计算机英语课件---Unit-1
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计算机组成与结构体系英文课件：Chapter 8 – The Memory System - 1
Big-endian Assignment In this assignment, the lower byte addresses are used for the more significant bytes (the leftmost bytes) of the word. Example: Big-endian assignment for 32-bit word-length byte-addressable memory.
Big-endian assignment
Little-endian assignment
The Memory System Overview (8)
Memory Locations and Addresses (ctd.)
Little-endian Assignment (ctd.)
Note: In both cases, byte addresses 0, 4, 8, …, are taken as the addresses of successive words in the memory and are the addresses used when specifying memory operations for words.
Internal Memory (Primary Storage)
Internal to the system, directly accessible by the processor.
Example: Main Memory, Cache, Processor Registers
External Memory (Secondary Storage)
External to the system, accessible by the processor via an I/O module.
Big-endian assignment
Little-endian assignment
The Memory System Overview (8)
Memory Locations and Addresses (ctd.)
Little-endian Assignment (ctd.)
Note: In both cases, byte addresses 0, 4, 8, …, are taken as the addresses of successive words in the memory and are the addresses used when specifying memory operations for words.
Internal Memory (Primary Storage)
Internal to the system, directly accessible by the processor.
Example: Main Memory, Cache, Processor Registers
External Memory (Secondary Storage)
External to the system, accessible by the processor via an I/O module.
E英语教程2Unit1 ppt课件
computers
athlete/personal trainer/bodyguard
traveling
judge / policeman / lawyer
Passage A
When I Grow Up
Passage A
In kindergarten, my class was asked, “What do you want to be when you grow up?” Crayons danced across sheets of paper to illustrate our dream jobs. Our drawings were hung in the hall way for our parents to see at Back to School Night. I remember looking down the line and seeing pictures of ballet dancers dancing, firefighters putting out a big fire, and spacemen leaping across the moon—jobs that were seen as typical dreams of five-year-olds.
----John Lennon
五岁时，妈妈告诉我，人生的关键在于快乐。”。他们告诉我，我理解错 了题目，我告诉他们，他们理解错了人生。
——约翰·列侬
Passage A
Pre-reading questions
1. Match the interest areas in the left column with the possible careers in the right column.
英语第二册第三版课件Unit 1 lesson 3
历史书 环球航行 收集证据
1.Christopher Columbus（克里斯托夫·哥伦布）（1450— 1506）：意大利探险家、殖民 者、航海家，曾到达巴哈马 群岛、大小安的列斯群岛、加勒比海岸以及中美洲。其航 海成为 欧洲与美洲接触的开端。 2.Ferdinand Magellan（费迪南德·麦哲伦）（1480— 1521）：葡萄牙探险家、航海家、殖民者。在 1519— 1522 年的环球航行途中死于菲律宾部落冲突，船上的水手 在他死后继续向西航行，回到欧洲，完成了人类首次环球 航行。
n. 假日，节日 ad. 在国外， 到海外
prep.在…… 的期间
in the end
最后
dis-
e.g. like → ( dislike ) → ( 不喜欢 )
1. believe → (
)→ (
)
2. allow → (
)→ (
)
3. connect → (
)→ (
)
4. cover → (
find & discover
找到，发现
◆ find 通常表示丢失或失落后重新找到或发现。
They found the boy in a wood. 他们在小树林里找到了这个男 孩。
They had been looking for him for weeks before they found him. 他们找了几个星期才找到他。
v. 航海；（船） 开往，驶向
n. 军官，官员/a. 皇家的/n. 海军/n. 航海/v. 收集，集 合/n. 证据
set off sail round arrive in
出发，启航 围绕……航行 到达
P19-P20
Unit_1_英语读写教程课件_1_
Detailed Analysis of the Text
1. Under the leadership of the Party, we have opened up the path of Chinese socialism, formed its theoretical framework, established its system, developed its culture, and brought it into a new era. (Para. 1)
movement which left a lasting legacy in modern Chinese history. Choose one aspect of the legacy that you consider most relevant to China today, and explain why. 2. President Xi has mentioned the concept of the Chinese Dream in the text several times and on many other occasions. Do some research and explain what this conห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ept means. 3. In your opinion, which aspect of the text is the most thought-provoking? Why?
