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(完整版)虚拟语气用法小结

(完整版)虚拟语气用法小结

虚拟语气用法小结一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句,一类是虚拟条件句。

如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件何.在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。

如: If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。

如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it。

如果他昨天见到你,他会问你这件事的。

(事实上他昨天没见到你,因此也未能问你这件事。

)1。

在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。

虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下:2。

错综时间条件句:有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致(表示错综时间的虚拟语气),这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。

If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now。

如果你当初听了医生的话,身体现在就好了。

(从句动作指过去,主句动作指现在)3。

省略连词if (倒装)。

在书面语中,如果虚拟条件从句中有were,had 或 should,可以把if省略,把这几个词放到主语之前,构成主谓倒装.Should he come (If he should come), tell him to ring me up.Were I you (If I were you), I would not do it。

Were I to meet him tomorrow (= if I were to met him tomorrow), I should ask him about it。

要是我明天见到他,我就会问他这件事的。

Had I had the money last year (= if I had had the money last year), i would have bought the house. 如果我去年有了这笔钱,我就买那所房子了.Should there be any trouble with the boiler, the automatic controlling unit would cut off the fuel oil supply. 假如锅炉出问题的话,自控装置会自动切断燃油的供给.4。

(完整)虚拟语气用法总结,推荐文档

(完整)虚拟语气用法总结,推荐文档

虚拟语气的用法总结语气:语气是动词的一中形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

语气的种类:(1 )陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的,确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句,疑问句和某些感叹句。

如We are ready. What a fine day it is!(2 )祈使语气表示说话人的建议,请求,邀请,命令等。

如Ope n the door, Please.应注意以下几点:1. 主语通常是第二人称you,但多不出现,动词用原形,否定用don ot或者don'加动词原形(或be)女口Be careful next time. Don 'smoke here.2. 有时为了强调,主语也可以出现,而且可以是第三人称,谓语动词不加-s或者-es如You be quiet.He sta nd up.3. 祈使语气可以用do加强语气女口Do come to see this Sunday.4. 在Let's的祈使句后,疑问部分通常用shall we ;在Let us后,疑问部分用will you女口Let' goout for a walk after supper , shall we? /Let us clean our classroom, will you?5. 祈使句与连词and连用时相当于一个条件句,而and之后则是表示结果。

如Think hardand you will have a good idea.(3)虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望,假设或推测等。

女口If I were you, I should study En glish.一. 虚拟语气在条件从句的用法条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句;一类是非真实条件句,也就是虚拟条件句。

如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语要用陈述语气。

如If it doesn S rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气,用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。

虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。

一、虚拟语气的用法:1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止:- 主语+动词原形+宾语(动词原形要用动词底形、如be);- 主语+动词原形+that从句(用于表达建议、命令、禁止,动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词)。

例句:- It is important that he be present at the meeting.(建议)- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.(建议)- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.(命令)2.表达愿望、请求、要求:-主语+动词过去式;- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形;- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。

例句:- I wish I could fly.(愿望)- I would appreciate it if you could help me.(请求)3.表示虚拟条件:- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词;- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时,主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。

例句:- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.(虚拟条件)- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.(虚拟条件)4.表达建议、要求、祝愿:- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。

虚拟语气用法总结(超好)

虚拟语气用法总结(超好)

虚拟语气用法总结(超好)虚拟语气用法总结虚拟语气是英语中的一种语法现象,它用于表达与事实相反、与现实相反或与过去事实相反的假设或愿望。

虚拟语气不仅存在于从句中,也可以出现在主句中。

虽然虚拟语气的用法较为多样,但是掌握其基本规则能够帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思。

本文将对虚拟语气的用法进行总结和归纳。

一、过去时的虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句当表示与现实相反的假设或条件时,使用虚拟条件句。

这种句子通常包含一个条件从句和一个结果从句,条件从句使用过去完成时,结果从句使用"would"、"could"或"might"加动词原形。

例如:- If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.(如果我当时学得更努力,我就能通过考试。

)- If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared dinner.(如果我知道你要来,我就会准备晚餐。

