英语过去分词 PPt
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非谓语动词之现在分词和过去分词.ppt.ppt
想加入本俱乐部的人在这里签名。
The man, who had been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.) (The man, having been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.
由于被严重困扰，这个人几乎失去了记忆。
4
（4）过去分词作定语在意义上有两种可能：表示被动和 完成，只表完成。如：
the question discussed yesterday 昨天讨论的问题 （既表示被动也表示完成）
the fallen leaves •落下的树叶 (只表示完成，不表示被动)
2、作表语 分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。如： She was too frightened to move. 她被吓得一动不动。 What you said is really inspiring. 你所说的真令人鼓舞。
(Seeing/seen) from the top of the tower, the factory looks beautiful. When the factory is seen from the top of the tower, the Factory looks beautiful.
After he was scolded by the teacher, he was very sad.
17
4.Not knowing where to go, he asked a policeman .
Because he didn’t know where to go, he asked a policeman.
5
3、作宾语补足语
The man, who had been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.) (The man, having been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.
由于被严重困扰，这个人几乎失去了记忆。
4
（4）过去分词作定语在意义上有两种可能：表示被动和 完成，只表完成。如：
the question discussed yesterday 昨天讨论的问题 （既表示被动也表示完成）
the fallen leaves •落下的树叶 (只表示完成，不表示被动)
2、作表语 分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。如： She was too frightened to move. 她被吓得一动不动。 What you said is really inspiring. 你所说的真令人鼓舞。
(Seeing/seen) from the top of the tower, the factory looks beautiful. When the factory is seen from the top of the tower, the Factory looks beautiful.
After he was scolded by the teacher, he was very sad.
17
4.Not knowing where to go, he asked a policeman .
Because he didn’t know where to go, he asked a policeman.
5
3、作宾语补足语
过去分词(9张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件
了。
• I will have my watch repaired.
我想把我的手表修一下。
归纳速记 “have+宾语+非谓语动词"的用法 口1.have sb.do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，不定式往往表示一次性的具体动作，且强 调动作已经完成或者尚未发生。
The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father. 士兵们让这个男孩背对着他爸爸站着。 口2.have sb./sth.doing sth意为"让某人/物一直做某事”，现在分词往往表示这个动作 具有持续、进行的含义。 The two men had their lights burning all night long.那两个人让灯通宵亮着。 口3.have sth.done意为"让别人做某事"，相当于ask sb.else to do sth.。 The driver had his car washed once a week.那位司机每周叫人洗一次他的车。
• (2)及物动词的过去分词作定语表示被动、完成意义,不及物动词的过 去分词作定语只表示完成意义。
• Look at the broken glasses.看看这些碎了的玻璃杯。 • broken及物动词的过去分词作前置定语，表示被动和完成 • There are fallen leaves on the ground in fall.秋天地上到处是落叶。 • fallen不及物动词的过去分词作前置定语，只表示完成
• Seen from the hill, our school looks more beautiful. 从山上看,我们学校显得更美丽了。(作条件状语)
• I will have my watch repaired.
我想把我的手表修一下。
归纳速记 “have+宾语+非谓语动词"的用法 口1.have sb.do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，不定式往往表示一次性的具体动作，且强 调动作已经完成或者尚未发生。
The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father. 士兵们让这个男孩背对着他爸爸站着。 口2.have sb./sth.doing sth意为"让某人/物一直做某事”，现在分词往往表示这个动作 具有持续、进行的含义。 The two men had their lights burning all night long.那两个人让灯通宵亮着。 口3.have sth.done意为"让别人做某事"，相当于ask sb.else to do sth.。 The driver had his car washed once a week.那位司机每周叫人洗一次他的车。
• (2)及物动词的过去分词作定语表示被动、完成意义,不及物动词的过 去分词作定语只表示完成意义。
• Look at the broken glasses.看看这些碎了的玻璃杯。 • broken及物动词的过去分词作前置定语，表示被动和完成 • There are fallen leaves on the ground in fall.秋天地上到处是落叶。 • fallen不及物动词的过去分词作前置定语，只表示完成
• Seen from the hill, our school looks more beautiful. 从山上看,我们学校显得更美丽了。(作条件状语)
过去式过去分词(完整版)PPT
四
May
五
June
六
July
七
August September October November December
八 九 十 十一 十二
3
Numbers
