英语四级词汇与语法特训8.doc
大学英语四级词汇与语法特训
大学英语四级词汇与语法特训大学英语四级词汇与语法精选特训单选题1.The waste pipe is blocked; try ____ it out with hot water.A) rushing B)brushing C)crushing D)flushing2.His actions do not ____ to his words.A)respond B)consist C) correspond D)accord3.He____satisfaction from helping people in trouble.A) derides B)derives C) deviates D)detaches4.There is a shift in____ from a woman’s view to a man ’s view.A) prospective B) prospectus C) prosperous D) perspective5.I ____ on a book with him. He help me a lot with collecting materials.A) cooperate B) operate C) collate D) collaborate6.She is the ____ survivor of the air crash.A) alone B) unique C) single D) sole7.Both Bach and Beethoven wrote ____ music.A) classical B) classic C) class D) classics8.Physical attractiveness is not an important ____ in some people’s opinion.A) ascribe B) attribute C) tribute D) trains9.They came up with a(n) ____ way of preventing cheating in exams.A) ingnue B) ingenuous C) ingenious D) genius10.The school dining room____ as a meeting place for teachers and students.A) uses B) utilizes C) functions D) exerts答案与解析：1.D。
四级词汇与语法特训(100)
四级词汇与语法特训(100)考试成果好的同学最大的胜利阅历就是多做练习题，对于高校英语四级词汇来说也是如此，词汇题往往不太好把握1.It is generally known that New York is a city for and a center for ______odd bits of information. A veterans B pedestrians C victims D eccentrics 2.High grades are supposed to ______ academic ability, but Johns actual performance did not confirm this. A certify B classify C clarify D notify 3.In spite of the ______ , it seemed that many of the invited guests would still show up. A deviation B controversy C distinction D comparison 4.The relatives of those killed in the crash got together to seek ______ .A premiumB repaymentC compensationD refund5.At first everything went well with the project but recently we have had a number of ______ with the machinery. A disturbances B outputs C setbacks D distortions6. Executives of the company enjoyed an________lifestyle of free gifts ,fine wines and high salaries. A exquisite B estravagant C exotic D eccentric7. If you want to get into that tunnel,you first have to ______away all the rocks. A haul B repel C dispose D snatch8. Some crops are relatively high yielders and couble be planted in preference to others to______the food supply. A enhanse B curb C disrupt D heighten9. Astronomers at the universities of California discovered on of the most distant_______ . A paradoxes B paradises C galaxies D shuttles10. Many great scientists______their success to hard work. A portray B ascribe C impart D acknowledge答案与解析： 1.D.众所周知，纽约是个怪人层出的城市，也是奇怪信息的中心。
专业英语四级(语法与词汇)历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语四级（语法与词汇）历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 4. GRAMMAR & VOCABULARYPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN)Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.1．_____at in his way, the situation does not seem so desperate.(2007)A．LookingB．LookedC．Being lookedD．to look正确答案：B解析：2007年第64题。
此题考核分词作壮语；look at的逻辑主语与句子主语the situation保持一致的前提下，look应该使用过去分词表示被动，无需使用进行体，故排除C，选择B。
2．In phrases like freezing cold, burning hot, or soaking wet, the -ING participle is used _____.(2011)A．for concession.B．for emphasis.C．as a commandD．as a condition.正确答案：B解析：2011年第55题。
三个短语表示非常／特别冷、热，全身湿透的之义，一ing分词用于表强调。
A项表示让步；C项表示命令；D项表示条件；皆不符。
3．Facing the board of directors, he didn’t deny______ breaking the agreement.(2013)A．himB．itC．hisD．its正确答案：C解析：2013年第51题。
四级词汇特训(含答案)
Section A:Vocabulary and StructureUnit 1alter v.改变associate vt.使发生联系，使联合n.合作人，同事bound adj.开往…去的；被束缚的；一定的build up变得更大，更多conform to符合，遵照convert vt.使转变，使、、、改变信仰n.皈依者involve vt.包括，卷入，使陷于vi.(in) make up 构成，化妆，编造make up for 弥补，补偿stand for 代表tie n.领带vt.系，打结vary vi变化，不同various adj.多样的1.A healthy life is frequently thought to be with the open countryside and homegrown food.A. tiedB. boundC. involvedD. associated2.In Britain today women 44% of the workforce, and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work.A. build upB. stand forC. make upD. conform to3.Features such as height, weight, and skin color from individual to individual and from face to face.A. changeB. varyC. alterD. convertUnit 2abuse v.滥用，虐待，辱骂n.滥用，虐待，辱骂attempt vt.尝试，企图n.努力，尝试(to do sth) call for 要求call off 结束，取消call on号召，呼吁；访问call up召唤，使想起，打电话给desire n.愿望，欲望vt.想望employ vt.雇用；使用employment就业，雇佣~ee 雇员~er 雇主intention n.意图，目的overlook vt.忽略，俯瞰purpose n.目的，意图on ~故意地1.A well-written composition good choice of words and clear organization among other things.A. calls onB. calls for C calls up D. calls off2.It has been revealed that some government leaders their authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves.A. employB. takeC. abuseD. overlook3.Shelly had prepared carefully for her biology examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first .A. intentionB. attemptC. purposeD. desireUnit 3considerable adj.1.值得考虑的2.相当大（或多）的，相当可观的considerate adj.体贴的，为别人着想的enormous adj.巨大的，庞大的lay aside 搁置lay down放下，放弃lay off 裁员，解雇lay out 安排，布置numerous adj.众多的，许多的，无数的rack n.架rainbow 彩虹n.ribbon n. 丝带rush n. 勿促，冲进，急流vi.冲，奔，涌现significant adj.有意义的，重大1.The store had toA. lay out C. lay aside D. lay downthought, time, and effort.A. significant C. enormous D. numerous3.Lightning is a of electrical current from a cloud to the ground or from one cloud to another.A. rushB. rainbowC. rackD. ribbonUnit 4arrange v.安排，排列classify vt.分类gap n.缺口，间隙，差距glimpse n.一瞥，一看v.瞥见interval n. （时间）间隔幕间休息at ~s每隔（一段）时间length n.长度occupy vt. 占用，占领，占据rank n. 等级，阶级vt. 把…分等rate n. 比率，费用scene n.现场，景色，[戏剧]布景vision n.视力；视觉；想象力；幻想1.New York second in the production of apples, producing 850,000,000 pounds this year.A. rankedB. occupiedC. arrangedD. classified2.I caught a of the taxi before it disappeared around the corner of the street.A. visionB. glimpseC. lookD. scene3.Students or teachers can participate in excursions to lovely beaches around the island at regular .A. gapsB. rateC. lengthD. intervalsUnit 5alike adj.相同的，相似的adv.以同样的方式equivalent adj 相等的，相当的(to)n.等价物，相等物flat adj.平坦的，扁平的n.公寓harsh adj.粗糙的，苛刻的，刺耳的likely adj. 很可能的adv.或许，很可能take effect v.见效，生效take part (in)v.参加take place v.发生take turns v.轮流(to do sth.)tedious adj.乏味的uniform adj.统一的，相同的n.制服vigorous adj.精力旺盛的1.Physics is to the science which was called natural philosophy in history.A. alikeB. equivalentC. likelyD. uniform2.The new appointment of our president from the very beginning of next semester.A. takes effectB. takes partC. takes placeD. takes turns3.The president made a speech at the opening ceremony of the sports meeting, which encouraged the sportsmen greatly.A. vigorousB. tediousC. flatD. harshUnit 6hang up 终止，挂断 hang about 闲晃，闲逛 hang on 坚持，不挂断 raise vt 举起(sth.)，抚养(sb)，筹集 spoil vt.搞糟，宠坏，溺爱 tear vt.撕坏 arouse v.唤醒，激起（情感）arise vi.出现，发生，起因于rise n.上升，增加vi.升起，起义，增长wreck n. 失事船（或飞机），残骸vt.破坏，拆毁injure vt.损害，伤害A. hang upB. hang about D. hang onto st year the advertising rate by 20 percent.A. raisedB. arousedC. aroseD. rose3.The strong storm did a lot of damage to the coastal villages: several fishing boats were and many houses collapsed.A. wreckedB. spoiledC. tornD. injuredUnit 7approachable adj.可接近的 available adj.可买到的，有用的 ，有空的 crash n.碰撞，坠落v.碰撞，坠毁 mind n.头脑，智力，精神vt.注意，留意介意 mood n.心情，情绪 passion n. 激情，热情(for) pollute vt.弄脏，污染 probable adj.很可能的，大概的ready adj.有准备的，准备完毕的，现成的，迅速的spot n. 点，污点，地点，场所，现场v.沾污，弄脏，侦察vt.认出，发现stain n.污点，瑕疵（不易清除的）v. 染污，沾污temper n.性情，脾气，情绪lose ～发脾气1、A. mood C. mind D. passion2.Please be careful when you are drinking coffee in cooking in case you _____ the carpet.A. crashB. polluteC. spotD. stainA. readyB. approachableC. probableUnit 8acceptable adj.可接受的，合意的 advisable adj.可取的，明智 applicable adj.可适用的，可应用的 available adj.可买到的，有用的，有空的capacity n.容量，能力length n.长度，（时间的）长短possibility n.可能性，可能发生的事物resist vt.抵抗，忍得住strength n.力量，力气，实力sustain n.支撑（重量），持续tolerate vt.忍受，容忍undergo vt.经历，遭受1. Some old people don’t like pop songs because they can’t so much noise.A. resistB. sustainC. tolerateD. undergo2. In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total ____ for living expenses.A. acceptableB. applicableC. advisableD. available3. Housewives who do not go out to work often feel they are not working to their full .A. strengthB. capacityC. lengthD. possibilityUnit 9adapt vt.使适应，改编adapt oneself to使自己适应adopt vt.采用，收养consider vt.考虑consider doing认为consider to do sthreceive vt. 收到，接收（被动接受）regard n. 关心，尊重，致意～for sb/sth.vt.看待，当作reveal vt.展现，提示，暴露reverse n.相反，背面adj.相反的，颠倒的vt.颠倒revise vt.修订，校订rewrite v.重写，改写be supposed to do th.应该…，一定…1.I have people who the end of a film that you haven’t seen before.A. reviseB. rewriteC. revealD. reverse2.He’s watching TV?He’s to be cleaning his room.A. knownB. consideredC. regardedD. supposed3.The old couple decided to a boy and a girl though they had three children of their own.A. adaptB. bringC. adoptD. receiveUnit 10accuse vt.控告，谴责，非难charge n. 费用，掌管v.控诉，收费～sb.with sth.收费extent n. 范围，程度to～到…程度heighten v.提高，升高increase n.增加，增大，增长vt.增加，加大vi.增加，繁殖level n.水准，标准，级别promote vt.促进，促销，提升，提拔punish vt.惩罚，处罚quantity n.量，数量range n.范围，射程scold v.责骂，申斥，斥责1.The government is trying to do something to ____ better understanding between the two countries.A. raiseB. increaseC. heightenD. promote2.The newspaper did not mention the ____ of the damage caused by the fire.A. extentB. increaseC. rangeD. quantity3.The soldier was of running away when the enemy attacked.A. accusedB. chargedC. scoldedD. punishedUnit 11break down v.垮掉，（机器）停止运转break off v.中断，折断，突然停止break out v.突发，爆发break up v.打碎，拆散，分裂，结束by means of 凭借，依靠by way of经由in place of取代in terms of就…而言stand for代表strive for奋斗，争取strike at 打击，敲击stick to v.