)2. 虚拟表达愿望或建议当表达与现实相反的愿望或建议时,使用虚拟语气,即将过去时态的动词形式改为"would"加动词原形。

例如:- I wish I were taller.(我希望我更高。

)- She suggested that he take a bus.(她建议他坐公交车。

)二、现在时的虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句与过去时的虚拟条件句类似,现在时的虚拟条件句也包含一个条件从句和一个结果从句。

条件从句使用"were to"结构或"should"加动词原形,结果从句使用"would"、"could"或"might"加动词原形。

例如:- If I were to win the lottery, I would travel the world.(如果我中了彩票,我会周游世界。

(完整word版)虚拟语气表格归纳

(完整word版)虚拟语气表格归纳

状语从句中的虚构语气虚构语气在 if 指引的条从句(条件)主句(目的)件句中的用法三点:表示于此刻事实相反的If+ 主语 +动词的过去式( be 用主语 +would(shouldcould虚构条件句were)might)+ 动词原型表示与过去事实相反的If+ 主语 +had+ 动词的过去分主语 +would ( should could 拟条件句词might ) +have+动词的过去分词表示与未来事实相反的If+ 主语 +should( were to) + 主语 +would ( could should 虚构条件句动词原型 / 动词的过去式might ) +动词原型混淆条件句——主从句有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作,发生的时间不一致,时间不一致的状况下的这是动作的形式应依据它所表示的时间加以调整。

虚构语气有时虚构条件句并没用if从句表示出来,而是用介词短语委婉条件句( otherwise ,or ,without ,but for )上下文或其余方式来表示。

条件从句中省略 if 采纳倒装语序的状况虚拟语气在 as if/as though 指引的方式状语从句中1.条件暗含在短语中;2.条件暗含在上下文中;3.虚构式变成习惯说法,很难找出其暗含的条件。

在if 指引的表示虚构的条件状语从句中,有时能够把虚构条件中的连词 if 省去,而将 had , should , were 等助动词提到主语以前。

例:原句: If she were younger,she,would do it.去if : Were she younger,she,would do it.1.表示与此刻事实相反或对此刻状况有思疑,谓语动词用过去式。

2.表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用过去达成时。

3.表示与未来事实相反注意: 1.在 as if/as though 句中,假如有可能成为事实,用陈说语气。

例: He looks as if he going to be ill.2.as though 或 as if 指引的状语从句,从句主语和主句主语同样时,从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。

完整版)虚拟语气用法归纳

完整版)虚拟语气用法归纳

完整版)虚拟语气用法归纳虚拟语气是动词的一种形式,表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

语气的种类包括陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。

陈述语气用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句,表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的。

例如:“XXX.”,“XXX?”和“How good a teacher she is!”祈使语气表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。

例如:“Never be XXX!”和“Don’t et to turn off the light.”虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

例如:“If I were a bird。

I could fly in the air.”,“I wish I could pass the XXX.”和“May you succeed!”在简单句中,虚拟语气常用于情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时,表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气,常用于日常会话中。

例如:“XXX to show me the way to the post office?”和“It would be better for you not to stay up too late.”虚拟语气还可以用于表达祝愿,常用“may+动词原形”表示。

例如:“May good luck be yours!”,“May you be happy!”和“May you do even better!”。

还可以用于表达愿望和建议。

例如:“If only XXX.”和“XXX.”如果我现在有时间,我会和他们一起去。

(陈述语气)如果我现在是你,我就会和他们一起去。

(虚拟语气)与过去事实相反:若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(be动词用had been),主句谓语用“should (would。

could。

might)+have+过去分词”。

如:如果我昨天有时间,我就和他们一起去了。

虚拟语气的规则总结word版

虚拟语气的规则总结word版

虚拟语气虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

一、if从句:(一)(二)错综时间的虚拟句:通常情况下,在条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间一致, 但有时也可能指不同的时间,这时主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一时间,其动词形式要根据时间而定。

1. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在, 主句指过去)。

2. If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过去,主句指现在)。

3. If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years, things wouldn’t be going so smoothly.(从句指过去,主句指现在)。

4. If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.(从句指过去,主句指现在)。

5. If we had not got everything ready by now, we should be having a more terrible time tomorrow. (从句指现在,主句指将来)(三)省略:If 从句中含有were, should, had时,可省略if并把were, should, had提前。

