矢量网络分析的基本原理 应用指南

Linear network
Time
Time
Magnitude
Frequency 㟰 3. 㦐㢭㚞㊷龜☨⍐⪇
0º
–180º –360º
Frequency
Frequency
4
Nonlinear networks
Saturation, crossover, intermodulation, and other nonlinear effects can cause signal distortion
Z L= '(open)
K = 10º
Smith chart
㟰 6. 㖱イ㙱㴘㟰
功率传送条件
⢖⛊㴚♋㾈㢜 Rs ⭆⡘㴾♋㾈㢜 RL 㖫ᱨ㢜十⯿㾎▙⤂龜║㚅☡⡘㴾ᱨ㵀儿⢔㋹ ⮔☨⻸Ⱗ╌⍄㩙〄㾃⹻㦛☨㊧㈨㝫⮔ᮣRL = RS 㖫ᱨ㣐⿥⬺⺆㗁㺓斗♋㫥㴚⪑㗁 㔠㊷㸡㦂⏒㴚ᱨⴋㅢ㖯㦆㸆㮥㝫⮔ ( 㟰 7)ᮣ
㵀㖱イ㙱㴘㟰㔋ᱨ⧽⛊♋㾈☨⥈⬹⍙㦆㢜㴘ᱨ✚⧽⛊♋ⶉ☨⥈⬹⍙㦆㢜㴘⩹ᮣ 㖱イ㙱㴘㟰㔋☨㾈ⶉ㽼㗁㺚⛶㚱ⶌ␖☨㴐⮔⫊㥥㟧☨㝎㩂㾈ⶉⱌ㨾⥅㮥⪇⨍☨ 㾈ⶉᱨ㟜⒋⛶㔠㊷⧧㢔⏒㥥㟧⹂㙭㝎㩂㾈ⶉ㗁 50 Ωᱨ✚⛶⤿⏏⧧㱸㦏♋㗍㥥㟧 㝎㩂㾈ⶉ㵘㢜 75 Ωᮣ⹻㦛☨㺷⛭㢭㲂㖱イ㙱㴘㟰☨㺲㨲ᮣ
+jX
0
+R '
–jX
0
Rectilinear impedance plane
㚜㐹㔠㊷㨳⧟⧧㢔⏒㨳⧟☨⏒⒌⏥㦐㟠ᱨ☏㴓⹻㗁㮥㬥☨ᮣ㠬鬼➶㣨㮱ㅢⲽ 㐵␌八㑩㔠ㅢ八ᮢ➔㔠ㅢ八⧧║㗞ㅢ八ᮣ⺋㑥ᱨ㵀║㗞㦏㔋➂㚅☨ㅢ八ᱨ㬄 ║㗞㦏➔㔠⪰➂㔠㴚☨ㅢ八 ( 㱱㲂㾈ⶉ㖡㈨ ) 㮾⭆㙫⺉☼║㚅㺣㺷⛭㽐㺥 ( 㑥㝢 㦏 ) ☨ㅢ八ᮣ
Lightwave analogy
Incident Reflected
Time
frequency shift (e.g. with mixers)
– additional frequencies created
(harmonics, intermodulation)
f1
Frequency
㟰 1. 㦏㩂㝎㸛⧧➧㦏㩂㝎㸛☨⌴Ⱓ
3
