英美概况(美国部分)简答题答案
英美概况考试题及答案
英美概况考试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 伦敦B. 爱丁堡C. 曼彻斯特D. 伯明翰答案：A2. 美国的独立日是哪一天？A. 7月4日B. 7月14日C. 4月16日D. 11月11日答案：A3. 英语中，“下午茶”起源于哪个国家？A. 美国B. 法国C. 英国D. 德国答案：C4. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 英镑C. 美元D. 法郎5. 美国的总统任期是几年？A. 4年B. 5年C. 6年D. 7年答案：A6. 英国的国花是什么？A. 玫瑰B. 郁金香C. 菊花D. 百合答案：A7. 美国的官方语言是什么？A. 英语B. 西班牙语C. 法语D. 德语答案：A8. 英国的哪个城市以工业革命而闻名？A. 伦敦B. 曼彻斯特C. 爱丁堡D. 利物浦答案：B9. 美国的国旗被称为什么？B. 联合旗C. 红白蓝旗D. 联邦旗答案：A10. 英国的哪个国王被称为“征服者威廉”？A. 威廉一世B. 威廉二世C. 威廉三世D. 威廉四世答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英国的全称是_________。
答案：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国2. 美国的首都是_________。
答案：华盛顿特区3. 英语中，“谢谢”的表达是_________。
答案：Thank you4. 英国的国歌是_________。
答案：天佑女王/天佑吾王5. 美国的国歌是_________。
答案：星条旗永不落6. 英国的议会分为_________和_________。
答案：上议院/下议院7. 美国的两个主要政党是_________和_________。
答案：民主党/共和党8. 英国的著名地标之一是_________。
答案：大本钟9. 美国的著名地标之一是_________。
答案：自由女神像10. 英语中，“再见”的表达是_________。
答案：Goodbye三、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. 简述英国的地理位置。
英美概况课后题答案简答题
• 1. How is the American population distributed
• The distribution of the American population is rather uneven. The most densely populated region is the northeastern part of the country. The Great Plains have a comparatively small population. The South also has a population of almost 57.5 million. The West is not densely populated expect for some metropolitan center like Los Angeles and San Francisco. It has about 20%of the nation’s population.
• 1. How does an American university choose its applicants
• American universities choose applicants on the basis of : a their high school records; b recommendations from their high school teachers; c the impression they make during interviews at the university; d their scores on the SAT.
• 2. What role does the media play in Britain leisure culture
英美概况（美国部分）简答题答案
英美概况（美国部分）简答题答案英美概况(美国部分)简答题答案UNIT35.What were some of the causes of the American Revolution? Explain the Declaration of Independence?By the early 1760s, the 13 English colonies(殖民地) in North America had developed a similar American pattern in politics, economy and cultural life and enjoyed the same frontier(开拓的) environment. The English people and Europeans had become Americans and they were ready to separate themselves from the Old World. In addition,”No taxation without represantion”, many new taxes imposed(强迫) on North American colonies by the British Parliament(国会). In 1773,a group of patriots(爱国者) responded to the tea tax by staging the “Boston Tea Party”.In September1774, the First Continental Congress(第一次大陆会议) was held in Philadelphia(费城). On April 19, 1775, the first shot was fired when 700 British soldiers went to capture(占领,俘获) a colonial arms depot(仓库) in a small town of Concord near Boston.The Declaration of Independence was mainly drafted by Thomas Jefferson and adopted by the Congress on July 41,776, when the people of 13 English colonies in North America were fighting for their freedom and independence from the British colonial rule. The document declared that all men were equal and that they were entitled to have some unalienable rights such as life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. It also explained the philosophy of government: the powers of governments came from the consent of the governed and the purpose of governments were to secure the rights mentioned above. The theory of politics and the guiding principles of the AmericanRevolution mainly came from John Locke.UNIT 41 Why did the Articles of Confederation fail? Was it necessary to change the Articles of Confederation and write a new constitution for the new nation of the United States at the time?The Articles of Confederation(联邦条款) failed because the states did not cooperate with the Congress or with each other. When the Congress needed money to pay the national army or to pay debts owed to France and other nations, some states refused to contribute. The Congress had been given no authority to force any state to do anything. It could not tax any citizen. Only the state in which a citizen lived could do that.2. What is a federal system? What are some of the major differences between a federal system and a confederation?The Constitution set up a federal system with a strong central government. A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts, with some rights reserved to each. The Constitution also called for the election of a national leader, or president. It provided that federal laws would be made only by a Congress made up of representatives elected by the people. It also provided for a national court system headed by a Supreme Court.。
大一英美概况试题及答案
大一英美概况试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The United States of America is commonly referred to as:A. UKB. USAC. USD. America答案：C2. The United Kingdom is located in:A. North AmericaB. South AmericaC. EuropeD. Asia答案：C3. The official language of the United States is:A. SpanishB. FrenchC. EnglishD. German答案：C4. The capital of the United Kingdom is:A. LondonB. ManchesterC. EdinburghD. Glasgow答案：A5. The currency used in the United States is:A. Pound SterlingB. EuroC. DollarD. Yen答案：C6. The population of the United States is approximately:A. 50 millionB. 150 millionC. 300 millionD. 500 million答案：C7. The United Kingdom is a member of the European Union (EU):A. TrueB. False答案：B8. The United States is a federal republic consisting of:A. 50 statesB. 48 statesC. 52 statesD. 46 states答案：A9. The United Kingdom's system of government is:A. MonarchyB. RepublicC. CommunistD. Dictatorship答案：A10. The United States was founded on:A. July 4, 1776B. July 4, 1777C. July 4, 1775D. July 4, 1783答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The largest city in the United States is ________.答案：New York City2. The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales, and ________.答案：Northern Ireland3. The national anthem of the United States is called________.答案：The Star-Spangled Banner4. The United Kingdom's national anthem is ________.答案：God Save the Queen5. The United States is bordered by ________ to the north and Mexico to the south.答案：Canada6. The United Kingdom's national flag is known as the________.答案：Union Jack7. The President of the United States is elected for a term of ________ years.答案：four8. The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of the ________.答案：government9. The United States is divided into three main regions: the Northeast, the South, and the ________.答案：West10. The United Kingdom is part of the ________ continent.答案：European三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. Describe the political system of the United States.答案：The United States has a federal system of government with three branches: the legislative (Congress), the executive (President), and the judicial (Supreme Court). The President serves as both the head of state and the head of government.2. Explain the role of the Queen in the United Kingdom.答案：The Queen is the constitutional monarch of the United Kingdom and serves as the symbol of national unity. Her role is largely ceremonial, and she does not have direct political power.3. What are the main cultural influences in the United States? 答案：The United States has a diverse cultural landscape influenced by its indigenous peoples, European settlers, African slaves, and immigrants from all over the world. The main cultural influences include Native American traditions, European heritage, African American culture, and the melting pot of immigrant cultures.四、论述题（30分）Discuss the historical significance of the AmericanRevolution and its impact on the development of the United States.答案：The American Revolution was a pivotal event in world history that led to the birth of the United States as an independent nation. It marked the end of British colonialrule and the beginning of a new era of self-governance. The Revolution was significant because it was the firstsuccessful colonial revolt against a major European power. It also set a precedent for other colonies seeking independence and inspired movements for democracy and self-determination around the world. The impact of the American Revolution isstill felt today in the form of the democratic principles and values enshrined in the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights, which continue to shape the nation's political and social landscape.。
英美概况考试题及答案
