常用的法律英语术语
法律英语词汇大全
法律英语词汇大全法律在现代社会中扮演着重要的角色，而法律英语作为一门专门的语言学科，具有其自身的特点和词汇体系。
本文将为您提供一份法律英语词汇大全，帮助您更好地理解和运用法律英语。
一、合同（Contracts）1. Offer（要约）- An expression of willingness to enter into a contractual agreement.2. Acceptance（接受）- The act of agreeing to the terms of an offer made by another party.3. Consideration（对价）- Something of value exchanged for the promise of another party in a contract.4. Breach（违约）- The failure to fulfill the terms of a contract withouta legitimate excuse.5. Termination（终止）- The ending or cancellation of a contract by the parties involved.6. Damages（损害赔偿）- The monetary compensation awarded to a party who suffers harm as a result of a breach of contract.7. Force Majeure（不可抗力）- An unforeseeable and uncontrollable event that prevents the fulfillment of contractual obligations.8. Assignment（转让）- The transfer of rights and obligations under a contract from one party to another.9. Non-performance（不履行义务）- The failure to fulfill contractual responsibilities.10. Confidentiality（保密性）- The requirement to keep certain information obtained during the course of a contract confidential.二、法院和司法程序（Courts and Judicial Procedures）1. Plaintiff（原告）- The party who initiates a lawsuit by filing a complaint in court.2. Defendant（被告）- The party against whom the lawsuit is filed and who must respond to the complaint.3. Trial（审判）- A formal legal proceeding in court in which evidence is presented and a decision is reached.4. Evidence（证据）- The information presented in court to support or refute a claim.5. Witness（证人）- A person who provides testimony under oath in court.6. Verdict（裁决）- The decision reached by the judge or jury in a trial.7. Appeal（上诉）- The process of asking a higher court to review and overturn a decision made by a lower court.8. Jurisdiction（管辖权）- The authority of a court to hear and decide a specific type of case.9. Subpoena（传票）- A legal document that requires a person to appear in court or produce evidence.10. Contempt of Court（蔑视法庭）- Behavior that disrespects or obstructs the functioning of a court, punishable by fines or imprisonment.三、知识产权（Intellectual Property）1. Patent（专利）- An exclusive right granted to an inventor to protect their invention from being used, made, or sold by others.2. Trademark（商标）- A distinctive sign or symbol that identifies and distinguishes the goods or services of one party from those of others.3. Copyright（版权）- The exclusive rights granted to authors, artists, and other creators to protect their original works.4. Infringement（侵权）- The unauthorized use or reproduction of intellectual property protected by law.5. Licensing（许可证）- The process of granting permission to use intellectual property to another party.6. Trade Secret（商业秘密）- Confidential information that provides a competitive advantage to its owner and is protected from disclosure.7. Royalties（专利权使用费）- Payments made to the owner of intellectual property for the use or sale of their rights.8. Fair Use（合理使用）- The limited use of copyrighted material without the permission of the copyright holder, typically for purposes such as criticism, commentary, or education.9. Anti-counterfeiting（反盗版）- Measures taken to prevent the unauthorized production, distribution, and sale of counterfeit goods.10. Infringement Notice（侵权通知）- A formal notice sent to an alleged infringer of intellectual property rights, demanding that they cease their infringing activities.这份法律英语词汇大全涵盖了合同、法院和司法程序以及知识产权等方面的关键词汇，能够帮助您更好地理解和运用法律英语。
法律英语词汇学习
法律英语词汇学习1. 引言法律英语是法律学习的重要组成部分，掌握法律英语词汇是理解和运用法律文件的基础。
本篇文档将介绍一些常用的法律英语词汇，帮助读者更好地理解和运用法律英语。
2. 常用法律英语词汇2.1 法律文件在学习法律英语之前，首先需要了解一些常见的法律文件类型。
以下是一些常用的法律文件的英文表达：•Constitution: 宪法•Statute: 法令•Regulation: 规定•Ordinance: 条例•Decree: 法令/法令书•Directive: 指令•Treaty: 条约•Agreement: 合同•Contract: 合同•Memorandum of Understanding (MoU): 谅解备忘录2.2 法律流程和程序学习法律英语，也需要了解一些常见的法律流程和程序。
以下是一些常用的法律流程和程序的英文表达：•Lawsuit: 诉讼•Hearing: 审理/听证会•Trial: 审判•Appeal: 上诉•Verdict: 裁决•Judgement: 判决•Defendant: 被告•Plntiff: 原告•Witness: 证人•Subpoena: 传票•Petition: 请愿•Settlement: 和解2.3 法律术语掌握常用法律术语对理解法律文件和案件非常重要。
以下是一些常见的法律术语的英文表达：•Legal liability: 法律责任•Breach of contract: 违约•Intellectual property: 知识产权•Tort: 侵权行为•Negligence: 过失•Force majeure: 不可抗力•Injunction: 禁令•Liability insurance: 责任保险•Statute of limitations: 诉讼时效•Confidentiality agreement: 保密协议•Arbitration: 仲裁3. 学习方法3.1 阅读法律文件阅读法律文件是学习法律英语的重要方法之一。
常用的法律英语术语
常用的法律英语术语法律英语是一种特殊的语言体系，由法律术语组成。
对于研究法律的学生和从事法律工作的专业人士来说，熟悉常用的法律英语术语是非常重要的。
本文将介绍一些常见的法律英语术语，并提供简单的解释。
下面是一些常见的法律英语术语：1. Lawsuit（诉讼）诉讼是指在法院提起的一系列法律程序，目的是解决法律纠纷。
在诉讼过程中，原告向法院提出指控，被告进行辩护，并且法院最终做出裁决。
诉讼是解决法律争议的一种正式途径。
2. Plaintiff（原告）原告是在一起诉讼中提起诉讼的一方。
原告将被告带入法庭，并寻求法院对其主张的支持。
3. Defendant（被告）被告是在一起诉讼中被指控的一方。
被告需要在法庭上进行辩护，并试图反驳原告提出的指控。
4. Contract（合同）合同是由两个或多个当事人之间达成的法律协议。
合同规定了各方的权利和义务，可以是书面或口头形式。
合同是保障当事人权益的重要法律文件。
5. Breach of Contract（合同违约）合同违约是指合同一方未能履行其在合同中规定的义务。
当一方未能履行合同条款时，另一方可以采取法律行动来追求赔偿或解除合同。
6. Tort（侵权行为）侵权行为指的是一方在未获得另一方同意的情况下，通过行为或不行为给另一方造成了伤害或损失。
常见的侵权行为包括人身伤害、财产损失等。
7. Negligence（疏忽）疏忽是指一方在行为上未能按照合理的标准行事，从而给他人造成伤害或损失。
在法律上，如果被告以不合理的方式行事，并因此给原告造成了损害，那么可以被认定为疏忽。
8. Crime（犯罪）犯罪是指违反法律的行为。
根据犯罪的严重程度，有不同的刑事罪名和相应的刑罚。
犯罪行为可能包括盗窃、谋杀、强奸等。
9. Plaintiff’s Attorney（原告律师）原告律师是代表原告在诉讼过程中提供法律援助的专业人士。
原告律师负责收集证据、起草法律文件，并代表原告出庭。
10. Defendant’s Attorney（被告律师）被告律师是代表被告在诉讼过程中提供法律援助的专业人士。
法律英语词汇大全
法律英语词汇大全在法律领域，理解和掌握法律英语词汇是非常重要的。
本文将为您提供一个全面的法律英语词汇大全，以帮助您更好地理解和应用法律英语。
一、法律系统与机构1. Legal system - 法律体系2. Judiciary - 司法机关3. Court - 法院4. Judge - 法官5. Lawyer/attorney - 律师/律师6. Prosecutor - 检察官7. Plaintiff - 原告8. Defendant - 被告9. Jury - 陪审团10. Witness - 证人二、合同法1. Contract - 合同2. Offer - 供应3. Acceptance - 接受4. Consideration - 对价5. Mutual assent - 相互同意6. Breach of contract - 违约7. Performance - 履行8. Termination - 终止9. Damages - 损害赔偿三、刑法1. Crime - 犯罪2. Offense - 违反3. Felony - 重罪4. Misdemeanor - 轻罪5. Homicide - 杀人罪6. Robbery - 抢劫罪7. Theft - 盗窃罪8. Assault - 袭击罪9. Burglary - 入室盗窃罪10. Arson - 纵火罪四、知识产权1. Intellectual property - 知识产权2. Patent - 专利3. Trademark - 商标4. Copyright - 版权5. Infringement - 侵权6. Royalties - 版权使用费五、公司法1. Corporation - 公司2. Shareholder - 股东3. Board of directors - 董事会4. Corporate governance - 公司治理5. Merger - 合并6. Acquisition - 收购7. IPO (Initial Public Offering) - 首次公开发行六、国际法1. International law - 国际法2. Treaty - 条约3. Diplomacy - 外交4. Sovereignty - 主权5. Human rights - 人权6. United Nations - 联合国7. World Trade Organization - 世界贸易组织七、家庭法1. Family law - 家庭法2. Divorce - 离婚3. Child custody - 子女抚养权4. Alimony - 赡养费5. Prenuptial agreement - 婚前协议6. Domestic violence - 家庭暴力八、地产法1. Property law - 房地产法2. Real estate - 房地产3. Landlord - 房东4. Tenant - 租户5. Lease agreement - 租赁协议6. Eviction - 驱逐九、金融法1. Financial law - 金融法2. Banking - 银行业3. Insurance - 保险4. Securities - 证券5. Insider trading - 内幕交易6. Money laundering - 洗钱十、法律程序1. Legal procedure - 法律程序2. Jurisdiction - 司法管辖权3. Due process - 正当程序4. Statute of limitations - 诉讼时效5. Appeal - 上诉6. Habeas corpus - 人身保护令总结：本文提供了一个全面的法律英语词汇大全，包含了法律体系与机构、合同法、刑法、知识产权、公司法、国际法、家庭法、地产法、金融法以及法律程序等方面的常用词汇。
法律英语表达大全
法律英语表达大全在法律领域中，使用正确的法律英语表达非常重要。
以下是一些常用的法律英语表达，可以帮助您更好地理解和处理法律文件和法律程序。
1. 法律术语•Lawsuit: 诉讼•Plntiff: 原告•Defendant: 被告•Complnt: 控诉书•Summons: 传票•Pleadings: 诉状•Subpoena: 传唤令•Evidence: 证据•Burden of proof: 举证责任•Statute: 法令•Tort: 民事侵权行为•Testimony: 证言•Criminal offense: 刑事犯罪•Misdemeanor: 轻罪•Felony: 重罪2. 法庭程序•Court hearing: 庭审•Trial: 审判•Opening statement: 开庭陈述•Cross-examination: 盘问•Closing argument: 闭庭陈述•Verdict: 裁决•Jury: 陪审团•Bench trial: 座席审判（没有陪审团的审判）•Judgment: 判决•Appeal: 上诉•Court reporter: 法庭记录员•Arrest: 逮捕•Bond: 保释金•Bl: 保释•Evidence: 证据3. 合同和协议•Contract: 合同•Agreement: 协议•Offer: 出价•Acceptance: 接受•Consideration: 对价•Breach of contract: 违反合同•Void contract: 无效合同•Negotiation: 谈判•Arbitration: 仲裁•Mediation: 调解•Termination: 终止•Amendment: 修改•Effective date: 生效日期4. 法律文件和法律文件结构•Legal document: 法律文件•Affidavit: 宣誓书•Power of attorney: 授权书•Will: 遗嘱•Trust: 信托•Deed: 契约•Contract: 合同•Agreement: 协议•Compliance: 遵守•Notice: 通知书•Affirmation: 证言•Declaration: 声明•Schedule: 时间表•Exhibit: 附表5. 法律职业•Attorney: 律师•Judge: 法官•Magistrate: 地方法官•Counsel: 律师•Paralegal: 法律助理•Legal secretary: 法律秘书•Legal consultant: 法律顾问•Court clerk: 法庭书记员•Barrister: 出庭律师（英国律师）•Solicitor: 执业律师（英国律师）以上是一些常用的法律英语表达。
(法律法规课件)常用的法律英语术语