1
Unit
The Mission of Chinese Youths
Lead-in
Read and Respond
Detailed Analysis of the Text
Unit(1)Relationships高频词汇知识点课件高中英语北师大新版选择性
用法归纳 ①hold/make/give a presentation about...做关于……的报告 ②the/a presentation of sth.关于……的表演/演出/颁发
词汇拓展
①present vt.(尤指在正式场合)颁发,授予;赠送;提交 present sb. with sth.=present sth. to sb.给某人颁发某物;把某物颁发给某人 •The headmaster presented the winner with the award.校长给获胜者颁奖。 ②present adj.现在的,目前的; 出席的,在场的 be present at到场,出席 the present situation当前的形势 ③present n.现在;礼物 at present目前,现在 for the present暂时
词汇 4 | for the first time初次,第一次
用法归纳 for the first time表示“初次,第一次”,是介词短语,一般在句中作 状语 。 词汇拓展
the first time意为“第一次”,是名词短语,用法如下: ①可引导时间状语从句。 •I fell in love with the library the first time I saw it.第一次看到这个图书馆时,我就喜欢上了它。 ②可用于This/That/It is/was the first time that...句型中,that从句多用完成时态。主句为一般 现在时,that从句用现在完成时;主句为一般过去时,that从句用过去完成时。 •This is the first time that they’ve ever come to England.这是他们第一次来英国。 ③还可接that或when引导的定语从句,that、when可省略。
词汇拓展
①present vt.(尤指在正式场合)颁发,授予;赠送;提交 present sb. with sth.=present sth. to sb.给某人颁发某物;把某物颁发给某人 •The headmaster presented the winner with the award.校长给获胜者颁奖。 ②present adj.现在的,目前的; 出席的,在场的 be present at到场,出席 the present situation当前的形势 ③present n.现在;礼物 at present目前,现在 for the present暂时
词汇 4 | for the first time初次,第一次
用法归纳 for the first time表示“初次,第一次”,是介词短语,一般在句中作 状语 。 词汇拓展
the first time意为“第一次”,是名词短语,用法如下: ①可引导时间状语从句。 •I fell in love with the library the first time I saw it.第一次看到这个图书馆时,我就喜欢上了它。 ②可用于This/That/It is/was the first time that...句型中,that从句多用完成时态。主句为一般 现在时,that从句用现在完成时;主句为一般过去时,that从句用过去完成时。 •This is the first time that they’ve ever come to England.这是他们第一次来英国。 ③还可接that或when引导的定语从句,that、when可省略。
北师大版高中英语必修2教学课件：Unit4CyberspaceLesson1Tomorrow'sWorld(共87张PPT)
B. there is no worry about the future of the ○Internet
C. we can do many things through the Internet without going outside
D. we can live in virtual reality completely
C.Terrorists may make planes crash. D. People may damage the world’s computers.
3. The second paragraph mainly tells
us
.
4. Which of the following statements is WRONG? ○A. With the development of computers，our lives may change in shopping and communicating ways.
