现在分词和过去分词的用法
现在分词与过去分词的用法
*现在分词短语作( 时间状语 ) *Having finished their homework表现的动作在
went home(之前),故用分词的( 完成式 ).
2.1.Because he was ill, he couldn’t go to school.
Being ill, he couldn’t go to school.
单个的动词-ed形式,一般放在被修饰
的名词的前面, 作前置定语。
②后置定语
1. everything used 2. the people invited 3. the books left
单个动词的-ed形式, 如left等, 只能 作后置定语。
1.2 定语（分词短语）
正在建房那些人是我的朋友. 去年建造的那座房子将要拆除. 正在建造的那座房子将是个商店.
Shiyan Town.
(√)
*现在分词所表示的动作由句子的主语发出
=When we stand at the top of the hill, we can see Shiyan Town.
2. Seen from the top of the hill, we can
see the whole town.
( =As all the tickets have been sold out)
四、分词的独立结构*
4、He was taking a walk, with his dog following him. =He was taking a walk and his dog followed him.
5.The teacher came into the classroom,
following by six students. (×)
过去分词和现在分词的用法和形式
过去分词和现在分词的用法和形式过去分词和现在分词是英语中两种常见的非谓语动词形式。
它们在句子中具有多种用法和形式，能够表达不同的动作或状态。
在本文中，我们将探讨过去分词和现在分词的用法和形式。
一、过去分词的形式和用法过去分词是以-ed、-en或其他不规则的形式构成的。
它通常与助动词“have”或“had”连用，构成完成时态或过去完成时态。
过去分词也可以作为形容词来使用。
1. 完成时态当过去分词与助动词“have”或“had”连用时，构成了不同的完成时态。
例如：- We have visited Paris before.（我们以前去过巴黎。
）- She had finished her homework by the time I arrived.（我到达的时候，她已经完成了作业。
）2. 形容词过去分词可以作为形容词，修饰名词或代词。
例如：- The broken window needs to be fixed.（那个破窗户需要修理。
）- The lost key was found in the living room.（丢失的钥匙在客厅里找到了。
）二、现在分词的形式和用法现在分词是以-ing结尾的动词形式，常用于进行时态，或作为形容词和副词来使用。
1. 进行时态现在分词与“be”动词连用，构成了进行时态，表示正在进行的动作或状态。
例如：- He is studying for the exam.（他正在为考试复习。
）- They were playing basketball in the park.（他们在公园里打篮球。
）2. 形容词现在分词可以作为形容词，修饰名词或代词。
例如：- The running water is very clear.（流动的水非常清澈。
）- I saw a crying baby on the street.（我在街上看到一个哭泣的婴儿。
）3. 副词现在分词还可以作为副词，修饰动词或整个句子。
现在分词过去分词做状语的用法
现在分词过去分词做状语的用法以下是 8 条关于现在分词过去分词做状语的用法：1. 嘿，你知道吗，现在分词可以用来表示动作与谓语同时发生呢！就像“Walking in the park, he saw a beautiful flower.（他在公园里走着，看到了一朵美丽的花。
）”，这里的“Walking”是不是很形象地展现了他正在进行的动作呀！2. 哎呀，过去分词做状语也超有意思的呀！比如“She came in, followed by her dog.（她进来了，后面跟着她的狗。
）”，“followed”就很好地说明了她是被狗跟着的状态呢。
3. 瞧呀，现在分词还能表达原因呢！“Not knowing what to do, he asked for help.（不知道该做什么，他寻求帮助。
）”，这不就是因为不知道所以才去求助嘛，多神奇呀！4. 哇塞，过去分词也能表示被动的情况哦！像“Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks so beautiful.（从山顶上看，城市看起来如此美丽。
）”，城市是被看呀，是不是很有感觉？5. 嘿，现在分词做伴随状语也很常见呢！“He sat there, reading a book.（他坐在那里，读着一本书。
）”，读着书这个伴随动作是不是一下子就明白了？6. 哎哟，过去分词做条件状语也不错呢！“Given more time, I could doit better.（如果给我更多时间，我能做得更好。
）”，想想看，如果有那样的条件会怎样？7. 看呀，现在分词做方式状语也是可以的哟！“She smiled, greeting everyone.（她微笑着，和每个人打招呼。
）”，微笑就是她打招呼的方式呀！8. 哇哦，过去分词做让步状语太有意思啦！“Left alone at home, the child didn't feel afraid.（尽管被单独留在家里，孩子并不感到害怕。
分词的四种形式及用法
分词的四种形式及用法分词是动词的非谓语形式，它可以用作形容词、副词或名词。
以下是四种形式及其用法：1. 现在分词：以-ing结尾的分词。
- 作形容词：用于描述正在进行的动作或状态。
例如：a running dog（跑的狗）、an interesting book（有趣的书）。
- 作副词：用于修饰动词，表示动作的方式或原因。
例如：She walked by, smiling（她边走边微笑）。
- 作名词：表示正在进行的动作或状态。
例如：My swimming is improving（我的游泳水平在提高）。
2. 过去分词：通常由“-ed”结尾的分词，也有一些不规则变化的形式。
- 作形容词：用于描述被动或完成的动作。
例如：a broken cup（破碎的杯子）、a baked cake（烤好的蛋糕）。
- 作副词：有时用于修饰动词，表示结果或状态。
例如：The door opened slowly（门慢慢地打开）。
- 作名词：表示被动或完成的动作。
例如：The broken window needs to be fixed（这扇破碎的窗户需要修理）。
3. 完成分词：由“having + 过去分词”的形式构成。
- 作形容词：用于描述在过去其中一时间完成的动作。
例如：having finished homework（完成作业）。
- 作副词：用于修饰动词，表示原因或时间。
例如：He went to bed early, having been tired（他早早上床睡觉，因为感到疲倦）。
4. 不定式分词：由“to + 动词原形”构成的形式。
- 作形容词：用于描述将要发生的动作或状态。
例如：an interesting movie to watch（值得观看的电影）。
- 作副词：修饰动词，表示目的或目标。
例如：He took a taxi to catch the train（他打车去赶火车）。
这些形式的分词在句子中具有不同的语法作用，根据句子的语境和需要，我们可以选择适当的形式来使用。
过去分词和现在分词的应用技巧
过去分词和现在分词的应用技巧过去分词和现在分词是英语语法中的两种非谓语动词形式。
它们在句子中担任形容词的角色，用来修饰名词或代词，对其进行进一步的描述。
本文将探讨过去分词和现在分词的应用技巧，以便于读者更好地掌握它们的用法。
一、过去分词的应用技巧过去分词是由动词的过去式加上-ed或-en构成的，用来表示已经完成的动作或状态。
以下是一些常见的过去分词的应用技巧：1. 描述过去的动作或状态过去分词可以用来描述已经完成的动作或状态。
例如，“broken”表示“被打破的”，“finished”表示“已完成的”。
2. 句子的被动语态过去分词也是构成句子的被动语态时所必需的。
被动语态的结构是“be + 过去分词”。
例如，“The book was written by him.”（这本书是他写的。
）3. 过去分词作定语过去分词可以作为定语，修饰名词或代词。
在这种情况下，它通常放在被修饰词之前。
例如，“a broken window”（一个被打破的窗户）。
4. 作状语过去分词可以作为状语，表示原因、条件、时间、方式等。