英美概况考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 伦敦B. 爱丁堡C. 曼彻斯特D. 伯明翰答案：A2. 美国的独立日是哪一天？A. 7月4日B. 7月14日C. 7月17日D. 7月24日答案：A3. 英语中“下午茶”起源于哪个国家？A. 美国B. 法国C. 德国D. 英国答案：D4. 美国的官方货币是什么？A. 英镑B. 欧元C. 美元D. 加元答案：C5. 英国的国花是什么？A. 玫瑰B. 郁金香C. 菊花D. 紫罗兰答案：A6. 美国的总统任期是多久？A. 4年B. 5年C. 6年D. 7年答案：A7. 英国的全称是什么？A. 大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国B. 大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国C. 大不列颠及北爱尔兰王国D. 大不列颠王国答案：A8. 美国的国土面积在世界上排名第几？A. 第一B. 第二C. 第三D. 第四答案：C9. 英国的国歌是什么？A. “天佑女王”B. “星条旗永不落”C. “上帝保佑女王”D. “星条旗”答案：C10. 美国的人口数量大约是多少？A. 3亿B. 3.5亿C. 4亿D. 4.5亿答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英国的现任君主是________。
答案：伊丽莎白二世2. 美国的首都是________。
答案：华盛顿特区3. 英语中“Thank you”的意思是________。
答案：谢谢4. 英国的议会由________和________两院组成。
答案：上议院、下议院5. 美国的国旗被称为________。
答案：星条旗6. 英国的主要宗教是________。
答案：基督教7. 美国的官方语言是________。
答案：英语8. 英国的著名作家莎士比亚的代表作之一是________。
答案：《哈姆雷特》9. 美国的著名地标之一是________。
答案：自由女神像10. 英国的著名大学之一是________。
答案：牛津大学三、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. 简述英国的政治体制。
大一英美概况试题及答案
大一英美概况试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The United Kingdom consists of four countries, which one is not included?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Ireland答案：D2. Which of the following is not a major city in the United States?A. New YorkB. Los AngelesC. ChicagoD. Toronto答案：D3. The English language originated from which country?A. GermanyB. FranceC. EnglandD. Spain答案：C4. What is the capital of the United States?A. New YorkB. Washington D.C.C. Los AngelesD. Chicago答案：B5. Which of the following is not a traditional British sport?A. CricketB. RugbyC. American FootballD. Golf6. The Statue of Liberty is located in which city?A. New York CityB. Los AngelesC. ChicagoD. San Francisco答案：A7. Which of the following is not a British colony?A. AustraliaB. CanadaC. IndiaD. Brazil答案：D8. The United States declared its independence from which country?A. FranceC. Great BritainD. Germany答案：C9. Which of the following is not a major British holiday?A. ChristmasB. EasterC. ThanksgivingD. Boxing Day答案：C10. The American Civil War took place between which years?A. 1861-1865B. 1812-1814C. 1775-1783D. 1914-1918答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales, and ______.答案：Northern Ireland2. The official language of the United Kingdom is ______.答案：English3. The United States is divided into ______ states.答案：fifty4. The largest city in the United Kingdom is ______.答案：London5. The currency of the United Kingdom is the ______.答案：Pound Sterling6. The United States is bordered by ______ to the north and Mexico to the south.答案：Canada7. The first permanent English settlement in the Americas was established at ______.答案：Jamestown8. The American Revolution began with the ______.答案：Boston Tea Party9. The ______ is the highest court in the United Kingdom.答案：Supreme Court10. The ______ is the national anthem of the United States.答案：The Star-Spangled Banner三、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. Describe the geographical features of the United Kingdom.答案：The United Kingdom is an island nation located off the northwestern coast of mainland Europe. It consists of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. The country is known for its diverse landscapes, including the rolling hills of the countryside, the rugged coastlines, and the bustling cities. The climate is generally temperate, with mild winters and cool summers.2. Explain the significance of the American Revolution.答案：The American Revolution was a pivotal event in world history that marked the birth of the United States as an independent nation. It was fought between 1775 and 1783 and resulted in the colonies breaking free from British rule. The revolution was significant for its impact on the principles of democracy, self-governance, and the establishment of a republic based on the rule of law and the consent of the governed.3. Discuss the role of immigration in shaping the United States.答案：Immigration has played a crucial role in shaping the United States, both demographically and culturally. From the early settlers to the waves of immigrants from Europe, Asia, and Latin America, the country has been a melting pot of diverse cultures. Immigration has contributed to the economic growth, cultural richness, and thedevelopment of a unique American identity that values diversity and the pursuit of the American Dream.4. What are the main branches of the UK government?答案：The UK government is structured into three main branches: the Monarchy, the Parliament, and the Judiciary. The Monarchy, currently headed by Queen Elizabeth II, serves as a ceremonial figurehead. The Parliament, which consists of the House of Commons and the House of Lords, is responsible for making laws. The Judiciary, with the Supreme Court at its head, interprets the law and ensures that it is applied fairly and consistently.四、论述题（20分）1. Discuss the cultural influences of the United States on the world.答案：The United States has had a profound cultural influence on the world, particularly in the areas of music, film, television, and literature. American pop culture, with its emphasis on individualism and innovation, has spread globally through various media. Hollywood films have become a dominant force in the global entertainment industry, shaping global tastes and preferences. American music genres such as jazz, blues, rock 'n' roll, and hip-hop have also had a significant impact, influencing music worldwide. Additionally, American literature,with its diverse voices and themes, has contributed to global literature and thought. The United States' influence is also seen in its technological advancements, which have transformed communication, business, and everyday life around the world.请注意，以上试题及答案仅供参考，实际考试内容和形式可能有所不同。
《英语国家社会与文化入门》(简称英美概况)美国答案.doc
美国UNIT 3 l.What is an American? He is either a European, or the descendant of a European, hence that strange mixture of blood, which you will find in no other country. He is an American, who leaving behind him all his ancient prejudices and manners, receives new ones from the new mode of life he has embraced, the new go ver nment he obeys, and the new rank he holds.... Here individuals of all nations are melted into a new race of men, whose labors and posterity will one day cause great changes in the world. ... The American is a new man, who acts new principles; he must therefore en tertai n new ideas, and form new opinions. 4 .In what way did Puritanism influe nee America n culture?A. Today, Puritans are no Ion ger in existence. But their legacies are still felt in American society and culture. For example, the Puritans hoped to build "a city upon hill" an ideal comm unity. Since that time, America ns have viewed their country as a great experiment, a worthy model for other nations. This sense of mission has been very strong in the minds of many Americans.B. The Puritans also have left rich cultural heritage to future America ns. The America n values such as in dividualism, hard work, respect of educatio n owe very much to the Puritan beliefs.UNIT 4 1 Why did the Articles of Confederation fail? Was it necessary to change the Articles of Confederation and write a new constitution for the new nation of the United States at the time? The Articles of Confedera廿on failed because the states did not cooperate with the Congress or with each other. When the Congress needed money to pay the national army or to pay debts owed to Fra nee and other nati ons, some states refused to con tribute. The Con gress had bee n given no authority to force any state to do anything. It could not tax any citizen. Only the state in which a citizen lived could do that. 2. What is a federal system? What are some of the major differences between a federal system and a confederation? The Constitution set up a federal system with a strong cen tral go ver nment. A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts, with some rights reserved to each. The Con stituti on also called for the electi on of a nati on al leader, or preside nt. It provided that federal laws would be made only by a Congress made up of representatives elected by the people. It also provided for a national court system headed by a Supreme Court. 