good_过去分词作定语和表语
【英语知识点】过去分词的五种用法
【英语知识点】过去分词的五种用法过去分词是分词的一种,规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加ed构成。
用法有:1、过去分词作表语;2、过去分词作定语;3、过去分词作状语;4、过去分词作宾语补足语;5、with+宾语+过去分词结构。
过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:过去分词作表语,主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示动作。
(1)The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday.茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被动语态,表示动作)(2)The library is now closed.图书馆关门了。
(过去分词作表语)过去分词表示被动或完成,-ing形式表示主动或进行.有些动词如interest,bore,worry,surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,用-ing形式来修饰物.(3)The book is interesting and I'm interested in it.这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣。
作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词.及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成。
1.过去分词用作定语,如果是单个的,常置于其所修饰的名词之前.We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况.2.过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,其意义相当于一个定语从句,但较从句简洁,多用于书面语中.The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功.3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号。
The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, weled the great hero.他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会,到会的有五千多人.4.用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物,这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人,但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关.The boy looked up with a pleased expression.男孩带着满意的表情举目而视。
过去分词作定语用法
之老阳三干创作过去分词作定语用法(Past Participles Used as Attributes)过去分词作定语, 在语态上, 表主动;在时间上, 暗示举措已经发生或完成, 与它所修饰的名词有逻辑(意义)上的动宾关系.过去分词作定语时, 所修饰的名词在逻辑上相当于主动句中的主语, 过去分词相当于谓语.过去分词作定语暗示举措在谓语举措之前发生, 已经完成并具有主动意义.有时也不暗示时间性.作定语的过去分词一般由及物动词变来, 因为只有及物动词才有主动意义.例如:He is a teacher loved by his students. 他是个很受学生敬爱的老师.也有用不及物动词的过去分词作定语的情况, 一般作前置定语, 它不暗示主动意义, 只暗示主动意义, 强调举措完成.不能像及物动词的过去分词那样放在名词后面作定语.例如:fallen leaves 落叶retired workers 退休工人the risen sun 升起的太阳注意下面过去分词作定语的几种情况:1. 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前.例如:We needed much more qualified workers. 我们需要更多的合格的工人.My friend is a returned student. 我的朋友是个归国的留学生.单个分词也可以作后置定语, 用以强调举措.例如:They decided to change the material used. 他们决定更换使用的资料.2. 过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面, 作后置定语,其作用相当于一个定语从句.例如:The student dressed in white is my daughter.=The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.)穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿.3. 如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one 所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时, 即使一个单一的分词作形容词用, 也要放在被修饰词的后面.例如:Is there anything unsolved? 还有没解决的问题吗?There is noting changed here since I left this town.自从我离开这个城镇以来, 几乎没有什么变动.4. 单个过去分词前加一名词或副词, 经常使用连字符将它们连接起来构成一个复合形容词, 放在其修饰的名词前, 作前置定语.分词前加的名词暗示分词的举措或行为主体, 所加的副词暗示方式、时间、水平、性质等意义.例如:This is a state-owned factory. 这是一家国营工厂.This is our school-run factory. 这是我们的校办工厂.5. 作前置定语的某些动词的过去分词的形式与作谓语或表语的过去分词的形式往往纷歧样.例如:原形用作定语的过去分词用作表语或谓语的过去分词drink drunken drunklight lighted light/ litmelt melted meltedsink sunken sunkWe lit the candle and the candle lit up the room. 我们点着蜡烛, 蜡烛照亮房间. There is a lighted candle on the table. 桌上有一支点着的蜡烛.过去分词作宾补的用法过去分词在句子中可作表语、定语、状语、补语(主补、宾补)等.下面就过去分词作宾补的用法作一总结.一、能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类:1. 