C. TV has been replaced by computers
D. all the people are glad about the future of the Internet
Ⅱ 语法填空（根据课文内容，依据语法规则完成短文）
The Future of Cyberspace
has grown
to focus mainly on the written text. 在一本带有大量图画和
表格的书里，我很可能主要注意书面文字。
◆要点必记
be likely to do sth. 很可能做某事
It is likely that... 很可能……
It’s more likely that... 更可能……
中职英语高教版2023基础模块1 Unit 7 The Internet 课件63张
中职英语高教版（2023）基础模块1 Unit 7 The Internet 课件（63张）(共65张PPT)根据自身的经历来表达你们对互联网的看法Discussion.信息茧房：“你的兴趣为你造了一间房子“，通俗来说，人们倾向于关注自己感兴趣的内容，然后平台就不停的给你推送，久而久之你就关在自己的信息房子里了。
沉迷：刷短视频会让人忘记时间。
离不开手机涣散：你们是否感觉越来越没有耐心？因为我们的注意力变得越来越涣散。
短视频让我们无法接受长时间地观看视频或书籍等。
The InternetUnit 7英语1 基础模块The internet互联网，英文名为Internet，又称网际网络，根据音译也被叫做因特网(Internet)、英特网，是网络与网络之间所串连成的庞大网络。
这些网络以一组通用的协议相连，形成逻辑上的单一且巨大的全球化网络，在这个网络中有交换机、路由器等网络设备、各种不同的连接链路、种类繁多的服务器和数不尽的计算机、终端。
使用互联网可以将信息瞬间发送到千里之外的人手中，它是信息社会的基础。
understand information about the Internetdescribe advantages of the Internetexchange information about online activitieswrite about how to use the Internet wiselyLearning Objectiveslearn more about making good use of the Internet01词汇课02听说课03语法课04阅读课05练习课01词汇课Words and Expressions新鲜的蔬菜清新的空气fresh vegetablefresh air面试官给面试者打了一个电话。
The interviewer calls/called the interviewee.The interviewer gives/gave the interviewee a call.这个运动员很受大众的喜爱。
大学英语-第一单元-Unit-1-Hello--Hi!ppt课件
1 Task: Meet Prof. Waters at the airport.
2 Task: Exchange business cards with Mr. Green.
3 Task: Introduce an English teacher to your classmate.
4 Task: Greet your business partner, Mr. Johnson, at a trade fair.
Following Sample Dialogues Imitate and Perform
Putting Language to Use
.
Speak and Complete Speak and Communicate
Unit | One
SECTION I Talking Face to Face
Jack: Thank you. Here is my business card.
Li Tiegang: Thanks. This is mine.
.
Unit | One
2) Meeting People Again Lu Yang: Hi, long time no see, Mike. Do you remember me? Michael: Oh, it's you, Professor Lu. How nice to see you again. How are you? Lu Yang: Very well, thank you. How is your project? Michael: It's going fine. I'm here to present the project report. Lu Yang: Good. I'm also here for the conference. Michael: Really? It's a small world.
2 Task: Exchange business cards with Mr. Green.
3 Task: Introduce an English teacher to your classmate.
4 Task: Greet your business partner, Mr. Johnson, at a trade fair.
Following Sample Dialogues Imitate and Perform
Putting Language to Use
.
Speak and Complete Speak and Communicate
Unit | One
SECTION I Talking Face to Face
Jack: Thank you. Here is my business card.
Li Tiegang: Thanks. This is mine.
.
Unit | One
2) Meeting People Again Lu Yang: Hi, long time no see, Mike. Do you remember me? Michael: Oh, it's you, Professor Lu. How nice to see you again. How are you? Lu Yang: Very well, thank you. How is your project? Michael: It's going fine. I'm here to present the project report. Lu Yang: Good. I'm also here for the conference. Michael: Really? It's a small world.
学术英语(理工类)_Unit1-2-3-4-5全539页
– Make sure you have all the latest patches for
your operating system and applications; – Make sure your password is complex; – Consider getting a hardware firewall and
Sustainable Development of Chinese Big Cities from the Biological Perspective
第六页，编辑于星期五：十二点 三十二分。
Unit 1 Choosing a Topic
1 Deciding on a topic
Topics Global Warming Cancer
new virus definitions available;
– Back up your data.
第十四页，编辑于星期五：十二点 三十二分。
Unit 1 Choosing a Topic
1 Deciding on a topic
Enhancing your academic language
limiting the flow of data to and from the Internet to only the few select ports you
actually need;
– Make sure your anti-virus software is up-to-
date and check frequently to see if there are
7 start with a pretty straightforward (直截了当) question
your operating system and applications; – Make sure your password is complex; – Consider getting a hardware firewall and
Sustainable Development of Chinese Big Cities from the Biological Perspective
第六页，编辑于星期五：十二点 三十二分。
Unit 1 Choosing a Topic
1 Deciding on a topic
Topics Global Warming Cancer
new virus definitions available;
– Back up your data.
