期末词汇复习
期末考试复习词汇语法100题
期末考试复习词汇语法100题2019级（一年级）词汇语法复习100题（4-1）1. Birds learn to fly by ______.A. instanceB. inspectC. instinctD. institute2. The doctors _______ the medicines to the people in the flood area.A. prayedB. packedC. distributedD. undertook3. Much of the news provided by this newspaper is _______, not foreign.A. murderB. strainC. purchaseD. domestic4. He tried to _______ relations with his former wife but he failed.A. measureB. maintainC. shelterD. reply5. He _______ to study harder in the future so that he could have more opportunities to find a better job.A. resolvedB. resortedC. requestedD. reserved6. The _______ work continued for more than a week but there was still no sign of the missing boy.A. researchB. rescueC. vesselD. vast7. _______ energy under the earth must be released in one form or another, for example, an earthquake.A. AccumulatedB. GatheredC. AssembledD. Collected8. However, at times this balance in nature is _______, resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.A. troubledB. disturbedC. confusedD. puzzled9. She is a very ________ secretary: she never forgets anything or makes a mistake.A. anxiousB. effectiveC. adequateD. efficient10. Nancy is only a sort of ________ of her husband’s opinion and has no ideas of her own.A. sampleB. reproductionC. echoD. shadow11. The French pianist who had been praised very highly ______ to be great disappointment.A. turned upB. turned inC. turned outD. turned down12. The boy is eager to _______ knowledge in different fields.A. insertB. absorbC. arrangeD. approach13. If I __________ harder at school, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.A. workedB. were to workC. had workedD. were working14. Chemical changes can ______ energy.A. give offB. give upC. give ofD. give in15. He __________ another career but, at the time, he didn’t have enough money to attend graduate school.A. might have chosenB. might chooseC. had to chooseD. must have chosen16. I was speaking to Jane on the phone when suddenly we were______.A. cut offB. cut downC. cut backD. cut out17. Peter complained to the owner of the bookstore that there were some pages______ in the dictionary.A. losingB. missingC. droppingD. falling18. What she told me about the affair simply doesn’t make any_______.A. ideaB. meaningC. senseD. significance19. The lawyer’s question was a _____ that caused the defendant to admit his guilt.A. planB. plotC. tapD. trap20. Why can’t you do this small ____ for me? I’ve helped you often enough in the past.A. demandB. requestC. favorD. requirement21. People are ______ for peace.A. longingB. shortingC. lackingD. wishing22. In my bedroom, there is a pair of scissors, a stack of books and ______ flowers on my desk.A. a piece ofB. a pocket ofC. a slice ofD. a bunch of23. Ryan was late for conference yesterday traffic jam.A. becauseB. sinceC. forD. because of24. Young as Bill Gates was, he was very good at ________ the computer problems.A. handlingB. designingC. changingD. supplying25. Mike had prepared carefully for his math exam so that he could be sure of passing it on his first ______.A. purposeB. attemptC. intentionD. struggle26. I have two boys but _______ of them likes sweets.A. bothB. neitherC. eitherD. none27. Some stores set ______ special areas where customers can relax.A.downB. upC. offD. on28. Parents have the duty to ______ their children into the adventure of life.A. launchB. decideC. relieveD. set29. She needs someone to ______ in about a very personal problem.A. speakB. decideC. confideD. talk30. You really shouldn’t carry so much money ______ with you.A. ofB. aroundC. onD. along31. He’s tried many things with no particular success, but he is _____ an incapable person.A. in term ofB. by no meansC. in addition toD. by means of32. He went ahead ______ all warnings about the danger of his mission.A. in case ofB. because ofC. regardless ofD. prior to33. She was so _____ in her job that she didn’t hear anybody knocking at the door.A. attractedB. absorbedC. drawnD. concentrated34. During the lecture, the speaker occasionally ____ his point by relating his own experiences.A. illustratedB. hintedC. citedD. displayed35. Whatever one has planned to do is ____ to be altered in the process.A. prohibitedB. eagerC. embarrassedD. bound36. After a long and exhausting journey, they arrived ______.A. till the lastC. by the endD. at the end37. We object ________ punishing a whole group for one person’s fault.A. againstB. aboutC. toD. or38. I can’t ______ what that object is.A. make upB. make overC. make outD. make for39. I’m ______ for New York tomorrow to attend a bu siness meeting.A. settingB. setting inC. setting aboutD. setting out40. You must ______ your fear of heights when standing on the top of Mount T ai.A. conquerB. defeatC. loseD. forget41. At drama school, there is _________ attention to a student’s control of both voice and movement, and the different departments work at developing a student’s overall acting technique.B. worldwideC. primaryD. constant42. The kitchen _____ fresh baked bread, which carried her back to her childhood.A. emergedB. smelled ofC. displayedD. pervaded43. If your child is spending too much time on computer games, think carefully about how you are going to_______ the situation.A. accomplishB. arrangeC. handleD. decrease44. If you drive very fast every day, the ______ are that you’ll have an accident one day.A. probabilitiesB. oddsC. likelihoodsD. misfortunes45. Music, for both of us, is a part of life we treasure, and Michael has found his records and tapes a constant_______ of happiness during the long hours of inactivity forced upon him.A. sourceB. illustrationC. additionD. package46. His knowledge of English is ______ for the job, although he is not fluent in the language.A. properB. effectiveC. adequateD. reliable47. The only way to _______ a fear is to face it, and to do so as frequently as possible.A. commitB. enlargeC. communicateD. conquer48. Our teacher is someone _______ we must show a lot of respect.A. for whomB. in whichC. to whomD. under whom49. He isn’t _______ the habit of saying much when he comes to see us.A. onB. inC. toD. for50. I want to speak to the manager, but the line’s busy andI can’t get _______.A. inB. onC. offD. through51. People who buy sports clothes are often loyal _______ a particular brand.A. toB. withC. overD. by52. I’m afraid I bought the shoes _______ impulse without looking at the price.A. atB. forC. onD. off53. It can be argued, for example, that teaching can be _______ more effectively if teacher and student taketheir appropriate roles.A. disciplinedB. confessedC. accomplishedD. proposed54. You should make sure you know where the parents can be ______, and that they have given you all theinformation you are likely to need about the child.A. connectedB. communicatedC. committedD. contacted55. The “unsinkable”passenger liner Titanic sank on her maiden ______ when she struck an iceberg in theAtlantic.A. tripB. tourC. voyageD. journey56. The result of every accident, however _______, is a rise in the cost of insurance.A. radicalB. rareC. reluctantD. minor57. Jane is very ________ -- if she says she’ll do something she’ll do it.A. relianceB. reliableC. reliantD. relies58. We’ll do our best to help those ________ people after the disaster.A. unfortunateB. fortunateC. misfortuneD. fortune59. This knife of yours needs ________.A. widenB. wideningC. sharpenD. sharpening60. Sometimes it is an advantage to be _______, for example in court.A. emotionallyB. emotionalC. unemotionalD. emotion61. Iron has an important role to play in the ______ working of the human body and is vital to healthy living.A. efficientB. favoriteC. primaryD. current62. The boy _________ turned the TV off as the clock struck ten, time for him to go to bed.A. reluctantlyB. disappointedlyC. fortunatelyD. undoubtedly63. He could see her lips _________ and hoped she would not cry in public again.A. swallowingB. tremblingC. shakingD. stooping64. I started to read newspapers and magazines more, and, for just about the first time in my life, I began totake an interest in ________ affairs.A. personalB. currentC. ancientD. social65. I’d like to ________ that students should be allowed more time for independent study.A. proposeB. commandC. arrangeD. steer66. Although this law does not actually ________ the possession of weapons whose use is illegal, it is clearly moving in that direction.A. prohibitB. allowC. stopD. promote67. Is there anything in your personal life which would _______ the party if it became public?A. embarrassB. appreciateC. wakenD. involve68. Learning ________ help make the difficult task of studying English easier.A. opportunitiesB. processC. strategiesD. materials69. After resting in Sydney for a few weeks, Chichester set off once more _______ his friends attempt todissuade him.A. round the cornerB. by no meansC. in spite ofD. in addition to70. Groups of children sometimes can ________ games of their own, or maybe entertain themselves in theirown way if they are free of adult interference.A. solveB. arrangeC. inventD. challenge71. If you _______ all your efforts on the learning of English, you will eventually learn the language well.A. increaseB. concentrateC. prepareD. hold72. The acting prime minister has announced that the best way to ________ this goal is to unite as manysympathetic people as possible.A. accomplishB. steerC. competeD. manage73. The writer would rather live in his native country, and not be allowed to _______, than go elsewhere and befree to do so.A. writeB. escapeC. publishD. retire74. Last year the advertising rate _______ by 20 percent.A. raisedB. arousedC. aroseD. rose75. Though ________ in a big city, Peter always prefers to paint the primitive scenes of country life.A. grownB. raisedC. tendedD. cultivated76. If you have worked hard ________, you won’t have to sit up all night before the exams.A. at the same timeB. at a timeC. every timeD. at other times77. As a fireman, you must be ready to ________ hardships and even suffer death.A. rejectB. endureC. refuseD. select78. The baby’s first step caused great __________ in the family.A. excitementB. excitedC. excitingD. excitedly79. You can’t let your eyes glide across the lines of a book and ______ an understanding of what you have read.A. come up toB. come up withC. stand up toD. put up with80. Although I liked the appearance of the house, what really made me decide to buy it was the beautiful______ through the window.A. visionB. lookC. pictureD. view81. You may never experience an earthquake or a volcanic eruption in your life, but you will______ changes inthe land.A. adaptB. adoptC. witnessD. define82. Tommy took all the apples, so the teacher told him that he was being______.A. greedyB. gratefulC. generousD. gloomy83. Students sometimes support themselves by ______ of evening jobs.A. waysB. effortsC. meansD. methods84. Mr. Smith spent the weekend in the country as he ______ to the office on Saturday.A. was not necessaryB. must not goC. did not have to goD. ought not to have gone85. The ______colors are red, blue and yellow.A. ordinaryB. primaryC. principalD. average86. He made no ______ at winning the prize..A. decisionB. intentionC. attemptD. mention87. There are plastic and wooden chairs but the _____ are more expensive.A. laterB. lateC. latterD. latest88. Once she has set her mind _____ her goal, there is no stopping her.A. to achieveB. to achievingC. achieveD. achieving89. It is true that these herbs can be used to ______ pain.A. relieveB. minusC. reliefD. plus90. The lecture was so _____ that I couldn’t help yawning.A. boredB. boringC. boreD. bores91. At three thousand feet, wide plains begin to appear, and there is never a moment when some distantmountain is not ______.A. on viewB. at a glanceC. on the sceneD. in sight92. During the summer holiday season there are no ______ rooms in this seaside hotel.A. emptyB. blankC. desertedD. vacant93. With ______ exceptions, the former president does not appear in public now.A. rareB. unusualC. extraordinaryD. unique94. He will have to answer ______ his indecent behaviour one day.A. toB. forC. backD. about95. The opening ceremony is a great ______. It is essential for us to be prepared for that.A. occasionB. placeC. on occasionD. situation96. In those days the Portuguese were trying to reach India by sailing around Africa, but Columbus was ______to prove that India could be reached by sailing west.A. decidedB. determinedC. consideredD. regarded97. Very few plants and animals can _______ heat or cold fora long time.A. sufferB. holdC. acceptD. endure98. I am afraid that the _______ between rich and poor is still widening in our country.A. ditchB. gapC. channelD. distance99. Mom told me to put my dirty clothes in the ________ basket.A. washB. waterC. cleaningD. laundry100. Being a sailor ________ long periods of time away from home.A. involvesB. connectsC. linksD. relatesKeys:1-5. CCDBA 6-10. BABDC 11-15. CBCAA 16-20. ABCDC 21-25. ADDAB 26-30. BBACB 31-35. BCBAD 36-40. BCCDA 41-45. DBCBA 46-50. CDCBD 51-55. ACCDC 56-60. DBADC 61-65. AABBA 66-70. AACCC 71-75. BAADB 76-80. DBABD 81-85. CACCB 86-90. CCBAB 91-95. DDABA 96-100. BDBDA。
