定语从句讲义(个人精心整理)
《定语从句》 讲义
《定语从句》讲义一、什么是定语从句在英语语法中，定语从句是一种非常重要的从句类型。
它是用来修饰名词或代词的从句，在句中充当定语的成分，为所修饰的名词或代词提供更多的信息。
举个简单的例子：“The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting”（我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
）在这个句子中，“that I bought yesterday”就是一个定语从句，它修饰先行词“book”，告诉我们是“哪一本书”有趣。
二、定语从句的构成定语从句通常由关系词（关系代词和关系副词）引导。
关系代词主要有：that、which、who、whom、whose 等。
关系副词主要有：when、where、why 等。
比如：“The man who is standing there is my teacher”（站在那里的那个人是我的老师。
）这里的“who”就是关系代词，指代先行词“man”，在从句中作主语。
再比如：“This is the place where we met last time”（这就是我们上次见面的地方。
）这里的“where”是关系副词，指代先行词“place”，在从句中作地点状语。
三、关系词的用法1、关系代词 that 和 whichthat 和 which 在定语从句中都可以指代物，但有些情况下只能用that 不能用 which ：（1）先行词是不定代词 all、much、little、something、everything、anything、nothing 等时。
例如：“All that can be done has been done”（能做的都已经做了。
）（2）先行词被 the only、the very、the same、the last 等修饰时。
例如：“This is the very book that I want”（这正是我想要的那本书。
定语从句讲义.doc123
定语从句讲义1、定语从句的核心：还原，即把被修饰词（先行词）还原到定语从句中看作什么成分。
1)The boy _____is under the tree listening to music is a soccer fan.2)She is the girl_____ I met just now.3)Can you tell me the topic______they talked about.4)The school ______was set up in 1941 is my school.The school I study is Kaili No. 1 Middle School.5)I will never forget the day ____I graduated from my college.I will never forget the day is your birthday.6)Do you know the boy ____name is John?Do you know the boy, ____ the name is John?Do you know the boy , the name is John?7)It was a meeting ______importance I didn’t realize at that time.It was a meeting , the importance____ _ I didn’t realize at that time.It was a meeting , ____ _ the importance I didn’t realize at that time.8) one, some, one third, 70 %, most, the rest, half, few, a few 等后面用of, 表示整体与部分的关系，先行词还原时要注意位置。
（完整版）定语从句讲解总结
（完整版）定语从句讲解总结定语从句讲解⼀．定语从句1.注意英汉差异：汉语的定语⽆论多长都放在被修饰词的前⾯，⽽英语中的定语则不然，是⼀个词时，放在被修饰词的前⾯，如：①.a beautiful girl ②.a lovely boy是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后⾯，如：③.She is the girl in red. 她就是穿红⾐的⼥孩。
④.The lady carried a bag full of money. 那位⼥⼠背了个装满钱的包。
⑤.He is the man who you are looking for. 她就是你在找的⼈。
2.分清主句与从句，看究竟哪个句⼦缺少成分。
如上⾯第5：主句：He is the man从句：who you are looking for在从句中，looking for 的宾语是the man.因此选⽤关系代词 who(whom)放置于句⾸，便是定语从句。
3.从句中做宾语的关系代词可以省略，故第5题可以写成：He is the man you are looking for.⼆．定语从句（从句部分）1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.3、先⾏词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先⾏词（1）先⾏词⼀般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。
数词也可以作先⾏词，⼈称代词也同样可作先⾏词。
（2）先⾏词与关系词是等量关系。
必须注意两点：①先⾏词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先⾏词⽽定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.②关系词在从句句⼦中充当了成分，其意思就是先⾏词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。
定语从句讲义（个人精心整理）
一．定语从句定义及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
先行词之后。
2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；等；关系副词有when, where, why 等。
等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句B.代替先行词,C.在定语从句中担当一个成分在定语从句中担当一个成分二．关系代词表格关系词关系词先行词先行词 从句成分从句成分 例句例句 关系代词 who 人 主语，宾语主语，宾语 Do Do you you you know know know the the the man man man who who who is is is talking talking talking with with with your your mother? whom 人 宾语宾语 The boy (whom) she loved died in the war. Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working whose 人，物人，物 定语定语 I like those books whose topics are about history. The boy whose father works abroad is my classmate. that 人，物人，物 主语，宾语主语，宾语 表语表语 A plane is a machine that can fly. She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much. She is not the person that she used to be which 物 主语，宾语主语，宾语 The book (which) I gave you was worth $10. The picture which was about the accident was terrible. as 人，物人，物 主语，宾语主语，宾语 He is such a person as is respected by all of us. This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. 