粘住，坚持1. Because Edgar was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he his opinion.A. stuck toB. strove forC. struck atD. stood for2. Which sport has the most expenses training equipment, plays’ personal equipment and uniforms?A. in place ofB. in terms ofC. by means ofD. by way of3.The car halfway for no reason.A. broke offB. broke downC. broke upD. broke outUnit 12adapt vt.使适应，改编coordinate vt.调整，协调grasp vt.抓住，掌握，领会n.抓住，抓紧，掌握regulate vt.管制，控制，调节response n.回答，响应，反应(~to)result n.结果(result of)result from 起因，由于earn vt.挣（钱）gain n. 财物的增加，收获vt.得到result in 导致seize v.抓住，夺取settlement n.解决，和解solution n.解决办法(solution to)suit v.合适，相配，适宜于n.一套衣服1.The newcomers found it impossible to themselves to the climate sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new country.A. suitB. adaptC. regulateD. coordinate2. A to this problem is expected to be found before long.A. resultB. responseC. settlementD. solution3. You have nothing to by refusing to listen to our advice.A. gainB. graspC. seizeD. earnUnit 13compress vt.压缩，摘要叙述shrink v.收缩，（使）皱缩，缩短drop v.滴下，落下，（使价格等）下降n.落下，下滴decrease n.减少，减少之量v.减少exchange vt.交换，兑换，交流，交易n.交换，兑换，交流，交易transmit vt.付输，转送，传播vi.发射信号，发报transfer n.迁移，调任vi.转移，调任，转学，换车remove vt.移动，开除，移交vi.迁移，搬家set about v.开始，着手set down v.放下，记下，制定set out v.出发，开始set up v.设立1.As a result of careless washing, the jacket to a child’s size.A. compressedB. shrankC. droppedD. decreased2.He hoped the firm would him to the Paris branch.A. exchangeB. transmitC. transferD. remove3.Having decided to rent a flat, we contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city.A. set about + ingB. set downC. set out +to doD. set upUnit 14come about v.发生，产生can you tell me how the accident come about?come across v.偶遇come after v. 追逐The farmer come after the dog with a stick.come after v.袭击charge v.控诉，收费n费用，主管cost n.成本，价钱，代价vt.价值为（使）花费（金钱，时间）expend vt.花费，支出extremely adv.极端地，非常地intensively adv.强烈地，集中地，细致入微的offer n. 出价，提议vt.提供，出价originally adv.最初，原先violently adv.猛烈地，激烈地，极端地A. originallyB. extremelyC. violently2. One day I a newspaper article about the retirement of an English professor at a nearby state college.A. came acrossB. came aboutC. came afterD. came at3.She was complaining that doctor was too much for the treatment he was giving her.A. expendingB. offeringC. costingD. chargingUnit 15amaze vt.使吃惊amuse vt.使发笑，使愉快awkward adj.难为情的，笨拙的characteristic adj.特有的，典型的n.特性，特征curious adj.好奇的，古怪的～about feature n.面貌特征，容貌，特色，特写vt.是…的特色instant adj.立即的，（食品）速溶的property n.财产，所有物tense adj.紧张的，拉紧的n.[语法]时态tough adj.强硬的，艰苦的urgent adj.急迫的，紧急的virtue n.德行，美德，优点1. The manager spoke highly of such as loyalty, courage and truthfulness shown by his employees.A. virtuesB. featuresC. propertiesD. characteristics2. Since the matter was extremely , we dealt with it immediately.A. toughB. tenseC. urgentD. instant3. The shy girl felt and uncomfortable when she could not answer her teacher’s questions.A. amazedB. awkwardC. curiousD. amusedUnit 16take off v.拿掉，取消，脱衣，起飞 take after v.象（某个长辈），学…的（模样） take in v.接受，吸收，（被动）受骗 take on v.呈现，具有，雇用，承担 mark n.标志，分数，痕迹，记号vt. 做标记于 feature n.特征，容貌，特写vt.是…的特色，特写 trace n.痕迹，踪迹，微量vt.追踪，追溯，回溯appearance n.露面，外貌，外观seek v.寻找，探索，寻求stimulate vt.刺激，激励shape n.外形，形状，形态vt.定形，使成形，塑造secure adj.安全的，可靠的v.保护1.Frequently single-parent children some of the functions that the absent adult in the house would have served.A. take offB. take afterC. take inD. take on 2.A peculiarly pointed chin is his most memorable facial .A. markB. featureC. traceD. appearance3.John Dewey believed that education should be a preparation for life, that a person learns by doing, A. seek C. shape D. secureUnit 17confused adj.困惑，烦恼 disturbed adj.扰乱 impose vt. 强加impose on insert vt.播入，嵌入 intensive adj.强烈的，精深的，集中的，细致入微的 pitch n.程度，斜度，投掷，定调vt.投掷，向前倾跌 plunge n.跳进，投入 vi.投入，跳进，陷入vt.使投入，使插入，使陷入puzzled adj.迷惑不解的rigid adj.刚硬的，严格的tense adj.紧张的，拉紧的tight adj.紧的，绷紧，紧密的，不漏水（不透气）的troubled adj.麻烦的，不平静的1.However, at times this balance in nature is , resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.A. troubledB. disturbedC. confusedD. puzzled 2.The patient’s health failed to such an extent that he was p ut into care.A. tenseB. rigidC. intensiveD. tight3.In 1914,an apparently in significant event in a remote part of Eastern Europe ____ Europe into a great war.A. insertedB. imposedC. pitchedD. plungedUnit 18access n.access to通路，入门，访问have an~ to有机会接触（享用）vt.存取，接近assessment n.估价，评估assignment n.分配的任务，（课外）作业exception n.除外，例外with the~ of sth.go in for v.追求，从事，赞成，参加hold on to v.坚持impact n. impact on碰撞，冲击，冲突，影响，效果vt.撞击，对…发生影响impression n.印象keep pace with v.并驾齐驱motivation n.动机perspective n.远景，前途，观点，看法，角度put up with v.忍受，容忍1. We had to a lot of noise when the children were at home.A. to in forB. hold on toC. put up withD. keep pace with2. Over a third of the population was estimated to have no to the health servise.A. assessmentB. assignmentC. exceptionD. access3. Professor Taylor’s talk has indicated that science has a very strong on the everyday life of nonscientists as well as scientists.A. motivationB. perspectiveC. impressionD. impactUnit 19actually adv.实际上，事实上annually adv.一年一次，每年comparatively adv.比较地，相当地completely adv. 十分，完全地essentially adv.本质上，本来necessarily adv.必要地pace n..速度，步调，节奏progress n.前进，进步，发展vi.前进，进步，进行relatively 相关地，相对的，相比较而言的remarkably adv.显著的touch n.触觉，接触，联系vt.接触，触摸，达到，感动1. Floods cause billions of dollars worth of property damage .A. relativelyB. actuallyC. annuallyD. comparatively2. These goods are for export, though a few of them may be sold on the home market.A. essentiallyB. completelyC. necessarilyD. remarkably3. In a time of social reform, people’s state of mind tends to keep with the rapid changes of society.A. stepB. progressC. paceD. touchUnit 20bargain v.议价bite n.咬v.咬consult v.商量，商议，请教，参考debate v.争论，辩论n. 争论，辩论dispute v.争论，争端n.争论，争吵stick n.棍，棒，手杖v.粘住，粘贴sting n.刺，刺痛，针刺v. 刺，刺痛，刺激lack n.缺乏，短缺的东西vt.缺乏，没有，需要leak v.渗漏omit vt.省略，疏忽，遗漏scratch n.抓痕，擦伤，乱写，刮擦声vt.乱涂，勾抹掉，擦，刮，搔withdraw vt.收回，撤消vi.缩回，退出v.撤退1. Harry was by a bee when he was collecting the honey.A. stungB. stuckC. bittenD. scratched2. Remember that customers don’t about prices in that city.A. debateB. consultC. disputeD. bargain3. I hope that you’ll be more careful in typing the letter. Don’t anything.A. lackB. withdrawC. omitD. leakUnit 21attitude n.态度continually adv不断地，频繁地（同一动作多次重复）.continuously adv.不断地，连续地（同一动作不间断持续）.emotion n.情绪，情感，感情feeling n.触觉，知觉，情绪，同情gradually adv.逐渐地mood n.心情，情绪，语气，状态point n.点尖端，分数，要点vt.弄尖，指出，瞄准vi.指向，表明spot n.地点，现场v.沾污，侦察vt.认出，发现trace n.退迹，踪迹，微量vt.追踪，回溯，探索vi.上溯，沿路走track n.架，行李架unceasingly adv.继续地，不断地1. Our journey was slow because the train stopped at different villages.A. unceasinglyB. graduallyC. continuouslyD. continually2. The tomato juice left brown on the front of my jacket.A. spotB. pointC. trackD. trace3. My father seemed to be in no to look at my school report.A. moodB. emotionC. attitudeD. feelingUnit 22adaptable adj.能适应的，可修改的available adj.可用到的，可买到的，有空的bother vt.烦扰vi.烦脑，操心n.麻烦，烦扰comfortable adj.舒适的convenient adj.便利的，方便的impress vt.留下印象interfere vi.干涉，干预，妨碍，打扰made for v.（尤指匆匆地）走向made off v.离开，逃开made out v.辨认出，开具made up v.化妆，构成，编造offend v.犯罪，昌犯1. When he realized the police had spotted him, the man the exit as quickly as possible.A. made offB. made forC. made outD. made up2. Our new house is very for me as I can get to the office in five minutes.A. adaptableB. comfortableC. convenientD. available3. I’m very sorry to have you with so many questions on such an occasion.A. interferedB. offendedC. impressedD. botheredUnit 23alter v.改变（强调局部）bare adj.赤裸的，无遮蔽的，空的vt.使赤裸，露出blank adj.空白的，空着的n.空白，表格take after v.象take in v.吸收，理解，轻信，欺骗take over v.接收，接管differ vi.不一致，不同differ form与…不一致range v.范围，射程separate adj.分离的，单独的v.分开，隔离take up v.拿起，开始从事占据（时间，空间）vacant adj.空的，空闲的，空缺的season.A. altered C. separated D. differed2. Our son doesn’t know what to at the university; he makes up his mind about his future.A. take inB. take upC. take overD. take after3. Although they plant trees in this area every year, the tops of some hills are still .A. blankB. hollowC. vacantD. bareUnit 24peculiarly adv.特有的，奇特的indifferently adv.冷淡的，不关心地vigorously adv.精神旺盛地inevitably adv.不可避免outlook n.景色，风光，观点，见解vision n.视力，视觉，想象力，幻想horizon n.地平线，眼界perspective n.透视图，远景，前途，观点credible adj.可信的，可靠的contrary adj.相反的，逆的n. 反面adv.相反地critical adj.批评的，危急的，挑剔的，紧要的crucial adj.至关紧要的1. William Pen, the founder of Pennsylvania, defended the right of every citizen to freedom of choice in religion.A. peculiarlyB. indifferentlyC. vigorouslyD. inevitably2. I have had my eyes tested and the report as that my is perfect.A. outlookB. visionC. horizonD. perspective3. The results are hardly , he cannot believe they are accurate.A. credibleB. contraryC. criticalD. crucialUnit 25laziness n.怠惰，无精打采poverty n.贫穷，贫困，贫乏，缺少（poor的名词）idleness n.闲散，懒惰inability v.无能，无力dislike vt.讨厌，不喜欢n.嫌恶unlike adj.不同的，不相似的prep.不象alike adj.相似的adv.以同样的方式，类似于battery n.电池bargain n.便宜货v.讨价还价basket n.篮barrel n.桶A. lazinessB. poverty D. inability2. his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others.A. DislikeB. UnlikeC. AlikeD. Liking3. Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful ____ in the market.A. batteriesB. bargainsC. basketsD. barrelsUnit 26store vt.贮藏，存储n.商店，贮备provision n. 供应，供应品reserve n.储备，储藏量，预备队vt.保留，预约supply n.供给，供应品vt.补给，供给order n. 次序，顺序，命令，定购vt.命令，定购arrange v.安排，排列tidy up整理，收拾clear away清除appreciate vt.常识，感激，理解approve vt. 赞成，满意~of vt.批准，v.批准appeal n.请求，呼吁，上诉vi.呼吁吸引applied adj.应用的，实用的1.In previous times, when fresh meat was in short , pigeons were kept by many households as a source of food.A. storeB. provisionC. reserveD. supplyA. orderingB. arranging D. clearing away3.Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were deeply .A. appreciatedB. approvedC. appealedD. appliedUnit 27attention n.注意，关心，注意力attraction n.吸引，吸引力appointment n.约会，指定arrangement n.排列，安排alter v.改变shift vt.替换，改变vi.转换，移动transfer n. vt. vi.移动，传递，调任，转帐，转让vary vt.变更，使多样化vi.变化，不同transplant v.移植transform vt.