2023最新人教版小学一到六年级英语期末复习知识点总结
2023最新人教版小学一到六年级英语期末复习知识点总结小学一至六年级英语期末复习知识点总结一、词汇：1、动词及时态：（1）常见动词的过去式，包括：run-ran, swin-swam, go-went, take-took, come-came, put-put, make-made, find-found, eat-ate, give-gave, have-had, write-wrote, read-read, draw-drew, tell-told, understand-understood等。
2、形容词：（1）有“最”的形容词，比如：the tallest, the most beautiful, the nicest, the most patient等。
（2）有“发音不同”的形容词，比如：big/small, tall/short,thin/thick等。
3、名词：（1）指物的名词，比如：apple, orange, banana, car, bike, book, pencil等；（2）抽象名词，比如：time, people, music, art, education等；（3）地理名词，比如：China, America, United States, Japan, Sydney等；（4）职业名词，比如：teacher, doctor, artist, driver等。
4、代词：（1）人称代词，比如：I, you, we, they等；（2）物主代词，比如：my, your, our, their等；（3）指示代词，比如：this, that, these, those等。
5、冠词：（1）不定冠词a/an；（2）定冠词the，在某些情况下可以省略，如：At weekend.6、介词：（1）时间介词，比如：in, on, at；（2）地点介词，比如：to, from；（3）方式介词，比如：by, with；（4）其他介词，比如：of, for, like, under, behind等。
三年级英语期末复习要点
第一课What’s Your Name?词汇：name, I , come , OK , mom , good , night , see, you, morning , go , what , your , am ,is课后单词：ant bear cat短语：go out 出去come in 进来come here 过来重点句型： 1. Hi !/ Hello!2. What’s your name ? 有两种回答方式：My name’s …… / I’m …….3.Good night. 晚安4.Good morning. 早上好n ame’s= name is what’s = what is I’m = I am第二课Nice to Meet You词汇：thanks , this, friend, nice, meet, class, Miss, bye , have ,day,课后单词：dog elephant fish短语：look at 看….. look at the picture 看图片Listen to 听……listen to the story 听故事重点句型：1.Good morning. 早上好2.How are you? 你好吗？---I’m fine,thanks3.This is my frend,Tutu.这是我的朋友，兔兔4.Nice to meet you.见到你很高兴。
（你也要回答别人）：Nice tomeet you, too.见到你也很高兴。
5.Have a nice day. 祝你玩的开心。
再见的表达方式：Good-bye / See you / bye第三课This Is My Room词汇：afternoon , kid, room, please, sit ,computer, yes , pencil , no , an, eraser, that, bag, book ,chair, desk , stand , ruler (尺子)课后单词：goat hippo insect短语：stand up 站起来，起立sit down 坐下重点句型：1.Good afternoon. 下午好。
大学英语期末考试复习资料
大学英语期末考试复习资料期末考试复习翻译1．Some immigrate to a new land just for economic reasons Others for adventurous motivation, and still others for the values that might suit their own ideals.一些人出于冒险的动机,还有一些是出于更合适于个人发展的价值观的目的2．In order to escape starvation and war in their respective homelands,waves of immigrants bring into developed countries not just menial jobs but also in new ideas and high-tech skills, thus making them more productive而且带来了新思想,高科技，结果使这些国家生产力更强3．A majority of college graduates see employment after graduation as an option to embrace the opportunities to earn enough to live a decent life遇到挣钱过好日子。
4．and it was subsequently translated into five languages后来相继被译成。
5．in the hope that I might recognize her希望我能。
6．Initially, I felt shy and insecure about my job起初我害羞。
7．I felt completely out of place and ended up in early departure from the party 我觉得自己完全。
期末词汇复习题
Unit One1. The Prime Minister commanded that farmers ________ loans from the government.A. would receiveB. receivedC. ought to receiveD. should receive Correct answer: D2. They packed the instruments carefully ____ they would be broken during transportation.A. so thatB. on condition thatC. for fear thatD. provided that Correct answer: C3. Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim ________.A. may be hardly doubtedB. may be seriously doubtedC. may be hard doubtingD. may be doubted serious Correct answer: B4. When he hurried to the airport, he found, to his great disappointment, his ticket and passport ________ at home.A. were leftB. had leftC. have been leftD. had been left Correct answer: D5. Were the wire of a smaller diameter (直径), its resistance ________.A. had been increasedB. was increasedC. might have been increasedD. would be increasedCorrect answer: D6. He always prefers to start early rather than ________ everything to the last minute.A. leaveB. leavingC. leavesD. left Correct answer: A7. Our talk was completely ________out by the roar of the machines. As a result, we had to communicate with gestures. A. decreased B. reduced C. smashed D. drowned Correct answer: D8. She was arrested for ______ state secrets to a foreign reporter in return for her son going abroad.A. getting awayB. giving awayC. breaking awayD. putting away Correct answer: B9. Can you ______ furnishing your house luxuriously at a time when the company is losing so much money?A. verifyB. identifyC. justifyD. clarify Correct answer: C10. There _______ new problems in respect of the relationship between the two countries in recent years.A. roseB. raisedC. liftedD. arose Correct answer: D11. The professor kept speaking about his new discovery in the field, only ____ occasionally to have a mouthful of tea. A. dropping off B. breaking off C. putting off D. setting off Correct answer: B12. His health ________ as he ate too little and worked too hard for months on end.A. broke upB. broke throughC. broke downD. broke off Correct answer: C13. After the meeting the workers went back to their ________ workshops.A. respectableB. respectiveC. respectfulD. respected Correct answer: B14. His answer was so confused that I could hardly make any ________ of it at all.A. interpretationB. meaningC. reasonD. sense Correct answer: D15. No one in the class could ________ the right answer to the question.A. describeB. furnishC. installD. assess Correct answer: B16. The dentist could ________ no signs of decay in my teeth.A. determineB. defineC. assignD. detect Correct answer: D17. To his great joy he discovered that his ears became ________.A. sensitiveB. awareC. efficientD. sensible Correct answer: A18. We need to make sure that we ________ our resources as fully as possible.A. achieveB. operateC. exploitD. expel Correct answer: C19. The economy looks set to ________ its growth into next year.A. endureB. persistC. remainD. sustain Correct answer: D20. It was such a(n) ________ to hear that Marta was found safe and well.A. concernB. anxietyC. expectationD. relief Correct answer: D21. I think you should question their ________ in offering to lend you the money.A. motivesB. reasonsC. idealsD. initiatives Correct answer: A22. The government is trying to _____ public confidence in its management of the economy.A. recoverB. relieveC. preserveD. restore Correct answer: D23. Unless you have a heated greenhouse we feel you will have difficulty in keeping the plant for very long indoors because they like a really warm and _______ atmosphere.A. vividB. amusedC. moistD. contaminated Correct answer: C24. I don't think his remarks are relevant ________ our discussion.A. toB. atC. forD. with Correct answer: A25. He won't succeed any way, ________ hard he tries.A. whateverB. no matterC. asD. however Correct answer: DUnit Two26. According to the American federal government, residents of Hawaii have the longest life ________: 77.2 years.A. rankB. scaleC. spanD. scope Correct answer: C27. As a public relations officer, he is said ________ some very influential people.A. to knowB. to be knowingC. to have been knowingD. to have known Correct answer: D28. A season ticket _______the holder to make as many journeys as he wishes within the stated period of time.A. entitlesB. grantsC. presentsD. promises Correct answer: A29. Purchasing the new production line will be a ________ deal for the company.A. forcefulB. tremendousC. favoriteD. profitable Correct answer: D30. Government reports, examinations, compositions, legal documents, and most business letters are the main situations ________ formal language is used.A. in whichB. at whatC. on whichD. in that Correct answer: A31. Fifty years ago, wealthy people liked hunting wild animals for fun ________ sightseeing.A. rather than to goB. more than goingC. other than goingD. than to go Correct answer: C32. The older New England villages have changed relatively little ________ a gas station or two in recent decades.A. except forB. studyC. exceptD. besides Correct answer: A33. The president promised to keep all the board members ________ of how the negotiations were going on.A. informB. informingC. be informedD. informed Correct answer: D34. Petrol is refined from the ________ oil we take out of the ground.A. crudeB. freshC. rudeD. original Correct answer: A35. He has recently ________ golf for relaxation.A. taken upB. taken withC. taken onD. taken over Correct answer: A36. When you enter the quiet room, be sure ________ the silence.A. not to breakB. not breakingC. to not breakD. not to breaking Correct answer: A37. Elliot followed his friend to her own club where everyone treats him as if he ________ the president.A. wereB. should beC. beD. had been Correct answer: A38. He had a ________ escape from the gas explosion.A. slimB. thinC. smallD. narrow Correct answer: D39. Japan's bombing of Pearl Harbor was ________ dangerous an undertaking ________ be scarcely believable.A. so... as toB. such... as toC. very... toD. so... that to Correct answer: A40. We hurried on, our heads ________ against the wind, to the bright light ahead.A. being bentB. bentC. was bentD. was bending Correct answer: C41. In the old days people only had a ________ idea of what other countries were like.A. coughB. toughC. roughD. crude Correct answer: C42. This is a group of six boys ____ A ____ 14 to 17. A. aged B. ages C. aging D. ageUnit Three43.This diploma (毕业文凭) ________ that you have completed high school.A.EntitlesB. certifiesC. securesD.approves Correct answer: B44.The article ________ China's educational achievements during the past 20 years and outlined its development plansfor the new century. A.predicted B.witnessed C.highlighted D.intensified Correct answer: C45.The manager promised to have my complaint ________.A.looked throughB.looked intoC.looked overD.looked after Correct answer:B46.He is watching TV? He's _______ to be cleaning his room.A.knownB.supposedC.regardedD.considered Correct answer:B47.I have already commented that colours will not show up unless the ________ of the light is sufficiently great.A.intensityB.densityC.intentionD.temperature Correct answer:A48.It is well-known that the retired workers in our country are __________ free medical care.A.involvedB.associated withC.entitled toD.assigned to Correct answer:C49.The room is dark; Mr. Smith ________ to bed.A.should goB.should have goneC.must goD.must have gone Correct answer:D50.The famous actress did not show up at the party, _______ is disappointing.