岩石巴西圆盘混合断裂力学特征及空间效应研究

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基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2015CB057903)（National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China (973 Program; 2015CB057903); 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51079092)( National Natural Science Foundation of China (51079092))

作者简介：李列列，男，1983年生，博士研究生。主要从事岩土工程数值模拟方面的研究工作。E-mail:13370912@. 通讯作者：卓莉，女，1986 年生，工学博士，实验师，主要从事岩石力学试验与数值计算研究。E-mail :zhuoli0405@

岩石巴西圆盘混合断裂力学特征及空间效应研究

李列列1，2, 卓 莉1,2*，邵江3，肖明砾1，2,谢红强1,2

(1.四川大学 水利水电学院，四川 成都 610065；2.四川大学 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室，四川成都 610065；3.四川省交通运

输厅公路规划勘察设计研究，四川 成都 610065)

摘要：针对I II -型混合断裂的力学特征进行研究，选用单节理直切槽巴西圆盘做为室内试验的研究对象。采用位移伺服方式对巴西圆盘进行加载，并对荷载和位移进行监测。根据室内试验得出的峰值应力和混合型断裂韧度相关理论，计算出对应的断裂韧度值。选用能模拟裂隙演化的离散元软件PFC3D 对室内试验进行模拟，在加载方式上选用更为合理的点墙加载方式，以代替传统的墙体加载方式。根据不同加载角β直切槽巴西圆盘室内试验结果，对数值模拟试验的试件细观参数进行标定，分别从宏观和细观上分析直切槽巴西圆盘的力学特性，PFC3D 数值试验破坏过程中展现出与巴西圆盘试验一致的细观特征。研究结果表明：当0

075β≤≤时，断裂韧度差值I II K K -与加载角β呈线性关系；根据试验结果建立荷载峰值与加载角β 的关系表达式，可预测不同加载角β下的荷载峰值；三维数值模拟分析结果显示裂隙尖端拉压临界角大于二维经典理论的结果，误差范围在4%~7%之间，且拉压临界角具用显著的空间特征，由圆盘边面到跨中截面逐渐增加，增加幅度为0.7°；随着加载角β的增加，直切槽周围最大张拉应力点由尖端向圆盘中心偏移，且偏移速率单调增加，全截面由受压逐渐转变为受拉；不同断裂形式的空间效应存在差异，II 型断裂的空间效应最小，巴西劈裂最显著。采用PFC3D 数值软件可以对直切槽巴西圆盘进行三维分析，弥补了三维理论的不足。

关键词： 直切槽巴西圆盘（CSTBD ） 混合韧度（I II -） 加载角 空间效应 中图分类号：TU457 文献标志码：

Mechanical Characteristics and Spatial Effect Research of Rocks Using Brazilian Disk Under Mixed

Mode Loading

LI Lie-lie 1,2 , Zhuo Li 1,2*

，Shao Jiang 3，XIAO Ming-li 1,2， Xie Hong-qiang 1,2

( 1. College of Water Resources & Hydropower, Sichuan Univ, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China; State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering ，Sichuan Univ, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China ；3.Sichuan Provincial Transport Department Highway Planning,Survey,Design And

Research Institute, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China)

Abstract : Focusing on the mixed mode fracture(I II -),We choose the cracked straight through brazilian disc(CSTBD) for the research to investigate the mechanical characteristics of mixed mode fracture,Adopting the displacement servo for the loading,we monitor the loading and displacement.Base on the peak loading and classcial theory of mixed mode fracture,we calculate the result of mixed mode fracture toughness.we choose PFC3D to simulate the evolution of crack and adopt the point loading to replace the traditional way. On the basis of the experimental result of cracked straight through brazilian disk test under different angle β,by testing whether it is consistent for the outcomes of laboratory experiment and numerical simulation ，microcosmic parameters are confirmed. By analyzing the mixed-mode brazilian disk under microcosmic and macrocosmic perspectives, the microcosmic characteristics of PFC3D are coincident with the Brazilian disk destructive processes.The outcome shows that : when the value of

βis between 00and 750，there is a linear relation between I II K K -and β；according to the experimental results ，fitting equation between peak load values and βcan be established to predict the peak load values with different β;according to three-dimensional simulations,it comes to a result that the critical values of tensile and press transition angle on crack tips are greater in three dimensional space than that in two dimensional space ，the error range is between 4% and 7%,in addition that the critical angle has significant spatial effect and gradually increases from surface to mid-span section. As βaugments ，the maximum tensile stress point around fracture is moving from the crack tip towards the center of brazilian disk and the rate monotonously increased with the increase of loading angle .The three-dimensional analytical results denotes that the spatial effect of three fracture modes are