大英综合教程5答案

UNIT1Vocabulary I.1. allot2. go through fire and water3. reside4. sobbed5. made no mention of6. sacrifice7. came upon8. rhythm9. volume 10. something of a II.1. I stayed on as an assistant professor.2. I hold it to my ear because I want to hear time tick away.3. The salary is not won derful, but the duties are light.4. The moral of the lesson is not to talk to strangers.5. Yes, but it cannot hold a candle to Huangshan. III.1. The nasty smell from the kitchen made her stomach churn.2. When she sank into drunkenness, she was able to forget her sorrow.3. In the 1500 meters, Martin and Parker came first and third respectively.4. The two hills Shunner Fell from the north and Lovely Seat from the south flank the famous Butter Tubs Pass.5. Levi, in gratitude to Joshua, gave a party for him.Iv. 1. ambition-----ambition-----regardless of 2. discourse---by way of 3. is engraved---inward V. 1. have come upon/across 2. had come out 3. come on/up 4. came acr oss 5. comes down to 6. came around/to 7. comes to 8. came through 9. came up with 10. comes up Usage1. the Wilsons2. Mark Twain3. Annie Johnsons4. another Winston Churchill5. a Mrs. Burton6. a Budweiser7. A Monet8.an old FordComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze 1. Text-related 1.go through fire and water 2. salary 3. give---no peace 4. si nk into 5. ambition 6. By way of 7.expressive 8. churned 9. engraved 10. not ho ld a candle to 11. inward 2. Theme-related1. Success2. literacy3. significantly4. promoting5. appropriate6. too7. later8. repetition9. invented 10. lessII. TranslationAlthough my grandmother was illiterate, she had a good stock of myths and legends . When I was young I gave her no peace, constantly asking her to tell me stories. After she had finished her housework, she would lift me onto her lap and tell stories, all th e while rocking me in rhythm. Having noticed my interest in stories, my parents lost no time in initiating me into reading. They bought many storybooks with illustrations, and whenever free, they would read these stories to me over and over again. By and by I had a vocabulary large enough to read on my own.UNIT2 Vocabulary I. 1.1) appetite 2) destructive 3) agency 4) processed 5) saturated 6) utter 7) hoisted 8) r eferring to 9) retrieve 10) Unfortunately2.1) Peter was chasing the dog and Tom was riding the wooden horse in the garden. 2) They all looked on except one young man. He took her to the hospital instantly. 3) I la id charges against the company and won the case.4) If we want to stay competitive, first of all we need to modernize our factory. 5) The y got irrigation water from the dammed rivers.3.1) Except in the oases the desert is almost devoid of vegetation, although some stunt ed, thornyshrubs grow in the western Sahara. 2) The fruits growing wild in the coastal forest are edible.3) The national security agency made recommendations for improving safety standar ds in airplanes / to improve safety standards in airplanes.4) The Beatles enjoyed success on a scale unparalleled by any previous pop group.5) The emergence of language was a defining factor in the evolution of modern huma ns.4.1) Excluding other factors such as quality and price, products which are attractively p ackaged are bound to attract more consumers, particularly children and young peopl e. Packaging has become an important way to boost / of boosting the sales of produc ts.2) In the eyes of some businessmen, consumers' health comes second to profits. The y sell chicken infected with salmonella and crabs with traces of antibiotics.3) It can be hard to go vegetarian. The important thing is to make changes you feel co mfortablewith, at your own pace. While stopping consuming any products for which animals ar e bred and slaughtered may be ideal, even a slight reduction in meat consumption isa step in the right direction. 5.1) get over 2) got to 3) get through 4) get over 5) get by 6) get away 7) got in 8) get …out 9) get along 10) get away withII. Collocation 1. I asked her why she didn't make use of her talent and sing a pop son g on the graduation day. 2. Uncle Tom, the long-suffering slave in Harriet Beecher Sto we's Uncle Tom's Cabin, died amiserable death.3. We still have to learn how to live a harmonious life, not only with other people but also withthe environment. 4. Breathing a deep breath, he ran up to take the penalty kick. 5. I dreamed a bad dream last night in which I was running through the forest, and be ing chased by a bear.6. My friend smiled a bitter smile when I asked her whether she'd found all the mone y she'dlost.7. Black people have a hard fight to fight before they win real equality.8. People with mood disorders often sleep a troubled sleep. They toss and turn, restl esslyoccupied with negative thoughts.Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze 1. Text-related (1) exclude (2) stubborn (3) devoid of (4) bow to (5) potent (6) drawbacks (7) contaminating (8) heightened (9) infected (10) come second to2. Theme-related (1) consumption (2) between (3) packed (4) evident(5) population (6) encouraging (7) grave (8) against (9) criticize (10) itselfII. TranslationStudy after study has uncovered the fact that there is a close correlation between foo d and a number of chronic diseases. For example, a decreased risk of certain chronic diseases is associated with an increased consumption of plant-based foods. Therefor e, in the past decade, the American Dietetic Association has urged Americans to redu ce their intake of animal fats, and to boost consumption of fruits, vegetables, and gra ins. Meanwhile, the United States Department of Agriculture has released a docume nt containing the food guide pyramid, which encourages a minimum of three vegetab le and two fruit servings per day. However, many Americans still don’t meet / listen t o these recommendations.UNIT3 Vocabulary I. 1.1) invitation 2) eloquent 3) concede 4) contradictory 5) conceals 6) guilty 7) generalize 8) get caught in 9) for now 10) as a last resort2.1) Non-smoking area. John’s very intolerant of people who smoke. 2) She is an intere sting character, and a bit of a mystery to me. 3) Because it does not reveal their marit al status.4) We are planning on trekking through the Malaysian Rainforest. 5) He muttered so mething under his breath that I couldn’t understand. 6) They may need to wear prote ctive rubber gloves and clothing.7) The chairperson said sometimes unemployment tempted the youth into criminal a ctivities. 8) Though she never admitted it, the look on her face when I mentioned Ja mes’ name gave heraway. 3.1) Throughout history, people have been intrigued by the question of whether there i s intelligentlife elsewhere in the universe.2) The hill farmers' lot has never been easy and in recent years has been assailed by a series ofmajor crises. 3) As with most people in his family, Grey is a great talker when he's in t he mood to talk.4) Few people find it necessary to condemn white lies on the grounds that they are n ot real lies. 5) All the evidence of your qualifications and skills that backs up the clai ms you make in yourrésumé should be included.4.1) In general, everything that irritates us about others can lead us to an understanding ofourselves. To disregard what the world thinks of us is not only arrogant but also utterl y shameless.2) Eddie was adamant that his son should neverindulge in vain wishes; he believed th at it wasabsurd for his son to pursue a romantic but utterly impractical career in the future. 3 ) Those considering an adventurous safari in Central Africa should be awarethat there is anextremely small, but nonetheless present, risk of encountering bandits on the road. T hus they should decide for themselves whether such potential risks will be personally acceptableto them and their companions.5.1) go around / round 2) Go for 3) went off4) go on 5) is going on 6) go about 7) go along 8) go through 9) go by 10) go over II. Usage1. The manager was chatting with the chairman of the board about something that c oncerned thefuture of their cooperation and I could tell that he was being careful with his words.2. Tom didn't really like the food, but he was being polite and ate quite a bit.3. He kept tapping on his teacup with his spoon because he was getting impatient wa iting forthe waiter to come around.4. By handing in papers off the Internet, students are being stupid because they run t he risk ofbeing caught and expelled from school. 5. He was being a coward by not being truthf ul to himself and others.6. Some of the nurses were very rude and told Edgar he was being a nuisance when he complained.7. Don't talk nonsense. I'm being serious.Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze 1. Text-related (1) go along (2) honesty (3) straightf orward (4) indulge in (5) What about (6) dodge (7) assert (8) absurd (9) resort (10) ju ggle2. Theme-related (1) asserting (2) go along (3) because (4) part(5) Mistakes (6) exceptions (7) end (8) resort (9) dying (10) freedomII. TranslationThe new president of our university disapproves of the idea that we should be allowe d to tell lies under certain circumstances. He believes that if people get used to tellin g any kind of lie, they will indulge themselves and eventually be stuck with the bad h abit. To tell or not to tell a lie can sometimes become a very sticky issue, but our pres ident insists on the notion that nobody in the world of education should dodge the responsibility of attaching primary importance to honesty while teaching the young. I a gree with him. What about you?Vocabulary I. 1. UNIT4(1) for myself (2) concluded (3) infinite (4) internal (5) misery (6) mode (7) ventured ( 8) visible (9) observation (10) commended2.1) I lay in bed feeling thoroughly wretched.2) It is fragrant with the smell of apple blossom.3) They are fine specimens of the veteran revolutionaries. 