备注 Who,whom, Who,whom, which which 和that 在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that 和who 关系副when 时间时间 状语状语 I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together. where 地点地点 状语状语 I know a place where we can have a picnic 例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）（作主语）① Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语）（作主语）② I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语）（作宾语）③ The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语）（作宾语）④ This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语）（作定语）⑤ The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语）三．6个关系代词的用法1）关系代词that和which的用法的用法which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。
《定语从句》 讲义
《定语从句》讲义一、定语从句的定义和作用定语从句是一种在英语中非常常见且重要的语法结构。
它在句子中充当定语，用来修饰一个名词或代词，使其含义更加明确和丰富。
简单来说，定语从句就是一个句子，放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，起到描述和限定的作用。
通过定语从句，我们能够更详细、更准确地表达我们想要表达的意思。
比如，“The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting”（我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
）在这个句子中，“that I bought yesterday”就是一个定语从句，用来修饰先行词“the book”，让我们清楚知道是哪一本书有趣。
二、定语从句的构成定语从句通常由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
常见的关系代词有：that、which、who、whom、whose。
常见的关系副词有：when、where、why。
关系词在定语从句中不仅起到引导的作用，还在从句中充当一定的成分。
例如，在“The man who is standing there is my teacher”这个句子中，“who”是关系代词，在从句“who is standing there”中作主语。
三、关系代词的用法1、 that 和 whichthat 和 which 都可以用来指代物，但在一些情况下，只能用 that 不能用 which。
当先行词是不定代词（如 all、anything、nothing 等）、先行词被最高级、序数词修饰、先行词既有人又有物时，通常用 that 而不用 which。
例如：All that glitters is not gold（发光的未必都是金子。
）This is the first book that I have read（这是我读过的第一本书。
）The man and the horse that fell into the river were drowned（掉进河里的人和马都淹死了。
《定语从句》 讲义
《定语从句》讲义一、什么是定语从句在英语语法中，定语从句是一种非常重要的句子结构。
简单来说，定语从句就是在一个句子中充当定语成分的从句。
它用来修饰、限定或说明先行词，即被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
例如：The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting （“that I bought yesterday”就是一个定语从句，修饰先行词“the book”）二、定语从句的构成定语从句通常由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
关系代词有：that、which、who、whom、whose 等。
关系副词有：when、where、why 等。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分；关系副词在定语从句中充当状语。
三、关系代词的用法1、 that 既可以指人，也可以指物，在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语。
例如：The man that is standing there is my teacher （that 作主语，指人）The book that I bought is very useful （that 作宾语，指物）2、 which 指物，在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语。
例如：The house which was built last year is very beautiful （which 作主语）The pen which you gave me is very nice （which 作宾语）3、 who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
例如：The girl who is singing is my sister （who 作主语）4、 whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语。
例如：The man whom I met yesterday is very kind （whom 作宾语）5、 whose 表示“……的”，在定语从句中作定语。
例如：The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard （whose 作定语，修饰“father”）四、关系副词的用法1、 when 表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
定语从句超详细讲解
定语从句超详细讲解什么是定语从句定语从句是一种修饰名词或代词的从句，用来对所修饰的名词或代词进行进一步的说明或限制。
定语从句通常由关系词引导，在句中充当修饰成分。
关系词的种类常见的关系词有：who, whom, whose, which, that。
关系词根据在从句中的作用，可分为主格关系词、宾格关系词和属格关系词。
- 主格关系词：who, which- 宾格关系词：whom, which- 属格关系词：whose, of which定语从句结构定语从句的基本结构为：关系词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分。
根据所修饰的名词在定语从句中的作用，可分为三种结构：1. 主语关系从句：关系词在从句中作主语，修饰前面的名词。
- 例：The book which is on the table is mine.（在桌子上的那本书是我的。
）2. 宾语关系从句：关系词在从句中作宾语，修饰前面的名词。
- 例：She has a brother whom I have never met.（她有个兄弟我从未见过。
）3. 定语关系从句：关系词在从句中作定语，修饰前面的名词。
- 例：I live in a house whose roof is red.（我住在一座房子里，它的屋顶是红色的。
）定语从句的使用注意事项- 关系词指代的是先行词，要保持一致性。
例如，主格关系词引导的从句，先行词也应该是人；宾格关系词引导的从句，先行词也应该是人或物；属格关系词引导的从句，先行词也应该是有所属关系的事物。
- 关系词在从句中可省略，但要根据上下文的需要决定是否省略。