㢜十ⱌ㨾㦏㩂㣐㖡㸊☨║㗞ᱨ⌧␌㋹⮔ (DUT) 㵀㚱㮔㎳☨㸟⢔▞ⶽㅠᱨ㋦⟙⛪ 㦜㱎⍄㩙㊿㜯ᱨ✚㦐㢭㦜㱎⍄㩙⒲㦏㩂ᮣ㾗㢜⺋㽳ᱨ㣄わ⹂㫼ⳑ㵀ⲿ⥙▞㟜龠 ⏒㋹㖫⧆㱸⟁⡙⡽㊷➶八☨➝⏒㨳⧟ᱨ⡡▞㟜龠⏒㋹㮾⧶㨏☨㙝⮋㑁㫍⛊☨㊷ 龜㟜⥙ᱨ✚㟜▞㺐㠖☨㊷龜㵘㱸⏥㟠⒴⛪☨㙝⮋㾗㱫ᮣ
是德科技 矢量网络分析的基本原理
应用Fra Baidu bibliotek南
引言
㠬⿱➶㣨㗁㺚㔤⭜㺨㵒㑉㴗⧧㺨㵒⒏⭨⛶Ⱓ⡒㴹㥥㟧㺲㚱㱫㴐⮔⧧♋鬼☨♋㋺㩂 ㅢⱌ㨾␌八☨⥙⒴ᮣ☕㸆㨗㥥㟧║㚅⳱㱸㨳㥒ㅠ㑛☨㨳⧟㖫ᱨ㣄わ㾎⤴㨲☨㗁㑥 ⧨㮾㾎⡽㨕龜⧧㾎㨏㖡㸊㖳㨳⧟╹㮥╌║♁☡彐㮥╌ᮣ㖲八㠬⿱➶㣨㗁㟜⥙␌八 㴐⮔⛶㊷龜㓤グ⧧⤂龜㓤グ␌㗎㨳⧟☨⟙⛪㲓㦐㢭☨㱘㦜ᱨ⹂ⲽ㐵⍙㸛㴐⮔㝎㩂 ☨㮥㺸➝➈ᮣ
Smith chart maps rectilinear impedance plane onto polar plane
Polar plane
±180º
'
ZL = Zo
K= 0
ZL= 0 (short)
K = 1180º
90o
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0o
–90º
Constant X Constant R
㢜十㺖㨾⡓㗉ㅬ⍐⪓ᱨ㖫㲚⍙㸛㯊㩖㮔⟙⛪⧧㦐㢭㨳㥒ᮣ㟜⥙㦫ⓥ⤨㱸␌八㥥 㟧㣥␘☨㱘㦜⹂㝗⡽␌八ⲽ⛪☨㖲八㣥␘㩌㸡ᱨ㮜㩖㮔⟙⛪⧧㦐㢭㗷⳯⹂⯼⻮ 㱸㨕㣥␘ㄩ㨻ᮣ⭊㖳⛶㮥㨗⍖八␌八 ( 㑥⪰⏒㚨⧞ )ᱨ㢜十⫉☧⡽ⲽ⛪ᱨ㦐㢭␌ 八ㅢ⻲㮜㖨➶㺺㮔ᮣ
5
入射功率和反射功率的基本概念
㵀㠬⿱➶㣨☨⫑〉㨼㖷㺲ᱨ⊪⧆␌八㬄║㗞㦏㨾ⱌ☨㑩㔠⏒ᮢ➔㔠⏒⧧║㗞⏒ᮣ ⺉㱫⤾⏒⒌㾗㢜⹮⌴ᱨ☕⤾㟪㔠☡㮥⢔㟬タ☨㟬ⳇ㔋㖫 ( 㑩㔠ㅢ八 )ᱨ㮥⏩➶⤾ ╹㟬ⳇ⍙ギ➔㔠ᱨ☏▙⏩➶⤾⭢㩦㟜⥙㟬ⳇ ( ║㗞ㅢ八 )( 㟰 5)ᮣ㑲㟬ⳇ⳱㱸ⳇギᱨ 㵘▙⏩➶⤾⯿⌧➔㔠ᱨ㔕八⫊ゃ㱸㟜⥙㟬ⳇᮣ
Time
Time
Frequency 㟰 4. ➧㦏㩂⡮㔶㖡㸊
Frequency
➧㦏㩂㋹⮔㮜⪹㯧㑩㖡㸊 ( 㟰 4)ᮣ⺋㑥ᱨ☕➥▙㋹⌧⥙⬺⺆㖫ᱨ㱱㲂➥▙㋹⌑ ⧧✚㖳㗞ⓞ㨳⧟㦎⟙ᮣ㗞ⓞ㨳⧟⏥㴿㗁㮥⢔╥㸡☨㸡㦂㨳⧟ᱨ㴿㗞㑩㊷龜☨⢕ ⢔⌢㊷⒴㢭㺥╌▌㵀㨡⏒ᮣ㣐㴚㋹⮔㵀⡽⤂龜♋㊿㔋㮜⶙ㅢ⒲㦆➧㦏㩂㝎㸛ᮣ 㱸⤴㸆➝ギ☨㮥⢔㾎⭧⺋㽳㗁⺉㱫⳱㱸╫㨬♋⡮㋹☨ LC 龠⏒㋹ᮣ╫㩂⏮厶⒋ ⒋⒲㦆ⓞ⡽⛪➧㦏㩂☨㺯╫㨕㱎ᮣ