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.it Correct answer:B51.He is not ________ to recover from the shock in one day or two.A.possibleB.probableC.capableD.likely Correct answer:D52.No educational system is perfect. Each one has its _________.A.bordersB.frontiersC.limitsD.limitations Correct answer:D53.The girl will get _________ her nervousness once she is on stage.A.overB.throughC.offD.away Correct answer:A54.Scarcely had the old man gone out ____C_____.A.that it started to rainB.than it started to rainC.when it started to rainD.and it started to rain55.You are invited to the party ________ at our institute 8:00 p.m. tomorrow.A.having beenB.givenC.to giveD.to be given Correct answer:D56.The editor _______ the article to make it fit the space available in a magazine.A.cut downB.cut offC.cut awayD.cut out Correct answer:A57.The number plate on Sean's car came ________ and had to be tightened.A.loseB.looseC.lostD.loosen Correct answer:B58."What is the new literature course like?" "It ______ the students aren't required to attend lectures."A.differs with the old course becauseB.is different than the old course due toC.differs from the old course in thatD.is different from the old course with respect to Correct answer:C59.Since the publication of the novel, his reputation as a detective writer has been well ________.A.basedB.establishedC.setD.built Correct answer:B60.We must _______ that the telegram arrives in time.A.secureB.ensureC.assureD.cure Correct answer:B61.No matter how hard he tried, he couldn't get the _______ of his opponent.A.superiorityB.betterC.victory Dbest Correct answer:B62.It is recommended that the project ________ until all the preparations have been made.A.is not startedB.will not be startedC.not be startedD.is not to be started Correct answer:C63.Her hair is _________. A.the same color as her mother B.the same color as her mother'sC.same color as her motherD.same color as her mother's Correct answer:B64.I'm going to start now __________ miss the beginning.A.not toB.so as not toC.in order notD.so as not Correct answer:B65.The film was not as good as I had expected. If I ________ it was boring, I would not have gone.A. have knownB.would knowC. had knownD.know Correct answer:C66.The businessmen are _________ over the sale of the diamonds.A.arguingB.discussingC.bargainingD.negotiating Correct answer:C67.I'd like to take __________ of this opportunity to thank you all for your co-operation.A.askedB.benefitC.occasionD.advantage Correct answer:D68.Dinner will be ready _________, but we will have time for a drink.A.currentlytelyC.presentlyD.suddenly Correct answer:C69.He didn't take the flat because he couldn't afford the _________.A.fareB.hireC.rent C.salary Correct answer:C70.To be _________ with you, I don't agree with what you told me.A.sincereB.concernedC.truthfulD.frank Correct answer:DUnit Four71.He does not ________ his workmates and there are often disagreements between them.A.go on withB.put up withC.get along withD.keep up with Correct answer:C72.Hot metal ________ as it grows cooler.A.contractsB.reducesC.condensespresses Correct answer:A73.Although the pay is not good, people usually find social work ________ in other ways.A.payableB.respectfulC.gratefulD.rewarding Correct answer:D74.Jack will ________ his nervousness once he's in front of the camera.A. get awayB.get offC.get throughD.get over Correct answer:D75.I didn't know what to do but then an idea suddenly ________ to me.A.happenedB.enteredC.occurredD.hit Correct answer:C76.He has been ________ of murdering the Japanese visitor.A.blamedB.chargedC.accusedD.arrested Correct answer:C77.We've ________ salt. Ask Mrs. Jones to lend us some.A.run away withB.run downC.run offD.run out of Correct answer:D78.Regardless ________ his appearance, he is innocent.A.toB.inC.ofD.for Correct answer:C79.The capital gathers in many of the elite (精英) of China, yet some cannot ________ their talents into full playbecause of the fierce competition.A.carryB.bringC.hold C.take Correct answer:B80.Some newly-married couples think that it will give them a sense of achievement to properly rear a child and to seehim or her ________ to be a useful person.A.fall outB.turn outC.carry outD.take out Correct answer:B81.Universities are being given job ________ by companies and individuals and set out to approve their reliability andreputation before accepting service requests.A.virtuesB.victimsC.vacationsD.vacancies Correct answer:D82.The university is now making efforts to make the supply and demand of information more ________ and to protectstudents' rights with legal advice.A.transparentB.visibleC.applicableD.practical Correct answer:A83.The scientists have been ________ the necessary funds for their research program.A.deniedB.ignoredC.neglectedD.refused Correct answer:A84.To identify a poison you must be able either to ___ a chemical analysis or observe the poison at work on the victim.A.carry outB.call upC.build upD.break out Correct answer:A85.Mercy killing (安乐死) is usually understood as a merciful act to _______ a terminally-ill patient's unbearable pain.A.releaseB.retreatC.receiveD.relieve Correct answer:D86.Occasional reports about relevant cases and the results of scholarly research often have ________ the issue ofeuthanasia (安乐死) since the 1980s.A.arousedB.arrivedC.roseD.raised Correct answer:D87.Among all the possible choices, large international enterprises have never lost their ________.A.approvalB. appearanceC.appreciationD.appeal Correct answer:D88.It's competence that counts. No specific major is required. Neither is a Master's degree _______ to a Bachelor'sdegree. A.available B.desirable C.preferable D.admirable Correct answer:C89.The little boy and the dog ________ each other as soon as they met.A.took afterB.took toC.took inD.took up Correct answer:B90.The man asked for a divorce because he could no longer ________ his noisy wife.A. take care ofB. make use ofC. put up withD. put out of Correct answer:C91.Lions don't harm domestic animals if wild ones are ________.A. adaptableB. availableC. acceptableD. achievable Correct answer:BUnit Five92.His answer was so confused that I could hardly make any ________ of it at all.A. interpretationB. explanationC. meaningD. sense Correct answer:D93.Two of the children have to sleep in one bed, but the other three have ________ ones.A. completeB. singularC. separateD. different Correct answer:C94.I remember seeing him some years ago, but I don't ________ what he said.A. remindB. recognizeC. recallD. reflect Correct answer:C95.If you think you can do my job better than I can, you are welcome to ________.A. take it overB. take it offC. take it downD. take it in Correct answer:A96.His results are not very ________. He does well one week and badly the next.A. invariableB. consequentC. consistentD. continuous Correct answer:C97.The government is determined to _____ the established policy of developing agriculture.A. go afterB. go byC. go aheadD. go on Correct answer:B98.Shortly after his retirement, the former president ________ gardening and hunting.A. took toB. took onC. took inD. took after Correct answer:A99.Most nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a ________.A. scarcityB. minorityC. minimumD. shortage Correct answer:B100.He looked ________, as if he'd missed a night's sleep.A. worn outB. worn offC. worn awayD. worn through Correct answer:A101.The patient's progress was very encouraging as he could _______ get out of bed without help.A. nearlyB. onlyC. merelyD. barely Correct answer:A102.They don't know how to put in a central-heating system, but they managed it by trial and ________.A. faultB. slipC. errorD. mistake Correct answer:C103.His dramatic change in opinion was ________ by the unspeakable wrong done to him.A. brought outB. brought toC. brought upD. brought about Correct answer:D104.He was ________ admittance to the restaurant for not being properly dressed.A. deniedB. rejectedC. stoppedD. accepted Correct answer:A105.They are well ________ with each other since they once studied in the same university.A. acquaintedB. recognizedC. acknowledgedD. identified Correct answer:A106.Old Mr. Brown's condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will ________.A. pull throughB. pull upC. pull backD. pull out Correct answer:A107.The rain looked as though it had ___C_____ for the night. A. set off B. set out C. set in D. set up108.He did his best to stay awake, but the performance was so boring he just _____ to sleep.A. dropped awayB. dropped outC. dropped offD. dropped down Correct answer:C109._______ available annually to the University for publishing books are exhausted for the present.A. ExpensesB. CostsC. FundsD. Money Correct answer:C110.________ for your laziness, you could have finished the assignment by now.A. Had it not beenB. Weren't itC. It were notD. Had not it been Correct answer:A111.Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication _______ the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered. A. in that B. in which C. in order that D. so that Correct answer:A112.________ I admit that the problems are difficult, I don't agree that they can't be solved.A. SupposeB. BecauseC. WhileD. Until Correct answer:C113.We were greatly encouraged by the news of China _______ another man-made satellite.A. to have launchedB. to launchC. launchedD. having launched Correct answer:D114.The revolutionary fighter would rather die with his head high than _____ with his knees bent.A. to liveB. livingC. liveD. lived Correct answer:C115.Tim cannot but ________ his supervisor to help him solve the difficulty he has in doing his project.A. to askB. askC. askingD. asked Correct answer:B116.I did not mean ________ anything, but those apples looked so good I couldn't resist ________ one.A. to eat; tryingB. to eat; to tryingC. eating; to tryD. eating; to trying Correct answer:A117.________, they have boldly undertaken the construction of a 26-story building.A. As they are youngB. Young as they areC. They are as youngD. As young as they are Correct answer:B 118.Don't worry about your son's illness. What he really needs is ________ a few days' rest.A. nothing butB. anything butC. something butD. everything but Correct answer:A119.________ you go on the earth, there is always gravity to keep you from falling off.A. WhenB. WhereverC. SinceD. Because Correct answer:B120.The government is believed to be considering ______ a law making it a crime to import any kind of weapon.A. to passB. passedC. have passedD. passing Correct answer:D121.The dictionary is to the student ________ the tool is to the worker.A. whatB. thatC. as ifD. though Correct answer:A122.________ is a fact many smokers choose to ignore.A. To smoke is harmful to healthB. It is harmful to health to smokeC. That smoking is harmful to one's healthD. Smoking is harmful to health Correct answer:C123.John spoke through a microphone so that he ________ in every room.A. could hearB. had been heardC. could be heardD. heard Correct answer:C124.The important role played by women in ________ used to be considered "a man's world" began to have effects on attitudes to the English language.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. how Correct answer:B125.Professor Brown, together with three lecturers, ________ attending a meeting on energy now.A. isB. areC. wasD. were Correct answer:A126.I must tell you that you ____C____ in your red overcoat the other night.A. look so handsomeB. are looking so handsomeC. looked so handsomeD. were looked so handsome127.I'd rather you ______ anything about it for the time being. You should take a break first.A. not doB. don't doC. didn't doD. won't do Correct answer:C128.The firm decided after a board meeting that the old machinery in the factories ________ with.A. do awayB. be done awayC. has done awayD. has been done away Correct answer:B129.___C_____ in his reading that Susan hadn't dared to make a sound.A. So was he absorbedB. So absorbed he wasC. So absorbed was heD. So he was absorbed。