• three-third-thirteenth-thirtieth • four-fourth-fourteenth-fortieth • five-fifth-fifteenth-fiftieth • eight-eighth-eighteenth-eightieth • nine-ninth-nineteenth-ninetieth • twelve-twelfth • one hundredth
sell sold sold shoot shot shot sit sat sat sleep slept slept smell smelt smelt strike struck struck sweep swept swept stand stood stood win won won wind wound wound begin began begun bite bit bitten blow blew blown break broke broken
易错的过去式，过去分词
set set set read read read spread spread ~ bring brought ~ burn burnt burnt catch caught ~~~ feel felt ~~ fight fought ~~~ find found ~~~ hang hung ~~~ lay laid laid lie lay lain lend lent lent mean meant meant
过去分词(68张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件
lent rent sent spent
过去分词 bent built
lent rent sent spent
（4）A-B-B 将两个相同元音变成一个元音
原形 bleed 流血
breed 养育
feed 喂 meet 遇见 shoot 射击
lead 带领
过去式 bled
bred
fed met shot
过去分词 let put set shut
（2）A-B-A型
原形 come 来 become 变成 overcome克服 run 跑
过去式
过去分词
came became
come become
overcame
overcome
ran
run
（3）A-A-B型
原形
过去式
beat 打
beat
过去分词 beaten
练一练 适当形式填空 In some languages,100 words make up half of all words ________ (use)in daily conversations.
选出最佳选项
The manager wanted the plan that they discussed
(3) 过去分词作定语有两种情况，如果过去分词单个 的词，就放在被修a饰的词的前面；若为分词短语则 放在所修饰的词的后面
The excited children are opening their Christmas presents. 兴奋的孩子们正在打开他们的圣诞礼物。Some of the people invited to the party can’t come.
过去分词
过去分词 bent built
lent rent sent spent
（4）A-B-B 将两个相同元音变成一个元音
原形 bleed 流血
breed 养育
feed 喂 meet 遇见 shoot 射击
lead 带领
过去式 bled
bred
fed met shot
过去分词 let put set shut
（2）A-B-A型
原形 come 来 become 变成 overcome克服 run 跑
过去式
过去分词
came became
come become
overcame
overcome
ran
run
（3）A-A-B型
原形
过去式
beat 打
beat
过去分词 beaten
练一练 适当形式填空 In some languages,100 words make up half of all words ________ (use)in daily conversations.
选出最佳选项
The manager wanted the plan that they discussed
(3) 过去分词作定语有两种情况，如果过去分词单个 的词，就放在被修a饰的词的前面；若为分词短语则 放在所修饰的词的后面
The excited children are opening their Christmas presents. 兴奋的孩子们正在打开他们的圣诞礼物。Some of the people invited to the party can’t come.
过去分词
过去分词PPT教材课件
I saw her taken out of the classroom.
3. 使役动词: make, get, have, keep ,leave, etc.
e.g. We must get the table cloth washed. = We must ask somebody to wash the table cloth. He had his watch repaired.
e.g. 2. Given more time, I’ll catch up with you. 过去分词作条件状语相当于条件状语从句 (If I am) given more time, I’ll catch up with you. e.g. 3. Born and brought up in the village, he knows a lot of people there. 过去分词作原因状语相当于原因状语从句 (Because he was) born and brought up in the village, he knows a lot of people there.
常见的这类此有： interesting — interested encouraging — encouraged delighting—delighted disappointing—disappointed pleasing—pleased puzzling—puzzled satisfying—satisfied surprising—surprised worrying--worried
4.在“with / without＋宾语＋宾补(过去分 词)”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动 宾关系。 e.g. Do you know the man with his hair tied back?
过去分词用法总结(共53张PPT)
further study.
adverbial
3. Many students are addicted to playing
computer games.
predicative
4. At work, it is IQ that get you hired but it is EQ that get you promoted.
What is the language that is spoken in Italy?
What is the language spoken in Italy?
Do you know all the artists invited to the party?
Do you know all the artists who were invited to the party?
1.语态上
现在分词: 表示主动的动作 过去分词: 表示已经被动的动作
I heard someone opening the door .
I heard the door opened .
