自考英语二unit1thepoweroflanguage翻译
自考英语二(新版)原文Unit1ThePowerofLanguage
Unit 1 The Power of LanguageA Famous QuoteLanguage is the dress of thought.------Samuel Johnson Samuel Johnson (1709-1784), British man of letters, one of the mostoutstanding figures of the 18 th century in England. He made lasting contributions to English literature as a poet, essayist, moralist, literary critic, biographer, editor andlexicographer. Johnson has been described as“ arguably the most distinguished manof letters in English history.”Text A Critical ReadingPre-reading Questions1.Do you usually challenge the idea an author represents? What do you think is activereading?2.What suggestions do you expect the author will give on reading critically?Critical reading applies to non-fiction writing in which the author puts forth a position or seeks to make a statement. Critical reading is active reading. It involves more than just understanding what an author is saying. Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying, and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying. Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader.Consider the context of what is written . You may be reading something that was written by an author from a different cultural context than yours. Or, you may be reading something written sometime ago in a differenttime context than yours. In either case, you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author.Question assertions made by the author.Don’ t accept what is writtenat face value. Before accepting what is written, by certain that the author provides sufficient support for any assertions made. Look for facts, examples,and statistics that provide support. Also, look to see if the author hasintegrated the work of authorities.Compare what is written with other written work on the subject.Lookto see that what is written is consistent with that others have written aboutthe subject. If there are inconsistencies, carefully evaluate the support the author provides for the inconsistencies.1 / 3Analyze assumptions made by the author.Assumptions are whateverthe author must believe is true in order to make assertions. In many cases, theauthor ’assumptions are not directly stated. This means you must readcarefully in order to identify any assumptions. Once you identify an assumption,you must decide whether or not the assumption is valid.Evaluate the sources the author uses.In doing this, by certain that thesources are credible. For example, Einstein is a credible source if the author iswriting about landmark achievements in physics.Also be certain that thesources are relevant. Einstein is not a relevant source when the subject ispoetry. Finally,if the author is writing about a subject in its current state, besure that the sources are current. For example, studies done by Einstein in theearly 20 th century may not be appropriate if the writer is discussing the currentstate of knowledge in physics.Identify any possible author bias. A written discussion of Americanpolitics will likely look considerably different depending on whether the writer isa Democrat or a Republican. What is written may very well reflect a biasedposition. You need to take this possible bias into account when reading whatthe author h as written. That is, take what is written with“ a grain of salt.”By being a critical reader, you will become better informed and maychange your views as appropriate.Text B The Language of ConfidencePre-reading Questions1.Are there any words that make you feel confident or diffident?2.Do you believe that language can influence people ’ sthought? Give some example.The language we use programs our brain. Mastering our language giveus a great degree of mastery over our lives and our destinies. It is importantto use the language in the best way possible in order to dramatically improveour quality of life.Even the smallest of words can have the deepest effect on our subconscious mind, which is like a child, and it doesn’ t really understand thedifference between what really happens and what you imagine. It is eagerto please and willing to carry out any commands that you give it--- whetheryou do this knowingly or not is entirely up to you.