定语从句的练题1. The girl _______ is my sister. (who/whom/which/that)2. The man _______ I talked to is the boss. (who/whom/which/that)3. She is the girl _______ mother works at the hospital.(who/whom/whose/which/that)4. The car _______ is parked outside is mine. (who/which/that)5. The book _______ you borrowed from the library is overdue. (whose/which/that)答案：1. who2. whom3. whose4. that5. which以上就是定语从句的超详细讲解。
定语从句知识点归纳讲解讲义-2024届高考英语二轮复习
定语从句知识点归纳讲解一、定语从句以及相关术语★定义：定语从句是用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句。
★先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
通常情况下，引导词前面的名词即为从句的先行词。
★关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
也可以称作引导词。
①关系代词：who，whom，which，that，whose，as，在从句内作主语、宾语等名词性成分。
②关系副词：when，where，why在从句内作状语。
★分类：定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
二、定语从句的关系词(引导词)用法（一）关系代词：who、whom、which、that、whose、as关系代词先行词在从句中充当的成分who人主语、宾语、表语whom人宾语whose人/物定语which物主语、宾语that人/物主语、宾语、表语as人/物主语、宾语、表语语等。
as和which引导非限制性定语从句中都能指代整句内容，which译为“这”，as 译为“正如”。
但定语从句位于句首时只能用as。
As we all know,…/As is known to all,…（正如大家所知道....）（二）关系副词：where, when, why关系副词先行词在从句中充当的成分when表示时间的名词时间状语where表示地点的名词地点状语why表示原因的名词(reason)原因状语的地点,其后常由where引导。
▲The reason why...is that... 。
的原因是。
三、非限制性定语从句非限定性定语从句，从句式上看，有逗号隔开。
它既可以修饰先行词，也可修饰整个句子。
它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用，只起补充、说明的作用。
1.非限制性定语从句通常不能用that2. 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导，要用for which代替why。
例如：I had told them the reason，for which I didn’t attend the meeting.3. 非限制性定语从句置于句首时，不能用which引导。
《定语从句》 讲义
《定语从句》讲义一、什么是定语从句在英语语法中，定语从句是一种非常重要的从句类型。
它就像是一个精准的描述工具，能够让我们对名词或代词进行更详细、更丰富的描述。
比如说，“The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting” （我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
）在这个句子中，“that I bought yesterday”就是一个定语从句，它用来修饰先行词“the book”，让我们更加清楚地知道是哪一本书。
定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后，由关系词引导。
关系词在定语从句中充当一定的成分，比如主语、宾语、定语等。
二、定语从句的构成定语从句由先行词、关系词和从句三部分组成。
先行词就是被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
比如上面例子中的“the book”就是先行词。
关系词则分为关系代词和关系副词。
常见的关系代词有that、which、who、whom、whose 等；常见的关系副词有 when、where、why 等。
从句则是对先行词进行补充说明或限制的部分。
三、关系代词的用法1、 that 既可以指人，也可以指物，在从句中可以作主语、宾语或表语。
例如：“The man that is standing there is my teacher” （站在那里的那个人是我的老师。
）这里的“that”在从句中作主语。
2、 which 一般指物，在从句中作主语、宾语。
比如：“The book which I bought is very useful” （我买的那本书非常有用。
）“which”在从句中作宾语。
3、 who 指人，在从句中作主语、宾语。
像：“The girl who is singing is my sister” （正在唱歌的那个女孩是我妹妹。
）“who”在从句中作主语。
4、 whom 指人，在从句中作宾语。
例如：“The man whom you met yesterday is my father” （你昨天见到的那个人是我父亲。
定语从句讲解(完整版)
定语从句讲解(完整版)定语从句是一种常见的语法结构，用于对名词或代词进行修饰和限定。
在英语中，定语从句的使用可以使句子更加丰富和准确。
下面，我将为您详细讲解定语从句的构成、用法和注意事项。
一、定语从句的构成定语从句由引导词、关系词和从句组成。
引导词通常是先行词，即被修饰的名词或代词；关系词用于引导定语从句，并将先行词与从句连接起来；从句则是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
1. 引导词：先行词通常是名词或代词，它可以是主语、宾语或表语。
例如：The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）2. 关系词：关系词用于引导定语从句，并将先行词与从句连接起来。
关系词有who、which、that、whom、whose等。
例如： The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）3. 从句：从句是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
从句中通常包含主语、谓语和宾语等成分。
例如：那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）二、定语从句的用法1. 限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句对先行词起到限定作用，即只有满足定语从句条件的名词或代词才是先行词的准确含义。
限定性定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后，且不能用逗号与主句隔开。
例如： The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
定语从句 讲义(打印)
定语从句（讲义）大英县育才中学英语教研组何瑞志一、定语从句的意义1、定语：修饰作主语或宾语的名词、代词的句子成分，通常可以由形容词、数词、（物主）代词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语来充当；通常是单个的词作定语放在被修饰词前面；形容词修饰复合不定代词，介词短语，不定式、分词（短语），else,(enough),blow,above等放在被修饰词后面。
eg；1.Yangyang is a good girl. （good 作 girl 的定语，放在girl 前面。
）2.There are 70 students in our class. （70 作 students 的定语，放students 的前面。
）3.There is a tree growing against the wall.（ growing against the wall 作tree 的定语，放在tree 有后面。
）4.The book on the table is mine. （on the table 作 book 有定语，放在book 的后面。