例如，“Having finished my work, I went home.”（完成了我的工作，我回家了。
）二、现在分词的应用技巧现在分词是由动词的原形加上-ing构成的，表示正在进行或持续的动作或状态。
以下是一些常见的现在分词的应用技巧：1. 描述正在进行的动作或状态现在分词可以用来描述当前正在进行的动作或状态。
例如，“running”表示“正在跑步的”，“reading”表示“正在阅读的”。
2. 句子的进行时态现在分词是构成句子的进行时态时所必需的。
进行时态的结构是“be + 现在分词”。
例如，“He is studying English.”（他正在学习英语。
）3. 现在分词作定语现在分词可以作为定语，修饰名词或代词。
在这种情况下，它通常放在被修饰词之前。
例如，“a running river”（一条正在流动的河流）。
过去分词和现在分词的用法技巧解析
过去分词和现在分词的用法技巧解析过去分词和现在分词是英语语法中常用的两种非谓语动词形式。
它们在句子中具有较为灵活多样的用法，能够为句子赋予不同的语法功能和修饰作用。
本文将就过去分词和现在分词的用法技巧进行解析。
一、过去分词的用法技巧1. 作为形容词修饰名词过去分词可以作为形容词，修饰名词，表示名词的状态、属性或感受等。
例如：- a broken window（一个破碎的窗户）- a excited child（一个激动的孩子）- a surprised look（一个吃惊的神情）2. 与连系动词连用过去分词与连系动词（如be, seem, appear等）连用，构成系表结构，表示主语的状态或特征。
例如：- The book is written by a famous writer.（这本书是由一位著名作家所写的）- She seemed lost in thought.（她似乎陷入沉思中）3. 作为介词的宾语过去分词可以作为介词的宾语，表示动作的被动、完成或结果。
例如：- He is proud of having won the competition.（他为自己赢得了比赛而感到骄傲）- I am tired of being treated unfairly.（我厌倦了受到不公平对待）4. 与情态动词连用过去分词与情态动词（如can, could, may, might等）连用，表示对过去某一动作或状态的推测或假设。
例如：- He may have finished his homework.（他可能已经完成了作业）- She could have missed the train.（她可能错过了火车）二、现在分词的用法技巧1. 作为形容词修饰名词现在分词可以作为形容词，修饰名词，表示名词的特点、特征或状态等。
例如：- a running river（一条流动的河流）- a smiling face（一个微笑的脸）2. 作为主动语态的非谓语动词现在分词可以独立担任主语、宾语或表语等成分，表示某个正在进行的动作或状态。
英语词汇中的现在分词和过去分词如何运用
英语词汇中的现在分词和过去分词如何运用在英语学习中，词汇的掌握是构建语言大厦的基石。
而现在分词和过去分词作为动词的一种非谓语形式，它们的运用不仅丰富了语言的表达，也常常让学习者感到困惑。
那么，如何准确地理解和运用这两种形式呢？首先，我们来了解一下现在分词和过去分词的基本概念。
现在分词的形式通常是动词原形加上“ing”，如“reading”“writing”“swimming”等。
它具有主动和进行的含义，表示正在进行的动作或主动的动作。
过去分词的形式则多种多样，大部分是在动词原形的基础上进行变化，常见的规则动词过去分词一般是在动词原形后加“ed”，如“played”“visited”“finished”；不规则动词的过去分词则需要单独记忆，如“gone”“seen”“written”等。
过去分词通常具有被动和完成的含义，表示已经完成的动作或被动的动作。
现在分词和过去分词在句子中的作用各不相同。
现在分词在句中可以作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。
作定语时，现在分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前，如“a smiling face”（一张笑脸），“a running dog”（一只正在跑的狗）。
现在分词短语作定语则要放在被修饰的名词之后，例如，“The man standing there is my teacher”（站在那里的那个人是我的老师。
）作状语时，现在分词可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、伴随等。
比如，“Hearing the news, she jumped with joy”（听到这个消息，她高兴得跳了起来。
）这里的“Hearing the news”表示时间，“Seeing from the top of the hill, we can have a better view of the city”（从山顶上看，我们可以更好地看到这个城市。
）这里的“Seeing from the top of the hill”表示条件。
现在分词与过去分词的区别与用法解析
现在分词与过去分词的区别与用法解析现在分词和过去分词是英语中两种常见的非谓语动词形式。
它们在形态和用法上有一些不同之处。
本文将详细解析这两种形式的区别和用法。
一、形态上的区别1. 现在分词的形态现在分词的形态是动词的-ing形式，例如：working, playing, eating 等。
当动词作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语和谓语等时，常用现在分词形式。
2. 过去分词的形态过去分词的形态通常是在动词原形的基础上加上-ed、-d、-en、-t等词尾，例如：worked, played, eaten等。
过去分词在完成时态和被动语态中常作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等。
二、用法上的区别1. 现在分词的用法（1）作主语：现在分词可以作为主语出现在句子中，表示正在进行或经常性的动作。
例如："Reading books is my hobby."（阅读书籍是我的爱好。
）（2）作定语：现在分词可以修饰名词作定语，常表示主动、进行或经常性的动作。
例如："The running water is very clear."（流动的水非常清澈。
）（3）作宾语补足语：现在分词可以作及物动词的宾语补足语，表示正在进行或经常性的动作。
例如："I saw him painting the house."（我看见他正在刷房子。
）2. 过去分词的用法（1）作主语：过去分词可以作为主语出现在句子中，表示完成的动作或状态。
例如："Broken glass covered the ground."（破碎的玻璃铺满了地面。
）（2）作定语：过去分词可以修饰名词作定语，表示被动或完成的动作。
例如："The lost key has been found."（丢失的钥匙已经找到了。
）（3）作宾语补足语：过去分词可以作及物动词的宾语补足语，表示完成的动作或状态。
英语专题复习现在分词与过去分词的用法
分词用途一览表
谓语
非谓语
时态形式
意义
句子成分
相当于
现在分词
进行时态
形容词
过去分词
完成时态
完成
状语
副词
被动语态
被动
定语、宾补、表语
形容词
现在分词与过去分词的两大差别
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现在分词与过去分词的最大差别在于语态上：现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动。 现在分词与过去分词的第二大差别在时态上：现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成。
01
02
1.There was a terrible noise ____ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 简析：据语法分析可知，待选部分是修饰 noise 的定语短语；据常识“雷声随闪电之后到来”，自然A noise follows the sudden burst of light , noise与follow是主动关系。因此，该题应选B。 2.The Olympic Games, ____ in 776 B. C., didn’t include women until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be playing 简析：根据语法分析可知，待选部分是一个作定语、修饰 The Olympic Games 的后置分词短语；The Olympic Games是动词 play 的承受者，且已完成 (in 776 B. C.)。因此，该题选C。
