复合句(定语从句)

1. 关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。 As we all know, the earth is round. as可以引导一个定语从句，意思是“正如”。可以放在句
前，也可以放在句中，可以充当主语，宾语等。 As you see, he is from America. 这里的as作see的宾语。 As is known to us all, he is from America.正如大家所知道的那 样，他来自美国（主语）
用删除法 分析：强调句句型：It is/was +被强调的成份+that/who +其它部 分．去掉 It is/was….that/who… ,句子照样成立。 ①It is on the morning of May 1st _____ I met Liang Wei at the airport． ②It is the factory _____ Mr Wang works．
关系副词在从句中作状语。
方法二：句子完整法：关系代词引导的定语从句不完整；

关系副词引导的定语从句是完整的。
I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays
together. I will never forget the days that / which we spent together.
b.只能用which不用that的情况: 1.介词后面 2.逗号
后面 1. 定语从句中的介词前置时关系代词只能用which 2. 引导非限制性定语从句时只能用which, 其先行 词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分. (1) The machine, which I have looked after for 8 years, is still working perfectly. (2)My glasses, without which I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.
考点四:关系副词的运用
⑴ 先行词为“时间的名词”用when：time（day, night, morning, week, month, year等）＋when… I don’t remember the day when he left.(on which)
⑵ 先行词为“表示地点的名词” ★★★★★ where：
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五、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 的区别
A. 限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。意义上是先


行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。 B.非限制性定语从句只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能 表达完整的意思。译法上译成先行词的定语“．．．的” 通常译成 主句的并列句。在非限制性定语从句中，通常用who, whom, whose 指人，用 which 指物。 Eg. Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college. 她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学.（意含：她还有其他哥哥。） Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college. 她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。（意含： 她只有一个哥 哥。）
⑶ 先行词为“表示原因的名词”why：reason＋why…
（表示原因的名词只有一个） That's the reason why I helped him.（why =for which）
考点五：as与which引导的定语从句
两者均可引导非限制性定语从句， as 可以在句首句中，
which 必需放在句中，但下列情况多用as。
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考点二. 先行词为物时引导词that和which
a.只用that不用which 的情况 1)先行词为much, little, few, nothing, none, anything, no, all等不定代词. All that can be done has been done. 2）先行词既有人又有物。
考点： 考点一. 先行词为人时引导词who和that
a. 用who不用that的情况： (1)当先行词为one, ones, anyone, those时。 (2)当先行词为人称代词时。 He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. Those who have any difficulty with pronunciation should practice more. b. 用that不用who的情况： 1)当主句已经出现who时。 2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。 Who is the man that spoke to you just now? Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be.
place（case, point, situation, condition, scene, stage, country, room, house, museum, school等）＋where… That is the house where he lived two years ago. (In which)
B
C
（It is／was the first／second ． time ＋that从句）
三大注意：
1. the way 做先行词，定语从句可由that, in which 引 导或省略。
The way (in which/ that/) he answer the question was surprising. 2.疑问句的解题思路 ：先把疑问句还原成陈述句， 然后判断谁是先行词，再看关系词在定语从句中 所充当的成分，最后确定正确答案。 1. Is this factory ____ we visited last week? 2. Is this the factory ____ we visited last Week? A . where B. that C. to which D. the one
定语从句
一、什么是定语从句？
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从
句。 在定语从句中，被修饰的这一名词或代词叫做先行词。 在定语从句中的引导词叫做关系词。关系词又分关系 代词和关系副词。 例如：
This is the mountain village which I visited last year.
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3、定语从句与习惯句型的区别 ①It is the first time _____ she has been in Shanghai． ②It was the time _____ Chinese people had a hard life． A. as B. that C. when D. which
every, no等修饰。 This is one of the very book that I am looking for.
5）关系代词在从句中作表语． Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be. (6) 在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中 Who that has such a home doesn’t love it? (7) 主句是there be句型： There is a man that lives in that village.
三、关系词通常有下列三个作用？
1.引导定语从句； 2.代替先行词； 3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。 Eg. The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
四、关系代词和关系副词有何区别及方法？
方法一：句子成份法：关系代词在句中充当主语、宾语；
关系词往往只用which。 Tom was late for school again and again, which made his teacher very angry.
三Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu区别：
1.the same... as 和 the same ...that的用法辨异. That’s the same tool as I used last week. （同类事物） That’s the same tool that I used last week. 那就是我上周用过的工具。（指原物） 2. 定语从句与强调句型的区别 判断是否是强调结构的方法是采
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2. 当与such , as或the same连用时，一般用as。
That’s the same tool as I used last week. I am not so strong a man as I was.我已经没有从前那
么强壮了。
3. 当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时，
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二、关系词有哪些？
1、关系代词：which（指sth 作主语或宾语），that （指sb或sth 作主语或宾语），who（指sb作主 语或宾语）whom（指sb作宾语），whose（指 sb或sth，作定语）,as（指sb,sth 作主语或宾 语）; 注意: 做宾语的时候， 关系代词可以省略。 2、关系副词：when（指时间 on which），where （指地点 at which），why（指原因 for which）
He spoke of the men and the thing (that) he had seen abroad. 3）先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰。
This is one of the best films that I have ever seen.
4）先行词被the very, the only, the last, just, all, any,
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考点三：介词+关系代词 (which/ whom)
**** 关系代词前介词的确定方法： 1. 定语从句的动词与先行词的逻辑关系，或者从句的动 词、形容词的习惯性搭配。 The farm on which I once worked has taken on a new look. Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands? Ours is a beautiful country, of which we are greatly proud.
2.非限制性定语从句中，表示先行词的一部分时，可用 “数词/代词 + of + 关系代词”的结构。
There are 50 students in our class, two- thirds of whom have
been to Beijing.
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3. Whose从句可转换为“ of +关系代词”型， whose的先行词指物时, 可用of which代替, 但词序 不同， 即whose+n=the +n + of which =of which + the + n. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south. They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south. Of which the door open to the south.