3. What are some of the major powers of each of the three bra nches of the U.S. go ver nment? How are the three bra nches supposed to check and bala nee each other? If Con gress proposes a law that the preside nt thinks is un wise, the preside nt can veto it. That means the proposal does not become law. Con gress can en act the law despite the preside nt's views only if two-thirds of the members of both houses vote in favor of it. If Congress passes a law which is then challenged in the courts as unconstitutional, the Supreme Court has the power to declare the law unconst:itutional and therefore no Ion ger in effect. The preside nt has the power to make treaties with other nations and to make all appointments to federal positions, including the position of Supreme Court justice. The Sen ate, however; must approve all treaties and con firm all appoi ntme nts before they become official. In this way the Con gress can preve nt the preside nt from maki ng un wise appointments 4. What is the Bill of Rights? Do you think that it was necessary to write the Bill of Rights explicitly into the U.S. Constitution? The Bill of Rights: the first 10 amendments, collectively known as the Bill of Rights, were added within two years of the adoption of the U.S. Constitution. These amendments remain intact today, as they were written two centuries ago. The first guarantees freedom of worship, speech and press, the right of peaceful assembly, and the right to petition the government to correct wrongs. The Bill of Rights and subsequent con stituti onal ame ndme nts guara ntee the America n people the fullest possible opport unity to enjoy fundamental human rights. 5 What are the two political parties in the United States? Do you think they are fun dame ntally different? The Un ited States has two major political parties. One is the Democratic Party, which evolved out of Thomas」efferson's party, formed before 1800. The symbol of the party is the donkey. The other is theRepublican Party, which was formed in the 1850s, by people in the states of the North and West, such as Abraham Lin coin, who wan ted the go ver nment to preve nt the expa nsion of slavery into new states the n being admitted to the union. The symbol of the Republican Party is the elephant.UNIT 6 1. In what way do you think that religious freedom was a historical necessity in the United States? 1. By the middle of the 18th century, many different kinds of Protestants lived in America. 2. The Great Awakening of the 1740s, a "revivamovement that sought to breathe new feeling and st re ngth into religi on, cut across the lines of Protesta nt religious groups, or denominations. 3. A few America ns were so in flue need by the new scie nee and new ideas of the En lighte nment in Europe that they became deists, believing that reason teaches that God exists but leaves man free to settle his own affairs. 4. The First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States forbade the new federal go ver nment to give special favors to any religio n or to hin der the free practice, or exercise, of religion. 3 What promotes the diversity in American religion? 1. The United States has always been a fertile ground for the growth of new religious movements. Fron tier America provided plenty of room to set up a new church or found a new comm unity. 2. Many religious communities and secular utopias, or experiments in new forms of social living, were foun ded in 18th and 19th century America. 3. America ns with differe nt religions live together under the same law. 4. The religious beliefs of Americans continue to be strong with social progress. 5. In the United States every church is a completely independent organization, and concerned with its own finance and its own building. 6. Continuous immigration.UNIT 8 1. What is the goal of education in the United States? Discuss the similarities and differences in Great Britain, the United States and China concerning the goals of education. 答：The goal is一and has been since the early decades of the republic一to achieve universal literacy and to provide individuals with the knowledge and skills necessary to promote both their own individual welfare as well as that of the general public. Though this goal has not yet been fully achieved, it remains an ideal toward which the American educational system is directed. The progress which has bee n made is no table both for its scope and for the educati onal methods which have been developed in the process of achieving it. 2. How did American education begin to develop? In 1634, they ope ned a zz latee n grammar" school, a school for those who wan ted to prepare for college. In 1636, Harvard College was founded for the training of religious ministers. In 1634 and 1638, the Puritans passed laws declaring that all property could be taxed for the comm on good, which in eluded the support of school. I n 1642 and 1647, the Bay Colony passed laws requiring all parents to provide reading educating for their children. At the end of the 18th century, elementary education throughout the United States was in local hands. 3. What are the major characteristics of education in America? (l)Different education laws for different states.(2)Several levels of schooli ng： Eleme ntary Schooli ng, Sec on dary Schooli ng and High Schooli ng.(3)curricula for students: there is no national curriculum in the United States. (3)Compulsory education for all students. (4)Equal education opportunities for minority groups. (5)Strong dema nd for higher educati on. (6)The complex system of higher educati on. Some states play a strong role in the selection of learning material for their students. Schools were asked not only to teach this new information, but to help students ask their own questions about it. The "inquiry" method of learning, focusing on solving problems rather than memorizing facts, became popular. 或者3.What do you think some of the characteristics of education in America? 1. About 85% of American students attend public schools (schools supported by American taxpayers). The other 15% attend private schools, for which their families choose to pay special attendance fees. Four out of five private schools in theUnited States are run by churches, synagogues or other religious groups. In such schools, religious teachings are a part of the curriculum. 2. Each of the 50 states in the United States has its own laws regulating education. From state to state, some laws are similar; others are not. Education in the United States was to remain in the hands of state and local go ver nmen ts. 3. America ns have a str ong tendency to educate their childre n about major public concerns—problems such as environmentai pollution, nuclear issues, neighborhood crime and drugs.Unit9 1, what were the major social movement of the 1960s? And what was the historical background of the social movements of that decade? 一(1) the Civil Rights Movement, the Youth Movement, the Anti-War Movement, Free Speech Movement, Counter Culture, Women's Liberation Movement. (2) 1. During World War Two, many American Negroes had a taste of life outside the South. They knew that life in the segregated South, where Negroes were prevented from working at good jobs and getting good education, was not the American way of life. 2. Women earned less money and had fewer opportunities to advanee than men working in the same jobs, or they became housewives, isolated at home with their children. 3. Many young people resented traditional white male values in US society. 4. When the US army began to fight in Vietnam, many people thought the war was wrong. They did not understand why US troops were fighting in Asia.。
英美概况面试题及答案高中
英美概况面试题及答案高中问题一：英国的首都是什么？英国的官方语言是什么？答案：英国的首都是伦敦。
英国的官方语言是英语。
问题二：请简述美国的独立日是哪一天，并解释其意义。
答案：美国的独立日是7月4日，这一天是为了纪念1776年《独立宣言》的签署，标志着美国从大不列颠的统治下独立出来。
问题三：英国和美国在政治体制上有何不同？答案：英国是一个君主立宪制国家，拥有女王作为国家元首，而实际政治权力由首相和议会掌握。
美国则是一个联邦制国家，实行总统制，总统既是国家元首也是政府首脑。
问题四：请列举至少三个英国和美国在文化上的不同点。
答案：英国和美国在文化上的不同点包括：1) 饮食习惯，例如英国人喜欢下午茶，而美国人更倾向于快餐文化；2) 教育体系，英国的教育体系较为传统，注重学术研究，而美国的教育体系更注重实践和创新；3) 社会礼仪，英国人通常比较保守和讲究礼仪，而美国人则更加随意和直接。
问题五：英国的“脱欧”对英国和欧盟有什么影响？答案：“脱欧”指的是英国退出欧盟。
这一事件对英国意味着需要重新建立与欧盟的贸易关系，同时也可能影响英国的国际地位和经济。
对欧盟而言，英国的退出可能会削弱其整体经济实力和政治影响力。
问题六：美国历史上有哪些重要的移民潮？这些移民潮对美国的发展有何影响？答案：美国历史上重要的移民潮包括19世纪的爱尔兰和德国移民潮，以及20世纪的拉丁美洲和亚洲移民潮。
这些移民潮极大地丰富了美国的多元文化，促进了社会和经济的发展，同时也带来了一些社会问题，如文化融合和就业竞争。
问题七：请简述英国的工业革命对世界历史的影响。
答案：英国的工业革命是18世纪末到19世纪初的一场重大社会经济变革，它标志着从手工劳动向机械化生产的转变。
工业革命极大地提高了生产效率，促进了城市化，改变了人们的生活方式，并对全球经济和社会发展产生了深远影响。
问题八：美国的文化多元性是如何形成的？答案：美国的文化多元性主要是由其历史上的大规模移民潮形成的。
英美概况复习题1答案
英美概况复习题1答案一、选择题1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 伦敦B. 巴黎C. 柏林D. 罗马答案：A2. 美国的独立日是哪一天？A. 7月4日B. 7月14日C. 8月15日D. 9月11日答案：A3. 英语是以下哪个国家的官方语言？A. 中国B. 法国C. 英国D. 德国答案：C4. 美国的总统任期是多久？A. 4年B. 5年C. 6年D. 8年答案：A5. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 英镑B. 欧元C. 美元D. 日元答案：A二、填空题1. 英国由______个构成国组成，包括英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰。
答案：四2. 美国的首都是______，位于哥伦比亚特区。
答案：华盛顿3. 英语是英国的______语言，也是美国的主要语言之一。
答案：官方4. 英国的君主制是______，女王是国家的象征。
答案：立宪君主制5. 美国的宪法是1787年制定的，被称为______宪法。
答案：美国三、简答题1. 简述英国的地理位置。
答案：英国位于欧洲西北部，由大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛的北部以及其他小岛组成，隔英吉利海峡与法国相望。
2. 描述美国的政治体制。
答案：美国是一个联邦制国家，实行三权分立的政治体制，包括行政、立法和司法三个独立的分支。
3. 英国的工业革命对世界产生了哪些影响？答案：英国的工业革命促进了生产力的飞速发展，改变了生产方式，推动了城市化进程，同时也引发了社会结构和生活方式的变革。
四、论述题1. 论述英美两国在文化上的差异。
答案：英美两国虽然在语言上有共同之处，但在文化上存在显著差异。