暗示感觉或心理状态的动词.如:see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等.(1) I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌.(2)He found his hometown greatly changed. 他发现他的家乡变动很年夜.2. 暗示“致使”意义的动词.如:have, make, get, keep, leave等.(3)I'll have my hair cut tomorrow.明天我要理发.(4)He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了.(5)Don't leave those things undone.要把那些事情做完.3. 暗示“希望”、“要求”意义的动词.如:like, order, want, wish等.(6)I would like this matter settled at once. 我希望此事立刻获得解决.(7)I wish my homework finished before five o'clock. 我希望5点前完成我的作业.二、过去分词作宾补暗示的意义.1. 过去分词作宾补暗示主动关系, 其举措先于谓语举措.如例句(1), 过去分词sung的举措显然先于谓语举措heard;例句(2), 过去分词changed的举措显然先于谓语举措found.2. 过去分词作宾补时, 过去分词所暗示的举措一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系.如例句(4), 动宾关系是pull out his tooth;例句(6), 动宾关系是settle this matter.三、过去分词作宾补时, 要注意几种情况.1. 使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况.第一, 过去分词所暗示的举措由他人完成.如:He had his money stolen.他的钱给偷了.(被他人偷去了)第二, 过去分词所暗示的举措由句中的主语所经历.如:He had his leg broken.他的腿断了.(自己的经历)2. 过去分词在原句中作宾补时, 如果原句酿成主动语态, 那么过去分词就在新句中作主补了.如:The big fire is reported controlled.据报道这场年夜火已经获得控制.The meeting roomwas found thouroughly cleaned and everything arranged in good order.人们发现会议室被完全清扫了, 一切都安插得井井有条.。
g 过去分词作表语和定语
过去分词作表语和定语山东省日照市东港区南湖中心初中刘锐276817rzliurui@ rzliurui2010@一、过去分词作表语1)过去分词常在系动词后面作表语,例如:One quarter of the shores of the Mediterranean are polluted.(见课文)He must be lost.(见课文)He seems disappointed.当过去分词作表语时,它和主语之间存在被动关系。
例如在One quarter of the shores of the Mediterranean are polluted.这个句子中,显然有“海岸被污染”的含义,也就是说,shore和polluted构成被动的逻辑关系。
但是过去分词作表语只表示一种状态,而被动语态却表示具体的被动动作。
比较:The glass is broken. (表语;表示状态)The glass was broken by Tom. (被动语态;表示具体动作)Thank heavens! The boy is saved. (表语;表示状态)The boy was saved by a young farmer.(被动语态;表示具体动作)2)很多作表语的过去分词几乎已经变成了形容词,例如:Interested (感兴趣的),excited (激动的),tired (疲劳的),surprised (惊讶的),disappointed(失望的),drunk(醉的),pleased(高兴的),worried(忧虑的),experienced(有经验的),satisfied(满意的),decided(确定的),unmarried(未婚的)等等。
这些过去分词中,很多都用来描写人们的心情、感觉等方面的状况。
例如:The teacher was pleased with what he had done.Are you disappointed at the result of the game?二、过去分词作定语1)当过去分词作定语时,它和被修饰名词之间一般说来构成被动关系。
过去分词作表语,定语,宾语补足语及状语
过去分词作表语,定语,宾语补足语及状语一.过去分词作表语1.表语:系动词后面的部分;e.g. He is a good student.That sounds good.2.过去分词作表语(1)用法:一般用来表示感受或状态(系动词+ 过去分词)e.g. No wonder he is excited!(2)可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有:delighted, disappointed,upset, astonished, excited, frightened, experienced, interested, qualified, puzzled, exhausted, satisfied3.用所给词的适当形式填空:(1) But he became ________(inspire)when he thought about helping ordinary people.(2) He got__________ (interest)in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.(3) Neither its cause, nor its cure was __________(understand).(4) He got ______________(blame) about losing the money.(5) The painter looked so _____(tire) after working for a whole day.(6) I was ___________ (disappoint)with the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.(7) Everybody was _________(shock)to hear of the death of thefamous film star.(8) Everybody is really _______(excite) about the new Olympic stadiums.(9) His wound became _______ (infect)with a new virus.(10) They were ________(prepare) to accept my idea.(11) I’ll be _________(interest) to know how they mad the wonderful fireworks.(12) The mayor said that he was _______ (worry)about the _________(continue) rise of the water level in the river bed.(13) Most of the newspaper seems to be _________ (concern)with pop stars.(14) He was _________ (frighten)of going alone into the empty house.二.过分去分词作定语1 过去分词的形式: done2过去分词的用法:一般表示完成的、被动的动作。