4) I’d like to enroll in the m odern art course if it is not too late. 5) The taste is slightly bitter, and it has a strange odor. 3.1) The scheme does nothing to help families on low incomes and is sure to provoke / callforth/draw/ arouse criticism.2) Jenny is terribly uncertain as to whether Bob is the right boy for her.3) These goods bear no resemblance to those I saw printed in the advertisements.4) In China, where black hair and black eyes are the norm, her blond hair and blue ey es are rather conspicuous.5) We did not have time for a rehearsal before the performance because of the delay of ourflight. 4.1) The new parliament member, an energetic politician and ardent advocate of the w elfaresystem, said: "The investigation has revealed that there are still people who lead a wr etched existence in our society. To leave them to their own devices is to deny them t he basic human right, the right to a decent life."2) One day my professor entrusted me with a task of doing a certain experiment and meantimegave explicit instructions that I must read his new book beforehand. The book, howe ver, did not commend itself to me. Could I go ahead without reading it? The perplexit y haunted me for quite a while. Then I decided I could not look him in the face if I bet rayed his trust. So I started reading his book in earnest before turning to the experim ent.3) The day I left for college, my father gave me an alarm clock and an English learner’sdictionary. Both proved useful in my subsequent years of study. The latter helped to make me accurate in my writing while the former helped me to be punctual. Howeve r, I had to part with the clock with reluctance later when it was proved to be beyond r epair. 5. 1) turned to 2) turned…down 3) turn up 4) turned out 5) turned…over 6) tu rned on 7) turned away8) turns out9) turned in10) turning inII. Confusable Words 1) come2) Come; bring; bring 3) take; taken 4) went; went; going 5) went; came 6) take 7) bri ng 8) come 9) brought 10) went / cameComprehensive Exercises I. Cloze1. Text-related(1) Enrolling(2) specimen (3) leave him to his own devices (4) investigation (5) By and by (6) conte nt with (7) entrusted (8) reluctance (9) infectious (10) observation (11) mode (12) grounded in 2. Theme-related (1) known (2) only (3) doing (4) assistance (5) assi gnment (6) simply (7) But (8) turned (9) singled (10) becauseII. TranslationWhen I enrolled in Math 202, I anticipated difficulties because I was not well grounded in mathematics in high school. The course was taught by Professor Richardson, a fine specimen of an old-fashioned gentleman, very cordial to his students. However, wh en it came to academic matters, he was by no means an easy person. Before he start ed his lecture, he discoursed enthusiastically on the importance of working in an ord erly fashion, of being thoroughly prepared before each class, and of not being conten t with what you have learned. His attitude towards work was infectious, and by and b y I became an ardent math lover, too.UNIT5Vocabulary I 1. 1) percentage 2) zone 3) warmth 4) diverse 5) widen 6) look ed around 7) in the face of 8) in perspective 9) temperate 10) theoretical2.1) Its profits shrank from $5 million to $1.25 million in the last global financial crisis. 2 ) They will have to adhere to the cultural norms of the organization in order to be suc cessful with their database project.3) My hometown is/lies halfway in between SalkLakeCity and Denver. 4) I saw waves battering (against) the rocks at the bottom of the cliff.5) Flood waters washed away the only bridge connecting the village to the outside w orld. 3.1) Your report on the new car park is fine, but why don't you beef it up with some fig ures?2)There is a wide variation among Internet providers in cost, features, software, relia bility and customer service.3) Poverty is one of the reasons for the high incidence of crime in this neighborhood.4) I suggested we sing and dance for the elderly people in the nursing home, and all my roommates were in favor of my idea.5) Doctors who are compelled to work 36 hours at a stretch cannot possibly be fully efficient. 