牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(一)stories(有答案)

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牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(一)work and career(有答案)

话题阅读（一）Work and Career（A）A busy manager and a factory worker have the same leisure problem: how to find the time and energy after a long, tiring day to come to life as human being and live their lives. They have very little spare time in which to be themselves and not enough energy left at the end of the day to be 1 , mentally or physically active or creative.When their hours of work are suddenly and severely reduced, both men have a different leisure problem: how t~ fill the time that was previously 2 by work. they are now free to do all the things they always thought they wanted to do. After a period of adjustment, they 3 golf and cocktail parties or fishing and gardening, according to their taste, and are then considered to have solved the leisure problem. In fact, they may have done nothing of the kind. They may now be spending part of their time doing things which bore them instead of things which 4 exhaust them. They may be following their different leisure activities not because these are theactivities that have always 5 them but simply because social conventions ( 习俗) suggest that they are suitable ways for managers or factory workers to spend their non-working hours.If they lose their jobs altogether, both men have a great increase in leisure. Indeed, all the time they previously spent working is now leisure time. Yet they are then not said to have a leisure problem, but a work problem. They have this problem even when savings or a pension gives them a (n) 6 income so that the earning of money is not important for 7 survival. They have a work problem not only because there is in most men a practical need to earn a living.There is also a psychological need to be a (n) 8 member of society, doing something to earn the respect of other people, and a need to be doing something which 9 self-respect.1-5. G FCBE 6-9. DHIJ（B）When we think of leadership, we often think of strength and power. But what are these really, and how do they operate?1. A.asking B.forcing C.telling D.making2. A.unsatisfactory B.interesting C.unwanted D.wonderful3. A.long-term B.future C.society D.end4. A.willing B.reluctant C.continue D.unable5. A.help B.associate C.provide D.avoid6. A.really B. most C.less D.more7. A.freely B. efficiently pletely D.successfully8. A.strength B. authority C.pressure D.emotion9. A.devoted B. reluctant C.attracted D.interested10. A.positive B. favorite C.natural D.peaceful11. A.go on B. work C.do D.carry on12. A.satisfactory B. helpful eful D.important13. A.that B. those C.one D.all14. munication B. friendship C.relationship D.leadership15. A.key B. answer C.solution D.foundation1-5. BCADB 6-10. CBDAA 11-15. BDBCA（C）As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is responsible for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.If a firm wants to adopt a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a method of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be successful, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers.In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of those requirements is given a value, usually in "points", which are added together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate mangers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their ability to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without reference to an evaluation system based on points.In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should compare the value of each job with those in the job market. It should also consider economic factors such as the cost of living and the labor supply.It is necessary that payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that thejob is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the work done with thehands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, for indirect workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.Word BankPersonnel Department 人事部scheme n. 计划1. Methods of additional payments are adopted for indirect workers because ______________ .A. their work is not so important as that of other workersB. they do not get good wagesC. the measurement of their work is difficultD. the company does not have enough money2. In designing a new pay system, affirm should consider _____________besides comparing the value of each job with values in the job market.A. the way of evaluating management workB. the method of calculating the payC. the requirements of each jobD. the labor supply and the cost of living3. Which of the following statements is true?A. In every company only the Accounts Department is involved in the management of wages and salaries.B. The method of evaluating higher management work is the same as that of evaluating the job done by workers.C. If a job is performed differently, the payment for the job should be different too.D. In most cases, career promotion and pay increase are determined only by the agreementbetween Trade Union and employers.4. The main purpose of this passage is to____________ .A. give details about the responsibilities of both the Accounts Department and the Personnel DepartmentB. tell readers how a firm can succeed in adopting a new pay systemC. explain how the performance of a job can be measured in pointsD. convince readers that management work is more difficult to evaluate than the work done by workers1-4. CDCB（D）Real policeman hardly recognize any resemblance between their lives and what they see on TV—if they ever get home in time. There are similarities, of course, but the cops don't think much of them.The first difference is that a policeman's real life revolves round the law.Most of his training is in criminal law. He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a professional lawyer and what is more, he has to apply it on his feet, in dark and rain, running down an alley after someone he wants to talk to.Little of his time is spent in chatting to scantily-clad ladies of in dramatic confrontations with desperate criminals. He will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty—or not—of stupid, petty crimes.Most television crime drama is about finding the criminal: as soon as he? s arrested, the story is over. In real life, finding criminals is seldom much of a problem. Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorists attacks-where failure to produce results reflects on the standing of the police-little is spent on searching.Having made an arrest, a detective really starts to work. He has to prove his case in court and to do what he often had to gather a lot of different evidence. So, as well as being overworked, a detective has to be out at all hours of the day and night interviewing his witness and persuading them, usually against their own best interests, to help him.Word Bankresemblance n. 相似evidence n. 证据5. It is essential for a policeman to be trained in criminal law .A. so that he can catch criminals in the streetB. so that he can justify his arrest in courtC. because many of the criminals he has to catch are dangerousD. because he has to know nearly as much as a professional lawyer6. When murders and terrorist attacks occur the police.A. prefer to wait for the criminal to give himself awayB. spend a lot of effort in trying to track down their manC. try to make a quick arrest in order to keep up tear reputationD. usually fail to produce results7. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Generally the detective's work is over once the arrest has been made.B. People are usually willing to give evidence.C. Policemen and detectives spend little time at the type-writer.D. Policemen feel that the image of their live shown on TV is not accurate.8. Which of the following could be a suitable title for the passage?A. Policemen and Detective.B. The Reality of Being a Detective.C. Detective's Life—Fact and Fantasy.D. Drama and Reality.5-8. BBDC（E）We believe that there is more to education than preparation for a job. Children must be prepared for all aspects of their adult life work, leisure, personal relationships, creative activities, dealing with money matters, independence, parenthood.Nevertheless, it would unrealistic to provide an education which took no account of the needs of employers.What type of training does the business world regard as important?Many young people applying for jobs were, in the employers' opinions, very weak in the basic skills of handwriting, grammar and spelling. Though additional education at university levelimproved the student's general ability, a report states, "In basic skills the standards remained stubbornly low."It is doubtful whether standards have declined in recent years. What is certain is that employers do not believe the standard is now high enough. Do technological changes make greater demands upon the students' abilities?We should also remember that the job expectations of young people have increased. The girls who would have once become shop assistants or hairdressers now want to be secretaries. Boys who sought an apprenticeship 20 years ago now desire to an engineering degree. But it is still the same girls and boys with the same degree of ability. No wonder there are problems in reaching the "necessary standards" of the business world.Many employers believed that it was important for teachers to have experience outside the world of college and school. They should work for a while at some other kind of job "to see how the world of business and commerce differs from their own". The teaching profession and society in general needed a greater understanding of manpower needs and therefore of "the desired" direction of the education system.Word Banktake no account of 不考虑apprenticeship n. 学学9. The article mainly talks about.A. no education among young peopleB. meeting the educational requirements of employmentC. the problem of unemploymentD. the weaker standards of education10. In the writer's opinion, education should.A. pay more attention to students' academic abilityB. only meet the needs of employmentC. be suitable to all aspects of being an adult, including employmentD. focus on grammar11. "The same girls and boys" in Para. 6 refer to.A. those who are likely to be unemployedB. those who have just left middle schoolC. those who are looking for jobs far beyond their abilitiesD. those who might have become shop assistants, hairdressers and apprentices in the past.12. It's suggested that teachers should .A. never change their jobsB. spend more time on their school workC. get some work experience outside schoolD. improve their teaching methods9-12. BCDD。

牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(二)literature and art(有答案)

话题阅读（二）literature and art(A)A debate is spreading in Britain, from the far southern England to the northeast Scotland. The hunt is on to find a motto that sums up the nation in five words.However, there is a small problem. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are not, in fact, one nation. Britain is a union, and finding a national motto that combines that union is an almost impossible task.What bright person dreamed up this hunt for a motto? British Prime Minister Gordon Brown started the debate: he suggested is as part of a public discussion to determine "the ideals and principles that combine us together as a nation".Newspapers couldn't wait to get the game started. So they asked website readers to submit their own opinions.Some of the best included "No motto please, we're British" and "Mathematically, we could still qualify", a reference to the England football team's recent surprising performances in the European championship qualifiers.The first of these won a Times Online poll. You may wonder what it really means. The suggestion is that British people don't like to make a fuss. They would rather not go to the trouble of having a motto.However, it also suggests that Britain is a place with an established historical and cultural heritage: "We don't need a motto to sum us up and we know who we are, and we have done quite well without one for over 2,000 years, thanks."The second shows British people' s ability to make fun of themselves. The England team's failure to qualify angered a lot of people, but that doesn't mean they can't make a joke about it.The press treated the motto ideas so unkindly that it was abandoned. Yet the debate it set off. While mainly lighthearted, also has a serious side. Britain is worried it is losing its cultural identity.A large number of people arrived in Britain after World War II • The immigrants have a different sense of identity.The question is: how can we redefine Britain to include these people, and make them feel included? This will have to involve serious changing the way communities work and the government operates. People will really have to feel like they can make a difference. Muttering a motto every now and again is not going to make that happen.W ord Bankmotto n. 格言make a fuss 烦恼poll n. 投票mutter v. 念叨A. how the UK hunts for a national mottoB. how the British people react to finding the national mottoC. how media promote the finding of the national mottoD. how a debate about finding a national motto failed10. By saying "No motto please, we're British", the website readers mean that .A. there should be some ideals and principles to tie them togetherB. they would rather not go to the trouble of having a mottoC. the England football team didn't give a surprising performance without the mottoD. the British motto is losing its cultural identity11. We can infer that the people who said "Mathematically, we could still qualify" are .A. seriousB. bitterC. pleasedD. humorous12. The writer seems to think that .A. the motto will help the immigrants to develop their sense of belongingB. the way communities work will make a difference to the mottoC. muttering a motto can't guarantee that people feel includedD. a motto can sum the UK up and help people know who they areBBDC(B)Palmistry, or the art of reading the lines on a person's hand, is thousands of years old. It probably began in ancient India.Most people expect a palmist to tell them about their future. They ask questions like:Shall I be rich and successful? Shall I be famous? Shall I have a long and happy life? They do not ask: Am I a nice person? Am I brave or shy? Am I clever? Am I careful and reliable at work?But this is really what palmistry is about.Of course, there are people who do not believe in palmistry. They call it pseudoscience. But there are other people who believe that palmistry can tell us a lot about a person's talents and personality. Using the lines and other marks on the hand, a palmist is often able to foretell something of a person's future, but only in very general terms. The first thing a professional palmist does is to study the whole hand, its size, shape and texture (Is it smooth or rough?) Next he looks at the fingers, their length and shape and their condition of the fingernails. Finally he will study the lines of the hand. It is these lines that most people want to look at and try to "read".'Clear, strong linesHand lines which are clear and strong indicate a person who is calm, good-tempered and generally contented with life. This sort of person will not get angry quickly and will be cautious about getting involved in anything out of the ordinary. At work, such a person will be careful and reliable.Small lineA lot of small lines on the hand indicate a person who is sensitive and excitable. These people are nervous, get angry quickly and get excited easily. They are often very talented, but sometimes find it difficult to settle in one job. They frequently have a number of different hobbies.The heart lineIf your heart line is strong, you are a warm and affectionate person. If it is weak, then you are probably rather cool. If you have a lot of small lines coming off the heart line, you will have plenty of romance in your life.The head lineIf your head line is strong and clear, you are intelligent and imaginative. You will probably get a good job. However, this does not necessarily mean you will be rich and successful, as other factors are involved, for example, the number of small lines and the line of fate.The life lineIf you have a long life line, you will live a long time. A shorter life line indicates a shorter life.The line of fateStudy this carefully. If it is strong and reaches as far as the middle finger, you will be successful.Word Bankpalmistry n. 手相术pseudoscience n. 迷信13. Palmistry is a kind of .A. treatmentB. fortune-tellingC. medical examinationD. high technology14. Those who believe in palmistry think that palmistry can .A. make you richB. tell whether you will have a long or short lifeC. teach you how to get a high postD. tell you how to avoid accidents15. According to the passage, .A. hand lines which are clear and strong means you are a clever personB. the strong heart line means you are cold-heartedC. a warm person has strong head lineD. a reliable person has clear strong hand lines16. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. A romantic person may have a lot of small lines coming our of heart line.B. Not everyone believes in palmistry.C. Not everyone has the line of fate.D. A successful person may have a long line of fate.BBDC(C)1.As I travel across China, I hope to learn as much as I can about the Chinese people, your history, and your dreams for the future and I hope to help the Chinese people understand more of America's history, the lessons the American people have drawn from it, and the dreams we hold for the 21st century.2.I believe both Chinese and Americans aspire to many of the same things—to provide for our families, to teach our children, to build our communities, to protect our Earth, to shape our own futures, and pass brighter possibilities on to our children.3.There may be those here and back in America who wonder whether closer ties and deeper friendship between America and China are good. Clearly, the answer is yes. We have a powerful ability to help each other grow. We can learn much from each other. And as two great nations, we have a special responsibility to the future of the world. The steps we take over the next week can lead to far greater strides for our people in the years ahead.4.Here in this city of your magnificent history, we must always remember that we, too, will be ancestors. Someday our children and their children will ask if we did all we could to build just societies and a more peaceful world. Let our monument be their judgment that we did that. Let our progress include all people, with all their differences, moving toward a common destiny.5.Let us give new meaning to the words written in the ancient Book of Rites, what you call the Li Shi: When the great way is followed, all under heaven will be equal. Word BankWord Bankbilateral a. 双边的strive v. 努力CBADF(D)I've been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls "free writing". In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15—20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you've persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.Instead of staring at a blank start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through your available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.W ord Bankfleeting adj. 稍纵即逝的criticize v. 批评1. When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind "cannot work in parallel"(Para. 1) in the writing process, he means .A.no one can be both creative and criticalB.they cannot be regarded as equally importantC.they are in constant conflict with each otherD.one cannot use them at the same timeA.putting their ideas in raw formB.attempting to edit as they writeC.ignoring grammatical soundnessD.trying to capture fleeting thoughts3. What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing?A.To organize one's thoughts logically.B.To choose an appropriate topic.C.To get one's ideas down.D.To collect raw materials.A.it overstresses the role of the creative mindB.it takes too much time to edit afterwardsC.it may bring about too much criticismD.it does not help them to think clearlyDBCB(E)I was only eight years old when the Second World War ended, but I can still remember something about the victory celebrations in the small town where I lived. We had not suffered much from the war there, though like most children of my age, I was used to seeing bombed houses in the streets and the enormous army lorries passing through. But both at home and at school I had become accustomed to the phrases "before the war" and "when the war's over". "Before the war," apparently, things had been better, though I was too young to understand why,except there had been no bombs then, and people had eaten things like ice cream and bananas, which I had only heard of. When the war was over, we would go back to London, but this meant very little to me. I did not remember what London was like.What I remember now about VE Day was the afternoon and the evening. It was a fine May day. I remember coming home about five o'clock. My father and mother came in about an hour later. After dinner I said I wanted to see the bonfire, so when it got dark my father took me to theend of the street. The bonfire was very high, and some people had collected some old clothes to dress the unmistakable figure with the moustache they had put on top of it. Just as we arrived, theyset light to it. The flames rose and soon covered the "guy". Everyone was cheering and shouting,and an old woman came out of her house with two chairs and threw them on the fire to keep thefire going. I stood beside my father until the fire started to go down, not knowing what to say. Hesaid nothing either. He had fought in the First World War and may have been remembering the endWord Bankbonfire n. 篝火apparently adv. 显而易见的1. Where did the narrator live before the Second World War?A. In a small town.B. In London.C. In Europe.D. In the countryside.2. The unmistakable figure with the moustache most probably represents__________________ .A.someone who died in the warB.someone who had wonC.an imaginary figureD.the most hated person in thewar—Hitler3. The narrator's father ______________.A.had fought in the Second World WarB.may have suffered much during the previous warC.helped build a bonfire on VE DayD.added something to the fire to keep it going too4. By saying " Let's hope that this time it really will be the last one", the father meant thatA.he hoped there would be no more wars in the worldB.he wished the Second World War had not happenedC.he hoped people would not build any more bonfiresD.he wished people would learn many lessons from the war BDBA。

牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(一)trip and journey(有答案)

话题阅读（一）Trips and journey（A）1-5. JCEGH 6-9. AFDB（B）Paris is the capital of the European nation of France. It is also one of the most beautiful and famous cities in the world.Paris is called the City of Light. It is 1 an international fashion center. What stylish women are 2 in Paris will be worn by women 3 the world. Paris is also a famous world center ofeducation. For instance, it is the headquarters of UNESCO, the Unites Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.The Seine River 4 the city into two parts. Thirty-two bridges 5 this scenic river. The oldest and perhaps most well known is the Pont Neuf, 6 was built in the 16th century. The Sorbonne, a famous university, 7 on the Left Bank (south side) of the river. The beautiful white church Sacre Cceur lies 8 the hill called Montmartre on the Right Bank (north side) of the Seine.There are many other famous places in Paris,9__ the famous museum the Louvre and as well as the cathedral of Notre Dame. However, the most famous landmark in this city 10 the EiffelT ower.Paris is named 11 a group of people 12 the Parisii. They 13 a small village on an island14_ the Seine River about two thousand years ago. This island, called the lede la Cita, is 15 Notre Dame is located. Today around eight million people live in the Paris area.1. A. as well B. also C. too D. as well as2. A. clothing B. putting on C. dressing D. wearing3. A. all over B. whole over C. overall D.over whole4. A. divided B. arranges C. breaks D.classifies5. A. pass B. cross C. cover D.lie6. A. it B. where C. that D.which7. A. is locating B. is located C. locates D.located8. A. on top of B. at top of C. on top D.top of9. A. as such B. such like C. such as D.like such10.A. must be B.can be C.has to be D.need be11.A. behind B.after C.about D.concerning12. A. called B.to be called C.calling D.being called13. A. have built B.had built C.built D.build14.A. among B.in the middle of C.between D.over15. A. in which B.where C.which D.that1-5. BDACB 6-10. DBACA 11-15. BACBB（C）Trip 1 Black Bear CountThere have been fires in this area in the last few years and the Office of the National Park is not sure how many black bears air still living. Some bears have been seen since the fires, and the Office has asked for young people to help count them. The entire trip will last three hours. Bookings necessary.Cost- FreeWhen: May 8Trip 2 Garland ValleyBring your drink and lunch for this walk in a beautiful area of the Blue Mountains. Garland Valley is close to the town of Garland hut is part of the National Park. Many wild animals live in this area, including many rare birds. This is a great walk for bird-lovers. The trip lasts four hours. Bookings necessary.Cost: $15When: May 8, May 15Trip 3 Flashlight AdventurePut on your warm clothes, bring a flashlight and a pair of glasses, and come for a night walk along the Dungog Valley. A guide will lead the tour. Many of the animals you will see on this trip can only been seen at night. The guide will tell you about the lives of the animals you see. Numbers are strictly limited on night trips, so be sure to book early. This walk lasts two and a half hours.Cost: $12When: May 8, May 15, May 22Equipment to be needed:•Please bring enough water and food for all walks.•Wear good walking shoes—no high heels.•Wear a hat for day walks.•Dress warmly for night walks.•Children must be with an adult.•Make sure your flashlight works well and bring extra batteries for night walks.•Follow all instructions from guides during the walks. The mountains are a dangerous place.Bookings:•Bookings for the above trips can be traded by telephone (893-4847) or on the Internet at www. Blue mountain tour. com.Word Bankflashlight n. 电筒1. On which trip might you see animals during the night?A. Black Bear Count.B. Garland Valley.C. Flashlight Adventure.D. None of the trips.2. Which of the following is NOT necessary for the three trips?A. Good walking shoes.B. A pair of glasses.C. Food and water.D. A sleeping-bag.3. What is the best title for the passage?A. Adventure Travel in America.B. Hunting around the Great Mountains.C. Interesting Trips in the East of the USA.D. Discovery Trips in the Blue Mountains.CDD（D）Classic tour-excursion informationLuggageWe ask you to keep luggage down to one medium-size suitcase per person, but a small handbag can also be taken on board the coach.SeatsRequests for particular seats can be made on most coach tours when booking, but since the seat allocations are made on a first-come-first-served basis, early booking is advisable. When bookings are made with us you will be offered the best seats that are available on the coach at that time.Travel DocumentsWhen you have paid your deposit we will send you all the necessary documents and labels,so that you receive them in good time before the coach tour departure date. Certain documents, for example, air or boat tickets, may have to be kept and your driver will issue them to you at the relevant point.Special DietIf you require a special diet you must inform us at the time of booking with a copy of the diet. This will be notified to the hotel or hotels on you coach tour, but on certain coach tours the hotels used are tourist class and while offering value for money within the price range, they may not have the full facilities to cope with special diets. Any extra costs involved must be paid to the hotel by yourself before departure from the hotel.AccommodationMany of our coach tours now include, within the price, accommodation with private facilities, and this will be indicated on the coach tour page. Other coach tours have a limited number of rooms with private facilities which, if available, can be reserved and guaranteed at the time of booking—the supplementary charge shown in the price list will be added to your account.On any coach tour there are only a limited number of single rooms. When a single room is available, a supplementary charge may be needed and this will be shown on the brochure page.Word Bankallocation n. 分配notify v. 通知deposit n. 定金brochure n. 小册子4. If you want to sit at the front of the coach, please .A.ask when you get on the coachB.arrive early on the departure dateC.book your seat well in advanceD.avoid traveling at peak times5. If you need a special diet you should.A.tell the coach company while bookingB.pay extra money while booingrm the hotel when you arriveD.pay for it at the end of the tour6. With every booking Classic Tour guarantees that you will be able to.A.request high quality mealsB.take a piece of small luggage on boarde your own personal bathroomD.see a film if you want toCAB（E）JOIN US FOR A RELAXING HOLIDAY AT PULAU COMBAKAND WIN $50,000!Be the first to visit Pulau Gombak, Singapore's newest tourist attraction located just 300 km west of Sentosa!Pulau Gombak offers you pristine coral beaches; rolling hills covered with exotic vegetation and animal life; dense forests previously uninhabited by man; and refreshing rivers of clear, bluewater. There is something for everyone on the island!Things to Do on the Island•Scuba-diving to explore the beautiful coral beneath the clear offshore waters.•Sun-bathing and swimming in the naturally occurring Lagoons.•A slow, guided nature walk through the dense forest to come face to face with the exotic flora and fauna exclusive to Pulau Gombak.•Indulge in gourmet dishes at the Gombak Inn where all the dishes are prepared by chefs from Italy, France and Turkey.•For the young at heart, there is the Gombak Fire discotheque where you can dance to your heart's content for free!So Come to Join Us NowGo to your nearest Singa Tour Agency and sign up for one of the following tour packages:Individual Package: $ 600 (3 days and 2 nights, inclusive of ferry trip to the island, I buffet dinner meal at the Gombak Inn and a one-time rental of scuba-diving equipment)Family Package (for 4 or less members): $ 1,000 (4 days and 3 nights, inclusive of ferry trip to the island, 1 breakfast meal at the Gombak Inn and 1 half-hour guided nature walk in the forest)For a short promotional period only, we are giving the 5,000th person who signs up with us before 13th November $ 50,000 in cash! So hurry!W ord Bankpristine adj. 原始状态gourmet adj. 美食家的coral n. 珊瑚lagoon n. 泄湖scuba-diving 水下潜水7. People can enjoy the holiday by doing various things on the island except.A.swimming in the naturally occurring lagoonsB.walking through the dense forestC.exploring the coral beneath the clear watersD.cooking fresh seafood on the beach8. How much does the Individual Package cost?A. $600.B. $500.C. $250.D. $1,000.9. How can one win the $ 50,000 cash prize?A.Sign up with Singa Tour Agency immediately.B.One must sign either for the Individual Package or the Family Package.C.If one is the 5,000th person to sign up with Singa Tour Agency before 13th November.D.If one wants to spend a relaxing holiday at Pulau Gombak.DAC。

牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(二)science and technology(有答案)

话题阅读（二）science and technology(A)What is an insect? Insects of all kinds have existed on earth for millions of years. Sometimes we think of all insects as pests. Human life, however, would have a difficult time continuing without insects, because they pollinate plants and are a food source for many animals. Besides, insects, especially the social ones, are fascinating.One very interesting and useful social insect is the honey bee. Bees are considered social insects because they live and work together. They cooperate and communicate in order to survive. The bee lives in a beehive with other worker bees, and with the queen, who can lay thousands of eggs a day. The worker bees make wax used to create new cells inside the hive. Humans use this valuable beeswax in candles, cosmetics, expensive furniture polish, and other products. They also produce honey, a valuable food for humans (as well as for bees).Another fascinating social insect is the ant. Many types of ants live in colonies underground. There thousands of them build and maintain their "city". They keep it clean and free of enemies. They also cooperate to provide food, sometimes in a manner that looks human. For example, some ants actually raise their own food. One type of ant "farmer" keeps and cares for tiny insects that suck sweet sap from plants. Ant farmers milk them for the sap, just like actual farmers milk cows. The sap is then given as food to young ants and to the queen, whose main duty is to lay eggs. Another type of ant that produces its own food does so by gardening. These farmer ants take pieces of leaves into the colony and chew them up. The soft, chewed up leaves then sprout a fungus that the worker ants use to feed the queen and young ants. There are many other ways that ants cooperate to maintain and protect their colonies.There are also many other kinds of social insects. What makes them all so fascinating is their organization. Although each insect has certain tasks to perform, the entire hive or colony appears to function as one living organism.Word Bankbeehive n. 蜂窝sap n. 汁液sprout v. 涌出beewax n. 蜂蜡13. What does the word "pollinate" probably mean?A. Fertilize.B. Provide.C. Cultivate.D. Harvest.14. What is the reason humans think that beeswax is valuable?A.It can only be found inside of a beehive.B.It provides good food for humans.C.It is used in many helpful products.D.It is a food source for manyanimals.15. The passage is mainly about _________________ .A.different types of insectsB.the differences between bees and antsC.social insects and their featuresD.the differences between insects and pests16. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about bees and ants according to the passage?A.They both are social insects who live and work together.B.They both have their own queens whose main duty is to lay eggs.C.They need to communicate and cooperate so as to survive.D.They are fascinating insects who can raise and produce food.ACCD(B)It seems to be programmed into all of us the desire to be greater, to go further, to break down the boundaries. When we look to the stars, some of us wonder, "How far can we go?" Some scientists say not only will we go far, but we'll go soon.Seem believable? You know, it's not unreasonable to think that you might spend a couple of weeks vacationing in space or, who knows, maybe move on to another planet. I mean, who thought that Nell Armstrong was gonna walk on the moon, right? When he took those first steps, they seemed like real small steps, and if we start moving into another planets on our solar system, there are gonna be in small steps, too, but then, when we look back at the big picture, it's gonna seem like a giant leap.In our ever-shrinking world, it seems there are no more hills to climb, no new oceans to cross. Modern adventures are looking more and more to the heavens as the next explorablefrontier (疆界-).That adventure includes some fantastic ideas. Space hotel projects are in development across the country. Space Island Group of California plans to use empty fuel tanks and a space shuttle (区间内往返的车辆) to build a giant space hotel that will orbit the moon. The hotel could house up to 300 space guests, with a view that would be out of this world.The desire to vacation or adventure in space seems to be realistically within our reach. Is the space of our tomorrow filled with private rockets and space hotels?BEAFD(C)Nicotine(尼古丁) reaches the brain ten seconds after being breathed in. After repeated use, the brain and body become physically dependent on the drug.Smokers develop wrinkles at a younger age. Their teeth and fingers also become stained.Smokers are more likely to get cancer of the mouth than nonsmokers. Tobacco juice damages gums and teeth. Pipe smokers are more likely to get lip cancer. Tobacco smoke irritates the throat and can cause throat cancer. Smoking can make the voice thick and gravelly. It can ruin a singer's voice.Smokers are four times more likely than non-smokers to develop heart disease. Smokingputs stress on the heart and leads to high blood pressure. Smoking damages the air spaces in the lungs, causing "smoker's cough" , a disease that makes breathing difficult. Of those who die from this disease, 85% are smokers. Nicotine increases the production of stomach acid (酸) Smoking is also believed to double the risk of cancer of the digestive system.1. What is the effect of the repeated use of nicotine on the brain?2.If 20 non-smokers suffer from heart disease, it is likely smokers have thesame disease.3.According to the passage, it can be estimated that the number of smokers under the attack ofstomach cancer is likely to that of the nonsmokers.4.What percentage of the patients who die from "smoker's cough" are non-smokers?1.It becomes physically dependant on the poisonous chemical.2.803.be twice as many as \ double4.15%(D)Special trees that grow faster, fight pollution, produce better wood, and even sense chemical attacks are being planted by scientists in the US.When 40 percent of Hawaii's US $ 14 million-a-year papaya industry was destroyed by a virus five years ago, work began on creating genetically engineered trees.Researchers successfully introduced seed that were designed to resist the virus. Since then, more and more people have been testing genetically engineered trees.Some researchers put special bacteria into trees to help them grow faster and produce better wood. Others are trying to create trees that can clean polluted soil.Meanwhile fruit farmers are looking for trees that are strong enough to resist worms, and paper companies want trees that produce more wood and therefore more paper.The Pentagon even gave the researchers US $ 500,000 this year after they developed a pine tree that changes its colours if it senses a chemical attack.So far, the poplar, eucalyptus , apple and coffee trees are among those being engineered. All this can be done today because we have a better understanding of tree genomes.However, some people fear that the genetically engineered trees will cause dangerous results. They are worried that the new trees will breed with natural species and change the balance of the forest environment."It could be destructive," said Jim Diamond, an environmentalist. "Trees are what is left of our natural environment and home to many endangered species."But researchers insist that science could give nature a fighting change against both natural and man-made dangers.They hope to answer the critics by stopping the new trees from breeding, so their effecton the environment can be controlled. W ord Bankpapaya n. 木瓜poplar 杨树eucalyptus 桉树Pentagon n. 五角大楼1. Which kind of tree is not the ones that scientists are planting in the US?A.Trees that worms can't hurt.B.Trees that can protect themselves at a chemical attack.C.Trees that can resist wind better.D.Genetically engineered trees.2. What caused the American scientists to work on special trees?A.They think science could give nature a fighting chance against both natural andman-made dangers.B.Great numbers of trees have been lost due to attacks by viruses.C.Researchers successfully introduced seeds designed to resist the virus.D.Tree genomes are mapped out so scientists know how to improve trees.3. Which of the following was probably the first kind of trees being engineered?A. Papaya.B. Pine.C. Apple.D. Poplar.4. Why did critics think engineered trees dangerous?A.Because these trees can destroy the balance of nature.B.Because everything except trees has been genetically engineered.C.Because trees are home to many endangered species.D.Because these trees may affect normal trees.CBAD(E)Most episodes of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a simple lack of attention. Schacter says, "You're supposed to remember something, but you haven't encoded it deeply. "Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don't pay attention to what you did because you're involved in a conversation, you Ml probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe. "Your memory itself isn't failing you," says Schacter. "Rather, you didn't give your memory system the information it needed."Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. "A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago," says Zelinski, "may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox." Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory depends on just that.clear and available," he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch, put thepill bottle on the kitchen table—don't leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.Another common episode of absent-mindedness:walking into a room and wondering why you're there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. "Everyone does this from time to time," says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you'll likely remember.Word Bankepisodes. 事件，插曲encode v. 把......译成电码（密码）5. We can learn from the passage that encoding _________________ .A.slows down the process of losing our memoriesB.helps us understand our memory system betterC.gets us to recall something from our memoriesD.helps us to find out the mobile phone in thepocket6. Why do women have better memories than men?A.Because they seldom use their mobile phones.B.Because they are more nervous about the environment.C.Because they are more interested in what's happening around them.D.Because they usually take some special medicine to improve memories.7. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 means that____________________ .A. a note in the pocket will easily get lostB.putting something in sight can be a good reminderC.taking medicine can get rid of absent-mindednessD.people of absent-mindedness must take medicine withthem8. What is the passage mainly about?A.The causes of absent-mindedness.B.The environment and memory.C. A way of encoding and recalling.D.The process of gradual memory loss. CCBA。