2.时间上
现在分词: 表示正在进行的动作 过去分词: 表示完成的意思
the falling leaves boiling water the rising sun the fallen leaves boiled water the risen sun
Presentation
主讲人：
Underline the past participles and tell the
function
1. The lost time can never be found again.
attribute
动词的过去式和过去分词(共20张PPT)
（1） AAA型（动词原形、过去式、 过去分词同形）
cost（花费） cost cost cut（割） cut cut
hit（打） hit hit hurt 伤害） hurt hurt
let（让） let let put（放） put put
read （读） read read spread (伸展/ 传播) spread spread
understand take
mistake
came became
sat babysat
got forgot
stood understood
took
mistook
3. keep feel sleep
sweep leave meet feed speak freeze
kept felt slept swept left
fly---- flew rode
know（知道） knew known
throw（投掷）threw (4) ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）4
put（放） put put
thrown
read （读） sell（卖）
read rseahdow（出示）
sold sold
showed
shown
tell（告诉） told told
wear （穿） wore worn be ( am, is, are )（是）was, were been
hit
1. beat
beat
cost
hurt
cut
cut
set
let
let
put
put
read
read
[red]
2. come become sit babysit get forget stand
cost（花费） cost cost cut（割） cut cut
hit（打） hit hit hurt 伤害） hurt hurt
let（让） let let put（放） put put
read （读） read read spread (伸展/ 传播) spread spread
understand take
mistake
came became
sat babysat
got forgot
stood understood
took
mistook
3. keep feel sleep
sweep leave meet feed speak freeze
kept felt slept swept left
fly---- flew rode
know（知道） knew known
throw（投掷）threw (4) ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）4
put（放） put put
thrown
read （读） sell（卖）
read rseahdow（出示）
sold sold
showed
shown
tell（告诉） told told
wear （穿） wore worn be ( am, is, are )（是）was, were been
hit
1. beat
beat
cost
hurt
cut
cut
set
let
let
put
put
read
read
[red]
2. come become sit babysit get forget stand
《过去分词》课件
例如，cost -> cost, hurt -> hurt
03
过去分词的用法
作为谓语使用
总结词
表示被动或完成
详细描述
过去分词在谓语中常用于表示被动或完成的状态，如“The book was borrowed by me yesterday. (这本书昨天被我借走了。)”中的“borrowed”表示被动，“The dishes have been washed. (盘子 已经洗完了。)”中的“washed”表示完成。
要点一
总结词
表示时间、条件、原因等
要点二
详细描述
过去分词可以作为状语，表示时间、条件、原因等，如 “Having finished the work, she went home. (完成工 作后，她回家了。)”中的“Having finished”表示时间 ，“If seen from the hill, the city looks more beautiful. (如果从山上俯瞰，这座城市看起来更美。)”中 的“seen”表示条件。
填空题练习
总结词
检验学生的应用能力
详细描述
填空题练习主要检验学生是否能够在具体的 语境中正确运用过去分词。这种题型可以帮 助学生更好地理解过去分词的用法，并提高 他们的语言应用能力。
翻译题练习
总结词
提升学生的语言转换能力
详细描述
翻译题练习主要通过英汉互译的方式，让学 生在实际操作中加深对过去分词的理解和运 用。这种题型可以帮助学生提高语言转换能
过去分词
强调动作的完成和结果，常与时间状 语连用，表示某个动作在某个时间点 之前已经完成。
现在分词
强调动作的进行和过程，常与时间状 语连用，表示某个动作正在进行中。
03
过去分词的用法
作为谓语使用
总结词
表示被动或完成
详细描述
过去分词在谓语中常用于表示被动或完成的状态，如“The book was borrowed by me yesterday. (这本书昨天被我借走了。)”中的“borrowed”表示被动，“The dishes have been washed. (盘子 已经洗完了。)”中的“washed”表示完成。
要点一
总结词
表示时间、条件、原因等
要点二
详细描述
过去分词可以作为状语，表示时间、条件、原因等，如 “Having finished the work, she went home. (完成工 作后，她回家了。)”中的“Having finished”表示时间 ，“If seen from the hill, the city looks more beautiful. (如果从山上俯瞰，这座城市看起来更美。)”中 的“seen”表示条件。
填空题练习
总结词
检验学生的应用能力
详细描述
填空题练习主要检验学生是否能够在具体的 语境中正确运用过去分词。这种题型可以帮 助学生更好地理解过去分词的用法，并提高 他们的语言应用能力。
翻译题练习
总结词
提升学生的语言转换能力
详细描述
翻译题练习主要通过英汉互译的方式，让学 生在实际操作中加深对过去分词的理解和运 用。这种题型可以帮助学生提高语言转换能
过去分词
强调动作的完成和结果，常与时间状 语连用，表示某个动作在某个时间点 之前已经完成。
现在分词
强调动作的进行和过程，常与时间状 语连用，表示某个动作正在进行中。
现在分词和过去分词PPT课件
现在分词
The Present Participle
.