过去分词做定语 表语的用法
动词过去分词(done)做定语表语过去分词(the Past Participle )是非谓语动词的一种重要形式,其用法很广泛。
在句中作定语、表语、状语和宾语补足语等。
一、作定语一般来说,过去分词含有"完成"和"被动"的双重意义。
如:boiled water (凉开水); fallen leaves (落叶); the risen sun (升起的太阳);spoken English (英语口语);iced beer(冰镇啤酒);cooked food (熟食);fried chips (炸土豆条)等。
The tall man is a returned student. 高个子的那个人是个归国留学生。
My parents are both retired teachers. 我的父母都是退休教师。
●单个的过去分词作定语时,一般放在被修饰词之前(如上例),也可后置。
例如:Hurry up, there is only a little time left. 快点,时间不多了。
●如果是过去分词短语作定语一般放在被修饰词之后。
如:The water and air polluted by this factory are harmful to people's health.The boy injured in the earthquake is afraid of fire.●作定语时,功能相当于一个定语从句。
例如:Near the window, there is a bookshelf filled with many books (=which is filled with many books). 靠近窗户,有一个被装满书的书架。
Most of the students invited to the garden party (=who were invited to the garden party) came from our school. 大部分被邀请参加游园会的学生来自于我们的学校。
五动名词现在分词过去分词Ving结构
attempt, begin, continue, forget, remember, hate, learn, like, love, prefer, need, regret, start, stop, try, want
作主语 Learning without practice is no good. 作主语时有时用it引导的形式主语。 It is no good learning without practice. It is worthwhile discussing the question again.
动名词、现在分词 (V+ing结构)
一般地,Ving 结构作主语、表语、动词宾语、 介词宾语、前置定语时为动名词,后置定语、 状语时为现在分词。
动名词、现在分词 (V+ing结构)
动名词:既具有动词的性质,后可接宾语,可 用副词修饰语,又占据名词的位置,可作主语、 动词宾语、介词宾语和补语。
动名词、现在分词 (V+ing结构)一
They began studying computer last week.
动名词、现在分词 (V+ing结构)四
1. remember, forget, regret Can’t you remember telling me the story last night? You must remember to tell him the news. I don’t regret telling her what I thought. 2. need, want The letter needs signing. =The letter needs to be
过去分词作定语,表语,宾语补足语
过去分词作定语过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。
从语法功能分析,过去分词兼有动词,形容词或副词的特性,可在句中充当定语,表语,宾语补足语或状语。
考点1. 过去分词作定语1.过去分词作定语的位置1)单个过去分词:一般情况下。
单个过去分词作前置定语,即放在所修饰词之前。
有时为了表示强调,也可放在所修饰词之后。
A watched pot never boils. 心急锅不开。
(谚语)Money spent is more than money earned。
花的钱比挣的钱多。
2)过去分词短语:过去分词短语往往作后置定语,即放在所修饰词之后。
This will be the best novel of its kind of ever written. 这部小说将是这类小说中写得最好的。
This is the soldier wounded in the battle. 这就是战斗中受伤的战士。
真题链接After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _______.A. providingB. providedC. have providedD. provide2.过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义1)及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成,即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受着,且该动作已经完成。
The question discussed yesterday. 昨天讨论的那个问题。
The person killed last year. 去年被杀的那个人。
2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成,不表示被动。
Autumn comes, and there are many fallen leaves in the yard. 秋天来了,院子里有许多落叶。
When I got up and went into the yard, I saw the risen sun. 当我起床并走进院子时,我看到太阳已经升起来了。
语法复习——非谓语动词(二)
一、过去分词
过去分词一般表示被动和完成意义,可在句子中作定语、状语、宾语补足语、表语。不及物动词的过去分词则表示主动和完成意义。
1.过去分词作定语的几种情况
(1)过去分词作定语,通常与所修饰的名词存在动宾关系,意义上相当于使用被动语态的定语从句。例:
他走进屋后,后面跟着一些孩子。(表示伴随状态)
(相当于…, and he was followed by some children.)
