人教版高中英语选修八 Unit1 A land of diversity-词汇篇(学生版)

第1讲A land of diversity 词汇篇

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1.熟练掌握重点单词及其用法；

能够熟练运用重点短语和句型。

一. 重点词汇

1. distinction n.差别；区分；卓著

常用结构：

make a distinction between 对……加以区分

win a distinction for 因……而获功勋

without distinction 无差别地；一视同仁地

拓展:

distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的

be distinct in ...from ... 在某方面与……不同

He has a distinct gift for drawing.他有很明显的绘画天赋。

You should make your writing distinct. 你应该把字写清楚。

2. means n. 手段；方法（单数和复数形式相同）

常用结构：

by means of 用……办法；借助……

by all means 一定，务必；好的，当然可以

by no means 决不，一点也不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装）

by every means 用尽一切可能的办法

易混辨析

means/way/method

means指“方法、方式、工具”，着重于具体的手段（单复数形式相同）。

way指“一般的方法、方式或个人的特殊方法、方式”，与技巧或效果的好坏无关。

method指“有系统的、有效率的精心拟定的方法”，也可以指抽象概念“条理”。

a way to do sth.／a way of doing sth./a method of doing sth. 做……的方法

in this way/with the method/by this means 用这种／些方法

by the way 顺便问一下

on one’ s way to ... 在去……的路上

in the way 挡住路

注意:

means作主语且有every，each等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some，several，many，few等词

修饰时，谓语动词用复数。

Radio and television are important means of communication. 无线电和电视是重要的通信手段。Please find an alternative means of transport. 请另外找一种运输方式。

Every means has been tried. 每种方法都试过了。

All means have been tried. 所有方法都试过了。

She could not speak，but made her wishes known by means of signs.她不会说话，但她用手势表达了她的愿望。

3. majority n. 大多数；大半

A/The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health. 大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。

The majority was/were in favour of the proposal. 多数人赞成这个建议。

常用结构：

be in the/a majority 构成大部分/大多数

a majority over sb. 超过对方的票数

拓展:

major adj.&n. 较大的；主要的；主修，专攻

minority adj.&n.少数；少数民族；未成年

4. occur vi.发生；存在；出现

常用结构:

occur to (主意或想法突然)浮现于脑中；被想起，被想到

it occurs to sb. to do sth. 使某人想到做某事

it occurs to sb. that ... 某人想到……

Just then an idea occurred to me. 就在那时我想起了一个主意。

It suddenly occurred to me that I had left my umbrella upstairs.我突然想到我把伞忘在楼上了。

易混辨析

happen/occur/take place

happen是一般用语，尤其指偶然发生，表示“碰巧、恰好”的意思。

occur 文言意味较浓，常指某特定事物的发生，也可以表示某种想法出现在人的头脑中。

take place 指事先计划或预料到的“发生”，此外还有“举行”的意思。

New things are happening all around us. 新事物在我们周围不断发生。

The explosion occurred at 5:30 a.m. 爆炸发生在早上5点30分。

When will the basketball game take place? 篮球赛何时举行？

5. Indicate vt. 指出；标示；表明；暗示

I asked him where my sister was and he indicated the shop opposite. 我问他我姐姐在哪，他指了指对面的商店。

Research indicates that men find it easier to give up smoking than women. 研究显示男人比女人更容易