3.What’s the language ____ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 简析：该题应选B。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定语从句 which is spoken 4.Most of the people ____ to the party were famous scientists. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting 简析：该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定语从句 who were invited 5.The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 简析：该题应选D。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定语从句which were written
分词的四种形式及用法
分词的四种形式及用法分词是动词的一种形式，可以用作动词、形容词、副词或短语的一部分。
常见的分词有以下四种形式和用法：1. 现在分词（-ing分词）：- 用作动词：现在分词可以和be动词连用，构成进行时态。
例如：She is going to school.（她正在去学校的路上）- 用作形容词：现在分词可以修饰名词，表示正在进行的动作或状态。
例如：The running water is refreshing.（流动的水很清凉）2. 过去分词（-ed分词）：- 用作动词：过去分词可以和助动词或情态动词连用，构成完成时态或被动语态。
例如：He has eaten lunch.（他吃过午饭了）- 用作形容词：过去分词可以修饰名词，表示被动或完成的动作。
例如：The broken glass needs to be cleaned up.（需要清理的破碎玻璃）- 用作副词：过去分词可以修饰动词，表示原因或伴随状态。
例如：She watched him, amazed.（她惊讶地看着他）3. 不定式（to分词）：- 用作动词：不定式作为动词的分词形式，可以表示将要发生的动作。
例如：They are going to leave soon.（他们快要离开了）- 用作形容词：不定式可以修饰名词，表示目的或用途。
例如：She needs a book to read.（她需要一本书来阅读）-用作副词：不定式可以修饰动词，表示目的或结果。
4.分词短语：- 用作动词：分词短语作为动词的一部分，可以表示时间、原因、条件等。
例如：Hearing the news, she cried.（听到消息，她哭了）- 用作形容词：分词短语可以修饰名词，表示状态或特征。
例如：The students studying in the library are quiet.（在图书馆学习的学生都很安静）-用作副词：分词短语可以修饰动词，表示方式或条件。
过去分词和现在分词的用法
过去分词和现在分词的用法一、概述过去分词和现在分词是英语中常见的两种非谓语动词形式，它们的用法相对较多且复杂。
本文将详细介绍过去分词和现在分词的用法，包括其基本形式、构成方式、语法作用等方面。
二、过去分词的基本形式及构成方式1. 基本形式过去分词是一种非谓语动词形式，通常由动词原形加上-ed构成。
例如：played, walked, talked等。
2. 构成方式（1）一般情况下，动词原形加上-ed构成过去分词。
例如：play-played, walk-walked, talk-talked等。
（2）以e结尾的动词，在末尾只需加-d即可。
例如：love-loved, like-liked等。
（3）以辅音字母+y结尾的单词，将y变为i后加-ed。
例如：study-studied, try-tried等。
（4）部分不规则动词需要记忆其过去分词形式。
例如：go-gone, eat-eaten, drink-drunk等。
三、过去分词的用法1. 作定语过去分词可以作为定语修饰名词或代词，表示被修饰物所受到的动作或状态。
例如：a broken cup（一个破碎的杯子）、a tired man（一个疲惫的人）等。
2. 作表语过去分词可以作为表语，表示主语所处的状态或被动动作。
例如：The door is closed.（门已经关上了。
）3. 作宾补过去分词可以作为及物动词的宾语补足语，表示被动动作或状态。
例如：I saw him beaten up by the gangsters.（我看到他被黑帮殴打了。
）4. 与情态动词连用过去分词可以与情态动词连用，表示完成的被动意义。
例如：He should have been told the truth.（他应该被告知真相。
）5. 与助动词连用过去分词可以与助动词have, has, had连用，构成完成时态和完成进行时态，表示已经发生的事情或正在进行的事情已经完成。
现在分词和过去分词的用法区别
现在分词和过去分词的用法区别
过去分词和现在分词的区别
1.在语态上现在分词表示主动的意思，表示它所修饰的人或物的行为;及物动词的过去分词表示被动的意思，表示它所修饰的人或物是动作的承受者。
换言之，现在分词是它修饰的成分所作出的动作，过去分词是它修饰的成分所承受的动作。
2.在时间上，现在分词往往表示动作正在进行，过去分词表示动作已完成。
3.做表语时的不同。
现在分词做表语表示主语所具有的特征，意思是“令人如何”。
过去分词多表示主语所处的状态，意思是“感到如何”。
4.做状语的区别，分词短语在句中可做时间、原因、方式、伴随状语。
现在分词的动作和谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生、意思是主动的。
而过去分词的动作在谓语动作之前发生、意思是被动的。
过去分词的用法
1.表示过去:即表示过去某时已发生的被动动作--由于既有完成的意味，又有被动意味，符合过去分词的基本特征。
2.表示同时:即表示与谓语动词同时(或几乎同时)发生的被动动作。
3.表示状态:即现在已经存在的态或过去(当时)的存在的一种被动的状态。
4.表示经常性或泛指:过去分词有两个基本特点，一是表示被
动，二是表示完成。
现在分词的用法
1.现在分词的一般式所表示的动作与主语动作同时发生。
2.当要表示一个被动动作时，现在分词就用被动形式。
3.分词的否定式总是将否定词not置于分词之前，遇上现在分词的完成式、被动式以及完成被动式，否定词应置于整个结构之前。
过去分词和现在分词的用法
过去分词和现在分词的用法1. 什么是过去分词和现在分词？过去分词和现在分词是英语中的两种非谓语动词形式，它们分别以-ing和-ed结尾。
过去分词和现在分词在句子中可以起到多种用途，包括作为形容词、动词、副词和名词的补语等。
2. 过去分词的用法2.1 作为形容词过去分词可以用来描述过去发生的动作或状态，并修饰名词。
例如： - The broken window needs to be fixed.（被打破的窗户需要修理。
）- She was excited to receive a handwritten letter.（她收到一封亲笔信感到很兴奋。
）2.2 作为动词过去分词可以和助动词have、has、had结合，构成完成时态的谓语动词。
例如： - I have finished my homework.（我完成了我的作业。
） - They had already eaten before I arrived.（当我到达时，他们已经吃饭了。
）2.3 作为副词过去分词可以修饰一个动作的方式或者程度，并回答“怎么样？”“多么？”等问题。
例如： - He ran excitedly towards the finish line.（他兴奋地跑向终点线。
）- The movie was surprisingly interesting.（这部电影出人意料地有趣。
）2.4 作为名词的补语过去分词可以用来补充或者说明名词所表示的主语。
例如： - I am a teacher by profession.（我是一个职业教师。
） - She felt embarrassed by his behavior.（她因他的行为感到尴尬。
）3. 现在分词的用法3.1 作为形容词现在分词可以用来描述正在进行的动作或状态，并修饰名词。
例如： - The running water is so refreshing.（流动的水非常清爽。
现在分词和过去分词的用法
现在分词和过去分词的用法现在分词和过去分词主要差别在于：现在分词表示“主动和进行”，过去分词表示“被动和完成”(不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动，只表示完成)。
