国际音标元音部分学案(发音规则 示例单词)

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【单元音】

/i:/ （嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵下齿，嘴角向两边张开，流露出微笑表情）

we me see eat tea bee(蜜蜂) beat(敲打) read please teacher reason succeed

/I/ （嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，嘴形扁平，干脆利落）

sit bit fit pig kiss miss fish wish city visit limit begin desire return

/ɑ:/ (口腔打开，嘴张大，舌身放平，舌尖不抵下齿，下巴放低，轻松发音, “阿”)

arm art car hard bath class glass march after father market basket

/ɒ/ (口腔打开，嘴张大，舌向后缩，双唇稍收圆)

top shop what hot god wash cost lost stop

/ʌ/ (嘴唇微微张开伸向两边，舌尖轻触下齿，唇后部稍稍抬起)

up cup cut bud does such some luck love color mother couple money

/ɔ:/ (双唇收得小而圆，并向前突出，舌身往后缩)

saw law ought bought talk sort (种类) ball (球，舞会) force horse

/ɜ:/ (嘴形扁平，上下齿微微张开，舌身放平，舌中部稍抬起)

sir her shirt hurt bird word nurse First come, first served. （先到先得）

/ə/ (短元音，嘴唇微微张开，舌身放平，舌中部稍微抬起，口腔自然放松发声) “么”的韵母ago again agree about fever teacher worker father other never

/u:/ (嘴形小而圆，微微外凸，舌头尽量后缩)

too do who you food fool June moon blue future

/ʊ/ (嘴唇张开略向前突出，嘴形稍收圆并放松些)

put foot cook look book took good could should would push pull /e/ (嘴形扁平，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起)

get wet bed dead egg beg pen ten send best any many ever never

/æ/ 嘴张大，舌尖抵下齿，嘴角尽量拉向两边，成扁平形（梅花音，舌位最低口形最大的前元音）cap map fat hat bad mad back gas carry marry happy fancy family

【双元音】

/eɪ/ (先发/e/音，再向/ɪ/滑动，口形由半开到合，与字母A发音相同)

pay day way late wait cake take made

/aɪ/ (由/a/和/ɪ/两个单音组成，前重后轻，口形由开到合，与字母i的发音相同)

eye die buy why high life kind like

/ɔɪ/ (由/ɔ/和/ɪ/两个单音组成，前重后轻，双唇由圆到扁，口形从开到合)

boy toy joy voice enjoy

/aʊ/ (由/a/和/ʊ/两个单音组成，/a/重读，/ʊ/轻读，口形由大到小)

now out doubt house shout town

/əʊ/ (由/ə/和/ʊ/ 两个单音组成，/əʊ/的发音也是一个过程，口形由半开到小，与字母O的发音相同) oh go so no show hope boat coat home

/ɪə/ (由/ɪ/和/ə/两个单音组成，前重后轻，双唇始终半开)

ear tear dear fear near hear idea

/eə/ (由/e/和/ə/两个单音组成，前重后轻，舌端抵下齿，双唇半开) air pair bear care fair share hair spare

/ʊə/ (由/ʊ/和/ə/两个单音组成，前重后轻，嘴唇由收圆到半开) poor sure pure cure fewer