4.1) Much of the loss of biodiversity currently being experienced is attributed to huma n activity. Natural extinction is being accelerated by human populations wiping out e ntire ecosystems for development and single crop farming. Destroying naturally diver se vegetation destroys the life sustained by that habitat. We already know thescary ef fects of deforestation on global warming, but do we stop to think about the thousan ds of animal and insect species that are dying off because of global warming?2) In August 2005, some scientists from esteemed scientific organizations predicted t hat a temperature increase of 2 °C above the pre-industrial level could trigger the me lting of the Greenland ice sheet, which would have overwhelming consequences for s ea levels and biodiversity. At the current level of climate change, this prediction could become a reality in 10-15 years.3) With huge amounts of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases in the atmosphere global surface temperature would rise to a great extent, thereby melting the north a nd south pole glaciers causing drought, and throwing agriculture intoturmoil.The effe cts would be magnified if temperatures keep going up dramatically. 5.1) think back to/on 2) think … over 3) thought of 4) think of …as 5) think up1) picked up 2) picked out 3) picked up 4) picked on 5) picks atII. Word Family1. 1) contaminated 2) contaminate 3) contamination 4) uncontaminated2. 1) habita ble 2) habitation 3) inhabit 4) uninhabited 5) uninhabitable 6) inhabited Comprehe nsive ExercisesI. Cloze 1.1) beef up 2) coastal 3) infavour of 4) residents 5) theoretical 6) disastrous 7) ba ttered 8) shrinking9) migrate 10) washed away 11) Scary 12) humanity 2.1) predicting 2) accuracy 3) basis 4) collide 5) atmosphere 6) melts 7) affected 8) actions 9) striving 10) technologies II. TranslationMost scientists no longer doubt that the world is warming up and that humanity has altered climate. They agree that the long-term effects of global warming will be disas trous for the planet and its inhabitants. What is more, climate change won’t be a smo oth transition to a warmer world. Some regions will be greatly affected by abrupt cli mate changes. Enormous areas of densely populated land like coastalFlorida would b ecome uninhabitable. Hundreds of millions of residents would have to migrate to saf er regions. Therefore, it is no surprise that global warming has made its way onto the agenda of world leaders.UNIT6VocabularyI. 1. 1) the hard way 2) solemn3) wrote out 4) champion 5) ownership 6) privilege 7) To be sure 8) handicap 9) surge 10) cut the ground from under …feet2. 1) The committee aims to achieve reconciliation between the two opposing parties.2) The management's refusal to increase the minimum monthly grant.3) Public places such as metro stations, theaters, and museums have been made more accessible to the disabled.4) His love for the countryside brought forth a series of remarkable watercolors.5) It embodies the ideals of freedom and equality.3. 1) The books are keyed to the interests of children.2) We will not stand by and let the small village schools get closed for lack of funds.3) Their response was in effect a refusal to our request though they didn't turn it dow n explicitly.4) Generous to a fault, he paid for all the expenses 5) We shall always feel we are de eply in your debt.4. 1) Under the leadership of SamWalton, Wal-Mart prospered at an amazing speed. Asked about the underlying reasons for the great success, he said, "To begin w ith, it's the two orientations that characterize the culture of this company: cooperativ e with regard to making decisions, and trusting in relation to fellow workers. Every e mployee has a strong sense of obligation to the company and boundless enthusiasm for the work."2) Most chapters of this book are dedicated to the effects of games onchildren. According to the author, in performing and observing actions, like the collisi on of two objects, babies can have first-hand experience of the relations implicit in th e phenomena. And team sports can help to shape children's personality in a positive way, because they can learn how to cooperate with each other in the competition.3) Martin Luther King and Rosa Parker had a lot in common. They wereblack people as well as civil rights heroes. They led black people to combat discrimina tion and inequality and to try to gain control over their own destinies. Faced with gre at difficulties and failures, they hung on and never gave up because they held to the notion that all men are created equal. (destiny, in common, combat, notion, hang on) 5. 1) set out2) set off 3) set in 4) set aside 5) set up6) set about7) set off 8) set up 9) set up 10) set apartII. Words with Multiple Meanings1. According to the manager, what he wants is a simple yet effective sales plan.2. Us ually he was a serious man, yet this joke reduced him to hearty laughter / set him lau ghing heartily.3. The governor has put forward a series of policies to cut the state budget, but the e ffects of the new measures have yet to be seen.4. He is not yet 20, but his technical control, confidence, brilliance and intellectual de pth display an outstanding maturity.5. John wouldn't let me see his essay, because he hasn't finished it yet.6. Maybe the reason scientists have yet to receive signals from extraterrestrial intellig ence is that there isn't any extraterrestrial intelligence sending signals.7. She knew the sensible thing to do was to leave the place as soon as possible, yet s he wanted to stay.8. Her selective yet comprehensive exhibition draws mainly from public collections, a mong them many of the United States' most distinguished libraries. Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. 1) personalities2) embody 3) underlying 4) collision 5) leadership 6) ownership 7) ideals 8) cha mpion 9) the hard way10) prospered2. 1) indication2) sensitive3) career 4) resign 5) supply 6) disciplined 7) promoted 8) criticized 9) surrende r 10) respectedII. TranslationRobert Lee’s father’s life had been plagued by poor financial investments. He was jail ed twice for unpaid debts and in the end was forced to flee the country. Lee’s mother was the dominant force in shaping Lee’s personality. Against the poignant failure of h er husband, she was determined that the tragedy should not be repeated in the life o f her children. Self-control, a sense of obligation and an indomitable spirit were the vi rtues she taught Lee. In 1825, with an aspiration to win back the family honor, Lee be gan studying at West PointMilitaryAcademy. This began a new chapterof his life. Over the four years, he consistently finished near the top of every course.UNIT7VocabularyI. 1. 1) anonymous 2) piling up3) advent 4) sober up 5) articulate 6) dwindle 7) not least of all 8) vague 9) bust ed 10) rotting2. 1) Its theme was that philosophy has very close links with mathematics and artificial intelligence.2) He is illiterate; worse still, he has a criminal record and lives in a world of lies and d eceit.3) They carried out first aid to save the patient from bleeding to death.4) They suggested that I go for broke, and be undeterred in pursuit of my dream.5) He thinks it highly unlikely that such good luck will come his way again.3. 1) The advent of spring —symbol of renewal — has been a constant theme inEdward's writings.2) Why those nasty things were being said of her was just beyond her comprehensio n, and as for myself I have never heard anything so offensive in all my life.3) Malcolm Padina, managing director of Informix Software Inc, has called for a new i nitiative to purge the market of software pirates / software pirates from the market.4) New evidence implicated Melancia in a financial scandal in February 2008. 5) Pain s were tearing at my chest as I was running a two-mile race. I felt my knees sinking lo wer and lower as if I were running across quicksand.4. 1) Operating a vehicle while intoxicated is a serious offence in itself, but few cases hit the headlines unless they involve serious injury. 2) Ten years ago, when Bru ce R., a 57-year-old insurance broker from Southern California, was on the verge of s uicide after having gambled away the trust of his family and a small remnant of busin ess partners, little help was available. He was, at one point, advised by two doctors th at he just needed to get his gambling "under control"—which is like telling a drug add ict to take drugs more moderately.3) The company was facing great financial problems due to the devastating effects of nationwide economic depression. Naturally the CEO’s sudden resignation at such a di fficult time led to great resentment from the board of directors. The only hope they h ad was that the banks would keep the firm from bankruptcy by accepting a reorganiz ation plan.5. 1) fall under 2) fall behind3) had fallen apart 4) fall back on5) fall to 6) had left off 7) leave out 8) Leaving aside9) be left alone10) left behindII. Usage1. a. figurative b. literal2. a. literal b. figurative3. a. figurative b. literal4. a. literalb. figurative 5. a. figurative b. literal6. a. literal b. figurativeComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. 1) legalize2) philosophy 3) sober 4) addicts 5) spouses 6) deceit 7) dwindle 8) pile up 9) l ured 10) criminal11) revenue12) hit the headlines2. 1) indicate2) compulsive3) addictions 4) financial 5) combination 6) blueprint 7) retirees 8) explosion 9) ide ntified 10) triggerII. TranslationGamblers’ family members always pay a steep price. They not only have to endure th e pain of having their wealth wiped away overnight, but they are also frequently over whelmed with feelings of depression and hopelessness. A nationwide survey found t hat over 2 million adults identified a spouse's gambling as a significant factor in a prio r divorce. The number of divorces in a county in Mississippi has nearly tripled since th e advent of casinos. The county has also witnessed increases in domestic violence sin ce then. A considerable body of evidence showed that the expansion of legally sancti oned gambling destroys individuals, ruins families, increases crime, and ultimately co sts society far more than the revenues government collects.。