转换，改变，使、、、变形vi.改变，转化transport n.运输vt.传送，运输transmit vt.传输，转送，传导，发射信号A. attention C. appointment D. arrangement2. The hopes goals, fears and desires widely between men and women, between the rich and the poor.A. alterB. shiftC. transferD. vary3. Some diseases are by certain water animals.A. transplantedB. transformedC. transportedD. transmittedUnit 28consistent adj.一致的，一贯的，坚固的continuous adj.连续的，持续的considerate adj.考虑周到的continual adj.连续的，频繁的optional adj.乐观的optional adj.可选择的，随意的outstanding adj.突出的，显著的obvious adj.明显的，显而易见的attack n. 进攻，攻击vt.攻击，动手处理vi.攻击burst v.爆裂，急于，爆发n.突然爆裂，爆发split v. 劈开，（使）裂开n.裂开，裂口裂痕blast n.一陈（风），一股（气流），炸，冲击波vt.爆炸B. continuousC. considerateD. continualB. optionalC. outstandingD. obvious3. In a sudden of anger, the man tore up everything within reach.A. arrackB. burstC. splitD. blastUnit 29swallow vt.吞咽dispose vi.～of处理consume vt.消耗，消费exhaust vt.用尽，使筋疲力尽n.尾气take …into account 重视，考虑另：take …into consideration account for v.说明，占，解释，得分make up for补偿make out v.辩认出mild adj.温和的，温柔的，淡味的，度的slight adj.轻微的，微小的light adj.轻的，发光的，深浅tender adj.嫩的，温柔的，软弱的，（食物）炖得烂的1. In Britain people four million tons of potatoes every year.A. swallowB. disposeC. consumeD. exhaust2. I’d his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.A. take into accountB. account forC. make up forD. make out3. She cooked the meat for a long time so as to make it enough to eat.A. mildB. slightC. lightD. tenderUnit 30certainly adv.的确，当然significantly adv.意味深长地，值得注目地，有意义的fundamentally adv.基础地，根本地，本原的comparatively adv.比较地，相当地nuisance n.讨厌的人或东西，麻烦事，损害worry n.烦恼，忧虑，苦恼vt.使烦恼，焦虑vi.烦恼，担心anxiety n.忧虑，焦急，渴望postpone vt. 推迟，使延期另put off +doing refuse vt.拒绝，谢绝n.废物，垃圾delay v.n.耽搁，延迟cancel vt.取消，删去A. certainlyB. significantly D. comparatively2. A lot of ants are always invading my kitchen. They are a thorough .A. nuisanceB. troubleC. worryD. anxietyA. postponeB. refuseC. delayUnit 31conservative adj.保守，守旧的n.保守派content n.内容，目录，满足adj.满足的满意的vt.使满足confident adj.自信的，确信的confidence(n.) generous adj.慷慨的，大方的grant vt.同意，准予，承认imply vt.暗示，意味exaggerate v.夸大，夸张remedy n.药物，治疗法，赔偿vt.治疗，补救curiosity n. 好奇心status n.身份，地位，情形determination n.决心，果断significance n.意义，重要性A. conservative C. confident D. generous2. Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is .A. grantedB. impliedC. exaggeratedD. remedied3. The clothes a person wears may express his or social position.A. curiosityB. statusC. determinationD. significanceUnit 32accurate adj.正确的，精确的反：inaccurateurgent adj.急迫的，紧急的excessive adj.过多的，过分的adequate adj.适当的，足够的反：inadequatego along with v.一起去，赞同，附和go back on v.背弃go through v.经历，仔细检查，用完go into v.进入，加入，探究look out v. 留神make out v. 辨认出refer to v. 查阅，提到，谈到，打听go over v. （渡过…）转变，仔细检查，复习1. By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have opportunity to change his mind.A. accurateB. urgentC. excessiveD. adequate2. The early pioneers had to many hardships to settle on the new land.A. go along withB. go back onC. go throughD. go into3. I didn’t know the word. I had to a dictionary.A. look outB. make outC. refer toD. go overUnit 33partial adj.部分的，局部的，偏爱的impartial公正的，不偏不倚的beneficial adj.有益的，受益的preferable adj.更可取的，更好的liable adj.有责任的，有…倾向的，很有可能的~for 对…有责任；~to do可能遭遇到某事extensive adj.广大的，广阔的，广泛的spare adj.多余的，剩下的，少量的extra adj.额外的，特大的supreme adj.至高无上的（级别，权力）assemble vt.集合，装配vi.集合accumulate v.积聚，堆积pile n.堆，大堆vi.vt.堆起，堆积join vi.加入n.连接，结合，参加n.连接，结合1. It is said that the math teacher seems towards bright students.A. partialB. beneficialC. preferableD. liable2. In order to show his boss what a careful worker he was, he took trouble over the figures.A. extensiveB. spareC. extraD. supremein the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.B. accumulatedC. piledD. joinedUnit 34include vt.包括，包含involve vt.包括vi~in使陷于contain vt.包含comprise v.由…组成adapt vt.使适应，改编（文学作品）adopt vt.采用，收养regulate vt.管理制，控制，调节suit v. 合适，适合，相配，适宜于n.一套衣服result n. 结果，成效vi.起因，以…为结果，导致～in导致；～from由…产生oblige vi.迫使，责成～to dodemand n. 要求，需求（量）v.要求，需要recommend vt.推荐1. Putting in a new window will cutting away part of the roof.A. includeB. involveC. containD. comprise2. I suggested he should himself to his new conditions.A. adaptB. adoptC. regulateD. suitA. resulted C. demanded D. recommendedUnit 35keep up v. 保持pick up v.捡起，沾染上（习惯等）draw up v.草拟catch up v.追上turn up v.（人）出现，露面turn to v.求助于turn on b.开启，接通电源turn over v.打翻，移交给，反复考虑，翻身in spite of adv.尽管regardless of adj.不管，不顾on account of adv.由于in case of adv.假设，万一A. keep up C. draw up D. catch up2. Everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the body’s need for it from naturalA. up C. on D. over3. He always did well at school having to do part-time jobs every now and then.A. in spite ofB. regardless ofC. on account ofD. in case ofUnit 36dark n.黑暗，暗色adj.黑暗的，隐晦的，模糊的dense adj.密集的，浓厚的bold adj.大胆的n.粗体put down n.放下，记下，制止，镇压put out n.扑灭put up v.举起，成立（公司）put off v.推迟incident n.事件，事变（偶然）event n.事件（大事件）case n.事，病例，案例，情形，场合affair n.事务1. All the key words in the article are printed in type so as to attract readers’ attention.A. darkB. denseC. blackD. bold2. In Disneyland, every year, some 800,000 plants are replaced because Disney refused to signs asking his “guests” not to step on them.A. put downB. put outC. put upD. put off3. On New Year’s Eve, New York City holds an outdoor which attracts a crowd of a million or more people.A. incidentB. eventC. caseD. affairUnit 37transfer n.vt.vi.移动，传递，调任，转帐delivery n.递送，分娩，交货n.移交发送，传输transportation n.运输，运送transmission n.播送，发射，传送，传输minimum adj.最小的，最低的n.最小值，最小化seldom adv.很少，不常scarce adj.缺乏的，不足的，稀有的emphasize vt.强调，着重reinforce vt.加强，增援，修补，加固multiply v.繁殖，乘increasing adl.渐增的，越来越多的1. American football and baseball are becoming known to the British public through televised ____ from the United States..A. transferB. deliveriesC. transportationD. transmissions2. If this kind of fish becomes , future generations may never taste it at all.A. minimumB. shortC. seldomD. scarce3. The same factors push wages and prices up together, the one the other.A. emphasizingB. reinforcingC. multiplyingD. increasingUnit 38exhaust vt.用尽，耗尽n.尾气abandon vt.放弃，遗弃injure vt. 损害，伤害v. 伤害desert vt.放弃，遗弃hand out v.把…拿出来，分发（施舍）hand iver v.移交hand down v.传下来hand round 分发~for sth / ~to do sthscope n.（活动）范围，机会rank n.等级，阶级vt.排列，把…分等vi.列队span n.跨度，跨距scale n.刻度，衡量，比倒尺寸1. Operations which left patients and in need of long periods of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.A. exhaustedB. abandonedC. injuredD. deserted2. The bed has been in the family. It was my great-gran dmother’s originally.A. handed outB. handed overC. handed downD. handed round3. According to the American federal government, residents of Hawaii have the longest life , 77.A. scopeB. rankC. spanD. scaleUnit 39arouse vt.唤醒，唤起arise vi.出现，发生raise n.上升，高地vt.升起，唤起，提高grant vt同意准予，承认promises n.承诺v.允诺entitle vt. 给…权利，给…题名v.授权，授权be entitled to sth./to do sth有资格做某事present n.赠品，adj.现在的介绍，vt.赠送，提出resident n. 居民，adj.居住的，常驻的inhabitant n.居者，居住者lodger n.寄宿者，投宿者，settler n.移民者，殖民者1. Our hopes and fell in the same instant.A. arousedB. aroseC. raisedD. rose2. A season ticket the holder to make as many journeys as he wishes within the stated period of time.A. grantsB. promisesC. entitlesD. presents3. Only a selected number of landladies in the neighborhood have been allowed by the university to take in .A. grantsB. inhabitantsC. lodgersD. settlersUnit 40profitable adj.有利可图的tremendous adj.极大的，巨大的forceful adj.有力的，有说服力的smooth adj.平滑的，流畅的，圆滑的fluent adj.流利的，流畅的（语言）fluid n..流动性，流度adj 流动的，流畅的flowing adj.流动的，平滑的，（文章等）通顺的raise n.上升，高地vt.升起，唤起，提高tend vi.趋向，往往是vt.照管，护理cultivate vt.培养，耕作1. Purchasing the new production line will be a ____ deal of the company.A. profitableB. tremendousC. forcefulD. favorite2. Though he was born and brought up in America, he can speak Chinese.A. smoothB. fluentC. forcefulD. flowing3. Though he was born and brought up in America, he can speak Chinese. 题错了A. grownB. raisedC. tendedD. cultivatedUnit 41adopt vt.采用，收养acquire vt.获得，学到accumulate v.积聚，堆积assemble vt.集合，装配vi.集合accuse vt. 控告，谴责～sb of th. scold v.责骂，斥责charge v.控诉，告诫，收费~sb. with sth. curse n.诅咒，祸根vt.诅咒，咒骂，使受罚guide n. 领路人，导游，指南vt.支配，管理，带领aim n.目标，瞄准v.对…瞄准，打算~at focus n.中心，焦点vi.聚焦~ on. 注视vt.定焦点，集中1. If people feel hopeless, they don’t bother to the skills they need to succeed.A. adoptB. acquireC. accumulateD. assemble2. The shop assistant was dismissed as she was of cheating customers.A. accusedB. chargedC. scoldedD. cursed3. All her energies are upon her children and she seems to have little time for anything else.A. guidedB. aimedC. directedD. focusedUnit 42attribute v.归因，归属于~sht. to sb.entitle vt.给…权利（或资格），给…题名v.授权，be ～ed to sht有资格做某事identify vt.识别，鉴别justify v.证明…是正当的error n.错误，过失，误差shortcoming n.缺点，短处fault n. 过错，毛病find～with sb找某人的错flaw n.缺陷，瑕疵material n.原料particle n.粒子，微粒substance n.物质A. attributed C. identified D. justified2. His wife is constantly finding with him, which makes him very angry.A. errorsB. shortcomingsC. faultD. flaw3. Vitamins are complex that the body required in very small amounts.A. mattersB. materialsC. particlesD. substancesUnit 43evidence s.证据recognition n.承认，公认，常识status n.身份，地位identity n.同一性，身份distance n.距离，远离，远方scope n. （活动）范围，余地scope for机会range n. 山脉，范围vt.排列，归类于boundary n.边界，分界线struggle n. 竞争，奋斗vi.奋斗，挣扎campaign n.竞选运动vi.为某一目的而举行活动battle n.战争vi.作战，战斗conflict n.斗争，冲突vi.低触，冲突1. The police are trying to find out the of the woman killed in the traffic accident.。
英语专业四级词汇语法练习
Choose the correct grammar structures and vocabulary to consider the intended meaning in English, taking into account the target audience and context
Practice using synonyms in writing and speaking to improve language fluency and accuracy
Phrase location
Familiarize yourself with common phrase settlements
Distinction from indicative mood
