英语Argumentation写作ppt课件
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英语写作PPTArgument Essays
The Body
The body of an essay is where one must use arguments, examples, and facts to prove the opinion they stated in the introduction. One can write several different kinds of paragraph to achieve this goal. They include: Argument paragraphs, paragraphs, opposition paragraphs, comparison paragraphs, and contrast paragraphs, cause & effect paragraphs, paragraphs, paragraphs, chronological paragraphs, and process paragraphs, paragraphs.
•
2. Body
Paragraph 1 (1st argument)
• • • •
1st Sentence: Topic sentence 2nd & 3rd Sentences: 1st supporting idea 4th & 5th Sentences: 2nd supporting idea 6th Sentence: Final Thought
Body paragraph 2 – Your second argument
•
•
3. Conclusion
Hale Waihona Puke Opposition Style
The absolute end-all of instructions for endArgument essays:
The body of an essay is where one must use arguments, examples, and facts to prove the opinion they stated in the introduction. One can write several different kinds of paragraph to achieve this goal. They include: Argument paragraphs, paragraphs, opposition paragraphs, comparison paragraphs, and contrast paragraphs, cause & effect paragraphs, paragraphs, paragraphs, chronological paragraphs, and process paragraphs, paragraphs.
•
2. Body
Paragraph 1 (1st argument)
• • • •
1st Sentence: Topic sentence 2nd & 3rd Sentences: 1st supporting idea 4th & 5th Sentences: 2nd supporting idea 6th Sentence: Final Thought
Body paragraph 2 – Your second argument
•
•
3. Conclusion
Hale Waihona Puke Opposition Style
The absolute end-all of instructions for endArgument essays:
英语写作2(argumentation) PPT
❖ Beating children brutalizes parents, damages the parent-child relationship, and is completely unnecessary. (be strong!)
❖ Words to use in the thesis sentence
Purposes of argumentation --to convince --to defend --to attack
& Essential elements of argumentation
❖ Ø The issue—a controversy, a problem, or an idea about which people disagree and hold different points of view
Alternative: A senior high is considering which university to apply to. He/she comes to you for suggestions. Try to give as many reasons as possible to persuade him/her that BISU is an ideal place for learning. (选择二外的几大理由）
❖ Intro 2
❖ Many people argue that cash incentives are an unfair means of motivating employees. Others love the simple, practical, down-toearth gift of money for a job well done. I feel that while there are some circumstances where money is the best recognition for extra work, there are other times it is inappropriate.
❖ Words to use in the thesis sentence
Purposes of argumentation --to convince --to defend --to attack
& Essential elements of argumentation
❖ Ø The issue—a controversy, a problem, or an idea about which people disagree and hold different points of view
Alternative: A senior high is considering which university to apply to. He/she comes to you for suggestions. Try to give as many reasons as possible to persuade him/her that BISU is an ideal place for learning. (选择二外的几大理由）
❖ Intro 2
❖ Many people argue that cash incentives are an unfair means of motivating employees. Others love the simple, practical, down-toearth gift of money for a job well done. I feel that while there are some circumstances where money is the best recognition for extra work, there are other times it is inappropriate.
英语写作2(argumentation) PPT
without a major, life-altering catastrophe.
Are cash incentives a good way to
Alternative: A senior high is considering which university to apply to. He/she comes to you for suggestions. Try to give as many reasons as possible to persuade him/her that BISU is an ideal place for learning. (选择二外的几大理由）
大家学习辛苦了，还是要坚持
继续保持安静
Introduction
❖ 2012 Doomsday?
❖ Since the turn of the new century, a theory has emerged concerning the end of the world, or at least the end of life as we know it. This new theory centers around the year 2012, a date that many claim has mysterious origins in ancient manuscripts from many different cultures. The most noted characteristic of this date is that it appears to mark the end of the Mayan calendar. But there is no evidence to suggest that the Maya saw any great relevance to this date. In fact, none of the claims surrounding a 2012 doomsday event hold up to scientific inquiry. The year 2012 will pass
Are cash incentives a good way to
Alternative: A senior high is considering which university to apply to. He/she comes to you for suggestions. Try to give as many reasons as possible to persuade him/her that BISU is an ideal place for learning. (选择二外的几大理由）
大家学习辛苦了，还是要坚持
继续保持安静
Introduction
❖ 2012 Doomsday?