第十四页，编辑于星期五：十二点 三十二分。
Unit 1 Choosing a Topic
1 Deciding on a topic
Enhancing your academic language
limiting the flow of data to and from the Internet to only the few select ports you
actually need;
– Make sure your anti-virus software is up-to-
date and check frequently to see if there are
7 start with a pretty straightforward (直截了当) question
unit 1大学英语视听说课件第一册
Book 1 – Unit 1
Section One
Dialogue 4 A) He has no idea about it. B) He’s quite interested in it. C) He enjoys it. D) He doesn’t like it.
Intensive Listening
√
B) David’s teacher. D) David’s friend.
4. How long has David played soccer? A) One year. B) Few years. C) Two years. D) Many years.
√
good5. Why do they have to say good-bye to Miss Smith? A) Because they will have a party. B) Because they will have a soccer match. C) Because they will attend a class. D) Because they will watch a play.
Book 1 – Unit 1
Section One
Dialogue 2
Intensive Listening
√
A) Interesting. C) All right.
B) Uninteresting. D) Too bad.
M: How's life, Kate? All right? W: Yes, not too bad, thanks. I’m a bit fed up with （厌倦） revising though. Are you? Question: How does the woman think of her life?
Section One
Dialogue 4 A) He has no idea about it. B) He’s quite interested in it. C) He enjoys it. D) He doesn’t like it.
Intensive Listening
√
B) David’s teacher. D) David’s friend.
4. How long has David played soccer? A) One year. B) Few years. C) Two years. D) Many years.
√
good5. Why do they have to say good-bye to Miss Smith? A) Because they will have a party. B) Because they will have a soccer match. C) Because they will attend a class. D) Because they will watch a play.
Book 1 – Unit 1
Section One
Dialogue 2
Intensive Listening
√
A) Interesting. C) All right.
B) Uninteresting. D) Too bad.
M: How's life, Kate? All right? W: Yes, not too bad, thanks. I’m a bit fed up with （厌倦） revising though. Are you? Question: How does the woman think of her life?
计算机英语课件_Unit 1 What Is A Computer
1、知识点： （1）lots of 许多；大量
例：Only when you have lots of money will everything be all right. 只有当你拥有很多钱的时候，所有的事情才会好起来。
（2）think of as 2、句子结构：
把…看作
例：For a long time the earth is think of as flat. 过去很长时间地球被认为是扁平的。
【学习难点】
掌握计算机分类的术语和理解英文地址的表达方式。
Project One: Computer Basics
3
返回
导学新课
【导学新课】
根据导学图的提示或你的经验，简述“什么是计 算机？”
Project One: Computer Basics
4
返回
Text: What Is A Computer?
例：Britain would be classified as third world country, soon . 英国很快就要被划归为第三世界国家了。
（2）either …or…
二者择一的；要么…要么…
例：Either save or print the obtained results, to use as you require. 保存或打印获得的结果，以便您根据需要使用。
8
Text: What Is A Computer?
学习课文---P3 (通译全文，分析难句):
P4 第11行：Anything you buy for your computer can be classified as either hardware or software.
例：Only when you have lots of money will everything be all right. 只有当你拥有很多钱的时候，所有的事情才会好起来。
（2）think of as 2、句子结构：
把…看作
例：For a long time the earth is think of as flat. 过去很长时间地球被认为是扁平的。
【学习难点】
掌握计算机分类的术语和理解英文地址的表达方式。
Project One: Computer Basics
3
返回
导学新课
【导学新课】
根据导学图的提示或你的经验，简述“什么是计 算机？”
Project One: Computer Basics
4
返回
Text: What Is A Computer?
例：Britain would be classified as third world country, soon . 英国很快就要被划归为第三世界国家了。
（2）either …or…
二者择一的；要么…要么…
例：Either save or print the obtained results, to use as you require. 保存或打印获得的结果，以便您根据需要使用。
8
Text: What Is A Computer?
学习课文---P3 (通译全文，分析难句):
P4 第11行：Anything you buy for your computer can be classified as either hardware or software.
