good_过去分词作定语和表语

= the book which was recommended by Jack
3. the machines produced last year
= the machines which were produced last year
Practice: 把过去分词做定语改为定语从句 1） The question discussed was very important. = The question ________________________ was which had been discussed very important. 注：本句中的过去分词作定语，既表被 动又表完成。
二、过去分词作表语的位置
过去分词作表语，通常放在系动词的后面
Eg: Everyone present is excited at his speech. You seem frightened.
系动词
1. 最常见的是： be 2. 感官类： feel, smell, sound, look, taste,
1. So many thousands of terrified people died.
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定语 2. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. 定语 表语 3. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 定语
3. 变化类： turn , become, fall ,get, go, grow,
4. 似乎类： appear, seem
5. 保持类： remain, , stay, keep, ……………..
注意：过去分词作表语，构成的系表结 构与被动语态的区别： 过去分词作表语，强调特点或状态； 而被动语态中，强调动作。 e.g.：This shop is now closed．
这家商店现在已经关门了。(状态) This shop is closed at 6 pm everyday． 这家商店每天6点关门。(动作）
三、 过去分词与现在分词做表语的区别
ing作表语与-ed作表语有何区别？ 1. The result of the test is disappointing. I feel disappointed with the result of the test
2. The story is very interesting . He is interested in the book. 3. The result is quite surprising ! I am surprised at what he said.
归纳：V-ing 形式表示“令人……的”
语
名称 不定 式 动名 词 现在 分词 过去 主语 √ √ 宾 语 √ √ √
法
表语 √
功
能
宾语 定语 状语 补足 语 √ √ √ √
√ √
√ √
√ √
√ √
时态：完成 语态：被动
1.作状语 2.作定语 3.作表语 4.作补语
过 去 分 词
具有形容词和副词的特征
课文原句：想一想划线的过去分词充当什么成分

V-ed 形式表示“某人感到……的
归纳：V-ing 形式表示“令人……的”
V-ed 形式表示“某人感到……的 常见的这类词有：
Translation:
1. 丢了钱他困惑不已。 got puzzled He ______________ about losing the money.
解析：答案B。此处考查过去分词作后置 定语，3M与know之间是被动关系，故用过 去分词表示被动。
高考链接
A 2. The disc, digitally ________ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded 解析：答案A。此处考查过去分词作后置 定语，disc与record之间是被动关系，故 用过去分词表示。
一枚用过的邮票
一个受伤的手指 一枚破损的硬币 一支点燃的蜡烛
注意：a. 过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义。
spoken English written exercises
fallen leaves the risen sun a returned student a retired teacher an escaped prisoner
三、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别
现在分词：主动和／或正在进行
过去分词：被动和／或完成
There are 220 children studying in the art school.
The experience gained will be of great value to us.
过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别：
2、你为什么总是看上去很疲劳？这些日子睡得 好吗？ look so tired Why do you always _____________ ? Do you sleep well these days?
高考链接
B 4. The flowers _______ sweet in the botanical garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 解析：答案B。此处为现在分词作定语， 修饰flowers。smell为系动词，不能用于 被动语态，相当于which/that smells sweet。
英语口语 书面练习
落叶 升起来的太阳 一名留学生 一名退休教师 一名逃跑的囚犯
b. 少 数 表 示 位 移 或 状 态 改 变 的 不 及 物 动 词 的 过去分词只有完成的意义
想一想
什么时候用前置定语？
什么时候用后置定语？
单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的 名词前
过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词 后面
二、过去分词作定语的位置
a.单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名
词或代 词前面
一颗破碎的心
a broken heart a lost dog
丧家之犬
已升起的太阳
a risen sun
a broken glass
被打破的玻璃杯
b. 过去分词短语作定语：通常后置，其作用 相当于定语从句。
1. People exposed to cholera = people who were exposed to cholera 2. the book recommended by Jack
1. 过去分词做定语的含义 2. 过去分词做定语的位置 3. 过去分词与现在分词做定语的区别 4. 高考链接
一、过去分词作定语的含义 eg：a lost animal a used stamp an injured finger a broken coin a lighted candle
1、过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义。 一只迷路的动物
Keys: 1. lying 2.selling 3. brought 4. respected
四、高考链接
1. Linda worked for the Minnesota
Manufacturing and Mining Company, B as 3M. ______ A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known
2） The United States is a developed country. = The United Stated is a country which has developed ______________________ .
注：本句中的过去分词作定语，只表示完成。
3）Nine out of ten women interviewed about the product said they liked it.
1. 过去分词做表语的含义 2. 过去分词做表语的位置 3. 过去分词与现在分词做表语的区别
一、 过去分词做表语的含义
过去分词（短语）作表语时，其作用相当于adj., 说明的是主语的状态
All the windows are broken. All hope is gone. This article is well written. He appeared more satisfied with my work.
Nine out of ten women who were interviewed about the product said they liked it.
注：本句中的过去分词作定语，只表示被动。
过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定 语，前后常有逗号。 Some of them, （who were) born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train. 他们当中有一些人，生长在农村，从 未见过火车。
Great scientists
过去分词做定语和表语
实意动词/行为动词(vt./vi) run sing learn say write
动 词
谓语动词
连系动词 am is are was were look sound seem get turn 助动词 do does did have has will 情态动词 can may must need dare 不定式 ( to do )
a drowning man
a drowned man
falling leaves
快要淹死的人 已经淹死的人
正在飘落的树叶 落叶
fallen leaves
a retired worker
退休工人 an escaped prisoner 逃犯
1.Do you know the boy ____(lie) under the big tree? 2. The woman _____(sell) vegetables has gone. 3.The wheat is watered by water _____(bring) from a pond. 4. He is a leader________ (respect) by the people.
非谓语动词
动名词 ( V-ing )
分词 ( V-ing / V-ed )
非谓语动词使用条件 一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）, 又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。 She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.
the changing world the changed world boiling water boiled water a developing country a developed country
（正在变化的） （变化了的） （正在沸腾的） （已经沸腾过的） (发展中的) （发达的）
高考链接
3. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases D _______ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known 解析：答案D。know与words，expressions， phrases构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示 被动。