❖ Since the turn of the new century, a theory has emerged concerning the end of the world, or at least the end of life as we know it. This new theory centers around the year 2012, a date that many claim has mysterious origins in ancient manuscripts from many different cultures. The most noted characteristic of this date is that it appears to mark the end of the Mayan calendar. But there is no evidence to suggest that the Maya saw any great relevance to this date. In fact, none of the claims surrounding a 2012 doomsday event hold up to scientific inquiry. The year 2012 will pass
英语Argumentation写作 PPT
Many people think that an examination is the only means to test knowledge，but，in fact，that is not true. A few questions given in an examination could by no means cover the whole field of the subject. Thus those who are able to answer them may be the poorest of the students and yet happen to know just a few points about that subject.
Moreover，since the students try so hard to put their lessons into memory in as short time as possible，psychologically they soon forget the whole subject as soon as the examination is over. Surely this is one of the greatest wastes ever made in the history of civilization.
To do this，students must get themselves to do all kinds of training，physical as
well as mental. The present examination system has discouraged students from making such an attempt.
高级英语写作2-ArgumentationPPT课件
What is argumentation ?
•
Argumentation is analyzed,
review of a problem or something,
that a style of their own point of
view, position, attitude, views
and propositions.
3. Argument structures
4. Strategy 5. Common logical fallacies and
weakness in argument 6. An example
Argument structures
1. Simple argument
A simple argument only contains a claim,a support and a inference,as shown in the following:
Examples of argumentation writing are:
Critical review Editorials Job evaluation Job application letter Letter of recommendation Letters to the editors
e.g. lFirst children are smarter---But why? l Marriage makes our children richer — Here's why l Eating popcorn in the cinema makes people immune to advertising lMen and women can't be 'just friends'
牛津上海英语高考 Writing an argumentation课件(共29张PPT)
regularly.
• 5．Do a lot of reading
Assignment
Finish the composition and polish it in your worksheet.
你的看法：….
有的同学认为
1.学校是学习知识的地方； 2.学生应该安心在学校里学习 ； 3.学生缺乏自觉性，离开了老 师，可能会…
六步法
1
审 6
2
抄
抓
书面
改 扩 5
表达
3
4
连
① Analyzing the task
Person(人称) Word number(字数)
third person and first person
合适的过渡性词汇
• 时间顺序 first, second, third,-• 并列关系 a-nd, as well as, also • 转折关系: but, however, yet---
• 因果关系: because, since, as, thanks to, as a result, thus, therefore , owing to, due to
• /They may _g_e_t_ad_d__ic_t_e_d _to__（沉迷 于） playing computer games
instead of studying hard.
• ⑶ In school we should study hard.
• In school we should_c_o_n_c_e_n_t_r_a_te__o_n__ /__b_e__a_b_s_o_rb__e_d_i_n_（集中精力）our studies/ _d_e_v_o__te__ our body and soul _t_o___ studies.
• 5．Do a lot of reading
Assignment
Finish the composition and polish it in your worksheet.
你的看法：….
有的同学认为
1.学校是学习知识的地方； 2.学生应该安心在学校里学习 ； 3.学生缺乏自觉性，离开了老 师，可能会…
六步法
1
审 6
2
抄
抓
书面
改 扩 5
表达
3
4
连
① Analyzing the task
Person(人称) Word number(字数)
third person and first person
合适的过渡性词汇
• 时间顺序 first, second, third,-• 并列关系 a-nd, as well as, also • 转折关系: but, however, yet---
• 因果关系: because, since, as, thanks to, as a result, thus, therefore , owing to, due to
• /They may _g_e_t_ad_d__ic_t_e_d _to__（沉迷 于） playing computer games
instead of studying hard.
• ⑶ In school we should study hard.
• In school we should_c_o_n_c_e_n_t_r_a_te__o_n__ /__b_e__a_b_s_o_rb__e_d_i_n_（集中精力）our studies/ _d_e_v_o__te__ our body and soul _t_o___ studies.