精品课件-电子与通信工程专业英语(李瑞欣)-第1章
(3) The encoding of these symbols in a form that is suitable for transmission over a physical medium of interest.
(4) The transmission of the encoded symbols to the desired destination.
1
Unit 1 The Communication Process
NEW WORDS AND PHRASES NOTES
EXERCISES 参考译文 EXTENSIVE TEXT
2
Today, communication enters our daily lives in so many different ways that it is very easy to overlook the multitude of its facets. The telephones at our hands, the radios and televisions in our living rooms, the computer terminals with access to the Internet in our offices and homes, and our newspapers are all capable of providing rapid communications from every corner of the globe. Communication provides the sense for ships on the high seas, aircraft in flight, and rockets and satellite in space.
(4) The transmission of the encoded symbols to the desired destination.
1
Unit 1 The Communication Process
NEW WORDS AND PHRASES NOTES
EXERCISES 参考译文 EXTENSIVE TEXT
2
Today, communication enters our daily lives in so many different ways that it is very easy to overlook the multitude of its facets. The telephones at our hands, the radios and televisions in our living rooms, the computer terminals with access to the Internet in our offices and homes, and our newspapers are all capable of providing rapid communications from every corner of the globe. Communication provides the sense for ships on the high seas, aircraft in flight, and rockets and satellite in space.
【名校课堂】八年级英语上册 Unit 6 I’m going to study computer science(第1课时)课件.ppt
enough rain. 由于雨水充足, 这儿的蔬菜长势很好。 2. grow作及物动词，意为“种植”。 They grew many trees on both sides of
the road. 他们在路的两边种了很多树。
3. grow up 长大；成长
He grew up in the countryside. 他在农村长大。
1a
Do you think these jobs are interesting? Rank them [1-12] (1 is most interesting,
12 is least interesting).
My opinions about jobs
exciting boring easy difficult interesting
a. takeacting lessons b. studycomputsecrience c. practicbeasketbeavllery
day d. study math really
hard
1c
How are you going to do that?
I’m going to
study computer science (计算机科学）
computer programmer; basketball player; airline pilot; engineer; teacher; actor
根据情景，填入恰当的句子完成对话。
• Jim: Linda, 1 what do you want to be when you grow up ?
Name
What
How
A: What are you going to be when you grow up? B: I’m going to be a / an … A: How are you going to do that? B: I’m going to …
the road. 他们在路的两边种了很多树。
3. grow up 长大；成长
He grew up in the countryside. 他在农村长大。
1a
Do you think these jobs are interesting? Rank them [1-12] (1 is most interesting,
12 is least interesting).
My opinions about jobs
exciting boring easy difficult interesting
a. takeacting lessons b. studycomputsecrience c. practicbeasketbeavllery
day d. study math really
hard
1c
How are you going to do that?
I’m going to
study computer science (计算机科学）
computer programmer; basketball player; airline pilot; engineer; teacher; actor
根据情景，填入恰当的句子完成对话。
• Jim: Linda, 1 what do you want to be when you grow up ?
Name
What
How
A: What are you going to be when you grow up? B: I’m going to be a / an … A: How are you going to do that? B: I’m going to …
新时代职业英语《-通用英语1》教学课件U1
Li Hua: Well, that’s nice. But I am more interested in indoor (3) h_o__b_b_ie_s___. I have just heard there will be an arts and crafts (4) _e_x_h_i_b_it_i_o_n starting next week, and I want to see it.
Extreme ironing What would you do if you were ironing and a friend asked you to come rock climbing? Phil Shaw was in this situation. He chose to go climbing, taking his iron with him, and a new hobby was born. Extreme ironing has now spread around the world. People iron their shirts on kayaks, mountaintops, and even in the middle of skydiving.
board game 棋类游戏
E.g.