分词可以有自己的状语、宾语或逻辑主语等。
表示伴随 1. 分词作状语分词在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因现在分词和过去分词主要差别在于：现在分词表示“主动和进行”，过去分词表示“被动和完成”(不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动，只表示完成)。
分词可以有自己的状语、宾语或逻辑主语等。
表示伴随1. 分词作状语分词在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果（补充说明）、让步、伴随等。
分词做状语时，它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。
作状语的分词相当于一个状语从句。
补充说明补充说明【例】Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.Using what you know of word stems and word formations, you can make a guess at the meaning of a new word.The students went out of the classroom, laughing and talking.Accompanied by his friend, he went to the railway station. Given better attention, the plants could grow better.He looked tired and depressed, visibly disturbed by the news of his mother's illness.分词在句子中作状语，使用何种分词，要取决于分词与句子主语的关系：主谓关系用现在分词，动宾或被动关系用过去分词。
【例】Not shavings enough hands, we turned to them for help.(we don't have enough hands) Taught by mistakes and setbacks, we have become wiser and handled our affairs better. (we are taught/teach us)Inspired by Leifeng, the people in China worked very hard to achieve their modernization.____the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge. (CET-4 1996,6)A) Having believed B) Believing C) Believed D) Being believed本句意思为：相信地球是平的，许多人担心哥伦布会从边上掉下去。
动词的现在分词与过去分词的区别
动词的现在分词与过去分词的区别动词是语言中的重要组成部分，它们用于表达动作、状态和行为。
动词的现在分词和过去分词是动词的两种非谓语形式。
在英语语法中，它们有着不同的用法和构成。
一、现在分词的构成与用法现在分词是由动词的原形加上-ing构成的，例如：play（玩）→ playing（正在玩）。
现在分词可以用作动词、形容词和副词。
1. 作为动词：现在分词可以作为谓语动词，表示动作正在进行或正在进行的状态。
例：She is reading a book.（她正在看书。
）The birds are singing.（鸟儿在唱歌。
）2. 作为形容词：现在分词可以修饰名词或代词，表示该名词或代词所具有的特征或状态。
例：The running water sounds so soothing.（流动的水声音如此舒缓。
）The crying baby needs to be comforted.（哭泣的婴儿需要安慰。
）3. 作为副词：现在分词可以修饰动词或整个句子，表示附加的动作或方式。
例：He came running to catch the bus.（他跑着过来赶公交车。
）Considering the circumstances, I think we made the right decision.（考虑到情况，我认为我们做出了正确的决定。
）二、过去分词的构成与用法过去分词是由动词的原形加上-ed、-d、-t、-en或常见的不规则变化形式构成的，例如：play（玩）→ played（玩过了）。
过去分词可以用作动词、形容词和副词。
1. 作为动词：过去分词可以表示过去的动作或状态，常与助动词have或be连用，构成完成时态或被动语态。
例：They have finished their homework.（他们完成了作业。
）The house was built in 1990.（房屋建于1990年。
）2. 作为形容词：过去分词可以修饰名词或代词，表示由该名词或代词引起的动作或状态。
现在分词和过去分词的用法区别
现在分词和过去分词的用法区别现在分词和过去分词都是英语中非常重要的语法形式，它们与动词密切相关，但在语法和用法上有其独特之处。
在本文中，我们将学习这两种分词的基本含义、语法用法以及相应的例子，以帮助大家更好地掌握这两种分词的用法区别。
1. 动态用法现在分词主要在动态用法中使用，表示正在进行或正在发生的动作（或状态）。
它通常表示主语正在进行的动作，也可以表示与主语有关的事情（例如，使动词、感觉动词和心理动词）。
以下是现在分词的动态用法的一些例子：- I'm taking a shower (我正在洗澡)。
- She's teaching her dog some tricks (她正在教她的狗一些技巧)。
- The music is playing loudly (音乐正在高声播放)。
- He's feeling sick today (他今天感觉不舒服)。
2. 形容词用法除了动态用法外，现在分词还可以用于形容词用法，形容词用法时表示主语的性质或特征。
这种用法通常用来描述对象或事物，并且可以被用作宾语或主语后的修饰语。
以下是现在分词的形容词用法的一些例子：4. 结构用法现在分词还可以用于结构用法，结构用法时通常用于现在分词和将来进行时或现在进行时一起使用，以强调某个动作或事件的重要性或长时间持续。
以下是现在分词的结构用法的一些例子：1. 过去的被动语态和完成时态过去分词主要用于过去的被动语态和完成时态。
它通常与 be 动词或 have 动词一起出现，以表示动词的被动或完成形式。
以下是过去分词的被动语态和完成时态的一些例子：可以看到，过去分词被用于描述过去的事情，例如完成的动作或被动的状态。
过去分词也可以用于形容词用法，表示受动作影响的人或物的性质或特征。
如过去分词可以形容被破坏的建筑物、被教育的学生等等。
以下是过去分词形容词用法的一些例子：3. 补语用法过去分词还可以用作补语，它是某些及物动词的现在分词形式，并在表达被动语态时使用，通常作为系动词 be 的补语。
现在分词与过去分词的用法
现在分词与过去分词的用法分词作为英语语法的一种形式，在句子中起到了重要的作用。
其中，现在分词和过去分词是两种常见的形式，在句子中可用于表示动作或状态的变化。
本文将详细介绍现在分词和过去分词的用法及示例。
一、现在分词的用法1. 现在分词作状语现在分词可用作状语，修饰主句中的动词或整个句子。
它可以表示伴随、原因、结果等关系。
例1：Walking in the park, she enjoyed the beautiful scenery.（伴随关系）例2：Being tired, he decided to take a break.（原因关系）例3：The car crashed into a tree, killing the driver instantly.（结果关系）2. 现在分词作定语现在分词可以形容名词，作为定语修饰名词。
例4：The crying baby woke up the whole neighborhood.（形容词）例5：The running water sounded soothing.（形容词）3. 现在分词与现在分词短语现在分词与现在分词短语可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾补等。
例6：Smiling is contagious.（主语）例7：I saw him playing basketball in the park.（宾语）例8：Her main duty is taking care of the patients.（表语）例9：They kept the fire burning all night.（宾补）二、过去分词的用法1. 过去分词作定语过去分词可以修饰名词，作为定语使用。