现在分词的形式
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
Doing
Being done
完成式
ne
• 现在分词的一般式通常表示其动作与谓语 动词的动作同时发生。如：
She sat there reading a novel.
其中一位代表提出了一个令人难堪的问题。
.
现在分词短语做定语时通常后置， 相当于一个定语从句
• Most of the young teachers working in this university are
Ph.D..
在这所大学工作的大多数 年轻教师都是博士。
相当于定语从句：who work in this university
现在分词短语强调与谓语动词的动作发生的顺序时，前 面可带有when，while，after，before，since等从属连词。
.
现在分词（短语）作原因状语
• Having no place to go, the man wandered about in the
street.
由于没有要去的地方，那个男
.
现在分词（短语）作条件状语
• Working hard, you will succeed. 努力工作，你就会成功。
• Standing on the building, you can see the whole city. 站在那座楼上，你会看到整个城市。
.
现在分词（短语）作让步状语
• Such committees, being very balanced, almost never succeed in making unequivocal judgments. 这种委员会虽然代表性很均衡，但几乎从未做出 过十分明确的决定。
The Present Participle
.
现在分词的形式
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
Doing
Being done
完成式
ne
• 现在分词的一般式通常表示其动作与谓语 动词的动作同时发生。如：
She sat there reading a novel.
其中一位代表提出了一个令人难堪的问题。
.
现在分词短语做定语时通常后置， 相当于一个定语从句
• Most of the young teachers working in this university are
Ph.D..
在这所大学工作的大多数 年轻教师都是博士。
相当于定语从句：who work in this university
现在分词短语强调与谓语动词的动作发生的顺序时，前 面可带有when，while，after，before，since等从属连词。
.
现在分词（短语）作原因状语
• Having no place to go, the man wandered about in the
street.
由于没有要去的地方，那个男
.
现在分词（短语）作条件状语
• Working hard, you will succeed. 努力工作，你就会成功。
• Standing on the building, you can see the whole city. 站在那座楼上，你会看到整个城市。
.
现在分词（短语）作让步状语
• Such committees, being very balanced, almost never succeed in making unequivocal judgments. 这种委员会虽然代表性很均衡，但几乎从未做出 过十分明确的决定。
过去分词变化规则-PPT课件
2.词尾为-ow，-aw时，过去式将其变为-ew，过去分词在 其原形后加n。
blow—blew—blown draw—drew—drawn grow— grew—grown know—knew—known throw—threw—thrown （show除外）
3.词尾为“i＋辅（1个）＋e”，过去式将i变为o，过去 分词多在原形后加n，若那个辅音字母为d或t，须双写d或 t后加n。（give，hide除外）
过去分词的用法
表示动作的完成 或者被动
一.AAA型（动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形）
cost（花费）cost--cost cut（割）--cut--cut hit（打）--hit-- hit hurt 伤害）--hurt-- hurt let（让）--let --let put（放）--put --put read （读）--read-- read
11.改变元、辅音字母。
leave—left—left stand—stood—stood have（has）— had—had understand—understood—understood
五.ABC型（动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形）
1.i—a—u变化。
begin—began—begun drink—drank—drunk sing— sang—sung ring—rang—rung swim—swam—swum sink— sank—sunk
2.词尾有-ild，-end时，只需把d变为t。
build—built—built lend—lent— lent send—sent—sent spend—spent— spent
3．过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught。
过去分词PPT课件
Ⅰ. Finish the following exercises.
1. If I had the chance, I would have a c_l_o_n_e_d_ (clone) baby.
A.clone C. cloning
B. to clone D. cloned
If I had the chance, I would have a baby w__h_o_i_s_c_l_o_n_e_d_.
规律（1）：
单个的及物动词-ed形式作定语往往置于被修饰词_前___
(前/后)，表示__被__动__或__完__成___(主动/进行/被动/完成)
意义，可改写成动词用__被__动____(主动/被动)形式的
_定__语__从__句___。
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18
* 过去分词短语作定语，置于被修饰词的后面 ，同样可改成定语从句。
finish-finished know-known complete-completed fall-fallen imagine-imagined forget-forgotten
规则动词的过去分词直接在动词词尾加
上-ed或 -d ， 不规则动词的过去分词有不 规则的变化，需要单独记忆。
2021
3
work in the USA, a
developed country.