The difference between the sub junction and indicative mood should be clear, and students should be able to differentiate between them in presence
Converting simple connections to compound connections: Combine two or more simple connections using coordinating connections (e.g., and, but, or) or coordinating connections (e.g., because, appropriate, if) to create more complex connections
专四词汇语法练习
练习（1）1. There was a large crowd of demonstrators ____ against the war.A) protecting B) preserving C) protesting D) prosecuting2. I’m afraid I will have to ____her invitation to the party.A) refuse B) refute C) ignore D) decline3. The coat I bought yesterday is not expensive at all. As a matter of fact, I would gladly have paid ____ for it.A) as much twice B) much as twice C) as twice much D) twice as much4. He can’t start the car because the battery has ____.A) run up B) run down C) run over D) run off5. Without facts, we cannot form a worthwhile opinion, for we need to have factual knowledge ____ our thinking.A) upon which to base B) which to base upon C) which to be based on D) to base on which6. This design is ____ that one.A) more superior to B) far superior than C) more superior than D) far superior to7. I wondered what her ____ to the news would be.A) impression B) reaction C) comment D) opinion8. She shouldn’t have stood in a queue; she ____ her undergro und ticket from the machine.A) has got B) must have got C) could have got D) got9. Don’t worry. ____ that you will be treated equally.A) I’ll look forward to it B) I’ll try my utmost C) I’ll be on the alert D) I’ll see to it10. The workers agreed to ____ the strike if the company would satisfy their demand.A) call off B) call out C) call to D) call on11. I’d rather you ____ so rudely to her.A) don’t speak B) won’t speak C) should not speak D) didn’t speak12. Today many kinds of electrical ____ are available, which has made housework much easier than before.A) facilities B) appliances C) instruments D) equipment13. The author is going to ____ his play for television.A) add B) adopt C) adapt D)adjust14. ____ for your help, I’d never have been able to achieve such a success.15. With all its advantages, the computer is by no means without its ____.A) boundaries B) limitations C) confinements D) restraints16. I’m afraid I can’t ____ you ____; you’ll have to go to a hotel.A) put ...up B) pick ... up C) pull ... up D) wake ... up17. The guests said that they wouldn’t mind ____.A) to have a little light music B) having a little light music C) have a little light music D) if they have a little light music18. Although this area is very poor just now, its ____ wealth is great.A) previous B) profound C) potential D) primary19. He ran quickly to the classroom, two books ____ under his arm.A) to be hold B) held C) were held D) holding20. We must try our best to lower the cost of our products. Otherwise the high cost will ____ our profit.A) cut off B) cut in C) cut short D) cut into21. Tom is not very clever, but he is the most ____ pupil in the class.A) industrious B) indulgent C) industrial D) indifferent22. No sooner had he arrived home ____ he was asked to start another journey.A) when B) than C) then D) until23. Young children easily ____ words that their parents frequently use.A) put up B) turn up C) bring up D) pick up24. Only when you have obtained all the information about it ____ come to a sound judgment.A) you can B) you will C) would you D) can you25. American women were ____ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.A) ignored B) neglected C) denied D) refused26. All ____ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.A) what is needed B) the thing needed C) which is needed D) that is needed27. The factory has ____several workers because of the drop in sales.A) laid off B) laid out C) laid aside D) laid down28. There were no tickets ____ for Friday’s performance.A) applicable B) approachable C) attainable D) availableA) would be B) had been C) should be D) would have been30. If you don’t work hard, you are bound to fall behind others, ____ smart you might be.A) whatever B) though C) whatsoever D) however答案及部分题目详解1. 【答案】C【译文】有一大群示威者在抗议战争（的爆发）。
英语专业四级考试语法复习资料大全
一、考纲要求及语法知识常考点（一）动词的基本时态、语态的构成及其用法2. 动词的语态1) 不能用于被动语态的动词和短语（1）在英语中，不及物动词不能用于被动语态，但有些不及物动词（包括短语）容易引起误用。
如：appear, belong to, die, escape, fall, happen, last, succeed, occur, take place, consist of。
Our success belongs to all the people present. 我们的成功属于在座的每一个人。
（2）某些表示状态或特征的及物动词，如：become, contain, cost, fit, have, resemble, suit也没有被动语态。
2) 少数动词的主动语态有时有被动的意思（专业四级英语重要考点）例1：The book is selling remarkably well.这本书卖得很好例2：The song sounds very beautiful. 这首歌听起来很优美。
能这样用的动词还有read（读起来），clean（擦起来），wash（洗起来），write（写起来）。
例3：My watch needs cleaning. (= My watch needs to be cleaned).能像need这样用的动词还有：want, require, deserve等。
例4：The meat is cooking.例5：The shop doesn’t open（营业）on Sunday. 试比较：The door was opened by Tom.3) 注意几个基本句型．（专业四级英语重要考点）It is said …（据说）.，It is reported …（据报道）, It is widely believed（人们广泛认为）; It is expected …（据期望，应该）It is estimated…. ( 据估计), It was said…, It was believed … It was thought …( 以前人们认为．．．)。
英语语法词汇表
英语语法词汇表英语语法词汇表英语语法是学习英语的重要组成部分，它关乎着句子的结构、单词的用法以及语法规则的应用。
为了帮助大家更好地掌握英语语法知识，以下是英语语法词汇表的详细内容：1. 名词（Noun）名词是指人、事物、地方或抽象概念的名称。
名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词还可以根据单数和复数形式来区分。
2. 动词（Verb）动词是表示动作、状态或事件的词语。
动词可以分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词需要搭配宾语，而不及物动词则不需要。
3. 形容词（Adjective）形容词用来描述名词的特征或属性。
形容词通常用于修饰名词或代词，并可以根据不同级别表达不同的程度。
4. 代词（Pronoun）代词用来代替名词，通常用于避免重复或引用先前提到的名词。
代词可以分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词等。
5. 副词（Adverb）副词用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。
副词通常以 -ly 结尾。
6. 介词（Preposition）介词用来表达名词或代词与其他词之间的关系，如时间、地点、方式、原因等。
介词通常位于名词或代词之前。
7. 连词（Conjunction）连词用来连接单词、短语或句子。
连词可以分为并列连词、从属连词和关联连词。
8. 冠词（Article）冠词用来限定名词的范围，分为定冠词（the）和不定冠词（a/an）。
9. 数词（Numeral）数词用来表示数字或数量，包括基数词和序数词。
10. 时态（Tense）时态是指动词的形式来表达不同时点的动作或状态，包括一般现在时、过去式、将来时等。
11. 语态（Voice）语态是指动词的形式来表示动作的执行者和承受者之间的关系，包括主动语态和被动语态。
12. 句子类型（Sentence Types）句子可以分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句等不同类型，它们在语法结构和使用方式上有所区别。
13. 主谓一致（Subject-Verb Agreement）主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词在人称和数上要保持一致，即单数主语对应单数谓语动词，复数主语对应复数谓语动词。
专业四级语法词汇练习有真题讲解(DOC)
英语专业四级语法、词汇知识讲座1.《教学大纲》对英语专业语法的总体描述是：能识别词类；区分名词的可数性和不可数性，可数名词的单、复数形式；基本掌握各种代词的形式与用法、基数词和序数词、常用介词和连词、形容词和副词的句法功能、比较级和最高级的构成及基本句型、冠词的一般用法；了解动词的主要种类、时态、语态及不定式和分词的基本用法、句子种类、基本句型和基本构词法。
掌握主谓一致关系、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句等句型、直接引语和间接引语的用法、动词不定式和分词的用法、各种时态、主动语态、被动语态和构词法。
其中对四级的要求是：除掌握上述内容外，还应该熟练掌握主语从句、同位语从句、倒装句和各种条件句。
2.《教学大纲》对英语专业词汇的总体描述是：认知词汇不少于2，000个；掌握1，200个左右的常用词和一定数量的习惯用语及固定搭配，并能在口语中运用；认识740个左右的单词和一定数量的习惯用语及固定搭配，能根据上下文的提示理解其含义。
通过基础英语课、阅读课和其他途径认知词汇达4，000~5，000个（其中含中学已学的2，000个），正确而熟练地使用其中的2，000~2，500个及其最基本的搭配。
其中对四级的要求是：通过基础英语课、阅读课和其他途径认知词汇5，500 6，500个（含第二级要求的4，000~5，000个），正确而熟练地运用其中的3，000~4，000个及其最基本的搭配。
近年来专业四级考试中Grammar and Vocabulary部分中，50%为词汇、词组和短语的用法，约50%为语法结构。
该题在总分中虽占分不多,但作为测试考生英语水平之基础,它对于TEM4中所有题项影响之大是众所周知的，因为任何一门外语的学习均始于词汇和语法，且对于词汇数量及其深度的掌握程度在一定意义上反应一个人的英语水平。
因此，掌握词汇和语法对于在TEM4中取得好成绩显得尤为重要。
综观这近几年考题，可发现：1.语法考题的涉及面宽，近年考题曾经考到：几乎所有词类；三种动词的非谓语形式；各种从句及关系词的用法；动词时态、虚拟语气、情态动词的用法；独立主格，主谓一致，倒装，强调、并列结构等基本语法知识。
完整word版,英语专业四级语法汇总,推荐文档
专四语法考点串讲语法回顾篇：专四语法考点虚拟语气、情态动词、非谓语动词、复合句、倒装、小语法（省略，时态，反义疑问句，代词，强调句，主谓一致，冠词，形容词及副词）、as 的特殊用法。
专四英语语法考点串讲之一虚拟语气一般说来，有下列几种考点需要考生注意(十考点及两备考点）考点1. 与现在事实相反从句谓语动词用did(be用were)，主句谓语动词would(should,could,might)+do；考点2. 与过去事实相反从句谓语动词用had done，主句谓语动词用would(should,could,might)+ have done；例如：43.I _________the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there.A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyedD. will be enjoying49.All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _________ quite such a crowd of people there.A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. wouldn’t考点3.与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用：did(should+do或were + to do)，主句谓语动词用：would(should,could,might)+do。
例如：43. If your car ___ any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer.(08年）• A. shall need C. would need• B. should need D. will need考点4. 时态的交叉现象，也就是主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段例如：If you had gone to see the doctor，you would be all right now.你要是早去看病,你现在就没事了。
2023年英语专业四级考试词汇语法真题及解析
英语专业四级考试词汇语法真题参照答案与解析11.Ho.ca..concentrat.i.yo.________.continuall._____.m.wit.sill. questions?A.have.interruptedB.are.interruptedC.had.interruptingD.were.interrupting选A。
虽然我觉得更应当说you are continually interrupting me with silly questions。
不过这里用目前完毕时表达旳是一种动作发生过成为过去经历, 有也许多次发生, 也就是打断一次、两次、三次等等不停反复到目前。
12.Amon.th.fou.sentence.below.Sentenc.__.expresse.th.highes.d egre.o.possibility?A.I.ma.tak..lon.tim.t.fin..solutio.t.th.problem.B.I.migh.tak..lon.tim.t.fin..solutio.t.th.problem.C.I.coul.tak..lon.tim.t.fin..solutio.t.th.problem.D.I.shoul.tak..lon.tim.t.fin..solutio.t.th.problem.选D。
四个里把握度最高旳是should, 另一方面是may, 最终是might和could。
13.Sh.i..bette.speake.tha.____.i.th.class.A.an.boyB.th.othe.boysC.othe.an.girlD.al.th.girls选A。
主语是she, 女旳, 因此不能选B。
C旳对旳说法是any other girl。
14.Nobod.hear.hi.sing.______?A.di.oneB.di.heC.didn’.theyD.di.they选B。
英语专业四级考试语法复习资料大全
4)主语从句及介词but, except, besides+to do(do)，如从句里或介词前有动词do，后面应
接不带to的不定式；如无do，则接to不定式，即带do不带to，带to不带do。如：
形
If I were to (should) teach you, I would teach in English.如果让我教你们，我就用英文授课。
试比较：I saw him singing when I passed by.
2)个别表示使役意义的动词，如：have, let, make
The teacher has/makes/lets us write a composition every week.
上述感觉动词或使役动词转换为被动结构时．其后的不定式一般需带to，如：
考点二：在下列it作形式主语或形式宾语的句型中，用动名词作逻辑主语或逻辑宾语。
It is no use(no good, no point, no sense, a waste of time等名词) + doing sth.
It is good ( nice, interesting, useless等形容词) + doing sth.;
The enemy soldiers had no choice but to surrender.敌军没有选择只好投降。
On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TV.
What I have to do is take a rest.