例10：The broken window has been fixed.（形容词）例11：I visited the abandoned house yesterday.（形容词）2. 过去分词与过去分词短语过去分词与过去分词短语可以用作被动语态、完成时态、副词等。
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现在分词和过去分词的用法1、否定形式（前面加not）Not given a chance, he felt disappointed.Not knowing what to do, he turned to me for help.2、不及物动词、连系动词常用现在分词做定语、状语等；及物动词常用过去分词。
There are many events happening in the world everyday.provide help for the people going hungry.the remaining books3、现在分词表动作的主动或正在发生；过去分词表动作的被动或已经完成。
the falling/ fallen leaves the boiling/ boiled water the rising/ risen sun the developed/ developing countries a polluted river a sleeping boy4、分词不具有名词特征，不可做主语或宾语。
（定语、表语、状语、宾补/主补）Participating in various social activities is beneficial to our future. (动名词)Praised in public made him shy. (错)Being praised in public made him shy.一、做定语/表语1、和定语从句的转换The student who is sleeping has suffered a high fever.The sleeping student has suffered a high fever.Those who have drunk the water which is polluted may get poisoned.Those who have drunk the polluted water may get poisoned.2、单个分词做定语常置于名词之前；分词短语常置于名词之后。
Do you know the man seated/ sitting next to the professor?The man looking at the map has got lost.The building completed ahead of time has caught many people’s attention.比较：The building being built has caught many people’s attention.The building to be built next year is well designed.3、现在分词和动名词做定语时的区别a reading room (动名词) a swimming pool（动名词）a crying baby（现在分词） a washing machine（动名词）4、使役动词的分词形式做定语或表语时，常遵循人V-ed,物V-ing的原则，但修饰反映人心理活动或某种情绪的词时，用V-ed形式.encouraging words an embarrassing atmosphere feel embarrassed be shockedexcited tears a surprised/ determined/ frightened lookAfter hearing my encouraging words, a determined look appeared on his face.5、修饰令他人有某种情绪的词时，无论人还是物均用V-ing.The disappointing student has disappointed his parents a second time.6、有些分词已经形容词化了a demanding job a promising teacher an interesting book三、做状语（时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随或结果状语）1、强调前后主语的一致。
Seen from the hill, I find our school small.(错)Seen from the hill, our school looks small.Seeing from the hill, I find our school small.2、原因、时间、条件、让步、方式状语常置于句首，不强调动作先后时遵循主动V-ing被动V-ed。
Given more time, I could do better.Being too fat, you should take regular exercise to lose weight.Determined to catch up with others, he works day and night.Walking in the street, I came across an old friend.3、若有时间先后，可借助havingHaving failed many times, he made up his mind to go abroad for further education. Having been shown around Tian’anmen Square, the tourists were taken to visit the Palace Museum.Not having met him before, I’m very curious.4、伴随状语常置于句末They’re still sit ting on the sofa, absorbed in conversation.The students are riding on the street, talking and laughing.5、结果状语常置于句末，典型例子making, leaving, causingThey all left, leaving me standing there alone.English is spoken by many people in various countries, making it the most popular language in the world.比较：不定式做结果状语He went abroad, never to return.They lifted a rock, only to drop it on their own feet.四、做宾补常用于以下结构1、see/ hear/ watch/ notice/ find/ feel + sb + 分词I saw a book lying thereA book was seen lying there.He found his hometown greatly changed after many years.2、leave/ keep + 宾语+ 分词A flood hit the area the other day, leaving few houses standing.I am sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.3、have/ get +宾语+ 分词It is time that you had your washing machine repaired.I can’t get my car going.I will try my best to get my English improved.4、catch/ send sb doing →be caught/ sent doingThe girl who was caught cheating has admitted her mistake.A sudden rain sent the players and the audience running in all directions for cover.5、with+ 宾语+ 分词With the population growing rapidly, we need more living materials.With green trees surrounded, it is really a good place to live in.With the fellow leading the way, we had no trouble finding the temple.