定语从句之重难点大全

定语从句之重难点大全

定语从句考点及热点问题

定语从句是中学英语学习的主要语法内容之一，也是高考英语的常考知识点。在历年的高考试题中，相对集中地考查了非限定性定语从句、关系代（副）词的用法、语义重复、主谓一致及“介词＋

which（whom）”等有关定语从句的知识。下面谈谈定语从句的主要考点及其热点问题。

一、非限定性定语从句。非限定性定语从句是出现频率最高的考点

1．引导非限定性定语从句时，只能用 which（不用that）。例如：She heard the terrible noise ，_______ brought her heart into her mouth．

A．it B．which C．this D．that

解析：which指代前面的先行词noise，引导非限定性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。

2．有时引导词which可以指前面整个句子的含义。例如：

Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play，________ , of course，made the others unhappy．

A．who B．which C．this D．what

3．除which外，还可用when，where, who（m）等关系代词、关系副词引导非限定性定语从句。例如：

Finally I decided to stay in Chong Qing，where I finished my college study．

4．在限定性定语从句中作宾语时，引导词可以省略，但引导非限定性定语从句的连词不能省。例如：

He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother，whom he loved as his own mother．

5．置于句首时，非限定性定语从句只能用as引导，而置于句末时as 和which都可用。例如：

_______ is known to all，China will be an ______ and powerful country in 20 or 30 years' time.

A．That；advancing B．This ；advanced

C．As；advanced D．It；advancing

答案是C。

但是当非限定性定语从句表示与前面的主句意义相反时，只能用which引导。例如：

The weather turned out to be very good，_________was more than we could expect．

A．what B．which C．that D．if

解析：答案是B，句中的more than的本意为“超过”，“超过了我的预料”即为“我没有预料到”。这里不能用as代替which。

二、先行词是表地点或时间的名词时，引导词的选择。例如：

After living in Paris for 50years he returned to the small town _________ he grew up as a child．

A．which B．where C．that D．when

解析：答案是B，因为表地点的先行词the small town在从句中作状语.

当表地点的先行词在从句中作主、宾、表语时，则要用that或which引导定语从句。例如：

①I visited the country which ／that had been bombed by the US-led NATO a month before .

②I shall never forget the years ______ I lived in the countryside with the farmers, ________ has a great effect on my life ．

A．that；which B．when；which

C．which；that D． when；who

③I'll never forget the years that／which I spent with my cousin in Australia．

解析：先行词the years在第②句中作时间状语，在第③句中作spent的宾语，此时引导词 that／which可省略。

三、“介词＋关系代词（which ／whom）”引导的定语从句。例如：

In the office I never seem to have time until after 5：30 pm _______ ，many people have gone home ．

A．whose time B．that

C．on which D．by which time

解析：答案是D，by which time即by“after 5：30”“到五点三十分以后”。

介词的选择，取决于这个介词与先行词或从句之间的关系。又如：Lei Feng, from whom we have once learned a lot，is now an example to the soldiers of West Point Military School（西点军校）of America．

解析;关系代词前的介词from，与从句的谓语动词learn构成习惯表达learn from（向……学习）。

四、语义的重复。例如：

He made another wonderful discovery，__________ of great importance to science ．

A．which I think is B．which I think it is

C．which I think it D．I think is

解析：答案是A。选项B重复了宾语it，因为关系代词which是think的逻辑宾语；此外，引导非限定性定语从句的连词不能省略，故选项D也不对。

五、“介词＋whom”引导的定语从句与 who ／whom引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时的区别。

试比较：

1、It was a matter of ____ would take the position．

A．who B．whoever C．whom D．whomever

2、Kennedy and Johnson，both of were murde red in their terms，once coworked as president and vice -president．

A．who B．whoever C．whom D．whomever

解析：答案分别为A和C。前者是宾语从句，who引导的整个宾语从句作介词of的宾语，同时who在从句中作主语，所以不能用whom引导。后者是定语从句，whom作介词of的宾语（所以不能用who引导），构成介、宾结构，作both的定语，而both才是定语从句的主语。

六、定语从句中的主谓一致问题。

试比较：

1、The Oscar is the only one of the film prizes ______ offered to any Chinese actor or actress by far．

2、 The Oscar is one of the film prizes _______ offered to any Chinese actor or actress by far．

A．which is on B．that have not been

C．that has not D．that has not been

解析：答案分别是D和B。前一例的先行词是the only one，且指代它的引导词在从句中作主语，故从句的谓语动词必须用单数；又因先行词one被only修饰，所以只能用that引导。当one没有被the only或the very等修饰时，则介词of后面的the film prize s是先行词，从句中的谓语动词就