After a glass of bubbly, we sit by the fire and play board games. 喝了一杯香槟后，我们坐在火炉旁玩棋盘游戏。
words and expressions
Reading Unusual ways to pass the time
Creating the world’s largest ball of paint The work of an interior decorator can be challenging, but there are always ways to have a little fun. Back in 1977, Mike Carmichael decided to paint a baseball. Covered with more than 22,000 coats of paint, the ball weighs over 1,500 kilograms. People from all around the world have come to add a coat of paint to the ball, which is even mentioned in Guinness World Records.
Extreme ironing What would you do if you were ironing and a friend asked you to come rock climbing? Phil Shaw was in this situation. He chose to go climbing, taking his iron with him, and a new hobby was born. Extreme ironing has now spread around the world. People iron their shirts on kayaks, mountaintops, and even in the middle of skydiving.
board game 棋类游戏
E.g.
After a glass of bubbly, we sit by the fire and play board games. 喝了一杯香槟后，我们坐在火炉旁玩棋盘游戏。
words and expressions
Reading Unusual ways to pass the time
Creating the world’s largest ball of paint The work of an interior decorator can be challenging, but there are always ways to have a little fun. Back in 1977, Mike Carmichael decided to paint a baseball. Covered with more than 22,000 coats of paint, the ball weighs over 1,500 kilograms. People from all around the world have come to add a coat of paint to the ball, which is even mentioned in Guinness World Records.
Starter Units 1-3 单元复习课件
9.我 _____I_____
10.健康的；美好的 __f_i_n_e_____
11.感谢；谢谢 __t_h_a__n_k_s___ 12.好；可以 ___O__K_______
13.什么 ___w__h_a_t_____
14.是 ___i_s________
15.这；这个 __t_h__is____
A: K-E-Y. B: (5) __E______ A: It’s white.
A.I’m Eric. B.What’s that in English, Eric? C.Spell it, please. D.Hi, Eric! E.What color is it? F.I’m fine, too.
(3)零冠词的用法：一般来说，在专有名词、复数名词、不可 数名词前不使用冠词，如：I like ice-cream.
二 be动词的用法
用法口诀： I (我)用am， you（你）用are， is用于he, she, it（他，她，它）。 单数名词用is，复数一律要用are。
e.g. I am Gina. 我叫吉娜。 She is Linda. 她叫琳达。 His name is Bob. 他的名字叫鲍勃。 Are you Li Fang? 你叫李芳吗？
4.它是一个橙子。 It is ___a_n____ __o__ra__n_g_e____.
5.那个杯子是棕色的。 The __c_u_p____ is _b__r_o_w__n_____.
四、过交际 一、将下列对话补充完整。
1. A: Good morning, Alice! B: _G__o_o_d__m__o_r_n_i_n_g_, Mike! 2. A: Hello, Kate! B: __H_e_l_lo__/H__i__, Helen! 3. A: How are you, Bob? B: I__a_m__f_in__e_,t_h_a_n__k_s_/t_h_a__n_k_y__o_u__.
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Unit 1 My Computer
Introduction (3)
Different types and sizes of computers find uses throughout society in the storage and handling of data(数据存储与处理), from secret government files to banking transactions to private household accounts.
Unit 1 My Computer
History （2） - Electronic computers – the ENIAC
It was the first general-purpose(通用的), digital(数字式) computing machine and was capable of performing thousands of operations per second. However it did not have a stored-program(存储程序).
像ENIAC或UNIVAV这样的大计算机称作大型 机或主机。
Unit 1 My Computer
History （3）
First-Generation Computers: 1951~1958 First generation computers were
characterized by the use of vacuum tube(真空管) as their principal(主要的) electronic component(元件). 第一代计算机以使用真空管为其主要电子元件 为特征。
英国数学家和发明家查尔斯·巴比奇提出了现 代数字计算机的原理。
Unit 1 My Computer
History （1） - The Analytical Engine 分析机
One of Babbage’s designs, the Analytical Engine, had many features(特征) of a
Unit 1 My Computer
History （3）
Second-Generation Computer: 1959~1963 The use of the transistor(晶体管) in
computers in the late 1950s marked the advent of smaller, faster and more versatile logical elements than were possible with vacuum-tube machines. 50年代后期在计算机中使用晶体管标志着比 真空管机器更小，更快，更多样化的逻辑元件 的出现。
Unit 1 My Computer
Introduction （1）
A computer is an electronic device that can receive a set of instructions, or program, and then carry out this program by performing calculations on numerical data or by manipulating other forms of information.
modern computer.