五、前后主语不一致时，可用独立主格结构Weather permitting, we will hold the sports meeting.Money collected, we set about carrying out the plan.The sun risen, everything looks beautiful.There being 阿heavy rain, we had to have a break.六、一些常用固定结构judging from/ by…consi dering…compared with…to tell you the truth…generally speaking…speaking of…including…/includedJudging from his look, we thought he was badly hurt.Considering the present economic situation, you should cut back on your expenses. Speaking of factories, people often think of air and water pollution.Compared with the students in the remote mountainous areas, you are so lucky. Many a student has made great progress, including some naughty ones.七、拓展：there be结构和非谓语动词的连用。
1、There be… + doing/ done/ to doThere are large areas polluted by industrial waste.There used to be many birds flying in the blue sky.What troubles him these days is that there are too many things to do.2、动词+ there to be/ there being…如expect/ want/ like/ hate/ mind/ imagine等As senior middle school students, we expect there to be more free time to relax ourselves.Do you mind there being two more students in your class?3、句型It is + adj.+ for + there to be…It is common for there to be a misunderstanding between teachers and students.I. 单项选择1. ____ the house on fire, he dialed 119.A. To seeB. SeeingC. Having seenD. Being seen2. I fell down and broke three of my teeth. I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth ____.A. fixB. fixingC. fixedD. to fix3. We’re ___ to listen to her ____ voice.It’s ___to hear her sing.A. pleased; pleasing; pleasureB. pleased; pleasant; a pleasureC. pleasing; pleased; a pleasureD. pleasing; pleasant; pleasure4. ___a post office, I stopped____ some stamps.A. Passed, buyingB. Passing, to buyC. Having passed, buyD. Pass, to buy5. ____with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.A. ComparingB. To compareC. ComparedD. Having compared6. Here are some new computer programs ____for home buildings.A. designingB. designC. designedD. to design7. ____a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp.A. To saveB. SavingC. SavedD. Having saved8. The teacher came into the classroom ____by his students.A. followingB. to be followingC. followedD. having followed9. With the money ___, he couldn’t buy any ticket.A. to loseB. losingC. lostD. has lost10. There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldn’t make himself ____.A. being heardB. hearingC. heardD. hear11. The result of the test was rather _____.A. disappointedB. disappointingC. being disappointedD. disappoint12. I’ve never heard the word ____in spoken English.A. useB. usedC. usingD. being used13. _____how to do the homework, I went to ask my teacher for help.A. Not to knowB. Not knowingC. Knowing notD. Not known14. Deeply __, I thanked her again and again.A. being movingB. movedC. movingD. to be moved15. With winter _____on, it’s time to buy warm clothes.A. cameB. comesC. comeD. coming16. ____the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building.A. Having shownB. ShowingC. Has shownD. Having been shown17. He went from door to door, ____waste papers and magazines.A. gatheringB. gatheredC. gatherD. being gathered18. The student corrected his paper carefully, ____the professor’s suggestions.A. followB. followingC. followedD. being followed19. The ___price will save you one dollar for each dozen.A. reduceB. reducingC. reducedD. reduces20. People ____in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.A. liveB. to liveC. livedD. living21. The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldn’t make his point ___.A. understandB. understandingC. to understandD. understood22. The scientists were waiting to see the problem ______.A. settleB. settledC. to settleD. settling23. The library’s study room is