例如，英国人通常比较保守，注重传统和礼仪，而美国人则更加开放和自由，强调个人主义。
此外，两国在饮食习惯、节日庆祝等方面也有所不同。
五、案例分析题1. 分析英国脱欧对英美关系的影响。
答案：英国脱欧可能会对英美关系产生复杂影响。
一方面，英国脱欧后可能会寻求加强与美国的经济和政治联系，以弥补与欧盟关系的减弱。
另一方面，英国脱欧可能会影响其在国际事务中的影响力，进而影响与美国的关系。
英美国家概况答案.doc
英美国家概况答案【篇一：英语国家概况-谢福之-课后答案-简答题(美国部分)】er 81. how is the american population distributed?the distribution of the american population is rather uneventhe most densely populated region is the northeastern part ofthe country. the great plains have a comparatively smallpopulation .the south also has a population of almost57.5million. the west is not densely populated ,except for somemetropolitan centers like los angeles and san francisco . it hasabout 20% of the nation ’s population.2. why was the immigration act of 1942 instituted ?the new immigrants in the united states , being poor andaccustomed to poverty , were willing to work for very lowwages .this made other workers afraid that the immigrantswould ls and take jobs away from them . this opposition led tothe immigration act of 1942.chapter 91. why did american change its policy and enter world war ii?because of the formation of the axis , the americangovernment feared that the axis countries were wining the warand it might threaten america ’s security and interests . itbegan to provide war equipment to the foreign nationsresisting the aggression of the axis power . the japanese airraid on pearl harbor became the direct cause for america ’sentrance into the war.2. what were nixon ’s w e-l k l nown contributions during his presidency?a) brought the vietnam war to a close b)reestablishing u.s.relations with chinac) negotiating the firststrategic arms limitation treaty with theformer soviet union .3. what were the contents of reagan ’s economic program?reagan ’s economic program called for reductions in incometaxes and business taxes in order to encourage investment ,and it also requested that many government regulations beeliminated so as to reduce the federal government ’s role in the day-to-day operation of business. chapter 101. what are the two characteristics of the u.s. constitution?one is “checks and balances ”, the other is that the power ofthe central government and the powers of state governmentsare specified.2. what are the qualifications for a senator and arepresentative respectively?a senator must be over 30 years old , a u.s. citizen for at leastnine years, and a resident in the state which they represent . arepresentative should be at least 25 years old and a u.s. citizenfor no less than seven years.3. what are the major powers of the supreme court?a) to interpret lawsb) to hear appeals from any federal court cases;c) to hear appeals from state court cases that involve theconstitution or national lawsd) may declare a lawunconstitutionale) may declare a presidential act unconstitutional.4. what is the difference between the democrats and therepublicans in terms of political opinions?the democrats want the government to play an important rolein the economy and emphasize full employment as a matter ofnational concern they favor civil rights laws , a strong socialsecurity system which gives enterprises a greater freedomand demand that the government control inflation. they stressthe need for law and order, and oppose complete governmentsocial programs and free choice of abortion they also favor astrong military posture and assertive stand in internationalrelations.chapter 111. what industry developments took place during the colonialperiod of america?during the colonial period ,the secondary industriesdeveloped as the colonies grew . a variety of specializedsawmills and gristmills appeared. colonists establishedshipyards to build fishing fleets and trading vessels . they alsobuilt small iron forges . by the 18th century , regional patterns of development in america had become clear.2. how did the civil war affect the american economy?after the civil war , the large southern cotton plantations became much less profitable . northern industries , which had expanded rapidly because of the demands of the war ,surged ahead.3. why does america try to reduce trade barriers?because the united states has increasingly realized that open bilateral trade will not only advance its own economic interests, but also enhance domestic stability and its peaceful relationship with other nations.chapter 121. how does an american university choose its applicants?a)their high school records;b) recommendations from their high school teachers;c) the impression they make during interviews at the university;d) their scores on the sat.2. what functions do american higher education institutions perform?higher education institutions in the united states have three functions: teaching , research and public service , and each has its own emphasis with regard to its function .3. what similarities do four famous university share?they all have a long history , they all have an excellent faculty , a large number of students and have made extensive academic achievements. some of their graduates are very successful or influential in some areas such as politics, arts and business.4. what are the origins of thanksgiving day?thanksgiving is associated with the time when europeans first came to the new world , in 1620,the mayflower arrived and brought about 150 pilgrims. life at the beginning was very hard and there was not enough food , so many of them died. during the following summer the native america helped them and then they had a bountiful harvest. so they held a big celebration to thank god and the native americans.第四大题chapter 81．why is the united states regarded as a ”melting pot ”anda ”salad bowl ”?the united states is not merely a nation,but a nation ofnations.the immigrants came in waves,including theeuropeans,the africans and the asians.therefore,america isdescribed as amelting potwhere various racial and ethnicgroups are assimilate into american culture.recently,americahas been called asalad bowlin that people of difference racesand ethnic groups mix harmoniously,but at the same time keeptheir distinct culture and customs.2．what do you think is the best way to help assimilation in a multicultural society? the best possible way to help assimilation in a multiculturalsociety is to be open and tolerant toward differentcultures.people from different racial and ethnic backgroundsshould respect each other.society should create opportunitiesto help immigrants become assimilated.at the same time theimmigrants should keep their own language,customs andreligion,contributing to the diversity of a multicultural society.chapter 91. what was the cause of the american civil war?the southern planters of america needed a large number ofblack african slaves to manage their plantations and theyregarded the slaves as their property.in the north,with thedevelopment of industry,there was a growing demand for freelabor.what ’s more,hte northerners demanded a law to protecttariffs and asked the government to finance the building ofrailways and roads.but the southerners were against it andadvocated free trade so as to purchase cheaper goods fromforeign countries.the accumulating conflicts led to the divisionof the north and the south and finally the american civil war.2. what made the united states a powerful country by the endof world war ii?during the two world wars,america remained neutral in theearly stage.however, americans continued their profitabletrade with the warring countries.therefore,they not onlyretained their military forces,but also accumulated greatwealth.when america entered the wars,it was almost at the endof the wars.by sharing the fruit of victory with other allies,america greatly strengthened its power and became apowerful country by the end of world war ii.chapter 101. how is the american president voted into office? what areyour ideas about the american election?each party holds its national convention every four years tochoose a candidate for presidency.to win a presidentialelection,a candidate has to spend millions of dollars,travel allover the country to make speeches and debate on television with the rival.thegeneral election is technically divided into two stages.duringthe first stage,presidential electors for each state will bechosen.in the second stage the electors meet and vote a president.since the second stage is only a kind offormality,everyone knows who will be the next president ansoon as the first stage is over.i think the candidates spend too much money on the electoral campaigns.and, the election cannot solve the social andeconomic problems of the u.s. as some candidates do notkeep their word after they become president.2. what was president eisenhowers foreign policy