to resist both external tensile load and shear load, or acombination of these, then the simple bolted joint using hardened washers is a good solution.当想要一个可以被拆开又不破坏被联接零件的联接时，而且这个联接又要有足够的强度以承受外拉力和剪力或这两种力的结合，使用淬火垫圈的简单螺栓联结是一个很好的方法。

9. The problem of the specialist in mechanical design is not how to design a rolling bearing but,rather, how to select one.在机械设计中，专家所面临的问题，不是如何设计轴承，而是如何挑选轴承。

10. The term antifriction bearing is used to describe that class of bearing in which the main loadis transferred through elements in rolling contact rather than in sliding contact.减摩轴承这个词被用于描述这样一类轴承，其主要载荷是通过滚动接触而不是滑动接触的元件传递的．四．翻译短文3. The four-bar linkage may take form of a so-called crank-rocker or a double-rocker or a double-crank (drag-link) linkage, depending on the range of motion of the two links connected to theground link. The input crank of a crank-rocker type can rotate continuously through 360, while theoutput link justocks (or oscillates). As a particular case, in a parallelogram linkage, where thelength of the input link equals that of the output link and the lengths of the coupler and the groundlink are also the same, both the input and output link may rotate entirely around or switch into a[1] Grashof's criteria states that the sum of crossed configuration called an antiparallelogram linkage.the shortest and longest links of a planar four-bar linkage cannot be greater than the sum of theremaining two links if there is to be continuous relative rotation between any two links.（四杆机构可具有一种称作曲柄摇杆机构的形式，一种双摇杆机构，一种双曲柄（拉杆）机构，致于称作哪一种形式的机构，取决于跟机架（固定构件）相连接的两杆的运动范围。