例如:Were I you, I wouldn’t quarrel with him.备注:注:would, should, could与might的选择:①一般常用would,如同在真实条件句中主句常要用will一样。

常译作“将、就会”。

如:If I knew him, I would ask him for help. 如果我认识他的话,我就会向他求助。

虚拟语气的用法归纳

虚拟语气的用法归纳

虚拟语气的用法归纳关键信息项:1、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法2、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法3、虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法4、虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从句中的用法5、虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法6、虚拟语气在状语从句中的其他用法7、虚拟语气在一些特殊句型中的用法11 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法111 与现在事实相反若表示与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be 动词通常用were),主句谓语用“should / would / could / might +动词原形”。

例如:If I were you, I would take his advice (如果我是你,我会接受他的建议。

)112 与过去事实相反若表示与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成式(had +过去分词),主句谓语用“should / would / could / might + have +过去分词”。

比如:If you had come earlier, you would have caught the bus (如果你早点来,你就赶上公交车了。

)113 与将来事实相反若表示与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语有三种形式:过去式(be 动词通常用 were)should +动词原形were to +动词原形主句谓语用“should / would / could / might +动词原形”。

例如:If it were to rain tomorrow, we would stay at home (如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。

)12 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法121 wish 后的宾语从句wish 后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。

与现在事实相反,用一般过去时;与过去事实相反,用过去完成时;与将来事实相反,用“would / could +动词原形”。

例如:I wish I were as tall as you (我希望和你一样高。

最全虚拟语气用法总结-202X年学习资料

最全虚拟语气用法总结-202X年学习资料

千里之行,始于足下。

最全虚拟语气用法总结-202X年学习资料
虚拟语气是表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非事实的情况的一种语气形式。

下面是对虚拟语气用法的总结:
1.表示假设:
- 表示与现在事实相反的假设:
- 与过去事实相反:If + 过去完成时,主句使用 would/could/might + have + 过去分词。

- 与现在事实相反:If + 过去时,主句使用 would/could/might + 动
词原形。

- 与将来事实相反:If + 过去时,主句使用 would/could/might + 动
词原形。

- 表示将来事实的虚拟:
- If + 一般现在时,主句使用 will/would/may/might/can/could + 动词原形。

2.表示愿望、建议和要求:
- 愿望:
- I wish + (that) + 从句(过去时)。

- If only + 从句(过去时)。

- 建议和要求:
- 动词原形 + that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形。

第1页/共2页
锲而不舍,金石可镂。

3.表示命令和建议:
- 命令:
- 动词原形 + that + 主语 + 动词原形。

- 建议:
- It is (high) time + 过去式 + (that) + 主语 + 过去式。

以上是对虚拟语气用法的简要总结。

在实际运用中,需要根据具体情况选择适当的虚拟语气形式来表达所需的意思。

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)if+主语+had+过去分词+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词+其他例:1.XXX,XXX如果我知道你要来,我就会准备些食物的。

(事实:我不知道)2.XXX,XXX.如果我当时研究更努力些,我就能通过考试了。

(事实:我没有用功研究)3、表示与将来事实相反的情况:if+主语+were/should+动词原形+其他+主语+would/could/might+动词原形+其他例:1.IfIwereyou,XXX.如果我是你,我不会那样做。

(将来:我不可能成为你)2.XXX,XXX.如果下雨了,带上这把伞。

(将来:不一定会下雨)1.If I had arrived earlier。

I would have been able to meet her。

(Fact: I arrived late)2.If he had XXX my advice。

he would not have made such a mistake。

(Fact: He didn't listen to me)3.If he were to come here tomorrow。

I would talk to him。

(Fact: It's XXX he will come)In expressing ns。

orders。

requests。

etc。

the subjunctive mood is often used in the object clause。

with the verb in the form of "should + infinitive," which can be omitted.Other uses of XXX:1.The subjunctive mood is used in the object clause after "wish" to express a XXX fact。

