企业融资过程中的税务筹划

目录

摘要 (1)

ABSTRACT (1)

绪论 (3)

1 基本理论 (3)

1.1税务筹划的概念与兴起 (3)

1.2企业融资的动因和方式 (3)

1.2.1 企业融资的动因 (3)

1.2.2 企业融资的方式 (4)

2 负债融资的税务筹划分析 (4)

2.1发行债券融资的税务筹划 (4)

2.1.1债券溢价、折价摊销方法的选择 (5)

2.1.2债券支付利息方式的选择 (5)

2.2长期借款融资的税务筹划 (6)

2.3融资租赁的税务筹划 (6)

2.4负债融资利息支出处理的税务筹划 (7)

3 权益融资的税务筹划分析 (9)

3.1发行股票融资的税务筹划 (9)

3.2留存收益的税务筹划 (10)

4负债融资与权益融资的税务筹划决策分析 (10)

4.1税收角度考量 (10)

4.2财务杠杆斟酌 (11)

4.3顺序理论借鉴 (11)

结论 (12)

致谢 (14)

摘要

众所周知，资金的筹集是企业财务工作的起点，保持企业资金流的可持续性是企业日常经营中极为重要的一环。因此，能否制定出最佳的融资方案是关乎企业生存发展难以逃避的问题。通常，我们认为企业的融资目的主要是为了满足企业日常营运所需的用资需求。根据财务管理理论，按照企业筹措资金所通过的渠道的不同，可将企业的筹资方式分为权益性资金筹资和债务性资金筹资，对两种融资方式份额选取的差异，形成每个企业大相径庭的资本结构，致使企业潜在的财务风险也截然不同。

在筹资过程中进行税务筹划，是要在严格遵循税收法规的情况下，合理安排权益资金和负债资金的比例，形成最优资金结构，既最大限度地降低企业融资成本，又尽量减轻企业税收负担。本文以税务筹划的起源与企业融资的动机和方式为开端，主要就通过对企业权益性融资和债务性融资方式的罗列，详细介绍每种常见融资方式自身的优劣，以及该种融资方式下所存在的有利于节税的合法的财务工作举措。最后从税收角度、财务杠杆效用等方面来确定企业节税效果与经营成果俱佳的企业最优资本结构，从而让税务筹划在企业融资过程中落到实处。

关键词：融资；决策；税务筹划；税收优惠；节税

Abstract

As we all know，raising funds is an original content of enterprise financial work. The most important link in the enterprise operation is to maintain a continuous flow of enterprise’s funds. So whether the enterprise could work out the best financing decision is one of key issues related to the survival and development of enterprises, and any enterprise needs to face. In general, we believe that the main purpose of financing is in order to meet the funding demand for daily operations. According to the theory of financial management, depending on the sources of funding, corporate financing can be divided into equity capital financing and debt capital financing. Enterprises thus form different capital structure, leading to different financial risks.

Using of tax planning in the financing, is to follow the tax regulations, reasonable arrangement of equity capital and debt capital ratio, and form optimal capital structure to minimize financing costs and try to reduce the corporate tax burden of enterprises. This paper begins with origins of the tax plan, the motives and methods of corporate financing, primarily through list some enterprise’s equity financing

method and debt financing method, introduce the pros and cons of each common financing method in detail, as well as illegal financial operations in favor of tax initiatives through this type of financing method. Finally from tax perspective, financial leverage and so on to determine optimal capital structure of enterprises which effects of corporate tax saving and operation results to make the tax planning in enterprise's financing process carried out.

Key words: Financing；Decision；Tax Planning；Tax Preference；Tax Saving