初三英语被动语态知识精讲-2

初三英语被动语态【本讲主要内容】被动语态【知识总结归纳】一. 概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。

二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换We Visited that factory last summer →主动语态主语谓语宾语状语That factory was visited by us last summer →被动语态主语谓语宾语状语三. 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比四. 如何正确使用被动语态1. 有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。

需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to ”。

eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主动语态）⎭⎬⎫.him by us to told often are stories g Interestin .him by stories g interestin told often are We （被动语态）▲常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend , pass 等。

2. 在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to 被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to 还要还原。

eg. I often hear her sing this popular song . （主动语态）4434421复合宾语宾语补足语宾语She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被动语态）▲ 有这种用法的常用动词有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice 等。

3. 有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。

” 比较：（1）⎩⎨⎧)()(.Fengping by closed is door The .closed is door The 被动语态。

这个门是由冯平来关的系表结构门是关着的。

（2）⎩⎨⎧)()(.Mary by broken was glass The .broken is glass The 被动语态。

的这个玻璃杯是玛丽弄坏系表结构。

这个玻璃杯是坏的4. 只有及物动词和可有宾语的动词+介词词组才可以有被动语态。

eg. ⎩⎨⎧)()(.China in place taken been have changes Great .China in place taken have changes Great 错误正确⎩⎨⎧)()(.sea deep the in d disappeare was dolphin The .sea deep the in d disappeare dolphin The 错误正确【题型展示】1. A talk on Chinese history in the school hall next week .A. be givenB. has been givenC. will be givenD. will give答案：C （2003天津市） 2. To make our city more beautiful , rubbish into the river . A . needn’t be thrown B . mustn’t be thrown C . can’t throw D. may not throw答案：B （2003重庆市） 3. You may go fishing if your work .A. is doneB. will be doneC. has doneD. have done答案：A （2003河北省） 4. The trees must three times a week .A. waterB. is wateringC. be wateredD. waters答案：C （2003长沙市）5. —I won’t come to the party unless S ue , too .—You mean if Sue comes you’ll come ?A. will inviteB. invitesC. invitedD. is invited答案：D （2003江西省）6. I like my new bike . It very well .A. ridesB. is ridingC. is riddenD. has ridden答案：A （2003江西省）7. Mr. Chen has a lond voice . His voice can clearly even in that big classroom .A. hearB. be heardC. be hearingD. have heard答案：B （2003台湾省）8. —It’s time to do your homework , Jack .—Yes , Mum . I’ll turn off the TV as soon as the programme .A. endsB. endC. will be endedD. will end答案：A （2003广州市）9. You to the meeting , why didn’t you go ?A. be invitedB. will be invitedC. were invitedD. are invited答案：C （2003山西省）10. A lot of trees along the river last year .A. plantedB. are plantedC. were planted答案：C （2003四川省）【实战模拟】一. 选择填空1. The rivers smells terrible People must dirty things into it .A. be stopped to throwB. be stopped from throwingC. stop to throwD. stop form throwing2. Paper first invented in China .A. isB. areC. wasD. were3. —Do you like the flower ? — Yes , it sweet .A. is smellingB. smeltC. is smeltD. smells4. It snowed heavily last night . The ground thick snow .A. was covered withB. was filled withC. was made ofD. covered with5. The light in the room before you leave .A. must turn ofB. will turn offC. are turnedD. must be turned off6. the kind of question often in your class , Ann ?A. Does , askB. Is , askedC. Has , askedD. Will , ask7. The bridge in three weeks .A. will buildB. is builtC. will be builtD. builds8. The old men and the children must in our country .A. take good careB. be taken good careC. take good care ofD. be taken good care of9. Paul doesn’t have to be made He always works hard .A. learnB. to learnC. learnedD. learning10. The girl was unhappy because she by some boys in the class .A. is laughedB. was laughedC. laughed atD. was laughed at11. We that the English test next Monday .A. are told , givesB. tell , will giveC. are told , will be givenD. told , is going to be given12. Great changes place in China since 1978 .A. have been takenB. have takenC. has been takenD. took13. the red pencil-box by your father last week ?A. Has , boughtB. Was , boughtC. Does , buyD. Did , buy14. Mary many songs at the party .A. heard singB. heard to singC. was heard singD. was heard to sing15. trees usually in April ?A. Have , plantedB. Are , plantedC. Do , plantD. Were , planted16. When we got there , the broken road repaired .A. is beingB. was beingC. has beenD. /17. The windows of the room once a week .A. has been cleanedB. is cleanedC. are cleanedD. are cleaning18. In 1620 , about half the USA forests .A. was coveredB. was covered byC. were filled withD. covered with19. The young tree the stick .A. should be tied toB. must be tied byC. should tie toD. can be tied with20. A present me by my friend on my birthday .A. is givingB. was given toC. is given forD. will give to21. By was the book ?A. who , wroteB. whom , writeC. whom , writtenD. whom , writing22. Films about crime and violence（暴力与犯罪）by young children .A. should not seeB. should be not seenC. should not be seenD. should be seen23. In warm weather fruit and meat long .A. can’t be keptB. don’t keepC. is not keptD. are n’t keeping24. Half the world’s