5.怎样使用过去分词独立结构作状语
如果过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致,分词就须带上自己的逻辑主语。过去分词独立结构由“名(代)词+过去分词”构成。过去分词独立结构作状语,分词的逻辑主语是分词动作的承受者。过去分词独立结构可作时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随状语等。例:
The injured man was taken to hospital.
那个受伤的人被送到了医院。
(the injured man=the man who were injured)
The letter posted yesterday will probably reach him the day after tomorrow.
(相当于Because he was lost in thought, …)
(3)Given enough time, he could do it better.
如果给他充足的时间,他可以做得更好。(表示条件)
(相当于If he was given enough time,…)
(4)He went into the house, followed by some children.
过去分词作定语和表语
过去分词作定语和表语过去分词作定语和表语过去分词是⾮谓语动词的⼀种形式,表⽰动作的被动和完成,在句中可做定语、状语、表语和宾语补⾜语。
这⾥主要讲解过去分词作定语和表语。
⼀、过去分词作定语1.过去分词作定语的位置(1)单个的过去分词作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词之前。
The broken clock should be repaired as soon as possible.这个坏了的钟表应该尽快修好。
The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.受伤的⼯⼈正在医院受到良好的照料。
(2)过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在被修饰的名词之后,它的作⽤想当与⼀个定语从句。
This will be the best novel of its kind ever written.这将是这类⼩说中写得最好的。
提醒:(1)有些单个的过去分词,在习惯上往往放在被修饰词后⾯。
There is little time left, let’s hurry up.剩余的时间不多了,我们赶快吧。
②过去分词修饰代词时,应置于被修饰词之后。
He is one of those invited.他是那些被邀请的⼈之⼀。
③有些过去分词作定语,前置和后置意义不同。
试⽐较:this is a used car.这是⼀辆旧车。
The method used is very efficient.所⽤的这个⽅法很有效。
2.过去分词作⾮限制性定语。
过去分词作⾮限制性定语,⽤来补充说明被修饰词的情况,前⾯常⽤逗号与被修饰的成分隔开。
A girl, dressed like a student,came in and sat beside me.⼀位学⽣打扮的⼥孩⾛进来,坐在我的旁边。
3.过去分词作定语时的意义不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表⽰动作已完成,不表⽰被动的意义;及物动词的过去分词作定语表⽰被动意义或已经完成的被动动作。
过去分词作定语从句语法
过去分词作定语从句语法过去分词作定语从句语法过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式,表示完成和被动的动作。
它在句子中可以充当表语、定语等成份。
下面是店铺整理的过去分词作定语从句语法相关内容。
一、过去分词作定语过去分词作定语有前置和后置两种情况。
1、前置定语单个的过去分词作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词之前,表示被动和完成意义。
A类:被动意义:an honored guest 一位受尊敬的客人The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.受伤的工人现正在医院受到良好的照料。
B类:完成意义:a retired teacher 一位退休的教师They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard.他们正在打扫院子里的落叶。
2、后置定语过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在被修饰的名词之后,它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
如:This will be the best novel of its kind ever written (=that has ever been written)。
这将是这类小说中写得最好的。
Who were the so-called guests invited (=who had been invited) to your party last night?昨晚被邀请参加你的晚会的那些所谓的'客人是谁呀?二、过去分词作表语作表语的过去分词主要来自及物动词,在主-系-表句型中,说明主语所处的一种状态。
其中系动词有包括be在内的多种形式。
如:You seem frightened.你看样子受了惊吓。
少数不及物动词(如go,come,set)的过去分词也能作表语,但它们不表示被动意义,只是表示动作完成。
如:They are gone for vacation.他们度假去了。
过去分词用法总结
过去分词用法总结过去分词是动词的另一种非限定形式,在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。
一、过去分词作定语1. 一般情况下,单个分词作前置定语,过去分词短语作后置定语。
如:a used car旧车,a playground built last year去年修建的一个操场。