Argumentativeessay英文议论文写作 ppt课件
The Argumentative Essay
Ⅰ. Main communicative purposes of the argumentative essay: To convince or persuade
➢ to agree with an opinion; ➢ to defend an opinion; ➢ to attack an opinion you believe
3. Use two forms of logical reasoning: induction and deduction.
Induction（归纳）: the process of reasoning from the particular details to the general conclusion. It involves examining particular details such as specific cases, facts, or examples. The conclusion is made based on the evidence coming from the specific details.
➢ The major premise and the minor premise must be set up to follow the correct logical order; The correct logical order is as follows: A = B All automobiles have wheels. C = A Honda is an automobile. ∴ C = B Therefore, Honda has wheels.
Ⅲ. Strategies for logical persuasion ➢ Be fully aware of your audience or
Ⅰ. Main communicative purposes of the argumentative essay: To convince or persuade
➢ to agree with an opinion; ➢ to defend an opinion; ➢ to attack an opinion you believe
3. Use two forms of logical reasoning: induction and deduction.
Induction（归纳）: the process of reasoning from the particular details to the general conclusion. It involves examining particular details such as specific cases, facts, or examples. The conclusion is made based on the evidence coming from the specific details.
➢ The major premise and the minor premise must be set up to follow the correct logical order; The correct logical order is as follows: A = B All automobiles have wheels. C = A Honda is an automobile. ∴ C = B Therefore, Honda has wheels.
Ⅲ. Strategies for logical persuasion ➢ Be fully aware of your audience or
高考英语书面表达 Argumentative Writing PPT完美课件(共20张)
Words translation
1.时尚的，流行的adj. 2.生动的；栩栩如生的adj. 3.幽默n. 4.智慧，聪明n. 5.不解的，困惑的adj. 6.误解的adj. 7. ….的深度 8.导致，产生 9.只要
fashionable vivid humor
intelligence confused
misunderstanding
the depth of result in as long as
Linking words
Paragraph one(Introduction paragraph）
Use different sentence pattern to translate:
1.一On方the面on，e hsaonmd e students think it should be prohibitedO;n另the一ot方her面ha，nd, the others think it shouldn’t be prohibited.
表达观点一: ➢ …of them hold the opinion that …. ➢ …of them are in favor of the idea that… ➢ People who are for the idea think …
supporting idea 2
Conclusion paragraph: …
现在一些诸如GG,MM,XIAMI等网络语言在青少年中极为盛行，并出现在家庭
作业, 报告，甚至全国入学考试的作文中。请你以Should Internet Slang Be
Prohibited(禁止)？为题，根据下表内容用英语写一篇短文。
Argumentative Writing
英语议论文argumentationppt课件
Valid evidence is that which is clearly and directly connected with the point to be proved.
-
Good logic
All the facts and reasons that are given as evidence should be logically connected with the conclusion and with each other.
Speeches on policies, editorials of newspapers, articles on political or theoretical questions, and various proposals are often argumentative.
-
-
-
-
Any fallacy in logic or wrong step in reasoning would leave the reader in doubt about the whole argument.
There are generally several ways of reasoning: Inductive reasoning Deductive reasoning Refutation Concession (yielding or compromising by
and especially the various methods of exposition. An honest and friendly attitude
-
A debatable point
It is imperative that the paper should have a debatable point, that is, something can be viewed from more than one angle and is therefore open to dispute.
-
Good logic
All the facts and reasons that are given as evidence should be logically connected with the conclusion and with each other.
Speeches on policies, editorials of newspapers, articles on political or theoretical questions, and various proposals are often argumentative.
-
-
-
-
Any fallacy in logic or wrong step in reasoning would leave the reader in doubt about the whole argument.
There are generally several ways of reasoning: Inductive reasoning Deductive reasoning Refutation Concession (yielding or compromising by
and especially the various methods of exposition. An honest and friendly attitude
-
A debatable point
It is imperative that the paper should have a debatable point, that is, something can be viewed from more than one angle and is therefore open to dispute.
英语Argumentation写作省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖PPT课件
How to Write an Argumentation
1/17
How to define argumentation
the process of reasoning methodically The methodical process of logical reasoning
2/17
Features
15/17
What is the structure? It is developed propulsively. How about the reasoning?
Induction ? deduction?
16/17
A few more words to you：
Thank you all for your cooperation. I have a wonderful time this term with you together. Wish you all get good marks and be always happy in your future life.
Thank U, Dear all!