牛津上海版高二上学期英语Unit1-Unit6共6个单元练习题(含答案)

牛津上海版高二上学期英语U nit1-Unit6共6个单元练习题Unit 1 Sporting eventsI. 单词拼写1. H___________ the Olympic Games is a great honour to us Chinese people.2. An a_____________ is a person who does a sport.3. Bank of China has b____________ all over the country.4. I’m d_____________ at your success in the final exam.5. What’s the s______________ of the symbol “♀”?6. The burning coals started to f___________ yellow and orange.7. Some p_____________ gathered around the victim to try to help him while others directed thetraffic.8. We drove two hours to attend the opening c___________ of the film festival.9. We shouldn’t look down on those who do p_____________ labour.10. We should take measures to meet the increasing r___________ of the people.11. He is always watching CCTV news broadcast on c_____________ affairs.12. Nowadays, many places have been developed into tourist a____________.13. This story just happened on the p______________ evening .14. Mr Johnson, a member of the I________________ Olympic Committee will visit a highschool in Beijing.15. What’s your f________________ sport of the five?16. There are 12 _______________ (选手) in the two-hundred-metre dash.17. The main _______________ (体育馆) for 2008 Olympic Games will be completed by 2006.18. He was given a _________________（奖章）for his bravery in the accident.19. E____________ a new sport into the Olympics can be a long process.20. U_________ women were allowed to compete in honour of the wife of Zeus.II. 单项选择1. __________ think of their plan, they will carry it out. Your opinions will not affect theirdecision.A. No matter how you mayB. How you mayC. What you mayD. Whatever you may2. A __________ candle _________ the faces of everybody in the room. They all looked tired.A. lit , lit upB. lit up , litC. lighted, lit upD. lighted, lit3. She published her novels _________ a man’s name, which she thought was easier to gainpopularity.A. inB. byC. underD. at4. It was in the hotel _________ Mr smith stayed ________ we found him.A. that, thatB. where , thatC. where , whereD. that, where5. The tourists ___________ the map on the floor to see where they were going.A. hung B hanged C. spread D. roll6. By this time tomorrow we _________ this machine.A. have repairedB. shall have repairedC. will repairD. are going to repair7. _________ do you think fits him, the position of the sales manager or the general executivehere?A. WhomB. WhoC. WhatD. Which8. We’ve decided to hold a football match next week. Will you ________?A. take part inB. attend usC. joinD. play a part9. She never goes home until all her newspapers ________ out.A. sellB. will be soldC. will sellD. are sold10. To ________ the patient’s quick recovery, the doctor gave him the most effective medicine.A. make sureB. be sure thatC. insureD. ensure11. ________ fresh air, people may start to feel sick. So make sure you open the windows whileworking.A. For the absence ofB. In the absence ofC. In the honour ofD. In the short of12. He needs one more stamp before his collection __________.A. has completedB. will completeC. has been completedD. is completed13. It’s well known to us all ______ Beijing will _____ the 2008 Olympic Games.A. that , holdB. whether , hostC. when, holdD. that , host14. The students handed in their test papers to the teacher _______ .A. one after the othersB. one by oneC. one after oneD. one after the other15. The building is ________.A. twenty-metre-highB. twenty –metre highC. twenty metre highD. twenty metres high16. ----- Has John arrived yet? ----- No, she _______ an hour ago.A. was supposed to comeB. must have comeC. should comeD. ought to have come17. In those days, whenever I had difficulties, I _______Mr Shen for help.A. used to go toB. was used to go toC. would go toD. used to going to18. If the work _______ by the end of the month is delayed, the construction company will befined.A. being completedB. have been completedC. to be completedD. will be completed19. What surprised me most was not what he said but _____ he said it.A. the wayB. in the way thatC. in the wayD. the way which20. ---- Mary has broken the secret, you know?---- No. ________, she wouldn’t have kept silent at the meeting.A. As a resultB. In that caseC. First of allD. In fact21. The weather report says it will ________ cold tomorrow.A. turn upB. turn outC. turn onD. turn in22. _______ will the life in the future ______?A. How , likeB. What , be likeC. What, is likeD. How , be like23. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays , _______ advantage of thehealth and relaxation benefits.A. takingB. takenC. having takenD. having been taken24. Electricity _________ us with light, heat and power.A. makesB. givesC. providesD. send25. This book is said to be a special one , which _______ many events not found in other historybooks.A. writesB. coversC. printsD. readsIII.Translation1尽管山势陡峭，他设法到达山顶。

牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(二)society and life(有答案)

话题阅读（二）Society and Life（A）As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress and such characters are prime materials for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "flee or fight" and in more primitive days the choices made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart diseases have established links with stress. Since we can't remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it.Word Bankprime adj. 基本crises n. 危机（复数）primitive adj. 原始的A. they do not know how to enjoy themselvesB. they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthC. they are traveling fast all the timeD. they are becoming busier with their workA. not fearing stressB. knowing the art of relaxationC. high sense of responsibilityD. having control over performance15. Which of the following statement is true?A. We can find some ways to avoid stress.B. Stress is always harmful to people.C. It is easy to change the habit of keeping oneself busy with work.D. Different people can withstand different amount of stress.16. In Paragraph 3,"such a reaction" refers back to .A. making a choice between flee and fightB. reaction to stress both chemically and physicallyC. responding to crises quicklyD. losing heart at the signs of difficulties13-16. DADB（B）Having a husband means an extra seven hours of housework each week for women, according to a new study. For men, getting married saves an hour of housework a week. "It's a well-known pattern," said lead researcher Frank Stafford at University of Michigan's Institute forSocial Research. "Men usually work more outside the home, while women take on more of the housework "2.He points out that differences among households exist. But in general, marriage means more housework for women and less for men. "And the situation gets worse for women when they have children," Stafford said.3.Overall, times are changing in the American home. In 1976, women busied themselves with 26 weekly hours of sweeping-and-dusting work, compared with 17 hours in 2005. Men are taking on more house work, more than doubling their housework hours from six in 1976 to 13 in 2005. Single women in their 20s and 30s did the least housework, about 12 weekly hours, while married women in their 60s and 70s did the most—about 21 hours a week.4.Men showed a somewhat different pattern, with older men picking up the broom more often than younger men. Single men worked the hardest around the house, more than that of all other age groups of married men.5.Having children increases housework even further. With more than three children, for example, wives took on more of the extra work, clocking about 28 hours a week compared with husbands' 10 hours.W or d Ban kbroom n. 扫帚clock v. 计时1-5. BFDEA（C）When a family climbs into a vehicle to go on a trip or even a short ride, it's important that every one is as safe as possible. We know that terrible accidents can occur. That's why devices like seat belts and air bags have been invented and put into cars, vans, and trucks.Unfortunately, devices that are meant to save lives can be a threat to life. The air bag is such a device. Air bags were designed to inflate rapidly in an accident. They were designed to stop an average adult male who didn't bother to fasten his seat belt from smashing(猛撞）into or through the front of a car. Therefore, they inflate at approximately 200 miles per hour. An airbag is not a soft cushion. It delivers a blow that can seriously injure or kill a child or small adult. Air bags can be beneficial, but you must know and account for the dangers.Children should not sit in the front passenger seat of a vehicle that has a passenger side air bag. It's especially dangerous to put an infant who must use a rear facing car seat in the front of such a vehicle.Children are always safer in the back seat. The center rear seat is best. And of course, all passengers should use their seat belts. Take your example from race car drivers. They know how to increase their chances of surviving a crash.The day will come when vehicles are equipped with " smart" air bags that automatically adjust their force to the size and weight of a passenger. But for now, each of us has to be smart about these imperfect "life savers".1. What are the air bags designed for?A. To provide air for the passengers.B.To protect the life of the passengers.C.To do harm to the passengers.D.To entertain the passengers.2. Does an adult male driver have to fasten his seat belt with an air bag?A.He has to do so.B.He does not have to do so.C.The passage does not mention it.D.The passage objects to it.3. ____________ is more beneficial for race car drivers.A. Air bagsB. Seat beltsC. NeitherD. Both4. According to the passage, the future of air bags will be________________ .A. more automatic.B. out of date.C. totally abolished.D. improved.Keys: BABD（D）Lack of parent willpower may contribute more to juvenile obesity than under-exercising or overeating.Research suggests that having over-weight parents is a big influence upon a child's weight, with one study finding that children with overweight parents were four times more likely to be overweight themselves.The findings add heat to an already fierce political debate (争论) over childhood obesity. The Prime Minister, John Howard, last week decided that $116 million be used for programs to deal with obesity, while the Opposition Leader, Mark Latham, recently announced that his party would move to protect children from unhealthy food advertisements.Clare Collins, a senior lecturer at the University of Newcastle, believes such programs will definitely fail unless they influence the way of life of whole families. "If we can't get parents to take action against their own weight problems, then we can't expect to influence their kids," she said.However, Professor Louise Baur from the Children's Hospital at Westmead, doubts whether adult education programs offer any solution to weight problems. " Many parents know they need to lose weight and they know it influences their kids, but they lack the willpower to do anything about it. "The 10-year study of 150 American children found two-thirds of children with overweight parents became overweight. Only one in six children whose parents were of average weight became overweight.The president of the Australian Society for the Study of Obesity, Associate Professor Gary Wittert, said parents needed help in doing their job and the Opposition Party's policy (政策) might be on the right track."We know that driving without a seat belt is unsafe, so we make law against it," hesaid. "Obesity is a major public health concern, so why shouldn't we change the law regarding unhealthy food ads?"1 . What does the underlined phrase "juvenile obesity" mean?A. Adult education.B. Childhood overweight.C. Parents' influence.D. Growing pains.2. What is TRUE about the programs supported by the Prime Minister?A.Debates on them will become less fierce.B.They will be effective in dealing with obesity.C. A large sum of money will be spent on them.D.They will influence people's way of life.3. Both Collins and Baur believe that over-weight parents_________________________ .A.will come up with better solutionsB.will help with their children's educationC.should be more active in reducing weightD.should carry out at least 10 years' study4. According to some experts, the Opposition Party's policy __________________________ .A.can help fight against unemploymentB.may protect kids from unhealthy food adsC.should be brought back to the right trackD.will work well to prevent traffic accidentsKeys: 1. BCCB。

牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(一)society and life(有答案)

话题阅读（一）Society and Life（A）Christine Yu is single and successful. A senior auditor with a large company, Yu __1her free time practicing English at a language club and dancing. She does not spend her free time trying to find the 2 man.At 29, Yu is part of a new generation of young urban Chinese women, who say they have more choices than their mothers did when it 3 to education, careers and, especially, marriage.For centuries, Chinese women were expected to 4 themselves to their families and husbands, but that attitude is 5 fast. In a 2004 survey by the Asian Women' s Forum and the Women' s Studies Center at Peking University, saying that 45.3% of women did not think they should have to give up a career for a family life.China now boasts a generation of educated career women. Nearly three-quarters of Chinesewomen want to be financially 6 , a survey found last year.1-5. IJFEH 6-9. ABGC（B）Until recently, most population growth has occurred in relatively crowded cities. In other words, _1 we found rapid population growth, that would not mean that the 2 were filled with people.Historically, we find that people have moved to 3 the jobs were. Jobs were usually in ports or places with many natural resources. After transportation became relatively 4 , other places became 5 of economic activity. One factor that determines where people will move to, even when transportation becomes cheap, is 6 . And peopleworking in cities 7 higher incomes than those working in the countryside. So population has begun until the 1970s to _8in our major urban centers. If people did not9 from living in large cities, there would likely be a much more population distribution throughout our entire land area. Probably, if this were the K), there would be 11 concern over population explosion. Indeed, one need only to arrange a cross-country drive or plane trip to 12 how sparsely(稀疏的) populated the United States really are. This is 13 that we should or should not do something about population growth. The shortage of 14 in certain areas shows that overpopulation in the United States is really only a problem in overcrowded 15 .And this problem may be slowly corrected by itself.1. A.even B.before C.even if D.after2. A.towns B.countryside C.cities D.farms3. A.where B.there C.what D.how4. A.dear B.cheap C.difficult D.tired5. A.channels B.routes C.sources D.centers6. A.profit B.time C.income D.housing7. A.earn B.gain C.win D.obtain8. A.move B.increase C.find D.drop9. A.go away B.get C.develop D.benefit10. A.thing B.case C.time D. place11. A.no B.again C.less D.more12. A.remember B.think C.work D.realize13. A.to say B.not to say C.what D.something14. A.people B.material C.money D.time15. A.states B.countryside C.cities D.continents1-5. CBABD 6-10. CABDB 11-15. CDBAC（C）City traffic is a great problem. More cars are produced every year and the streets are gettingmore and more crowded. So during "rush hour", when people are going to or from their work, traffic is brought to a standstill. It has been suggested that commuters should share their cars and give each other lifts. So each car would carry four or five people instead of only one. It is an excellent idea, however, so far nobody has been able to think of a way to compel people to do so.To discourage motorists from leaving their cars in the streets all day, parking meters are used. When you park at a meter, you must put a coin in the slot. This pays for a certain amount of time. The meter records this and it shows when the time that you have paid for is finished. If the car is still there then, you have to pay a fine.Traffic wardens look after the meters. They walk around the streets and check that every meter shows that money has been paid for the car parked there. If a meter registers "Time expired", the motorist who has left his car there is fined. Of course, the traffic warden cannot wait for the owner of the car to return. He carries a block of printed forms, and on one of these he writes down all the details, such as the registration number of the car, where it is parked, how much the driver must pay and where he must send the money. He leaves this form on the car where the driver will be able to see it easily; he usually pushes it under one of the windscreen wipers so that it will not blow away. And in case it rains before the motorist returns the form is put in a little plastic envelope to protect it. When the driver comes back, he gets an unpleasant surprise, but it is his own fault for leaving his car too long at a parking meter.Word Bankcompel v 强迫expire v 时间已到registration number n. 注册车牌parking meter 计量器warden n. 监管人1. The underlined word "standstill" means_____________________ .A. rushB. stopC. adventureD. struggle2. Which detail is not written on the printed form?A. Registration number of the car.B. The place where the car is parked.C. The name of the car owner.D. The place to pay the fine.3. Which is not true about the parking meters?A. People can put coins into it.B. It keeps a record of the time when drivers park their car.C. It shows people when they have to drive away the cars.D. It warns the drivers ten minutes before the time limit.4. What's the advantage of using parking meters in the streets?A. It makes it possible that everyone has a place to park his car.B. It discourages motorists from parking cars for too long a time.C. It saves labor because traffic wardens are no longer needed.D. It keeps a record of time and drivers can put the parking fine into it.1-4. BCDB（D）A picture, a calendar or even a balloon may be the best way for million of people living in China's vast country areas to learn about AIDS, one of the biggest threats to public health in the world today.China has decided to use user-friendly methods including exhibitions, VCDS and TV programmes to spread knowledge of the disease across the nation to try to keep it in check. Educating people nationwide about AIDS is the top priority to prevent the disease from getting out of hand. The farmers will be given knowledge in the easiest way that they can understand.A recent survey from the commission of more than 7,000 people in China showed that nearly20 percent of them had never heard of AIDS before. Just over 71 percent said they knew AIDS was highly infectious , but most of them had no clear idea of how the disease could be spread. Just over 62 percent said they knew they could do things in advance to prevent them catching AIDS but they didn't know what these measures were.The month-long survey, carried out last December, talked to people in seven counties and cities across China including both developed coastal areas and the less-developed inland areas. The interviewees changed from 15 to 49 years old, and country residents were about 63% of the total surveyed.Chinese residents, especially those in the country, have very little knowledge about that AIDS is all about, not to mention prevention and treatment. By the end of last year, there were 22, 517known HIV/AIDS cases in China. However, more than 6,000,000 people in China have been infected.Since 1985, China has discovered 880 patients with AIDS—466 of them have died. Sharing needles, complicated sex relations and contaminated blood transfusions are major ways for HIV to spread. A lack of education has been the biggest difficulty against nationwide efforts to prevent AIDS, especially in the countryside.Word Bankpriority n. 优优优infectious adj. 优优优commission n. 优优优contaminated adj. 优优优5. The author 's purpose in writing the passage is to.A. show his concern about the health of peopleB. make people know about AIDSC. call on people to fight against AIDSD. tell us people are short of the knowledge of AIDS6. The greatest difficulty against the nationwide effort to prevent AIDS lies inA. misunderstanding of peopleB. the shortage of moneyC. its infectionD. lack of education7. "Since 1985, China has discovered 880 patients with AIDS—466 of them had died. " Do you know why?A. Because their families refused to cure them.B. Because they had been in low spirits for a long time.C. Because there weren't enough effective measures to treat AIDS.D. Because they couldn't lead a normal life like other healthy people.8. It is judged that there are people hit by AIDS in China at present.A. 22,527B. over 6,000,000C. 880D. over 7,0005-8. CDVB（E）The flat, at the top of a huge tower block in a northern suburb of London, was empty. It had been vacant for a long time, a year or eighteen months perhaps. The landlord was living abroad, it seemed. The staircase creaked, the dust flew up in clouds from the worn carpet and rainwater dripped from a hole in the ceiling on to the floorboards below. Both windows on the landing were cracked and curtainless. The light worked but there was no shade and electric wire black with spider webs.Very carefully they inspected the rooms. All were empty. There were two ancient leather armchairs in one, together with an old oak table, covered with dust, and an enormous double-bed in the front room—too large, probably to go through the door. All over the floor lay pieces of newspaper, broken canvases, coat hangers and other grubby oddments."What do you think?" asked the man. He was about twenty years old, unshaven, wearing a thick sweater, jeans and muddy boots."It's better than nothing," answered the girl. She was carrying a small child wrapped in a blanket. She herself wore a loose coat and a long skirt that touched the floor."We can clean it up," the man said. "That hole in the ceiling will need repairing but that's about all. A coat of paint and a few rolls of wallpaper will cover up the cracks. "They had taken over the flat because they needed a home and could not, at that time, afford to buy one. Being on the city's housing waiting list hadn't helped much either. Now they would live in this flat until they found something else—somewhere to bring up a family in.Word Bankcreak v. 吱吱嘎嘎作响9. According to the passage, the underlined part "grubby oddments" (Para. 2) most probably means " ".A. dirty bits and piecesB. current issues of magazinesC. fashionable carpetsD. fresh milk10. The appearance of the man could best be described as.A. charmingB. seriousC. casualD. handsome11. When he says "but that's about all" (Para. 5), the man means "".A. but there is little else that needs repairingB. but that is just a beginningC. but there are repair jobs to be done everywhereD. but there are holes all over the ceiling12. What could be said about their previous efforts to obtain accommodation?A. They had just waited for something to happen without doing anything to help themselves.B. They had already put their names on a local authority housing list.C. They had not attempted to save money in order to buy a home of their own.D. They liked moving house frequently and did not want to settle down.9-12. ACAB。

牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(二)work and career(有答案)

话题阅读（二）Work and Career(A)One of the most common questions I get asked is whether, when, and how to follow up after a job interview. Following up in some way is important. Yes, you can get a job without it, but if you're in competition with other top candidates, following up to repeat your interest when the other candidate doesn't can sometimes help you. Here's how to follow up well.Send a thank-you note immediately. E-mail is fine for this and has the advantage of arriving faster, but handwritten notes are still appreciated. And if there are multiple interviews, send a thank-you note each time.Find out their timeline. Hopefully, you asked about their timeline in the interview itself, but if you didn't, follow up within a week to reinforce your interest and politely ask what they expect their timeline for a decision to be.Be enthusiastic—but not desperate.Most commonly, job seekers are too worried about looking desperate. It doesn't look desperate to express your interest in the job or check in to ask about the timeline. However, enthusiasm does cross the line if you are calling more than once a week, calling earlier than the date they said they'd get back to you, sounding like you're eager to take any job, or appearing as if this is the only choice you have.Don't be afraid if you don't hear from them immediately. The hiring process often takes longer than a candidate would like, for all sorts of reasons — the decision makers are out of town or scheduling conflicts have delayed a final interview, and so forth. It really makes you feel nervous, but don't read too much into it.When you don't hear back after they said you would. If you're past the time they indicated you would hear something, this isn't necessarily cause for alarm. Hiring often ends up taking longer than expected. Just politely follow up, explain you're very interested but understand that hiring can take time, and ask if they have an updated timeline.13. In the passage, the author intends to tell us .A. how to follow up after an interviewB. how to send a thank-you noteC. how to take part in an interviewD. how to prepare for an interview14. According to the passage, you'd better to express your thanks after an interview.A. write a letterB. send an e-mailC. visit the companyD. buy some gifts15. From the fourth paragraph, we know that you should after a job interview.A. call more than once a week for the timelineB. call much earlier than the expected dateC. show your eagerness to take any jobD. show your interest or ask about information properly16.In which part of a newspaper does this article probably appear?A. Science.B. Education.C. Career.D. Health.13-16 ABDC（B）Aware of the worst job market in more than 25 years, many students enrolling in colleges and universities this fall are considering majors that they believe will land them stable career.Students with degrees in nursing, health care, accounting, computer, general science and engineering report the most success in finding jobs. Those with degrees in finance, journalism, graphic design, and international relations have had tougher times, liberal arts graduates also struggle.Still career experts say students should major in whatever area most interests them, even if it's a less specialized liberal arts field, such as Chinese and or sociology. In a national survey, communication, followed closely by a strong work ethic and team work skills, was rated at the most important qualities sought by employers. "Liberal arts teaches us how to learn. When we go out into the world of work, we are going to have to continue to learn," said Dan Naegeli, director of the university of North Texas career center.Texas Health Resources uses a wide range of workers at its 14 hospitals and other sites. The 18,000 employees company hires about 2000 people a year. It looks for candidates with "promise behaviors", human resource director Justin Clem said."The resume is great... Education is wonderful," Clem said. "But when we interview, we really want to look at situations they were put into the past, what actions they took, and what were the results. "Do these results really support treating other people with courtesy dignity and respect? And communicating clearly and earning people' s trust? And thinking before they act?"The company also looks for people who have record of providing service, said Janaelle Nowne, vice president of human resource. If a student mowed lawns or worked at a fast-food restaurant, she said, "the things that we would want to hear is how you attended to providing service to people that you were working with and how you were attending to the quality of the products that you have. ""Experience is always helpful, but it is not always the guarantee that person is going to get the job," she added. "We look at the behaviors and the attitude they bring in and their willingness to be a part of the team. "Lockheed Martin has all sorts of jobs in all sorts of fields. One of the skills recruiters consider is the ability to work in teams."Most of what we do is problem solving, and you get people with different kinds of skillstogether to solve the problem," said Norman Robbins, senior manager community relations. "If you are real bright but you can't get along with anybody, you' re not going to be as successful as you will be if you can work in teams."ECABF（C）Some children are natural-born bosses. They have a strong need to make decisions, manage their environment, and lead rather than follow. Stephen Jackson, a Year One student, "operates under the theory of what's mine is mine and what's yours is mine," says his mother. "The other day I bought two new Star Wars light sabers(剑). Later, I saw Stephen with the two new ones while his brother was using the beat-up ones. ""Examine the extended family, and you'll probably find a bossy grandparent, aunt, uncle or cousin in every generation. It's an inheritable trait," says Russell Barkley, a professor at the Medical University of South Carolina. Other children who may not be particularly bossy can gradually gain dominance (支配地位) when they sense their parents are weak, hesitant, or in disagreement with each other.Whether it's inborn nature or developed character at work, too much control in the hands of the young isn't healthy for children or the family. Fear is at the root of a lot of bossy behavior, says family psychologist John Taylor. Children, he says in his book From Defiance to Cooperation," have secret feelings of weakness" and "a desire to feel safe". It's the parents' role to provide that protection.When a "bossy child" doesn't learn limits at home, the stage is set for a host of troubles outside the family. The overly willful and unbending child may have trouble obeying teachers or coaches, for example, or trouble keeping friends. It can be pretty lonely as the top dog if no one likes your bossy ways." I see more and more parents giving up their power," says Barkley, who has studied bossy behavior for more than 30 years. "They bend too far because they don't want to be as strict as their own parents were. But they also feel less confident about their parenting skills. Their kids, in turn, feel more anxious. "16. Bossy children like Stephen Jackson _________________ .A. make good decisionsB. showself-centerednessC. lack care from othersD. have little senseof fear17. The study on bossy behavior implies that parents ________________ .A.should give more power to their childrenB.should be strict with their childrenC.should not be so anxious about their childrenD.should not set limits for their children18. Bossy children may probably become________________ .A. relaxedB. skillfulC. hesitantD.lonely19. What is the passage mainly about?A.How bossy behavior can be controlled.B.How we can get along with bossy children.C.What leads to children's bossy behavior.D.What effect bossy behavior brings about.Keys: BBDC（D）1.Before you argue with your boss, check with the boss's secretary to determine his mood. If he ate nails for breakfast, it is not a good idea to ask him for something. Even without the boss's secretary, there are keys to timing. : don't approach the boss when he's on deadline; don't go in right before lunch, when he is apt to be distracted and rushed; don't go in just before or after he has taken a vacation.2.If you're mad, that will only make your boss mad. Calm down first. And don't let a particular concern open the floodgates for all your accumulated frustration. The boss will feel that you think negatively about the company and it is hopeless trying to change your mind. Then, maybe he will dismiss you.3.Terrible disputes can result when neither the employer nor the employee knows what is the problem the other wants to discuss. Sometimes the fight will go away when the issues are made clear. The employee has to get his point across clearly in order to make the boss understand it.Your boss has enough on his mind without your adding more. If you can't put forward an immediate solution, at least suggest how to approach the problem. People who frequently present problems without solutions to their bosses may soon find they can' t get past the secretary.To deal effectively with a boss, it's important to consider his goals and pressures. If you can put yourself in the position of being a partner to the boss, then he will be naturally more inclined to work with you to achieve your goals.Keys: CDABE。

牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(一)finance and trade(有答案)

话题阅读（一）Finance and Trade（A）Nearly everyone agrees that money doesn't buy as much as it used to, no matter where you want to spend it. This is certainly 1 of the paper money that passes so quickly through one's hands. Inflation(通货膨胀) eats away at its buying 2 with the steady appetite of waves chewing at sand cliffs. But what about coins that seem to do very little except clutter up ( 塞满) purses and pockets? Unlike notes, metal money becomes more valuable the longer it is 3 , especially if it is 4 where it won't get scratched or worn. Why is this7 One reason is that coins, being more durable, fall more readily into a category (范畴) for collectors. Naturally, the rare gold pieces must become more valuable as the price of this metal goes up.But, 5 , one of the rarest coins in the world is not made of gold, but of the relatively cheaper silver. In 1804, the United States mint (造币厂) struck 19,570 silver dollars. That is what its records show. Today only six of this 6 number remain and these are unlikely ever to reach the auction (拍卖) market. So what happened to some 19,564 large silver coins, not the easiest sort of things to lose7 One of the more romantic theories is that they were part of the 7 to Napoleon for the American territory then known as Louisiana. But they never reached France. Somewhere in the Gulf of Mexico, the ship transporting them was sunk, either by a storm or by pirates. The 8 answer to the mystery is that they were melted down since the silver value was greater than the actual value of the coin. What really happened to the rest will probably always remain a mystery. What is known is that whoever can come up with one will find himself 9 rich.1-5. B H A G C 6-9. DFEI（B）Several European countries are encouraging the 1 of high-tech companies as a way to 2 jobs and reduce the extremely high unemployment 3 in European Union. But that might not be the answer. Sauli Niinisto, Deputy Prime Minister for Finland, says that not all Europeans are equipped for the 4 in the Information Technology sector." What seems to be the problem is that those 5 in Europe are not people who could open the door of an IT company. But it seems that those people are more, the 6 to get a job for them are more in low sectors, especially on the service side. "Mr. Niinisto says that perhaps Europeans should 7 how the high-tech industry is spurring （激励) 8 growth in the United States. " It seems that we have to look at a 9 in Europe and ask ourselves what is the differencebetween a European and American person because there are difference. And I believe that every 10 is going well or bad, depending on how its middle class is 11 .In Europe, we see the middle class not actually being quite 12 with its circumstances. But, they have 13 a lot and you don't find so much, let's say 'fighting spirits' than in the USA." 14 , Finland' s Deputy Prime Minister says that Europeans should encourage 15 entrepreneurial (企业家）efforts.1. A.expand B.developing C.growth D.progress2. A.invent B.produce C.manufacture D.create3. A.speed B.proportion C.rate D.percent4. A.career B.fate C.position D.condition5. A.employed B.unemployed C.unhired D.unrented6. A.possibilities B.challenges C.probabilities D.chains7. A.imitate B.invest C.investigate D.migrate8. A.economy B.economic C.economical D.economics9. A.mirror B.reflection C.minority D.majority10. A.society munity C.association D.province11. A.working B.inhabiting C.behaving D.admiring12. A.satisfied B.surprised C.thrilled D.suspected13. A.achieved B.retained C.maintained D.possessed14. A.In general B.In all C.In particular D.In brief15. A.individual B.particular C.special D.especial1-5. CDCAB 6-10. AABAA 11-15. CAACA（C）Brazil has become one of the developing world' s great successes in reducing population growth—but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rate, Brazil has had a better result without really trying, says George Martine at Harvard.Brazil's population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2. 7 children on average. Marine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes many other Third World countries jealous.Marine puts it down to, among other things, soap opera and installment plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world's biggest producers of soap operas. Globo, Brazil's most popular television network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soap operas are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities."Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction, they describe middle and upper class values—not many children, woman working," says Marine. "They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other values, which were put into a very attractive package."Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers. "This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and consumption was incompatible with unlimited reproduction," says Marine.Word Bankinstallment n. 分期付款incompatible adj. 不相容的reproduction n. 繁殖1. According to the passage, Brazil has cut back its population growth.A. by chanceB. by educating its citizensC. by careful family planningD. by developing TV programsA. compares it toB. owes it toC. sums it up asD. finds it a reason forA. they keep people sitting long hours watching TVB. they have gradually changed people's way of lifeC. people are drawn to their attractive packageD. they make birth control measures popular4. What is Marine's conclusion about Brazil's population growth?A. The increase in birth rate will promote consumption.B. The desire for consumption helps to reduce birth rate.C. A country's production is limited by its population growth.D. Consumption patterns are contrary to reproduction patterns.1-4. ABBB（D）Adam Smith, writing in the 1770s, was the first person to see the importance of the division of labor and to explain part of its advantage. He gives as an example the process by which pins were made in England."One man draws out the wire, another strengthens it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it, a fifth grinds it at the top to prepare it to receive the head. To make the head requires two or three distinct operations. To put it on is a separate operation, to polish the pins is another. And the important business of making pins is, in this manner, divided into about 18 distinct operations, which in some factories are all performed by different people, though in others the same man will sometimes perform two or three of them. "Ten men, smith said, in this way, turned out 12 pounds of pins a day or about 4,800 pins a piece. But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, they certainly could not each of them have made 20 pins in a day and perhaps not even one.There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this but he also took it for granted that division of labor is in itself responsible for economic growth and development and that it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still. But division of labor addsnothing new; it only enables people to produce more of what they a/ready have.Word Bankpin n. 别针take for granted 想当然A. enabled each worker to make pins more quickly and more cheaplyB. increased the possible output per workerC. increased the number of people employed in factoriesD. improved the quality of pins producedA. show the advantage of the division of laborB. show the advantage of the old craft systemC. emphasize how powerful the individual worker wasD. emphasize the importance of increased production7. According to the writer, Adam Smith's mistake was in believing that division of labor______________ .A. was an efficient way of organizing workB. was an important development in methods of productionC. inevitably led to economic developmentD. increased the production of existing goods8. Which of the following could serve as an appropriate title for the passage?A. Adam Smith, the English Economist.B. The Theory of Division of Labor.C. Division of Labor, an Efficient Way of Organizing Work.D. Adam Smith as the Discoverer of Division of Labor.5-8. BACC（E）An increase in students applying to study economics at university is being attributed to the global economic crisis awakening a public thirst for knowledge about how the financial system works.Applications for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January, according to the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS). A spokesman for the Royal Economic Society said applications to do economics at A-level were also up.Professor John Beath, the president of the society and a leading lecturer at St. Andrews University, said his first-year lectures which were open to students from all departments— were drawing crowds of 400, rather than the usual 250."There are a large number of students who are not economics majors, who would like to learn something about it. One of the things I have done this year is to relate my teaching to contemporary events in a way that one hasn't traditionally done," he added.University applications rose 7% last year. But there were rises above average in several subjects.Nursing saw a 15% jump, with people's renewed interest in career in the public sector, which are seen as more secure in economic crisis.A recent study showed almost two thirds of parents believed schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters, and almost half said their children had asked them what was going on, although a minority of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain.Zack Hocking, the head of Child Trust Funds, said, "It's possible that one good thing to arise from the downturn will be a generation that's financially wiser and better equipped to manage their money through times of economic uncertainty. "Word Bankattributed to 归因于sector n. 部门contemporary adj.当代的9. Professor John Beath's lectures are .A. given in a traditional wayB. connected with the present situationC. open to both students and their parentsD. warmly received by economicsA. greater stabilityB. higher payC. fewer applicationsD. better reputation11. According to Hocking, the global economic crisis might make the youngstersA.wiser in money managementB. have access to better equipmentC. confide about their future careersD. get jobs in Child Trust Funds12. What's the main idea of the text?A. Universities have received more applications.B. Economics is attracting an increasing number of students.C. College students benefit a lot from economic uncertainty.D. Parents are concerned with children's subject selection.9-12. BAAB。