2. 及物动词的过去分词表示“被动”和完成”。
Many people questioned refused to answer. 被问的许多人都拒绝回答。
Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title given to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection. 五人获得了“中国绿色人物奖”,这是一个颁给对环保有贡献的普通人物的奖项。
3. 不及物动词的过去分词作前置定语,只表示“完成”,不表示被动。
如:the risen sun已升起的太阳,fallen leaves落叶。
4. astonish, disappoint, encourage, excite, frighten, interest, move, please, puzzle, satisfy, surprise, tire等表示心理状态的动词的过去分词作定语,表示被修饰的词所具有的特征,意为“感到……的”。
(其现在分词表示所修饰的词本身所处的状态,意为“令人……的”)。
Mr. Smith, tired of the tiring speech, started to read a novel. 史米斯先生厌倦了乏味的演讲,开始读小说。
This is a boring lecture. 这是一个令人厌烦的报告。
The excited children couldn't go to sleep all night long.这些兴奋的孩子整个晚上无法入睡。
非谓语动词中过去分词作表语,定语和宾补的用法
过去分词作宾补时,要注意几种情况。
1.使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况。
1)过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。
eg. He had his money stolen. 他的钱给偷了。(被别人偷去了) 2)过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历。分词作定语时与定语从句的关系 2.部分不及物动词的过去分词作定语时可改为动词为完成式或动 词为表示状态的定语从句。
a returned soldier - a soldier who has returned
retired workers - workers who have retired a learned man - a man who is of much learning a sunken ship - a ship which has sunk
人们发现会议室被彻底打扫了,一切都布置得井井有条。
巩固练习 单项填空
1.Prices of daily goods _____ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought C. been bought players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played bought B. bought D. buying
三. 过去分词作宾补
2.表示“致使”意义的动词。如:have, make, get, keep, leave等。 eg. 1)I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发。 2)He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。 3)Don’t leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完。 过去分词作宾补表示的意义: 过去分词作宾补时,过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑 上的动宾关系。如例句(4),动宾关系是pull out his tooth;例句 (6),动宾关系是settle this matter。
过去分词作表语和作定语的用法区别
过去分词作表语和作定语的用法区别过去分词作表语和作定语的用法区别一、注意分清过去分词应前置还是后置一般情况下,单个过去分词作定语通常应该放在被修饰名词之前。
比如This part of the exam requires a written answer. 这部份考题需要书面作答。
Women are limited to the more poorly paid jobs. 女性仅限于做一些薪水较低的工作。
但过去分词短语作定语的话,要放在被修饰名词之后。
比如There is a red car parked outside the house. 房子外边停着一辆红色汽车。
The system used in this school is very successful. 这学校使用的系统很成功。
注意,有时一个过去分词可以在它修饰的词后作定语。
这种情况多是由于特殊原因,比如过去分词修饰的名词或代词可能不适合被介词定语修饰,或者说话人是为了强调动作的时间性,平衡句子结构。
比如The experience gained will be of great value to us. 取得的经验对我们将很有价值。
We couldn’t agree on any of the problems discussed. 我们未能就所讨论的任何问题达成协议。
二、注意分清用过去分词还是现在分词有些成对使用的过去分词和现在分词(如interested与interesting),从用法上看,它们虽然是分词的形式,但具有形容词的特点,都可用作表语和定语,注意它们在用法上的区别:过去分词通常用于说明人自身的感受,通常译为“(人)感到……的”;而现在分词则通常用于说明事物给人的感受,通常译为“令人感到……的”。
如:Interested members will meet at two. 感兴趣的会员两点钟碰头。
The English language has an interesting history. 英语有一段有趣的历史。