高考英语新人教课本词汇语块期末总复习 必修一 Unit 1
高考英语新人教课本词汇语块期末总复习必修一Unit 1一、阅读单词（识认）1. ballet n. 芭蕾舞2. teenage adj. 十几岁的（指13至19岁）；青少年的3. greenhouse n. 温室；暖房4. title n. 名称；标题；职称；头衔5 freshman n. 新生6. literature n. 文学；文学作品7. extracurricular adj. 课外的；课程以外的8. extra adj. 额外的；附加的9. adventure n. 冒险；奇遇10. editor n. 主编；编辑；编者11. generation n. 一代（人）12. adult n. 成年人adj. 成年的；成熟的二、重点单词（背诵）1. movement n. 动作；运动；活动2. actually adv. 事实上；的确3. teenager n. （13至19岁之间的）青少年4. debate n. 辩论；争论vt. & vi. 辩论；争论5. content n. 内容；(pl.) 目录；主题6. topic n. 话题；标题7. recommend vt. 建议；推荐；介绍8. obviously adv. 显然；明显地9. quit vi. & vt. 停止；戒掉；离开10. schedule n. 工作计划；日程安排vt. 安排；预定111. youth n. 青年时期；青春12. expert n. 专家；行家adj. 熟练的；内行的；专家的13. focus vi. & vt. 集中（精力、注意力等）n. 中心；重点；焦点三、词性转换（会用）1. volunteer n. 志愿者vt. & vi. 自愿voluntary adj. 志愿的；自愿的2. prefer vt. 较喜欢；选择某事物（而不选择其他事物）preference n. 偏爱；爱好3. suit n. 一套外衣；套装vt. 适合；使适宜suitable adj. 合适的；适用的4. challenge n. 挑战；艰巨任务vt. 怀疑；向……挑战challenging adj. 具有挑战性的5. confuse vt. 使糊涂；使迷惑confusing adj. 难以理解的；不清楚的confused adj. 糊涂的；迷惑的confusion n. 困惑；混淆6. fluent adj. （尤指外语）流利的；熟练的fluently adv. 流利地fluency n. 流利7. graduate vi. & vt. 毕业；获得学位n. 毕业生graduation n. 毕业8. advance n. 前进；发展vi. 前进；发展vt. 发展；促进advanced adj. 高级的；高等的；先进的9. responsible adj. 负责的；有责任的responsibility n. 责任；义务10. solution n. 解决办法；答案solve v. 解决；处理；解答；破解11. survive vi. 幸免；幸存；生还vt. 幸免于survival n. 生存；幸存；幸存事物survivor n. 幸存者12. behaviour n. 行为；举止behave v. 表现；表现得体；有礼貌；表现得……的13. attract vt. 吸引；引起……的注意（或兴趣）attractive adj. 吸引人的；有吸引力的attraction n. 吸引；吸引力；吸引人的事物14. addict vt. 使上瘾n. 对……入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人addicted adj. 有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的addictive adj. 使人上瘾的addiction n. 瘾；入迷；嗜好四、练习——单句语法填空1. The biggest ____________ in our life is ____________ ourselves to overcome the ____________ problems. (challenge)2. The gentleman ____________ a flat in the countryside to one in the city because he has developed a ____________ for the quietness of the country. (prefer)3. A large number of ____________ from the university ____________ to teach in the remote villages. Their ____________ work is well worth praising. (volunteer)4. He was really ____________ by the ____________ problem which also ____________ other people for a long time. (confuse)5. My brother is a ____________ in physics and he ____________ from Beijing University. He has been working in a famous company since ____________. (graduate)6. There are a great many tourist ____________ in China worth visiting. For example, so ____________ is the Summer Palace that it ____________ many visitors from home and abroad. (attract)7. With the help of the ____________ technology, we can complete the task in ____________. (advance)8. The youth should be ____________ for their own behaviors and they are to shoulder the ____________ of improving our society. (responsible)【答案】1. challenge; to challenge; challenging2. prefers; preference3. volunteers; volunteer; voluntary4. confused; confusing; confused5. graduate; graduated; graduation6. attractions; attractive; attracts7. advanced; advance8. responsible; responsibility五、短语词块（提分必备）1. prefer ... to ... 喜欢……多于……2. clean up 打扫（或清除）干净3. suitable for 对……适合的4. sign up (for sth.) 报名（参加课程）5. be responsible for 对……负责6. focus on 集中；特别关注7. try out for 角逐；参加选拔8. hand out 分发9. the number of ……的数量10. behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体11. get used to 习惯于12. keep up with 赶上13. drop out of school 辍学14. be grateful for 因为……而感激15. make the most of 充分利用…。
BOOK2期末复习unit4背诵版
Unit 4 revision单元重点回顾II. 派生词DerivativesIII. 短语PhrasesPart 1课文原句及翻译1. Xiao Kong is doing a research project on Confucius Philosophy.小孔正在做一个关于孔子哲学的研究项目。
2.An idiom is an expression which means something different from the meaning of the individual words. 习语是一种表达方式，它的意思不同于单个单词的意思。
3. What are the four countries of the United Kingdom? 组成英国的4个部分是什么？4. According to the text, what are the two chief advantages of studying the history of a country?根据本文，研究一个国家的历史的两个主要优点是什么?5. In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England.在16世纪，附近的威尔士与英格兰王国联合了起来。
6.The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.属于英国的这四个国家在某些方面共同合作。
7. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. 像拥有相同的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗（称为“英国国旗”）。
新版PEP五年级英语下册期末复习知识点归纳
新版PEP五年级英语下册期末复习资料一、重点词汇。
eatbreakfast吃早餐have···class上···课playsports进行体育运动exercise活动，运动domorningexercises早锻炼eatdinner吃晚饭cleanmyroom打扫我的房间goforawalk散步goshopping去购物take学习，上（课）dancing舞蹈takeadancingclass上舞蹈课a.m.上午p.m.下午usually通常地二、其他日常活动。
getup起床eatlunch吃午饭gotobed上床睡觉washmyface洗脸washmyclothes洗我的衣服watchTV看电视playping-pong打乒乓球playthepipa弹琵琶goswimming去游泳gorunning去跑步dohomework做作业dokungfu练武术playfootball踢足球playbasketball打篮球三、语音cl→[cl]：cleanclockclasscleverpl→[pl]：plateeggplantpleaseplay注意：cl和pl放在词尾与e结合变为cle和ple时发音不同。
四、频率副词always总是，一直（100%）usually通常（80%）often经常（60%）sometimes（30%）有时五疑问词why为什么when什么时候六重点句型1、询问别人什么时候做某事的句型及回答。
句型结构：问：Whendoyou+动词短语原形+其他？（你/你们什么时候做某事？）答：I/we（+频度副词）+动词短语原形+at+具体时间（我/我们通常在几点做某事。
）例：Whendoyougotobed（你什么时候上床睡觉？）Igotobedat9：00p.m.（我晚上9点上床睡觉。
）注意：当主语是第三人称单数（he,she,it,单个人名或单数名词）时，助动词do要变成does,句型结构是：whendoes+主语（第三人称单数）+动词短语原形+其他？2、询问别人周末做什么的句型及回答。
四年级一个词多义(期末复习)
四年级一个词多义(期末复习)
引言
本文档为四年级学生期末复提供了关于一个词多义的相关内容。
在研究过程中，了解一个词的多义是提高词汇水平和语文能力的重
要一环。
词义解释
以下是一些常见的多义词及其不同的词义解释：
1. 银行：银行：
- 指金融机构，提供存款和贷款等金融服务的机构。
- 指与河流或湖泊等水域形成的岸边。
2. 头：头：
- 指人或动物的部分，位于身体的最上部，含有大脑和感觉器
官等。
- 指团体或组织的领导人。
3. 能：能：
- 指具有实现某种目标或任务的能力。
- 指能源或体力等能够提供动力的物质或力量。
4. 笔：笔：
- 指用来写字的工具，通常由笔杆和笔尖组成。
- 指一种计量单位，如计算机存储容量的单位。
5. 弓：弓：
- 指一种用来射箭的武器，通常由弯曲的材料和弦组成。
- 指一种用来拉紧线或弓形物体的工具。
总结
了解一个词的多义是提高词汇理解和语文能力的重要一环。
通过掌握常见词语的多义和对应的词义解释，可以更好地理解和运用这些词语。
以上是有关四年级一个词多义的内容，希望能对学生们的期末复习有所帮助。
Unit4重点词汇变形知识点期末复习背诵清单-高中英语人教版
A1.intelligent adj.有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的(1)an intelligent student一个聪明的学生(2)intelligence n.智力;聪明;智能a person of high/low intelligence智力高/低的人intelligence quotient 智商(IQ)artificial intelligence人工智能(AI)adj.有决心的;意志坚定的(1)be determined to do sth 决心做某事（状态）be determined that...决定……(2)determine v.查明;确定;决定determine to do sth 决定做某事（动作）determine on/upon决定;决心(3)determination n.意志;决心adj.失望的;沮丧的(1)be disappointed at/by sth对某事感到失望be disappointed in/with sb 对某人感到失望(2)disappoint vt.使失望disappointing adj.令人失望的(3)disappointment n.失望to one’s disappointment令某人失望的是n.渴望;欲望vt.渴望;期望(1)have the desire to do sth 有做某事的愿望/欲望desire for sth 对某事的渴望(2)desire to do sth 渴望做某事desire that sb(should) do sth 期望某人做某事(3)desirable adj.理想的;值得做的on继续做,坚持干carry on with sth 继续某事;坚持某事carry on doing sth 继续做某事carry out实施;开展;执行carry away拿走;带走;搬走;使激动;使着迷carry off抢走;窃走;赢得;摘走奖牌carry through完成;帮助……渡过难关adv.独立地;自立地(1)independent adj.独立的;自立的independence n.独立;自立(2)depend vi.依靠;依赖depend on依靠;依赖;取决于That/It all depends.视情况而定。
人教版七年级上册英语期末复习词汇专练
人教版七年级上册期末重点词汇及专练一．重点单词1.(n.)号码；数字2．(adj.)第一3．(n.)家；家庭4．(n.)叔父；伯父；姑父；姨父5．(n.)照片6．(adj.&n.)下一个(的) 7．(n.)父(母)亲8．(n.)老师；教师9．(n.)表；手表(v.)注视；观看10．(n.)词典；字典11. (n.)图书馆12．(prep.)在……下面13．(n.)收音机；无线电广播14．(n.)飞机15．(adj.)整洁的；井井有条的16．(v.)听起来好像17．(adj.)困难的18．(adj.)容易的；不费力的19．(adj.)迟到20．(n.)同班同学21. (n.)西红柿22．(n.)面包23．(n.)蔬菜24．(n.)(中午或晚上吃的)正餐25．(n.)鸡肉26．(n.)习惯27．(n.)问题28．(v.)想要；需要29．(n.)毛衣30．(adj.)小的；小号的31. (v.)出售；销售；卖32．(num.)第二十33．(n.)八月34．(num.)第五35．(n.)节日36．(n.)音乐37．(n.)科目38．(n.)地理39．(n.)星期三40．(v.)完成二．词性变化1.one→第一→一次2．this→(对应词) →(复数) 3．friend→友好的→友谊4．easy→(副词) →(反义词) 5．relax→令人放松的→感到轻松的6.many→更多的→最多的7．help→有益的8．play→播放器；选手9．think→思想→思想家10．know→知识→知识渊博的11.fat→(比较级) →(最高级)12．health→(形容词) →(副词)13．sell→(名词)14．art→(名词，艺术家)15.happy→(反义词) →(名词)16．music→(形容词) →音乐家17．use→(形容词)18．five→第五→十五→五十专项训练一单词拼写1.Anna likes English best. English is her favorite s.2.He is a basketball f. He really likes Yao Ming.3.You don't have English class today so you can t out your English dictionary from your schoolbag.4.I can't see my kite because it's b the door.5.My friends and I often go r near the lake in front of my house.6.Liu Wei can't play the piano with his hands but he can play with his f.二词形转换1.When they felt ________ after the flood, the charity offered them food and clothes.(help)2.Their lifestyle is quite different from ________．(we)3.Anna secretly put a pair of blue ________ under the Christmas tree.(glove)4.Don't give up, even though we have failed twice. Let's have a ________ try.(three)5.Thanks a lot. Your ________ is important to me.(friend)6.There isn't any ________ between the two books.I really don't know which I should choose.(different)7.English is ________ used and more and more people all over the world begin to speak it nowadays.(wide)8.Tim's family moved to a new neighborhood and they lived in the ________ floor.(twelve)9.Getting closer to the city center, we saw a stone statue about 10 meters in ________．(high)10.The first ________ began to talk, rather fast and loudly.(speak)11.You will see ________rainbow after the rain. So believe in yourself！(color)三词形转换1.Many ________ came to the hometown of the great man during the vacation.(visit)2. The sofa is terribly heavy. Can you move it by ________？(you)3.Our teacher often gives us advice on how to deal with teenagers' ________．(problem)4. In most countries, people ________ eat traditional food on special holidays.(usual)5. Dave really likes driving. I think being a ________ is just right for him.(drive)6. Nowadays, mobile phones play a very important role in our ________ life.(day)7.Spring rain helps crops grow well and brings ________ hope for a good year ahead.(farm)8.I usually go ________ at a supermarket near my house. It is between the post office and the library.(shop)9. The year 2019 will be the ________ birthday of China—our great motherland. (seventy)10. The old man is a university ________. Almost all his students love him.(teach)四根据句意及所给汉语提示完成单词1.My skirt is (紫色的).2.There are some (字典) on the shelf.You can borrow one.3.Dave and Lin Hai are not brothers.They are good (朋友).4.My brother bought a (电脑) for my mother and father.5.It’s my brother’s (模型) plane.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空6.His (one) name is Tom,and his last name is Brown.7.His family (go) to Beijing for vacation every year.8.Here(be) four nice pictures of my family.9.The green pen is mine and the red one is (her).10.My computer is not in my room.It’s in my (parents) room.五根据句意及首字母提示完成单词1.September is the n month of the year.2.We all like h food.3.S is the first day of the week.4.W is your mother’s birthday?5.—What’s your favorite s, Li Ming?—Music.六单词拼写1. The_________(女士) in red and yellow are my two aunts.2. We have an art________(节日) each year in our school.3. Good eating________(习惯) are very important to our health.4. I like to have bread and milk for_________(早餐).5. I want to learn English well because it is_________(有用的).6. Here are some__________(照片)of my family. Do you want to have a look?7. Jim's birthday is on _________10th (十一月).8. It's 8: 30 now. David is_________(迟到) for class again.9. It's my_________(十二) birthday today. My mother buys me a beautiful dress.10. Welcome to my__________(儿子) birthday party, Cindy!11. My name is Gina Green. Gina is my f_______ name.12. This store s______ all kinds of T-shirts, sweaters and more.13. Thanks for c_______ to my birthday party.14. My grandpa has a r_______ and he always listens to news on it every day.15. I'm r______ busy today because I have too much homework to do.七单词拼写根据下列句子及所给的首字母，在答题纸上按题号写出各单词的正确、完全形式（每空限填一词）。
期末复习
country复
would like
ones
we will
pairs
happily
happier
cities
countries
同want
期末复习（三）词形转换
sure(同义词
dish(复数)
help(形容词)
wash(单三)
make(v.ing)
China(adj.)
good(adv.)
good最高级
5.Can I help you?=What can I do for you?
25.Chinese food is nice.
6.I can make the bed.(否)---Ican’t make the bed.
26. I can’t use chopsticks well.
7.LiShan can do the dishes(一般问句)
33. The supermarket is behind it.
13.What’s your favorite food?
34. It is50 yuan. How much is it?
My favorite food is hamburgers.
35The socks are5 yuan.How much are they?