full of students _____for th e exam.A. busily preparedB. busy preparingC. busily prepareD. are busily preparing24. The ground is _____with ____ leaves.A. covering, fallingB. covered, fallingC. covered, fallenD. covering, fallen25. Lessons ____easily were soon forgotten.A. to learnB. learnC. learnedD. learning1. The old farmer________ the badly-injured and wounded soldier, came out of the burning house, ________for help.A. supporting; callingB. supported by; calledC. being supported by; calledD. being supporting; called2. -Oh, it’s already a q uarter past six. What shall we do at the meeting this evening? -We’ll go on with the matter________ this afternoon.A. be discussedB. being discussingC. discussedD. which discussed3. The brave man died, ________ his young wife nothing but a________ cottage.A. left; breakingB. leaving; brokenC. left; brokenD. to leave; breaking4. ________hard before, Tom is afraid of failing in the exam.A. Having been workedB. Not to have workedC. Having never workedD. Never have worked5.________the exam, the boy was punished by his father.A. No passingB. Having passedC. Not passingD. Not having passed6. Time________, I can have done it better.A. permitB. be permittedC. permittingD. to permit7.________, the boy couldn’t enter his house.A. Since the key has lostB. The key been lostC. Lost the keyD. Having lost the key8. ________into many languages, the story is well known all over the world now.A. Being translatedB. Having translatedC. To be translatedD. Having been translated9. ________for the terrible accident, as the public thought, the mayor felt nervous and was at a loss what to do.A. Having blamedB. To blameC. Being to be blameD. Being to blame10. ________from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.A. SufferedB. To sufferC. Having sufferedD. Being suffered11. ________from what he said, he must be the thief who has stolen the car.A. JudgingB. JudgedC. To judgeD. Judge12. ________with fright, a hungry fox hid himself in a small cave, ________his tail to the rain.A. Trembling; exposingB. Trembled; exposedC. Trembled; exposingD. Trembling; exposed13. Many teachers were praised at the meeting, Mr. Zhou________.A. includingB. being includingC. to includeD. included14. -Who were those people with the flags?-A group________ itself the League of Peace.A. callsB. callingC. calledD. being called15. ________you the truth, she knows nothing about it.A. TellB. TellingC. To tellD. Told16. We slept with the light________ all night long last night.A. burntB. to burnC. being burntD. burning17. Linda can’t attend the party________ at Tom’s house at present because she is preparing a speech for the party ________ at Marie’s house tomorrow.A. being held; to be heldB. to be held; heldC. held; being heldD. to be held; to be held18. The situation is more ________than ever. I’m ________about what to do next.A. puzzled; puzzledB. puzzling; puzzlingC. puzzling; puzzledD. puzzled; puzzling19. When________ that it was getting late, I put off the light and went to bed.A. findB. findingC. foundD. to find20. ________her mother had come, her face lit up.A. HearingB. Having heardC. When hearingD. When she heard21. Daddy didn’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, _______fun. (2005，重庆卷)A. hadB. haveC. to haveD. having22. Don't leave the water _____ while you brush your teeth.A. runB. runningC. being runD. to run23. The picture _________ on the wall is painted by my nephew.A.having hungB.hangingC.hangsD.being hung24. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise _______.A. going onB. goes onC. went onD. to go on25. ______from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.A.Being separatedB. Having separatedC. Having been separatedD. To be separated26.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ___ in the kitchen.A. smokeB. smokingC. to smokeD. smoked27. He sent me an E-mail, _______ to get further information.