“ Try”It is a small word yet it has an amazing impact upon us. If someone says,2 / 3“ I try’ll to do that ” you know that they are not going to be putting their whole heart into it, and may not even do it at all. How often do you use the wordtrywhen talking about the things that matter to you? Do say“ I’ ll try to be moreconfi dent ” or“ I’ ll try to do that” or“ I’ ll try to call”?Think about something that you would like to achieve, and say it to yourself in two different ways. Firstly say,“ I’ ll try to⋯”and notice how youNext say,“I will do⋯”and see how you feel.The latter makes you feel better than the first one, doesn’ t it? It gives youa sense of determination, a feeling that it will be done. Listen to the people around you and when they say they will try to notice if it gets done or not. Eliminate the word try from your dictionary and see how your life improves.“ Can’ t ”This is another small word with a big impact. It disempowers us, makes us feel weak and helpless, and damages our self-esteem. It limits our infinite abilities and stifles creativity. Rub it out from your internal dictionary and replace it with something that makes you feel great.Instead of saying you can’ t, why not say something like“ I choose⋯” or choose not to ⋯” Using words like this allows you to take back your power and to be in control of your life.Words may appear small and insignificant, yet they have a deep and lasting effect on us. Mastering your language gives you the power to live whatever life you desire.What words do you use a lot that disempower you? Make a list of words you commonly use and then write next to them some alternatives you can use. Make these alternatives words that make you feel fabulous, not only about yourself, but about life and what you are doing!3 / 3。
Unit1自考英语二课件
KEY SENTENCES
In either case, you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author. 不论哪种情况，你必须注意并考虑你 的价值观和态度与作者所述的价值观和态度有何不同。
5Hale Waihona Puke value n. values [pl.]是非标准；价值观
valuable adj. 有价值的；贵重的；可估价的n. 贵重物品 invaluable=priceless adj. 无价的；非常贵重的
valueless adj. 无价值的；不值钱的；微不足道的
devaluate vt. 使…贬值；降低…的价值；减少…的重要 性 e.g. China's RMB shouldn't devaluate. evaluate vt. 评价；估价；求…的值 e.g. Don't evaluate people by their clothes
those是代词，代替前面的复数名词values and attitudes。代替可
数名词单数或不可数名词用that。例如： The students in your class are more hard-working than those in his class. The values of the young people differ from those of their elders. 1. The necklace her sister is wearing is much more beautiful than ______ worn by Mary. A． this B． that C． these D． those
自考英语二00015短语及重点语句
自考英语二00015短语及重点语句Unit1 The Power of Language Phrases and Expressionsapply to to use something or make something work in a particular situation 使用;应用put forth to suggest an idea, explanation etc., especially one that other people later consider and discuss提出；产生take…into account to consider particular facts, circumstances, etc. when making a decisionabout something 考虑到；顾及accept/take…at face value to believe that something is wha t it appears to be, without questioning it相信表面；信以为真with a grain of salt with reservations; skeptically 有保留的；持怀疑态度地carry out to do and complete a task 完成（任务）be up to to be for somebody to decide 取决于have an impact on/upon to have a powerful effect onsomebody/something 对…产生巨大影响rub…out to remove the marks made by a pencil, etc. 用橡皮擦掉(字迹等)be in control of to direct or manage an organization, anarea or a situation 掌握；管理；控制Key Sentences1.In either case, you must recognize and take into account anydifferences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author.不论哪种情况，你必须注意并考虑你的价值观和态度与作者所述的价值观和态度有何不同。
自考英语二Unit 1 The Power of Language
6. evaluate /ɪˈvæ ljueɪt/ v. 估计；评价；评估 7. context /ˈkɒntekst/ n. 事情发生的背景，环境，来龙去脉
8. value /ˈvæ ljuː/ n. 是非标准；价值观
Unit 1 The Power of Language
I. New words and expressions on Text A
II. Text A Critical Reading
教 学 III. Exercises on Text A
目标
IV. New words and expressions on Text B V. Text B The Language of Confidence
made lasting持久的 contributions to English literature as a poet诗人,
essayist /ˈeseɪɪst/散文家, moralist /ˈmɒrəlɪst/道德家, literary critic文学评论家 , biographer传记作家, editor编纂者 and lexicographer /ˌleksɪˈkɒɡrəfə(r)/ 词典 编纂者. Johnson has been described as “arguably /ˈɑːɡjuəbli/正如可提出证据加 以证明的那样地 the most distinguished最杰出的 man of letters in English history.”