常用的法律英语术语draft 法案，草案Government bill 政府议案to pass a bill, to carry a bill 通过议案to enact a law, to promulgate a law 颁布法律ratification, confirmation 批准law enforcement 法律的实施to come into force 生效decree 法令clause 条款minutes 备忘录report 判例汇编codification 法律汇编legislation 立法legislator 立法者jurist 法学家jurisprudence 法学legitimation 合法化legality, lawfulness 法制，合法legal, lawful 合法的,依法的to contravene a law, to infringe a law, to break a law 违法outlaw, outside the law 超出法律范围的offender 罪犯to abolish 废止，取消rescission, annulment 废除，取消repeal, revocation, annulment 废除(法律) cancellation, annulment, invalidation 废除(合同) cancellation (支票)作废annulment 撤消(遗嘱)repeal rescission 撤消(判决)revocation 撤消immunity 豁免，豁免权disability, legal incapacity 无资格nonretroactive character 不溯既往性prescription 剥夺公权attainder 公民权利的剥夺和财产的没收constitutional law 宪法canon law 教会法规common law 习惯法criminal law 刑法administrative law 行政法civil law 民法commercial law, mercantile law 商法law of nations 万国公法，国际法international law 国际法natural law 自然法labour laws 劳工法fiscal law 财政法Civil Suit Law, Code of civil law 民事诉讼法Criminal Law 刑事诉讼法Military Law 军法Conscript Law 兵役法Copyright Law 著作权法penal code 刑法典code of mercantile law 商法典civil rights 民事权利，公民权利right of asylum 避难权human rights, rights of man 人权(customs) duties 关税death duty, death tax 遗产税royalties 版税引用取经归来的法律英语术语非原创，转自葵花论坛（想家）法律英语术语ratification, confirmation 批准law enforcement 法律的实施to come into force 生效decree 法令clause 条款minutes 备忘录report 判例汇编codification 法律汇编legislation 立法legislator 立法者jurist 法学家jurisprudence 法学legitimation 合法化legality, lawfulness 法制，合法legal, lawful 合法的,依法的to contravene a law, to infringe a law, to break a law 违法outlaw, outside the law 超出法律范围的offender 罪犯to abolish 废止，取消rescission, annulment 废除，取消repeal, revocation, annulment 废除(法律)cancellation, annulment, invalidation 废除(合同)cancellation (支票)作废annulment 撤消(遗嘱)repeal rescission 撤消(判决)revocation 撤消immunity 豁免，豁免权disability, legal incapacity 无资格nonretroactive character 不溯既往性prescription 剥夺公权attainder 公民权利的剥夺和财产的没收constitutional law 宪法canon law 教会法规common law 习惯法criminal law 刑法administrative law 行政法civil law 民法commercial law, mercantile law 商法law of nations 公法，国际法international law 国际法natural law 自然法labour laws 劳工法fiscal law 财政法Civil Suit Law, Code of civil law 民事诉讼法Criminal Law 刑事诉讼法Military Law 军法Conscript Law 兵役法Copyright Law 著作权法penal code 刑法典code of mercantile law 商法典civil rights 民事权利，公民权利right of asylum 避难权human rights, rights of man 人权(customs) duties 关税death duty, death tax 遗产税royalties 版税案件case案件发回remand/rimit a case （to a low court）案件名称title of a case案卷材料materials in the case案情陈述书statement of case案外人person other than involved in the case案值total value involved in the case败诉方losing party办案人员personnel handling a case保全措施申请书application for protective measures报案report a case （to security authorities）被告defendant; the accused被告人最后陈述final statement of the accused被告向原告第二次答辩rejoinder被害人victim被害人的诉讼代理人victim's agent ad litem被上诉人respondent; the appellee被申请人respondent被申请执行人party against whom execution is filed被执行人person subject to enforcement本诉principal action必要共同诉讼人party in necessary co-litigation变通管辖jurisdiction by accord辩护defense辩护律师defense attorney/lawyer辩护人defender辩护证据exculpatory evidence; defense evidence辩论阶段stage of court debate驳回反诉dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim驳回请求deny/dismiss a motion驳回上诉、维持原判reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling驳回诉讼dismiss an action/suit驳回通知书notice of dismissal驳回自诉dismiss/reject a private prosecution驳回自诉裁定书ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case补充答辩supplementary answer补充判决supplementary judgement补充侦查supplementary investigation不公开审理trial in camera不立案决定书written decision of no case-filing不批准逮捕决定书written decision of disapproving an arrest不起诉nol pros不予受理起诉通知书notice of dismissal of accusation by the court 财产保全申请书application for attachment; application for property preservation裁定order; determination （指最终裁定）裁定管辖jurisdiction by order裁定书order; ruling裁决书award采信的证据admitted evidence查封seal up撤回上诉withdraw appeal撤诉withdraw a lawsuit撤销立案revoke a case placed on file撤销原判，发回重审rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original courtfor retrial出示的证据exhibit除权判决invalidating judgement （for negotiable instruments）传唤summon; call传闻证据hearsay答辩answer; reply答辩陈述书statement of defence答辩状answer; reply大法官associate justices; justice大检察官deputy chief procurator代理控告agency for accusation代理申诉agency for appeal代理审判员acting judge代为申请取保候审agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving弹劾式诉讼accusatory procedure当事人陈述statement of the parties当庭宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court地区管辖territorial jurisdiction地区检察分院inter-mediate People's Procuratorate第三人third party调查笔录record of investigation定期宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date定罪证据incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence冻结freeze督促程序procedure of supervision and urge独任庭sole-judge bench独任仲裁员sole arbitrator对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施compulsory measures against impairment of civil action对席判决judgement inter parties二审trial of second instance二审案件case of trial of second insurance罚款impose a fine法定证据statutory legal evidence法定证据制度system of legal evidence法官judges法警bailiff; court police法律文书legal instruments/papers法律援助legal aid法律咨询legal consulting法庭辩论court debate法庭调查court investigation法庭审理笔录court record法庭审理方式mode of court trial法庭庭长chief judge of a tribunal法院court法院公告court announcement反诉counterclaim反诉答辩状answer with counterclaim反诉状counterclaim犯罪嫌疑人criminal suspect附带民事诉讼案件 a collateral civil action附带民事诉讼被告defendant of collateral civil action复查reexamination; recheck复验reinspect高级法官senior judge高级检察官senior procurator高级人民法院Higher People's Court告诉案件case of complaint告诉才处理的案件case accepted at complaint告诉申诉庭complaint and petition division工读学校work-study school for delinquent children公安部Ministry of Public Security公安分局public security sub-bureau公安厅public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities underdirect jurisdiction of central government公开审理trial in public公开审判制度open trial system公示催告程序procedure of public summons for exhortation公诉案件public-prosecuting case公诉词statement of public prosecution公证机关public notary office共同管辖concurrent jurisdiction管辖jurisdiction国际司法协助international judicial assistance海事法院maritime court合议庭collegial panel合议庭评议笔录record of deliberating by the collegiate bench和解composition; compromise核对诉讼当事人身份check identity of litigious parties恢复执行resumption of execution回避withdrawal混合式诉讼mixed action基层人民法院basic People's Court羁押期限term in custody级别管辖subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels监视居住living at home under surveillance监狱prison检察官procurator检察权prosecutorial power检察委员会procuratorial/prosecutorial committee检察院procuratorate检察院派出机构outpost tribunal of procuratorate简易程序summary procedure鉴定结论expert conclusion经济审判庭economic tribunal径行判决direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice纠问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings拘传summon by force; summon by warrant拘留所detention house举报information/report of an offence举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi决定书decision军事法院military procuratorate开庭审理open a court session开庭通知notice of court session勘验笔录record of inquest看守所detention house可执行财产executable property控告式诉讼accusatory proceedings控诉证据incriminating evidence控诉职能accusation function扣押distrain on; attachment扣押物distress/distraint宽限期period of grace劳动争议仲裁申请书petition for labor dispute arbitration劳改场reform-through-labor farm劳教所reeducation-through-labor office类推判决的核准程序procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence累积证据cumulative evidence立案报告place a case on file立案管辖functional jurisdiction立案决定书written decision of case-filing立案侦查report of placing a case on file利害关系人interested party临时裁决书interim award律师见证书lawyer's written attestation; lawyer's written authentication律师事务所law office; law firm律师提前介入prior intervention by lawyer免于刑事处分exemption from criminal penalty民事案件civil case民事审判庭civil tribunal民事诉讼civil action民事诉讼法Civil Procedural Law扭送seize and deliver a suspect to the police派出法庭detached tribunal派出所police station判决judgement; determination判决书judgement; determination; verdict （指陪审团作出的）旁证circumstantial evidence陪审员juror批准逮捕approval of arrest破案clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case破产bankruptcy; insolvency普通程序general/ordinary procedure普通管辖general jurisdiction企业法人破产还债程序procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation起诉filing of a lawsuit起诉sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings起诉状indictment; information区县检察院grassroots People's Procuratorate取保候审the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving缺席判决default judgement人民调解委员会People's Mediation Committee认定财产无主案件cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity上诉appeal上诉人appellant上诉状petition for appeal少管所juvenile prison社会治安综合治理comprehensive treatment of social security涉外案件cases involving foreign interests涉外民事诉讼foreign civil proceedings涉外刑事诉讼foreign criminal proceedings申请人applicant; petitioner申请书petition; application for arbitration申请执行人execution applicant申诉人宣誓书claimant's affidavit of authenticity申诉书appeal for revision; petition for revision神示证据制度system of divinity evidence神示制度ordeal system审查案件case review审查并决定逮捕examine and decide arrest审查起诉阶段stage of review and prosecution审理通知书notice of hearing审判长presiding judge审判长宣布开庭presiding judge announce court in session审判管辖adjudgement/trial jurisdiction审判监督程序procedure for trial supervision审判委员会judicial committee审判员judge审问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings生效判决裁定legally effective judgement/order胜诉方winning party省市自治区检察院higher People's Procuratorate失踪和死亡宣告declaration of disappearance and death实（质）体证据substantial evidence实物证据tangible evidence实在证据real evidence示意证据demonstrative evidence视听证据audio-visual evidence收容所collecting post; safe retreat首席大法官chief justice首席检察官chief procurator受害人的近亲属victim's immediate family受理acceptance受理刑事案件审批表registration form of acceptance of criminal case受送达人the addressee书记员court clerk书记员宣读法庭纪律court clerk reads court rules书证documentary evidence司法部Ministry of Justice司法机关judicial organizatons司法警察judicial police司法局judicial bureau司法厅judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under