8 Introduction 英语专业学术论文写作教程
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59-ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ3
Universe
Galaxy
Star a specific topic
(a general area of study)
a sub-area
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8.1 Tasks for Critical Thinking and Discussion 1. Complete the following table by indicating the IEs each text (read the handout) contains.
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Information elements (IE) of an introduction 1.Research background 2.Literature review (What have been done? What haven’t been done?) 3.Investigation needed 4.Research purpose (What am I going to do?) 5.Research value / findings / paper structure
The part of literature review is often the longest since it includes specific information about different studies.
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IE 1: Establishing a context
3. Read the following example of IE1 and indicate whether a sentence makes a statement about the general area, the sub-area, or the author’s topic. e.g.
Sub-area: sentences 3-4;
Author’s topic: sentence 5
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IE 2: Reviewing previous research
5. In the literature review part of Text 2, the author cites the writers in two different ways. What are they? What determines a writer’s decision on these two forms? (1) a. Author’s names at beginning of sentence in subject position, followed by reference and date in brackets. b. Author’s names and reference at the end of the citation sentence in brackets.
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Text 1
IE 1
IE 2
IE 3
IE 4
IE 5
S(s) 1-5
S(s) 6
S(s) 7
S(s) 8
S(s) 9-12
2
3
S(s) 1-3
S(s) 1
S(s) 4-7
S(s) /
S(s) 8
S(s) 2-4
S(s) 9
S(s) 5, 8
S(s) /
S(s) 6-7
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2. Which information element is the longest? Is there any reason for this?
(2) Importance given to the cited authors. If they are more important and relevant to the writer’s work, the cited authors are fronted.
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4. Identify the part of IE 1 in Text 1, and indicate the sentences which correspond to the general area, a sub-area and the author’s topic.
General area: sentences 1-2;
1One
of the important research fields for mobile robots is their 2A mobile robot must smooth movement to destination. General area: ____________ sentence 1 possess a map and must be able to move by evading obstacles ____________ sentence 2 not described Sub-area: in the map such as a person, another mobile robot or merely an To evade sentencean 3 obstacle, a mobile Author ’s object. topic: 3 ____________ robot has to be able to identify its position, detect the obstacle using a visual system, and operate a collision avoidance algorithm.
Lecture 8
Introduction
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Contents
8.1 Tasks for Critical Thinking and Discussion 8.2 Order of Citations 8.3 Verb Tense in Citation 8.4 Verb Tense in Other Parts of Introduction 8.5 Language Practice 8.6 Writing up Your Research 8.7 Language Support
Universe
Galaxy
Star a specific topic
(a general area of study)
a sub-area
59- 4
8.1 Tasks for Critical Thinking and Discussion 1. Complete the following table by indicating the IEs each text (read the handout) contains.
59- 2
Information elements (IE) of an introduction 1.Research background 2.Literature review (What have been done? What haven’t been done?) 3.Investigation needed 4.Research purpose (What am I going to do?) 5.Research value / findings / paper structure
The part of literature review is often the longest since it includes specific information about different studies.
59- 7
IE 1: Establishing a context
3. Read the following example of IE1 and indicate whether a sentence makes a statement about the general area, the sub-area, or the author’s topic. e.g.
Sub-area: sentences 3-4;
Author’s topic: sentence 5
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IE 2: Reviewing previous research
5. In the literature review part of Text 2, the author cites the writers in two different ways. What are they? What determines a writer’s decision on these two forms? (1) a. Author’s names at beginning of sentence in subject position, followed by reference and date in brackets. b. Author’s names and reference at the end of the citation sentence in brackets.
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Text 1
IE 1
IE 2
IE 3
IE 4
IE 5
S(s) 1-5
S(s) 6
S(s) 7
S(s) 8
S(s) 9-12
2
3
S(s) 1-3
S(s) 1
S(s) 4-7
S(s) /
S(s) 8
S(s) 2-4
S(s) 9
S(s) 5, 8
S(s) /
S(s) 6-7
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2. Which information element is the longest? Is there any reason for this?
(2) Importance given to the cited authors. If they are more important and relevant to the writer’s work, the cited authors are fronted.
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4. Identify the part of IE 1 in Text 1, and indicate the sentences which correspond to the general area, a sub-area and the author’s topic.
General area: sentences 1-2;
1One
of the important research fields for mobile robots is their 2A mobile robot must smooth movement to destination. General area: ____________ sentence 1 possess a map and must be able to move by evading obstacles ____________ sentence 2 not described Sub-area: in the map such as a person, another mobile robot or merely an To evade sentencean 3 obstacle, a mobile Author ’s object. topic: 3 ____________ robot has to be able to identify its position, detect the obstacle using a visual system, and operate a collision avoidance algorithm.
Lecture 8
Introduction
59- 1
Contents
8.1 Tasks for Critical Thinking and Discussion 8.2 Order of Citations 8.3 Verb Tense in Citation 8.4 Verb Tense in Other Parts of Introduction 8.5 Language Practice 8.6 Writing up Your Research 8.7 Language Support