considerable /kənˈsɪdərəbl/ adj. 相当大的；重要的，值得考虑的 considerate /kənˈsɪdərət/ adj. 体贴的；体谅的；考虑周到的 consideration /kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃn/ n. 考虑；原因；关心；报酬 31. Democrat /ˈdeməkræ t/ n. （美国） 民主党党员/民主党支持者民 32. Republican /ri'pʌblikən/ n. （美国）共和党党员，共和党支持者 33. reflect /rɪˈflekt/ v. 显示；表明；表达 34. informed /ɪnˈfɔːmd/ adj. 有学问的；有见识的 well-informed /ˌwel ɪnˈfɔːmd/
(完整版)自考英语二Unit 1 The Power of Language 翻译
Unit 1 The Power of LanguageText A Critical Reading批判性地阅读（翻译）批判性阅读适合于那种作者提出一个观点或试图陈述一个说法的纪实类写作.批判性阅读是积极阅读。
它不仅仅包括理解作者说了些什么，还包括质疑和评价作者的话，并对此形成自己的观点.成为一名批判性阅读者需要做到以下几点。
考虑写作背景。
你所读的可能是与你有不同文化背景的人所写的，或者是与你有不同时代背景的人多年以前所写的。
无论哪种情况，你都必须注意并考虑你的价值观和态度与作者所代表的价值观和态度有何不同.质疑作者的论点.不要轻信作品的表面意思.在接受作者观点前,首先要确定作者作出的每一个论点都有足够的论据支持。
找出能支持该论点的事实、实例、和数据。
另外，注意作者是否参考了权威著作。
与同主题文章进行比较。
查看该作者的文章与其他作者关于同一主题的文章是否有一致性。
如果存在不一致性，对不一致的地方背后的论据支持要进行仔细甄别。
分析作者提出的假设。
假设是作者认为具有正确性的前提，基于这些前提作者才能提出论点。
很多时候作者的假设并没有直接说明，这就意味着你必须通过仔细阅读来发现这些假设。
一旦发现某一假设,你必须判断这一假设是否合理。
鉴别文章出处。
鉴别时要确保文章出处真实可信。
例如，如果文章是关于物理学里程碑式的成就,那么爱因斯坦的论述就是可靠的出处.此外还要确保出处具有相关性。
如果文章主题是诗歌，那么爱因斯坦的论述就不是相关出处。
最后，如果作者写的是某个主题当前的情形，那就要确保出处来源也是当前最新的.例如，如果作者讨论的是物理学知识的现状，那么爱因斯坦在二十世纪早期进行的研究可能就不适合作出处了。
甄别作者可能带有的偏见.有关美国政治的书面论述可能因作者是共和党人或民主党人迥然而异。
作者所写的内容很可能反映其带有偏见的立场。
阅读时要考虑到这种偏见存在的可能性。
也就是说，要对文章内容“半信半疑”。
成为一名批判性阅读者,你的思路会不断拓宽，观点会更加合理。
2021年最新出版自考英语(二)讲义 Unit 1 The Power of Languag
2021年最新出版自考英语（二）讲义Unit 1 The Power ofLanguag2021年自考“英语（二）”备考资料（新版教材 unit 1）Unit 1 The Power of Language I. New words and expressions New words 1. critical adj. 有判断力的；判断公正（或审慎）的 2. non-fiction n. 纪实文学 3. position n. 观点；态度；立场 4. statement n. 说明；说法；表态 5. question v. 表示疑问；怀疑out of question / out of the question 6. evaluate v. 估计；评价；评估7. context n. 事情发生的背景，环境，来龙去脉 8. value n. values [pl.]是非标准；价值观 valuableinvaluable=priceless valueless9. represent v. 描述；表现 representative adj./n. 10. assertion n. 明确肯定；断言 11. sufficient adj. 足够的；充足的 sufficiency insufficient12. statistic n. statistics [pl.]统计数字；统计资料 13. integrate v.（使）合并，成为一体 14. authority n.专家；学术权威；泰斗 an/the authority on sth. authorize15. compare v. 比较；对比 compare A with B compare A to B16. subject n. 主题；题目；题材 17. consistent adj. 相符的；符合的 18. inconsistency n. 不一致 19. assumption n. 假定；假设 20. case n. 具体情况；事例 in case in case of fire in case that…a case in pointconfirmed/suspected cases 21. directly adv. 直接地；径直地 22. identify v. 找到；发现23. valid adj. 符合逻辑的；合理的；确凿的 validity n. 有效性，正确（性） invalid24. credible adj. 可信的；可靠的 incredible=unbelievable25. landmark n.（标志重要阶段的）里程碑 26. relevant adj. 紧密相关的；切题的 relevancy n. 关联；恰当 irrelevant27. current adj. 现时发生的；当前的 28. appropriate adj. 合适的；恰当的 inappropriateIt's (not) appropriate that …. 29. bias n. 偏见；偏心；偏向30. considerably adv. 非常；很；相当多地 consider considering considerable considerate consideration31. Democrat n. （美国）民主党党员，民主党支持者民 32. Republican n. （美国）共和党党员，共和党支持者 33. reflect v. 显示；表明；表达 34. informed adj. 有学问的；有见识的 well-informed ill-informedPhrases and Expressions 1. apply to 使用；应用 2. put forth 提出；产生3. take … into account 考虑到；顾及4. accept/take … at face value 相信表面；信以为真5. with a grain of salt 有保留地；持怀疑态度地 II. Text Learning Critical Reading① (1)Critical reading applies to non-fiction writing in which the authorputs forth a position or seeks to make a statement. Critical reading is active reading. It involves more than just（不只是，不仅仅是）understanding what an author is saying. Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying, and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying. Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader.（启下句）本部分重点及难点：1. Critical reading applies to non-fiction writing in which the author puts forth a position or seeks to make a statement. apply to sb./sth.= be applicable to sb./sth. apply的派生词：application, applicant, applicable② Consider the context of what is written. You may be reading something that was written by an author from a different culturalcontext than yours. (2)Or, you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context than yours. (3)In either case, you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author. 本部分重点及难点： 2. Or, you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context than yours. some time注意区分：sometime / sometimes / some times3. In either case, you must recognize and take into account anydifferences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author. 不论哪种情况，你必须注意并考虑你的价值观和态度与作者所述的价值观和态度有何不同。
自考英语二（新版）原文Unit1ThePowerofLanguage
⾃考英语⼆（新版）原⽂Unit1ThePowerofLanguageUnit 1 The Power of Language学习⽅法指南五个⽅⾯把握⽂章1）词2）句3）篇4）义5）背诵或复述重点段落（当天重复，第⼆天再重复，七天后再重复）课后习题1）结合课⽂⾥出现的要点，完成题⽬2）标记不熟练的题⽬，当天重复⼀遍，第⼆天再重复⼀遍，考前再重复⼀遍Unit 1 The Power of LanguageA FAMOUS QUOTELanguage is the dress of thought.--Samuel Johnson语⾔是思维的外⾐。
--塞缪尔·约翰逊Samuel Johnson (1709-1784)，British man of letters, one of the most outstanding figures of the 18th century in England. He made lasting contributions to English literature as a poet, essayist, moralist, literary critic, biographer, editor and lexicographer. Johnson has been described as "arguably the most distinguished man of letters in English history"Text A Critical ReadingPre-reading questions 读前问题：1. Do you usually challenge the idea an author represents? What do you think is active reading?通常情况下，你是否会反对作者提出的观点？你认为什么是积极阅读？2. What suggestions do you expect the author will give on reading critically?你希望作者就批判性阅读提出什么样的建议呢？Vocabulary 词汇四点要求 1.⾳ 2.义 3.衍⽣变化 4.⽤法/搭配New Wordscritical adj. 有判断⼒的；判断公正（或审慎的）；批判的non-fiction n.纪实⽂学position n. 观点；态度；⽴场statement n.说明；说法；表态question v.表⽰疑问；怀疑evaluate vt.估计；评价，评估context n. （事情发⽣的）背景，环境，来龙去脉value n.是⾮标准；价值观represent v.描述；表现assertion n.明确肯定；断⾔sufficient adj.⾜够的；充⾜的statistic n.统计数字；统计资料integrate v.（使）合并，成为⼀体authority n. 专家；学术权威；泰⽃compare v.⽐较；对⽐subject n.主题；题⽬；题材consistent adj. 相符的；符合的（consistency）inconsistency n.不⼀致assumption n.假定；假设case n. 具体情况；事例directly adv. 直接地；径直地identify v. 找到；发现valid adj. 符合逻辑的；合理的；确凿的credible adj. 可信的；可靠的landmark n.（标志重要阶段的）⾥程碑；地标relevant adj.紧密相关的；切题的current adj. 现时发⽣的；当前的appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的bias n.偏见；偏⼼；偏向considerably adv. ⾮常；很；相当多地Democrat n.（美国）民主党党员，民主党⽀持者Republican n.（美国）共和党党员，共和党⽀持者reflect v.显⽰；表明；表达informed adj.有学问的；有见识的Phrases and Expressionsapply to使⽤；适⽤于put forth 提出；产⽣take sth into account 考虑；顾及accept/take sth at face value 相信表⾯；信以为真with a grain of salt 有保留地；持怀疑态度地重点词汇critical adj. 有判断⼒的；判断公正（或审慎的）eg: Try to develop a more critical attitude, instead of accepting everything at face value. 要学会对⼀切事物⼀丝不苟, ⽽不要注重表⾯现象.其他⽤法：危机中的；危急时刻的；决定性的；关键的eg: We are at a critical time in our history.我们正处于历史的紧要关头。
自考英语二(00015)unit1 text A 练习
affairs.
on 在…方面
5. Just compare the one that has been cleaned __w_i_th__ the
others.