(完整版)虚拟语气详解

(完整版)虚拟语气详解

(完整版)虚拟语⽓详解虚拟语⽓详解虚拟语⽓表⽰说话⼈的主观愿望(往往与客观事实相反),或是表⽰假象和猜测。

虚拟语⽓⽆论从形式上还是时态上都⽐较复杂,需要归类记忆。

虚拟语⽓⼤体分为三类:(1) be型虚拟(2) were型虚拟(3) if 条件句及主句虚拟下⾯会详细说每种虚拟形式的特征和规律,考试时先判断属于哪种虚拟类型,剩下的皆是套路~(1)be型虚拟(基本是套路)形式:should + 动词原形,should可以省略⽤法:1)表⽰“命令、建议、要求”等意义词语之后的宾语从句⽤be型虚拟,常见的词如下: demand, desire, insist, order, ask, command, propose, recommend, suggest, prefer, require, request等最常见的形式是这类动词后⾯接着⼀个宾语从句,则宾语从句的谓语部分要⽤(should)+ 动词原形来虚拟例: We demand that the meeting(should)be postponed.The manager suggested that we (should) work together.注意:有时候你所见到不⼀定是上述动词引导的宾语从句,⽽是由上述词变体后所引导主语从句(it做形式主语,如:it is advised/ suggested/ requested/ ordered/ proposed that…)、表语从句或同位语从句例如:It is required that the students (should) learn a foreign language. (主语从句) The requirement is that all the equipment in the meeting room (should) be checked twice before. (表语从句)We didn’t stand for his proposal that the meeting (should)be postponed. (同位语从句)只要看到句中有上述动词或其变体,不管词性怎么变、句型怎么变,都⽤be型虚拟!特例:suggest和insist这两个⽐较特殊,当suggest作“暗⽰、表明、说明”讲,insist作“坚持说”讲,后⾯⼀般跟的是客观事实,不需要虚拟~这是⼀个⽐较重要的考点,体会下⾯两组句⼦:We all suggest that a lab (should) be built. 我们都建议建⼀个实验室。

(word完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结,文档

(word完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结,文档

(word完满版)英语虚假语气语法归纳总结,文档虚假语气 :表示说的话不是事实,不可以能发生也许说可能性很小的情况,表达一种梦想、建议、假设。

一、条件状语从句中的用法从句谓语形式主句谓语形式现在were/ did would/could/should(+not)+ do过去had donewould/could/should/might(not)+ have done将来 1.were/did would/could/should/might2.should do(not)3.were to do+ do简单记法:if were/did, would doif had done, would have doneif were to do/should do, would do举例:If I were you, I would do nothing about it.If you had taken your teacher’ s advice, you wouldn’ t have made such a mistake.If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低 ),they wouldn’ t go shopping.附注:虚假语气,条件状从倒装状语从句中,去掉if,提前were/ had/ should如: If I were you, I would give up.→Were I you, I would give upIf you had taken the advice, you would have .→ Had you taken the advice, you would haveIf the world should come to an end,→ Should the world come to an end别的, without, but for, otherwise 构成的条件状语从句中,也有委宛的虚假语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (popularization 普及, publicity 宣传 )Without your help, I would have failed.We’ ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’〔tget表示a可seat能性.小〕但其实,高中英语考试也常考:错综虚假语气条件句即:假设条件状从发生的时间与所假设的谓语动词不一致,此时,主句和从句要依照各自的时间而定。

虚拟语气知识点总结(word)

虚拟语气知识点总结(word)

虚拟语气知识点总结(word)一、初中英语虚拟语气1.—I don’t know what to wear at the party.— If I you, I would wear a shirt and a tie.A.am B.is C.were D.was【答案】C【解析】试题分析:if从句的虚拟语气,对于现在的虚拟用一般过去式,be动词都用were,故选C.句意:——我不知道聚会该穿什么。

——如果我是你,我会穿一件衬衫加一条领带。

故选C 考点:if条件句的虚拟语气点评:if条件句的虚拟语气,是中考要求掌握的知识点,分为三种情况:表示与现在事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用一般过去式(be用were),主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do;2.表示与过去的事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用过去完成时,主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might+have done;3.表将来的事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用should+动词/did/were to do,主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do。

2.If I _______ you, I would say another student could do it better.A.was B.were C.were D.are【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:如果我是你,我会说另一个学生可以把它做得更好。