directjurisdiction of central government司法协助judicial assistance死缓的复核judicial review of death sentence with a retrieve死刑复核程序procedure for judicial review of death sentence死刑复核权competence for judicial review of death sentence送达service of process送达传票service of summons/subpoena送达诉状service of bill of complaint搜查search诉sue; suit; action; lawsuit诉前财产保全property attachment prior to lawsuit诉讼litigation; lawsuit; sue; action诉讼保全attachment诉讼参加人litigious participants诉讼代理人agent ad litem诉状complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim特别程序special procedures提起公诉institute a public prosecution铁路法院railway court铁路检察院railroad transport procuratorate庭审程序procedure of court trial通缉wanted for arrest投案appearance退回补充侦查return of a case for supplementary investigation委托辩护entrusted defense未成年人法庭juvenile court无行政职务的法官associate judge无正当理由拒不到庭refuse to appear in court without due cause无罪判决acquittal, finding of “ not guilty ”物证material evidence先予执行申请书application for advanced execution先予执行advanced execution刑事案件criminal case刑事拘留criminal detention刑事强制拘留criminal coercive/compulsory measures刑事审判庭criminal tribunal刑事诉讼criminal proceedings刑事诉讼法Criminal Procedural Law刑事自诉状self-incriminating criminal complaint行政案件administrative case行政审判庭administrative tribunal行政诉讼administrative proceedings行政诉讼法Administrative Procedural Law宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件cases concerning the declaration of disappearance and death宣判笔录record of rendition of judgement选民资格案件cases concerning qualifications of voters询问证人inquire/question a witness训诫reprimand讯问笔录record of interrogation询问犯罪嫌疑人interrogate criminal suspect言词证据verbal evidence要求传唤证人申请书application for subpoena一裁终局arbitration award shall be final and binding一审trial of first instance一审案件case of trial of first instance应诉通知书notice of respondence to action有罪判决sentence; finding of “guilty”予审preliminary examinantion; pretrial原告plaintiff院长court president阅卷笔录record of file review （by lawyers）再审案件case of retrial再审申请书petition for retrial责令具结悔过order to sign a statement of repentance债权人会议creditors' meeting侦查阶段investigation stage侦查终结conclusion of investigation征询原、被告最后意见consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant证据evidence证据保全preserve evidence证据保全申请书application for evidence preservation证人证言testimony of witness; affidavit支付令payment order/warrant知识产权庭intellectual property tribunal执行程序procedure execution执行逮捕execution of arrest执行和解conciliation of execution执行回转recovery of execution执行庭executive tribunal执行异议objection to execution执行员executor执行中止discontinuance of execution执行终结conclusion of execution指定辩护appointed defense指定仲裁员声明statement of appointing arbitrator中级人民法院intermediate People's Court中途退庭retreat during court session without permission仲裁arbitration仲裁被诉人respondent; defendant仲裁裁决award仲裁申请书arbitration仲裁申诉人claimant; plaintiff仲裁庭arbitration tribunal仲裁委员会arbitration committee仲裁协议arbitration agreement; clauses of arbitration仲裁员arbitrator主诉检察官principal procurator助理检察官assistant procurator助理审判员assistant judge专门法院special court专门管辖specific jurisdiction专属管辖exclusive jurisdiction追究刑事责任investigate for criminal responsibility自首confession to justice自诉案件private-prosecuting case自行辩护self-defense自由心证制度doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence 自侦案件self-investigating case最高人民法院the Supreme People's Court 最高人民检察院the Supreme People's Procuratorate最后裁决书final award。
英语常见的法律术语
英文版法律术语draft 法案,草案；Government bill 政府议案；to pass a bill, to carry a bill 通过议案to enact a law, to promulgate a law 颁布法律ratification, confirmation 批准；law enforcement 法律的实施to come into force 生效；decree 法令；clause 条款minutes 备忘录；report 判例汇编codification 法律汇编；legislation 立法legislator 立法者；jurist 法学家jurisprudence 法学；legitimation 合法化legality, lawfulness 法制,合法；legal, lawful 合法的,依法的to contravene a law, to infringe a law, to break a law 违法outlaw, outside the law 超出法律范围的offender 罪犯；to abolish 废止,取消rescission, annulment 废除,取消repeal, revocation, annulment 废除(法律)cancellation, annulment, invalidation 废除(合同)cancellation (支票)作废；annulment 撤消(遗嘱)repeal rescission 撤消(判决)；revocation 撤消immunity 豁免,豁免权；disability, legal incapacity 无资格nonretroactive character 不溯既往性；prescription 剥夺公权attainder 公民权利的剥夺和财产的没收constitutional law 宪法；canon law 教会法规common law 习惯法；criminal law 刑法administrative law 行政法；civil law 民法commercial law, mercantile law 商法law of nations 万国公法,国际法international law 国际法；natural law 自然法labour laws 劳工法；fiscal law 财政法Civil Suit Law, Code of civil law 民事诉讼法Criminal Law 刑事诉讼法；Military Law 军法Conscript Law 兵役法；Copyright Law 著作权法penal code 刑法典；code of mercantile law 商法典civil rights 民事权利,公民权利；right of asylum 避难权human rights, rights of man 人权；(customs) duties 关税death duty, death tax 遗产税；royalties 版税案件受理费court acceptance fee案情重大、复杂important and complicated case案由cause of action 案子case被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件);the accused (用于刑事案件) 被上诉人appellee 被诉人respondent; defendant本案律师councel pro hac vice辩护词defense; pleadings 辩护律师defense lawyer辩护要点point of defense 辩护意见submission裁定书order; ruling; determination（指终审裁定）裁决书award（用于仲裁）；裁决书verdict（用于陪审团）查阅法条source legal provisions出差go on errand; go on a business trip出国深造further study abroad出具律师意见书providing legal opinion出示的证据exhibit；出庭appear in court传票summons; subpoena；待决案件pending case当事人陈述statement of the parties第三人third party调查笔录investigative record调查取证investigation and gathering for evidence调解mediation；调解书mediation二审案件case of trial of second instance法律顾问legal consultants；法律意见书legal opinions 法律援助legal aid ；法律咨询legal counseling 法庭division; tribunal法学系faculty of law; department of law法学学士学位LL.B (Bachelor of Laws)法学院law school法院公告court announcement各类协议和合同agreements and contracts公安局Public Security Bureau；公司上市company listing公诉案件public-prosecuting case；公证书notarial certificate国际贸易international trade国际诉讼international litigation国内诉讼domestic litigation；会见当事人interview a client会见犯罪嫌疑人interview a criminal suspect鉴定结论expert conclusion；看守所detention house跨国诉讼transnational litigation劳动争议labor disputes劳改场reform-through-labor farm; prison farm律师费lawyer fee 律师函lawyer’s letter律师事务所law office; law firm；律师收费billing by lawyer律师执业证lawyer license民事案件civil case 民事调解civil mediation民事诉讼civil litigation派出所local police station; police substation判决judgement(用于民事、行政案件); determination(用于终审); sentence(用于刑事案); verdict(由陪审团作出)旁证circumstantial evidence缺席宣判pronounce judgement or determination by default人民法院People’s Court；人民检察院People’s Procuratorate 上诉案件case of trial of second instance; appellate case上诉人appellant 上诉状petition for appeal申请复议administrative reconsideration petition申请人petitioner; claimant 申诉案件appeal case申诉书appeal for revision, petition for revision受害人victim；司法部Ministry of Justice 送达service of process 诉讼litigation; action; lawsuit诉状complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim物证material evidence ；嫌疑人criminal suspect刑事案件criminal case ；刑事诉讼criminal litigation休庭adjourn the court; recess宣判pronounce judgement; determination 宣誓书affidavit一审案件case of trial of first instanceaction of debt 债务诉讼；acquit 无罪administrative decision 行政判决结果；agency hearing 听证会court of king's bench 王室法院；court of exchequer 财务法院court of common bench 民诉法院；court of divorce 婚姻法院；非法活动unlawful activities；非法利益unlawful interests；非法手段illegal means；国家权力机关state authority国际审判机关state judicial organs国家行政机关state administrative organs国家意志state’s will；国家职能function of the state国民待遇national treatment。
法律英语词汇整理
Part One Basis of Legal English公证人：notary专门名词；术语：terminology故意的；蓄意的：deliberate责任：obligation对等的，互惠的：reciprocal分期付款：instalment上述的；前述的：aforesaid不当：inappropriate审理委员会；特别法庭：tribunal否认：negative诉讼：litigation赔偿；补偿：compensation提起（申请等）；提起（诉讼等）；把……登记备案：file质询（书）：interrogatories否定：denial小册子：booklet常设的；永久的：permanent调解、调停：mediation法官；裁判官；法官席：bench一致的：unanimous强制的；不得上诉的：peremptory财产保全；查封；扣押：attachment赔偿金：damages泄露：divulge举证责任：theburdenofproof宪法的：constitutional入侵：invasion租约：lease成文法：statute样式条款：boilerplate clause无效的：null and void其他以外：inter alia= among others：abatement将……遗赠：bequeath起源：provenance扣押：seizure本金：the principal sum规定，条款：provision 立遗嘱者：testator承租人：tenant等同；同价物：equivalent终止：termination开端：commencement制定：formulation恐吓，威胁：intimidate议会，国会：parliament不可撤销的：irrevocable拆分；分立：split传唤；传讯：summon诉讼当事人：litigant辩解；申诉；事实陈述：allegation伪证；伪证罪：perjury庭外采证：deposition控告（某人）犯罪：impeach（法庭上证人的）证词：testimony仲裁：arbitration无陪审团员的审判：bench trail（陪审团的）裁决，判决，结论：verdict批捕令；搜查令：warrant留置权，扣押权：lien欺诈，误导：deceive侵权：infringement诉讼案件：lawsuit控告：prefer动产：chattel执行者：executor诉状：pleading公司面纱：corporate veil全部，所有的人：all and sundry保释：bailment宣告无效：annul报酬：emolument扣押财物：distress拘押：hold合适和恰当：fit and proper争议，纠纷或索赔：dispute ，controversy or claim承诺, 同意和契约：promise ，agree and 储蓄：deposits covenant原告：plaintiff被告：defendant承认：admission回避：forcause交叉盘问：cross examination诉由不成立：no cause清偿保证书：satisfaction发回重审：relitiganteback宣誓过的：sworn法典注释：annotated code法律顾问：barrister汇票：bill of exchange引证：citation or cite编成法典：codify最高上诉法院：courtoflastresort法庭书记官：courtreporter法律汇编：digest（写在判决书前面的）摘要：headnote 名义上的当事人：nominal party律师助手：paralegal州长：sheriff遵循先例：staredecisis摘要：synonym法令：wirt悬而未决的陪审团：hung jury拉丁语：Bona fide = good faith 善意Ex parte =from one side 片面的In r e =in the matter of 关于，对于Percapita=by l eads 人均对价：consideration汇票：draft票据：instrument 诉状：complaint代表自己，自辩：pro se（withoutanattorney ）和解协议：settlement协商；法律顾问：counsel专家证人：expertwitness无效审判：mistrial推翻：overturn自由心证：power of discretionary先行本：advancesheet法警：bailiff受益人：beneficiary最佳证据：bestevidence传讯者：citator法令：decree记录法庭：court of record授权立法：delegatedlegislation备审案件目录表：docket对答案有诱导性的提问：leadingquestion初审管辖：original jurisdiction被告：respondent单行本：slip law（判决书的）判决理由/说明：syllabus正式起诉书：true bill传票：subpoena习惯法：commonlawDe novo =anew 重新；更始Habeas corpus =you should have the body人身保护令Non obstance verdioto =notwithstanding the verdict 否定裁决Per curiam =by the court 引用法官判词相对人：counterpart兑现：honor请求：motionChapter Two American Legal Regime美国联邦上诉法院：United States Court of =巡回上诉法院：Federal Circuit AppealsfortheFederalCircuit最高法院：Supreme Court中级上诉法院：intermediateCourts美国案例选编：American Law Reports 上诉法院：Court of Appeals高级法院上诉庭：Appellate Division ，Supreme Court法律百科全书：Corpus Juris Secundum任命：nominate等级制度；统治集团：hierarchy地方法官，治安官：magistrate遗嘱检验法庭：probate court仲裁人：arbiter无效；废弃：nullification疏忽，过失；粗心大意：negligence渊源；根源：source合理的：equitable证词，证据：testimony挑选陪审团的过程：voir dire强制的；不得上诉的：peremptory审议：deliberation审判官似的；调查官似的；爱打听的：inquisitorial对抗性的，敌对的：adversarial审理委员会；特别法庭：tribunal送还，还押；发回重审：remade抵押；抵押品；质权：pledge成文法；制定法：statuarylaw判例，先例：precedentAdj. 