过去分词用法详解
过去分词的用法一、构成:规则动词的过去分词是有动词原形+ed构成的,不规则动词则有各自构成。
二、基本特点:过去分词在句子中的基本用法有两点:1.与逻辑主语之间是被动关系2.表示完成的动作三、过去分词的用法:1.作表语:过去分词作表语时,一般同时具备被动与完成的含义例如:(1)The cup isbroken. (2)He isretired. (3)After running,he istired.【注意】过去分词作表语时,已经变成形容词性质,主要表示主语的状态(被动完成),而被动语态则表示动作.例如:(1) The cupwas brokenby my little sister yesterday.茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被动语态,表示动作)(2)The cup is nowbroken.茶杯碎了.(过去分词作表语,表示状态)【注意】有些动词如interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,表示''感到……〃用-ing形式来修饰物,表示〃令人……〃例如:The book isinterestingand I'minterestedin it.这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣.2.做定语作定语用的过去分词其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词.及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成.1)单一过去分词作定语,常置于其所修饰的名词之前,称作前置定语。
例如:We must adapt our thinking to thechangedconditions.我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况.2)过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,相当于一个定语从句,称作后置定语。
1 /11例如:The concertgiven by their friendswas a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功.3)过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号.例如:The meeting,attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero.4)用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以修饰与人有关的表情,面貌,举止行为以及感觉等,这时不能用v-ing形式例如:The boy looked up with apleasedexpression.Hissatisfiedlook showed that he had passed this exam.3.作状语作状语的过去分词在句子中多表示被动和完成两重含义。
初中英语过去分词作定语和宾语补足语精讲
tired visitors
a well-organised trip
beautifully dressed stars
The disease was caused by polluted water.
We finished the run in less than half the time allowed.
The river polluted by daily waste is now dirty and smelly.
He is one of those invited.
2.过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语,即放在被修饰词之后。
visitors tired of the long wait
a trip organised well by my workplace
stars dressed beautifully at the event
初中英语过去分词作定语和宾语补足语精讲
过去分词一般表示完成的和被动的动作。规则动词的过去分词由动词原形加-ed构成;不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的构成规则。过去分词一般在句子中可以用作定语、宾语补足、表语和状语,但不能单独作谓语。
一.过去分词作定语的用法
1.一般情况下,单个过去分词作前置定语,即放在被修饰词之前。
good 过去分词作定语和表语
非谓语动词
动名词 ( V-ing )
分词 ( V-ing / V-ed )
非谓语动词使用条件 一个句子当中,已经存在一个主句(谓语动词), 又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。 She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.
高考链接
B 4. The flowers _______ sweet in the botanical garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 解析:答案B。此处为现在分词作定语, 修饰flowers。smell为系动词,不能用于 被动语态,相当于which/that smells sweet。
语
名称 不定 式 动名 词 现在 分词 过去 主语 √ √ 宾 语 √ √ √
法
表语 √
功
能
宾语 定语 状语 补足 语 √ √ √ √
√ √
√ √
√ √
√ √
时态:完成 语态:被动
1.作状语 2.作定语 3.作表语 4.作补语
过 去 分 词
具有形容词和副词的特征
课文原句:想一想划线的过去分词充当什么成分
二、过去分词作表语的位置
过去分词作表语,通常放在系动词的后面
Eg: Everyone present is excited at his speech. You seem frightened.