考查虚拟语气。

根据句意可知“现在事实”相反,此句是虚拟语气,be动词使用were;故选A。

3.— What would you do if you _______ a million dollars?— I would give it to charity.A.have B.had C.will have D.would have【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:-如果你有一百万美元你会做什么?-我会把它捐给慈善事业。

(完整版)完整虚拟语气用法表格归纳图

(完整版)完整虚拟语气用法表格归纳图
The man insisted【坚持认为】that he had never stolen the money.
在expect,believe,think,suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
经常用“should+动词原型(或完成形式),表示惊奇,怀疑,不满等情绪。
I cannot believe that you should think so.
在“It is (was)+名词+that…..”结构句中的虚拟语气
表示建议,命令,请求,道歉,怀疑,惊奇等。
It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance.
这类名词有:advice,decision,desire,demand,idea,order,pity,proposal,recommendation,suggestion,surprise,wish,wonder等。
“In case”引导的从句中即可用陈述句,也可以用虚拟语气
(should)+动词原型
例:1.The game will be put off in case it (should) snow.
2.The game will be put off in case it snows.
名词性从句中的虚拟语气
表示“要求”的:ask,desire, request,demand,require,beg
表示“同意,坚持”的:insist
表示“决定,命令”的:decide,order
注意:suggest,insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时,即它们用于其本意暗示,表明,坚持认为时,宾语从句用陈述语气。

虚拟语气用法归纳完整版

虚拟语气用法归纳完整版

虚拟语气用法归纳英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。

不同的语气用动词的不同形式(有的还借助句法形式)来表示。

一、虚拟条件句条件句有两类:一类是真实条件句,一类是虚拟条件句如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语用陈述语气。

If you don 'work hard, you will fail.If it is fine tomorrow, we will go for a picnic.如果假设的情况过去、现在、将来都不存在,则为虚拟语气虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表:1•与现在事实相反的虚拟What would you do if you won the lottery?If I were you, I would seize the cha nee to go abroad.If I had a lot of money no w, I would travel around the world.2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟If you had bee n here yesterday, you would have see n her.If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday.3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟If it were to rain/should rai n/rai ned tomorrow, our pla n would be put off.If we were to pic nic, we would not be able to help.二、错综、混合虚拟语气通常,在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式,从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的,如果两者时间不一致,此时就是混合型虚拟语气。

混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”,即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同,采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。

主语从句中的虚拟语气_虚拟语气 英语语法.doc

主语从句中的虚拟语气_虚拟语气 英语语法.doc

主语从句中的虚拟语气_虚拟语气一、It’s important类这一类型主要包括It is (was) important (necessary, desirable, imperative, advisable)that. . .句型。

如:It is impossible that he should go home. 他不可能会回家去。

It is necessary that I should return it right now. 我有必要马上把它还回去。

It is important that we should speah politely. 我们说话要有礼貌,这是很重要的。

It is not necessary that everyone be a scientist. 没有必要使每一个人都成为科学家。

It is imperative that we should practise critidsm and self-criticism. 应当进行批评与自我批评。

二、It’s a pity类It is a pity that she should fare so badly. 她竟吃得这么差,真可怜。

It’s a pity that he should be so obstinate. 真遗憾他竟这样倔犟。

It was a pity that you couldn’t come. 你不能来,真是太遗憾了。

It is a pity that she failed the driving examination. 她没通过驾驶考试真是遗憾。

It is his desire that a medical man should stay here. 他希望有一个医务人员留在这里。

三、It’s desired类这种主语从句还常用在It is (was) desired (suggested, settled, proposed, requested, decided, etc. ) that...句型。

虚拟语气语法总结

虚拟语气语法总结

虚拟语气语法总结虚拟语气是英语语法中的一个重要且较复杂的部分,它用于表达假设、愿望、非真实的情况或与事实相反的情况。

理解和掌握虚拟语气对于准确、地道地使用英语至关重要。

一、虚拟语气在条件句中的应用1、与现在事实相反条件从句:If +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用 were)主句:主语+ would/could/might +动词原形例如:If I were you, I would go to the party(如果我是你,我会去参加聚会。

)2、与过去事实相反条件从句:If +主语+ had +过去分词主句:主语+ would/could/might + have +过去分词例如:If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam(如果我学习更努力,我就会通过考试了。