适当的Vt. 占用，侵吞：appropriate传票；引证：citation控告，起诉：prosecution证人证言：affidavit全体陪审员：panel大陪审团：grand jury分配，分布：distribution过错相抵：contributory negligence专利池：patent pool纠问式：inquisitorial system of justice诉讼文件移送命令：certiorari驳回：dismiss暂停：stay异议：dissent抗辩制度：adversarial system公平的：impartial公告，宣告：announcement处理：dispose 任期：tenure司法权，管辖权；管辖范围：jurisdiction 转让（法律权利或义务）：assign少年法庭：juvenile court对（指诉讼，比赛中等）；相对：versus 执行，施行，实施（法律等）；免除：dispense 支持者；建议者；提出认证遗嘱者；提出证据的人：proponent立法机关；立法机构；立法部；（特指）州会议：legislature挑选陪审团成员：impanel陪审员名单：array自由裁量权：discretion当事人；诉讼委托人：client偏一方的：partisanVt.仲裁，裁判N.裁判，仲裁人：umpire上诉的，受理上诉的：appellate前提：premise发誓：swear依照法令的；法定的：statuary制定（法律）；颁布：enactAdj. 立法的，有立法权的N.立法权；立法机构：legislative竞合：concurrence概要，大纲：synopsis复审：review再审：rehear参议院：Senate僵局：deadlock有效：valid篡改：tamper证据规则：evidentiary r ules纠错法院：CourtofErrors撤销：vacate中止：order发回重审：remand特权：privilege主张，用户：advocacy自认犯罪：self-incrimination有说服力的法律依据：persuasive authority 廉正：integrity苏格拉底问法：socraticmethod 法律术语：legalese附录：appendix出庭律师：attorney of record 顾问：consultant法官的附带意见：dictum委托书：engagement letter出口许可证：export license许可证协议：license agreement公证人：notary public公民投票权：referendum法定时效：statuteoflimitation分区条例：zoning ordinanceChapter Three Constitutional Law司法权：judicial power合法化，正当性：legitimacy海事管辖权：maritime jurisdiction 全权：plenary power终身任期：life tenure 民事诉讼：civilprocedure法律联合会：legal fraternity公司章程：article o f i ncorporation计费工时：billable hour标准：criterion网域名称：domain name当庭提出证据：exhibit合营企业：jointventure贷款申请：loan application专利申请书：patentapplication股东，股票持有人：shareholder可撤销的合同：voidablecontract合法的：legitimate海事法，海商法：admiralty按照，根据：pursuant to/in pursuance of 阐明：set forth被授予、赋予（权利）：be vested with原始（初审）管辖权：original（trial ）jurisdiction 上诉管辖权：appellate jurisdiction自动生效：self-executing 共同管辖权，并存管辖权：concurrentjurisdiction参考司法性（或审判）解释：advisory opinions 做出裁判、裁决：rendition做出裁判裁决，判处：render 串通诉讼：collusive suits 模拟诉讼：mootcases成熟原则：ripeness doctrine确认判决，宣告是判决：declaratoryjudgment 诉由，诉讼资格：standing可归因于：be attributable to裁决，裁定：ruling不适用联邦管辖权（以避免和州管辖权的冲突）：abstain待决的，未决的：pendingV. 阻却、禁止N. 阻碍、阻却因素；法律界：bar立法权：legislative power默示的权利：impliedpower 可救济性：redressability规避（原则）：abstention以……作为前提/条件：bepremisedon禁止、命令、指示：enjoin豁免权：immunity明确列举的权力：enumerated power辅助/附属权利：auxiliary/ancillary power必要与适当条款：necessary and proper clause 实施、实行：carryintoexecution人头税：capitation公共基金开支权：spending power 国会调查权：investigatory power 剥夺……（权利）：depriveof/abridgeof 直接税，对财产征收的税：direct taxes 贸易权：commercepower弹劾：impeachment铸币：coinmoney立法权的委托/授予：delegation of legislative 三权分立原则：the separation of power power doctrine促进、助长、推动：in furtherance of公共职权：public functions剥夺公民权法案：bills of attainder程序性的正当程序：procedural due process 平等保护：equal protection个人财产：personal belongings任意的、武断的：arbitrary 申请……：petitionof有溯及力的，溯及既往的：retroactive事后的、有溯及力的、溯及既往的：ex post facto实质性正当程序：substantivedueprocess裁决、判决：adjudication法定权利：entitlement在下、从下：infra严格审查（标准）：strict scrutiny（maximum 中登记审查（标准）：intermediatescrutiny scrutiny ）合理依据、最低审查（标准）：rational basis （minimal scrutiny ）不合理分类：suspect classification受制于、以……为条件：be subject to 为……量身定做：betailoredto商业条款：Commerce Clause歧视性待遇：disparate treatment纠正歧视行动：affirmativeaction 引发、触发：trigger监禁、禁闭：incarceration主要因素：predominant factor授权条款：enabling provision必要的国家利益：compelling state interest 准嫌疑犯分类：quasi-suspect classification 不正当关系：illicit relationships确认生父诉讼、亲子鉴定诉讼：paternitysuits 基本权利：fundamentalrights避孕药物、避孕工具：contraception 撤销、使无效：revoke流产，堕胎：abortion实施：implement原因：causation修正案：amendment支持：upheld违反：infringe损害：impair区别对待：discriminatory application 反驳：rebuttal牵连：entanglement授权，命令：mandate司法审查：judicial review当代的，同时代的：contemporary 行政部门：executive branch使无效：invalidate详尽的，彻底的：exhaustive 包括、包含：encompass财政部：The Treasury Department全体出席的：plenary严格的必要性：strict n ecessity确权之诉：quiet title action驱逐出境：deport代表：delegate有特权的：prerogative非惩罚性：non-punitive避孕：contraceptives据说，据称：allegedly十足信用法案：full faith and credit问题的可讨论性，未决状态：mootness 多元管辖权：diversity jurisdiction批准，认可：ratification取缔诽谤：outlaw slander授予，给予：conferpromise 允诺acceptance 承诺a meeting of minds 意见一致executed contracts 已履行合同specialty contract 书面盖印合同parol contract 非要式合同simplecontract 简单合同offer 要约contracts u nder s eal 盖印合同contracts i n w riting 书面合同contracts e videnced i n w riting 有书面证明的合同口头合同oral contractsunqualified 无条件的conditional a ssent 有条件的同意standing offer 持续要约return performance 相应允诺letter 书信Mail-box Rule 投邮主义the promisee 被允诺人公共职责public duty accordandsatisfaction 和解与清偿允诺禁反言原则doctrine of promissory estoppelexpress terms 明示条款exemptionclauses 免责条款warranty 担保repudiate 拒绝履行certainty 确定性terms i mplied in f act 事实上的默示customary implied terms 惯例性的条款the repugancy rule 矛盾解释规则part4agreement b etween t he p arties 当事人之间的协议mutual a ssent 当事人之间的协议executory contracts 待履行合同valid 有效的void 无效的voidable 可撤销的unenforceable 不能强制执行revocation 撤回rejectionbytheofferee 受要约人拒绝counter-offer 反要约lapse of time 期限届满incapacity 无行为能力failureof a condition subject to which the offerwasmade 要约条件未能满足performance 履行the mirror i mage rule 镜像原则telegram 电报consideration 对价past c onsideration i s n o c onsideration 过去的对价不是对价the principle of mutuality 相关性原则衡平禁反言原则doctrine of equitableestoppelimplied t erms 默示条款condition 条件rescind 废除theconceptoftotalintegration 合同完整性的概念terms implied i n law 法律上的默示the contra proerentem 不利于提供者规则the f our c orners r ule 四角规则the C ontrol o f E xemption C lauses A ct 管制免责条款条例minor 未成年人persons of u nsound mind 精神病人mistake 错误duress 胁迫illegality 非法性operative mistakes 关键性错误warning notices 警告性通知capacitytocontract 缔约能力a person under the influence of drink 醉酒的人corporations 公司misrepresentation 虚假陈述undue influence 不当影响validity 效力liable to be set aside 衡平法上被撤销commonoridenticalmistakes 相同之错误non-identicalmistake 不相同之错误nonestfactum 非我所签契约fraudulentmisrepresentation 欺诈性的虚假陈述affirm 确认duresstogoods 对货物的胁迫actual undue influence 实际不当影响inequality of b argaining power 谈判能力的不对等illegal contract strictly so called 严格意义上的非法合同illegal a s f ormed 成立违法intended b eneficiaries 有益受害人discharged 解决tender of performance 交付履行impossibility 履行不能occurrence of c ondition subsequent 后续条件的发生cancellation 合同的取消substituted contract 替代合同lapse 终止（或失效）breachofcontract 违约damages 损害赔偿quantum meruit 按合理价格支付injunction 禁令corporatelaw 公司法new wordsand expressionsnominalized 使转变为名词abstain 抑制，弃权destitute 使丧失usage 惯例contingency 意外事故，偶发事件telex 电传detriment 损害，伤害undertaking 承诺charter 包租，租用lumber 木材furnish 提供appellee 被上诉人rescind 废除reputable 值得尊重的mutual mistakes 双方错误unilateral mistake 单方错误null and void 无效innocent or n eglient misrepresentation 无过错或过失性的虚假陈述duresstoaperson 对人的胁迫economic duress 经济胁迫persumed undue influence 假设不当影响unconscionability 显示公平制度operationoflaw 依法定得解除illegal c ontract traditionally s o c alled 传统的非法合同illegal a s p erformed 履行违法incidental beneficiaries 附带受益人performance 履行frustration 合同落空履约具有不现实性impracticability rescission 合同的废除novation 合同的更新release 弃权书account stated 明细账supervening illegality 继起违法anticipatorybreach 预期违约action for an agreed sum 商定金额之诉specific performance 实际履行alternative d ispute r esolution 替代性纠纷解决机制inducememt 诱因，诱导solemnity 庄严perpetrator 做坏事者，犯罪者revocation 撤销，撤回dispatch 发出facsimile 传真forbearance 忍耐，克制，不作为accure 发生，产生vessel 船舶freight 运费aver 提出demurrer 异议，抗辩repudiate 拒不履行shack 棚屋，简陋的小屋emasculate 阉割，削弱demolish 摧毁，推翻，驳倒shear(shore,shorn) 切断，剥夺perjury 伪证（罪）officious 爱管闲事的indemnity 赔偿（金）subrogation 代位（求偿权）vitiate （使）消弱，（使）无效reef 礁，暗礁ab initio 自始，从开始时rescission 废除pecuniary 金钱的rogue 无赖，流氓uberrimae fidei [ 拉]最大诚信convent 女修道院devotee 皈依者consummate 完成infirmity 虚假ex turpi causa non oritur actio [ 拉]非法或不道德行为不能取得诉因quantum valebant [ 拉]支付合理价格原则solus 单独的effectuate 实行，完成revoke 撤销；取消concurrent 同时发生的exculpatory 辩解的，辨明无罪的expectation interest 期待利益restitution interest 返还利益maxim 格言subterfuge 托词，借口overt 明显的，公开的a Mareva injunction 玛瑞瓦禁令Textinternational business transactions 国际商业活动；国际经济交往contract 合同，有法律约束力的承诺或协议restatement 再声明，重述duty 义务; 职责，责任deed 地契，土地证seal 密封文档，密封（证明真实有效）formation 成立manifestation 表现形式collateral 附属的absurdity 荒谬的rote 死记硬背，生搬硬套supersede 