17/17
先总后分 presest your argumentation before elaborating on it 先分后总 Analyze first before coming to your argumentation 推进式 (propulsively) reason your argumentation in climactic order
In my opinion it should be.
10/17
Many people think that an examination is the only means to test knowledge，but，in fact，that is not true. A few questions given in an examination could by no means cover the whole field of the subject. Thus those who are able to answer them may be the poorest of the students and yet happen to know just a few points about that subject.
1/17
How to define argumentation
the process of reasoning methodically The methodical process of logical reasoning
2/17
Features
15/17
What is the structure? It is developed propulsively. How about the reasoning?
Induction ? deduction?
16/17
A few more words to you：
Thank you all for your cooperation. I have a wonderful time this term with you together. Wish you all get good marks and be always happy in your future life.
Thank U, Dear all!
17/17
先总后分 presest your argumentation before elaborating on it 先分后总 Analyze first before coming to your argumentation 推进式 (propulsively) reason your argumentation in climactic order
In my opinion it should be.
10/17
Many people think that an examination is the only means to test knowledge，but，in fact，that is not true. A few questions given in an examination could by no means cover the whole field of the subject. Thus those who are able to answer them may be the poorest of the students and yet happen to know just a few points about that subject.
高级英语写作-ArgumentationPPT课件
e.g. Error lXXX is one of the most important things in people’s life. It has many advantages.However,just as every coin has two sides,XXX also has some disadvantages.
Claim
Support
inference
SUPER NANNIES
To keep up with the times,Norland College in England,trainning nannies,has added two new classes to its curriculum:martial arts and stunt driving(特技驾驶).Why?
So,Noland thinks its naannies need to know how to handle these high-risk situations.
2. Chain argument
A chain argument contains more than one layers of argument.The support of the first layer becomes the claim of the second layer,which needs further support,as shown in the following:
What is argumentation ?
•
Argumentation is analyzed,
review of a problem or something,
that a style of their own point of
Claim
Support
inference
SUPER NANNIES
To keep up with the times,Norland College in England,trainning nannies,has added two new classes to its curriculum:martial arts and stunt driving(特技驾驶).Why?
So,Noland thinks its naannies need to know how to handle these high-risk situations.
2. Chain argument
A chain argument contains more than one layers of argument.The support of the first layer becomes the claim of the second layer,which needs further support,as shown in the following:
What is argumentation ?
•
Argumentation is analyzed,
review of a problem or something,
that a style of their own point of
英语议论文写作指导(共26张PPT)
Use proper grammar and Ensurpe uthnatcytouurasetnitoennces
are grammatically correct and use appropriate punctuation marks to clarify your meaning.
How to maintain clear and concise language
Use persuasive phrases
Use phrases that are designed to persuade your reader. For example, you can use phrases like "it is evident that," "it is clear that," or "there is no doubt that" to strengthen your argument.
定义
Argumentative essay，又称议论性文章，是一种阐述观点、论证论题的写作形式。 其主要目的是通过逻辑推理和事实证据来支持或反驳某一观点，从而说服读者。
重要性
Argumentative essays在学术和日常生活中都非常重要。在学术领域，它们是 评估学生批判性思维和表达能力的重要方式。在日常生活中，良好的议论文写作 能力有助于我们清晰地表达观点，说服他人，以及解决问题。
supporting your overall argument.
03
The arguments of argumentative essays
How to use facts and data as evidence
Argumentation 写作模板(2020年整理).pptx
学海无 涯
manual work, for this will make them unable to taste the pleasure of physical labor. As for me, I stand on the latter side. My arguments for this point are listed as follows.
2. 利弊型
学海无 涯
写法 1：分别阐述利与弊 背 景 介 绍 。 Nowadays many
people prefer
（ 主 题）
because it plays a significant role in
our daily life. Generally, its
advantages can be seen as follows.