期末复习（一）语音
期末复习（二）词汇
一．名词
1.food: hamburgers rice dumplings noodles eggs cakes chocolate beef
2.fruit: apples pears peaches grapes oranges bananas
3.drinks: coffee tea milk juice soup
词汇学期末复习资料
1.Words Motivation言语理据：deals with the connection between name (word-symbol) and its sense (meaning). It is the relationship between the word structure and its meaning. There are four types of motivation, which are Onomatopoeic motivation,Morphologic motivation, Semantic motivation and etymologic motivation.(1) Onomatopoeic motivation:拟声理据Onomatopoeic motivation means defining the principle of motivation by sound. For example, bow-wow, bang, ping-pong, miaow, tick-tuck ,haha and the like are Onomatopoeic words. Knowing the sounds means understanding the meaning of a word.(2) Morphologic motivation:形态理据It means that we observe the connection between morphemic structure of the word and its meaning. For example,if one knows the meaning of the affix and the base, say –able and learn, then one can immediately tell that the meaning of the word learnable is “that can be learned”. (3)Semantic motivation:语义理据Semantic motivation refers to the mental association suggested by the conceptual meaning of a word. For example: When we speak of a stony heart we are comparing the heart with a stone.(4) etymologic motivation: 词源理据It explains the words whose meanings are closely associated with their origins, i.e. the meanings of the words. For example, now people use pen for any writing tool though it originally denotes “feather” because before modern pens were created, feathers were commonly used as writing tool.2.Meanings of meaning: There are seven types of meaning which is proposed by G. Leech.(1)conceptual meaning:概念意义it is the literal meaning. It is concerned with the relationship between a word and the thing refers to. eg: the word "desk" is explained as a piece of furniture in the dictionary. (2)connotative meaning:内涵意义it refers to the meaning implied. eg: woman is a tiger and in this sentence, the word "woman" is connotative meaning.（3）social meaning: if refers to social circumstances. eg: the meaning of the word black differs in the two collcations of black hair and black tea.(4)affective meaning: 情感意义it refers to emotion or the feeling expressed by the speaker or writer. For example, the woman is cute. In this sentence, the word "cute" expresses the author's favor to woman..(5)reflective meaning:联想意义it refers to meaning undetected in communication. Take the word "table" as an example. It is a very common word in English. If we look it up in any dictionary, we will find that it has at least the following three meanings: a piece of furniture, all the people seated at a table, the food that is put on a table.(6)collocativemeaning:搭配意义it is communicated through association with words which tend to occur in the environment of other word..For instance, the phrase "see a film" is ofen used in everyday life but not "read a film".(7)thematic meaning: it is communicated by the way in which the message is organized in terms of other and emphasis. For example, "It is until the midnight that my father worked in the lab", this sentence emphasis time adverbial and it's theme is that my father worked hard "until the midnight". However, in this sentence "It is my father that worked until the midnight in the lab", it emphasis the subject "my father"3.词义关系(1)Synonymy:同义关系refers to the sameness or close similarity of meaning. Words that are close in meaning are called synonyms. ①Dialectal synonyms—synonyms used in different regional dialects. Eg. British English: autumn. American English: fall.②S tylistic synonyms---Synonyms differing in style. Eg. Start, begin, commence ③Synonyms that different in their emotive or evaluative meaning. Eg. The two words collaborator and accomplice are synonymous inthat they share the meaning of “a person who helps another”, but they differ in that a collaborator helps another in doing something good, while an accomplice helps another ina criminal act. ④S emantically different synonyms. Eg. The two words amaze and astound are very close in meaning to the word surprise, but have very subtle differences. While amaze suggests confusion and bewilderment, astound suggests difficulty in believing. ⑤Collocational s ynonyms. Eg. charge…. With, rebuke….for, sour milk (2).Polysemy:多义现象It refers to different words may have the same or similar meaning, the same one word may have more than one meaning. Eg. If we look up he word “table” in any dictionary, we will find the following meanings: 1)a piece of furniture, 2)all the people seated at table, 3)the food that is put on the table, 4)a thin flat piece of stone, metal, wood, etc, and so on(3).Homonymy同音异义refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form. 1)Homophones同音异义—when two words are identical in sound. Eg. Meet/meat; son/sun; night/knight; Homonymy Homographs同形异义—when two words are identical in spelling. Eg. minute n/minute adj; tear v./ tear n ; lead v./lead n. Complete homonyms—when two words are identical in both spelling and sound. Eg. Fast adj./ fast v. scale n./scale v.(4).Hyponymy下义关系It refers to the sense relation between a more general, moreinclusive word and a more specific word. the word which is more general in meaning is called superordinate上义词, and the more specific words are called its hyponyms下义词. Eg. Superordinate: animal, hyponyms: dog, cat, tiger, lion, fox, bear.(5)Antonymy 反义关系It’s the term used for oppositeness of meaning. ①Gradable antonyms分级反义词(a matter of degree). Eg.Old—middle-aged—young; hot-warm-cold .②Complementary antonyms互补反义词(the denial of one member of pair implies the assertion of the other) . Eg. Alive—dead; male—female; ③Relational opposites关系反义词(Pairs of words that exhibit the reversal of a relationship between the two items are called relational opposites)Eg. father-son; teacher-pupil; doctor-patient; buy-sell; above-below; north-south(6)Taxonomy:分类关系it is a classified structure formed by different level of types of lexicon. The relation between different types of lexicon is taxonomy. The lexicon contains a narrow type which is called taxonyms. While the lexicon contains a wide type on a superior level is superordinate. The lexicons in the same level are co-taxonyms. For example: plant can be divided into lichen, creeper, tree and so on, tree can be divided into conifer and deciduous. Conifer can be divided into pine and spruce. From the relations, pine is a kind of conifer which is a kind of tree, which is a kind of plant, so pine is a kind of plant.(7)Partonomy (Meronymy)部分整体关系:it involves part-whole relation between words. For example: wheel, engine, window and door are parts of car. Car is called the superordinate in the relationship. wheel, engine, window and door are called the meronyms in the relationship.4.Derivation:派生it is generally defined as a word formation process by which new words are created by odding prefix, suffix or both to the base form. For example: unhappy is the derivation of happy. Proposal is the derivation of propose. Dishonest is the derivation of honest.pounding :复合法is a process of word formation by which two or more stems are put together to make one word. For example: baby-sitter, housekeeper, speed-reading, overwork are all compound words.6.Conversion :转化is a word formation process by which a word of a certain word class is shifted into a word of another word class without the addition of an affix. For example: wateris a noun and it can convert into a verb which means to pour water on. Wealthy is an adjective and it can convert into a noun “the wealthy” which means rich people.7.Back formation:逆构词法it refers to a type of word formation by which a shorter word is coin by deletion of a supposed affix from a longer form already existing in the language. For example: daydreamer is a noun. We can remove the suffix-er. Then the word daydreamer turns into a verb. The meaning of them are still same.8.Abbreviation(Clipping): 缩略法it refers to the abbreviation of longer words or phrases. For example: quake is the abbreviation of earthquake. Fridge is the abbreviation of refrigerator.9.Hyponymy:下义词it refers to the sense relation between a more general, more inclusive word and a more specific word. The word which is more general in meaning is called the superordinate, and the more specific words are called its hyponyms. Hyponyms of the same superordinate are co-hyponyms to each other. For example: fruit, meat, vegetable are hyponyms of the superordinate term food. Beef , pork. Mutton are hyponyms of the superordinate term meat.10.Context:generally speaking, context is consist of two aspects: one is “linguistic context” referring to the linguistic unit preceding and/or following a particular linguistic unit in a text and refer to the words, clause and sentences in which a word appears. The other is “extra-linguistic” context or “non-linguistic” context refers to those situations and features which are not directly a part of the language in use but which either contribute in conveying a message or have an influence on language use. It contains situational context referring to time , place, human characteristic and social status; common sense and some certain information in a certain situation.修辞：1.metaphor,隐喻:两个事物存在某一类似之处，而用一个事物的词来指另一个事物。
英语词汇学期末考试复习资料
1.A word will cover the following points:1) A minimal free form of a language2) A word is minimal free form of a language that has a given sound, meaning and syntactic function.(A sound unity, A unit of meaning, A form that can function alone in a sentence);3) A word is the smallest of the linguistic units which can occur on its own in speech or writing.2.Classification of words:1) Basic and non-basic word stock or vocabulary2) Content/ lexical /open class words and function/grammatical/closed class words3.What is involved in knowing a word?1) Form;/ structure;/2) meanings and semantic features associated with that word;3) grammatical or syntactic behavior associated with that word;4) network of associations between that word and other words;/ collocations;/ 5) limitations imposed on the use of word according to variations of function and situation;6) the degree of probability of encountering that word in speech or print.4.Morpheme can be classified as following:5.English word-formation英语构词法6.Derivation / Affixation派生法/词缀negative: a- dis- non- un-privative: de-dis-un- pejorative: mal- mis- pseudo-prefixation and suffixation.前缀和后缀Prefixation is the formation of new words by adding prefixes to bases. A prefix is a letter or group of letters placed at the beginning of a word to change its meaning. Prefixes are frequently used to form new words.7.Conversion 转类法Conversion may be defined as a process by which a word belonging to one word class is transferred to another word class without any concomitant（伴随的）change of form. This process is also known as functional shift or zero-derivation. (零位派生) eg: bookstore was a must(v-n) for me. He downed(adv-v) his tools for a rest. He is a native(a-n)Functions of conversion: to achieve compactness and efficiency, accuracy and specificity, vividness and expressiveness, novelty and balance.8.Backformation逆生法Backformation refers to an abnormal type of word-formation where a short word is derived by deleting an imagined affix from a long form already present in thelanguage. This process is considered to be the opposite process of affixation. eg:bookkeeper<bookkeeping babysit<babysitting burgle<burglar lase<laser9.Abbreviation: 缩略法Abbreviation refers to word formation through clipping, initialism and acronym. These short forms are quicker and more convenient in use and for this reason they are becoming more and more popular.Clipping截短法Word formation by clipping part of a word, leaving only a piece of the old word. The shortening may occur at the beginning of the word, at the end of the word and at both ends of the word. The clipped form is normally regarded as informal. eg: phone(telephone), copter(helicopter), quake(earthquake) taxi(taxicab) appx.(appendix)Initialism首字母缩略词Words formed from the initial letters of words and pronounced as letters. VOA(Voice of America), p.c.(post card), VIP(very important person), BP(beautiful people)Acronym首字母拼音词ROM(read only memory), NATO(North Atlantic Treaty Organization), OPEC(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries )10.Blending 混词法Blending is the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another word. Words formed as such are called blends. Blends tend to be more frequent in informal style in the registers of journalism, advertising and technical field. Eg: head+tail：flaunt:flout+vaunt, blunt:blind+stunt, H-bomb:hydrogen+bomb, squash:squeeze+crash, hifi:high+fidelity/head+word:medicare:medical+care,/telequiz:telephone+quiz,//word+tail:workfare:work+welfare,bookmobile: book+automobile11.Imitation 基本拟声Zap! Crunch! Swoosh! The world is Whoa!12.Borrowing 外来语Coinage 新生词Invention 创造法poundingis a phenomenon where two or more existing words are combined to construct a new word. Compounding are useful to express the same meaning shortly and briefly and it can help writer to avoid repeating. E.g. The boy who catches attention is my son. The eye-catching boy is my son. The latter one expresses the same meaning more briefly and avoid repeating when we want to mention the boy afterwards. 