巴比奇的一个设计叫做分析机，它具有现代计 算机的许多特征。
– Input stream – Store
Input Memory
输入 内存
– Mill
CPU
中央处理器
– Printer
Output
输出
Unit 1 My Computer
History （2）
- Electronic computers – the ENIAC
输入设备
Output device
输出设备
Vacuum tube
真空管
Tr型集成电路
VLSI
超大型集成电路
Unit 1 My Computer
Introduction （1）
A computer is an electronic device that can receive a set of instructions(指令), or program(程序), and then carry out (执行) this program by performing calculations on numerical data(数据) or by manipulating other forms of information.
Unit 1 My Computer
New Words & Expressions （新的词汇与表达）
Program
程序
– 运行程序 execute (run) a program
Automation
自动化
Database
数据库
Computer Networks 计算机网络
Privacy
这些指令，跟数据一样，也存储在内存里。这样计算 机在执行时摆脱纸带阅读器的速度限制，使得不用给 计算机重新导线问题也可以得到解决。
Unit 1 My Computer
History （2） - Electronic computers – the UNIVAC
UNIVAC I was the first computer used by business and was used in the Census Bureau in 1951. Here is where the categorization of four generations of digital computers began.
Unit 1 My Computer
History （3）
The Third-Generation Computers: 1964~1970
Late in the 1960s the integrated circuit, or IC, was introduced, making it possible for many transistors to be fabricated on one silicon substrate, with interconnecting wires plated in place. The IC resulted in a further reduction in price, size and failure rate.
UNIVAC 是第一台商业计算机，被用于美国 1951的人口普查。四代电子计算机的分类就 是从这里开始的。
Unit 1 My Computer
History （2） - Electronic computers
Big computers like ENIAC and UNIVAC were called mainframes(大型机/主机).
从政府的机密文件，到银行交易，再到个人家 庭帐户，各种类型和大小的计算机被用于社会 的各个部分，进行数据的存储和处理。
Unit 1 My Computer
History
1. The analytical Engine
分析机
2. Electronic Computers
电子计算机
3. Four generations of electronic computers.
四代电子计算机
Unit 1 My Computer
History （1） - The Analytical Engine 分析机
In the 19th century, the British mathematician and inventor Charles Babbage worked out the principles of the modern digital computer.
Unit 1 My Computer
Introduction （2）
The modern world of high technology could not have come about except for the development of the computer.
如果没有计算机的发展,现代高科技的世界是 不可能产生的.
The ENIAC – Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer.
ENIAC – 电子数字集成器及计算机 The ENIAC was huge. It was as big as a house. it
weighted 30 tons and contained 18000 vacuum tubes. ENIAC 非常庞大 – 有一个房子那么大。它重30吨， 包括18000 个真空管。
计算机是一种电子设备。它能接受一套指令或 程序,然后通过对数值数据进行运算或者对其他 形式的信息进行处理来执行该程序。
Unit 1 My Computer
Introduction (2)
The modern world of high technology could not have come about(发生) except for(如果没 有) the development of the computer.
Unit 1 My Computer
Introduction （4）
Different types and sizes of computers find uses throughout society in the storage and handling of data, from secret government files to banking transactions to private household accounts.
Introduction (3)
Different types and sizes of computers find uses throughout society in the storage and handling of data(数据存储与处理), from secret government files to banking transactions to private household accounts.
Unit 1 My Computer
History （2） - Electronic computers – the ENIAC
It was the first general-purpose(通用的), digital(数字式) computing machine and was capable of performing thousands of operations per second. However it did not have a stored-program(存储程序).