and whatwere the consequences ?president eisenhower made vigorous efforts to wage the coldwar.he placed new emphasis on developing nuclear strengthto prevent the outbreak of war.he also frequently authorizedthe cia to undertake secret interventions to overthrowunfriendly governments or protect reliable anti-communistleaders whose power was threatened.the cia helped topple the governments of iran and guatemala,but it suffered an embarrassing failure in indonesia.in addition,eisenhower usedu.s.power and prestige to help create a non-communist government in south vietnam,which brought disastrous long-term consequences to the united states.chapter 111. how did the u.s constitution lay the groundwork for american ’s economic development ?the u.s.constitution,as an economic charter,established thatthe entire nation was a unified or commonmarket.there wereno tariffs or taxes on interstate commerce.it provided that thefederal government could regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the states,establish uniform bankruptcy laws,create money and regulate its value,fix standards of weights and measures,establish post office and roads,and fix rules governing patents and copyrights.the last-mentioned clause was an early recognition of the importance of intellectual property,a matter that began assuming great importance in trade negotiations since the late 20thcentury.2. cite examples to illustrate the role of government intervention in americas economic development.the government has always played an active and importantrole in america ’s economic development.in the early 1930s,thr united states suffered the worst economic depression in american history.president roosevelt introduced the new dealto tackle the financial crisis.besides,he set up the new yorkstate emergency relief commission to help those in desperate need and tried to relieve the serious problems of the jobless.atthe end of 1970s, the american economy again suffered a recession.the reagan administration combated inflation by controlling government spending deficit,cutting taxes andraising interest rates.both policies mentioned above helped toset the country ’s economic development on its right course,in all,the intervention of the government has ensured that economic opportunities are fair and accessible to the people.ithas prevented flagrant abuses of the system,dampened the effects of inflation and stimulated economic growth.chapter 121. what are the ideals that guide the american educational system?the first ideal is that as many people as possible should receive as much education as possible .the second ideal isthat of ptoducing a society that is totally literate and of local control . the third ideal is that scholars and students shouldwork to discover new information or conceive new ways to understand what is already known .2. how does america carry out multicultural education?american schools routinely teach the experiences and valuesof many ethnic cultures.current textbooks incorporate a varietyof ethnic individuals who have achieved success.struggle for。
《最新英美概况》练习参考答案解析[美国部分](可打印修改)
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1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A B C D 5. C D
III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:
1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T
WORD 格式整理版
《最新英美概况》
练习参考答案
（本答案不包括练习中的开放性习题、思考题和讨论题）
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PART TWO The United States
Chapter Eight The Land
P. 209—210 I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.
II Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:
1. T 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. F
III Answer the following questions.
1. (1) The Atlantic coast, the Pacific coast and Hawaii provide convenient sea routes for foreign trade.
学习指导参考
WORD 格式整理版
3. The stars and strips have different meanings. Each star represents each state in America, while strips represent the original thirteen colonies before the independence of America.
英美概况课后题答案(简答题)
• 2. What role does the media play in Britain leisure culture?
• The media plays an essential role in Britain leisure culture since it helps to shape the public’s opinion, determine people’s moral and political orientation and consolidate or undermine the rule of a government.
whisky and to see Scotsmen wearing kilts and playing bagpipes. • 1 What are the tow components of the British Parliament? • They are the House oh Commons and the House of Lords. • 2. What were some of Queen Victoria’s major achievements? • Queen Victoria made tremendous achievements in almost every
aspect. She promoted further industrial revolution, the building of railways and the growing of trade and commerce. By the end of her reign, Britain had developed to an empire including a quarter of the global population and nearly a quarter of the world’s landmass.
英美概况题库美国部分
The United StatesI. Choose the correct answer.1. In area, the United States is the c largest country in the world.a. 2ndb. 3rdc. 4thd. 5th2. The Midwest in the US refers to the region d .a. west of the Mississippi Valleyb. west of the Appalachian Mountainsc. east of the Rocky Mountainsd. around the Great Lakes and the upper Mississippi Valley.3. The Backbone of North America refers to the b .a. Appalachian Mountainsb. Rocky Mountainsc. the Rocky Mountainsd. Sierra Nevada Mountains4. Death Valley is on the western edge of a .a. the Great Basinb. Californiac. the Rocky Mountainsd. the Sierra Nevada Mountains5. Which region might have a dust storm in summer? ca. The Deep South.b. The Middle West.c. The Great Plainsd. The Central Valley of California.6. Which area has the highest rainfall in the US? ba. The region around the Great Lakes.b. The western part of Washington State.c. The Middle Atlantic states.d. The Central Valley of California.7. The US primary suppliers of foreign oil are the following countries exceptb .a. Canadab. Japanc. Venezuelad. Saudi Arabia8. The US largest open-pit copper-mining center is in b .a. Californiab. Utahc. Montanad. South Dakota9. The over 3 million of early Americans in 1790 were mostly of ancestry. ca. Spanishb. Frenchc. Britishd. Dutch10. How many immigrants were legally received by the US each year during the1980s? ba. About 270,000.b. About 700,000.c. About 675,000.d. About 800,00011. The official racial segregation continued to be the law of the US untild .a. 1860b. 1863c. 1918d. 195412. American Indians now mainly live in the a .a. Southb. Westc. Midwestd. Northeast13. The majority of American Hispanics are from the following countries exceptc .a. Mexicob. Cubac. Spaind. Puerto Rico14. According to the text, which region now leads in percentage increase in population? ca. The Northeast.b. The Great Plains.c. The South.d. The West.15. According to the 1994 US census, the second most populous state in theUS is c .a. Californiab. New Yorkc. Texasd. Washington16. The trend in migration from cities to suburbs now prevailed in all regionb .a. the Northeastb. the Southc. the Midwestd. the West17. According to the text, the ancestors of the present American Indians came from c .a. Europeb. Africac. Asiad. Mongolia18. Which is not correct to explain the reasons for the sudden daring exploration of the unknown in the mid-15th century? aa. The ambition for the cast lands.b. The strong desire for Eastern goods.c. The improvements in navigation and naval architecture.d. The great spirit of adventure started by the Renaissance.19. On his voyage of 1492, Columbus expected to reach c .a. the New worldb. the West Indiesc. Indiad. America20 Among the following navigators who discovered the route to India? ba. Christopher Columbus.b. Vasco da Gama.c. Bartholoneu Diaz.d. Ferdinand Magellan.21. Who was sent by the English King to explore the new way to the East? ba. Jacques Cartier.b. John Cabot.c. Bartholeneu Diaz.d. Ferdinand Magellan.22. Which colony in the following was not founded first by the English? ca. Virginia.b. Massachusetts.c. New Yorkd. Georgia.23. The breadbasket colonies include the following ones exceptd .a. New Yorkb. Pennsylvaniac. Marylandd. Virginia24. The last one fo the 13 colonies was c , which was established in 1733.a. North Carolinab. South Carolinac. Georgiad. Maryland25. There was a great change in British policy towards the 13 colonies after .a. 1760b. 1763c. 1764d. 176726. Which Act first set a large scale of opposition in the colonies? ba. The Sugar Act of 1764.b. The Stamp Act of 1765.c. The Quartering Act of 1765.d. The Tea Act27. The Tea Act of 1773 was passed by the British Parliament in order toc .a. get more money from the coloniesb. provide cheap tea