）5.The headmaster told us something important at the meeting.（important 作something 的定语，放something 的后面。
）6.Give me something to eat. （to eat 作 something 的定语，放 something 的后面。
）2.定语从句：用一个句子来修饰名词或代词，或补充说明主句的一部分或整个句子，这个用来修饰说明名词或代词的放在名词或代词后面的句子就叫定语从句。
也称形容词性从句。
eg: The man who is talking with my father is our headteacher.（who is talking with my father是修饰the man 的定语从句）。
定语从句 自编讲义
高中英语定语从句详解一．概念：(1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
(2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。
先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。
(3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词的作用：1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词；2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语）常用的关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose、as 、but (文语, 置于否定词之后=that/who…not…, "没有……不……", 在从句中作主语，宾语)常用的关系副词（在从句中只作状语）: when、why、where定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关系词。
二．几个关系代词的基本用法：（作宾语时可省略）●that:可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。
(指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which)(不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介词后作宾语)如：1. A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read. (主语)2. You can take anything ( that) you like. （宾语）3. She's no longer the girl ( that) she used to be before.（表语）●which:指物或事；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语。
如：1. The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.（主语）2. The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.（宾语）4. He was proud, which his brother never was. （表语）5. Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learned French.（定语）●who, whom, whose:who: 在从句中作主语，宾语; 只可指人whom:在从句中作宾语; 只可指人whose:在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。
初中英语定语从句语法讲义
初中英语定语从句语法讲义(总4页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--第一章定语从句1. 基本知识精讲在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
用来引导定语从句的词叫关系词（分为关系代词和关系副词）。
定语从句一般放在先行词之后。
如：This is the engineer who will give us a talk on science.先行词关系词定语从句一、由关系代词引导的定语从句英语中的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that 和as。
它们的用法如下：1. who，whom的用法who 和 whom 指人，在从句中分别作主语、宾语。
作动词宾语时常被省掉。
在口语中可用who代替whom。
如：The young worker who invented this tool is her brother.This is the boy (whom) I helped.2. which的用法which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语是在非正式语体中可以省略。
如：The factory which produces these cars is very large.This is the book (which) you want.3. whose 的用法whose指人或物，在从句中作定语，不可省略。
Whose有时可用of which替换。
如：Do you live in the room whose window opens to the west?This is the student whose pronunciation is the best in our class.4. that的用法that既可指人，也可指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。
作宾语时，在非正式语体中常省略。
定语从句基础知识讲义.docx
定语从句基础知识讲义I •定语从句基本知识点基本概念：①在复合句屮修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句在句屮的作用相当于一个形容词，因此也叫形容词性从句。
②先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。
它与定语从句的位置关系为：先行词+定语从句。
③引导定语从句的词叫关系词或是引导词。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。
关系代词和关系副词在句小起引导定语从句的作用，同时乂在定语从句中担任主语，宾语，表语，定语和状语等成分。
常川的关系代词：who, whom, whose, that, which , as .常用的关系副词：when, where, why .④分类：定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
限制性定语从句：在此类从句中，先行词代表一个、一些或一类特定的人或事物，这种定语从句已和被修饰词构成了一个完整的意思，定语从句不能拿掉，否则剩下的主句将失去意义而不能成立。
基本用法A.关系代词的用法(1)先行词是人1.作主语who, thate.g. The girl who/ that is standing under the tree is my sister.2.作宾语(who, whom, that)e.g. The girl (who/ whom/ (hat )he is talking to is my siste匚3.作定语whosee.g. The girl whose hair is red is my siste匚(2)先行词是物1.作主语which / thate.g. The book which/ that is on the tabic is mine.2.作宾语(which/ that)e.g. The book (which / that) you bought yesterday is good.3.作定语whosee.g. The book whose cover is blue is mine.B.在定语从句中如介词提前，关系代词用法如下：先行词是人介词+ whome.g. The girl to whom he is speaking is my sister.The girl _______ h e is speaking to is my sister.先行词是物介词+ whiche.g. The room in which he used to live is very big.C.关系代词as的用法Das也可作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，指整个主句的概念，常译为“正如”之意，在句中作主语，宾语或表语。