⡽㨕龜║㚅⤂龜㗁㟜㨳㥥㟧☨彐㮥⢔⫑〉㢼㝘ᮣ㢜十⡽㨕龜☼║㚅ᮢ➂㔠⫊Ⱗ 㗏㔠㊷⤂龜ᱨ㻐㑥║㗞㦏ᮢ㝢㦏⧧➥▙㋹㸆㬥㮥㨗㋹⮔⛞㩙⛶㨳⧟㴚⒲㦆ⓞ人 ⧝☨㾈ⶉ㊧㈨ᮣ☕儿⢔⻸Ⱗ㋹⮔㺐⭺☨☨㗞㑩㲓㗞ⓞ㾈ⶉ☨㖯⏩⧧㩗⏩⛞▕⏥ ☡⹻㦛㽔㜢㖫ᱨ⍏ⓞ㦆㾈ⶉ㖡㈨ᮣ
矢量测量的重要性
⛶⢕⢔➶八☨⟙⛪⧧㦐㢭ⱌ㨾␌八☨㺺㮔㩂㴚㲂㮾㥲⭎⢔㯜㚐ᮣ㗑㥸ᱨ㢜十㐩 ギ⍙㸛㦏㩂㠬⿱ᱨ㐵⌏㣐㖡㸊║㗞ᱨ☨㐵㩖㮔ⱌ㨾㸆儿㺸␌八ᮣ㋦╴ᱨ㢜十㔤 ⭜⡽㨕龜㊧㈨㠬⿱ᱨ⍄㩙␌八⡒㾈ⶉᮣ㾎⨍ᱨ⵺➂⭜㚛⫒⡆㻜⤀⒴ (CAE) ♋鬼 ➢㸊⒴㩠ㄩ㨻☨⤀⒴㖠㩖㮔⟙⛪⧧㦐㢭㗷⳯⹂ⱌ㨾ⲽ㐵ㄩㅨᮣ
⭊㖳龠⏒㋹⳱㱸㦏㩂㦐㢭㩂ㅢᱨ➝⏒☨▞㠖➶八㮜⯿㗖☡㙝⮋ᮣ㸆㖳〉⺋㺲☨ 㗞ⓞ㨳⧟㵀〉㺬㔋⢚⳱㸡㦂㗮㩂 ( 㟰 2)ᮣ
㑥⥗㵀ㄹ㮥龠⏒㋹㺲㟜⥙㦐㟠☨➝⏒㗞㑩㨳⧟ⱊ㵒⒱☾ 3 ╴㨡⏒☨㦐㢭☝㺥ᮢ ✚㢞Ⓘ㨡⏒⟙⛪⏥⍐ᱨ㵘㗞ⓞ⏒㨼⯿⢚⒲㦆ⓞ Ⓧ㝎㸛 ( 㟰 3)ᮣ㮥⊑⹂㙭ᱨ㸆 㺸㎩ⷆⱊ㗄㱫㲂〉⺋㺲☨龠⏒㋹ᱨ㗞ⓞ⏒㨼⯿㮪⳯⟙⛪⧧㦐㢭☨➧㦏㩂㎩ⷆ⒲ 㦆ⓞ㑌㯌㨼㖷☨㖡㸊ᮣ
Load power (normalized)
RS
RL
1.2 1
0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2
0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
RL / RS
Maximum power is transferred when RL = RS
For complex impedances, maximum power transfer occurs when ZL = ZS* (conjugate match) Zs = R + jX
㟰 5. ⤾⏒㲓⡽㊷㋹⮔㝎㸛☨⹮⌴
Transmitted
史密斯圆图