牛津上海版高二年级第一学期 Unit1 Sporting events知识点讲解及练习(有答案)

U1 Sporting events词汇讲解1. promise v. to tell someone that one will definitely do something 答应；许诺e.g. Since you have promised to do it, you should do it.既然你已经许诺过了，你就该说到做到。

【必背】promise somebody something／promise something to somebody向某人承诺某事；答应给某人某物promise to do something答应做某事e.g. They promised to finish the work next week．他们承诺下周完成工作。

promise that…答应或保证…e.g.1. They promised that all the books would be returned by Friday．他们保证所有的书籍会在周五之前归还。

【拓展】(1) promise n. 许诺；诺言；保证e.g. We received many promises of help．许多人答应帮助我们。

【必背】make a promise 做出允诺keep a promise遵守诺言fulfill a promise实现诺言carry out a promise履行诺言break a promise违背诺言(2)promise V．预示e.g. It promises to be fine tomorrow．明天有望是个好天气。

Heavy snow promises a harvest．瑞雪兆丰年。

(3)promising ad／．有前途的；有希望的e.g. The results of the first experiment are not very promising．第一次实验的结果不容乐观。

牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(二)finance and trade(有答案)

话题阅读（二）Finance and Trade（A）In recent years, Israeli consumers have grown more demanding as they've become wealthier and more worldly-wise. Foreign travel is a national passion; this summer alone, one in 10 citizens will go abroad. Exposed to higher standards of service elsewhere, Israelis are returning home expecting the same. American firms have also begun arriving in large numbers. Chains such as KFC, McDonald's and Pizza Hut are setting a new standard of customer service, using strict employee training and constant monitoring to ensure the friendliness of frontline staff. Even the American habit of telling departing customers to "Have a nice day"has caught on all over Israel. "N obody wakes up in the morning and says, 'Let's be nicer,'"says Itsik Cohen, director of a consulting firm. "N othing happens without competition."Privatization,. or the threat of it, is a motivation as well. Monopolies that until recently have been free to take their customers for granted now fear what Michael Perry, a marketing professor, calls "the revengeful consumer". When the government opened up competition with Bezaq, the phone company, its international branch lost 40% of its market share, even while offering competitive rates. Says Perry, "People wanted revenge for all the years of bad service." The electric company, whose monopoly may be short-lived, has suddenly stopped requiring users to wait half a day for a repairman. Now, appointments are scheduled to the half hour. The graceless EI Al Airlines, which is already at auction, has retrained its employees to emphasize service and is boasting about the results in an ad campaign with the slogan, "You can feel the change in the air." For the first time, praise outnumbers complaints on customer survey sheets.Word Bankmonopolies n. 垄断auction n. 拍卖revengeful a. 报复的13. It may be inferred from the passage that .A. customer service in Israel is now improvingB. wealthy Israeli customers are hard to pleaseC. the tourist industry has brought chain stores to IsraelD. Israel customers prefer foreign products to domestic ones14. In the author's view, higher service standards are impossible in Israel .A. if customer complaints go unnoticed by the managementB. unless foreign companies are introduced in greater numbersC. if there's no competition among companiesD. without strict routine training of employees15. If someone in Israel today needs a repairman in case of a power failure, .A. they can have it fixed in no timeB. it's no longer necessary to make an appointmentC. the appointment takes only half a day to makeD. they only have to wait half an hour at mostA. revengeful customers are a threat to the monopoly of enterprisesB. an ad campaign is a way out for enterprises in financial difficultyC. a good slogan has great potential for improving serviceD. staff retraining is essential for better service13-16. ACDD（B）People have expressed themselves through the movements, steps, and rhythms of dance since the beginning of time. They have prayed and celebrated their victories through dance. People have mourned their dead and healed their sick through dance, the language of the body.Today there are many kinds of dancing. For example, there is folk dancing, ballet dancing, and modern dancing. Modern dance, which began in the early 1900s, is a very expressionistic dance. Modern dancers follow no set pattern. Rather, they create their own movements to match the feelings they are trying to express. But modern dance means more than just self-expression.Martha Graham is one of the world's greatest modern dancers. As a young dancer, she studied with some of the founders of the modern dance movement. Influenced by many different kinds of dancing, Martha Graham developed her own personal dance style. She later formed her own dance company and school in New York City. The following are some of herfeelings about herart.4.The modern dancer's costume is an important part of his or her dance. There are always some reasons why a dance costume should be a certain color or an outfit cut in a certain way. The reason comes out of the dance itself. Unlike a ballet costume, a modern dance costume is left of the dancers' art except the pictures and the memories.Dances come from something deep within a person. That something cannot be expressed with words—it must be told through movement. Because dance expresses emotions, it affects the mind and the body. Dance should not be taken apart and interpreted—dance must be experienced.Keys: AFBDC（C）Beware of those who use the truth to deceive. When someone tells you something that is true, but leaves out important information that should be included, he can create a false impression. For example, someone might say, "I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery. It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!" This guy's a winner, right? Maybe, not. We then discover that he bought two hundred tickets, and only one was a winner. He's really a big loser! He didn't say anything that was false, but he omitted important information on purpose. That's called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically lies, but they are just as dishonest.Untrustworthy candidates in political campaigns often use this tactic. Let's say that during Governor Smith's last term. One of her opponents ran an ad saying, "During Governor Smith's term, the state lost one million jobs!" That's true. However an honest statement would have been, "During Governor Smith's term, the state had a net gain of two million jobs."Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths. It's against the law to make false claims so they try to mislead you with the truth. An ad might boast, "Nine out of ten doctors recommend Yucky Pills to cure nose pimples. It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Corporation."This kind of deception happens too often. I t's a sad fact of life: Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well.W ord Bankdeceive v. 欺骗tactic n. 策略lottery n. 彩票pimple n. 粉刺1. Which statement is true according to the article?A.Whenever people tell the truth, they may lie.B.You cannot trust lottery agents.C.All governors help their states.D.The truth can be used in dishonestways.2 . The author clearly wants people________________ .A.to think carefully about what they read and hearB.to vote for female candidatesC.not to believe ads of any kindD.not to trust any politician3. Governor Smith's opponents wanted_______________ .A. to make her a liarB. to beat her in the campaignC. to get jobs in the governmentD. to detect her lie4. Which of the following would be the appropriate title for this article?A. How to deceive people.B. Everyone lies.C. Lying with the truth.D. Never believe anyone.Keys: DABC（D）There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among "situations vacant", although it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among "situations wanted", although it is not placed by someone looking for a job either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job."Contact us before writing your application", or "Make use of our long experience in preparing your job history", is how it is usually expressed. The growth and success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing importance of job history, with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form itself.There was a time when those job hunters simply wrote letters of application. "Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams", was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for a start, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could w rite and were available for work. Y our eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would make you different from the rest. "Your search is over. I am the person you are looking for", was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job in view.There is no doubt, however, that it is the increasing number of applicants with university education that has led to the greater importance of the job history.W ord Bankcolumn n. 分类广告栏vacant adj. 空缺的sophisticated adj. 老练的rms job hunters of the opportunities availableB.promises useful advice to those looking for employmentC.divides available jobs into various typesrms employers that people are available for workA.there is a lack of jobs available for artistic peopleB.there are so many top-level jobs availableC.there are so many people out of workD.the job history is considered to be a work of artA.write a letter giving their life historyB.pass some exams before applying for a jobC.have no qualifications except being able to read and writeD.keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview8. Later, as one went to apply for more important jobs, one was advised to include in theA.something that would attract attention to one's applicationB. a personal opinion about the organization one was trying to joinC.something that would amuse the person reading itD. a lie which could easily fool othersKeys: BADC。

高中英语牛津上海版高中二年级第一学期完型填空阅读训练(一)【含答案】

高二完型填空阅读训练（一）Passage 1As anyone who has attended a foreign language class knows, on the first day the teacher tells the students, "There are no 1 to learning another language, only 2 and determination will 3 . " Yet be that as it may, advertisements still 4 "Fluent French in Five Months. " Department stores sell all types of book-tape language learning 5 , and night schools offer painless ways to master a foreign 6 .Language is the most 7 , systematic, and universal feature of the human species. The question of mastering a language and its method always 8 different opinions from teachers.Speech is a 9 human ability. Within five to six months, children can produce the sounds 10 for any human language, and after four to five years, 11 have mastered pronunciation, grammar, and 12 vocabulary, to the 13 where they are as quick as pocket calculators.But speaking requires 14 . Children 15 up in one family in the US where seven languages were spoken ended up being fluent in all seven.1. A.path B.end C.slope D.shortcuts2. A.resistance B.consistency C.permission D.perseverance3. A.fit B.do C.make D.suit4. A.assure B.agree C.evidence D.promise5. A.suits B.skills C.packages D.opportunities6. A.skill B.tongue C.technique D.talent7. A.maze plicate plex D.winding8. A.draws B.collects C.gathers D.assembles9. A.natural B.nature's C.given D.born10. A.needing B.necessary C. calling D.requiring11. A.grown-ups B.adult C. toddlers D.teenagers12. A.measurable B.limited C. scarce D.considerable13. A.stage B.step C. process D.point14. A.efficiency B.practice C. performance D.doing15. A.brought B.trained C. educated D.fedPassage 2More and more students want to study in "hot" majors. As a result, many students want to 1 their interests and study in such 2 as foreign languages, international business and law, etc.. Fewer and fewer students choose scientific majors, 3 maths, physics and biology, and art majors, 4 hi story, Chinese and philosophy. Only a few students can study these "hot" majors, because the number of these "hot" majors is limited. If one has no interest in his work or study, 5 can he do well? I 6 this from one of my classmates. He is 7 the countryside. His parents are farmers. Though he 8 biology, he chose "international business". He 9 to live a life which is different 10 of his parents. In the end, he found he 11 in doing business. He found all the subjects to be 12 . 13 this wouldn't have happened if he had chosen his major according to his own interest. Choosing a major in university 14 decide one's whole life. Majors which are not "hot" today may become the "hot" major tomorrow.Choosing your major according to your own 15 is the best way to succeed.1. A.give up B.appear C.give D.master2. A.place B.room C.areas D.space3. A.for example B.such as C.and so on D.as a result4. A.even B.like C.just D.or5. A.why B.and what C.how D.and how6. A.suggested B.guessed C.searched D.learned7. A.out of B.off C.in D.from8. A.studied B.likes C.learns D.succeeds to study9. A.wants B.doesn't want C.enjoys D.doesn't like10. A.from which B. from that C. for which D.for that11. A.was interested B. was clever C. was not interested D.was not clever12. A.lovely B. rare C. obvious D.tiresome13. A.So B. Then C. Just then D.Maybe14. A.can B. does not C. probably D.perhaps not to15. A.interest B. experience C. mind D.heartPassage 3There are more than forty universities in Britain—nearly twice as many as in 1960. During the 1960s eight 1 new ones were founded, and ten other new ones were created by converting old colleges of technologies into universities. In the same period the 2 of students more than doubled, from 70,000 to more than 200,000.1. pletely B.extremely C.clearly D. terribly2. A.amount B.quantity C.lot D. number3. A.traditions B.institutions C.apartments D. castles4. A.self B.kind C.own D. personal5. A.politicians B.politics C.political D. chemists6. A. suggestions B.grades C.profits D.funds7. A. authority B.mayor C.bureau D.department8. A. living B.drinking C.food D.shelter9. A. professors B.students C.politicians D.businessmen10. A. travel B.work C.experiment D.study11. A. responsibility B.advice C.duty D.pleasure12. A. government B.school C.universities mittees13. A. direction B.influence C.performance D.experiment14. A. Committee B.Instructor C.Director D.Crew15. A. consisted posed C.made D.takenPassage4Children model themselves largely on their parents. They do so mainly through identification. Children identify with a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are 1 of that parent. The things parents do and say—and the 2 they do and say to them—therefore strongly influence a child's 3 . However, parents must consistently behave like the type of 4 they want their child to become.1. rmed B.characteristic C.conceived D. indicative2. A.gesture B.expression C.way D. extent3. A.behavior B.words C.mood D. reactions4. A.person B.humans C.creatures D. adult5. A.in turn B.nevertheless C.also D. as a result6. A.before B.besides C.with D. through7. A.eyes B.parents C.peers D. behaviors8. A.negative B.cheerful C.various D. complex9. A.modify B.copy C.give up D. continue10. A.mature B. influenced C.unique D.independent11. A.idea B. wonder C.stamp D.effect12. A.luckily B. for example C.at most D.theoretically13. A.death B. rewards C.advice D.teaching14. A.even B. at all C.alike D.as a whole15. A.result B. effect C.scale D.causePassage 5Reading involves looking at graphic symbols and formulating mentally the sounds and ideas they represent. Concepts of reading have changed substantially over the centuries. During the 1950's and 1960's 1 , increased attention has been devoted to defining and describing the reading process. Although specialists agree that reading 2 a complex organization of higher mental 3 , they disagree about the exact nature of the process. Some experts, who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds, 4 reading as simply the decoding of symbols into the sounds they stand for.1. A.exactly B.especially C.excessively D. extensively2. A.involves B.involves to C.is involved D. involves of3. A.opinions B.effects C.manners D. functions4. A.view B.look C.reassure D. agree5. A.content B.contend C.contempt D. contact6. A.inexplicably B.inexpressibly C.inextricably D. inexpediently7. A.interpreting B.saying C.explaining D. reading8. A.like B.for example C.according to D. as9. A.sometimes B.might C.practical D. actually10. A.classed B.granted C.classified D.graded11. A.inclusive B.inclinable C.conclusive plicated12. A.break up B.elaborate C.define D.unlock13. A.purposes B.degrees C.stages D.steps14. A.such B.so as C.so D.such as15. A.By the way B.In short C.So far D.On the other handPassage 6The country's highest-level university scholarships were handed out last week.() 1. A. record B.paper C. degree D. year() 2. A. got sted C. gone D. been () 3. A. achievements B.requirements C. movements D. treatments () 4. A. Everyone B.Someone C. No one D. Anyone ( ) 5. A.treat B.gather C.pay D. call ( ) 6. A.this B.that C.it D. one ( ) 7. A.hard B.difficult C.serious D. strict ( ) 8. A.Read B.Make C.Write D. Show ( ) 9. A.As from B.As for C.As yet D. As a whole ()10. A.plans B.minds C.designs D. opinions ()11. A.special B.unusual C.traditional D. national ()12. A.affording B.paying C.costing D. spending ()13. A.Especially B.Extremely C.Naturally D. Generally ()14. A.would B.should C.could D. might ()15. A.different B.reasonable C.balanced D. personal ()16. A.sad B.free C.able D. sorry ()17. A.on B.by C.with D. in()18. A.given B.equipped C.provided D. sent()19. A.the ones B.the students C.the others D. the winners ()20. A.In the end B.In addition C.In short D. In all高二完型填空阅读训练（一）【参考答案】Passage 1Keys: 1-5. DDBDC 6-10. BCAAB 11-15. CDABAPassage 2Keys: 1-5．ACBBC 6-10. DDBAB 11-15. CDDBAPassage 3【略】Passage4Keys: 1-5. BCAAC 6-10. DBAAB 11-15. DBACBPassage 5Keys: 1-5. BADAB 6-10. AACDC 11-15. CDACBPassage 6答案解析1. A 从下文的“But the University of Science and Technology of Beijing has 2 (gone) even further with its3 (requirements)．This year, they have to be non-drinkers, non-smokers and frugal as well．”可以看出，这些来自贫困家庭的学生必须有很好的学校表现记录2. C 从后文可知，the university of Science and Technology of Beijing比这些要求走的还远。

牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(一)science and technology(有答案)

话题阅读（一）Science and Technology（A）The colored part of the eye is called the lens. There are three 1 eye colors—brown, blue and green. A few people have red or pink eyes, but these are very rare. Many people believe that blue eyes are more delicate than brown eyes. In fact they are just as tough as brown eyes, although they are more 2 to light.We only see part of the eyeball, 3 the whole eye is as big as a table tennis ball. Light enters the eye through the pupil and passes 4 the lens. The lens 5 the light onto the retina（视网膜) at the back of the eye. The retina sends the signal to the brain along the optic nerve. The image 6 the retina is actually upside-down, but the brain corrects it. As we get older our eyesight becomes worse. This happens because the lens isn't as flexible as when we are young.Our eyes are the most important of our five senses. We receive 80% of our information about the world through our eyes. We also 7 signals to other people with our eyes. Some eye signals are unconscious. When we look at something nice, our pupils get bigger. But 8 we don't like something, they become smaller. We cry when we are unhappy and sometimes when we are very happy. But we can also control some eye signals. For example, we can wink at someone or raise an eyebrow. Sunglasses make someone appear mysterious or dangerous, 9 they hide that eyes and so we can't see the signals.1-5. GCEBH 6-9. DIJA（B）1. A.exist B.extend C.exchange D.experience2. A.peak B.top C.height D.altitude3. A.temporary B.short C.tempting D.constant4. A.working B.functions C.runs D.arranges5. A.support B.train C.function D.exercise6. A.sleepy B.active C.vivid D.lively7. A.temporarily B.occasionally C.constantly D.sometimes8. A.appropriate st C.confident plex9. A.take B.conduct C.replace bine10. A.guiding B. supporting C.requiring D.demanding11. A.fact B. factor rmation D.conclusion12. A.appears B. occurs C.break D.performs13. A.construct B. suffer C.experience D.invite14. A.accompanies B. supports C.requests D.demands15. A.measuring B. counting C.calculating D.mending 1-5. AAABD 6-10. BCACB 11-15. ABCBA（C）Some scientists think the automobile is going to be useless. They say one day in the future all the autos will be thrown away and that we won't use them any more. Others, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future.The motorcar will undoubtedly change a lot over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gas engine. The care of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types.Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in the urban traffic jam. One suggested solution to this problem is the automated highway system.When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the car's movements.The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the high way; the driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that such a highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway.1. What provides auto with electric power in the automated highway system?A. A retractable arm.B. An engine.C. A rail.D. A computer controller.2. After putting in the information concerned, all the driver needs to do is toA.keep in the right laneB. inform the system of his destination by phoneC. keep in constant touch with the computer centerD. wait to arrive at his destination3. What is the author's main concern?A. How to make automobiles pollution-free.B.How to make smaller and safer automobiles.C. How to solve the problem of traffic jams.D.How to develop a good subway system.4. One big improvement in the future car will probably be.A. its monitoring systemB. its driving speedC. its power sourceD. its seating capacityCDCA（D）It began with a huge mistake. Bill Bass, professor of forensic anthropology at the University of Tennessee, US, got a corpse's time of death wrong by more than a century."This was Colonel Shy," the 80-year-old recalls. "He was killed in the Battle of Nashville in 1864, during the Civil War." But when his coffin was discovered in the 1970s, Prof. Bass found the body was so very well preserved that it got pink tissues."Nobody had ever looked at what happened to bodies in coffins. So my experience said this had to be somebody who died within the last six months."It was a serious example of a growing problem. When helping the state police investigate bodies, Prof. Bass found it was hard to work out how long they had been dead. He felt there was a need to study bodies as they decompose.So he took his ideas to the university, and was given land where he could study corpses— the Anthropology Research Facility, better known as "the Body Farm"."We wanted to know about the decay of the soft tissue," he says. "How long does it take? When does the right arm fall off? What happens to hair and fingernails?"The first specimens were unclaimed corpses from the police, but the farm's fame spread.On the Body Farm, corpses have been left in the boots of cars; in pools of water; and in deep and shallow graves. Researchers monitor everything, from the activity of insects and bacteria to the effects of the weather. After a year, the skeletons are removed, cleaned and stored.Over 30 years, the Body Farm has gathered a huge amount of information. It trained expertsto deal with mysterious deaths. And it remains a cutting-edge research facility.Every project raises new questions. Experts can already tell whether someone was using drugs by making a "cocktail" of the maggots that feed on their body and analyzing the juices.Another area of interest is cremation: Two weeks ago, three men were found "harvesting" body parts from more than 300 corpses. Prof Bass, who did research on how much a person's ashes should weigh, helped police determine that the cremated remains returned to some of the families were of incomplete bodies.Word Bankforensic n. 法医decompose v. 分解anthropology n. 人类学cremation n. 火化5. Bill Bass had the ideas of studying corpses because____________________ .A.nobody had ever looked at what happens to bodies in coffinsB.the state police asked him to do soC.he made a big mistake on deciding Colonel Shy's time of deathD.he was curious about how Colonel Shy was so well preserved6. The Body Farm was a land given .A.for researchers to study decay of the bodiesB.for the police to store unclaimed corpsesC.for experts to study drugsD.for citizens to bury their bodies after their death7. The Body Farm has helped experts do all of the following EXCEPT .A.deal with mysterious deathsB.tell whether someone was using drugs or notC.find out the weight of a person's ashesD.harvest body parts from corpses8. What's the author's attitude towards the Body Farm?A. Negative.B. Objective.C. Critical.D. Indifferent.CADB（E）Nervous suspects(嫌疑犯) locked up in Britain's newest police station may feel relieved by a pleasant yellow color on the door. If they are close to confessing a crime, the blue on the wall might tip the balance.Gwent Police have abandoned colors such as greys and browns of the 20 th century police cells(牢房)and have used color psychology to decorate them.Ystrad Mynach station, which recently opened at a cost of £5 million, has four cells with glass doors for prisoners who suffer from claustrophobia (幽闭恐怖症). Designers have painted the frames yellow, which researchers say is a calming color. Other cells contain a royal blue line because psychologists believe that the color is likely to encourage truthfulness.The station has 31 cells, including 12 with a "live scan" system for drunken or disturbed prisoners, which detects the rise and fall of their chest. An alarm alerts officers if a prisoner's breathing stops and carries on ringing until the door is opened.Designers and psychologists have worked for years on color. Blue is said to suggest trust, efficiency, duty, logic, coolness, thinking and calm. It also suggests coldness and unfriendliness. It is thought that strong blues will stimulate clear thought and lighter, soft colors will calm the mind and aid concentration.Yellow is linked with confidence, self-respect and friendliness. Get the color wrong andit could cause fear, depression and anxiety, but the right yellow can lift spirits and self-respect.Ingrid Collins, a psychologist who specializes in the effects of color, said that color was an "energy force". She said:"Blue does enhance communication but I am not sure it would enhance truthful communication. "Yellow, she said, affected the mind. Red, on the other hand, should never be considered because it could increase aggression. Mrs. Collins praised the designers for using colors in the cells. Gwent is not the first British force to experiment with color to calm down or persuade prisoners to cooperate. In the 1990s Strathclyde Police used pink in cells based on research carried out by the US Navy.9. The underlined expression "tip the balance" in Paragraph 1 probably indicates that theblue might ___________________ .A.let suspects keep their balanceB.help suspects to confess their crimesC.make suspects cold and unfriendly in law courtD.enable suspects to change their attitudes to colors10. Which of the following colors should NOT be used in cells according to the passage?A. Pink.B. Yellow.C. Blue.D. Red.11. Which of the following helps alert officers if someone stops breathing?A. Scanning equipment.B. Royal blue lines.C. Glass doors.D. Yellow frames.12. The passage is mainly concerned with_____________ .A.the relationship between colors and psychologyB. a comparison of different functions of colorsC.the use of colors in cells to affect criminals' psychologyD.scientific ways to help criminals reform themselves in prisonBDAC。

牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(二)survey and report(有答案)

话题阅读（二）Survey and Report（A）Lead deposits, which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960's and 1970's, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States. In the twenty years that the Clean Air Act has mandated unleaded gas use in the United States, the lead accumulation worldwide has decreased significantly.A study published recently in the journal Nature shows that air-borne leaded gas emissions from the United States were the leading contributor to the high concentration of lead in the snow in Greenland. The new study is a result of the continued research led by Dr Charles Boutron, an expert on the impact of heavy metals on the environment at the National Center for Scientific Research in France. A study by Dr Boutron published in 1991 showed that lead levels in arctic snow were declining.In his new study, Dr Boutron found the ratios of the different forms of lead in the leaded gasoline used in the United States were different from the ratios of European, Asian and Canadian gasolines and thus enabled scientists to differentiate the lead sources. The dominant lead ratio found in Greenland snow matched that found in gasoline from the United States.In a study published in the journal Ambio, scientists found that lead levels in soil in the Northeastern United States had decreased markedly since the introduction of unleaded gasoline.Many scientists had believed that the lead would stay in soil and snow for a longer period.The authors of the Ambio study examined samples of the upper layers of soil taken from the same sites of 30 forest floors in New England, New York and Pennsylvania in 1980 and in 1990. The forest environment processed and redistributed the lead faster than the scientists had expected.Scientists say both studies demonstrate that certain parts of the ecosystem respond rapidly to reductions in atmospheric pollution, but that these findings should not be used as a license to pollute.W ord Bankecosystem n. 生态系统differentiate v. 区分11. The study published in the journal Nature indicates that__________________________ .A. the Clean Air Act has not produced the desired resultsB. lead deposits in arctic snow are on the increaseC. lead will stay in soil and snow longer than expectedD. the US is the major source of lead pollution in arctic snow12. Lead accumulation worldwide decreased significantly after the use of unleaded gas in the US.A. was discouragedB. was enforced by lawC. was prohibited by lawD. was introduced13. How did scientists discover the source of lead pollution in Greenland?A. By analyzing the data published in journals like Nature and Ambio.B. By observing the lead accumulations in different parts of the arctic area.C. By studying the chemical elements of soil and snow in Northeastern America.D. By comparing the chemical compositions of leaded gasoline used in various countries.14. The authors of the Ambio study have found that .A. forests get rid of lead pollution faster than expectedB. lead accumulations in forests are more difficult to deal withC. lead deposits are widely distributed in the forests of the USD. the upper layers of soil in forests are easily polluted by lead emissionsDBDA（B）Professor Reason recently persuaded 35 people to keep a diary of all their absent-minded actions for two weeks. When he came to analyse their embarrassing errors, he was surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groups.One of the women, for instance, on leaving her house for work one morning threw her pet dog her ear-rings and tried to fix a dog biscuit on her ear. "The explanation for this is that the brain is like a computer," explains the professor. "People programme themselves to do certain activities regularly. It was the woman's custom every morning to throw her dog two biscuits and then put on her ear-rings. But somehow the action got reversed in the programme." About one in twenty of the incidents the volunteers reported were these "programme assembly failures".Twenty percent of all errors were "test failures"—primarily due to not verifying the progressof what the body was doing. A man who was about to get his car out of the garage passed throughthe back yard where his garden jacket and boots were kept, put them on-much to his surprise. A woman victim reported:"I got into the bath with my socks on. "The commonest problem was information "storage failures". People forgot the names of people whose faces they knew, went into a room and forgot why they were there, mislaid something, or smoked a cigarette without realizing it.The research so far suggests that while the "central processor" of the brain is liberated from second-to-second control of a well-practised routine, it must repeatedly switch back its attention at important decision points to check that the action goes on as intended. Otherwise the activity maybe "captured" by another frequently and recently used programme, resulting in embarrassing errors.15. The purpose of Professor Reason's research is.A. to show the difference between men and women in their reasoningB. to classify and explain some errors in human actionsC. to find the causes which lead to computer failuresD. to compare computer functions with brain workings16. Which of the following might be grouped under "programme assembly failures"?A. A woman went into a shop and forgot what to buy.B. A man returning home after work left his key in the lock.C. A lady fell as she was concentrating on each step her feet were taking.D. An old man, with his shoes on, was trying to put on his socks.17. The word "verifying" in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by.A. improvingB. changingC. checkingD. stopping18. According to the passage, the information "storage failures" refers to _________________________ .A. the destruction of information collecting systemB. the elimination of one's total memoryC. the temporary loss of part of one's memoryD. the separation of one's action from consciousnessBDCC（C）A Brown University sleep researcher has some advice for people not run high schools: Don'tstart classes so early in the morning. It may not be that the students who nod off at their desks arelazy. And it may not be that their parents have failed to enforce bedtime. Instead, it may be thatbiologically these sleepyhead students aren't used to the early hour."Maybe these kids. are. being asker to rise at the wrong, time, for their bodies " says Mary, Carskadon, a professor looking at problem of adolescent sleep at Brown's School ofMedicine.Carskadon is trying to understand more about the effects of early school time in adolescents.And, at a more basic level, she and her team are trying to learn more about how the biologicalchanges of adolescence affect sleep needs and patterns.Carskadon says her work suggests that adolescents may need more sleep than they did at childhood, no less, as commonly thought.Sleep patterns change during adolescence, as any parent of an adolescent can prove. Most adolescents prefer to stay up later at night and sleep later in the morning. But it's not just a matterof choice—their bodies are going through a change of sleep patterns.All of this makes the transfer from middle school to high school—which may start one hour earlier in the morning—all the more difficult, Carskadon says. With their increased need for sleepand their biological clocks set on the "sleep late, rise late" pattern, adolescents are up againstdifficulties when it comes to trying to be up by 5 or 6 a. m. for a 7:30 a. m. first bell. A short sleepon a desktop may be their body's way of saying "I need a timeout".Word Bankenforce v. 确保timeout n. 隔离处分1. Carskadon suggests that high schools should not start classes so early in the morning because ___________________2. They underlined phrase "nod off" most probably means".16. 3. According to the passage, what's the sleep pattern of most adolescents?4. According to the passage, what might be a reason for the hard transfer from middle school to high school?1.It is biologically difficult for students to rise early.2. fall asleep3. to stay up later at night and sleep later at night.4. Adolescents need more sleep than they used to（D）ABC News anchor Peter Jennings died on Aug. 7, 2005 at home in New York after a brief battle with lung cancer. ABC News anchors said they hope if anything good can be taken from Jennings' death, it is a great awareness of the dangers of smoking."I want to give a message," Barbara Walters said. "If you have kids who are smoking, tell them that we lost Peter."Lung cancer is the worst killer in America, taking more lives each year than any other cancer, according to the America Cancer Society. About 160,440 Americans die each year of cancer, making up 28 percent of all cancer deaths. More than 87 percent of lung cancers are smoking related.Dr Derek Raghavan, director of the Cleveland Clinic's Taussing Cancer Center, said that once a person stops smoking, he starts getting better. Three to five years after quitting, the possibility of getting lung cancer is reduced by half.Warning signs of lung cancer can also be mixed with symptoms connected with long-term smoking. The three main warning signs are an increase of coughing that doesn't clear up, coughing up blood and sharp chest pains.People with those symptoms should see a doctor. Raghavan said there have been promising developments in the treatment of lung cancer, including uses of radiation and surgery and drugs. "But the fact is that stopping smoking is the most important thing we can do," Raghavan said. "There is no treatment that even comes close. "Word Bankanchor n. 节目主持人symptom n. 征兆1. Anchor Peter Jennings died of lung cancer which was possibly caused by_______________________ .A. his bad eating habitB. overmuch workC. long-term smokingD. the old age2. The first paragraph mentioned Peter Jennings' death in order to ____________________ .A. make him the main character of the passageB.warn the smokers of the danger of smokingC.introduce the topic to be talked aboutD.make him better-known than beforeA. doing more exerciseB. giving up smokingC. getting over lung cancerD. staying in hospital4. To fight against lung cancer, what matters much to smokers is ____________________A. to receive the treatment of lung cancerB. to do exerciseregularlyC. to see a doctor in timeD. to stop smokingCCBD（E）of Dahab on Monday, killing 23 people and wounding dozens of others, rescue and security officialssaid.Witnesses said smoke billowed up from the town's tourist bazaar, and residents said they sawbody parts and debris on the street after an explosion at a restaurant.People in the small beach and diving resort, which is popular with backpackers, described scenes of carnage and chaos.A cafe worker who was about 200 meters (yards) from the scene said: "We saw many dead people. People were screaming. People were being taken to hospital. Egyptians went to give blood. There were body parts. There's police everywhere.""There are ambulances and cars taking people to hospital," said another resident, who also did not want to be named.The explosions took place at the Nelson Restaurant, the Aladdin Cafeteria and the Ghazala Supermarket, the Interior Ministry said.The explosions took place in quick succession at about 7.15 p. m. (1715 GMT). "There is smoke coming from the area and there are people running everywhere," said one witness, who heard the blasts.An official with the local ambulance service said many of the dead appeared to be foreigners.Israeli divers often stay in the resort but with the Passover holiday over it is unlikely many were there. The Israeli ambassador in Cairo and Israeli authorities said they did not know of any Israeli casualties. One visitor said police were stopping cars and buses leaving the resort and had imposed restrictions on movements in and out of backpacker camps in the area.It was the third set of three explosions on the eastern coast of the Sinai Peninsula since October 2004, when a group attacked the Hilton hotel in the border resort of Taba and two other resorts on the northeast coast, killing 34 people.Word Bankexplosion n. 爆炸ambassador n. 大使( )5. What's the result of the explosions in Dahab ?A.34 people were killed.B.There were many Israeli casualties.C.23 people were killed and dozens of others were injured.D.Many houses were burned to the ground.( )6. What does the underlined word "resort" mean?A.Popular holiday centre.B.Hotel or guest-house for holidaymakers.C.Visiting some place.D.Making use of something for help.( )7. Which of the following statements is right?A.Many of the dead appeared to be residents.B.The first set of three explosions took place in October 2004.C.Police couldn't know what to do.D.Israeli divers stayed in the resort with the Passover holiday. CAB。