The first reason is that there is growing concern about the lack of independence among young people, who are the only child of their family. (人们越来越担忧独生子女 缺乏自立精神) They are mostly spoilt by their family, seldom even never
Topic Two
学海无 涯
At present, there is a widespread concern over the issue as to/about whether college students should hire cleaners, for it is much to do with /closely related to the fostering /cultivation of a spirit of independence/self-reliance among the youth. The attitudes toward this issue vary from person to person. Some people tend to approve of the choice, while others contend ( 坚 决主张/advocate)that it’s risky to deprive students of the right to do
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11
I'd like to say that，because of the existence of the examination system， students pay so much attention to gaining high marks，that they often forget the chief purpose of education. The so-called clever students devote themselves to the study of textbooks only. They，of course，know nothing but the skeleton of knowledge. The end and aim of education，however，is to enable students to learn how to live.
passing it before he could be admitted，
promoted or graduated. As it plays so
important a role in the realm of education it is
under much criticisms to its validity. People
How to Write an Argumentation
1
How to define argumentation
the process of reasoning methodically The methodical process of logical reasoning
2
Features
It answers the question of Why… It is persuasive It needs logical reasoning
9
Should Exami examination system has come to be
the main theme of modern education. One
should take an examination and succeed in
Thesis Argumentation
Evidence Reasoning
Convince your readers
3
Several points
The thesis should be meaningful. A clear and explicit argumentation Enough evidence Forceful reasoning
5
Clear argumentation
A clear argumentation is a premise to forceful reasoning.
Eg: Social practice cannot improve a college student’s ability
6
Enough evidence
who are in favour of it try to develop this
system more； those who are against it
believe that such a system should be
abolished. Should examination be abolished？
In my opinion it should be.
10
Many people think that an examination is the only means to test knowledge，but，in fact，that is not true. A few questions given in an examination could by no means cover the whole field of the subject. Thus those who are able to answer them may be the poorest of the students and yet happen to know just a few points about that subject.
12
To do this，students must get themselves to do all kinds of training，physical as
A. enough in quantity B. typical / representative in quality
enhance the persuasiveness
7
Forceful reasoning
Induction & deduction
1. Cite examples
2. Examplify from
4
Meaningful thesis
Has travel become part of our life ？ Can travel broaden one’s mind？ Is smoking expensive？ Is smoking harmful to people’s health？
Are these meaninful theses?
an idiom, saying or
common sense…
3. Rebuttal approach
4. Comparison or contrast
5. Analogy
6. Causal relation
8
Structure
先总后分 presest your argumentation before elaborating on it 先分后总 Analyze first before coming to your argumentation 推进式 (propulsively) reason your argumentation in climactic order
I'd like to say that，because of the existence of the examination system， students pay so much attention to gaining high marks，that they often forget the chief purpose of education. The so-called clever students devote themselves to the study of textbooks only. They，of course，know nothing but the skeleton of knowledge. The end and aim of education，however，is to enable students to learn how to live.
passing it before he could be admitted，
promoted or graduated. As it plays so
important a role in the realm of education it is
under much criticisms to its validity. People
How to Write an Argumentation
1
How to define argumentation
the process of reasoning methodically The methodical process of logical reasoning
2
Features
It answers the question of Why… It is persuasive It needs logical reasoning
9
Should Exami examination system has come to be
the main theme of modern education. One
should take an examination and succeed in
Thesis Argumentation
Evidence Reasoning
Convince your readers
3
Several points
The thesis should be meaningful. A clear and explicit argumentation Enough evidence Forceful reasoning
5
Clear argumentation
A clear argumentation is a premise to forceful reasoning.
Eg: Social practice cannot improve a college student’s ability
6
Enough evidence
who are in favour of it try to develop this
system more； those who are against it
believe that such a system should be
abolished. Should examination be abolished？
In my opinion it should be.
10
Many people think that an examination is the only means to test knowledge，but，in fact，that is not true. A few questions given in an examination could by no means cover the whole field of the subject. Thus those who are able to answer them may be the poorest of the students and yet happen to know just a few points about that subject.
12
To do this，students must get themselves to do all kinds of training，physical as
A. enough in quantity B. typical / representative in quality
enhance the persuasiveness
7
Forceful reasoning
Induction & deduction
1. Cite examples
2. Examplify from
4
Meaningful thesis
Has travel become part of our life ？ Can travel broaden one’s mind？ Is smoking expensive？ Is smoking harmful to people’s health？
Are these meaninful theses?
an idiom, saying or
common sense…
3. Rebuttal approach
4. Comparison or contrast
5. Analogy
6. Causal relation
8
Structure
先总后分 presest your argumentation before elaborating on it 先分后总 Analyze first before coming to your argumentation 推进式 (propulsively) reason your argumentation in climactic order