参数自寻优模糊控制器优化方法的研究

参数自寻优模糊控制器优化方法的研究

摘要

模糊控制是智能控制的一个重要分支，其实质是对人观察，思考，判断，决策的思维过程的一种模拟。常规模糊控制器设计简单，易于实现，有着广泛的应用。但因模糊控制器的设计在很大程度上依赖于设计者的实践经验，带有相当的主观性。因此，对于一个特定的被控对象，需要借助某种手段对控制器进行优化才能取得较为满意的设计效果。而改善模糊控制性能的最有效方法是优化模糊控制器的控制规则和有关参数。本文提出了一种基于MATLAB的模糊控制器综合优化方法。该方法首先利用MATLAB中的模糊系统工具箱结合MATLAB函数构建控制规则可调整的模糊控制器，然后利用最优化工具箱优化模糊控制器的控制规则和参数，从而提高模糊控制器的控制性能。最后利用仿真连接器建立系统仿真模型并在单位阶跃输入信号作用下仿真分析系统动态性能和优化设计结果。仿真表明控制规则及参数优化后系统阶跃响应特性基本上能达到快速小超调的设计目标。

关键词：模糊控制；优化；MATLAB；仿真

Rearch on Optimization Method of Fuzzy controller based

on Parameters self-optimizing

Abstract

Fuzzy control is an important branch of the intelligent control.The essence is a simulation to the process of human thinking of observation, thinking, judgement and decision-making. Conventional fuzzy controller is easy to design and implement,and has a wide range of applications. But the design of fuzzy controller mostly relies on the designers’practical experience, with considerable subjectivity.Therefore, a specific object,needs to be optimized to achieve relatively satisfied with the design effect. And the most effective way of improve the performance of fuzzy control is optimizing fuzzy controller control rules and the relevant parameters.It is presented in this paper a comprehensive optimization method of the fuzzy controller. The method based on MATLAB and digital simulation analysis includes three steps: firstly it uses fuzzy control system toolbox and MATLAB function to construct a fuzzy controller with adjustable control rules; secondly, it optimizes the control rules and parameters of the fuzzy controller by the optimum toolbox; thirdly, with the simulation linker, it builds an smulation model of a second-order system with delay and analyzes the dynamic characteristics of the whole system according to the step response. The simulation results show that the system can meet the target of quick and none-overshoot and design the fuzzy controller with high efficiency.

Key words: fuzzy control;optimization;MATLAB;simulation

目录

摘要 ............................................ I Abstract ......................................... II 目录.. (1)

1 绪论 (1)

1.1论文的选题背景 (1)

1.2论文的研究意义 (1)

1.3模糊控制应用研究的现状及发展 (1)

1.4课题的主要内容 (2)

2 模糊控制数学基础 (3)

2.1 模糊子集与运算 (3)

2.2 模糊推理 (4)

2.2.1 模糊条件语句 (4)

2.2.2 模糊推理 (5)

3 基本模糊控制器的设计与建立 (8)

3.1精确量的模糊化 (8)

3.1.1 模糊控制器的语言变量 (8)

3.1.2 量化因子与比例因子 (8)

3.1.3语言变量值的选取 (9)

3.2模糊控制算法的设计 (10)

3.2.1常见的模糊控制规则 (10)

3.2.2反映控制规则的模糊关系 (11)

3.3输出信息的模糊判决 (11)

3.4基于MATLAB的模糊控制器的实现方法 (11)

3.4.1 基于模糊系统工具箱图形用户界面（GUI）的模糊控制器设计.. 12

3.4.2 用MATLAB语言编程的方法实现模糊控制系统的设计 (16)