废除，废弃efficacy 功效onus 义务，负担dissipate 挥霍salvage 救援，营救tender 招标status quo 现状puff 吹嘘restitutio i n i ntegrum[ 拉]恢复原状avoidance 废止，无效coercive 强制的；强迫的ward 被监护人the balance o f probabilities 可能性较高者lopsided 不平等的defraud 诈取，骗取quantum meruit [ 拉]（无合同规定时）支付合理报酬；应得额；合理金额oust 剥夺，驱逐covenant 协议，协定supervening 接着发生encompass 围绕；包含coronation 加冕礼remotedamages 间接损失relianceinterest 信赖利益liquidateddamages 约定损害赔偿金permeate 弥漫，遍布evasion 规避，遁词slack off 松懈；懈怠warranty 保修单，担保securities law 证券法franchise 特许经营Convention on the International Sales ofGoods(CISG) 联合国国际货物销售合同公约binding 有约束力的stipulation 契约，约定，协定evidenced in writing 有书面证明的mutual a ssent 相互同意bound 有义务的advertisementsofrewards 悬赏广告lapseofoffer 要约失效English law 英国法Blackacre 黑地，黑田（辩论中的假设名字，与whiteacre 相对）writ of error 纠错令Chancery Courts 大法官法庭，大法庭Chancellor 首席法官，大法官conditional a ssent 附条件同意order c onfirmation 确认订单auction 拍卖revocation 撤回option 期权，选择权contingency 意外事故，偶发事件standing offer 持续要约decree 判决，裁定refinance 再融资unqualified 没有附加的条件的return promise 反允诺terms and conditions 条款及细则general conditions o f sale 销售的一般条件；买UNIDROIT PICC 国际统一私法协会国际商卖共同条件；一般销售条件事合同通则Mail-Box Rule 邮箱规则detriment 损害，伤害promisor 做出承诺者，契约者，要约人executed 已执行的full settlement of a debt 全额清偿promissory 承诺的，约定的Privy Court 枢密院法庭the principle 本人，被代理人，委托人；保证人；财产，信托财产qualification 条件，资格consideration 对价promisee 受约人executory 待执行的accordandsatisfaction 和解与清偿the principle of mutuality 交互性原则suspensory 中止的resume 恢复Doctrine of E quitable Estoppel 衡平禁反言原则charter party 租船合同frustrate t he m ain p urpose o f t he c ontract 主要目的受阻volition 自愿选择total integration 一体化；完全整合genesis 起源；开端officiousbystander 好事的旁观者the inserter 起草者the onus o f proof 举证责任guaranteesofminors ’ contracts 未成年人保证责任unsound mind/ mental-imcapacity 心智不全nonestfactum 否认立约the P arol E vidence R ule 口头证言规则absurdity 荒谬，不合理supersededdocuments 替代文件negligence 过失；疏忽indemnity 赔偿（金）Age of M ajority Act 成人年龄法guarantee 被保人subrogation 代位清偿fiduciary 基于信托的，受托人，被信托人inducement 引诱，诱导actionablemisrepresentation 可诉的虚假陈述restitutio i n i ntegrum 恢复原状Uberrimae Fidei 最大诚信原则，坦率诚实prospectus 说明书，简介，募股章程contemplation 深思熟虑，沉思vendor 卖方，卖主mutual rescission 相互解约frustrating events 受阻事项a final balance 最后应付余额，最后结余；最后平衡the Utmost Good Faith 最大善意原则undue influence 不当影响self-induced 自己导致的，自己诱导的operation o f l aw(OOL) 法律的实施（效果）unilateralrescission 单方废止；债权人得单方解除契约original transactions 原始交易commercial impracticability 商业不现实性StatuteofLimitations 诉讼时效supervening illegality 继起违法coronation 加冕礼remotenessofdamage 损害的间隔性unliquidated d amages 未经算定损害赔偿；未清算的损失；未确定损害赔偿额specific performance 照规定严格执行goodfaith 善意；真诚expressrepudiation 明示的履行拒绝interlocutory ( 判决等)在诉讼期间宣告的prohibitory 禁止的pending trial 候审期间，未决事项Choice of F orum Clause 选择法院条款Choice of L aw Clause 适用法律选择条款arbitration a greement 仲裁协议exercisecontested 有争议的boilerplate 样板文件；公式化，陈词滥调prevail 占优势optioncontract 期权合同leverage 杠杆作用，举债经营unconscionability 显失公平;显失公平原则impossible of performance 履行不能frustration o f p urpose 合同目的落空Forcr M ajeure C lauses 不可抗力条款foreseeability 可预见性,预见性extravagant 奢侈的；挥霍的claimant 原告，索赔者constant supervision 持续监督good f aith p erformance 合同履行中的诚信原则；善意履行perpetual 不间断的；持续的mandatory 强制的；法定的Municiple Courts 市法院Forum Selection Clause 法院管辖之条款commercial a rbitration 商事仲裁arbitration clauses 仲裁条款recital 一系列事件等的详述Caveat Emptor 货物出门概不退换，买主须自行当心（货物的品质）；买主当心merchandise 货物Statute of Fraudes 反欺诈法unjust enrichment 不正当得利third-party beneficiary 受益第三方forfeiture 没收，丧失illusory promise 虚幻允诺omission 疏忽，懈怠，做某事失败in pais 无法律手续或书据Unit Five故意侵权intentionaltorts威吓assault侵害地产或动产trespasstoLand/Chattels •detrimental r eliance有害依赖；不利之信赖material b reach 重大违约，实质性违约rescind 废除；撤销UniformCommercialCode(UCC) 美国统一商法典quasi-contract 准契约；准合同殴打battery非法监禁false imprisonment侵占他人动产conversion故意精神伤害Intentional infliction of 抗辩事由defenses emotional d istress特权privilege正当防卫self-defense责任duty实际损失或伤害actual loss or damage 比较过失comparativenegligence明示自冒风险express assumption of risk 暗示自冒风险implied assumption of risk 中介原因interveningcause 原告同意consent紧急避险necessity不履行责任breach原告过失contributory negligence自冒风险assumption of risk免责条款exculpatoryclause后果的预见性foreseeabilityofconsequences 连带责任joint and several liability补偿indemnity土地所有人possessor占有人occupier土地侵权人trespasser侵权儿童trespassing children被邀请人invitee不当行为/不当履行misfeasance替代责任vicarious liability侵犯隐私privacytorts侵扰他人私生活intrusion不正当竞争competitive torts倾销dumpingLiability for negligence 过失责任Remedies 损害赔偿Defamation 诽谤Misrepresentation 虚假表述Trespass 非法侵入Product liability 产品责任Damages 赔偿金Punitive d amages 惩罚性赔偿金Discrete 分离的Thestatuteoflimitations 诉讼时效Tavern 客栈Hatchet 短柄小斧；言归于好Integrity 完整Prima facie case 表面上证据确凿的案件Impediment 妨碍Quare clausum fregit 缘何侵入私地令Intermeddle 干涉Dispossess 剥夺Misfeasance 错误行为Agrarian 土地的，农村的Public nuisance 公共公害Omission 疏忽；懈怠Entrant 参加者Satisfaction 清偿Negligentmisrepresentation 过失的虚假表述Sedition 煽动Loathsome 令人讨厌的Duty o f c are 注意义务Incompatible 矛盾的Disparagement 轻视Revelation 披露分担contribution所有权人owner自然危险情况natural hazards被许可人licensee诱惑性公海原则attractive nuisance doctrine 商业被邀请人businessinvitee懈怠不作为/不作为nonfeasance低于成本销售salesbelowcost盗用他人肖像权appropriation扭曲他人形象public disclosure of private life 虚假宣传falseadvertising雇主负责制respondent superiorCivil liability 民事责任Invasionofprivacy 侵犯隐私Fraud 欺诈Conversion 侵犯他人财产Trespass to land/chattels 侵犯他人土地/财产Restitution 返还原物，赔偿金Compensatory damages 补偿性伤害赔偿金Special damages 特定损害赔偿金Affinity 亲切关系Causation 因果关系Cause in fact 事实上的原因Proximate cause 最近原因Malice 恶意Blackout 灯火管制；暂时失去知觉Res Ipsa Loquitur 让事实说话Foreseeability 预见性Tort-feasor 侵权行为人Misconduct 行为不当Non-feasance 不行为Nuisance 妨害行为Private n uisance 私人妨害Contributory negligence 混合过失Confinement 拘禁Indemnity 补偿Malpractice 玩忽职守Libel 书面诽谤Consortium 配偶的地位和权利Venereal 性交的Unchastity 放荡Falselight 扭曲他爱人形象Deceive 欺诈Competitive torts 侵权竞合 Premises 房地产Palm off 哄骗Wherewithal 为做某事而需要的钱 Legal c ause 法定原因，近因 Assailant 攻击者 Defect 瑕 疵Accrue 利息等的自然增值；诉讼的发生 Awritoftrespass侵害令状Confinement 监禁 Deliberation 深思熟虑Trespass de bonis asportate 带走他人动产 Dispossess 剥夺占有 Blackout 失去知觉 Res ipsa Loquitur 不言自明Per c uriam 全庭审Bystander旁观者Impliedwarranty默示担保Entrant 新工作者 ;进入者 Liable 有责任的 Recreationalpremises 娱乐场所 Caveat emptor 顾客留心（一经出售概不负责）Statutesofrepose除斥期间Charitable immunity慈善事业免责Vicarious liability 替代责任Restatement (second) of torts 民事侵权行为重述 （ 第 二 版 ） Prosser 普罗塞（美国杰出法官）part 8双重主义： dualsovereignty 犯罪意图： mensrea联邦和州监狱： prison 或 penitentiary无罪推定： presumption of innocence正当程序： dueprocess 自证其罪： self-incrimination悬而未决的陪审团： hung jury 不抗辩： no contest/nolo contendere 双重危境： double jeopardyIdiosyncratic 独特的 Pass off 冒充 Recoup 重获 Disclose 告 知 Supersede 取代 Warranty 担保；保单 Willful and wanton 放任的Vicarious liability 雇主责任，替代别人的责任 Intent 主观 Volition 意愿 Malice 预谋 Vandal 蓄意破坏者 Proximate cause 近因 Calculus of risk 风险预测计算 But-for causation 若非因果关系 Joint and s everal liability共同连带责任The impact rule 影响规则 Premises liability 场所责任 Nuisance 妨 害Dangerous instrumentality doctrine危险工具Criminal assailants刑事攻击者Caveat lessee 警告承租人Misdiagnosis 错误的诊断 Municipal immunity 市场免责Defamation诽谤Prima facie cause of action诉讼的初步原因Reasonably p rudent p erson合理谨慎的人商业条款： Commerce Clause 夜晚破门入户企图犯重罪： burglary 联邦刑事诉讼法规： Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure排除合理怀疑： proof beyond reasonable doubt隐私权： rightofprivacy以第五条修正案作为辩护理 由P ：lead the Fifth失审：mistrial认罪协商： pleabargainingAcquitted 无罪actusreus ：犯罪行为Allege ：声称Bail：保释bill of attainder ：未经审批直接判有罪Burglary ：闯入他人室内并实施其他犯罪Causation ：犯罪行为和结果之间的因果联系Circumstantial e vidence 旁证Confession：认罪Conspiracy ：共谋Culpable ：有罪的Diplomatic immunity ：外交豁免Entrapment ：诱捕Expostfacto ：溯及既往的First degree murder ：一级谋杀Indictment 刑事起诉状Involuntary manslaughter 因放任或过失在实施其他犯罪行为时造成他人死亡Knock and announce rule 警察搜查时的程序要求Larceny 盗窃Misdemeanor 轻罪Mitigatingcircumstances 罪行减轻情节Motive 犯罪动机Openingstatement 开庭陈述Parole 有条件释放，假释Peremptory challenge 无须理由要求陪审员回避Petty offence 轻微违法行为Police interrogation 警察讯问Probation 缓刑Provocation 挑衅，激怒Reasonable d oubt 合理怀疑Seizure 没收Sheriff 法警，警长Subpoena 传讯，强制传唤Treason 叛国罪Extradition 引渡Federalcriminalstatutes 联邦刑事法规Fictitious=fraudulent 欺骗性的；虚构的County jail 郡的看守所Conviction 定罪Accused ：被告Aforethought：预谋的Asphyxia ：窒息Bigamy 重婚罪Briber y：行贿罪capital p unishment ：死刑challenge for cause ：在陪审员资格审查中因法定原因要求陪审员回避Coercion ：强制Consent ：赞成，同意Corpus delicti ：犯罪事实Detention ：拘留Embezzle ：贪污Euthanasia ：安乐死Felony：重罪Habeas corpus 人身保护令Intoxication 中毒，喝醉Justifiable homicide 有正当理由杀人（如执行死刑）Knowingly 故意的犯罪心理MirandaWarning 米兰达警告Mistrial 因程序问题而导致的无效审判Money laundering 洗钱Obstruction of justice 妨碍司法公证Pardon 赦免Penal c ode 刑法典Perpetrator 犯罪者Plea b argaining 辩诉交易Presumption of innocence 无罪推定Prosecute 提起公诉Public defender 公设辩护律师Searchwarrant 搜查令Sentence 刑事判决，量刑Statutoryrape 法定强奸罪Summons 传票传唤Preponderance of t he evidence 优势证据原则Falsify 伪造Imprisonment 监禁Community service 社区义工Bail bondsmen 保释担保人Corrections officers 狱警Dismiss the charge 撤销指控Wrongfuldeath 错误致死More-than-ordinary=recklessness=criminal negligence 轻率Misperceives reality 对现实认识错误Drug paraphernalia 毒品相关设备Man-endangering 危害到人Strict liability law 严格责任法律Proportionality principle 比例原则Fine 罚金Warrantless arrest 无证逮捕Information 检察院起诉书Excessive bail 过高的保释Judge-made doctrine 法官造法原则MirandaWarnings 米兰达警告Wiretapping statute 窃听法Detention 拘留Grand Jury Appearance 陪审团出席Hot Pursuit 越境追捕Custody 保管；监护Preliminary hearing 预审听证Suppression hearings 听证会Juror opposition 陪审员的反对Right to