3
(完整版)英语专业四级语法和词汇总结
1.nothing but意“ ，只不〞；anything but意“除⋯之外的任何事〞；none other than意“不是人，正是⋯〞； no more than意“不，〞。
2.A. taxes B. payment 付款 C. fees 手、入、会 D. premium津酬金3. A. display 显现型表演 B. performance 文表演 C. show 展会 D. exhibition售性的展会4.No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything ____going on in the world.A. it isB. as isC. there is在以there be的定从句中，如关系代作主，关系代即可省略 D. what is5. A. set out 开始 as/in/on B. set off 使做某事 C. set up 开 ,开始商 D. set about开始、着手6.proliferation散fair会、交易会7.tumble to 突然察come to 意“降，生8.understand better than...意“ ⋯特别理解〞9.go with 意“与⋯相当〞；go by 意“依照⋯作出判断〞；go through 意“通；〞；go out 意“ 〞go into意“叙述；10.on principle 意“依照行准；依照原〞；in principle 意“原上；根本上；大体上〞。
for 与 by 不与 principle 搭配。
11.take over 意“接收，接收〞；take up 意“开始采用；采用，担当〞； take off 意“脱去；拿掉〞；take to 意“开始从事；开始沦落于〞。
12.know better than to do sth知道不做某事13. in one’ s honor⋯的荣誉on one ’ s honor以名誉担保 a point of honor 涉及荣誉的事14.might as well 后接原形，意“不如，何不〞15.call for 意“要求，需要〞； call on 意“号召，求〞 ;callup 意“令人想起〞；call off意“取消，停止做〞。
(完整版)专业四级词汇+语法共1000题 1-20
(完整版)专业四级词汇+语法共1000题 1-20高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解答Test One1。
Although ____ Spanish, he attended the course。
A. he was knowing B。
he is knowing C。
having a knowledge of D. knows2. You ____ that letter to James. However，you didn’t。
A. ought to writeB. ought to have written C。
should write D。
should be writing 3。
Joseph was very lucky ____ with his life; he almost did not get out of the room.A. to escapeB. to have escaped C。
to escaping D。
to be escaping4。
Bread and butter ____ liked by Westerners。
A。
is B. are C. were D. be5。
The back garden of our house contains a lawn， ____ very pleasant to sit on in summer。
A。
which is B. which it is C. it is D。
where it is6. He set up in business ____ his own and was very successful.A。
in B. of C. on D。
by7。
John’s score on the test is the highest in the class; he ____ last night。
四级高频词汇总表(2000个)
1.campus n. （大学）校园2.typical a. 典型的3.effective a. 有效的；给人印象深刻的；实际的4.scholarship n. 奖学金；学问5.savingn. 节省；（pl.）储蓄金6.currenta. 当前的；流行的 n. 潮流；电流7.likely a. 可能的；适合的 ad. 可能8.package n. 包裹；一揽子交易 vt. 包装9.tuition n. 教学；学费10.amount n. 数量；总数 vi. 合计；接近11.profile n. 轮廓；姿态 vt. 为…描绘12.tend vi. 往往会；趋向 vt. 照管13.benefit n. 益处；救济金 vt. 有益于 vi. 得益14.proportion n. 比例；部分；均衡15.dean n. 教长；系主任16.liberal a. 开明的；自由的；慷慨的17.private a. 私人的；秘密的；私立的 n. 士兵18.council n. 委员会，理事会19.action n. 行动；作用；情节20.risk n. 危险 vt. 冒…的危险21.blur n. 模糊 v. （使）变模糊22.truly ad. 真正地；忠实地23.vice n. 缺点；邪恶24.loan n. 贷款 vt. 借出25.acknowledge vt. 承认；确认；报偿26.artistic a. 艺术（家）的；富有艺术性的27.performance n. 表演；履行；表现28.exceptional a. 杰出的；异常的29.coach n. 教练；长途公共汽车；旅客车厢 vt. 指导30.creative a. 有创造力的31.fashion n. 方式；流行款式32.pursue vt. 继续；追赶；追求33.revise vt. 修订；复习 vi. 复习34.attitude n. 态度；姿势35.evila. 邪恶的 n. 罪恶36.cash n. 现款 vt. 把…兑现37.brand n. 商标的牌子 vt. 打烙印于；加污名于38.pose vt. 造成；提出 vi. 摆姿势；假装 n. 样子39.gym n. 体育馆40.terrifica. 极妙的；极大的41.yield vi. 屈服；倒塌 vt. 产生；让出 n. 产量42.imply vt. 暗示43.indifferent a. 冷漠的；一般的44.somewhat ad. 稍微，有点45.anyway ad. 不管怎么说pute v. 计算，估算47.data n. 数据，资料48.semester n. 学期49.register n. 登记 v. 登记；指示；表示；注意到；挂号50.inevitable a. 不可避免的51.frustrate vt. 使沮丧；挫败52.patience n. 耐心bine v. 结合，联合54.specific a. 特定的；明确的 n. （pl.）详情55.challenge n. 艰巨的任务；怀疑；挑战 vt. 反对56.outer a. 外面的；远离中心的57.volcano n. 火山58.essential a. 必不可少的；本质的 n. 要素；必需品59.oxygen n. 氧气60.besides ad. 而且 prep. 除…之外（还）61.admission n. 准许进入；入场费；承认62.museum n. 博物馆63.responsible a. 需负责任的；有责任感的；责任重大的64.interview n./vt. 会见；面试65.candidate n. 申请求职者；投考者；候选人66.contact n. 联系；熟人；触点 vt. 与…取得联系67.puzzle v. （使）迷惑；（使）苦思 n. 智力测验，谜；难题68.resume v. 恢复 n. 摘要；简历69.response n. 回答；反应70.worthy a. （of）值得的；可尊敬的71.workshop n. 车间，工场；研讨会72.confess v. 坦白；承认73.authority n. 权力；官方；当权者；权威74.avert vt. 避免；转移75.perceive vt. 感知；认识到76.diverse a. 不同的；多种多样的77.expand v. 扩张；膨胀78.assumption n. 假定；担任79.employer n. 雇主80.invalid a. 无效的；站不住脚的 n. 病弱者81.bias n. 偏心 vt. 使有偏见82.distinct a. 有区别的；清楚的；明确的83.estate n. 土地；财产；庄园84.recruit vt. 招募，吸收 n. 新兵，新成员85.illustrate vt. 说明；给…做插图说明86.potential a. 潜在的 n. 潜力87.profession n. 职业；同行；公开表示88.executive n. 主管；行政部门 a. 行政的89.supervise v. 监督，管理90.management n. 管理；管理部门91.impose vt. （on）把…强加于；征（税等）92.embarrass vt. 使尴尬93.ignorance n. 无知94.lunar a. 月的，月球的95.calendar n. 日历96.inclusive a. 包括一切的97.internal a. 内的；国内的；内心的98.contract n. 合同 v. 缩小；订合同；感染99.discard vt. 抛弃100.stereotype n. 陈规，老套 vt. 对…形成固定看法101.enhance vt. 提高，增加102.reinforce vt. 增强103.peer n. 同龄人；贵族 vt. 仔细看104.contrary a. 相反的 n. 相反事物105.fundamental a. 基本的 n. 基本原则106.shift v. 转移 n. 转变；（轮或换）班107.stem n. 茎；词干 v. （from）起源于；止住108.ridvt. （of）使摆脱，从…中清除109.participant n. 参与者110.readily ad. 乐意地；容易地；很快地111.approve v. 赞成；批准112.confirm vt. 证实；确认；批准113.accuse vt. 指控114.rescue vt./n. 营救115.investv. 投资；投入；授予116.thrill n. 兴奋 v. （使）非常兴奋117.application n. 申请；应用；敷用118.generous a. 慷慨的；宽厚的；大量的119.depress vt. 使沮丧；削弱；按下120.selfish a. 自私的121.manual a. 手工做的，体力的 n. 手册122.temporary a. 暂时的123.unfortunately ad. 遗憾的是124.assure vt. 使确信；确保125.swift a. 迅速的；敏捷的126.contaminate vt. 污染127.amateur n. 业余爱好者 a. 外行的128.hazard n. 危险 vt. 尝试着做；冒…风险129.continual a. 不间断的；频频的130.lean v. 倾斜；靠 a. 瘦的；贫乏的131.betray vt. 背叛；失信于；泄露；暴露132.battery n. 电池；排炮；一系列133.atmosphere n. 大气层；空气；环境134.boast v. 夸耀；以拥有…而自豪 n. 自吹自擂135.inherit vt. 继承136.depict vt. 描绘137.worship vt./n. 崇拜；敬奉138.counsel n. 律师；劝告 vt. 提议139.concentrate v. 全神贯注；集中；浓缩 n. 浓缩物140.hypothesis n. 假说，前提141.disposal n. 丢掉；布置142.plastic n. 塑料；信用卡 a. 塑料的，可塑的143.approach v. 靠近 n. 靠近；途径；方法144.shove v. 乱推，挤；乱塞；随意放 n. 猛推145.valid a. 有根据的；有效的146.territory n. 领土；领域147.acquaintance n. 熟人；认识，了解148.property n. 财产；房产；性质149.neglect vt. 忽略 n. 疏忽150.concern n. 关心；关系；公司 vt. 有关于；使担心151.stress n. 压力；强调；重音 vt. 强调，重读152.preface n. 序言153.straightforward a. 径直的；正直的；易懂的154.prevail vi. 流行；占优势；说服155.punishment n. 惩罚156.uneasy a. 心神不安的，担心的157.debate n./v. 辩论158.handle vt. 处理；操作；拿 n. 柄159.scare n. 惊恐 vt. 使害怕 vi. 受惊吓160.swear v. 诅咒；宣誓，发誓161.courtesy n. 谦恭有礼162.code n. 准则；密码 vt. 把…编码163.surround vt. 包围；围绕164.protective a. 保护的165.negotiate v. 协商；顺利通过166.boundaryn. 边界167.sector n. 部门，部分；防区；扇形168.notion n. 概念；想法modity n. 商品170.appearance n. 出现；外表171.achievementn. 成就；实现mitment n. 承诺；信奉；承担的义务173.leap v. 跳，跃；急速行动 n. 跳跃；激增174.intervene vi. 干涉；干扰175.behalf n. 利益，方面176.dignity n. 庄严；尊严177.congratulate vt. 祝贺178.criticize vt. 批评；评论179.discourage vt. 使泄气；阻止180.overwhelm vt. 使受不了；征服d a. 温和的，温柔的；温暖的；轻微的182.arise vi. 出现；（from）（由…）引起；起身183.impatient a. 不耐烦的；热切的184.respond vi. 回答；（to）做出反应185.style n. 风格；式样 vt. 设计186.mechanic n. 技工；（-s）力学；（pl.）过程187.porter n. 搬运工人；看门人188.carpenter n. 木工189.frame n. 框架；构架；体格 vt. 给…镶框；陷害；制定190.inquiry/enquiry n. 询问；调查191.vacant a. 未被占用的；空缺的；茫然的192.abstract a. 抽象的 n. 摘要 vt. 做…的摘要；提取193.invitation n. 邀请；请柬；吸引194.slim a. 苗条的；薄的；少的 v. 减轻体重195.qualify v. （使）胜任，（使）具有资格196.renew v. 重新开始；更新；延长有效期197.personnel n. 人员；人事部门198.website n. 网站199.utilize vt. 利用200.retire vi. 退休，退役；退出；就寝201.scheme n. 计划；阴谋 v. 密谋202.trial n. 审判；试用；讨厌的人（或事物）203.advertise v. 公布；做广告204.flexible a. 易弯曲的；灵活的205.profitable a. 有利可图的，有益的206.finance n. 财政；资金 vt. 为…提供资金207.acre n. 英亩208.function n. 功能；重大聚会；函数 vi. 运行209.coordinate vt. 协调 n. 座标 a. 同等的210.resident n. 居民；住院医生 a. 居住的；住院的211．Controversial a. 有争议的212．Privilege n. 特权213．neighbo(u)rhood n. 四邻；邻近地区214．Merchant n. 商人215.hook n. 钩，钩状物 vt. 钩住216.differ vi. 不同；发生分歧217.numerous a. 众多的218.existence n. 存在；生存219.vary vi. 变化 vt. 改变，使不同220.related a. 与…有亲戚关系的；有关系的221.recreation n. 娱乐活动，消遣222.media n. 新闻媒介223.selection n. 选择224.advertisement/ad n. 广告；宣传225.target n. 目标，靶子 vt. 瞄准226.agency n. 代理行；专业行政部门227.appropriate a. 适当的 vt. 私占；拨出（款项等）供专用228.attractive a. 有吸引力的229.medium a. 中等的，适中的 n. 媒质；新闻媒介；手段230.impress vt. 给…以深刻的印象；压印231.image n. 形象；印象；图像；形象的描述232.vehicle n. 交通工具；传播媒介233.channel n. 频道；渠道；沟渠；海峡234.segment n. 部分，片段；瓣235.available a. 现成可使用的；可得到的236.sheer a. 完全的；陡峭的；极薄的 ad. 陡峭地 vi. 急转向237.expose vt. 暴露；使处于…作用之下；揭露238.digital a. 数字的239.device n. 装置；策略mercial a. 商业的；商品化的 n. 商业广告work n. 网状物；广播网；网络242.cable n. 缆绳；电缆；电报 vt. 给…发电报243.annual a. 每年的 n. 年报；一年生的植物244.revenue n. 收入；税收245.delivery n. 投递；分娩；演讲246.conjunction n. 连接，联合；连词247.Internet n. 因特网248.disperse v. 分散；消散249.entertain v. 款待；给…娱乐250.shelter n. 掩蔽处；住所；掩蔽 v. 庇护251.decrease v./n. 减小，减少252.prominent a. 突出的；突起的253.persuasion n. 说服；信念254.revolutionary a. 革命的，革新的 n. 革命者255.replace vt. 取代；更换；把…放回原处256.pace n. （一）步；速度 vi. 踱步257.update vt. 更新，使现代化 n. 最新信息258.injury n. 损害；受伤处259.twist v. 使缠绕；扭伤；转身；曲折前进 n. 