定语从句最全面的知识点整理
定语从句最全面的知识点整理定语从句是修饰一个名词或代词的从句，用于进一步说明或限定这个名词或代词的内容。
下面是定语从句的最全面的知识点整理：1.引导词：- 关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that- 关系副词：where, when, why2.关系代词的用法：- who：指人作主语或宾语- whom：指人作宾语- whose：指人或物作定语，表示所属关系- which：指物作主语或宾语- that：指人或物作主语或宾语，可省略3.关系副词的用法：- where：指地点，在定语从句中作状语- when：指时间，在定语从句中作状语- why：指原因，在定语从句中作状语4.定语从句的结构：-先行词+关系代词/关系副词+句子-关系代词/关系副词在定语从句中担任特定成分5.定语从句的位置：-定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，形成一个整体6.先行词的选择：- 指人：who, whom, whose- 指物：which, whose- 指人或物：that7.定语从句的用法和功能：-限定性定语从句：对先行词进行具体的限制和说明，不可省略，不用逗号隔开-非限定性定语从句：对先行词进行额外的补充说明，可省略，用逗号隔开8.定语从句的语法注意事项：-先行词在定语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或介词的宾语等- 在定语从句中，关系代词充当宾语时，只能用 whom；关系代词充当主语时，只能用 who 或 that-当关系代词作介词的宾语时9.定语从句的省略：-当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语且有前置介词时，可省略-当先行词为所有格时，关系代词可省略10.定语从句的比较级和最高级：-定语从句中修饰的先行词是比较级或最高级时，关系代词与其相应词的用法相同，也可省略。
最全定语从句讲义
高中定语从句重难点系统讲解（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；关系副词有when,where,why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.该句中who is shaking hands with my father是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at7tomorrow morning. Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
That is the teacher who teaches us physics.那就是教我们物理的老师。
2.whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
Mr Liu is the person(whom)you talked about on the bus.The professor(whom)you are waiting for has come.你正在等的教授已经来了。
定语从句---讲义
定语从句二关系代词1. 先行词是人时，可用关系代词who, whom, that 来引导从句。
①.who指人，在从句中做主语e.g. The boys who are playing football are from Class One.②. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
e.g. Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.〈N〉：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
e.g. This is the thief (that/who/whom) we have been looking for these days.(这个就是我们近日一直在找的小偷。
)〈N〉：先行词是one, ones, those时，用who, 不用that.e.g. Those who work harder will get the job.在由“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用whom指人,而不能用that 或whoe.g. This is my friend with whom I go to school everyday.2. 先行词是物时，用that 和which引导。
①that 和which指物,在从句中可作主语或宾语，做宾语时可省略。
〈N〉：在由“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物,而不能用that 当在非限制性定语从句中（通常用逗号与主句分开的定语从句）时，只能用which只能用that 引导定语从句的情况:3. 所有格Whose是关系代词的所有格，通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
三．关系副词：【关系副词的种类】定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。
关系副词的用法1. 先行词为地点，且在定语从句中作地点状语时，定语从句由关系副词where引导。
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一．定语从句定义及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句B.代替先行词,C.在定语从句中担当一个成分二．关系代词表格例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）① Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语）② I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语）③ The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语）④ This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语）⑤ The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语）三．6个关系代词的用法1）关系代词that和which的用法which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。
His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.▲但在有些情况下，只用that1.先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。
① This is the best way that has been used against pollution.② English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.2.先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。
① This is the last place (that) I want to visit.② It is the first American movie of this kind that I’ve ever seen.3.先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none,any, few, little, no, all, much, every等不定代词时。
① You should hand in all that you have.② We haven’t got much that we can o ffer you.③The little money (that) he had was stolen.4.先行词前面有the only, the very,等修饰时。
