英语音标

din 喧闹 seen sun win
/ ŋ/
ding 唠叨 seeing sung wing
舌边辅音/l/
• /l/ • lead • light
/n/ need night
/r
/j/
• warm
young
• well
yard
• while
yield
• where there is a will, there is a way.
前元音
• /i:/ • feel • heat 热 • leap 跳 • /æ / • bad • land • Dad • map • hat
• /i/ • fill • hit • lip 嘴唇 • /e/ • bed • lend • dead • met • head
前元音练习
bee
bill
Measure for measure.以牙还牙 She sells sea shells on the seashore.她在海边捡贝壳。
摩擦辅音
• /h/ • hard • he • house • who • hi • hello
• /r/ • red • road • write • wrong
• A large army marched past the farmyard． • It’s hard to see any stars in the dark sky． • The clock is stopped , it’s not long．
• Lost time is never found again． • Who said the soup was too cool?
1.什么是国际音标？
由于英语的拼写形式和读音有很大 的 分歧, 所以无法完全根据字母来读音。
为了精确地学习和掌握语音, 就要借 助一种注音手段来弥补这一缺陷, 于是便 产生了一定数量的精确记录语音的符号， 叫做“音符”(Phonetic symbols)。
国际音标（旧称万国音符）是国际 语音学协会（IPA --- International Phonetic Association) 于1888年拟定的一 套为各国语言注音的语音符号。我们这里所 说的国际音标是专门为英语注音的那一部分 标音符号。目前我国通用的国际音标共有48 个, 其中, 元音音标20个，辅音音标28个。
• track • tree • truck • try
• drag • dream • drug • dry
Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you. 麻烦不找你，就别自找麻烦。
鼻辅音/m/ /n/
• dim 朦胧的 • seem • sum • whim 怪想
other.
• There is something. • They have been there for more than three
months.
摩擦辅音/ ∫ / /ӡ /
• cash • fish • ship • shoe
• leisure 闲暇 • measure 测量 • pleasure • vision 视觉
• As a rule , the skies are blue in June ． • He looks like a good cook． • I took my book and looked at it as long as
I could．
中元音/ ә: / / ә /
• earth • search • bird • church
爆破辅音
• /p/ • pea • /t/ • tear • /k/ • class
Good, better, best， Never let it rest， Until good is better, And better best ，
• /b/ • bee • /d/ • dear • /g/ • glass
循序渐进 永不停止 好上加好 精益求精
摩擦辅音 /f/ /v/
• fast • few • leaf • proof • safe • surf
• vast 巨大的 • view • leave • prove • save • serve
He works hard as if he never knew fatigue. It is very difficult for us to finish it before five.
A friend in need is a friend indeed（患难之交才是真 朋友）
后元音
• / ɔ:/ • all • fall • hall • /u:/ • goose 鹅 • food • loose 松的 • / ɑ:/ • calm
• /ɔ/ • boss • fox • hot • /u/ • good • foot • look • /Λ/ • come
摩擦辅音/s/
• bus • ice • loose • race • used
/z/
• buzz 蜂音 • eyes • lose • raise • used
摩擦辅音 / θ / / ð /
• thank • theme • thick • bath • breath • cloth
• than • these • this • bathe • breathe • clothe
/ θ/
• thin • thing • faith • mouth • /ð / • breathe • clothe • seethe 沸腾
/s/
• sin • sing • face • mouse • /z/ • breeze 微风 • close • seize
/ θ/
• thank • thought • /ð / • there • they • those • /θ/ • three
/t/
• tank • taught • /d/ • dare • day • doze 打瞌睡 • /f/ • free
• A thousand thanks. • Cathy has three brothers. • Mr. Smith talked about this, that and the
英语元音
(English vowels)
英语元音音素共 20个。分单元音 和双元音两大类。
单元音的分类
a. 前元音：/ i: /, / i /, / e /, / æ / b. 后元音：/ ɑ:/, / ɔ /, / ɔ:/, / u /, / u: /, /Λ/ c. 中元音： / ә: /, / ә /
• another • order • method • doctor
My younger brother is a doctor． Give me some butter and sugar．
We will have a get-together after supper．
双元音/ei/
• age • late • pain • fail
• 有志者，事竟成。
• you still look young, year after year.
• 一年一年过去了，你看起来还那么年轻。
破擦辅音 /ts/
• carts • rates • Seats • / t∫/ • cheep • choke 闷塞 • larch 落叶松 • rich
/dz/
• cards • raids • Seeds • /dӡ / • jeep • joke • large • ridge 脊
破擦辅音/tr/ /dr/
双元音的分类
a. 合口双元音：/ ei /, / әu /, / ai /, / au /, / ɔ
i/
b. 集中双元音：/ i ә /, / εә /, / uә /
英语辅音
(English consonants) (共28个）
a.爆破音 / p /, / b /, / t／, / d /, / k /, / ɡ / b.摩擦音 / f /，/ v /，/θ/，/ ð /，/ s /，/ z / , / /，/ /， / h /, / r / c.破擦音 / t∫/，/dӡ /，/tr/， /dr/，/ts/，/dz/ d.鼻音 /m/ , /n/, /ŋ/ e.旁流音（舌侧音） / l / f.半元音 / w /, / j /
deep
dig
task
test
Give me a beefsteak, peas ,and beer, please. Catch that mad black cat． Better late than never.(迟做总比不做好) Better to do well than to say well .(口说不如实干)
/e/
• edge • let • pen • fill
双元音/ai/
• bike • mine • height
/ɔi/
• boy • coin • noise • voice
双元音 / ә u/ /au/
• coal • pose • loan 贷款 • bowl 碗
• doubt • found • noun