counsel 获得律师辩护的权利guilty plea 有罪答辩potential penalty 潜在的惩罚paroleterm 假释期限plea bargaining 认罪协商，辩诉交易prosecutorial vindictiveness 报复性起诉hearsay 传闻证据，道听途说harsher sentence 更严厉的判决reconviction 再判决；重新判决atypical and s ignificant hardship 非典型及重大困境，异常而重大的困苦felony murder 谋杀重罪sanity requirement 理智的需求mentalretardation 智力缺陷，精神发育迟缓first appeal 第二审；第一次上诉retroactivity 溯及既往probation 缓刑penologicalinterests 刑罚学利益medical malpractice 医疗事故；医疗纠纷；医Speedy jury trial 快速陪审团Incarcerate （被)监禁Careless/negligent 过失、疏忽大意Unintentional conduct 无意识行为Mistake of law 对法律认识错误Malicious behavior 邪恶行为Culprit 犯罪嫌疑人Gravity 严重性Infraction 侵害Arson 纵火Self-defense 自卫Infamous crime 不名誉罪Exclusive r ule 排除规则Fruit of the p oisonous tree 毒树之果Causal chain 因果关系Parole revocation 假释撤销Station House Detention 派出所拘留DeadlyForce 致命暴力Evanescentevidence 容易消失的证据Waiver 豁免；弃权Stand trial 提起诉讼Burdenofproof 举证责任Inconsistentverdict 不一致的判决Confront w itness 与证人对质plea agreemen 认罪协议tdefense c ounsel 辩护律师fatal 致命的；毁灭性的disproportionate 不成比例的，比例失调的confirmation 证明; 确认resentence 重新判决de novo 重新, 更始jury sentencing 陪审团的判决proportionality 比例原则，（行动、处罚等的）相称原则，恰当性lethalforce 致命武器insane 精神失常的recidivist statutes 累犯法frivolous 轻率的parole 假释imprisonment 关押，监禁contraband 走私，走私品unbiased 公正的；不偏不倚的；无偏见的疗过失double jeopardy 一事不再理原则juvenile proceedings 未成年人诉讼程序sentence enhancer 强化判决collateral estoppel 间接禁反言quasi-criminal 准刑事案；准刑事性；准刑事犯罪prostitute 妓女duly 及时的，适时的balance 差额；结余pertinent 有关的warrant 批捕令，搜查令MIMIC 模仿grandjurytestimony 大陪审团作证trespassory 非法盗窃exclusionary 排斥（性）的；排除在外的exercisestatutory law 成文法，制定法slander 口头诽谤invasion 侵略；侵入homicide 杀人行为maladjusted 失调的；不能适应环境的deus ex machina 解围的人或事件supervision 监督;管理firearm 火器，尤指手枪或步枪conversion 财产转换，兑换bribe 贿赂，行贿duress 强迫，胁迫，威胁false pretenses 欺诈，诈骗amicus curiae 法庭之友skips bail 跳过保释acquit 判决无罪，宣告无罪，开释nullification 无效;废弃mandatory 强制的，义务的contraband 走私attorneygeneral 首席检察官，司法部长grand jury 大陪审团burden 责任，义务prison i nmates 牢犯empanel 选任（陪审员）commencement 开端，开始separate sovereign 独立主权forfeiture 没收；丧失innocent owner 无辜所有主，无过错所有人exigent 紧急的；迫切的accusatory 控告的，控诉的suppress 禁止，使止住handcuff 上手铐prima f acie c ase 表面上证据确凿的案件wingspan 翼幅；翼展Criminal Procedure L aw (CPL) 刑事诉讼法defraud 欺诈magistrate 地方法官，治安官the Rosario doctrine 罗萨里奥学说、理论preponderance 优势；多数battery 殴打罪libel（书面）诽谤extortion 强取；敲诈；勒索malum in se 不法, 不法行为responsiblecorporateofficer 公司管理负责人员forgery 伪造，伪造的文书、签名等misappropriation 侵吞，挪用，滥用;私吞wirefraud 网络诈骗，电信诈骗espionage 侦察;间谍活动assault 突袭，侵犯（人身），威胁kidnapping 绑架searchwarrant 搜查证white collar crime 白领犯罪double-jeopardy 一事不再理原则conspiracy 阴谋，同谋，串谋，共谋closing statements 结束的控词nolocontendere 无罪申诉（刑事诉讼中，被告不认罪但又放弃申辩）prerequisite 先决条件，前提borne by 由……。
法律英语重点专业术语
法律英语重点专业术语1. 异议（Objection）- 定义：宣称对某项证据、诉讼程序或推定事实的合法性提出质疑。
- 例句：The defense lawyer raised an objection to the admissibility of the witness's statement. (辩护律师对证人陈述的可证据性提出了异议。
)2. 陪审团（Jury）- 定义：由普通公民组成的法庭成员小组，负责听取证据并对案件作出裁决。
- 例句：The defendant requested a trial by jury. (被告请求进行陪审团审判。
)3. 遗嘱（Will）- 定义：被遗嘱人在生前所做的书面声明，规定了他们在去世后财产、遗产、监护权等方面的安排。
- 例句：The deceased's will was read out in the presence of the family members. (在家人面前宣读了亡人的遗嘱。
)4. 聆讯（Hearing）- 定义：在法庭上进行的非正式讨论或审理，目的是解决特定问题。
- 例句：The hearing was adjourned until next week. (聆讯被延期至下周。
)5. 保释（Bail）- 定义：通过支付一定金额或提供财产作为抵押，被告在审判期间被保释出狱，以确保其出庭接受审判。
- 例句：The judge granted bail to the defendant pending further investigation. (法官在进一步调查前准许了被告的保释。
)6. 联邦调查局（FBI）- 定义：美国联邦调查局，是美国国内主要负责执法和情报收集的联邦机构。
- 例句：The FBI is conducting an investigation into the case. (FBI 正在对该案展开调查。
法律英语词汇
法律英语词汇法律英语词汇在法律领域，有许多专业术语和词汇需要了解。
下面是一些常用的法律英语词汇：1. Law - 法律2. Legal - 法律的3. Legislation - 立法4. Statute - 法令5. Act - 法案6. Constitution - 宪法7. Court - 法院8. Judge - 法官9. Jury - 陪审团10. Plaintiff - 原告11. Defendant - 被告12. Attorney - 律师13. Witness - 证人14. Evidence - 证据15. Trial - 审判16. Verdict - 裁决17. Appeal - 上诉18. Jurisdiction - 司法权19. Bail - 保释20. Sentencing - 判决21. Tort - 侵权行为22. Contract - 合同23. Breach - 违约24. Liability - 责任25. Damages - 赔偿金26. Negligence - 疏忽27. Fraud - 欺诈28. Property - 财产29. Estate - 房地产30. Will - 遗嘱31. Trust - 信托32. Patent - 专利33. Copyright - 版权34. Trademark - 商标35. Infringement - 侵权36. Bankruptcy - 破产37. Contractual - 合同的38. Criminal - 刑事的39. Civil - 民事的40. Administrative - 行政的41. Constitutional - 宪法的42. International - 国际的43. Liability - 责任44. Negligence - 疏忽45. Intentional - 故意的46. Due Process - 正当程序47. Jurisprudence - 法学48. Precedent - 先例49. Stare Decisis - 依据先例50. Habeas Corpus - 人身保护权51. Confidentiality - 保密性52. Dispute - 争端53. Injunction - 禁令54. Public - 公共的55. Private - 私人的56. Liability - 责任57. Malpractice - 不当行为58. Probate - 遗产审计59. Slander - 诽谤60. Libel - 诽谤罪61. Suing - 控告62. Settlement - 和解63. Restitution - 赔偿64. Breach of contract - 违约65. Act of God - 天灾66. Affidavit - 宣誓书67. Doctrines - 教条68. Breach of trust - 违背信任69. Jurisdiction - 司法权70. Lien - 留置权71. Remedy - 补救72. Statutes of limitations - 时效法73. Contempt - 蔑视74. Acquittal - 无罪释放75. Inadmissible - 不可采用的76. Null and void - 无效77. Alibi - 不在场证明78. Arraignment - 传讯79. Litigation - 诉讼80. Conviction - 有罪定罪81. Cross-examination - 盘问82. Defamation - 诽谤83. Inquest - 审讯84. Disbar - 剥夺执业权85. Extradition - 引渡86. Fiduciary - 受托人87. Indictment - 起诉书88. Plea - 奏折89. Pro bono - 免费律师90. Testimony - 证词91. Warrant - 法令92. Appeal - 上诉93. Bailiff - 安保人员94. Dismiss - 解雇95. Embezzlement - 盗窃罪96. Forfeit - 剥夺97. Injunction - 禁制令98. Mitigating - 降低99. Notary - 公证人100. Tortfeasor - 侵权者以上是一些常见的法律英语词汇，希望对您有所帮助！。
(完整版)法律专业英语词汇
完整版)法律专业英语词汇Part 1: 刑法词汇1.罪犯（criminal）：犯罪行为的实施者。
2.杀人（murder）：故意造成他人死亡的行为。
3.盗窃（theft）：非法占有他人财产的行为。
4.强奸（rape）：非法性侵他人的行为。
5.纵火（arson）：故意放火的行为。
6.敲诈（___）：以暴力或威胁手段获取财产的行为。
7.走私（smuggling）：非法将商品或物品携带入境或出境。
8.贩毒（drug trafficking）：非法交易毒品或在毒品交易中参与。
9.偷税漏税（___）：通过欺诈手段逃避缴纳税款。
10.洗钱（money laundering）：将非法获取的资金合法化。
Part 2: 民事法词汇1.合同（contract）：双方达成的书面或口头协议，产生法律效力。
2.索赔（claim）：要求对方支付损失或赔偿的权利。
3.诉讼（n）：通过法律程序解决争端。
4.侵权（infringement）：侵犯他人权益或利益的行为。
5.损害赔偿（n）：对因他人行为受到损害的一方支付的补偿款项。
6.法定继承人（legal heir）：根据法律规定，有权继承遗产的人。
7.执行（enforcement）：将法律判决或裁决强制执行的行为。
8.违约（breach of contract）：不履行或违反合同中规定的义务。
9.诉讼费用（n costs）：诉讼过程中产生的费用，如律师费、鉴定费等。
10.司法鉴定（judicial appraisal）：法院指定的专门机构对相关事实或证据进行鉴定。
Part 3: 行政法词汇1.行政机关（administrative organ）：政府管理机关，行使行政权力。
2.行政处罚（administrative penalty）：行政机关根据法律或法规对违法行为采取的处罚措施。
3.行政许可（administrative license）：行政机关根据法律或法规对特定行为发出的批准文件。
法律英语词汇大全理解法律文件的专业术语
法律英语词汇大全理解法律文件的专业术语法律英语词汇大全：理解法律文件的专业术语在法律领域中，准确理解和使用法律英语词汇是非常重要的，无论是在阅读法律文件、撰写法律文件还是与法律相关的交流中。
本文将提供一个全面的法律英语词汇大全，以帮助读者更好地理解法律文件中的专业术语。
一、常见法律英语词汇列表1. Legal system - 法律体系2. Jurisdiction - 司法权3. Legislation - 立法4. Statute - 法规5. Regulation - 规章6. Amendment - 修正案7. Adjudication - 判决8. Defendant - 被告9. Plaintiff - 原告10. Evidence - 证据11. Trial - 审判12. Appeal - 上诉13. Attorney - 律师14. Advocate - 辩护人15. Judge - 法官16. Court - 法庭17. Legal precedent - 法律先例18. Contract - 合同19. Tort - 侵权行为20. Intellectual property - 知识产权21. Copyright - 版权22. Trademark - 商标23. Patent - 专利24. Liability - 责任25. Injunction - 禁令26. Arbitration - 仲裁27. Fraud - 欺诈28. Negligence - 过失29. Confidentiality - 保密30. Compliance - 合规二、法律英语词汇解析1. Legal system（法律体系）：法律体系指的是一国或地区的法律制度和机构的总称，包括宪法、法律、司法权力等。
2. Jurisdiction（司法权）：司法权指的是法院对特定案件的管辖权，包括管辖范围和地域范围。
很全的一版法律英语词汇
很全的一版法律英语词汇引言法律英语是法律专业人士必备的一项重要技能。
无论是在法律实践中的法庭辩论，还是在法律文书的撰写中，合适的法律英语词汇都是至关重要的。
本文档旨在提供一个很全的法律英语词汇列表，帮助读者提高法律英语的水平。
一、通用法律术语w - 法律2.Legislation - 法规3.Statute - 法令4.Regulation - 规章5.Act - 法案6.Case - 案例7.Jurisdiction - 管辖权8.Court - 法院9.Judge - 法官10.A ttorney - 律师11.D efendant - 被告12.P lntiff - 原告13.W itness - 证人14.E vidence - 证据15.V erdict - 裁决二、合同法1.Contract - 合同2.Offer - 出价3.Acceptance - 接受4.Consideration - 对价5.Breach - 违约6.Performance - 履行7.Damages - 损害赔偿8.Termination - 终止9.Agreement - 协议10.C ounteroffer -还盘三、刑法1.Crime - 犯罪2.Offense - 违法行为3.Murder - 谋杀4.Robbery - 抢劫5.Theft - 盗窃6.Assault - 袭击7.Fraud - 欺诈8.Sentence - 判决9.Conviction - 定罪10.G uilty - 有罪11.I nnocent - 无罪四、知识产权法1.Copyright - 版权2.Trademark - 商标3.Patent - 专利4.Infringement - 侵权5.Intellectual Property - 知识产权6.License - 许可证7.Royalty - 版税8.Invention - 发明9.Trade Secret - 商业秘密10.F r Use - 合理使用五、公司法pany - 公司2.Shareholder - 股东3.Director - 董事4.Merger - 合并5.Acquisition - 收购6.Incorporation - 注册成立7.Bylaws - 法规章程8.Share - 股份9.Dividend - 红利10.B oard of Directors - 董事会六、劳动法1.Employment - 就业2.Employee - 员工3.Employer - 雇主4.Discrimination - 歧视5.Overtime - 加班6.Termination - 解雇7.Retaliation - 报复8.Worker’s Compensation - 工伤赔偿9.Collective Bargning - 集体协商10.M inimum Wage - 最低工资结论以上展示了一个很全的法律英语词汇列表，覆盖了通用法律术语以及一些常见的法律领域术语。
法律英语词汇大全(完美版)
法律英语词汇大全（完美版）一、基本法律词汇1. 法律（Law）：国家制定或认可的，用以规范社会成员行为、调整社会关系的规范总称。
2. 法规（Regulation）：国家行政机关根据法律制定的具有普遍约束力的规范性文件。
3. 条款（Clause）：法律、合同等文件中的具体规定。
4. 判决（Judgment）：法院对案件审理后作出的结论性意见。
5. 律师（Lawyer）：依法取得执业资格，为社会提供法律服务的专业人员。
6. 诉讼（Lawsuit）：当事人依法向法院提起的请求保护自己合法权益的程序。
二、刑法相关词汇1. 犯罪（Crime）：违反刑法规定，危害社会，依法应受刑罚处罚的行为。
2. 罪名（Charge）：对犯罪嫌疑人指控的具体犯罪名称。
3. 刑罚（Punishment）：国家对犯罪分子实行的一种强制措施，包括主刑和附加刑。
4. 刑事责任（Criminal Responsibility）：犯罪分子因其犯罪行为所应承担的法律责任。
5. 量刑（Sentencing）：法院根据犯罪分子的犯罪事实、情节和悔罪表现，依法决定刑罚的种类和幅度。
三、民法相关词汇1. 合同（Contract）：当事人之间设立、变更、终止民事法律关系的协议。
2. 权利（Right）：法律赋予当事人实现某种利益的可能性。
3. 义务（Obligation）：当事人依法应承担的责任。
4. 赔偿（Compensation）：因侵权行为给他人造成损失，依法应承担的经济补偿责任。
5. 继承（Inheritance）：继承人依法取得被继承人遗产的法律制度。
四、商法相关词汇1. 公司（Company）：依法设立的，以营利为目的的企业法人。
2. 股东（Shareholder）：持有公司股份，享有公司权益和承担公司风险的人。