⛶㮥⢔㋹⮔ⱌ㨾⍙㸛㖫㚱➂㔶☨➔㔠▙㨏㐟ⴈ㲂㑩㔠㨳⧟᮰ⶄ☡☨᮱㾈ⶉᮣ㱱 㲂㑌⧨㾈ⶉ⛞ㅢ㱫㖯⏩⧧㩗⏩ (R+jX ⫊ G+jB) ⍙㖸ᱨ⤦⶙㮾⯿㚴わ⪾㺨㵀㚱㢯 ⡒㾈ⶉ㊿ギ☨㺓㦏㠬⿱㔋ᱨ㮯⧐☨㗁ᱨ⵺鬼 ( 㮥㺸⒋⮑☨㔠㊷㾈ⶉ )㵀㖯㻃㔋⍙ 㦆㢜㣐㦎▙ᱨ㯜✚㣐➈⍙㖸ⓞ⹂ᮣ
ZL = Zs* = R – jX
㟰 7. ⤂龜║㚅
Zo = characteristic impedance
Zs = Zo
of transmission line
Zo
Vinc
Vrefl = 0 (all the incident power is absorbed in the load) For reflection, a transmission line terminated in Zo behaves like an infinitely long transmission line
㦏㩂㋹⮔㖳㗞㑩㨳⧟␤㔶⟙⛪⧧㦐㢭⍐⪇ ( 㟰 1)ᱨ㵀㗞㑩⛭ⓞ㦆☨㑌⧨㸡㦂㎺ 㦏㮜⯿㮾㦐㟠㊷龜ⓞ㦆㵀㗞ⓞ⛭ᱨ✚⏥⪹㨼⒱㨰㨳⧟ᮣ㣐⿥㗁㱸㴚⫊㗁㣐㴚➧ 㦏㩂㋹⮔ᱨ⛞⶙ㅢ㖳㗞㑩㨳⧟☨㊷龜㊭⹹㴓⹂☨㢭㺥ᱨ⫊㵜⭩㋦㚴㊷龜➶八ᱨ 㑥㨡⏒㨳⧟⫊⭚㔶㨳⧟ᮣ⥙▙☨㗞㑩㨳⧟㟜⒋⪹㋊㖳㦏㩂㋹⮔ⱌ㑩㫥㚭⫊⌑⧧ 㽔㜢ᱨ╹✚㯧㋲➧㦏㩂⤀㾗ᮣ
are the same (no additional frequencies created)
– output frequency only undergoes magnitude and phase change
Nonlinear behavior
– output frequency may undergo
F(t) = sin wt + 1/3 sin 3wt + 1/5 sin 5wt
Time
Time
Linear network
Magnitude
Frequency 㟰 2. ⟙⛪㚞㊷龜☨⍐⪇
Frequency
Frequency
F(t) = sin wt + 1/3 sin 3wt + 1/5 sin 5wt
㟰 8. 㱫 Z0 ⛭Ⱗ☨║㗞㦏
8