Now he lives in the
countryside. He is
taking a walk on the
path(小路) which is
covered with fallen
leaves.
2021
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1. What does fallen leaves mean?
过去分词课件PPT课件
Grammar
动词-ed形式作定语 动词-ed形式作表语 动词-ed形式作宾语补足语 动词-ed形式作状语
第1页/共55页
一、动词-ed形式作定语
过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很 紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词
形容词 (the Participle Adjective), 实际上相当
动词的-ed形式可以在“主语+谓语+宾 语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。 在这一结构中, 动词-ed形式和它前面的宾 语构成逻辑上的被动关系。如果这种句子 改为被动语态,原来的宾语补足语变成了主 语补足语。
第17页/共55页
People found the girl beaten black and blue． 人们发现这个女孩被打得青一块紫一块。 (宾语补足语) The girl was found beaten black and blue． (主语补足语)
He grew much tired of the work．
他十分厌倦这工作。
He seemed quite delighted at the idea.
听了这想法他似乎很高兴。 第12页/共55页
高考题
1) Cleaning women in big cities usually get
____ by the hour. (NMET98)
I have never heard him spoken ill of others.
我从未听过有人说他的坏话。
She felt a great weight taken off her mind．
她觉得心里轻松了些。
They considered the matter settled．
动词-ed形式作定语 动词-ed形式作表语 动词-ed形式作宾语补足语 动词-ed形式作状语
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一、动词-ed形式作定语
过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很 紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词
形容词 (the Participle Adjective), 实际上相当
动词的-ed形式可以在“主语+谓语+宾 语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。 在这一结构中, 动词-ed形式和它前面的宾 语构成逻辑上的被动关系。如果这种句子 改为被动语态,原来的宾语补足语变成了主 语补足语。
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People found the girl beaten black and blue． 人们发现这个女孩被打得青一块紫一块。 (宾语补足语) The girl was found beaten black and blue． (主语补足语)
He grew much tired of the work．
他十分厌倦这工作。
He seemed quite delighted at the idea.
听了这想法他似乎很高兴。 第12页/共55页
高考题
1) Cleaning women in big cities usually get
____ by the hour. (NMET98)
I have never heard him spoken ill of others.
我从未听过有人说他的坏话。
She felt a great weight taken off her mind．
她觉得心里轻松了些。
They considered the matter settled．
高中英语过去分词的用法课件(共53张PPT)
– Can those ____ at the
back of the classroom
hear me?
A. seat
B. sit
C. seated D. sat
35、___ in the queue for half an hour, the man suddenly realized he had left the money in the car. A. Waiting B. To wait C. Having Waited D. To have waited
非谓语动词的用法讲解：
过去分词的用法
过去分词作定语
作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，表被动或表完成
1. 过去分词用作定语，如果是单个词语，常置于其所修 饰的名词之前。
The injured workers are now being taken care of in the hospital.
2.过去分词用作定语，如果是短语，一般置于其所修饰的 名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句。
The two theories were interesting. The news were disappointing. The result of the exam is delighting. What he does is satisfying.
• They were __s_u_rp__ri_s_e_d__ at the news.(惊奇于）
因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。
值得注意的是，有些过去分词作状语时不表 被动而表主动。这样的过去分词及短语常见 的有：
lost （ 迷 路 ） ； seated （ 坐 ） ； hidden （ 躲 ） ； stationed （ 驻 扎 ） ； lost / absorbed in （ 沉 溺 于 ） ； born （出身于）； dressed in （穿着）； tired of （厌烦）。
过去分词用法-PPT课件
•9
定语
3. 被修饰词是由 不定代词 Every/ some/ any/no + thing/ body 所构成的，V-ed后置。 例：有人受伤吗？ Is anybody injured?
•10
定语
4. V-ed 短语做（后置）定语，相当于定语从句 He is reading a novel written by Lu Xun. He is reading a novel (which was) written by Lu Xun.
•23
宾语补足语
• 3. 表“希望”、“要求”、“命令” 等 • 如 like, want, wish, order……
例：我可不想我的女儿天黑以后被带出去 I don’t want my daughter to be taken out after dark.