3. 破产（Bankruptcy）：债务人因不能清偿到期债务，经法院宣告破产，对其财产进行清算的法律程序。
4. 票据（Bill）：具有一定格式，载明一定金额，由出票人签发，无条件支付给持票人或指定人的有价证券。
法律英语词汇大全
法律英语词汇大全1. 引言在全球化的背景下，法律英语成为了越来越重要的一门专业。
无论是在法律实践、国际交流还是学术研究中，掌握法律英语词汇是非常重要的。
为了帮助读者更好地理解和运用法律英语，本文将介绍一些常见的法律英语词汇，涵盖了法律领域中常见的词汇和术语。
希望本文能够为读者提供一份有用的法律英语词汇参考。
2. 法律组织和机构以下是一些常见的法律组织和机构的英语词汇：•United Nations (联合国)•World Trade Organization (世界贸易组织) •International Court of Justice (国际法院)•International Criminal Court (国际刑事法院)•European Court of Human Rights (欧洲人权法院)•International Bar Association (国际律师协会)•American Bar Association (美国律师协会) 3. 法律原则和规则以下是一些常见的法律原则和规则的英语词汇：•Rule of Law (法治)•Due Process (正当程序)•Equality before the Law (法律面前人人平等)•Presumption of Innocence (无罪推定)•Double Jeopardy (双重危险)•Freedom of Speech (言论自由)•Right to Privacy (隐私权)4. 合同和协议以下是一些与合同和协议相关的英语词汇：•Contract (合同)•Agreement (协议)•Offer (要约)•Acceptance (承诺)•Consideration (对价)•Breach of Contract (违约)•Termination (终止)•Arbitration (仲裁)•Mediation (调解)•Force Majeure (不可抗力)5. 侵权和犯罪以下是一些与侵权和犯罪相关的英语词汇：•Tort (侵权行为)•Negligence (过失) •Damages (损害赔偿) •Fraud (欺诈) •Embezzlement (盗窃罪) •Money Laundering (洗钱) •Robbery (抢劫) •Murder (谋杀) •Burglary (入室盗窃) •Extortion (敲诈勒索)6. 知识产权以下是一些与知识产权相关的英语词汇：•Intellectual Property (知识产权)•Patent (专利)•Trademark (商标)•Copyright (版权)•Trade Secret (商业秘密)•Infringement (侵权)•Licensing (许可)•Royalties (版税)•Counterfeit (假冒)•Anti-Piracy (反盗版)7. 法律程序以下是一些与法律程序相关的英语词汇：•Trial (审判)•Defendant (被告)•Plntiff (原告)•Judge (法官)•Jury (陪审团)•Witness (证人)•Evidence (证据)•Verdict (裁决)•Appeal (上诉)•Settlement (和解)8. 法律职业以下是一些与法律职业相关的英语词汇：•Lawyer (律师)•Attorney (代理律师)•Judge (法官)•Paralegal (律师助理)•Barrister (大律师)•Solicitor (执业律师)•Legal Consultant (法律顾问)•Legal Secretary (法律秘书)•Legal d (法律援助)•Law Clerk (法官助理)9. 法律文书以下是一些常见的法律文书的英语词汇：•Affidavit (宣誓书)•Complnt (起诉书) •Indictment (起诉书) •Subpoena (传票) •Summons (传票)•Warrant (逮捕令)•Contract (合同)•Will (遗嘱)•Power of Attorney (授权委托书) •Lease (租约)10. 结论以上是一些常见的法律英语词汇，涵盖了法律领域中各个方面的词汇和术语。
常用法律英语词汇注解
常用法律英语词汇注解
1. Agreement：协议，合同，是指双方或者多方认可的一项书面契约，具有法律效力，通常涉及到经济、商务等领域。
2. Clause：条款，协议或者合同的构成部分，每个条款都有其独立
的约束力。
3. Covenant：盟约，契约，是指有权威参与者之间达成的关于遵守
该文件规定的书面契约。
4. Disclosure：披露，是指当事人告知关于双方权利义务的相关信息。
5. Indemnity：赔偿，该条款规定，当被起诉或者拒绝执行合同时，
一方担负赔偿的义务。
6. Liability：责任，是指其中一行为可能导致其中一实体承担法律
责任的原因。
7. Negotiations：谈判，协商，是指双方或者多方通过对话、讨论
与交涉，以达成一致意见与行动的过程。
8. Obligation：义务，是指一些行为是必须要执行的，一旦发生的
行为就会导致法律形式的义务。
9. Precedent：先例，指一类案件的案例判决，可以供未来例似案件
参考之用。
10. Warrant：授权，是指特定的一实体具有代表另一实体或者特定
事务的权利。
法律英语词汇
法律英语词汇在当今全球化的时代，法律英语作为一种重要的专业英语，被广泛应用于国际法律交流和合作中。
因此了解和掌握一些常见的法律英语词汇是每位法律从业者的基本要求。
本文将从不同领域的法律英语词汇出发，为读者提供一份简要的参考。
一、合同法1. Contract - 合同2. Offer - 出价3. Acceptance - 接受4. Consideration - 对价5. Breach of contract - 违约6. Damages - 赔偿7. Termination - 终止8. Force majeure - 不可抗力9. Arbitration - 仲裁10. Jurisdiction - 管辖权二、刑法1. Crime - 犯罪2. Offense - 罪行3. Guilty - 有罪4. Innocent - 无辜5. Evidence - 证据6. Attorney - 律师7. Bail - 保释金8. Trial - 审判9. Verdict - 裁决10. Sentence - 判决三、知识产权法1. Copyright - 版权2. Patent - 专利3. Trademark - 商标4. Infringement - 侵权5. Royalties - 版权费6. Intellectual property - 知识产权7. Fair use - 合理使用8. Injunction - 禁令9. License - 许可10. Trade secret - 商业秘密四、劳动法1. Employee - 雇员2. Employer - 雇主3. Labor contract - 劳动合同4. Minimum wage - 最低工资5. Overtime pay - 加班费6. Discrimination - 歧视7. Harassment - 骚扰8. Unemployment benefits - 失业救济金9. Collective bargaining - 集体谈判10. Work injury compensation - 劳动争议五、国际法1. Treaty - 条约2. Diplomacy - 外交3. Sovereignty - 主权4. United Nations - 联合国5. International Court of Justice - 国际法庭6. Human rights - 人权7. Humanitarian law - 人道主义法律8. Peacekeeping - 维和9. Sanctions - 制裁10. War crime - 战争罪六、民事诉讼1. Plaintiff - 原告2. Defendant - 被告3. Complaint - 控诉4. Pleading - 辩词5. Judgment - 判决书6. Appeal - 上诉7. Discovery - 调查8. Subpoena - 传票9. Mediation - 调解10. Settlement - 和解总结：了解法律英语词汇不仅有助于提高法律专业的英语水平，也为国际法律领域的合作和交流提供了便利。
有关法学的名词解释英语
有关法学的名词解释英语近年来，随着国际交流的不断加强，法学作为一门学科也逐渐受到了广泛的关注。
学习法学的过程中，我们经常会遇到一些专业术语，尤其是在英文文献中。
为了帮助大家更好地理解这些术语，本文将对一些常见的法学名词进行解释。
1. Law法律Law是法学中最基本、最核心的概念之一。
它指的是由国家或社会制定和执行的一套规则，用于维护社会秩序、保护权益，以及调整人们在社会中的行为。
2. Legal法定的Legal是指符合法律规定、合法的。
在法律层面上，合乎法律规定的行为被称为legal action，而不合法的行为则被称为illegal action。
3. Constitution宪法Constitution是指一个国家或组织的最高法律文件，它规定了政府组织结构、公民权利和义务，以及政府与公民之间的关系。
宪法通常具有最高的法律权威，其他法律必须符合宪法的规定。
4. Contract合同Contract是指双方或多方在法律上达成的一种协议，约定了各方的权利和义务。
合同是法律上诉诸的一种重要形式，用于规范商业和个人之间的关系。
5. Tort民事侵权行为Tort是指一种违反法律规定，给他人造成损害的行为。
民事侵权行为是指以疏忽、过失或意图为基础，对个人财产或人身安全造成损害的行为，如肇事车辆驾驶员的责任、医疗事故等。
6. Criminal刑事犯罪的Criminal是指犯罪行为或与犯罪有关的事物。
刑事犯罪是指违反刑法规定，触犯国家法律的行为。
常见的刑事犯罪包括盗窃、杀人、贩毒等。
7. Evidence证据Evidence是指用于证明一个事实或支持一个主张的信息或物品。
在法律中，证据是决定案件真相和法律责任的重要依据。
证据可以是文件、录音、视频、证人证言等。
8. Procedure程序Procedure是指在法律程序中遵循的特定步骤和规则。
法律程序确保了公正和平等的司法处理，包括立案、审理、判决等环节。
9. Jurisdiction司法管辖权Jurisdiction是指法院、法官或其他司法机关在特定领域或特定案件中行使权力的范围。
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常用的法律英语术语draft 法案，草案Government bill 政府议案to pass a bill, to carry a bill 通过议案to enact a law, to promulgate a law 颁布法律ratification, confirmation 批准law enforcement 法律的实施to come into force 生效decree 法令clause 条款minutes 备忘录report 判例汇编codification 法律汇编legislation 立法legislator 立法者jurist 法学家jurisprudence 法学legitimation 合法化legality, lawfulness 法制，合法legal, lawful 合法的,依法的to contravene a law, to infringe a law, to break a law 违法outlaw, outside the law 超出法律范围的offender 罪犯to abolish 废止，取消rescission, annulment 废止，取消repeal, revocation, annulment 废止(法律)cancellation, annulment, invalidation 废止(合同) cancellation (支票)作废annulment 撤消(遗嘱)repeal rescission 撤消(判决)revocation 撤消immunity 豁免，豁免权disability, legal incapacity 无资格nonretroactive character 不溯既往性prescription 剥夺公权attainder 公民权利的剥夺与财产的没收constitutional law 宪法canon law 教会法规common law 习惯法criminal law 刑法administrative law 行政法civil law 民法commercial law, mercantile law 商法law of nations 万国公法，国际法international law 国际法natural law 自然法labour laws 劳工法fiscal law 财政法Civil Suit Law, Code of civil law 民事诉讼法Criminal Law 刑事诉讼法Military Law 军法Conscript Law 兵役法Copyright Law 著作权法penal code 刑法典code of mercantile law 商法典civil rights 民事权利，公民权利right of asylum 避难权human rights, rights of man 人权(customs) duties 关税death duty, death tax 遗产税royalties 版税引用非原创，转自葵花论坛（想家）法律英语术语ratification, confirmation 批准law enforcement 法律的实施to come into force 生效decree 法令clause 条款minutes 备忘录report 判例汇编codification 法律汇编legislation 立法legislator 立法者jurist 法学家jurisprudence 法学legitimation 合法化legality, lawfulness 法制，合法legal, lawful 合法的,依法的to contravene a law, to infringe a law, to break a law 违法outlaw, outside the law 超出法律范围的offender 罪犯to abolish 废止，取消rescission, annulment 废止，取消repeal, revocation, annulment 废止(法律)cancellation, annulment, invalidation 废止(合同)cancellation (支票)作废annulment 撤消(遗嘱)repeal rescission 撤消(判决)revocation 撤消immunity 豁免，豁免权disability, legal incapacity 无资格nonretroactive character 不溯既往性prescription 剥夺公权attainder 公民权利的剥夺与财产的没收constitutional law 宪法canon law 教会法规common law 习惯法criminal law 刑法administrative law 行政法civil law 民法commercial law, mercantile law 商法law of nations 公法，国际法international law 国际法natural law 自然法labour laws 劳工法fiscal law 财政法Civil Suit Law, Code of civil law 民事诉讼法Criminal Law 刑事诉讼法Military Law 军法Conscript Law 兵役法Copyright Law 著作权法penal code 刑法典code of mercantile law 商法典civil rights 民事权利，公民权利right of asylum 避难权human rights, rights of man 人权(customs) duties 关税death duty, death tax 遗产税royalties 版税案件case案件发回remand/rimit a case （to a low court）案件名称title of a case案卷材料materials in the case案情陈述书statement of case案外人person other than involved in the case案值total value involved in the case败诉方losing party办案人员personnel handling a case保全措施申请书application for protective measures报案report a case （to security authorities）被告defendant; the accused被告人最后陈述final statement of the accused被告向原告第二次答辩rejoinder被害人victim被害人的诉讼代理人victim's agent ad litem被上诉人respondent; the appellee被申请人respondent被申请执行人party against whom execution is filed被执行人person subject to enforcement本诉principal action必要共同诉讼人party in necessary co-litigation变通管辖jurisdiction by accord辩护defense辩护律师defense attorney/lawyer辩护人defender辩护证据exculpatory evidence; defense evidence辩论阶段stage of court debate驳回反诉dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim驳回请求deny/dismiss a motion驳回上诉、维持原判reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling驳回诉讼dismiss an action/suit驳回通知书notice of dismissal驳回自诉dismiss/reject a private prosecution驳回自诉裁定书ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case补充答辩supplementary answer补充判决supplementary judgement补充侦查supplementary investigation不公开审理trial in camera不立案决定书written decision of no case-filing不批准逮捕决定书written decision of disapproving an arrest不起诉nol pros不予受理起诉通知书notice of dismissal of accusation by the court 财产保全申请书application for attachment; application for property preservation裁定order; determination （指最终裁定）裁定管辖jurisdiction by order裁定书order; ruling裁决书award采信的证据admitted evidence查封seal up撤回上诉withdraw appeal撤诉withdraw a lawsuit撤销立案revoke a case placed on file撤销原判，发回重审rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original courtfor retrial出示的证据exhibit除权判决invalidating judgement （for negotiable instruments）传唤summon; call传闻证据hearsay答辩answer; reply答辩陈述书statement of defence答辩状answer; reply大法官associate justices; justice大检察官deputy chief procurator代理控告agency for accusation代理申诉agency for appeal代理审判员acting