像ENIAC或UNIVAV这样的大计算机称作大型 机或主机。
Unit 1 My Computer
History （3）
First-Generation Computers: 1951~1958 First generation computers were
characterized by the use of vacuum tube(真空管) as their principal(主要的) electronic component(元件). 第一代计算机以使用真空管为其主要电子元件 为特征。
英国数学家和发明家查尔斯·巴比奇提出了现 代数字计算机的原理。
Unit 1 My Computer
History （1） - The Analytical Engine 分析机
One of Babbage’s designs, the Analytical Engine, had many features(特征) of a
Unit 1 My Computer
History （3）
Second-Generation Computer: 1959~1963 The use of the transistor(晶体管) in
computers in the late 1950s marked the advent of smaller, faster and more versatile logical elements than were possible with vacuum-tube machines. 50年代后期在计算机中使用晶体管标志着比 真空管机器更小，更快，更多样化的逻辑元件 的出现。
Unit 1 My Computer
Introduction （1）
A computer is an electronic device that can receive a set of instructions, or program, and then carry out this program by performing calculations on numerical data or by manipulating other forms of information.
modern computer.
巴比奇的一个设计叫做分析机，它具有现代计 算机的许多特征。
– Input stream – Store
Input Memory
输入 内存
– Mill
CPU
中央处理器
– Printer
Output
输出
Unit 1 My Computer
History （2）
- Electronic computers – the ENIAC
输入设备
Output device
输出设备
Vacuum tube
真空管
Tr型集成电路
VLSI
超大型集成电路
Unit 1 My Computer
Introduction （1）
A computer is an electronic device that can receive a set of instructions(指令), or program(程序), and then carry out (执行) this program by performing calculations on numerical data(数据) or by manipulating other forms of information.
Unit 1 My Computer
New Words & Expressions （新的词汇与表达）
Program
程序
– 运行程序 execute (run) a program
Automation
自动化
Database
数据库
Computer Networks 计算机网络
Privacy
这些指令，跟数据一样，也存储在内存里。这样计算 机在执行时摆脱纸带阅读器的速度限制，使得不用给 计算机重新导线问题也可以得到解决。
Unit 1 My Computer
History （2） - Electronic computers – the UNIVAC
UNIVAC I was the first computer used by business and was used in the Census Bureau in 1951. Here is where the categorization of four generations of digital computers began.
Unit 1 My Computer
History （3）
The Third-Generation Computers: 1964~1970
Late in the 1960s the integrated circuit, or IC, was introduced, making it possible for many transistors to be fabricated on one silicon substrate, with interconnecting wires plated in place. The IC resulted in a further reduction in price, size and failure rate.
UNIVAC 是第一台商业计算机，被用于美国 1951的人口普查。四代电子计算机的分类就 是从这里开始的。
Unit 1 My Computer
History （2） - Electronic computers
Big computers like ENIAC and UNIVAC were called mainframes(大型机/主机).
从政府的机密文件，到银行交易，再到个人家 庭帐户，各种类型和大小的计算机被用于社会 的各个部分，进行数据的存储和处理。
Unit 1 My Computer
History
1. The analytical Engine
分析机
2. Electronic Computers
电子计算机
3. Four generations of electronic computers.
四代电子计算机
Unit 1 My Computer
History （1） - The Analytical Engine 分析机
In the 19th century, the British mathematician and inventor Charles Babbage worked out the principles of the modern digital computer.
Unit 1 My Computer
Introduction （2）
The modern world of high technology could not have come about except for the development of the computer.
如果没有计算机的发展,现代高科技的世界是 不可能产生的.
The ENIAC – Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer.
ENIAC – 电子数字集成器及计算机 The ENIAC was huge. It was as big as a house. it
weighted 30 tons and contained 18000 vacuum tubes. ENIAC 非常庞大 – 有一个房子那么大。它重30吨， 包括18000 个真空管。
计算机是一种电子设备。它能接受一套指令或 程序,然后通过对数值数据进行运算或者对其他 形式的信息进行处理来执行该程序。
Unit 1 My Computer
Introduction (2)
The modern world of high technology could not have come about(发生) except for(如果没 有) the development of the computer.
Unit 1 My Computer
Introduction （4）
Different types and sizes of computers find uses throughout society in the storage and handling of data, from secret government files to banking transactions to private household accounts.