for the American consumersc. help the British East India Companyd. monopolize the American tea business28. The First Continental Congress was attended by the representatives fromall the colonies except d .a. Delawareb. Pennsylvaniac. Massachusettsd, Georgia29. The first shot of the American War of Independence was fired in b .a. Concordb. Lexingtonc. Philadelphiad. Boston30. Thomas Paine’s Common Sense urged the American colonists tod .a. abolish slavery in the coloniesb. continue a shipping trade with Englandc. win independence through peaceful meansd. declare their independence31. The principal author of the Declaration of Independence was b .a. Benjamin Franklinb. Thomas Jeffersonc. George Washingtond. John Adams32. Which victory was considered as the turning point of the War ofIndependence? ca. The victory at Trenton.b. The victory at Boston.c. The victory at Saratoga.d. The victory at Yorktown.33. The Confederation created in 1781 was a a .a. very loose union of statesb. very powerful central governmentc. very firm league of statesd. weak government without the legislative power34. Who was called the Father of the US Constitution? da. George Washington.b. Benjamin Franklin.c. Alexander Hamilton.d. James Madison.35. According to the text, the Constitution was framed on the following ideas except that d .a. there should be three branches of government: one to make laws, anotherto execute them, and a third to settle questions of lawb. the three branches should be able to check and balance the otherc. the national government is a government of the people, and not of states aloned. the new government should impose its authority on the people through states36. Those who supported the Constitution and preferred a strong national government were called c .a. Democratsb. Republicansc. Federalistsd. Antifederalists37. How many states were needed to ratify the Constitution? ba. Eightb. Ninec. Elevend. Thirteen38. Which is incorrect to comment on the Federalist Papers? da. They support the ratification of the Constitutionb. The defend the principles of the Constitutionc. They help dispel the fears of a national authorityd. They spell out the people’s right39. The amendment of the Constitution requires the approval of at least c of the states.a. one-thirdb. two-thirdsc. three-fourthsd. three-fifths40. When the Second War of Independence broke out in 1812, the US president was b .a. Thomas Jeffersonb. James Madisonc. John Adamsd. James Monroe41. The Monroe Doctrine had the following features or ideas exceptd .a. non-colonizationb. America for Americansc. non-interventiond. Latin America for Europeans42. The US continental expansion was almost complete by d .a. 1840b. 1845c. 1846d. 184843. Cotton became the most profitable crop in the South mainly because of the b .a. use of irrigation on plantationb. Whitney’s cotton ginc. slave labourd. improved agricultural techniques44. in 1854, the Republican Party was founded by some b .a. slaveholdersb. abolitionistsc. democratsd. proslavery persons45. In his inaugural address in 1861, Lincoln showed clearly that heb .a. would abolish slavery in the Southb. would not abolish slavery immediately but to preserve the Unionc. would wage a war against slaveryd. had no idea to abolish slavery in the South46. Which of the following statements about the Emancipation Proclamation is not accurate? aa. It immediately freed all slaves living in the United States.b. It freed slaves only in the Confederacy.c. It brought many blacks to serve in the Union Army.d. It gave the North a high moral reason for continuing the war.47. the most important advantage the North had over the South in the Civil War was its d .a. manpowerb. superior military leadershipc. European alliesd. industrial superiority48. An advantage the South had over the North was its d .a. great mineral resourcesb. great number of railroadsc. manpowerd. superior military leadership49. The first US president who faced impeachment proceedings wasb .a. James Buchananb. Andrew Johnsonc. Ulysses S. Grantd. Rutherford B. Hays50. The radical Reconstruction was ended under President d .a. Abraham Lincolnb. Andrew Johnsonc. Ulysses S. Grantd. Rutherford B. Hays51. Gold was discovered in California in c .a. 1828b. 1838c. 1848d. 185852. The first transcontinental railroad in the US was completed in c .a. 1850b. 1859c. 1869d. 189053. Telephone was invented in 1876 by b .a. Thomas B. Edisonb. Alexander D. Bellc. Guglielmo Marconid. George Westinghouse54. According to the text the value of manufactured goods in the US was worthtwice as that of her agricultural products by d .a. 1860b. 1890c. 1894d. 190055. The first imperialist, the US-Spanish War, broke out in c .a. 1886b. 1890c. 1898d. 190056. After US-Spanish War, the US acquired all the following areas exceptd .a. Puerto Ricob. Guamc. the Philippinesd. Cuba57. By the beginning of the 20th century the country that took the first placein economy in Europe was a .a. Germanyb. Francec. Britaind. Russia58. When the First World War began, President Wilson immediately called uponthe American people to b .a. be ready for the warb. observe strict neutralityc. give financial help to the Alliesd. end the trade relations with Germany59. The US joined the First World War in d .a. 1914b. 1915c. 1916d. 191760. Wilson’s Fourteen Points did not include the point of d .a. disarmamentb. creation of an international organization of nationsc. freedom of the seas, in peace and ward. creation of an international peacekeeping force61. Which statement about the US in 1920s is not true? ba. The gross national product rose.b. Only the rich could afford new consumer goods.c. The youth suspected the values of the older generation.d. There was a fast urbanization in the whole country.62. In responding to the Depression, President Hoover thought that the basic role of the Government was to b .a. provide government aid for the poorb. create conditions favorable to the development of private enterprisesc. intervene in the affairs of economyd. take the responsibility for the welfare of the people63. The agricultural Adjustment Act was an attempt to deal with the farmers’problem of d .a. soil erosionb. declining labor supplyc. inflationd. overproduction64. Which one is not right to comment on the New Deal? da. It relieved unemployment through a vast scheme of public works.b. It offered relief to farmers through providing money at low rates of interest.c. It brought in old age and unemployment insurance through providing a system of pension.d. It reduced the commodity prices by limiting production and devaluing the dollar.65. Between 1935 and 1939, American foreign policy included all of the following except d .a. the prohibition of the sale of arms or equipment to nations at warb. the prohibition of loans to belligerent nationsc. cash-and-carry policyd. active intervention to prevent aggression66. The US formerly entered the Second World War in d .a. 1937b. 1939c. 1940d. 194167. Normandy Landing took place on a .a. June 6, 1944b. July 6, 1944c. April 30, 1945d. April 12, 194568. At which conference did Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin agree to calla conference of all the United Nations in San Francisco in April 1945? da. The Conference in Teheran, on Nov. 28, 1943.b. The Conference in Cairo, on Nov. 23, 1943.c. The Conference at Dumbarton Oaks, in the fall of 1944.d. Yalta Conference, in Feb. 1945.69. The post-World War II program of economic assistance to Western Europe was known as c .a. containment policyb. Truman Planc. Marshall Pland. Communist prevention70. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., advocated the philosophy of b .a. economic equalityb. nonviolencec. military protestd. black power71. Thousands of American soldiers were sent to Vietnam under Presidentc .a. Dwight D. Eisenhowerb. John F. Kennedyc. Lyndon B. Johnsond. Richard M. Nixon72. The formal diplomatic relation at the ambassadorial rank between China and the US was established under President b .a. Nixonb. Carterc. Reagand. Bush73. The power of the state in the US is actually from d .a. the central governmentb. the state constitutionc. the US Constitutiond. both b and c74. The supreme law of the United States includes d .a. the US Constitutionb. treaties under the authority of the United Statesc. laws to ensure the constitutional power being practicedd. all the above three75. The terms of the senator and representative are d and years respectively.a. two…fourb. two…threec. two…sixd. six…two76. Which Amendment provided for the direct election of senators? ba. The 16th Amendment (1913)b. The 17th Amendment (1913)c. The 18th Amendment (1919)d. The 19th Amendment (1920)77. Certain presidential appointments must be approved by a majority vote in d .a. Congressb. the Housec. the Supreme Courtd. the Senate78. All revenue or tax bills must be originated in b .a. the Cabinetb. the Housec. the Senated. the Executive Office79. Who is second in line in presidential succession? aa. The Speaker of the House.b. The Vice President.c. The president pro tempore.d. The leader of the majority party in the Senate.80. In the House, the power to decide when the full House will hear the bill is vested in a .a. the Rules Committeeb. the standing committeec. Subcommitteed. the select committee81. Which one in the following limits the President to two successive terms only? ca. The 20th Amendment (1933)b. The 21st Amendment (1933)c. The 22nd Amendment (1951)d. The 23rd Amendment (1961)82. The American President has all the following powers except c .a. deploying armed forcesb. making treatiesc. declaring war on another countryd. granting pardons83. The president’s major appointments should be approved by c .a. Congressb. the Housec. the Senated. the Supreme Court84. Which is not correct to explain the executive agreement? ca. An agreement between the president and another country.b. It has the force of a treaty.c. It requires the approval of Congress.d. It does not require the Senate’s advice and consent.85. the President’s veto can be overridden by two-thirds votes in c .a. the Houseb. the Senatec. both housesd. the Supreme Court86. The federal courts that regularly employ grand and petit juries arec .a. the Supreme Courtb. the courts of appealc, the district courtsd. specialized courts87. The highest authority of the Supreme Court is d .a. to review decisions of the courts of appealb. to review decisions of the federal district courtsc. to try the impeachment cased. to interpret the US Constitution88. The cases involving copyright, trademark, counterfeiting, and bank robbery are usually first tried in c .a. the courts of appealb. the appellate courtc. the federal district courtsd. the state supreme court89. The emblem of the Democratic Party is b .a. elephantb. donkeyc. beard. bull90. The first Democratic President was c .a. George Washingtonb. Abraham Lincolnc. Thomas Jeffersond. Andrew Jackson91. The first Republican President was b .a. George Washingtonb. Abraham Lincolnc. Thomas Jeffersond. Andrew Jackson92. The only Democratic President who served two separate terms between the end of Civil War and 1912 was a .a. Grover Clevelandb. William McKinleyc. Theodore Rooseveltd. Woodrow Wilson93. The presidential candidate of the major party is nominated b .a. at the state conventionb. at the national conventionc. by the leaders from state party organizationsd. by the party’s national committee94. In the presidential election year the American voters vote on thea .a. Tuesday after the first Mondayb. first Tuesdayc. Tuesday after the second Mondayd. Monday after the first Tuesday95. The number of the presidential electors in each state is equal to the number of c .a. its senatorsb. its representativesc. its senators and Representativesd. its counties96. The American President is actually elected by c .a. the Houseb. the Senatec. presidential electorsd. American citizens97. Who is chiefly responsible for education in the US?a. The federal government.b. The state government.c. the county government.d. The local government.98. In the US school system, there are twelve levels called c .a. classesb. divisionsc. gradesd. degrees99. The elementary and secondary education in the US lasts c .a. 8 yearsb. 10 yearsc. 12 yearsd. 14 years100. The average teacher salary in private secondary schools is b that in public schools.a. higher thanb. lower thanc. almost same asd. half of101. A great majority of doctor-level universities in the US are c .a. privateb. supported by religious groupsc. publicd. supported by private funds102. After completing four-year study in a college, the student usually canearn c .a. a university degreeb. graduate degreec. a bachelor’s degreed. a master’s degree103. In order to remain in college the student must maintain at least a average. ba. Bb. Cc. Dd. F104. The first daily newspaper in America was published in c .a. 1690b. 1775c. 1783d. 1800105. Which newspaper first uncovered the Watergate scandal in 1972? ba. New York Times.b. Washington Post.c. New York Daily News.d. Los Angeles Times.106. The world most-read magazine is c .a. TV Guideb. Timec. Reader’s Digestd. People Weekly107. The TV networks in the US are owned b .a. by the federal governmentb. by private companiesc. by state governmentd. by local governments108. Democratic and Republican National Conventions were televised for thefirst time in c .a. 1945b. 1950c. 1952d. 1960109. Which one in the following is not proper to describe the American family values? da. Individual freedom.b. Belief in equality.c. Personal independence.d. Formal and strict relations between parents and children.110. If a junior staff member challenges and argues points with an older executive, the junior is considered being d .a. impoliteb. rudec. immorald. harmless111. To make distinctions between persons, the Americans may use b .a. the family titleb. the occupational titlec. Mr. or Ms.d. Sir or Ma’am112. To Americans, if weaknesses were pointed out by others, it would be c .a. disgracefulb. all rightc. resentfuld. indifferent113. By American standards, which one in the following is not a taboo? da. Financial affairs.b. Person’s age.c. Religion.d. Person’s work.114. According to the text, which word in the following is not proper to describe an American? ca. Optimistic.b. Acquisitive.c. Formal.d. Frank.II. Fill in the blanks:1.“The backbone of the continent” refers to . (theRocky Mountains)2.During Ratification, those who supported the Constitution and preferreda strong national government were called , their opponentswere called . (Federalists, Antifederalists)3.The war of 1812 was also known as for America goteconomically independent after it. (Second War of Independence)4.Washington D. C. is situated on River which is the traditionaldividing line between the South and the North. (the Potomac)5.The United States is the most populous country. (third)6.In his Abraham Lincoln expressed his ideas of a democraticgovernment “of the people, by the people and for the people.”(Gettysburg Address)7.In the year , President Nixon visited China, and later during‘s presidency, formal diplomatic relations between China and the UnitedStates were established. (1972, Jimmy Carter)8.The division of powers by a constitution between the central governmentand state government is called . (Federalism)9.By law any American citizen of and over years of ageand of being a resident within the United States for years canrun for the President. The duly elected and duly qualified president-electtakes office on the of January following his election.(natural-born, 35, 14, 20th)10.When a Bill is vetoed by the President, it can still become a law if theCongress . the veto by a vote of both houses. (override,two-thirds)11.The United States is bordered on the north by , on the south byand , on the east by , and on the west by .(Canada, Mexico, The Gulf of Mexico, The Atlantic, the Pacific)12.Because the New England colonies were difficult of farming, they becamea center for . and . The middle colonies were known asthe , which produced wheat and potatoes as the major staple. Thesouthern colonies developed a . system. The main crop in the Southwas , much later, . (fishing, shipbuilding, breadbasket,plantation, tobacco, cotton)13.The First World War was waged between tow groups of imperialistpowers: . and . ( the Allies/the Entente, the CentralEuropean Powers)14.The major triumph for Wilson at the Paris Peace Conference was theformation of the . (League of Nations)15.The Nineteenth Amendment to the US Constitution was adopted in ,which granted women the right to . (1920, vote)16.The Great Depression started with the sudden collapse of the inNew York in October, . This economic distress extended to Europe,Asia, Australia and South America. (stock market, 1929)17.The candidate with the most voters in a state wins all of that state’svotes. This is known as the “”principle. The candidates whowins the of the 538 Electoral College votes will be US Presidentin the next four years. (electoral, winner-take-all, 270)18.American universities offer three main categories of graduate degrees:1) , 2) , 3) . (bachelor’s, master’s, Ph. D)19.Each of the fifty states in the US provides a free schooling ofyears to its residents. (12)20.Among the five Great Lakes, only Lake belongs entirely to theUS. (Michigan)21.The emblem of the Democratic Party is , and that of theRepublican Party is . is considered the firstDemocratic President, and first Republican President is .