弯曲；转变260.heal v. 愈合，使康复；调停261.balcony n. 阳台；楼厅262.tragic a. 悲惨的；悲剧（性）的263.occasion n. 时刻，场合；时机；起因 vt. 引起264.tedious a. 乏味的265.plot n. 故事情节；密谋；小块地皮 v. 密谋；绘图plicated a. 复杂的267.extensive a. 广阔的；广泛的268.appliance n. 器具269.disguise vt. 假扮；伪装；掩盖 n. 伪装270.welfare n. 福利271.accent n. 口音；重音 vt. 重读272.senior a. 资格较老的；年长的 n. 较年长者；毕业班学生273.rob vt. 抢劫，盗窃；（of）剥夺274.pension n. 养老金 vt. 发给…养老金275.flash vi. 闪烁；飞驰；闪现 n. 闪烁；闪光灯276.luxury n. 奢侈（品）277.consultant n. 顾问；会诊医师278.cruise vi. 航游；缓慢巡行 n. 航游279.orient vt. 使适应；使朝向 n. 东方280.collective a. 集体的 n. 集体281.survival n. 幸存；幸存者282.violence n. 暴力；猛烈283.depression n. 抑郁；萧条（期）；洼地284.financial a. 财政的，金融的285.breed n. 品种 v. 繁殖；养育；酿成286.divorce n./v. 离婚；分离287.blend v. （使）混和 n. 混合物；混和288.circular a. 圆形的；循环的 n. 通知289.toll n. 过路费；伤亡人数 v. 敲（钟）290.married a. 已婚的291.locate vt. 探明，找出；使坐落于292.bankrupt a. 破产的；彻底缺乏的 vt. 使破产 n. 破产者293.leasen. 租约 vt. 出租；租得294.greenhouse n. 温室295.secure a. 安全的；牢固的 vt. 得到；使安全；缚牢296.cultivate vt. 耕作；培养297.gloomy a. 忧郁的；令人沮丧的；昏暗的298.witness n. 目击者；证据 vt. 目击；证明299.emerge vi. 出现；暴露300.advanced a. 先进的；高级的；年迈的301.elect v. 选举；选择302.instrument n. 工具；乐器petition n. 竞争，比赛304.primary a. 首要的；最初的305.means n. 方法；金钱306.talent n. 才能，天资；人才307.obtain vt. 获得 vi. 通用petitive a. 竞争的；好竞争的；有竞争力的309.border n. 边缘；边界 v. 邻接；近似310.powerful a. 强大的，有力的；强壮的311.integrate v. （使）成为一体312.mutual a. 相互的；共同的313.stability n. 稳定314.conscious a. 意识到的；神志清醒的；有意的315.represent vt. 作为…的代表；象征；描绘316.humanity n. 人类；人性；人道；人文学科317.reverse v. 撤销；使反向，倒转 n. 反面；挫折 a. 相反的318.award vt. 授予；判给 n. 奖319.undergraduate n. 大学本科生320.institution n. 社会公共机构；制度；设立321.engineering n. 工程322.faculty n. 能力；系，学院；全体教员323.graduate n. 毕业生；研究生 a. 研究生的 v. 毕业324.participate vi. （in）参加325.resource n. 资源；办法326.trend n. 趋势；时尚327.portion n. 一部分，一份 vt. （out）分配328.institute n. 学院 vt. 建立329.genetic a. 遗传的 n. （-s）遗传学330.collaboration n. 合作；勾结331.colleague n. 同事332.facility n. 设备；便利boratory/lab n. 实验室334.arrangement n. 安排；布置335.consistent a. 坚持的；一致的336.circuit n. 电路；环行337.link v. 连接 n. 环节338.industrial a. 工业的339.sustain vt. 保持；供养；支撑；经受340.politician n. 政治家，政客341.economic a. 经济的 n. （-s）经济学；经济状况342.fund n. 基金；储备；存款 vt. 为…提供资金343.inflation n. 通货膨胀；膨胀344.steady a. 稳的；稳定的；稳重的 v. （使）平稳345.dramatic a. 引人注目的；戏剧（性）的 n. （-s）戏剧表演346.corresponding a. 相应的；一致的347.enrol(l) v. 入学；招收348.objection n. 反对349.being n. 人；存在350.threaten v. 威胁351.grasp vt./n. 抓紧；理解352.immigrant n. 移民353.strengthen vt. 加强，巩固354.ambassador n. 大使355.arrange v. 安排；布置356.sufficient a. 足够的，充分的357.reception n. 招待会；接受；接待；接收效果358.suggestion n. 建议；暗示359.confuse vt. 使困惑；混淆；混乱eless a. 无用的361.athlete n. 运动员362.jam n. 果酱；堵塞；卡住 v. 挤满；卡住；干扰363.passport n. 护照364.relax v. 放松；放宽365.thirst n. 渴；渴望 vi. 渴望366.salary n. 薪水367.expense n. 花费；（pl.）开支368.addition n. 加法；增加的人或物369.instruct vt. 指示；教育370.enrich vt. 充实，使丰富；使富裕371.conceal vt. 隐藏372.generally ad. 通常；普遍地373.aware a. 意识到的374.seal n. 封条；图章；海豹 vt. （密）封mit vt. 犯（错误、罪行等）；使承担义务；托付376.suicide n. 自杀；自取灭亡377.disorder n. 混乱；骚乱；失调378.edit vt. 编辑，校订；主编；剪辑379.shortly ad. 立刻；不耐烦地380.timely a. 及时的381.privacy n. 个人自由；隐私382.hunt n./v. 打猎；搜寻；追逐383.theft n. 偷窃，失窃384.fraud n. 欺诈；骗子385.deceive vt. 欺骗386.associate v. 把…联系在一起；结合；交往 n. 伙伴 a. 副的387.estimate n./vt. 估计；评价388.victim n. 牺牲品，受害者389.absolute a. 绝对的；不受任何限制的390.epidemic n. 流行病；流传 a. 流传极广的391.advocate vt. 主张 n. 拥护者；律师392.detect vt. 发现；查明393.unlike prep. 和…不同394.unique a. 唯一的，独特的；极不寻常的395.account n. 记述；账户 vi. （for）说明…的原因；占396.personally ad. 亲身；作为个人；就我来说397.authorize vt. 授权398.debt n. 欠款，负债399.substantial a. 大量的；牢固的；实质的400.additional a. 额外的401.restore vt. 恢复；修复；归还402.reputation n. 名声munity n. 社区；团体；群落404.erroneous a. 错误的405.criminal n. 罪犯 a. 犯罪的406.automatic a. 自动的；不假思索的 n. 自动手枪407.solicitor n. 初级律师，事务律师408.delete vt. 删除409.exposure n. 暴露；揭发；曝光410.protection n. 保护411.objective n. 目标 a. 客观的412.assume vt. 假定；担任；呈现413.option n. 选择（权）；（供）选择的事物（或人）414.anonymous a. 匿名的；无特色的415.category n. 种类，类416.display n./vt. 陈列，展览；显示417.apply vi. 申请；适用 vt. 实施；涂418.safeguard vt. 维护 n. 预防措施419.representative n. 代表 a. 有代表性的420.assign vt. 选派；指定；分配421.employment n. 工作；雇用，使用422.specifically ad. 特别地；明确地423.eliminate vt. 排除；淘汰424.reference n. 提到；参考；参考书目；证明书（或人）425.solution n. 解决；溶液426.relevant a. 有关的，切题的427.confidential a. 秘密的；表示信任的；担任机密工作的428.background n. 背景429.minor a. 较小的；次要的 n. 未成年人；副修科目 vi. 副修430.offence/-se n. 犯规，违法行为；冒犯431.apparent a. 显然的；表面上的432.submit v. 屈服；提交；主张433.appeal n./v. 呼吁，恳求；吸引力；上诉 vi. 诉诸434.interrupt v. 打断，打扰435.marvel(l)ous a. 惊人的436.absent a. 缺席的；不存在的；心不在焉的437.owing a. 应付的438.offend vt. 冒犯；使厌恶；违反439.undergo vt. 经历，遭受440.conference n. 会议；商谈pensation n. 补偿的款物；赔偿442.suite n. 套间；一套家具；套，系列443.assist v./n. 帮助444.thrive vi. 兴旺，繁荣445.limp a. 软弱的；软的 vi. 蹒跚 n. 跛行446.cripple n. 跛子 vt. 使跛；严重削弱447.fascinate vt. 强烈地吸引，迷住448.favo(u)rite a. 特别受喜爱的 n. 特别喜爱的人（或物）449.portrait n. 肖像450.gaze v./n. 注视451.horizon n. 地平线；（pl.）眼界452.intelligent a. 聪明的mute vi. 经常乘车（或船等）往返于两地;vt. 减（刑）；折合 n. 上下班交通454.diagnose vt. 诊断455.breakdown n. 垮台；衰竭；损坏；分类456.recognize vt. 认出；确认；赏识457.release vt./n. 释放；解除；放开；发布458.publicity n. 公众的注意；宣传459.collapse vi./n. 倒坍；崩溃460.unconscious a. 失去知觉的；无意识的461.festival n. 节日462.crisis n. 危机；决定性时刻463.weary a. 疲劳的；令人厌倦的 vi. 厌烦464.diet n. 日常饮食；特种饮食 vi. 节食465.guarantee vt./n. 保证 n. 保证书466.emotional a. 令人动情的；情绪激动的；感情的467.exhaust vt. 使筋疲力尽；用光；详尽论述 n. 排气装置；废气468.encounter vt./n. 遇到，遭遇469.obligation n. 义务，责任470.utter vt. 说 a. 完全的471.despite prep. 尽管472.observe vt. 注意到；观察；评说；遵守473.nonetheless ad. 尽管如此474.optimism n. 乐观，乐观主义475.barely ad. 仅仅，几乎不476.drag v. 拖；迫使；拖着脚步走；拖延 n. 累赘；一吸477.finite a. 有限的；限定的478.positive a. 确实的；积极的；正的479.practically ad. 几乎；实际上480.impact n./v. 影响；冲击481.gradual a. 逐渐的；不陡的482.leak v. （使）漏；泄露 n. 漏洞；泄漏483.plug n. 插头，插座；塞子 vt. 把…塞住484.routine n. 例行公事 a. 例行的485.spur n. 刺激（物），激励 vt. 促进486.nevertheless ad. 仍然487.alter v. 改变488.tune n. 曲子 vt. 为（乐器）调音；调节489.reclaim vt. 要回；开垦；回收490.stale a. 不新鲜的；陈腐的491.shortage n. 缺少492.investment n. 投资；投入493.donate v. 捐赠494.process n. 过程；工序；（法律）程序 vt. 加工，处理495.deprive vt. （of）剥夺496.amuse vt. 逗乐；给…提供娱乐497.decorate vt. 装饰498.client n. 委托人，顾客499.tender a. 嫩的；疼痛的；温柔的 v. 提出；投标 n. 投标500.desirable a. 值得想望的；可取的501.define vt. 给…下定义；限定502.bid n. 企图；投标 vi. 喊价，投标 vt. 出（价）；祝；命令503.farewell n. 告别，欢送会504.view n. 看法；观察；景色 vt. 看待；观察505.recommend vt. 推荐；劝告；使成为可取506.drain v. 排走；渐渐耗尽 n. 耗竭；排水管507.burden n. 重担；负荷 vt. 加重压于；装载508.alternative a. 供选择的；另类的 n. 抉择；选择的自由509.quit v. 停止，放弃；离开510.magic n. 魔术；魔力 a. 有魔力的tter n. 后者 a. 后者的；后一半的512.former a. 以前的 n. 前者513.concrete a. 具体的 n. 混凝土514.efficient a. 效率高的515.circulate v. （使）循环；散布516.fossil n. 化石；老顽固517.cite vt. 引用；传唤；表彰518.contribute v. 捐献；促成；投稿unch vt. 发动；使开始从事；使（船）下水；发射 n. 发射，投产520.bar n. 酒吧间；条；（门、窗等）闩；律师界 vt. 闩；阻止；封锁521.personality n. 个性；人物522.spot n. 地点；污点；少量 vt. 认出；玷污523.beforehand ad. 预先524.crash v. 碰撞，坠落；发出撞击声；垮台 n. 碰撞；破裂声525.overtake vt. 超过；突然降临于526.sightseeing n. 观光527.historical a. 历史（上）的528.saint n. 圣徒；圣人；（S-）圣529.fantastic a. 极好的；难以相信的；异想天开的；奇异的530.fairy n. 小仙子531.publish vt. 出版；公布532.originate vi. 起源于 vt. 创造533.ancient a. 古代的；年老的534.pop vi. 突然出现；发出砰的响声 n. 流行音乐；砰的一声535.grab v. 抓取；赶紧做；抓住 n. 抓，夺536.wrinkle n. 皱纹 v. （使）起皱纹537.invisible a. 看不见的538.platform n. 平台；站台；纲领539.memorial a. 纪念的 n. 纪念碑540.dictate v./n. 口授；命令541.accommodate vt. 容纳；向…提供住处（或膳宿）；使适应542.pave vt. 铺（路），铺筑543.specification n. 规格；明确说明；说明书544.drainage n. 排水系统；排水545.wisdom n. 明智；智慧546.ribbon n. 丝带；色带547.federal a. 联邦的，联邦政府的548.tremendous a. 巨大的；精彩的549.demonstrate vt. 论证；说明；显示 vi. 举行示威游行550.restrict vt. 限制551.congress n. 代表大会；国会，议会552.hail n. 雹；一阵 vi. 下雹 vt. 招呼；为…喝彩553.steep a. 陡的；过高的；急剧的 vt. 浸泡554.variable a. 易变的；可变的 n. 可变因素555.slope n. 斜坡；倾斜 v. （使）倾斜556.intensity n. 强烈；强度557.underlying a. 含蓄的，潜在的558.urban a. 城市的559.overpass n. 天桥，立交桥560.bypass n. 旁道；分流术 vt. 绕过；置…于不顾561.weave v. 织，编562.fort n. 堡垒 a. 强壮的563.invaluable a. 非常宝贵的，无价的564.barrier n. 栅栏；障碍；屏障565.entry n. 参赛的人（或物）；进入；入口处；登记566.curve n. 曲线；弯曲部 v. （使）弯曲567.remote a. 遥远的；关系疏远的；绝少的；孤高的568.cherish vt. 珍爱；抚育；怀有569.mobile a. 运动的；机动的；多变的 n. 移动电话570.element n. 元素；成分；基础571.creation n. 创造；产物；宇宙572.freight n. 货物 vt. 运送（货物）573.rail n. 栏杆；铁轨；铁路 vi. 咒骂，抱怨574.route n. 路线，路程575.spin v. 旋转；晕眩；织；绞干 n. 旋转576.motel n. 汽车旅馆577.manufacture vt./n. 制造 n. （pl.）制造品578.residential a. 居住的，住宅的；寄宿的579.hono(u)r n. 名誉；尊敬；荣幸；（pl.）优异成绩 vt. 给…以荣誉；尊敬580.vision n. 想象（力），幻想；视力581.leadership n. 领导，领导层582.transportation n. 运输583.dynamic a. 有活力的；不断变化（或增长）的；动力的 n. 动力；（-s）动力学584.mere a. 仅仅的；纯粹的585.alliance n. 联盟586.spite n. 