14.Kinds of meaningConceptual meaning refers to the meaning of a word or lexical item that relates it to phenomena in the real world or in a fictional or possible world.Associative meaning Reflected meaning and collocative meaning, affective meaningand social meaning: all these have more in common with connotative meaning than with conceptual meaning, they all have the same open-ended, variable character. They can all be brought together under the heading of associative meaning.Connotative meaning refers to the overtones or associations suggested by the conceptual meaning, or the mental content attached to the core meaning. These associations show people’s emotions and attitudes towards what the word refers to.Stylistic meaning Many words have stylistic features, which form the variation in meaning from casual to formal according to the type of situation, the addresser or person addressed, the location, the topic discussed, etc. These distinctive features form the stylistic meaning of words. In some dictionaries, these stylistic features are clearly marked as formal, informal, literary, archaic, slang and so on.Affective meaning reflects the speaker’s emotions, feelings and attitudes towards the person or thing in question. This meaning is often expressed in terms of the conceptual, connotative or stylistic content of the right word or by using proper intonation, tone of voice, and interjections.15.types of affective meaning:pejorative/derogatory; appreciative/commendatory16.How to express affective meaning? Explain with examples.The reflected meaning of a word is the total of all the other meanings a person thinks when hearing the word. The word has its suggestive power.Collocative meaning: Words may share the same meanings, but may be distinguished by the range of lexical terms they collocate with.Thematic meaning It is about what is communicated by the way in which the message is organized in terms of order and emphasis.Analyzing meaning Meanings of words can be analyzed into a number of features or components, such approach is called componential analysis or semantic features analysis.17.English euphemisms formation1)Compounding, Clipping, Acronym: gents (gentlemen’s room)2) .backslang, respelling of initials, phonetic distortion: elly-bay (belly)3) . Borrowing, substitution of synonyms, use of fuzzy word: nude (naked)4) . Metaphor, understatement, periphrases, etc.: to sleep forever, adjustment downward, landscape architect, smelly18.Five major mechanisms in semantic changes语义转化Broadening/widening/extending/generalization of meaningNarrowing/restriction/reduction/specializationAmelioration/elevationPejoration/degradationTransfer of meaning19.The polysemy of the word一词多义a word having two or more closely relatedmeanings.20.Semantic relations语义关系Words do not exist in isolation. Their meanings are defined through their relations to other word, and it is through understanding these connections that we arrive at our understanding of words.A. Synonymy Words which have the same or nearly the same meanings as other words are called synonyms and the relationship between them is one of synonymy. Absolute and relative synonyms 绝对同义词和相对同义词B.Antonyms Words opposite in meaning are generally called antonyms. Gradable antonyms 层级反义词Complementary or contradictory antonym互补反义词Converse antonyms 逆行Three types of antonyms: gradable antonyms, complementary or contradictory antonyms, and converses.C. Hyponymy and meronymy 上下义关系和部分整体关系Hyponymy--the kind of’ relation The relation of hyponymy serves to structure large parts of a language’s vocabulary. The organization of a work like Roget’s Thesaurus suggests that it is perhaps an all-pervasive structuring relation.meronymy--the part of relation can similarly be represented by a hierarchy of superordinate and subordinate termsD. Homonymy 同形同音异义词Homonyms refer to words which are written in the same way and sound alike but which have different meanings. They can be classified into two categories: homographs and homophones.a. Homographs: 同形异义词words that have the same spelling but differ in sound and meaning.b. Homophones: 同音异义词words that have the same phonological form but differ in spelling and meaning.20.Semantic/lexical field:It is the organization of related words and expressions into a system which shows their relationship to one another.The semantic field arrangement brings together words that share the same semantic space. It is a record of the vocabulary resources available for an area of meaning, and it enables a user of the language to appreciate often elusive meaning differences between words.21.The major features of idioms1)Compositeness: 复合性idioms consist of more than one word; They are multiword lexical items as in bread and butter, spill the beans, let the cat out the bag, etc.2)Structural stability: 稳定性idioms are fixed collocations by long usage. Unlike free phrases, idioms are frozen and conventionalized collocations whose components cannot be varied or varied only within definable limits. 3)Semantic unity: 统一性idioms are semantically opaque. Unlike free phrase, the meaning of an idiom is not the sum of its constituents. In other words, the meaning of idiom is not transparent in most cases.Transformation/creativity in idiom: Replacement/substitution, addition, permutation, deletionThe application of idioms:Idioms from the speech of soldiers, every-day life of Englishmen, health, illness and death, business and the stock exchange, popular sports and games, books and stories22.Cohesive device 衔接手段(links in meaning) conjunction连词,substitution替代,ellipsis省略, reference指代, lexical cohesion词汇衔接Discourse is any passage spoken or written of whatever length that forms a unified corn. It may be a product of a single writer, speaker or several persons.23.词汇衔接手段reiteration（复现）and collocation(共现)Lexical cohesion refers to lexical items which work on the organization of coherent discourse. Under this heading includes a variety of kinds of semantic relationship that can exist between lexical items. Halliday and Hasan cluster them into two broad sub-classes: reiteration and collocation, which contribute to the creation and organization of discourse.Reiteration 复现or repetition is the occurrence of one or more items in a sentence that by themselves tell the reader or listener nothing new but reinstate some element(s) from the earlier sentences so that something new can be said about. As a form of lexical cohesion, reiteration involves the repetition of an identical lexical item, the use of a general word to refer to a lexical item, the use of a synonym or near-synonym, the use of superordinate, the use of hyponym, Equivalence 等价Naming 命名Semblance/Analogy 同义词/类比Metonymy 借喻etc. They serve to show the relatedness of ideas in the discourse.Collocation搭配is a cover term for the cohesion that results from the co-occurrence of lexical items that are in some way or other associated with one another, because they tend to occur in similar environment.24.General approaches to lexical learning in EFL1.) guessing/inferring from context2.)using mnemonic techniques3.) using word parts4.) learning from word cards5.) using dictionary25.Kinds of Context Clue Linguistic clues:cues based on knowledge of English language. e.g. synonyms, antonyms, hyponyms, grammar, punctuations, word parts, pronunciation, intonation, stress, etc.Logical clues: cues based on relationships among the various parts of the information.e.g. cause and effect, comparison and contrast, generalization and examples,restatements, definitions, etc.World knowledge clues: cues based on the informant’s experience and knowledge of the topic.Non-verbal clues: cues based on tables, images, diagrams, etc.ing mnemonic techniques1) Repeating (verbal and oral): Repetition is the key to learning. Only by saying, writing, listening and using words again and again can one make them part of his active vocabulary.2) Linking with prior knowledge: Integrating the new word with the familiar one, connecting the new word with already known words through associating, semantic mapping and charting semantic features, etc.3) Forming word association: Getting words together on account of their semantic relations or logical connections. e.g. grass – green, school – students, hit – ball, swim – pool, apple – fruit, irritated – annoyed, dead – alive, baby – mother, etc.4) Building up semantic mapping: Brainstorming associations a word has with other words and then diagramming the results.27.What is lexical cohesion? What are the general features of it?Lexical cohesion refers to lexical items which work on the organization of coherent discourse. Cohesion means formal links between element links in form. There are 2 types of lexical cohesion,reiteration and collocation. As a form of lexical cohesion, reiteration involves the repetition of an identical lexical item, the use of a general word to refer to a lexical item, the use of a synonym or near-synonym, the use of superordinate, the use of hyponym. Collocation reflects rules of the conventions and co-occurence tendency in the use of word in discourse. Collocation is a cover term for the cohesion that results from the co-occurrence of lexical items that are in some way or other associated with one another, because they tend to occur in similar environment. For example, in a talk about football game, words like shoot, goalkeeper, penalty and kick are more likely to appear than other words in the talk.28.Learning from word cardsStep 1 Choosing words to learnSept 2 Making word cardsStep 3 Using the cardsing DictionariesWhat are the major purposes for dictionary use?Comprehension/ Look up unknown words met while listening, reading, or translating./ Confirm the meanings of partly known words./ Confirm guess from context./ Production/ Look up unknown words needed to speak, write, or translate. / Look up the spelling, pronunciation, meaning, grammar, constraints on use, collocations, inflections and derived forms of partly known words needed to speak, write or translate. /Confirm the spelling, pronunciation, meaning, etc. of known words. /Check that a word exists./Find a different word to use instead of a known one./Correct an error./Learning /Choose unknown words to learn./Enrich knowledgeof partly known words, including etymology.。
大学英语词汇学期末考试-重点复习资料整理-权威版-后附试题
⼤学英语词汇学期末考试-重点复习资料整理-权威版-后附试题2012词汇学复习资料The development of the English Vocabulary1.Indo-European Language FamilyThe Indo-European Language Family is considered as one of the most important language families. It includes most languages of Europe, the Near East, and India. Those languages, which are believed to have originated from this language family and developed alone different lines, show various degrees of similarity to one another. They fall into eight principal groups, which can be grouped into an Eastern Set东部诸语族: Balto-Slavic波罗的-斯拉夫语, Indo-Iranian印度伊朗语族, Armenian 亚美尼亚语族and Albanian阿尔巴尼亚语族; a Western Set: 西部诸语族Celtic凯尔特语族, Italic 意⼤利语族, Hellenic 希腊语族, Germanic⽇尔曼语族. All the languages in both sets shed some influence on English to a greater or lesser extent because each has lent words into the English vocabulary.Prussian普鲁⼠语Lithuanian⽴陶宛语Polish波兰语Balto-Slavic波罗的-斯拉夫语Czech捷克斯洛伐克语Bulgarian保加利亚语Slovenian斯洛⽂尼亚语RussianAlbanian阿尔巴尼亚Persian波斯语Hindi北印度语Indo-Iranian印度伊朗语系Bengali孟加拉语Romany，吉⼘赛语Armenian亚美尼亚语PortugueseSpanishItalic意⼤利语族ItalianRoumanian罗马尼亚语FrenchIndo-EuropeanLanguage FamilyIrishCeltic凯尔特语BretonScottishNorwegian挪威语Icelandic，冰岛语Danish丹麦语Germanic Swedish瑞典语⽇尔曼语⾔EnglishDutchFlemishGermanHellenic，古希腊语- GreekChapter 1A General Survey of A WordThe Definition of WordA word is(1) A minimal free form of a language;(2) a sound unity;(3) a unity of meaning;(4) a form that can function alone in a sentence.A word is a minimal free form that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function.A word is a smallest unit of a language.1. The development of English vocabularyThe history of English language can be divided into 3 periods:a/ Old English period (449—1100)The former inhabitants, the Celtic, the Germanic tribes called Angles, Saxons and Jutes Anglo-Saxon as Old English, Old English contains 50-60 thousand words, which consists of the basic word stock.b/ Middle English period (1100-1500)characterized by the strong influence of French following the Norman Conquest in 1066.The French loan words were found in law and governmental administration (judge, justice)c/ Modern English period (1500--)the early stage of this period ( including the years between 1500-1700), the Renaissance brought great changes to the vocabulary. borrowing from Latin, Latin were now mostly connected with science and abstract ideas. Greek borrowings were mostly literary, technical and scientific words2.Classification of English Words According to Different CriteriaA. By Origin: native words and loan (borrowed ) wordsIn English language, most native words in Modern English are monosyllabic. They form the great majority of the basic word stock of English language.The fundamental features of the basic word stock are:1. National character;2. Stability;3. Word-forming ability;4. Ability to form collocationsSince the great majority of the basic word stock are native words, they are naturally the ones used most frequently in everyday speech and writing.B. By level of usage1. Common words ( P11 words connected with ordinary things or activities necessary to everyday life: “The repeated telephone calls only annoyed me but made my sister very angry.”)2. Literary words (P12 words are chiefly used in writing, formal speeches, e.g. Feeling fatigued, Tom retired early.): a. Archaic words; b. Poetical words See P133. Colloquial words: Words used mainly in spoken English, in conversation among friends and colleagues,e.g. “John was fired for petty thieving”4. Slang wordsC. By notion: function words and content ( P 17)function words are short words such as determiners, conjunctions, prepositions, auxiliaries, and so on, they serve grammatical meaningContent words have lexical meaning, such as nouns, main verbs, adj and adv.e.g. The passerby was hit by the truck. Chapter 2Word-Structure and Word-Formation(1)1. The definition of morpheme1.1 What is the smallest meaningful linguistic unit of language?