The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.5.先行词既有人又有物时。
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?6.主句已有疑问词which时。
避免重复使用Which is the bike that you lost?7.that 在定语从句中作表语Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be.▲不用that的情况①引导非限定性定语从句时。
例如：He takes exercise everyday, which has done a lot of good to his health.②介词后不能用。
We depend on the land from which we get our food.▲有些情况只用which①引导非限定性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子。
Bruce went towards the fire, which was still smoking.Tom came back late, which made his parents very angry.②关系代词作介词的宾语。
This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.2）关系代词who和whom的用法who指人，在句中作主语和宾语，作宾语可省略。
Whom指人，在句中只能作宾语，可省略，但在介词后面不能省略。
She has a brother who worked at that factory ten years ago.The doctor who/whom/that /x she went to the United States with last month is very famous. =The doctor with whom she went to the United States last month is very famous.3）关系代词whose的用法⑴ whose是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。
① I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.② Please show me the book whose cover is red.⑵当whose表示物与物的所有格关系时，亦可用of which的形式。
① The building whose roof you can see from here is a new restaurant.→ The building, the roof of which you can see from here, is a new restaurant.或→ The building, of which the roof you can see from he re is a new restaurant.4）关系代词as的用法先行词前有such、the same时关系代词用asI’ve never heard such stories as he tells.He is not such a fool as he looks.This is the same dictionary as I lost last week.5）关系副词的用法含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用关系副词引导的定语从句① when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first came to this school.The time when we got together finally arrived.② where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
Shanghai is the city where I was born.The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.③why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。
Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.when=on which where=in which reason=for whichThe day when /on which I met him first was May 1st.This is the house where/in which I lived two years ago.I don’t know the reason why /for which he didn’t come..并非先行词表示时间或地点时都分别用when或where来引导相应的定语从句，若关系词在修饰表示时间或地点的先行词的定语从句中充当主语、宾语等而不是状语时，需用which或that引导相应的定语从句。
Do you still remember the days which/that we spent together in school? 先行词the days表时间，但是其定语从句的引导词在定语从句中作宾语而不是状语，因此不能用when而应该用which或that。
This is the day when I joined the party/which he spent reading the books/which I still never forget. This is the place where I found the book./ which we once visited/which I will never forget/which I am looking forThis is the reason why he was late /that he gave at the meeting for his being late.④.以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由in which或that引导，而且通常可以省略。
The way (that / in which ) he answered the questions was surprising.I don’t like the way (that / in which) you laugh at her.四．介词+关系代词关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。
介词+which（指事）介词+whom（指人）①The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous.The school in which he once studied is very famous.②Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine (which / that) you asked for.Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.③This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday.This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday.④We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom / who / that) we have often talked about.We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.⑤The boss whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions. The boss in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。