(2000上海卷)A. hopedB. hopingC. to hopeD. hopekey: 1-5 ACBCD 6-10 CDDDC 11-15 AADBC 16-20 DACBD 21-27 DBBACBB动名词部分1.No one enjoys_________at.ughingB.to laughC.being laughedD.to be laughed2.You must do something to prevent your house__________.A.to be broken inB.from being broken inC.to break inD.from breaking in3.They insisted on ______another chance to try.A.givenB.givingC.being givenD.to be given4.—Where is my passport? I remember ________it here.—You shouldn't have left it here. Remember ________it with you all the time.A.to put；to takeB.putting；takingC.putting；to takeD.to put；taking5.His room needs _______, so he must have it _________.A.painting；paintedB.painted；paintingC.painting；paintingD.painted；painted6.After finishing his homework he went on _______a letter to his parents.A.writeB.writingC.wroteD.to write7.The young trees we planted last week require _______with great care.A.looking afterB.to look afterC.to be looked afterD.taken good care of8.Only ______English doesn't mean______ the language.A.to learn；to learnB.learning；learningC.learning about；learnD.learning about；learning9.She returned home only to find the door open and something _______.A.missedB.to be missingC.missingD.to be missed10.She decided to devote herself _______the problem of old age.A.to studyB.studyingC.to studyingD.study11.Remember ______the newspaper when you have finished it.A.putting backB.put backC.to put backD.be put back12.As she is looking forward to _______from me, please remember_______ this letter on your way to school.A.hear；postB.hearing；to postC.be heard；postingD.be hearing；to posting13.Grandma said that she had a lot of trouble _______your handwriting.A.to readB.to seeC.reading C.in seeing14.Writing stories and articles ________what I enjoy most.A.isB.areC.wasD.were15.We appreciate_________ us to the ball.A.them to inviteB.to inviteC.their invitingD.being invited16.Would you mind _______quiet for a moment? I'm trying______ a form.A.keeping；filling outB.to keep；to fill outC.keeping；to fill outD.to keep；filling out17.He was afraid_______ for being late.A.of seeingB.of being seenC.to be seenD.to have seen18.I'd like to suggest _______the meeting till next week.A.to put offB.putting offC.put offD.to be put off19.I don't see how I could possibly manage______the work without________ .A.finish；helpingB.to finish；being helpedC.finishing；helpingD.finishing；being helped20.Anything worth________ is worthy of ________well.A.doing；being doneB.doing；doingC.to be done；to be doneD.to be done；being done21.We advised them to take a rest, but they insisted____the work.A.finishB.to finishC.in finishingD.on finishing22.I delayed ______your letter because I had been away for a week.A.answerB.answeringC.writingD.to post23.The thief drove as fast as he could to escape________ by the police.A.to be caughtB.he caughtC.being caughtD.catching24.I searched for my wallet and it wasn't there. At first, I thought I____ it at home. Then I remembered ______it out to pay for the taxi.A.must have left；to takeB.may leave；takingC.might leave；to takeD.could have left；taking25.______the news of his father's death, he burst into tears.A.After hearingB.On hearingC.While hearingD.Having heared26._______his mother, the baby could not help______.A.To see；to laughB.Seeing；to laughC.Seeing；laughingD.To see；laughing27.It's no use _______so much money on clothes.A.spendB.spentC.spendingD.being spent28.The sentence needs______.A.improveB.a improvementC.improvingD.improved29.If he succeeded _______a job, his children wouldn't be suffering from hunger now.A.to findB.to look forC.in findingD.in looking for30.I still remember ______to my home town when I was young.A.takingB.takenC.being takenD.to takekey: 1-5 ACBCD 6-10 CDDDC 11-15 AADBC 16-20 DACBD21-27 DBBACBB1-5 CBCCA6-10.DADCC 11-15.CBCAC16-20.CBBBA CCC。