(donkey, elephant, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln)III. True or False Statements:1.People usually regard Christopher Columbus as the discoverer of the NewWorld, though before him, Norsemen from Scandinavia had already found thiscontinent.2.During the Ratification of the Constitution, Thomas Jefferson and otherfederalists worked hard to support a strong central government.3.The Missouri Compromise brought a solution to the immediate problem ofthe extension of slavery.4.Germany’s unrestricted submarine campaign against merchant ships was oneof the reasons that pushed America into World War I.5.Standing committees are permanent ones to determine whether proposedlegislation should be presented to the entire House or Senate forconsideration.6.Louisiana Purchase was the largest real estate deal in US history, whichgot for America the present Louisiana State.7.Franklin Roosevelt was one of the greatest American Presidents whose NewDeal effectively put an end to the Great Depression.8.The Vice President is officially the presiding officer of the House ofRepresentatives, and in his absence, the president pro tempore takes hisplace to deal with day-to-day business.9.Immediately after Abraham Lincoln took office, the southern states beganto secede from the Federal Union and organized the Confederate States ofAmerica.10.The people of the US are predominantly white, among whom the most powerfuland influential group is the White Anglo-Saxon Protestants who are thedescendents of the early English settlers.11.Voting requirements are different in one state from another, and votingqualifications are not determined by federal government.12.When the state governments act out the powers given to it in theconstitution, the Federal Government has no right to interfere.13.In the , every state constitution divided political power among threeelements.14.The power of the state in the US is actually from the state constitutionand the US Constitution.15.The supreme law of the United States includes the US Constitution,treaties under the authority of the United States and laws to ensure the constitutional power being practiced.16.It was the New York Times that first uncovered the Watergate scandal in1972.17.Generally speaking, older people with more education and high income tendto vote while the youth, especially aged 18 to 21, has the lowest voting percentage in the United States.18.As the opposite of Federalists, the Anti-Federalists insisted on theexpansion of slavery in the country.IV. Explain the following terms:FederalismMelting potMosaicSeparation of powersJudicial reviewWinner-take-allFilibusterPocket vetoCold warNew DealMissouri CompromiseV. Questions for discussion1.How many states are there in the United States? And which two states aregeographically separated from the others?2.What are the general characters of the Rocky Mountains and the AppalachianMountains?3.Do you think that geography has played an important role in the economicdevelopment of the United States? Explain.4.Why is the United States known as a “melting pot”?5.What factors cause the Americans to move frequently within the UnitedStates?6.Why do many Americans now migrate from cities to suburbs?7.Discuss the pre-Columbian cultures in the Americas.8.Why did the discoveries of the New World before Columbus not exert greatinfluence in the world at that time?9.Why did so many English people move to the New World in the 17th century?10.What was the social structure of the 13 colonies?11.Why did not the American Indians become slaves during the colonial days?12.How do you understand checks and balances in American political system?13.What do you know about the American Civil War, its causes, process, results,etc?14.How do you comment on the constitutional division of powers in Americanpolitical system?15.Which president in American history do you think is the greatest? Why?。
英美概况参考答案
英美概况参考答案英美概况参考答案英美两国是世界上最具影响力的国家之一，拥有悠久的历史和独特的文化。
本文将从地理、历史、文化和经济等多个方面介绍英美的概况。
地理概况英美两国都位于西半球，英国位于欧洲西北部，美国位于北美洲中部。
英国是一个岛国，由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰四个地区组成。
美国则占据北美洲的大部分地区，东临大西洋，西濒太平洋。
两国都拥有丰富的自然资源和多样的地形地貌，如英国的湖区和苏格兰高地，以及美国的大峡谷和黄石国家公园等。
历史概况英国拥有悠久的历史，曾经是大英帝国的核心。
在过去的几个世纪里，英国在殖民地扩张和工业革命中发挥了重要作用。
美国则是一个相对年轻的国家，于18世纪末脱离英国独立，成为世界上第一个现代民主国家。
美国历经南北战争、两次世界大战等重大事件，逐渐崛起为全球超级大国。
文化概况英美两国都有丰富多样的文化遗产。
英国是文学巨匠莎士比亚和狄更斯的故乡，也是摇滚乐的发源地。
英国的皇室文化和茶文化也深受世界瞩目。
美国则以好莱坞电影和流行音乐产业闻名于世。
美国的文化多元化和自由主义价值观也对全球产生了深远影响。
两国的体育文化也非常发达，如英国的足球和美国的篮球、棒球等。
经济概况英美两国都是世界上最大的经济体之一。
英国是欧洲的金融中心，伦敦证券交易所是全球最大的股票交易所之一。
英国的金融、制造业和创新科技领域具有竞争力。
美国则是全球最大的经济体，拥有强大的科技创新能力和消费市场。
美国的硅谷地区孕育了众多科技巨头，如苹果、谷歌和亚马逊等。
两国的经济合作紧密，互为重要的贸易伙伴。
总结英美两国在地理、历史、文化和经济等方面都有独特的特点。
英国的悠久历史和文化遗产，以及美国的年轻而充满活力的社会，各自展现了不同的魅力。
两国在全球事务中扮演着重要角色，对世界的发展和进步有着深远影响。
无论是从历史的角度还是现代的视角来看，英美两国都是值得关注和学习的对象。
英美概况课后题答案(简答题)PPT课件
• 2 What is stream of consciousness? • Stream of consciousness is the writing technique which
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• 1. What are the three functions of the House of Commons? • The three functions are: to draft laws. to scrutinize, criticize and
restrain the activities of the government, and to influence future government policy. • 2. Why are independence candidates unlikely to win in the general election? • Because even if they were elected, they would be powerless in Parliament. Therefore, it is not possible for many people to vote foe independent candidates. • 1.What was the negative aspect of Thatcher’s reform in the early 1980s? • Its negative aspect was a rapid increase in unemployment. in1982,the unemployment rate reached the level of Great Depression years, with three million people out of work.
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英美概况(美国部分)简答题答案
UNIT3
5.What were some of the causes of the American Revolution? Explain the Declaration of Independence?
By the early 1760s, the 13 English colonies(殖民地) in North America had developed a similar American pattern in politics, economy and cultural life and enjoyed the same frontier(开拓的) environment. The English people and Europeans had become Americans and they were ready to separate themselves from the Old World. In addition,”No taxation without represantion”, many new taxes imposed(强迫) on North American colonies by the British Parliament(国会). In 1773,a group of patriots(爱国者) responded to the tea tax by staging the “Boston Tea Party”.In September1774, the First Continental Congress(第一次大陆会议) was held in Philadelphia(费城). On April 19, 1775, the first shot was fired when 700 British soldiers went to capture(占领,俘获) a colonial arms depot(仓库) in a small town of Concord near Boston.
The Declaration of Independence was mainly drafted by Thomas Jefferson and adopted by the Congress on July 41,776, when the people of 13 English colonies in North America were fighting for their freedom and independence from the British colonial rule. The document declared that all men were equal and that they were entitled to have some unalienable rights such as life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. It also explained the philosophy of government: the powers of governments came from the consent of the governed and the purpose of governments were to secure the rights mentioned above. The theory of politics and the guiding principles of the American Revolution mainly came from John Locke.
UNIT 4
1 Why did the Articles of Confederation fail? Was it necessary to change the Articles of Confederation and write a new constitution for the new nation of the United States at the time?
The Articles of Confederation(联邦条款) failed because the states did not cooperate with the Congress or with each other. When the Congress needed money to pay the national army or to pay debts owed to France and other nations, some states refused to contribute. The Congress had been given no authority to force any state to do anything. It could not tax any citizen. Only the state in which a citizen lived could do that.
2. What is a federal system? What are some of the major differences between a federal system and a confederation?
The Constitution set up a federal system with a strong central government. A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts, with some rights reserved to each. The Constitution also called for the election of a national leader, or president. It provided that federal laws would be made only by a Congress made up of representatives elected by the people. It also provided for a national court system headed by a Supreme Court.。