恶意，怨恨587.consideration n. 考虑；体贴588.installation n. 装置；安装；就任589.recognition n. 认出；确认；赏识590.mess n. 凌乱状态；困境 vt. 弄糟591.anyhow ad. 无论如何；随随便便地592.sensitive a. 敏感的；神经过敏的；易受伤害的593.forecast n./vt. 预测594.reliable a. 可靠的595.tolerate vt. 容许；容忍596.appointment n. 约会；任命；委任的职位597.resign vi. 辞职 vt. 辞去，放弃；使顺从598.insurance n. 保险；保证599.deserve vt. 应受，值得600.bond n. 联结；黏结剂；公债；契约 v. （使）黏合601.hum v. 哼曲子；发嗡嗡声；忙碌 n. 嘈杂声602.entitle vt. 给…权利；给…题名603.dental a. 牙齿的604.seminar n. （大学的）研究班，研讨会605.boring a. 乏味的606.philosophy n. 哲学；哲理607.literature n. 文学，文学作品；文献608.transfer v./n. 转移；调动，转学；转车609.allowance n. 津贴，零用钱610.decay vi. 腐烂；衰落 n. 腐烂；衰败状态611.religious a. 宗教的；虔诚的press vt. 压缩613.hell n. 地狱；极不愉快的经历（或事）614.propose v. 提议；提名；打算；求婚615.underground a. 地下的；秘密的 ad. 在地下；秘密地 n. 地铁；地下组织plex a. 复合的；复杂的 n. 综合体；情结617.simplify vt. 简化618.whistle v. 吹口哨；呼啸而过 n. 哨子，汽笛；口哨声619.schedule n. 时刻表；明细表 vt. 安排620.considerate a. 体贴的621.productive多产的；富有成效的622.integral a. 构成整体所必需的623.vent n. 通风口；开衩 vt. 表达，发泄624.conflict n./vi. 冲突625.setting n. 环境，背景；调节626.gossip n. 流言飞语；爱说长道短的人 vi. 说长道短627.interfere vi. 干涉；干扰628.feedback n. 反馈629.criticism n. 批评；评论630.reassure vt. 使放心631.sticky a. 黏的；湿热的；困难的632.diminish v. 变少，变小，降低633.defiance n. 违抗，藐视ment n. 评论；闲话 vt. 评论635.counter n. 柜台；筹码；计数器 vt. 反驳 ad. 反方向地636.environment n. 环境637.adopt vt. 收养；采用；批准638.saying n. 谚语639.treatment n. 治疗，疗法；对待640.consult vt. 请教；查阅 vi. 商议641.tutor n. 导师；家庭教师 v. 当家庭教师642.extreme a. 极度的；末端的 n. 极端643.necessarily ad. 必要地；必然地644.swing v. 摇摆；旋转；突然转向 n. 摇摆；秋千645.furnish vt. 布置；提供，装备646.cupboard n. 碗橱647.anniversary n. 周年纪念（日）648.cancel vt. 取消；抵消；删去649.reservation n. 预订；保留；居留地650.vessel n. 船；容器；导管，血管651.pressure n. 压（力）；强制 vt. 对…施加压力，说服652.dive n./vi. 潜水；俯冲653.character n. 性格；特性；人物；（汉）字654.explore v. 勘探；探索655.confusion n. 困惑；混淆；混乱656.hostile a. 敌意的；敌方的657.beneath prep. 在…下面；低于；在…掩盖下；连…也不值得ad. 在下方658.architecture n. 建筑学；建筑式样659.artificial a. 人造的；矫揉造作的660.yawn vi. 打呵欠 n. 呵欠661.painful a. 疼痛的；困难的662.cycle n. 自行车，摩托车；循环 vi. 骑自行车；循环663.peak n. 山峰，顶点 vi. 达到高峰 a. 最大值的664.stretch v. 伸展，延伸；使倾注全力 n. 一段时间；伸展665.avoid vt. 避免666.concentration 专注；集中；浓缩667.intimate a. 亲密的；私人的 n. 密友 vt. 暗示668.leisure n. 闲暇；悠闲669.saddle n. 鞍；车座 vt. 给…装鞍；使承担任务670.curl n. 鬈发；卷曲 v. 卷；缭绕671.chip n. 碎片；炸土豆条；集成电路片；瑕疵；筹码 vt. 削下672.snack n. 快餐，点心673.charm n. 魅力；符咒 vt. 吸引674.saturate vt. 使湿透；使充满；使饱和675.strategy n. 战略，策略676.belief n. 相信；信念677.consumer n. 消费者678.concept n. 概念，观念，思想679.instance n. 例子680.perception n. 感知（能力）；观念681.expansion n. 扩展；膨胀682.deny vt. 否认；拒绝给予683.imperial a. 帝国的；英制的684.enterprise n. 事业；进取心；企业单位685.domestic a. 国内的；家（庭）的；驯养的686.promising a. 有希望的，有前途的687.spoil vt. 损坏；宠坏 vi. 变质 n. （pl.）战利品，赃物688.render vt. 使得；给予；翻译689.behavio(u)r n. 行为；运转情况690.upset vt. 使心烦意乱；打乱；弄翻 n. 不安；不适 a. 心烦的691.somehow ad. 用某种方法；不知怎么地692.improvement n. 改进；改进处693.resort vi. （to）求助，诉诸 n. 求助，诉诸；求助的对象；胜地694.genuine a.非人造的；真诚的695.permission n. 许可696.acceptable a. 可接受的697.vague a. 含糊的，模糊的698.involve vt. 包含；使卷入；牵涉699.tolerant a. 宽容的700.infer vt. 推断701.dread vt./n. 担忧，畏惧702.dizzy a. 头晕目眩的plaint n. 诉苦；投诉；疾病704.stroke n. 中风；一次努力；划桨；击；报时的钟声；笔划；抚摸 vt. 抚摸705.altitude n. 高度；（pl.）高处706.syndrome n. 综合病症；一系列表现707.panic n. 惊慌 v. （使）恐慌708.legislation n. 法律；立法709.attendant n. 服务人员 a. 随之而产生的710.instal(l) vt. 安装；使就职711.kit n. 成套工具；配套元件 vt. （out）装备712.survey n./vt. 调查；测量；全面审视713.incident n. 发生的事；事件714.disaster n. 灾难；彻底的失败715.confront vt. 迎面遇到；正视；使对质716.sum n. 总数；金额；算术 vi. 共计717.inspire vt. 鼓舞；给…以灵感mand n./ vt. 命令；指挥；掌握 vt. 值得；俯瞰719.confine vt. 限制；使不外出 n. （pl.）界限720.harsh a. 严厉的；刺耳的721.adapt vt. 使适应；修改 vi. （to）适应722.rate n. 速度；比率；价格 vt. 评估；给…定级；值得vi. 被评价723.outline n. 提纲；外形 vt. 概述；描…外形724.skim vt. 瞥；掠过；浏览，略读 vi. 浏览，略读725.hint n. 暗示；（常pl.）建议 v. 暗示726.bulk n. （巨大）物体；主体；（大）量; v. 变得越来越大（或重要）727.preparation n. 准备（工作）；制剂728.purchase vt./n. 购买729.convenience n. 方便；便利设施730.accurate a. 正确无误的；精确的731.stuff n. 原料，材料 vt. 填进，塞满；让…吃饱732.cope vi. （with）应付733.retail v./n./ad. 零售734.advantage n. 优点；好处735.item n. 条，条款，项目；一条736.shed vt. 脱落；流出；发出；摆脱 n. 棚屋737.household n. 家庭 a. 家用的；家喻户晓的738.excessive a. 过度的739.mortgage n. 抵押，抵押借款 vt. 抵押740.reserve vt. 保留；预订 n. 储备；保留；替补队员；自然保护区741.deduct vt. 扣除742.mall n. 购物中心743.nowhere ad. 任何地方都不744.flush n./v. 脸红 vt. 冲洗；赶出 a. 齐平的；充裕的745.definitely ad. 明确地；一定地746.original a. 起初的；独创的；原版的 n. 原件747.directly ad. 直接地；正好地；立即748.hatred n. 憎恨749.administration n. 管理；行政机关；执行750.grand a. 宏伟的；重大的；傲慢的；绝佳的；总的751.agent n. 代理商；政府代表；原因；剂752.alarm n. 惊恐；闹钟；警报 vt. 使惊恐753.decade n. 十年754.county n. 郡，县755.thorough a. 彻底的；仔细周到的p n. 膝上；一圈；一段 v. 舔；拍打757.sideways ad./a. 从一边（的）；在一边（的）；斜着（的）758.swallow v. 吞，咽；轻信；承受 n. 燕子；吞，咽759.tradition n. 传统760.entertainment n. 娱乐；款待761.slide v. （使）滑动；（使）悄悄地移动 n. 滑动；滑道；幻灯片762.temptation n. 诱惑763.tempt vt. 吸引；引诱764.loyalty n. 忠诚765.durable a. 耐用的，持久的766.engagement n. 订婚；约会767.ceremony n. 典礼；礼节768.union n. 工会，联盟；结合；团结769.crime n. 罪，犯罪770.identical a. （to, with）相同的771.relativity n. 相对论；相关性772.normally ad. 通常773.arrest vt. 逮捕；阻止；吸引 n. 逮捕774.impression n. 印象；印记775.dot n. 点，小圆点 vt. 打点于；点缀776.miracle n. 奇迹777.precise a. 精确的；严谨的778.fashionable a. 流行的779.referee n. 裁判员；证明人；仲裁者 v. 当裁判780.remark v./n. 说；（on）评论781.innocent a. （of）无罪的；没有恶意的；天真的782.solar a. 太阳的；太阳能的783.probe v. 探索；探测 n. 探测器；探索784.activity n. 活动；活跃785.carbon n. 碳786.nitrogen n. 氮787.create vt. 创造；引起788.bacteria n. 细菌789.primitive a. 原始的；简单的 n. 原（始）人790.formation n. 形成；形成物；排列791.error n. 错误792.facilitate vt. 使变得容易munication n. 交流794.emergency n. 紧急情况，非常时刻795.physician n. 内科医生796.discharge v. 允许…离开；排出；卸货；放电 n. 释放；放电797.amaze vt. 使大为惊奇798.version n. 版本；说法799.detail n. 细节；枝节 vt. 详述；列举800.episode n. 一个事件；插曲，连续剧的一集801.clue n. 线索802.conduct vt. 管理；指挥；传导；表现 n. 举止803.unusual a. 不平常的；独特的804.oral a. 口头的805.security n. 安全；抵押品；（pl.）证券806.enjoyable a. 使人快乐的pete vi. 竞争808.responsibility n. 责任；义务809.staff n. 全体人员 vt. 为…配备（人员）810.arbitrary a. 随意的；专断的811.motivate vt. 激励812.robot n. 机器人813.mechanical a. 机械的；力学的；呆板的814.individual a. 个别的；独特的 n. 个人815.identify v. 认出；认同816.era n. 时代，纪元rm vt. 通知 vi. 告发818.classify vt. 把…分类，把…分级819.album n. 相册820.appreciate vt. 重视，欣赏；为…表示感激；领会 vi. 增值821.establish vt. 建立；确定822.session n. 会议；集会823.issue n. 问题；发行；分发 v. 颁布；分发；流出824.finally ad. 最后825.predict vt. 预测826.quote v. 引用 n. 引文；报价；（pl.）引号827.tense a. 紧张的；绷紧的 v. （使）拉紧 n. 时态828.focus v. （使）聚集 n. 聚焦；中心rgely ad. 大部分830.charity n. 救济金；（常pl.）慈善团体；宽容831.intelligence n. 智力，智慧；情报832.possess vt. 拥有833.expectation n. 期待，预期；前程834.behave vi. 表现；运转835.outward a. 外表的，向外的 ad. （-(s)）向外836.source n. 源（泉），发源地；来源837.budget n. 预算 v. 做安排，规划 a. 低廉的838.ability n. 能力；才能839.necessity n. 必需品；必要（性）840.increasingly ad. 越来越多地mittee n. 委员会842.promote vt. 促进；提拔；推销843.worldwide a./ad. 世界范围（的）844.correct a. 正确的；合适的 vt. 改正845.fame n. 声誉，名声846.overseas ad./a. 在海外（的），在国外（的）847.discipline n. 纪律；训练；惩罚；学科 vt. 训练；惩罚848.concentration n. 专注；集中；浓缩849.opportunity n. 机会850.identity n. 身份；个性；同一性851.obstacle n. 障碍（物）852.guideline n. （常pl.）指导方针853.realm n. 领域；王国854.intention n. 意图855.ratio n. 比率856.indirect a. 间接的；婉转的857.considerable a. 相当大的，相当多的858.feasible a. 可行的859.conscience n. 良心860.asset n. 优点；（常pl.）财产861.ideal a. 理想的；空想的 n. 理想862.suspect vt. 推测；对…表示怀疑 n. 可疑分子 a. 可疑的863.distribution n. 分发；散布864.brief a. 短暂的；简短的 vt. 向…介绍基本情况 n. 摘要865.stack n. 整齐的一叠 vt. 堆放于866.succession n. 连续；一连串；接替867.presentation n. 提供；外观；授予；报告；表演868.awful a. 可怕的；难过的；非常的869.mansion n. 大厦，宅邸870.fluent a. 流利的871.inherent a. 内在的，固有的872.confidence n. 信任；信心873.academic a. 学院的；纯理论的 n. 大学教师874.eloquent a. 雄辩的；明白显示出的875.enormous a. 巨大的876.hinder vt. 妨碍877.mission n. 使命；代表团878.urge vt. 鼓励；催促 n. 强烈的欲望879.exemplify vt. 是…的典型；举例证明880.pledge n. 保证，誓言 vt. 保证，许诺881.fabric n. 织物，布；构造anic a. 有机的，有机物的883.undertake vt. 承担；同意，保证parable a. 可比较的；比得上的885.synthetic a. 合成的，人造的；虚假的886.nylon n. 尼龙887.switch v. 转变 n. 开关；转变888.influential a. 有影响的889.entrepreneur n. 企业家890.collection n. 收藏品；收取；聚集891.initiative n. 主动性；倡议；主动权892.transition n. 过渡，转变893.convert v. （使）转变；（使）改变信仰894.cute a. 漂亮的；聪明伶俐的895.convince vt. 使确信，使信服896.favo(u)rable a. 称赞的；有利的897.doubtful a. 难以预测的；可疑的898.devise vt. 发明，策划899.strand n. （线等的）股，缕；一个组成部分 vt. 使搁浅900.variation n. 变化；变体；变奏。
英语 专业四级 词汇语法辅导
第一讲：分词独立结构1．分词作状语时的逻辑主语少数情况下，其逻辑主语与句子主语不一致，分词用来修饰全句。