judge代为申请取保候审agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving弹劾式诉讼accusatory procedure当事人陈述statement of the parties当庭宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court地区管辖territorial jurisdiction地区检察分院inter-mediate People's Procuratorate第三人third party调查笔录record of investigation定期宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date定罪证据incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence冻结freeze督促程序procedure of supervision and urge独任庭sole-judge bench独任仲裁员sole arbitrator对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施compulsory measures against impairment of civil action对席判决judgement inter parties二审trial of second instance二审案件case of trial of second insurance罚款impose a fine法定证据statutory legal evidence法定证据制度system of legal evidence法官judges法警bailiff; court police法律文书legal instruments/papers法律援助legal aid法律咨询legal consulting法庭辩论court debate法庭调查court investigation法庭审理笔录court record法庭审理方式mode of court trial法庭庭长chief judge of a tribunal法院court法院公告court announcement反诉counterclaim反诉答辩状answer with counterclaim反诉状counterclaim犯罪嫌疑人criminal suspect附带民事诉讼案件 a collateral civil action附带民事诉讼被告defendant of collateral civil action复查reexamination; recheck复验reinspect高级法官senior judge高级检察官senior procurator高级人民法院Higher People's Court告诉案件case of complaint告诉才处理的案件case accepted at complaint告诉申诉庭complaint and petition division工读学校work-study school for delinquent children公安部Ministry of Public Security公安分局public security sub-bureau公安厅public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities underdirect jurisdiction of central government公开审理trial in public公开审判制度open trial system公示催告程序procedure of public summons for exhortation公诉案件public-prosecuting case公诉词statement of public prosecution公证机关public notary office共同管辖concurrent jurisdiction管辖jurisdiction国际司法协助international judicial assistance海事法院maritime court合议庭collegial panel合议庭评议笔录record of deliberating by the collegiate bench与解composition; compromise核对诉讼当事人身份check identity of litigious parties恢复执行resumption of execution回避withdrawal混合式诉讼mixed action基层人民法院basic People's Court羁押期限term in custody级别管辖subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels监视居住living at home under surveillance监狱prison检察官procurator检察权prosecutorial power检察委员会procuratorial/prosecutorial committee检察院procuratorate检察院派出机构outpost tribunal of procuratorate简易程序summary procedure鉴定结论expert conclusion经济审判庭economic tribunal径行判决direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice纠问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings拘传summon by force; summon by warrant拘留所detention house举报information/report of an offence举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi决定书decision军事法院military procuratorate开庭审理open a court session开庭通知notice of court session勘验笔录record of inquest看守所detention house可执行财产executable property控告式诉讼accusatory proceedings控诉证据incriminating evidence控诉职能accusation function扣押distrain on; attachment扣押物distress/distraint宽限期period of grace劳动争议仲裁申请书petition for labor dispute arbitration劳改场reform-through-labor farm劳教所reeducation-through-labor office类推判决的核准程序procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence累积证据cumulative evidence立案报告place a case on file立案管辖functional jurisdiction立案决定书written decision of case-filing立案侦查report of placing a case on file利害关系人interested party临时裁决书interim award律师见证书lawyer's written attestation; lawyer's written authentication律师事务所law office; law firm律师提早介入prior intervention by lawyer免于刑事处分exemption from criminal penalty民事案件civil case民事审判庭civil tribunal民事诉讼civil action民事诉讼法Civil Procedural Law扭送seize and deliver a suspect to the police派出法庭detached tribunal派出所police station判决judgement; determination判决书judgement; determination; verdict （指陪审团作出的）旁证circumstantial evidence陪审员juror批准逮捕approval of arrest破案clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case破产bankruptcy; insolvency普通程序general/ordinary procedure普通管辖general jurisdiction企业法人破产还债程序procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation起诉filing of a lawsuit起诉sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings起诉状indictment; information区县检察院grassroots People's Procuratorate取保候审the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving缺席判决default judgement人民调解委员会People's Mediation Committee认定财产无主案件cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity上诉appeal上诉人appellant上诉状petition for appeal少管所juvenile prison社会治安综合治理comprehensive treatment of social security涉外案件cases involving foreign interests涉外民事诉讼foreign civil proceedings涉外刑事诉讼foreign criminal proceedings申请人applicant; petitioner申请书petition; application for arbitration申请执行人execution applicant申诉人宣誓书claimant's affidavit of authenticity申诉书appeal for revision; petition for revision神示证据制度system of divinity evidence神示制度ordeal system审查案件case review审查并决定逮捕examine and decide arrest审查起诉阶段stage of review and prosecution审理通知书notice of hearing审判长presiding judge审判长宣布开庭presiding judge announce court in session审判管辖adjudgement/trial jurisdiction审判监督程序procedure for trial supervision审判委员会judicial committee审判员judge审问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings生效判决裁定legally effective judgement/order胜诉方winning party省市自治区检察院higher People's Procuratorate失踪与死亡宣告declaration of disappearance and death实（质）体证据substantial evidence实物证据tangible evidence实在证据real evidence示意证据demonstrative evidence视听证据audio-visual evidence收容所collecting post; safe retreat首席大法官chief justice首席检察官chief procurator受害人的近亲属victim's immediate family受理acceptance受理刑事案件审批表registration form of acceptance of criminal case受送达人the addressee书记员court clerk书记员宣读法庭纪律court clerk reads court rules书证documentary evidence司法部Ministry of Justice司法机关judicial organizatons司法警察judicial police司法局judicial bureau司法厅judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under directjurisdiction of central government司法协助judicial assistance死缓的复核judicial review of death sentence with a retrieve死刑复核程序procedure for judicial review of death sentence死刑复核权competence for judicial review of death sentence送达service of process送达传票service of summons/subpoena送达诉状service of bill of complaint搜查search诉sue; suit; action; lawsuit诉前财产保全property attachment prior to lawsuit诉讼litigation; lawsuit; sue; action诉讼保全attachment诉讼参加人litigious participants诉讼代理人agent ad litem诉状complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim特别程序special procedures提起公诉institute a public prosecution铁路法院railway court铁路检察院railroad transport procuratorate庭审程序procedure of court trial通缉wanted for arrest投案appearance退回补充侦查return of a case for supplementary investigation委托辩护entrusted defense未成年人法庭juvenile court无行政职务的法官associate judge无正当理由拒不到庭refuse to appear in court without due cause无罪判决acquittal, finding of “ not guilty ”物证material evidence先予执行申请书application for advanced execution先予执行advanced execution刑事案件criminal case刑事拘留criminal detention刑事强制拘留criminal coercive/compulsory measures刑事审判庭criminal tribunal刑事诉讼criminal proceedings刑事诉讼法Criminal Procedural Law刑事自诉状self-incriminating criminal complaint行政案件administrative case行政审判庭administrative tribunal行政诉讼administrative proceedings行政诉讼法Administrative Procedural Law宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件cases concerning the declaration of disappearance and death宣判笔录record of rendition of judgement选民资格案件cases concerning qualifications of voters询问证人inquire/question a witness训诫reprimand讯问笔录record of interrogation询问犯罪嫌疑人interrogate criminal suspect言词证据verbal evidence要求传唤证人申请书application for subpoena一裁终局arbitration award shall be final and binding一审trial of first instance一审案件case of trial of first instance应诉通知书notice of respondence to action有罪判决sentence; finding of “guilty”予审preliminary examinantion; pretrial原告plaintiff院长court president阅卷笔录record of file review （by lawyers）再审案件case of retrial再审申请书petition for retrial责令具结悔过order to sign a statement of repentance债权人会议creditors' meeting侦查阶段investigation stage侦查终结conclusion of investigation征询原、被告最后意见consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant证据evidence证据保全preserve evidence证据保全申请书application for evidence preservation证人证言testimony of witness; affidavit支付令payment order/warrant知识产权庭intellectual property tribunal执行程序procedure execution执行逮捕execution of arrest执行与解conciliation of execution执行回转recovery of execution执行庭executive tribunal执行异议objection to execution执行员executor执行中止discontinuance of execution执行终结conclusion of execution指定辩护appointed defense指定仲裁员声明statement of appointing arbitrator中级人民法院intermediate People's Court中途退庭retreat during court session without permission仲裁arbitration仲裁被诉人respondent; defendant仲裁裁决award仲裁申请书arbitration仲裁申诉人claimant; plaintiff仲裁庭arbitration tribunal仲裁委员会arbitration committee仲裁协议arbitration agreement; clauses of arbitration仲裁员arbitrator主诉检察官principal procurator助理检察官assistant procurator助理审判员assistant judge专门法院special court专门管辖specific jurisdiction专属管辖exclusive jurisdiction追究刑事责任investigate for criminal responsibility自首confession to justice自诉案件private-prosecuting case自行辩护self-defense自由心证制度doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence 自侦案件self-investigating case最高人民法院the Supreme People's Court 最高人民检察院the Supreme People's Procuratorate最后裁决书final award。