- morphemeWhat are words composed of? - Words are formed by morphemes. A word is the smallest unit that stands alone to communicate meaning.1.2 What are the Chinese equivalents of morpheme? 语素词素-形位2.1 Morphemes may be classified into free and bound.Free morphemes,also called content morphemes, may constitute words by themselves. These morphemes have complete meanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical units in sentences. So we may say that free morphemes are free roots.Bound morphemes = Bound root + affixes, known as grammatical morphemes, must appear with at least one other morpheme, either free or bound. Bound morphemes are chiefly found in derived words, e.g. recollection, idealistic, ex-prisoner2.2 Morphemes may also be classified into roots (or root morphemes) and affixes (or affixational morphemes).Task:(1) Read the following words and find the root in each word.heart, hearten, dishearten, heartless, hearty, heartiness,sweetheart, heartbroken, kind-hearted, whole-heartedly.(2) What is your definition of root?A root is the part of the word-form which remains when all the affixes have been removed.(3) Is a root necessarily a free morpheme? Why?2.2.1 Two types of roots- Free rootIn English, many roots are free morphemes, such as black in black, blackboard, blacksmith.- Bound rootHowever, there are quite a number of roots which cannot exist on their own and thus belong to the class of bound morphemes. For example, ceive in receive, conceive, perceive, deceive; mit in permit, commit, submit; tain in retain, contain, maintain; cur in recur, occur, incur, etc.these roots cannot be used to form new words.2.2.2 Two types of affixesAffix is a collective term for the type of formative (构词成分) that can be used only when added to another morpheme.- Inflectional affixes (or inflectional morphemes) serve to expressthe following meanings:(1) plurality: e.g. -s in chairs, pens; -es in boxes, tomatoes;en in oxen.(2) the genitive case: e.g. ’s in boy’s, children’s.(3) the verbal endings: for example,a. -(e)s in words like eats, teaches shows the third personsingular present tense.b. -ing in words like eating, teaching shows the presentparticiple or gerund.c. -(e)d in words like worked, saved shows the past tense or pastparticiple.(4) the comparative and superlative degrees:e.g. -er in words like smaller, harder; -est in words like smallest,hardest.- Derivational affixes (or derivational morphemes) can be further divided into prefixes and suffixes.(1) Prefixes are affixes before the root, e.g: unjust, rewrite.As a rule, most prefixes modify the meaning of roots, but not their parts of speech. task: list some prefixes that can modify the parts of speech.- en-(em-) as in words like embody, enrich- be- as in words like befriend, belittle- a- as in words like asleep, aside(2) Suffixes are affixes after the root, e.g.: darkness, worker.By the addition of the suffix,the word is usually changed from one part ofspeech into another, e.g. liberation, modernize.2.3 Relationship between the two classifications of morphemesMorphemeIt is the minimal meaningful unit of language. Or it is the smallest functioning unit in the composition of words.a)Bound morphemes are morphemes which alone can be used as words.What is an allomorph?An allomorph is one of the variants of the same morpheme.语素/形位变体是同⼀个语素的不同形式。
期末词汇复习题库
期末词汇复习题库Choose the best answer to complete each sentence.1.Michael has already spent __________ amount of money and time in Barcelona.A. considerableB. considerateC. consideratelyD. consider2．He looked around to ________ that he was alone.A. sureB. being sureC. confirmD. confirmed3.We agreed to accept ____ they thought was the best tourist guide.A. whateverB. whomeverC. whicheverD. whoever4. These children were in a state of virtual ________.A. neglectfulB. neglectC. neglectedD. neglecting5. The Tang Dynasty is a period __________ for its liberality.A. knowB. knewC. remarkD. remarkable6.They are teachers and don’t realize ____ to start and run a company.A. what it takesB. what takes itC. what they takeD. what takes them7. These people are in ________need of relief.A. urgeB. urgentC. urgencyD. urgement8. The goals ______ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.A. after whichB. for whichC. with whichD. at which9.She is one of the strongest __________ of tax reform.A. enemyB. enemiesC. opponentsD. opponent10. He asked ____ for a violin.A. did I pay how muchB. I paid how muchC. how much did I payD. how much I paid11. None of the debaters____ convincing ____ audience.A. were; hisB. was; theirC. were; theirD. was; its12. The death of his sister has a great ___________ on him.A. impactB. factC. affectD. effective13. He is the chairman of this ___________.A. findB. foundationC. foundD. finding14. All __________ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.A. what is neededB. for our needsC. the thing neededD. that is needed15. The two companies have ____________ a long-term cooperative relationship.A. contactB. contextC. establishedD. establish16．She is no longer the girl ____________ she was in her childhood.A. thatB. whomC. whoD. /17. The coffee is so full that it might ________ over.A. spillB. fellC. splitD. fallen18. Fifteen minutes____ for a boy who is eager to see his girlfriend.A. seem a long timeB. seemed a long timeC. seems a long timeD. seems long time ago19.Are you willing to stand up in court and _______ that you do not recognize him?A. swordB. swearC. saidD. see20. ____________ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.A. ThatB. WhichC. ItD. As21. Melted iron is poured into the mixer much _________ tea is poured into a cup from atea-pot.A. in the same way likeB. in the same way whichC. in the same wayD. in the same way as22.His translation manages to be ________ to the spirit of the original.faithfulA. faithfulB. faithC. failD. failure23.We need a chairman ______.A. for whom everyone has confidenceB. in whom everyone has confidenceC. who everyone has confidenceD. whom everyone has confidence on24. I ________ with you; I’ve had a similar unhappy experience myself.A. pityB. pitifulC. sympathizeD. sympathy25. The students will put off the outing until next week, ______ they won’t be so busy.A. whenB. asC. sinceD. while26.Michael has already spent __________ amount of money and time in Barcelona.A. considerable C. considerateB. consider D. considering27.______ farming is better for the environment.A. sustain C. remainB. sustainable D. remaining28.We have no right to _______ happiness without producing it.A. use C. spendB. make use of D. consume29.Children ________ make mistakes, unconsciously or intentionally.A. inevitably C. normalB. inevitable D. usual30.Every country must ___________ its own path.A. according to C. lead toB. stick to D. owing to31.He looked around to ________ that he was alone.A. see C. lookB. confirm D. know32.These children were in a state of virtual ________.A. ignore C. neglectB. overlook D. missing33.His encouraging remarks ________ confidence in me.A. made C. builtB. let D. inspired34. Home-made parts are being ________ for imported ones.A. substituted C changedB. instead D. exchanged35. These people are in ________need of relief.A. bad C.badlyB. good D. very36. I’ve never seen droughts on such a large ____________．A. scale C. amountB. scope D. volume37. The priority is to ___________ the problem.A. meet C. tackleB. see D. change38. The death of his sister has a great ___________ on him.A. affect C. remindB. effect D. memory39. The two companies have ____________ a long-term cooperative relationship.A. sustain C. establishedB. promote D. foundation40. Jewelry and lace are mostly ________ belongings.A. feminine C. womanB. lady D. female41.Glasses are ________ and must be handled with great care.A. broken C. fragileB. break D. small pieces42.The coffee is so full that it might ________ over.A. leak C. fillB. go D. spill43.Are you willing to stand up in court and _______ that you do not recognize him?A. speak C. shoutB. tell D. swear44. There are many bad customs and laws that ought to be ________ .A. abolished C. reducedB. abolish D. reduce45. We were ________ that everything possible was being done.A. assure C. promiseB. assured D. guarantee46. I’d like to _____my own experience as an example.A. talk C. quotationB. tell D. cite47. If we see this________ only from one side or the other, then we will be blind to the truth.A. argue C. conflictB. quarrel D. thing48. Failure doesn’t mean you are _________ . It does mean you are not perfect.A. inferior C. juniorB. superior D. senior49.Skin doctors warn people to be careful with sun ________.A. expose C. rateB. exposure D. degree50. As the only network operator in the country, our marketing is __________ expanding the size of the market.A. aimed at C. goal atB. aim at D. objective51.Failure doesn’t mean you are _________. It does mean you are not perfect.A. inferior C. flawlessB. superior D. interior52. On top of this, social services, ________ health care and education, also need improvement.A. first C. primarilyB. primary D. firstly53. Skin doctors warn people to be careful with sun ________.A. expose C. emergeB. exposure D. explosion54. _______ electronic computers, much of today's advanced technology wouldn't have been achieved.A. Having C. WithB. Not having D. Without55. ______ to lose Jenny again, Shirley went to a nearby hill to grieve alone.A. Thinking of C. WhenB. Expecting D. About56. The elephants are sensitive animals _________ family unit is everything.A. that C. to themB. whose D. for whom57. Wearing the right shoes and clothes as well as being fit can make all the ________.A. change C. similarityB. comfort D. difference58. Planting your child in front of a television set is not altogether a bad thing, ________ that you limit the time that your little one spends watching TV and you monitor the programs watched.A. providing C. ifB. provided D. in case59. It is highly ________ that such ads do affect children’s media preferences.A. like C. seemB. likely D. seemingly60. I’d like to _____ my own experience as an example.A. cite C. checkB. quote D. draw61. My father didn't go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _______ there.A. not to go C. not goB. won't D. not to go to62. He looked around to ________ that he was alone.A. learn from C. confirmB. inform D. convince63. This company has ________ home-made parts for imported ones.A. substitute C. replaceB. substituted D. replaced64. His encouraging remarks ________ confidence in me.A. inspired C. aspireB. did inspired D. aspired65. Shirley was quite depressed a fter Jenny’s death and it took her a long time to _________ her spirits and recover from her deep sorrow.B. restore D. recall66. As far as I’m concerned, animals should be regarded as friends _____________ food or sources of clothing.A. rather C. instead ofB. than D. despite67. I haven't read this book, ________ has my brother.A. either C. norB. not D. also68. The two ______ elephant trainers had seen enough abuse and neglect at circuses and zoos to inspire them to create a sanctuary.A. previously C. used to beB. before D. former69. You need to ________ the employers that you can do the job.A. convict C. confirmB. confuse D. convince70. Organizers are _______ a large crowd at the carnival.A. participating C. manufacturingB. manipulating D. anticipating71. The coffee is so full that it might ________ over.A. spill C. spoilB. split D. burst72. I __________ with you, for I have lived a similar unhappy experience myself.A. synthesized C. sympatheticB. sympathize D. sympathy73. It is not that John doesn’t want to help you, __________ this is beyond his ability.A. whereas C. but thatB. but D. by virtue of74. When we __________ our time for a good cause, the rewards we reap are far greater than any promotion we could get from work, or good grades from school.A. guaranteed C. voluntaryB. guarantee D. volunteer75. I yelled in my dream, which _______ my roommate out of his sleep.B. refreshed D. disturbed1-5 ACDBD6-10 ABBCD11-15 CABDC16-20 AACBD21-25 DABCA26-30 ABDAB31-35 BCDAC36-40 ACBCA41-45 CDDAB46-50 DCABA51-55 ACBDD56-60 DDBBA61-65 CCBAB66-70 CCDDD71-75 ABCDA。