Judging from appearance, he seems to be a strong man. (=If we judge…) Generally speaking, the novel is not very inspiring.上述结构只限于为数不多的几个动词，比如：broadly speaking; considering; talking of; putting it mildly（说得客气一点）; regarding(touching, respecting) the plan（关于这个计划）; including…; pending the trial（在审讯期间）; excluding the captain（不包括船长）; barring accidents（若无意外）; granting that（即使）; strictly speaking; comparatively speaking; roughly speaking; calculating roughly; calculating strictly; taking all things into consideration（从各方面来说）; properly speaking等。
一般情况下，作状语的分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
2．分词的独立结构作状语的分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致，分词就应有自己的逻辑主语，这就构成了分词的独立结构。
独立结构一般在句首，也可在句尾，表伴随情况常在句尾。
其结构由逻辑主语（名词、代词）+分词构成，可表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况等。
在独立结构中，其逻辑主语可以是分词动作的执行者，也可是承受着；可以是现在分词，也可是过去分词，还可是分词的完成式或被动式。
1）逻辑主语+现在分词：这种结构表示主动意义。
英语专业四级语法专项训练
英语专业四级语法专项训练Introduction:As an English major, having a strong grasp of grammar is essential. The English Proficiency Test, also known as the CET-4, is an important examination for students majoring in English. In order to ace this exam, it is vital to excel in grammar. This article will provide a comprehensive training guide for grammar in the CET-4, covering key grammar rules, exercises, and tips to help students enhance their language skills.1. Parts of Speech:Understanding the different parts of speech is fundamental to mastering grammar. Here are the major parts of speech and their functions:1.1 Nouns: Nouns are words that name people, places, objects, or ideas.1.2 Pronouns: Pronouns are used to replace nouns in a sentence to avoid repetition.1.3 Verbs: Verbs express actions, states, or conditions in a sentence.1.4 Adjectives: Adjectives modify or describe nouns or pronouns.1.5 Adverbs: Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating time, place, manner, or degree.1.6 Prepositions: Prepositions show the relationship between nouns or pronouns and other words in a sentence.1.7 Conjunctions: Conjunctions connect words, phrases, or clauses within a sentence.1.8 Interjections: Interjections are words or phrases used to express strong emotions.2. Sentence Structure:Understanding sentence structure is crucial for constructing grammatically correct sentences. Here's a breakdown of sentence components:2.1 Subject: The subject of a sentence is the person, place, thing, or idea that performs the action of the verb.2.2 Predicate: The predicate of a sentence includes the verb and all the words that provide information about the subject.2.3 Object: The object receives the action of the verb and can be either direct or indirect.2.4 Complement: A complement is a word or group of words that completes the meaning of a sentence.3. Tenses:Correctly using verb tenses is essential for effective communication. The English language has twelve tenses, categorized into three main groups:3.1 Present Tense: This tense refers to actions happening at the present time.3.2 Past Tense: The past tense is used to indicate actions that have already happened.3.3 Future Tense: The future tense is used to express actions that will happen at a later time.4. Sentence Patterns:Mastering different sentence patterns can greatly enhance the quality of written and spoken English. Here are some common sentence patterns:4.1 Subject + VerbExample: She sings.4.2 Subject + Verb + ObjectExample: They eat apples.4.3 Subject + Verb + ComplementExample: He is a teacher.4.4 Subject + Verb + Object + ComplementExample: She made him happy.4.5 Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct ObjectExample: The teacher gave the students books.5. Common Grammar Mistakes:Knowing common grammar mistakes can help avoid errors in writing and improve overall language proficiency. Here are some frequently made mistakes and how to correct them:5.1 Confusing "Their," "There," and "They're"Example: Their book is on the table. (correct)There book is on the table. (incorrect)5.2 Misusing "Your" and "You're"Example: Your going to the party, right? (incorrect)You're going to the party, right? (correct)5.3 Errors in Subject-Verb AgreementExample: The dog and the cat is playing. (incorrect)The dog and the cat are playing. (correct)Conclusion:Mastering grammar is essential for success in the English Proficiency Test. By understanding the various parts of speech, sentence structure, verb tenses, sentence patterns, and common grammar mistakes, students can enhance their grammar skills significantly. Continuous practice, regular self-assessment, and seeking guidance from teachers or language resources will aid in achieving proficiency in grammar for the CET-4 exam and beyond.。
英语专业四级语法复习要点
英语专业四级语法复习要点一、名词名词是英语八大词类之一，用来表示人、动物、事物、地点等具体或抽象的事物。
名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分。
1. 可数名词可数名词可以用一个数词或代数词表示单数或复数。
需要注意以下几个要点：- 单数名词通常可以在前面加上不定冠词"a"或"an"表示单数，例如：a book（一本书）。
- 复数名词通常可以在前面加上不定冠词"some"或"any"表示复数，例如：some books（一些书）。
- 有些名词的复数形式与单数形式相同，例如：deer（鹿）和sheep （羊）。
- 有些名词的复数形式要加上"-s"，例如：books（书）和cats（猫）。
- 有些名词的复数形式要加上"-es"，例如：watches（手表）和boxes（盒子）。
2. 不可数名词不可数名词通常表示抽象概念、物质、液体等无法具体计数的事物。
以下是一些常见的不可数名词：- information（信息）- water（水）- milk（牛奶）- money（钱）- knowledge（知识）- advice（建议）- weather（天气）二、代词代词用来代替名词，起到替代作用。
根据具体使用情况，代词可分为不同类型。
1. 人称代词人称代词用来代替人或事物的人称，分为主格和宾格两种形式：- 主格：I（我）、you（你/您）、he（他）、she（她）、it（它）、we（我们）、they（他们/她们/它们）- 宾格：me（我）、you（你/您）、him（他）、her（她）、it （它）、us（我们）、them（他们/她们/它们）2. 物主代词物主代词用来表示所属关系，分为形容词性和名词性两种类型：- 形容词性物主代词：my（我的）、your（你/您的）、his（他的）、her（她的）、its（它的）、our（我们的）、their（他们/她们/它们的）- 名词性物主代词：mine（我的）、yours（你/您的）、his（他的）、hers（她的）、its（它的）、ours（我们的）、theirs（他们/她们/它们的）3. 相互代词相互代词用来表示彼此关系，常用的相互代词有：- each other（彼此之间）- one another（彼此之间）三、动词动词是句子的核心，并用于表示行为、状态、存在等。
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2020 年英语四级词汇与语法精选特训(8)
1.He arrived very late at night, in the early hours
this morning.
A)in conclusion B) or rather C) on the whole D) by and large
2. Mother always taught me to be thrifty and not to live .
A)beyond my means B) out of place C) at my leisure D) around the clock
3.President Banda ’s background as a doctor has given him into the medical problems that face the country.
A) a view B) a vision C) an insight D) a sight
4.In New York there is a shifting population of vagrants usually with an unhealthy for alcohol.
A) attitude B) aptitude C) appetite D) altitude
5.Cars and motorcycles are similar they are
both privately owned means of transport.
A) so that B) in that C) for that D) in which
6.The exhibition of poor sportsmanship a sense
of disgust in all who witnessed it.
A) rose B) arose C) aroused D) raised
7.When the nurse took his temperature, it was two degrees above .
A) regular B) ordinary C) average D) normal
8.The traveler looks like an Englishman, but his foreign
accent gave him .
A) away B) out C) off D) over
9.We Americans do a lot of business lunch, but
people here prefer to tell stories.
A) in B) over C) within D) without
10.He just cannot to the different life style here
in America.
A) alter B) modify C) adapt D) adopt
答案与解析：
1.C. 短语辨析 A) in conclusion表示“在结束时，最后”;B) or rather表示“更准确地说” ;C) on the whole表示“总的说来” ;D)
by and large 表示“大体上，总的来说”。
他夜里很晚才到，或者更
确切地说是今早凌晨时分。
2.B. 介词词组辨析A) live beyond one’s means“入不敷出” ;B) out of place “不合适的，不恰当的” ;C) at one ’s leisure “在某人空
闲时或方便时” ;D) around the clock “连续一整天或一昼夜” work
around the clock 昼夜连续工作。
妈妈总是教育我要节俭，不要入不敷出。
3.C. 名词辨析四选词的含义分别为：A)a view “一种观点 ; 一个景色” ;B)a vision“一种见解，远见” ;C)an insight“一种洞察
力” ;D)a sight“视力;视界，视野”;根据句意答案应是an insight
，give sb. an insight into sth币馑嘉“使某人洞察到或深刻体察到
Banda总统当医生的背景使他洞察到这个国家面临的健康问
某事物”。
题。
4.A. 形近名词辨析 attitude“态度”，应与介词to/towards搭配;aptitude “才能，天资” ;appetite “胃口，欲望” ;
altitude “高度，海拔”。
在纽约，有一批四处漂泊的流浪汉，他们通
常对酒怀有一种不健康的嗜好。
5.C. 连词辨析 so that表示目的;in that为复合连词，表示“因为，因为”，同 because 一词 ;for 后不能用 that 从句。
小汽车和摩托车
相似之处在于它们都是私人拥有的交通工具。
6.C. 同源动词辨析首先区分一下词性， A、的 B 两词为不及物动词，
C、的 D 两词为及物动词。
再区分各词的词义： A)rose “升起，起来 ; 起床，上升，上涨” ;B)arose “出现，产生，起来” ;C)aroused “激起，引起” ;D)raised “抬起，举起，提升 ; 筹( 钱); 抚养”。
运动员所表现出来的拙劣赛风引起了所有观众的厌恶。
7.B. 近义形容词辨析四选词的意思分别是： A)regular “有规律
的，同期的，定期的” ;B)ordinary “普通的，平常
的” ;C)average “平均的，一般标准的” ;D)normal “正常状态的，通
常的”。
护士给他量体温时，温度超出正常体温两度。
8.D. 短语动词辨析 give away “泄露 ( 秘密 ) ，出卖” ;give
out “分发” ;give off“发出(光，热，气)”;give over“交，托”。
这位旅行者看来像英国人，但他的外国口音让人听出他不是英国人。
9.D. 介词辨析介词over 有很多用法和很多含义，其中一种意思就
是“在期间”，类似in the course of 。
我们美国人在吃中饭时谈生意，但这儿的人更喜欢讲故事。
10.D. 动词辨析 alter表示“改变，改装，修改”, 名词为alteration;modify表示“修改，修饰”，名词为modification;
adapt 表示“使适合，改编”，名词为 adaptation;adopt 表示“采纳，收养”，名词为 adoption 。
他就是无法适合美国的不同的生活方式。