telephone calls in English .A. are madeB. are makingC. makeD. is made25. That building now .A. is buildingB. is builtC. is being builtD. builds26. The trees in our school every Friday afternoon .A. are wateredB. are wateringC. have wateredD. water27. More “ Great Green Walls ” must all over the world .A. buildB. are builtC. be buildingD. be built28. His school bag by a woman ten minutes ago .A. took awayB. was taken awayC. was taken offD. is taken29. It that she very clever .A. was said , isB. was said , wereC. is said , isD. is said , is being30. Yesterday a visitor something about his hometown .A. was askedB. was askingC. is askedD. asked31. Do you like this kind of paper ? Yes , it very nice .A. is feltB. feltC. is feelingD. feels32. These books well .A. sellsB. are being soldC. are soldD. sell33. The boy lost on his way home yesterday .A. gotB. isC. getsD. has34. Though the coat is a bit large now , it me very soon .A. will be fitB. will fitC. fitD. fits35. Football everywhere in the world .A. is playedB. playC. is playingD. plays36. Everybody here was a present .A. gaveB. givenC. To giveD. Giving37. A new factory in our city last year .A. builtB. has builtC. was builtD. is building38. All trees must well when it is dry .A. be wateredB. are wateredC. waterD. be watering39. This shirt silk .A. must be made inB. make byC. must be made ofD. must be made by40. These books good care of .A. must takenB. must takeC. have to takeD. must be taken41. Stamps by people for sending letters .A. useB. in usingC. usedD. are used42. More trees next year .A. will be plantedB. will plantC. have plantedD. are planting43. —When the People’s Republic of China ?—On October 1.1949 .A. did …foundB. was …fo undC. was … foundedD. is … founded44. Today , too many trees are still in the world .A. cutting downB. cut downC. being cut downD. cutted45. This kind of machine Japan .A. is made byB. is made fromC. is made inD. is made of46. The teacher says that the man will .A. be well taken careB. well look afterC. take care wellD. be well looked after47. —I think the shop .—No , It’s open . It at six .A. is cl ose … closeB. is closed … closesC. closed … closesD. is closed48. I was astonished（吃惊）to hear that the colour TV set 5 , 000 yuan .A. has costB. costC. costedD. was cost49. Great changes place since he came here .A. have been takenB. have takenC. has been takenD. has taken50. He was seen something from the shop .A. stealB. to stealC. to be stolenD. stealed51. She has by her classmates .A. laughedB. laughed atC. been laughedD. been laughed at二. 用正确的时态和语态填空1. Nearly everybody here （know）when the old museum （build）.2. The building can （see）from every part of the city ; It （build）many years ago .3. Yesterday Tom （tell）me that his bike （break）last week .4. The students often （tell）to take care of their desks and chairs .5. Now he （be）asked if the meeting （hold）next Friday .6. It is known to all that the moon （turn）round the earth .7. Miss Li often （use）a recorder in her English class . But she （not use）it tomorrow .8. Vegetables , eggs and fruits （sell）in this shop .9. English （speak）here .10. The song （like）by us all twenty years ago .11. The pictures （take）by Jack tomorrow .12. The computer （can use）in the room .13. The room （paint）now .14. The novel （translate）into many languages since it was published .15. That clock （call）Big Ben .16. Last week , when I （ask）about English culture , I couldn’t answer it well .17. What language （speak）in your country ?18. School football games often （hold）on Friday evenings .19. The film （show）again sometime next week .20. If anything （happen）to him , let me know .21. the pair of new shoes （suit）you ?22. The bottle （break）by the cat yesterday .23. A tall tree （can , see）in the picture .24. The sports meeting （hold）last week .25. We （tell）yesterday that Jane would come back from Australia .26. Look , Mr Smith （take）to the station by Mark in his car .27. These trees should （water）after they （plant）.28. The TV set （make）in Beijing . It （make）last April .29. Colour TVs （sell）in that shop .30. When the People’s Republic of China （found）?31. Have you moved into the new house ?Not yet . The rooms （paint）now .32. An American film often （show）on TV on Sundays .33. She （tell）the good news as soon as she arrived .34. Look ! A big modern bridge （build）over the river .35. Dr Bethune （remember）by the Chinese people for ever .36. A recorder often （use）in our English class .[参考答案]http//一. 选择填空1—5 BCDAD 6—10 BCDBD 11—15 CBBDB 16—20 BCBAB 21—25 CCAAC 26—30 ADBCA 31—35 DCABA 36—40 BCACD 41—45 DACBC 46—50 DBBBB 51. D二. 用正确的时态和语态填空1. knows , was built2. be seen , was built3. told , was broken4. are , told5. is , will be held6. turns7. uses , won’t use 8. are sold 9. is spoken10. was liked 11. will be taken 12. can be used13. is being painted 14. has been translated 15. is called16. was asked 17. is spoken 18. are , held19. will be shown 20. happens 21. Does ,suit22. was broken 23. can be seen 24. was held25. were told 26. is being taken 27. be watered , are planted 28. is made , was made 29. are sold 30. was founded31. are being painted 32. is , shown 33. was told34. is being built 35. will be remembered 36. is , used。