2024秋PEP三上英语期末复习词汇表(1)
p.40＊and/ənd,ænd/和；与p.9＊apple/ˈæpl/苹果p.40＊animal/ˈænɪm l/动物p.33＊arm/ ːm/胳膊p.5＊aunt/ ːnt/伯母；婶母；舅母姑母；姨母p.20＊baby/ˈbeɪbi/婴儿p.20＊banana/bəˈn ːnə/香蕉p.40＊bear/beə（r）/熊p.53＊big/bɪg/大的p.19＊bird/bɜːd/鸟p.29＊black/blæk/黑色；黑色的p.56＊blue/bluː/蓝色；蓝色的p.52＊brother/ˈbrʌðə（r）/哥；弟p.19＊brown/braʊn/棕色；棕色的p.53＊cake/keɪk/蛋糕p.69＊can/kən，kæn/可以p.7＊cat/kæt/猫p.28＊colour/ˈkʌlə（r）/颜色p.52＊cousin/ˈkʌzn/堂（表）兄弟；堂（表）姐妹p.19＊cut/kʌt/切块p.69＊cute/kjuːt/可爱的p.31＊dad/dæd/（口语）爸爸；爹爹p.16＊dog/dɒg/狗p.28＊draw/drɔː/画p.55＊duck/dʌk/鸭p.53＊ear/ɪə（r）/耳朵p.5＊eat/iːt/吃p.69eight/eɪt/八p.68＊elephant/ˈelɪfənt/大象p.32＊eye/aɪ/眼睛p.5＊family/ˈfæməli/家；家庭p.17＊farm/f ːm/农场p.40＊fast/f ːst/快的p.33＊的词为《义务教育英语课程标准（2022年版）》中的二级词）4Vocabulary词汇表186状元大课堂＊father/ˈf ːðə（r）/父亲；爸爸p.17＊fish/fɪʃ/鱼；鱼肉p.29 five/faɪv/五p.64＊flower/ˈflaʊə（r）/花；花朵p.43 four/fɔː（r）/四p.65 fox/fɒks/狐狸p.31＊friend/frend/朋友p.9＊garden/ˈg ːdn/花园p.43 giraffe/dʒəˈr ːf/长颈鹿p.33＊give/gɪv/给p.45＊go/gəʊ/去；走p.31＊good/gʊd/好的p.9＊goodbye/ˌgʊdˈbaɪ/再见p.9＊grandfather/ˈgrænf ːðə（r）/（外）祖父；爷爷；姥爷；外公p.17＊grandma/ˈgrænm ː/奶奶；姥姥p.16＊grandmother/ˈgrænmʌðə（r）/（外）祖母；奶奶；姥姥；外婆p.17＊grandpa/ˈgrænp ː/爷爷；姥爷p.16＊grape/greɪp/葡萄p.41＊grass/gr ːs/草；草地p.43＊green/griːn/绿色；绿色的p.52＊hand/hænd/手p.5＊have/hæv/有p.19＊help/help/帮助p.8＊like/laɪk/喜欢p.28＊lion/ˈlaɪən/狮；狮子p.32＊listen/ˈlɪsn/听；倾听p.8＊make/meɪk/使出现；做p.52＊me/miː/我p.17＊Miss/mɪs/（学生对女教师的称呼）老师；女士p.31＊monkey/ˈmʌ ki/猴子p.32＊mother/ˈmʌðə（r）/母亲；妈妈p.17＊mouth/maʊ /嘴p.5＊mum/mʌm/（口语）妈妈p.16＊name/neɪm/名字p.4 need/niːd/需要p.43＊new/njuː/新的p.43＊nice/naɪs/令人愉快的；友好的p.4 nine/naɪn/九p.68＊o’clock/əˈklɒk/（表示整点）……点钟p.69＊old/əʊld/（多少）岁；年纪；旧的p.64187PEP·三年级英语·上册one/wʌn/一p.65＊orange/ˈɒrɪndʒ/橙子；柑橘；橙红色；橙红色的p.41，52＊panda/ˈpændə/大熊猫p.31＊pet/pet/宠物p.28＊pink/pɪ k/粉色；粉色的p.55＊plant/pl ːnt/种植；植物p.43 purple/ˈpɜːpl/紫色；紫色的p.52＊rabbit/ˈræbɪt/兔p.29＊red/red/红色；红色的p.52 red panda小熊猫p.31＊say/seɪ/说；讲p.9＊school/skuːl/学校p.43＊sea/siː/海；海洋p.53 seven/ˈsevn/七p.68＊share/ʃeə（r）/分享p.7＊sister/ˈsɪstə（r）/姐；妹p.17 six/sɪks/六p.67＊small/smɔːl/小的p.21 smile/smaɪl/微笑；笑p.8＊some/səm，sʌm/一些p.21＊sun/sʌn/阳光；太阳p.44＊tall/tɔːl/高的p.33 ten/ten/十p.67＊them/ðəm，ðem/它们；他们；她们p.45 three/θriː/三p.65＊tiger/ˈtaɪgə（r）/老虎p.32＊toy/tɔɪ/玩具p.9＊tree/triː/树p.43 two/tuː/二p.65＊uncle/ˈʌ kl/伯父；叔父；舅父；姑父；姨父p.20＊us/ʌs/我们p.45＊water/ˈwɔːtə（r）/给……浇水；水p.43＊white/waɪt/白色；白色的p.56＊year/jɪə（r）/年纪；年p.64＊yellow/ˈjeləʊ/黄色；黄色的p.53＊zoo/zuː/动物园p.31188状元大课堂。
小学二年级英语期末复习单词大全及常用短语汇总
小学二年级英语期末(Mo)复习单词大全及常用短语汇总单(Dan)词Words：1. chopstick 筷子2.difficult 困难的3. city 城(Cheng)市 4 . answer 回答5. finish 完成6. start 开始7. answer 回答(Da)8. better 较好的9. end 结束 10. alone 单独的 11.CD-ROM 电(Dian)脑光盘 12. bamboo 竹子13.copy 模仿 14.child 孩子(Zi) 15. awake 醒的 16. animal 动物17.sleep 睡觉 18.snake 蛇(She) 19.fantastic 美好的 20. tidy 整理21. often 经常 22. messy 杂乱的 23.bookshelf 书架 24. choose 选(Xuan)择25. together 一起 26. week 星期 27. suck 吮吸 28. thumb 大拇指29. UN 联合国 30. important 重要的 31.peace 和平 32. world 世界33. country 国家 34. inside 里面 35. kangaroo 袋鼠 36. parrot 鹦鹉37. aunt 姨、姑 38.picnic 野餐 39.hungry 饿的 40. thirsty 渴的41. bring 拿来 42. way 方式 43. line 排、列 44. drink 喝、饮料45. forget 忘记 46. clean 干净的 47. thousand 千 48. kilometre 千米/公里49 place 地方 50. visit 拜访 51. building 楼房 52. museum 博物馆53. surprise 惊喜 54. everywhere 到处 55. restaurant 饭馆 56. dancing 舞蹈57. album 集邮册 58.collect 收集 59. mountain 山 60. special 特别的61. hear 听见 62. nearly 几乎 63. poem 诗 64. festival 节日65. important 重要的 66. Christmas 圣诞节 67. pretty 美丽的 68. cousin 堂兄69. write 写 70. photo 照片 71. listen 听 72. ask 问73. question 问题 74.letter 信 75. China 中国(Guo) 76. start 开始77. finish 结束 78. half 一半儿 79. past 经过 80.about 关(Guan)于81.favourite 最喜欢的 82. love 喜爱(Ai) 83.elephant 大象 84. say 说85. twelve 十(Shi)二 86. another 另一个 87. night 夜晚 88. sleep 睡觉89. where 在那里90. when 什么时(Shi)候 91. what 什么 92. who 谁93. whose 谁的 94. see 看见95. today 今天(Tian) 96. owl 猫头鹰 97. often 经常98. story 故(Gu)事 99. shoe 鞋100. house 房子短(Duan)语Phrases：1. play with 和…玩；2. thank sb for sth 为某事感谢某人；6. in the day在白天；7. at night 在夜晚；8. an hour a day 一天一小时；9. like to do sth / like doing sth 喜欢做某事；10. live in 住在；11. learn a lesson 得到教训；12. gool idea 好主意；13. how often 多长时间一次；17. lots of / a lot of 许多；18. need to do sth 需要做某事；19. a picture of 一张…的照片；20. have got 有；21. tell sb about sth 告诉某人某件事；22. millions of 无记其数的；23. how long 多长；24. how old 多大；25. in the street 在街上；26. be different from 与…不同；27. be difficult for sb 对于某人来说很难；28. the Great Wall 长城；29. the Summer Palace 颐和园；30. pen pal 笔友；31. New York 纽约；32. hurry up 快(Kuai)点；33. go swimming 去游泳；34. go to school 上学(Xue)；35. play basketball 打篮球；36. draw a picture 画一(Yi)幅画；37. stay at home 呆在家里；38. watch TV 看电视(Shi)；39. in the world 在世界上；40. drink water 喝水。
第九册英语期末复习单词和句子及习题(转载).docx
新标准英语第九册提纲Module 1注：There was a/an ...表示“以前某地有一个There were some 表示“以前某地有一些… There wasn't a/an 表示“以前某地没有一个 There weren't any...表示“以前没有任何•… There is 表示“现在有一个……” There are some 表示“现在有一些 ...................... ”Module 2 heavy 重的 lift 提，抬 sometimes 有时 restaurant sweet 糖果 fruit 水果 There are many sweets. There are many fruits, too. This one is heavy.They sell different things. Sometimes there are restaurants at the supermarket. Module 3 Halloween 万圣节 scary 令人害怕的 spring 春天 why It's an autumn festival. It's really fun.They go to people's houses. They scare the people. There are toy chicks and flowers on the hat.Some Easter eggs are big and some are small.Sometimes there are small eggs 有时候大蛋里面有小蛋。
in the big eggs.Module 4 invitation 请柬 reply 回复 tidy up 收拾 What are we going to do?我们准备干什么？ We ，re going to have lunch together.我们准备一起吃午饭。
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期末词汇复习unit 1In-class reading Cartoon n.________Clear v_________ n_________Comedy anto ________ adj _____ ______ n ______Entertain n______ adj _______ Familiar n _______Gather n _______ Humor n ______ adj _____ ________Irritate adj ____ n _____ Laugh adj ______ n _____Use anto _____ n ______ mutualprincipal n/adj Select adj ______ n ______Suggest n _____ adj _____ Tempt n ______ adj ______Universe adj _______ recognize adj _____ n ____reason adj _____ n _____analyze n ____ _____ adj _____value adj ____ n _____understand anto ____ adj _____In-class reading passageUniversal n_____ diverse n _____, ______Sense adj _____, ______ tempt n _____ adj ______present v _____ comedian n _____ value adj _____, _____ familiarity adj ____ irritated v ____ n ____ alternative v_____vary n _____, _____ adj ____, ______variationclarification v _____ suggestive v _____ n _____persist adj _____ n ______after-class readingassemble n _____ convict n ____date adj ____ drama adj ____ adv ____fiction adj _____ obsession penalty anto _____psychology n(people)_____ adj ___ adv ____settle anto ____ popular n ____curious n _____ mystery adj _____predict adj ____ n ____ profession adj _____vary adj _____ n _____ detect n ____ ______ adj _____unit 2character n_______ v______ adj______compliment adj______ deserve adj_____, ______enterprise n(people)______fresh n ____ sincere anto ____ n ____intrigue syn ____ invest n _____ poet n ____ adj ____precise n ____ receive n(people) _____, _____ n _____sentiment adj _____ thrive adj _____vague syn _____ virtue adj ____, _____ adv ____, _____下列词汇都可以充当名词和动词，课本42页练习intrigue strain savor treasure credit boost note sign stuff count compliment floodafter-classdelight adj ____ edge adj _____ incessant adv ____mischief adj ______ adv ____ permit n _____rag adj _____ remain n _____ accomplish n _____assign n ______ accustom adj _______ respond n _____unit 3In-classAspire n _____ n(people) _____ adj ______Ambition adj _______sBias adj ______ syn(n) _____ syn(adj) _____Constitute n _____ adj ______ culture adj ______ adv _____Feminine anto _____ syn _____ Sex syn _____Gene adj ______ direct anto ____ numeral anto ____Neat n _____ notice adj _____ adv _____Participate n _____ stereotype adj ______Tremendous vitalIntend n ____ adj ____ anto _____Know adj _____ adv _____VitalApprove n ____ participate n ____Intend n ____ adj ____ anto ____Antonym of the following wordsConscious, encourage, direct, sexist, dependent, positive, superior, limited, appropriate, regardAfter-classAllocate n _____ contempt n ____ adj _____Discriminate n _____ adj _____ disrupt n _____Drama adj _____ adv ____Hope adj _____ adv _____ anto adj____ adv ____ n _____Lecture n_(people) _____ pervade adj ____ n ____Slop adj _____ lady adj _____ anto _____Criticism v____ n(people)_____ adj _____Advantage adj _____ anto adj _____ n _____Unit 4In-classEducate n _____ n(people)_____ manufacture n(people)______Motive syn_____ adj _____ multiply n _____Practice v _____ adj _____ adv _____Scorn n_____ work adj _____Confuse n____ adj _____ intelligent n _____Humor adj _____ n(people)____ anto adj ____ n _____Strategic n _____ combine n ____Create n _____ adj _____ pursue n ____adj ____Employ n ____ n(people)______, ____ anto n____ adj____Function adj ____ honor adj ____ value adj ____Origin adj ____ n _____ promote n _____ dismiss n ____Convention adj ____ apply n _____, ______Determine n _____ extension v ______After-classAwkward adv ____ expect n ____ adj ____, ____ adv ____ anto_____ Explore n ____ adj _____Complete n ____ anto adj _____ intervene n ____Intrude n _____ adj ____ reorient n _____Vigor adj ____ adv ____ initial n _____Adopt n ____ adj ____ exhibit n ______Withdraw n ___ appoint n _____ attach n ____ adj _____Unit 5In-classAthlete n ____ adj ______ confine adj _____ endorse n ______ Honesty adj ____ publicity n _____ v ____ adj ____ adv _____Scare adj ______ sneak n_____ admire n ______Private n _____ perfect n _____ fair anto____Necessary n____ adv ____ agree n_____ anto v_____ n____ Decide n ____ adj ____ choose n _____ lead n(people)_____ Determine n ______ Assist n(people)_____ n _____After-classArtificial adv_____ syn______ attorney syn____, _____Champion n _____ conceit adj_____Courage adj ____ v____ n_____ anto n______ v_____Deform n _____, _____ remove syn _______Eligibility adj_____ fame adj _____, _____Flatter syn ____ n_____ syn______ fundament adj____ adv_____Glory adj_____ adv_____ domitable anto_____Evitable syn____ anto____, _____ adv_____Legitimate adv_____ misguided anto_______Perpetual adv_____ privilege adj_____Reason v____ n____ adj _____ anto_____ syn_____Rightful adv____ selfish anto____ n_____ sex adj_____Shield n_____ talent adj_____ thank adj _____ adv_____Thrill adj____ remark adj____ anto_____ Sure v_____ n_____Unit 7In-classAdequate n_____ anto adj_____ n______ commence n______Cuucial syn____, ____, _____ critical v____ n ____ n(people)_____Erase n____ fantasy adj_____ forgive adj_____Pain adj____ anto_____ prepare n_____ adj_____Present v____ adj_______ n_____ pretend n______Quit n(people)______ suppose adj_____ adv______Tolerate n_____ adj_____ challenge adj____ anto____Imagine n______ adj____, ____, ______ anto____Leaen anto_____Antonyms of the following wordsBelief deep learn shame polite inadequate success boring dependent mediocre useless weii-informed smart painful imaginative challengingAfter-classAdministrate n ____ n(people)_____ adj_____Chill adj____ content adj____ curse n ____Desperate n_____ execute n ____ n(people)_____exhilarate adj____ glaze n_____ leisure adj_____realize n_____ rot adj_____ soothe n_____ possess n____moan n____ stagger n _____unit 8in-classaddict n_____ adj_____ antique n_____ biochemical n_____chronobiology adj_____ synchronise n______n(sth)____ anto___ external anto____ humid n_____ perceptual n____tyranny n(people)_____ clock anto_____perceive n_____ predict n_____ adj_____ignore adj_____ n______ remark adj_____ dynamic n_____ urgent n____ celebrate n_____ replace n____resent n____ severe adv______ complain n_____recover n____ appreciate n_____analyze n_____n(people)_____ adj_____capable n_____ concentrate n____after-classabsurd n____ agriculture adj____ n(people)conscious n_____ adj____ distort n______embassy n(people)______ explicit anto_____relunctance adj____ adv_____ stir n____ adj_____utmost adv____ illustrate n____ effect adj_____persist n_____ adj______。