系动词
高考英语 语法系列之过去分词不定式知识点分析
英语语法系列之过去分词【知识梳理】1. 定义:动词的-ed分词即过去分词,是由动词的过去分词构成,一般只有一种形式。
2. 过去分词的语法作用:过去分词一方面具有动词的性质,另一方面也相当于一个形容词或副词,在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。
1) 过去分词作表语,主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。
如:Don’t touch the glass because it is broken.不要碰那个杯子,它是坏的。
He is quite pleased with the design of the dress. 她很喜欢那礼服的式样。
2) 过去分词做定语:单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面,相当于一个定语从句。
如:The excited people rushed into the building. 激动的人们奔进了大楼。
过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面,相当于一个定语从句。
Is there anything planned for tomorrow? 明天有什么活动吗?过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语,前后用逗号隔开。
如:The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success.这次会议获得很大的成功,共有一千个学生出席了。
3) 过去分词做状语:过去分词和-ing分词作状语一样,也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
①表时间,相当于一个时间状语从句,有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。
如:Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden. 从山顶上看,这个城市就像一个大花园。
②表原因,相当于一个原因状语从句。
如:Deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other. 激动的人们被那个故事深深地感动了,停止了争吵。
高中英语过去分词用法详解
3. Well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.
→Because he was well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures., 且与主语 之间存在着被动关系。过去分词作 状语可表时间、原因、 让步、 结果、 方式、 条件等。
观察下列的句子:
Once published, his works (=Once his works was published, ) became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.
3) If _tr_a_p_p_e_d_ in a burning building, you should send for help. 4) Although _s_h_o_t in the leg, he continued firing at the police.
二、过去分词作定语 过去分词作定语与其所修饰的词之间
B. Seen
4. 从太空看, 宇航员看不到长城。
__A__ from the space, the astronaut
can not discover the Great Wall.
A. Seeing
B. Seen
Difference between the Present Participle and the Past Participle _U_s_e_d_for a long time, the book looks old. 由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去很旧. _U_s_i_n_g_ the book, I find it useful. 在使用的过程中,我发现这本书很有用. _L_o_o_k_i_n_g_ at her, he jumped with joy. _L_o_o_k_e_d_at by her, he jumped with joy.
英语语法——过去分词作定语和表语
Past Participle
—— 过去分词(v+ed) 表被动/完成 及物动词vt.:被动+完成——polluted river 不及物动词vi.:完成——fallen leaves
过去分词作定语和表语
The Past Participle as Attribute and Predicative
基本句式
基本句式
主谓 I cry/run. 主谓宾 I play basketball.
句子必定有谓语
一个句子一个谓语
主系表 I am a student.
She asks me a question., stands in front of me.
P.P as Attribute
Exercise
把句子转化成定语从句: (1) It came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. It came from the river which was polluted by the dirty water from London. (2) Zhong Nanshan awarded Medal of the Republic on September 8th did great contribution in the fight with Covid-19. Zhong Nanshan who was awarded Medal of the Republic on September 8th did great contribution in the fight with Covid-19.
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高考链接
A 2. The disc, digitally ________ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded 解析:答案A。此处考查过去分词作后置 定语,disc与record之间是被动关系,故 用过去分词表示。
二、过去分词作定语的位置
a.单个的过去分词作定语时,位于它所修饰的名
词或代 词前面
一颗破碎的心
a broken heart a lost dog
丧家之犬
已升起的太阳
a risen sun
a broken glass
被打破的玻璃杯
b. 过去分词短语作定语:通常后置,其作用 相当于定语从句。
1. People exposed to cholera = people who were exposed to cholera 2. the book recommended by Jack
3. 变化类: turn , become, fall ,get, go, grow,
4. 似乎类: appear, seem
5. 保持类: remain, , stay, keep, ……………..
注意:过去分词作表语,构成的系表结 构与被动语态的区别: 过去分词作表语,强调特点或状态; 而被动语态中,强调动作。 e.g.:This shop is now closed.