☕║㗞㦏㺷⛭⛮鬼㖫 ( ⛮鬼⏥ㅢ㢞Ⓘ♋㫥ᱨ㯜✚⧞㓞⤂龜㢜工 )ᱨ➔㔠⏒㬄║ 㗞㦏➕⪰☡㨳⧟㴚 ( 㟰 9)ᮣ➔㔠♋㫥⏒☨▙㨏⍄㐹☬㲂㑩㔠♋㫥⏒ ; ✚㦐㢭㵀 ⡘㴾㊿ギ╌㵘㲓㑩㔠⏒㦐␘ 108°ᮣ➔㔠⏒㲓㑩㔠⏒☨▙㨏㦐☬ᱨ☏≢㦐➔➝ 㦢㨾ⱌᮣ
㑲║㗞㦏☨㺷⛭⵺鬼 ( ⵺鬼⏥ㅢ㢞Ⓘ♋斗 )ᱨ➔㔠♋斗⏒☨㦐㢭⯿㲓㑩㔠♋斗⏒ 㦐␘ 180°ᱨ✚➔㔠♋㫥⏒㵘㵀⡘㴾㊿ギ㔋㲓㑩㔠♋㫥⏒㟠㦐ᮣ㸆⍏⌏㺆㵀⵺鬼 ╌☨♋斗㢜 0ᮣ➔㔠♋斗⏒⧧㑩㔠♋斗⏒☨▙㨏㦐☬ᮢ☏≢㦐➔➝㦢ⱌ㨾ᮣ⛶ 㲂⛮鬼⧧⵺鬼儿㺸㎩ⷆᱨ㵀║㗞㦏㔋⛞⪹⯼⻮㽄⏒ᮣ♋㫥⤤㺗⯿㢜 0ᱨ✚♋㫥 ⟅㺗⯿㢜㑩㔠♋㫥♋㊿☨ 2 ⌢ᮣ
7
㵀Ⱓ⡽㊷龜㔋ᱨ⏒⒌㲓⡽㊷♋鬼㺲☠㝛☨⒌⛪㦐☕⫊㸃⢚㨏ᱨ✚⤂龜║㗞⶙㮾 㑍㢜㗁㮾㨾⏒➝㖷㖯㖣ᮣ☕║㗞㦏☨㺷⛭⡘㴾☬㲂㋦㝎㩂㾈ⶉ㖫ᱨ⍏㱸㾎▙⤂ 龜║㚅㺣⡘㴾ᮣ☕㺷⛭⡘㴾㲓㝎㩂㾈ⶉ⏥㦐☬㖫ᱨ㵘㢦⌧⡘㴾㣮㗏☨ㅍ⏩➶㨳 ⧟⯿⌧➔㔠⪰㨳⧟㴚ᮣ
㑲║㗞㦏☨㺷⛭⡘㴾☬㲂㋦㝎㩂㾈ⶉ㖫ᱨ⍏ゃ㱸➔㔠㨳⧟ᱨ㯜㢜㚱║㗞☨⤂龜 ⴋ⌧⡘㴾㣮㗏 ( 㟰 8)ᮣ⤷␖㔠㊷㨳⧟⊪⿱㚞║㗞㦏Ⳳ⹹☨⍐⪇⏌㢦➂㦆㽄⏒ᱨ 㸆㗁㯜㢜ゃ㱸➔㔠ᱨㅢ八㺝㵀㮥⢔➝㦢㔋斗⛑ᮣ
⭁㾘⍖㟰㱱㲂⊪⸶十㸟⢔㾈ⶉ㊿ギ㯜✚⳱㱸㺺㮔㖳㱫⭱㺗ᱨ㐹✚ᱨ㚴⏌⏥㺓Ⱗ ⪾ⓞ㾈ⶉ㎺㦏ᱨ✚㗁㮾㖲八㨼㖷㦄㖸ⓞ⡒➔㔠㥥㗷ᱨ㗄八☨▙㨏⛶㱎㲂Ⳳ㦄㖸 ㋹㺲㨲☨Ⳳ⹹ᱨ✚㦐㢭㵘㦄㖸㢜㖲八㦐⛶㲂╹㺲㨲☡㱺⍋㬄㙦㊿㺓㦏☨Ⱋ⛪ᮣ ⭁㾘⍖㟰☨㐯♇㗁⏥ㅢ㺓Ⱗ╹㦄㖸⛣㐟㾈ⶉ㺗ᮣ
6
㱱㲂⡒㾈ⶉ㲓➔㔠㥥㗷儿㸃㺐⭺㱸㮥㮥⛶㱎☨⤴㥥ᱨ⤦⡒㾈ⶉ㊿ギ☨㸡㖯⊙⏩ ➶⶙㮾㱛㔠☡⭁㾘⍖㦄㖸㔋ᮣⰵ⥗⍏㨼⒱十㖱イ㙱㴘㟰ᮣ㚱㱸♋ⶉ㺗⧧╹ 0 ☡ 㣐㦎▙☨㚱㱸㸡♋㾈㺗ⴋ⿮㵀㖱イ㙱㴘㟰ㅠ ( 㟰 6)ᮣ
㑲║㗞㷩㺷⛭Ⱗ㑩㊫㙭㮥⢔ 25 Ω ☨♋㾈㋹ᱨ☠㺤ⰽ㲂㐩㣮㗏⧧㐩➔㔠㺐⭺☨ 㽔㜢ᱨ㵘⏩➶㑩㔠⤂龜⌧㣮㗏ᱨ⏩➶㑩㔠⤂龜⌧➔㔠ᮣ➔㔠♋㫥⏒☨⟙⛪⯿㗁 㑩㔠⏒⟙⛪☨ 1/3ᱨ㎒儿㺸⏒㵀⡘㴾㊿ギ╌☨㦐㢭㦐␘ 180°ᮣ㽄⏒☨⤤㺗⏥㴿 㢜 0ᱨ✚⟅㺗㵘㨏㲂⛮鬼⧧⵺鬼㎩ⷆ☨⟅㺗ᮣ⟅㺗⧧⤤㺗㺐⌴⯿㗁 2:1ᮣ
