苯氯苯精馏塔工艺设计

山东理工大学

毕业设计

题目：苯-氯苯精馏塔及预热器的工艺设计

学院：化学工程学院

专业：化学工程与工艺

学生姓名：许林鸿

指导教师：陈磊

毕业设计（论文）时间：2016年3月1日～5月30日共16周

本设计完成了工艺计算和设备设计两方面的内容，设计思想依照所学课程

《化工原理》[1]和《化工设备基础》[2]。工艺计算确定塔径，塔总高度。设备设计部分，确定换热器的选型，根据《化工设计》[3]确定工艺流程。

设计内容可以概括如下：1.分析设计条件，确定设计方案；2.精馏塔的工艺计算；3.精馏塔及塔板的工艺尺寸计算；4.附属设备选型；5.塔的结构设计和强度校核；6.精馏塔装配图绘制；7.带控制点的工艺流程图设计。

本设计没有特殊要求，故选用的是圆筒形裙座，直径为800mm。最后进行了筒体和封头的强度和稳定性计算，各人孔和接管的开孔补强计算，筒体的强度和稳定性以及水压试验的校核，通过校核，确定本设计的塔体壁厚、高度等在设计压力下均符合要求。

本设计针对苯-氯苯的精馏问题进行分析、选取、计算、核算、绘图等，是较完整的精馏设计过程。通过对精馏塔的运算分析，可以得出精馏塔的工艺流程、生产操作条件及物性参数以及根据分离物性进行选材，以保证精馏过程的顺利进行并使效率尽可能的提高。此外对塔的附属设备分析、计算、物料衡算进行选型

设计。使整个生产工艺过程做到经济、实用、效率高、产品精准的目的。

关键词：氯苯；精馏；筛板塔

The complete design of the main content and process calculation equipment design two aspects, design the main course "Chemical Engineering

Principle" in accordance with what they have learned "Chemical Equipment Basis" calculated and determined technology tower diameter, total height of the tower. Equipment design part, determine the selection of the heat exchanger, according to "Chemical Engineering Design" determination process.

The main design can be summarized as follows: 1 analysis and design conditions to determine the design; 2 fractionator process of calculation; calculation of rectification column 3 and tray geometries; 4 ancillary equipment selection; 5 column..... structural design and strength check; 6 fractionator assembly drawing; 7 flow chart design with control points.

Because of the design are no special requirements, so the choice is cylindrical skirt and a diameter of 800mm. Finally, calculate the strength and stability of the cylinder and head, each hole and took the opening reinforcement calculation, check the strength and stability of the cylinder and the hydrostatic test, by checking to determine the design of the tower wall thickness, height, etc. are under design pressure to meet the requirements.

The design for benzene - rectification problem chlorobenzene analysis, selection, calculation, accounting, graphics and so on, is more complete rectification design process. By fractionator operation analysis can be drawn from the distillation column process to produce operating conditions and physical parameters as well as the selection was based on the separation, so as to ensure the smooth and efficient distillation process as much as possible to improve. Further analysis of ancillary equipment tower, calculation, mass balance conducted selection and design. So that the whole production process

to achieve economic, practical, efficient, accurate product purpose. Keywords: chlorobenzene; distillation; sieve column