Great scientists
过去分词做定语和表语
实意动词/行为动词(vt./vi) run sing learn say write
动 词
谓语动词
连系动词 am is are was were look sound seem get turn 助动词 do does did have has will 情态动词 can may must need dare 不定式 ( to do )
the changing world the changed world boiling water boiled water a developing country a developed country
(正在变化的) (变化了的) (正在沸腾的) (已经沸腾过的) (发展中的) (发达的)
1. 过去分词做定语的含义 2. 过去分词做定语的位置 3. 过去分词与现在分词做定语的区别 4. 高考链接
一、过去分词作定语的含义 eg:a lost animal a used stamp an injured finger a broken coin a lighted c和完成的意义。 一只迷路的动物
a drowning man
a drowned man
falling leaves
快要淹死的人 已经淹死的人
正在飘落的树叶 落叶
fallen leaves
a retired worker
退休工人 an escaped prisoner 逃犯
1.Do you know the boy ____(lie) under the big tree? 2. The woman _____(sell) vegetables has gone. 3.The wheat is watered by water _____(bring) from a pond. 4. He is a leader________ (respect) by the people.
2、你为什么总是看上去很疲劳?这些日子睡得 好吗? look so tired Why do you always _____________ ? Do you sleep well these days?
Keys: 1. lying 2.selling 3. brought 4. respected
四、高考链接
1. Linda worked for the Minnesota
Manufacturing and Mining Company, B as 3M. ______ A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known
高考链接
B 4. The flowers _______ sweet in the botanical garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 解析:答案B。此处为现在分词作定语, 修饰flowers。smell为系动词,不能用于 被动语态,相当于which/that smells sweet。
2. The story is very interesting . He is interested in the book. 3. The result is quite surprising ! I am surprised at what he said.
归纳:V-ing 形式表示“令人……的”
V-ed 形式表示“某人感到……的
归纳:V-ing 形式表示“令人……的”
V-ed 形式表示“某人感到……的 常见的这类词有:
Translation:
1. 丢了钱他困惑不已。 got puzzled He ______________ about losing the money.
这家商店现在已经关门了。(状态) This shop is closed at 6 pm everyday. 这家商店每天6点关门。(动作)
三、 过去分词与现在分词做表语的区别
ing作表语与-ed作表语有何区别? 1. The result of the test is disappointing. I feel disappointed with the result of the test
二、过去分词作表语的位置
过去分词作表语,通常放在系动词的后面
Eg: Everyone present is excited at his speech. You seem frightened.
系动词
1. 最常见的是: be 2. 感官类: feel, smell, sound, look, taste,
英语口语 书面练习
落叶 升起来的太阳 一名留学生 一名退休教师 一名逃跑的囚犯
b. 少 数 表 示 位 移 或 状 态 改 变 的 不 及 物 动 词 的 过去分词只有完成的意义
想一想
什么时候用前置定语?
什么时候用后置定语?
单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的 名词前
过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词 后面
1. 过去分词做表语的含义 2. 过去分词做表语的位置 3. 过去分词与现在分词做表语的区别
一、 过去分词做表语的含义
过去分词(短语)作表语时,其作用相当于adj., 说明的是主语的状态
All the windows are broken. All hope is gone. This article is well written. He appeared more satisfied with my work.
Nine out of ten women who were interviewed about the product said they liked it.
注:本句中的过去分词作定语,只表示被动。
过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定 语,前后常有逗号。 Some of them, (who were) born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train. 他们当中有一些人,生长在农村,从 未见过火车。
2) The United States is a developed country. = The United Stated is a country which has developed ______________________ .
注:本句中的过去分词作定语,只表示完成。
3)Nine out of ten women interviewed about the product said they liked it.
三、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别
现在分词:主动和/或正在进行
过去分词:被动和/或完成
There are 220 children studying in the art school.
The experience gained will be of great value to us.
过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别:
一枚用过的邮票
一个受伤的手指 一枚破损的硬币 一支点燃的蜡烛
注意:a. 过去分词作定语时,有时只有被动意义。
spoken English written exercises
fallen leaves the risen sun a returned student a retired teacher an escaped prisoner
语
名称 不定 式 动名 词 现在 分词 过去 主语 √ √ 宾 语 √ √ √
法
表语 √
功
能
宾语 定语 状语 补足 语 √ √ √ √
√ √
√ √
√ √
√ √
时态:完成 语态:被动
1.作状语 2.作定语 3.作表语 4.作补语
过 去 分 词