2019年牛津上海版高二第一学期 Module 1 Unit 1 单元综合检测及解析

2019年牛津上海版高二第一学期 Module 1 Unit 1 单元综合检测注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷（选择题）一、阅读理解the quiz.1. Be on time for practice and games. That means you should be at the gym 5 to 10 minutes before practice and 15 to 20 minutes before a game. Players need time to stretch and warm up in order to play their best.2. Tell your- coach as soon as you can if you are going to miss a game or practice Coaches plan their practice and who is going to play in the games. If you are missing when the coach thought you would be there, that can really mess up the team.3. Get plenty of rest before the games. Basketball is a tough game that takes lots of energy. You can’t play well if you are dragging around the court. So the rule is: No sleepovers before games .4. Don’t yell at your teammates for making a bad pass or a bonehead play Everybody including LeBron James, makes mistakes. There will be times when you make mistakes, and you won’t want your teammates. yelling at you .5. Don’t even talk about the referees (裁判员). Too many coaches and players spend too much time complaining about referees and their calls. Calls that you think are bad or unfair are part of the game. Learn to forget about the calls and concentrate on your performance. More games are won and lost by the players than by the referees.6. Practice on your own. Most kids’ teams practice an hour or two each week. No one ever became a good basketball player by playing an hour a week. If you don’t have a basket, practice dribbling on a driveway or in a parking lot. Or pass the ball back and forth with a friend.7. Go watch high school basketball games. Pick a good player who plays your position and really concentrate on what he does. Notice his form when he shoots the ball or how he positions himself on defense or where he moves when he doesn’t have the ball.8. Limit the video games you play. After coaching kids for years, I am convinced that video games make kids into watchers. Basketball is a game that requires you to move our whole body, not just your thumbs.1.According to the coach, players _______.A.mustn’t miss a game or practiceB.Shouldn’t practice much in driveways or in parking lotsC.are not allowed to play video games in their spare timeD.are advised not to yell at their teammates when they make mistakes2.According to the coach, what attitude should players have toward referees?A.They should be friendly and try to leave a good impression on refereesB.They should focus on their own performance rather than those callsC.They should speak out when they believe a referee has made a poor callD.They should complain to the coach when they think an unfair call has been3.To improve their basketball skills, the players are advised to ________.A.watch basketball games on TV as frequently as they canB.practice with their teammates an hour or two each weekC.spare some time to stretch and warm up before a gameD.watch games by good players who play their positionsMost of the guests who come on our trips have never been to Egypt before. We want to make everyone comfortable and at ease, but we do always get the same questions in advance of the trip. So here I will give you some travel tips.What should I wear?If you're lucky enough to visit Egypt between November and February, pack a sweater. You’ll need it - the desert gets rather cold at night. During the day, the temperature will be agreeable and comfortable. Any other time, pack as if you're going to Phoenix of Vegas in August. For the ladies, bathing suits are normal if there's a pool where you are going, but leave the string bikini at home it is a Muslim country, after all. Last, if you are planning on visiting any mosques (清真寺) or certain parts of upper Egypt, ladies will need to plan on bringing something that comes at least to the elbow(肘部), and no shorts for men or women in those areas.What special things do I need to pack?One of my favorite things in the world to bring to Egypt is an Evian water, a sprayer with a fine mist of Evian water. You may be able to find it in your local drug store. Spray a little on your face or head, and your body temperature will feel like it's dropped 10 or15 degrees. Other items include your camera, sun block and extra batteries .What medical preparation do I need?In a word: none!. The one thing you may come down with in Egypt is politely called''Pharoah's Revenge''. The thing that gets rid of Pharoah's Revenge is a regionally produced medicine, and is available at every drugstore for $1 a box. Don't drink local water. Do drink bottled water, avoid the skins of fresh vegetables, and you’ll be fine.4.What clothing is proper for ladies visiting a mosque?A.String bikinis.B.Bathing suitsC.Long-sleeve clothesD.Shorts5.What's the use of an Evian Mister?A.To relieve your thirstB.To cool yourself down.C.To prevent sunburnsD.To drive away insects6.''Pharoah's Revenge'' in the last paragraph probably refers to _______.A.a battleB.a taleC.a diseaseD.a plant7.The purpose of the passage is to ______.A.describe a journey to Egypt to the touristB.offer some practical tips on traveling in EgyptC.warn readers of the poisonous insects in EgyptD.attract more tourists to EgyptDoes an unborn baby know his mothers' voice? Psychology professor Anthony DeCasper designed an experiment to find it out. He placed padded earphones over a newborn's ears and gave him a bottle nipple(奶嘴) attached to a closed rubber tube Changes in pressure in the tube switched channels on a tape recorder. If the baby paused extra long between bursts of sucking(吮吸) he heard one channel; if he paused shorter than average, he heard the other. The baby now had the ability, in effect, to change.DeCasper found that newborns choose the recording of their mothers' voice over that of another woman's. The baby, however, has no innate(天生的) interest in his father's voice, which is heard in the womb(子宫) only: from time to time, while the mother’s voice is ever p resent. Within two weeks after birth, however, the baby can recognize Dad’s voice,too.A newborn is even attuned (调和)to the rhythm of his native language. In a French study using a setup similar to DeCasper's, French babies given the choice between French and Russian words responded more to the sound of French.Brian Satt, a research specialist in clinical psychology, has parents sing a lullaby-like ''womb song'' to their babies. The unborn baby often develops a specific, consistent movement pattern when its song is sung. According to Satt, most parents can calm a fussy newborn with the song most of the time, which is a prize worth more than rubies to a new parent.He is woken up by a heavy jolt (颠簸):His mother has fallen heavily on one hip. He is much too well cushioned (缓冲) to experience any injury, but her pain and the fear that she may have hurt him floods both their bodies with stress-related hormones. He cries and kicks vigorously, a cry never heard because there is no air to make sound. As she recovers, the stress hormones fade away, and he calms down, too.8.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A.An unborn baby can occasionally hear his fathers voiceB.DeCasper's approach proved effective in a French experimentC.An unborn baby has a good command of his native languageD.Padded earphones are used in DeCasper's experiment9.According to the author, an unborn baby _______.A.is unable to identify his mother's lullaby after birthB.is able to identify his mother's voice rather than that of others’C.is able to help release stress-related hormonesD.is able to distinguish French accent from Russian accent10.It is known from the passage that _______.A.mother's stress, anger or shock might not hurt the unborn baby in the wombB.an unborn baby’s cry might never be heard because of the condition of the wombC.lullabies are always useful in calming a fussy newbornD.an unborn baby has to kick violently and repeatedly in the womb11.The author believes that the reaction of an unborn baby to his mother's voice _______.A.belongs to one of the natural tendencies some animals also haveB.is an indication which shows an unborn baby can use all his senses after birthC.is a physiological reaction of human beingsD.is the most important factor which leads an unborn baby to the survival in the womb二、完形填空time. _______ your interests to work is a good way to find more time to do what you love without putting your life on hold and your financial health: _______ .Of course, the role your hobby could play in your day job might not be immediately _______. You can: figure out where your work and hobby _______ by drawing two circles and listing the core(核心) aspects of your organization in one circle and the core aspects of your hobbies in the other, and see if there are places where the two intersect(相交).Next, try to determine whether other people at your workplace share a(n) _______ hobby and figure out if you can integrate(整合)it together. For example, if many of you enjoy using social media _______ hours and feel that your organization should have a better digital footprint, you could join forces to try to _______ a relevant department or task force. If you're _______ , expert suggests that you sync (使同步) your interest to what your organization needs to be _______ . Recognize that it's not only about you, it's about ________ goals. For instance, if you're in sales but your hobby is graphic design, show your boss how spending work time ________ visually appealing materials will help you get more customers.________ there's no way to incorporate ( integrate) your hobby into your job responsibilities, you might still use it to have more ________ at work and make connections ________ , a man is a teacher, but he feels out of place with the female faculty. Since his hobby is breeding roses, he starts bringing in bouquets (花束). Before, long, he becomes a ________ of the other teachers.12.A.Bringing B.Pointing C.Limiting D.Arranging13.A.under control B.beyond recognition C.at risk D.on duty14.A.traditional B.obvious C.independent D.minor15.A.depart B.equal C.vary D.match16.A.similar B.strange C.definite D.classical17.A.above B.off C.without D.on18.A.change B.sell C.imagine D.form19.A.out of sight B.at a loss C.on your own D.under the protection20.A.tough B.political C.successful mercial21.A.learning B.business C.family D.human22.A.developing bining C.abandoning D.appreciating23.A.Whether B.As C.After D.Even if24.A.freedom B.fun C.possessions D.ideas25.A.However B.On the other hand C.For example D.What’s more26.A.failure B.victim C.target D.favorite三、听力选择题A.She went to the movies.B.She was ill in bed.C.She was watching another channel.D.She was busy with her work.28.A.In wuxi.B.In Suzhou.C.In Shanghai.D.In Nanjing.29.A.Manager and employee.B.Teacher and student.C.Father and son.D.Doctor and patient.30.A.12.B.24.C.36.D.48.31.A.The man is not confidentB.The man is outstanding .C.The woman believes the man is inferior to her .D.The woman is not sure the man will be admitted.32.A.Spanish.B.Jar.C.Chinese.D.Arabic.33.A.A pleasant holiday.B.a bad accident .C.The man’s luck.D.The man’s attitude.34.A.It’s too late for the man to go to the concert .B.The man can buy a standing-room ticket tomorrow .C.The man must wait for two hours to buy a ticket .D.People have already been standing in line for two hours;35.A.The restaurant provides books for the customers .B.The restaurant didn’t open yesterday ;C.He had to wait a long time for a seat in the restaurantD.He met a bookseller when he was waiting;36.A.Sh e’s enjoying the music.B.The music will keep her awake;C.The music doesn’t bother her ;D.She prefers a different style of music ;Questions are based on the following passage.37.A.She flew an airplaneB.She got retiredC.She went on a hot air balloon rideD.She moved into a new area38.A.Scared B.Regretful C.Surprised D.Calm39.A.We should never stop trying to realize our dreamsB.We should take sports seriously in spite of the old age.C.a good instructor is the key to a successful skydivingD.No one can succeed without the support of his familyQuestions are based on the following passage.40.A.They forget about their dreamsB.They don’t want to tell the truthC.They have no bad experiencesD.They have difficulty going to sleep41.A.He got a serious heart attackB.He was too sad about his brother’s death.C.He was frightened by a terrible dreamD.He was advised not to have dreams42.A.It helps handle problemsB.It causes trouble in people’s daily lifeC.It prevents the brain from working properlyD.It makes people more intelligent43.A.To recover from illnessesB.To stimulate imaginationC.To stay away from problemsD.To relieve stressQuestions are based on the following passage.44.A.She might get injured.B.She might lose her way.C.She might be laughed at.D.She might feel bored.45.A.It is for skillful skiers.B.It is not accessible to beginners.C.It is difficult even for instructors.D.It is not steep.46.A.With black diamonds.B.With black circles.C.With green diamonds.D.With green circles.第II卷（非选择题）四、书面表达following passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.In the 19th century, there used to be a model of how to be a good person. There were floods of passion flowing through you. Your job, as captain of your soul, was to erect a dam to say no to laziness and greed.These days that model is out of fashion. Knowing what to do is not the same as being able to do it. your will power is no longer like a dam.The 19th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will Today, we know that free will is bounded. People can change their lives, but ordering change is not simple because many things are beyond our direct control.Much of our behavior, for example, is guided by unconscious habits. Researchers at Duke University calculated that more than 40 percent of the actions we take are governed by habits, not actual decisions. Researchers have also come to understand the structure of habits- cue, routine and reward.You can change your own personal habits. If you leave running shorts on the floor at night, that’ll be a cue to go running in the morning. Don’t try to ignore your afternoon snack craving. Every time you feel the cue for a snack, insert another routine. Take a walk. Their research thus implies a different character model, which is supposed to handle the neural networks inside.To be an effective person, under this model, you are supposed to coolly examine your ownunconscious habits. You are supposed to devise strategies to alter the cues and his is a bit disturbing, because the important habitual neural networks are not formed by mere routine, nor can they be reversed by clever cues. They are burned in by emotion and strengthened by strong yearnings.If you want to change your life, don't just look for a clever cue. Commit yourself to some larger global belief._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________48.Directions: Write an English composition in 100-120 words according to the: instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是李华,要给英国笔友Harry写封信,信中包括以下要点:1. 介绍你最喜欢的一项运动;2. 简述喜欢的理由。

牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(二)trip and journey(有答案)

话题阅读（二）Trips and journey(A)There are many famous museums throughout the world where people can enjoy art. Washington, D. C. has the National Gallery of Art; Paris has the Luvre; London, the British Museum. Florida International University (FIU) in Miami also shows art for people to see. And it does so without a building, or even a wall for its drawings and paintings.FIU has opened what it says is the first computer art museum in the United States. You don't have to visit the University to see the art. You just need a computer linked to a telephone. Y ou can call the telephone number of a university computer and connect your own computer to it. All of the art is stored in the school computer. It is computer art, produced electronically by artists on their own computers. In only a few minutes, your computer can receive and copy all the pictures and drawings.Robert Shostak is director of the new computer museum. He says he started the museum because computer artists had no place to show their works.A computer artist can only record pictures electronically and send the records, or floppy discs, to others to see on their computers. He can also put his pictures on paper. But to print good pictures on paper, the computer artist needs an expensive laser printer.Robert Shostak says the electronic museum is mostly for art of computer students at schools and universities. Many of the pictures in the museum are made by students. Mr zShostak said the FIU museum will make computer art more fun for computer artists because more people can see it. He says artists enjoy their work much more if they have an audience. And the great number of home computers in America could mean a huge audience the electronic museum.W ord BankLuvre 卢浮宫floppy adj. 移动或落下10. The main purpose of this passage is to give information about _____________________ .A. museums throughout the worldB. an electronic art museum in Miami, USAC. art exhibitions in Florida International UniversityD. Latest development of computer art11. To see the art in FLU museum, people need _____________________.A. floppy discsB. a computer and a printerC. pictures and drawings on paperD. a computer connected to the museum by telephone line12. The FIU museum was started when___________________ .A. Robert Shostak wanted to do something for computer scientistsB. Art students needed a place to show their worksC. Robert Shostak wanted to help computer artistsD. Computer scientists wanted to do something about art13. "An audience" in the last paragraph refers to _____________________ .A. computerB. art studentsC. those who will enjoy artD. computer artistsBDCA(B)1.The opinion of many engineers is that the architects that designed the New York World TradeCenter Twin Towers did a good job in designing the buildings. The buildings were safe from the hazards envisioned at the time. Indeed, they were designed to withstand the force of aircraft that might crash into them. They were not however, designed to withstand the effects of the very high temperatures generated by the ignition of tons of fuel carried by the aircraft.Steel lightly covered with concrete is the main structural component of the towers and steel loses a lot of structural strength when heated to 1,100 degrees Centigrade and beyond, as it was. To shield the steel the towers' beams were coated with a few centimeters of concrete. That insulation was to provide structural integrity for at least 1 hour of fire. The towers met the test. The south tower lasted 62 minutes. The north: 103 minutes. Tragedy followed when not all could escape prior to the collapse.3.Most experts agree that the Twin Towers were very well designed. Many also agree that the people planning the attacks were very knowledgeable and aimed the aircraft at a height that would cause the most damage. The aircraft crash and resulting fuel-fed fires were aimed at about the 90th floor. That was just high enough to insure that the upper floors would weaken with the heat and crack down, dropping into the remaining part of the building.The mass of the falling top floors created such a falling load that some experts estimate it exceeded by 5 to 10 times normal bearing loads. The effect was like a giant hammer, each floor contributing more weight to be born by the next floor down.Were the Trade Towers well designed? Engineers say yes. The public refers to the belief that architects will never again design a tall building without considering the effects of terrorist attacks of all potential kinds. That not only includes the ability of the structure to withstand attack but the means to allow the buildings' occupants to escape in time to survive.EAFDB(C)Martha’s Vineyard has long been considered a favorite quiet of the Northeast. The vineyard is rich in history, breathtaking beaches, and beautiful scenery. It is well known for its unique lighthouses – you’ll enjoy the variety and the history of each lighthouse, among the mostphotographed structures on the Vineyard. When the former First Family, the Clintons, chose to vacation on the island several years ago, it became a more popular tourist attraction.Martha’s Vineyard got its name from its discoverer, Bartholomew Gosnold, who gave it the name of his wife Martha and was in memory of the thick growth of wild trees on the land.The island of Martha’s Vineyard lies south of Cape Cod off the southeastern coast of Massachusetts，United States. It is nearly 20 miles long and runs from 2 to 10 miles in width. There are wide, hard beaches on the southern side. The north is hilly, but in the south and eastern parts there are wide areas of open land covered with wild flowers.The island was discovered early in the 17th century. The Indians were quiet and friendly, and the new-comers fished for a living, making a lot of money from whaling (捕鲸). With the decline (衰落) of whaling and sailing ships, Martha’s Vineyard was almost forgotten until about 60 years ago when people began to buy the old houses of the whaling captains and the small buildings of the fishermen near the beaches. Now people go there year after year for their summer holidays.1．What is Martha’s Vineyard famous for?A．Lighthouses.B．A long history.C．Friendly Indians.D．Fishing industry.2．Which of the following maps tells where Martha’s Vineyard is？（Mas = Massachusetts；C = Cape Cod；M = Martha's Vineyard）3．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A．How the island got its name.B．The population of the island.C．The scenery of the island.D．When the island was discovered.4．When you visit Martha’s Vineyard, .A．you can see a lot of hills in the eastern partsB．you can enjoy the sunshine on the beach on the northern sideC．you can live in the fishermen’s old houses in the hillsD．you can see different kinds of lighthouses and learn about the history1. A2.C3.B4.D(D)There are thirty-four bridges on the Thames River in London, the following are among the most famous ones. Tower BridgeTower Bridge has stood over the River Thames in London since 1894 and is one of the finest, most recognizable bridges in the World. It is the bridge in London you may see in movies and on advertising writing for London. Tower Bridge is the only Thames Bridge that can be raised. It used to be raised about 50 times a day, but nowadays it is only raised 4 to 5 times a week. London BridgeThe construction of the first stone London Bridge started in 1176 and finished years later. Houses and shops were once built on the bridge, which made the road so narrow that it was oftenjammed with people, horses and carts. A "keep left" rule was made in 1733 to keep the traffic moving. This became the rule of the road in Britain. In 1757 the old bridge was pulled down and a new one was built in 1831. Interestingly, that one was pulled down again in 1967 but rebuilt in Lake Havasu City, USA, as a tourist attraction. The present London Bridge was opened in 1973. Millennium BridgeThe Millennium Bridge is a bridge for walkers. It was built to connect the Tate Modem Art Gallery to the City and St Paul's Cathedral (Sf&^ifcl:) in 2000. Thousands of people rushed to see the new bridge. Almost immediately after opening, the bridge had to be shut because of the dangerous waving caused by too many visitors. It has now been reopened. The bridge is about 320 meters, costs 16 million pounds to build and only takes walkers. Westminster BridgeWestminster Bridge is a road and foot traffic bridge over the River Thames between Westminster and Lambeth. The present bridge, opened in 1862, is the second on the site and took the place of an earlierbridge opened in 1750. The British romantic poet, William Wordsworth, wrote a famous poem "Composed Upon Westminster Bridge" in the autumn of 1802.Want to know more about the bridges on the Thames River? Click here1.Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A.The 1831 London Bridge is now in the USA.B.Tower Bridge is much less frequently lifted today than before.C.Cars and buses are not allowed to cross Millennium Bridge.D.W estminster Bridge is for walkers only.2.The Passage is most probably taken from a ________________ .A. school reportB. website articleC. teenage magazineD. science fiction3.The word "j ammed^ in the passage has the closest meaning with_____________________ .A. fixedB. crowdedC. boredD. pleased4.What can we learn from the passage?A.William W ordsworth wrote many poems of the bridges on the Thames River.lennium Bridge wasn't built strong enough so that it had to be pulled down and rebuilt.C.That all the traffic is kept left in Britain was from a rule of an old London Bridge.D.Tower Bridge is the symbol of London because it is the first bridge on the Thames River.1.D2.B3.B4.C。

牛津上海版高二年级英语第一学期话题阅读(二)School and education(有答案)

话题阅读（二）School and Education（A）1.Listening is not as easy as someone thought. Even good listeners may recall only fifty percent of what they hear. Retention, the ability to remember and recall information, decreases about twenty to twenty-five percent after a few days. So no matter how well you listen in class, you're always going to have to refresh your memory before a test! Unfortunately, many people have poor listening habits, and little listening training. To improve your listening skills, it's important to understand what causes poor listening.If you find it difficult to concentrate solely on what a speaker is saying, there' s a good reason. The mind processes information much faster than a speaker can speak. The brain can process over 500 words per minute, while the average speaker talks at a rate of 124 to 250 words per minute. That means the mind can hear what's being said and can think about something else at the same time.If you have a negative idea about the speaker or the topic, you'll find it difficult to listen attentively. Hostile or captive audiences often have more difficulty listening than do favorable or voluntary ones.If a speaker speaks "above the heads" of an audience, people find it difficult to concentrate. Speakers who use unfamiliar words or who use incomplete explanations make it more difficult to listen. Speakers who "speak down" to audiences, failing to acknowledge what the audience alreadyknows, also create mental blocks.When people listen selectively, they simply block out what they don't want to hear. For instance, many people have habits that are dangerous to their health, like smoking. However, they often choose to block out what a speaker says about health risks. They may listen to a speech and think that the speaker's message applies to other people, not them. In other words, they hear what they want to hear and ignore what they don't want to hear.W ord BankCADFB（B）You are from a middle-class family, and live in a normal-size home without any showy possessions, but you are surrounded by surprising consumption. This contrast is beginning to bother your 6-year-old son. You are worried that he will want to live as they do, and wonder if you should move.Sometimes big pocket money, joyful birthday parties, special playrooms and super-big houses tell you that your neighbors probably have more money than you do, and that they're not as careful as you are with money, but you may find that they cook and dig in the garden with their children just as often as you do, talk with them as freely and read to them every night.Or you may find that some of these parents stay in one wing of their big house while their child plays by himself, way off in a wing of his own. In that unfortunate case, he is basically growing up alone without being looked after properly, but this can happen to a child who lives ina normal-size house, too, if he has a TV, a computer and a few video games in his room. Even the most caring parent doesn't walk in and out of it to see what show her child is watching, what internet site he has found and if he's still playing that video games.Too much uncontrolled screen then may lead to a certain loss of innocence, but mostly this child will lose the sense of unity and satisfaction that comes from being in a family.A neighborhood should also provide you with a sense of unity and satisfaction, and if it doesn't you might decide to move. Don't judge your neighborhood too harshly, though. There are some things that are right with almost any neighborhood and things that are wrong with the best of them—like those super-big houses. The wealth of their owners and the way they throwand his dad save some of the money, give some to people who don't have enough and use the rest topay for whatever the family needs.Children want—should be provided with—explanations when their parents don' t givethem what they want.1. What is the problem with the worried parent in the passage?2. In Para. 2 and Para. 3, the author seems to agree that parents should___________________________________ .3. By saying "throw money around" in Para. 5, the author means that rich people __________________________4. According to the passage, what should parents do when they don't give their children what theywant?Keys: 1 . He or she worries about the effect of the neighbors on his or her son2. spend more time with their children3. spend much money carelessly4. They should provide their children with explanations.（C）In a recently published book, I came across some exercises with interesting names such asfishbone diagrams, lotus flowers and clustering. As I used these exercises in my classes, I noticedthat students were interested. They said more and wrote more. They enjoyed expressing their ideasand sharing them in groups. They were no longer passively waiting for the bell, but actively takingpart in the lesson. I find that creativity can act as a way to increase participation and improvefluency.Creativity has become a popular word in recent years. Scholars in arts, psychology,business, education and science are all working to get a deeper understanding of it. Robert J.Sternberg is a creativity specialist and Yale professor of psychology. He defines creativity as "theability to produce work that is both new (original) and appropriate (applicable to the situation)".This definition is useful, as we want our students to use language in a new way and to use itcorrectly and properly. Most scholars say there are two types of creativity: big "C" creativity andsmall "c" creativity. Big "C" creativity refers to genius level thinking that results in artistic masterpieces and scientific breakthroughs. Small "c" creativity refers to everyday level thinkingthat can be used in any situation. Our emphasis is on the latter. While it goes without sayingthat any of our students could go on to be the next Picasso or Edison, our aim is to help students produce more ideas and use language in a new way.23. The underlined words "waiting for the bell" in the first paragraph probably meansA. longing for a phone callB. hoping to have a bellC. expecting the end of the classD. waiting to speak in the class24. It can be inferred from the passage that the author thinks the exercises in the book were.A. popularB. usefulC. scientificD. creative25. When you use a familiar word in a new way, you are________________ .A.creative in the sense of big "C" creativityB.creative in the sense of small "c" creativityC.showing the sense of big "C" creativityD.not creative in the sense of small "c"creativity26. The main purpose of the passage is to_______________ .A. show how useful the book isB. explain what creativity isC. discuss how one can be creativeD. tell what creativity aims atKeys:CDBB（D）1.Growing numbers of foreigners are showing a desire to learn the Chinese language, according to the latest official statistics. It is estimated that the number coming to China to learn the language has maintained an average annual growth rate of 35 per cent, over the past few years.China's continuous economic expansion and the strengthening of its trade and business ties with the rest of the world have been behind the interest in learning Chinese. These kinds of business engagements have in turn sparked a huge demand for professional employees in foreign countries with a good command of Chinese.3.The trend is more evident among some of China's largest trading partners, particularly Japan, the United States, the Republic of Korea and some nations in Southeast Asia. " I think good knowledge of Chinese can help me secure a good job back in my country as there is a growing number of companies setting up operations in China," said a 24-year-old female student of Peking University who comes from South Korea. She added that a certificate of the Chinese Proficiency Test, or Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi (HSK) , is important when seeking a job in a large foreign trade company in South Korea.The HSK test began in Beijing in 1988. It is a national, standardized test designed to assess foreign students' command of Chinese. So far, the Office of the State Commission for the Chinese Proficiency Test has set up 44 testing centres in 27 cities in China, including Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, and 55 centres in 24 other countries in Asia, Europe, the Americas and Oceania. Since 1991, a total of 380,000 people from 120 countries have taken the test in those centres, said Vice-Minister of Education Zhang Xinsheng."The Chinese language as well as Chinese culture and other languages and cultures —has played a tremendous role in developing human civilization and pushing forward social progress.” Zhang said. " Hopefully the exchange of languages can help enhance understanding and friendship between peoples of different countries," he added.Keys: DBCAE。