* Want to do sth. Want sb./ sth. done (被动）
•24
宾语补足语
• (to) V./ V-ing/ V-ed 作宾补的区别 I saw him take away the book just now. 主动（结果） I saw him taking away the book on the desk正. 在（过程） I saw the book taken away by a child. 被动
* See sb./ sth. done
•21
宾语补足语
2. 表“使让” 使役动词（let, make, get, keep, leave, have) + V-ed, 表使让。
It was so cold that the driver couldn’t get the car started.
定语
3. 被修饰词是由 不定代词 Every/ some/ any/no + thing/ body 所构成的，V-ed后置。 例：有人受伤吗？ Is anybody injured?
•10
定语
4. V-ed 短语做（后置）定语，相当于定语从句 He is reading a novel written by Lu Xun. He is reading a novel (which was) written by Lu Xun.
•23
宾语补足语
• 3. 表“希望”、“要求”、“命令” 等 • 如 like, want, wish, order……
例：我可不想我的女儿天黑以后被带出去 I don’t want my daughter to be taken out after dark.
* Want to do sth. Want sb./ sth. done (被动）
•24
宾语补足语
• (to) V./ V-ing/ V-ed 作宾补的区别 I saw him take away the book just now. 主动（结果） I saw him taking away the book on the desk正. 在（过程） I saw the book taken away by a child. 被动
* See sb./ sth. done
•21
宾语补足语
2. 表“使让” 使役动词（let, make, get, keep, leave, have) + V-ed, 表使让。
It was so cold that the driver couldn’t get the car started.
过去分词用法详解ppt课件
A. recorded
B. record
D. having recorded
4.Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining
company, _B__as 3M.(04’ZJ)
A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known
6
﹡ ﹡ The differences (used as Attribute)
5. to do 表示一个将来的动作 to be done 表示一个将来的被动动作 doing 表示一个正在进行的主动动作 being done 表示一个正在进行的被动动作 e.g. I have much work to do. The building to be finished at the end of this year will be our lab
2.介词with＋宾语＋过去分词
The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back. With all the work finished, he went back.
15
Exercises:
1.You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it
5.----Shall we go swimming ?
----OK. I’ll just go and get __A___.
A. changed B. to change C. to be changed D. changing
13
Step Ⅲ used as Object Complement 1.及物动词的过去分词作宾补表示一个完成且被动的动 作; 不及物动词的过去分词作宾补只表示动作的完成和 状态。
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• 2.跟在作表语的形容词或过去分词的后面 例如:I„m sorry to hear that.听到这事我感到 很难过 3.用在too... to...结构中。例如: He is too young to understand all that.他 太年轻了，不能理解这件事 五、动词不定式作宾语补足语 动词不定式作宾语补足语是动词不定式用法的 一个重点，要注意以下三种情况: • 1.作动词ask, like, tell等的宾语补足语时，动 词不定式符号to不可以省略。例如:He asked me to talk about English study.他请我谈谈 英语学习
Practice： 1、You should know better than___your little sister at home by herself. A.to leave B.leaving C.have left D.left Solution:此处than作连词，其后引导的不定式短语作know的宾语 2、He made a long speech___his ignorance of the subject. A.only showing B.only showed C.only to show D.only as to show Solution:此题考查only to do的用法。“only to do” 结构常用作句子的结果状语，表示未曾预料到的令人懊丧的结 果。 相关链接： 一、表示结果的”only to do”结构可以改为由and或but连接的并 列句，但仍然表示结果之意。例如： 1。I ran to the school，only to be informed that I wasn‟t admitted by Pecking University=I ran to the school and was informed that I wasn‟t admitted by Pecking University。
• 2.作使役动词let, have, make以及感官动词feel, hear, see, watch等的宾语补足语时,动词不定式 符号to要省略（但是被动语态时to不能省略）。 例如: The teacher made him say the word like this. 老师让他像这样说这个单词 • 3.作动词help的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to 可以带，也可以不带。例如:Could you help me (to) carry the heavy box？你能帮我搬这个 重箱子吗？
Attention: get作"使,让,叫某人做某事"时,要用get sb. to do s t h. 结构.例如: Mother got Tom to buy a pack of sugar 2.两个或两个以上的动词不定式由连词and \or \than \but 连接时,从第二个不定式起,往往省略不定式符号to.但如 果强调对比之意时不省略.例如 (1)She 'd like to take off her coat and have a break. (2)The students are taught to read,write and do many other things. (3)I t 's more difficult to do than to say .(强调语意前 后对比) (4)The teacher came not to punish you but to help you.(强调语意前后对比) (5)I wondered whether to study or to work.(强调语 意前后对比)
b) 省略动词不定式符号to的情况 1.动词不定式作感官动词feel \see \notice \watch \find \hear \listen to \observe和使役动词have \make \let等的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to 省略.如果这些动词用于被动语态,其后的动词不 定式符号to不能省略(但let除外).例如: (1)We often hear him sing the song at home . (=He is often heard to sing the song at home.) (2)The y knew her very well.They had seen her grow up from childhood. (=They knew her very well.She was seen to grow up from childhood.)