㐵 ⛊ 㔠 ㊷ 㾈 ⶉ ☨ ║ 㟧 ➝ ➈ 㗁 ⺉ 㱫 㔠 ㊷ 㜳 㸏 / ⮂ ⏒ ㋹ᮢ 㮥 ⛰ ⵺ ␅ ║ 㗞 ⧧ 㮥 ⢔ VSWR ( ♋㫥㽄⏒⌴ ) ␌㗎㮱⹂␌八 VSWRᮣ☕㜳㸏㬄║㗞㦏㮰⛑㖫ᱨ␌㗎㮱 ⍏⭝㥲⟅㺗⧧⤤㺗☨㦐⛶㢭㺥⧧㗷㺗ᮣ⢗⳯㸆㨗␌八ᱨ⍏⶙☠ⓞ㾈ⶉᮣ㵀⏥㟠 ☨㊷龜㔋ᱨ⶙㮾㺺⡒╱␌八⏧㻊ᮣ㦆■㠬⿱➶㣨㮱ㅢ㵀㊷龜㓤グ㋜⭺㺓Ⱗ␌八 㑩㔠⏒⧧➔㔠⏒ᱨ㾈ⶉⰵ⥗⶙㮾㱫✂㺸⢏㖷 ( ⊪⸶ VSWR) 㦄㖸ⓞ⹂ᮣ
通信系统中的测量要求
㵀㑌⧨㟜㨳㥥㟧㺲ᱨ⛞⍄㩙ⶌ齊㨳⧟㖡㸊☨㱘㦜ᮣⲳ⤸㣄わ㮥⊑㺝ⶌ齊➧㦏㩂 㨕㱎㯧㋲☨㖡㸊 ( ⺋㑥ᱨ☕㚱㱎㱫☨㴾⏒㨳⧟㯧㋲⩽♛㖡㸊㖫 )ᱨ☏╥█☨㦏㩂 㥥㟧㮜⶙ㅢ㯧㑩㨳⧟㖡㸊ᮣ㱱㲂㦏㩂㥥㟧⶙ㅢ⡢⍐㨳⧟⢕⢔㊷㋙➶八☨⟙⛪⫊ 㦐㢭⤴㥥ᱨ㚱㮾㱸⶙ㅢ⡢⍐㚱㟜⥙㨳⧟☨㖫⭺⏒㨼ᮣ
㦆㵀ᱨ㣄わ⹂㽰㥨☨㫼ⳑ㦏㩂㝎㩂⧧➧㦏㩂㝎㩂㺐⭺☨␘⍜ᮣ
㑥⥗㴚㾈ⶉ⏥㗁╥♋㾈ᱨㅍぼᱨ㺝㱸☕⡘㴾㾈ⶉ㲓㴚㾈ⶉ⒲㦆⡒㗷⤎䳪㖫ᱨ ⏯ㅢ␤㔶㾎▙⤂龜║㚅ᮣ㸆⢔㝫⮔㱱⛶㾈ⶉ㩗⏩㐟㦐➔⟛⧟⹂〄㾃ᮣ⺋㑥ᱨ 㑲 Rs = 0.6 + j 0.3ᱨ㵘⡒㗷⤎䳪㢜 Rs = 0.6 - j 0.3ᮣ
㩖㮔⡽㨕龜☨⤂龜║㚅㗁㵀Ⱓ⡽㊷龜㔋㖳㱫║㗞㦏☨㻙㮔㴓㯜㺐㮥ᮣ㵀⧶☱ ☨㊷龜 ( ⏒⒌➧⒋⒌ ) ╌ᱨ⮈☉☨☠㦏⍏㗄㲂║☠⤂龜ᮣ☠㦏☨♋㾈㦐☕㨏ᱨ ⛶☱㊷㨳⧟☨㱘㦜㮜⧶㨏ᮣ♋㫥⧧♋斗ⴋ㦐㟠ᱨ㵀☠㦏㔋⧨╌ⱌ㨾␌八㵘㣐 ⤴ⱈ㮔ᮣ
㵀〉㱎㱫㺚ㅕ㺲ᱨ⯿⪰⤧㖲八㠬⿱➶㣨☨⫑〉㴓⹻ᮣ㝌⿥☨ㅠ㑛⊪⸶⶙␌八☨ 㟜㱫⏸㗷ᱨ㋦㺲㔢⭆㓞㔠⏸㗷 (S ⏸㗷 ) ☨⡣ㅴᮣ⪑⛶㮥㨗㔠㊷⫑〉㺌㖰ᱨ㑥║ 㗞㦏⧧㖱イ㙱㴖㟰ⱌ㨾⪰⤧ᮣ
㗁☦ⶖ⭒⤇㙶ㅢ⤗㝗⤅⢕㺸⢕㬥㱫㲂㵀 DC-110 GHz ➖㢙ㅠ⍙㸛㴐⮔㝎㩂☨⍖ 八㠬⿱➶㣨㮱⧧㖲八㠬⿱➶㣨㮱ᮣ⪑⶙㮾㢜㸆㨗㮱㋹㝗⤅⢕㺸㫍⮔ᱨ㮾⮈⪇㖯 㬕㗌⧧㔶␤⪏ⳅ㺲☨␌㗎ᮣ
Sin 360º * f * t Time
Input
DUT
f1 Frequency
A
A * Sin 360º * f (t – to)
to
Time
A phase shift = to * 360º * f
f1
Frequency
Output
Linear behavior – input and output frequencies