)3、与将来事实相反条件从句:① If +主语+动词过去式② If +主语+ were to +动词原形③ If +主语+ should +动词原形主句:主语+ would/could/might +动词原形例如:If it rained tomorrow, I would stay at home (如果明天下雨,我就待在家里。

)二、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用1、 wish 后的宾语从句与现在事实相反:从句用一般过去时例如:I wish I were as tall as you (我希望我和你一样高。

)与过去事实相反:从句用过去完成时例如:I wish I had met you before (我希望我以前见过你。

)与将来事实相反:从句用 would/could +动词原形例如:I wish you would come tomorrow (我希望你明天能来。

)2、 would rather 后的宾语从句与现在或将来事实相反:从句用一般过去时例如:I would rather you came tomorrow (我宁愿你明天来。

(完整word版)高中英语语法虚拟语气讲解(word文档良心出品)

(完整word版)高中英语语法虚拟语气讲解(word文档良心出品)

高中英语语法讲解--虚拟语气1. 语气的定义和种类(1)语气的定义语气是动词的一种形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

(2)语气的种类A. 陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。

We are not ready.Did it rain all day yesterday?What a fine day today!B. 祈使语气表使说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。

Be careful.Don’t forget to clo se the window.Open the door, please.C. 虚拟语气表使动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

2. 虚拟语气一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类:条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。

真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。

如:If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨,我就去野餐。

Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里,油就浮起来。

虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的,句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。

条件从句主句与现在事实相违背过去式(动词是be用were)should / would/could/might + 动词原形与过去事实相违背had + 过去分词should / would/could/might + have +过去分词与未来事实相违背1) should + 动词原形2) were + 动词不定式3) 过去式(动词是Be也可以用were)should / would/could/might + 动词原形1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句,条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should (would, might,could)+动词原形。

虚拟语气 语法总结

虚拟语气 语法总结

虚拟语气语法总结一、虚拟语气的概念哎呀,小伙伴们,虚拟语气呢,就是一种很特别的语法现象哦。

它不是在说实际发生的事情,而是在表达一些假设、愿望、建议或者是与事实相反的情况呢。

就好像我们在做白日梦的时候,或者是给别人提一些很有趣的想法的时候会用到。

比如说“要是我有一双翅膀就好了”,这就是一种虚拟的想法,在英语里就得用虚拟语气来表达啦。

二、虚拟语气在不同从句中的用法1. 在条件从句里如果是与现在事实相反的假设,从句呢,就用一般过去时(be 动词要用were哦,这可是个小重点呢),主句就用would/should/could/might+动词原形。

比如说“If I were you, I would study harder.”(要是我是你呀,我就会更努力学习呢)。

要是与过去事实相反的假设,从句就得用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句就用would/should/could/might+have+过去分词。

像“If he had studied harder, he could ha ve passed the exam.”(如果他当时学习更努力些,他就能通过考试了呢)。

对于与将来事实相反的假设(或者是可能性很小的将来情况),从句可以用一般过去时或者是should+动词原形或者是were to+动词原形,主句还是用would/should/could/might+动词原形。

例如“If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.”(要是明天下雨的话,我们就会待在家里啦)。

2. 在宾语从句里当表示建议、要求、命令等动词后面的宾语从句时,要用虚拟语气,从句的谓语动词是should+动词原形,should可以省略哦。

像The teacher suggested that we (should) read more books.(老师建议我们多读些书呢)。

这些动词常见的有suggest, advise, recommend, demand, require, order等等。

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虚拟语气语法归纳虚拟语气的使用主要体现在三个方面:虚拟条件句、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用,以及虚拟语气的一些特殊用法。

虚拟条件句虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设,所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。

根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种,即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。

具体情况请看下表:例句:1.表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now,I would lend it to you.If I were you,I would go to tell him the real feeling upon him.If I were a boy, I would join the army.If the had time, she should go with you.2.表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice,he wouldn't have made such a bad mistake.She would have come to enjoy the party if she hadn't been very busy.If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.3.表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.If he were to be given another chance to do it again,he could certainly achieve more.If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.1.虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。

有时侯在使用时可省略if, 把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的,句子则可换成下列形式,即“were / had / should + 主语”。