2.不定式作宾语补足语时,省略to后的动词部分,即 用to代替整个不定式.例如: (1)The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street but his mother told him not to. (2)You'd better finish the job on time if he ordered you to. 3.在一些情态动词或助动词ought to \have to \used to \be able to后.例如: (1)-Must I go now -No.You don 't have to. (2)-Are you planning to see your grandfather -No.But I ought to
二、带逻辑主语的动词不定式短语： 为了特别说明动词不定式短语动作的发出者，动 词不定式可以带有自己的逻辑主语，构成方法 是： for + 逻辑主语 + 不定式。（注意：逻辑主 语用宾格形式， for 本身无实际意义，它只表明 后面的主语从逻辑上分析是不定式的主语。） It„s necessary for us to help each other. 我们互相帮忙是必要的 There is much work for me to finish 有许多工作要我去完成
3.不定式作表语,用来解释主语或主语从句中do的 精确含义时,往往可以省略动词不定式符号to.例 如: (1)The first things he did was go up to her trainer and thank her for all her help during her training. (2)What we want to do now is lie down and rest. (3)What a dictionary does is help the students to find out the meaning and the usage of new words
4.在why或why not引起的表示建议或责问的省略问句中. 例如: (1)Why get so excited (2)Why not join us,Tom 12月专四模拟题 Since you are free,why__it now? A.don‟t B.dosen‟t C. not do D.do not 5.在一些类似情态动词词组had better \would rather \would sooner\would （just） as soon（宁愿） \may/might as well\had best \rather than \can‟t but \can‟t help but（不由得不）等之后.例如: (1)In China it is important to invest in education rather than increase personal wages. (2)Jack would rather read than talk. (3)You'd better put on more clothes,or you'll catch a bad cold. (4)She dares to go to the lonely island by herself.I can 't but admire her bravery.
动词不定式短语的两种主要形式
一、带疑问词的动词不定式短语： who, what, which, when, where, how, why 以及whether等疑问词加to do可构成不定式 短语，在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、 表语等。eg： When to start has not been decided. (主 语） I don’t know what to do. （宾语） He can tell you where to get the book. （宾语补足语） The question is who(m) to ask. （表语）
• I find it useful to learn English well.我发现 学好英语很有用 • 三、动词不定式作定语 不定式作定语，要放在它所修饰的名词或 代词的后面。例如: I have nothing to say on this question.对这个问题我无可奉告 四、动词不定式作状语 动词不定式及其短语具有副词的特性，可在 句中用作状语。 1.放在句首也可以放在句尾表示目的 例如: He stopped to have a rest.他停下来 休息
• 2. He survived the crash only to die in the desert. 相当于： He survived the crash but died in the desert. 飞机坠毁时 他幸免遇难，但却死在了沙漠里。 • 二、 “ only ＋不定式”结构也可以表示目的。例如： She didn„t call you only not to trouble you. 她没给你打电 话是不想给你添麻烦。 三、“ if only to do... ”表示语气上的转折，常译为：“即使只 是为了……”。例如： I would rather make a journey to Emei Mountain, if only to enjoy some fresh air. 我宁愿去峨眉山，就算只是为了呼 吸一点新鲜空气也值。 四、“ have only to do sth. ”结构意为“只要……就行” 例 如：You have only to finish your own job. 你只要完成你 的那份工作就行了。 五、 “ have only to... to... ”结构表示“只要……就” 例如： You have only to call us in 8 hours to get a set of software worth of 60 dollars. 只要在 8 小时之内给我们打 电话，你就会获得一套价值 60 美元的软件。