如:Had I been(= If I had been ) in that situation,I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be (= If there should be) a drought,what should we do at that time ? Were I a boy, I would join the army.Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.2.错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致,这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来决定。

例如:If we hadn't been working hard in the past few years ,things wouldn't be going so smoothly.If the Party hadn 't led the Chinese people to liberate the, Chinese people would country still live a life in pain and poverty.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来,而是通过某个介词或介词短语( 如: with ,otherwise ,without ,but for ,in that position ) 、上下文或其它方式表现出来。

这种句子称为含蓄条件句。

例如:But for the help from you,I would not have had the chance to go to college.I would never mind you making such loud noises,but,you see,my baby is in a deep sleep.It was so quiet ; you could have heard a pin drop.虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用在某些词或短语后接的从句中要使用虚拟语气,表示愿望、建议或命令等。

根据虚拟语气的形式不同,虚拟语气可以分为“should类”和“过去时态类”。

2、虚气用于名性从句(1 )虚气在从句中的运用。

①“wish + 从句”表示不能的愿望,“要是⋯⋯ 就好了”等。

表示在不能的愿望,从句中的用一般去;表示将来不能的愿望,从句中的用“ would/could + 原形”;表示去不能的愿望,从句中的用“ had +去分”或“could(should) + have +去分”。

如:I wish it were spring all the year round.I wish I had known the answer.I wish I could fly like a bird.②在表示建、要求、命令等的suggest 、advise 、propose 、demand 、require 、insist request 、command 、order 等后的从句中,用should +原形或是原形。

如:She suggested we (should)leave here at once.The doctor ordered she should be operated.(2 )虚气在同位从句和表从句中的运用。

作表示建、要求、命令等的名advise 、idea 、order 、demand 、plan 、proposal 、suggestion 、request 等的表从句和同位从句,从句中的用“(should)+原形”。

如:His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful.My idea is that they (should)pay 100 dollars.(3 )虚气在主从句中的运用。

在主从句中,的虚气用“should + 原形”的构,表示惊奇、不相信、理如此等。

如:It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that we should clean the room every day.It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.)that you should be so careless.It will be desired(suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.)that she shouldfinish her homework this afternoon.注意:种从句表示的是事。

如果人种事表出惊奇的情感,就可用虚气。

反之,如果不表示惊奇等情感,that 从句也可用述句气。

如:It is pity that you can ’ t swim.3、虚气在其他合的运用(1 )虚气在as if/as though、even if/even though等引的表从句或状从句中,如果从句表示的作生在去,用去完成;指在状况,用一般去;指将来状况用去将来。

如:He did it as if he were an expert.Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.(2 )虚气用于定从句中。

种从句常用于句型“It is (high)time (that) 中,⋯定”从句的用一般去(be 用were) 或should + 原形,意思是“( 在 )⋯⋯”。

如:It ’ s time that I picked up my daughter.It ’ s high time we were going.(3 )虚气用在if only 引的感句中。

如:If only I were a bird.If only I had taken his advice.(4)虚拟语气在一些简单句中的运用。

①情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时,表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉,常出现在日常会话中。

如:It would be better for you not to stay up too late.Would you be kind enough to close the door?②用于一些习惯表达法中。

如:Would you like a cup of tea?I would rather not tell you.一、 should类这一类的虚拟语气是通过从句中的谓语动词使用“should + 动词原形”体现出来的, should可以省略。

其具体运用体现在:1. 在 suggest,order,demand,propose,command,request,desire,insist等表示建议、命令、要求、意见的动词后接的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气。

如:He suggests that she should leave the house at once.The leader ordered that the task(should) be finished as soon as possible.He proposed that we (should) deal with the problem by the view of development.2. 与 suggest ,order , demand , propose , command ,request ,desire ,insist 等动词相对应的名词suggestion ,order ,demand ,proposal 等后的表语从句或同位语从句中要使用虚拟语气。

如:The general sent the order that the battle(should) be held on untilthe complete failureof the enemy.My proposal is that we(should) set a deadline for handing in the plan.3. 在It is/was suggested (ordered ,demanded ,proposed ,etc. ) 结构以及necessary ,essential ,important , strange ,natural 等形容词后的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气。

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