compare...with… 把……和……做对比/比较
6. Education should be relevant __to__ the child's needs.
4. I'm afraid your driving license is _in_v_a_l_id_ in Eastern Europe. (valid, invalid)
5. Twenty-five dollars was _c_o_n_s_id_e_r_a_b_ly_ more than he had expected to pay. (considerable,considerably)
Unit 1 The Power of Language
Critical Reading
Exercises P109-112
英语口语
AA 这个缩写其实是来自 Algebraic /ˌældʒɪˈbreɪɪk/ Average,意思 是代数平均，也就是按照人数平均分担。 average 还可以作动词使用，常用的短语为 average sth out，表示 “算出……的平均数”的意思。 Sale increase have average out at 15%. 销售额增长率平均达到15%。
Let's go bowling. It's my treat. 我们去打保龄球吧。我请客。
“打包”英语怎么说？ Wrap it up, please. 大家都知道 wrap 是“包；包裹”的意思，“Wrap it up”就是 指“请将剩菜打包”，这是很形象的一个表达。 Don't waste food. Wrap it up and I'll take it home. 不要浪费食物。打包，让我带回去。 而餐馆提供给用户的打包袋 为 doggie bag，顾客可用来带 走未吃完的食物。
自考00015英语(二)课本对话参考译文
Unit l The Power of Language对话范例请朗读下面的对话，注意说话者提出建议的方式。
史蒂夫：嗨，珍妮，想不想这周末一起做点什么？珍妮：当然了。
做什么呢？史蒂夫：不知道。
你有什么想法吗？珍妮：看电影怎么样？史蒂夫：好主意。
看什么电影呢？珍妮：那就看《机动部队4》吧。
史蒂夫：我不想看那部电影，我不喜欢看充满暴力的影片。
《疯狂的布朗医生》怎么样？听说很有趣。
珍妮：好的。
就看这部吧！几点开始？史蒂夫：8点在瑞克斯影院。
看电影之前我们吃点东西怎么样？珍妮：当然了，好主意。
去新开的意大利餐馆梅开缇吧。
史蒂夫：太好了1 6点钟在那不见不散。
珍妮：好的。
6点钟梅开缇见。
再见。
史蒂夫：再见。
指导实践要求：给你的朋友提一些建议，告诉他们什么地方适合度假。
利用你自己的信息，也可以运用下面的提示。
你想去……吗？我们去……好吗？我们去……吧。
我们为什么不去……呀？去……怎么样？好主意。
谢谢你，给了我那么多好的建议。
英语学习的几点建议扩充词汇量(1)-练习，练习，再练习词汇量大是学习任何一种语言的基石，学习英语更应该如此。
学完单词很快你就忘掉了，这无益于英语学习。
研究表明，要重复10到20次，一个单词才能成为你词汇量的一部分。
以下是扩充词汇量的几点建议：●阅读是学习新单词的有效方法。
通过语境可以掌握很多单词。
●把单词写下来会有助于记忆单词——包括记忆单词的定义、用单词造句。
●学习了新单词，就要用索引卡片来复习，●定期复习索引卡片上的单词，查看自己是否已经忘记了刚学会的新单词，这样有助于记忆单词。
你每天能学会多少单词？每天学习十个英文单词或者短语不算多吧？试一试吧。
你会发现很快就学会了：为什么不试着每天（周一到周五）花点时间学习10个新单词呢？周末的时候复习一下一周所学的单词，这样每周可以学会50个单词，极大地丰富了你的词汇量。
（每个月就是200个单词哟！）Unit 2 Mistakes to Success参考译文对话范例请朗读下面的对话，注意说话者表达赞美的方式。
个人整理Unit 1 The Power of Language 语言的力量+翻译
Unit 1 The Power of LanguageA Famous QuoteLanguage is the dress of thought.------Samuel JohnsonSamuel Johnson (1709-1784), British man of letters, one of the mostoutstanding figures of the 18th century in England. He made lasting contributions to English literature as a poet, essayist, moralist, literary critic, biographer, editor and lexicographer. Johnson has been describe d as “arguably the most distinguished man of letters in English history.”Text A Critical Reading 批判性阅读Pre-reading Questions1. Do you usually challenge the idea an author represents? What do you think is active reading?2. What suggestions do you expect the author will give on reading critically?1.你经常挑战作者代表的想法吗？你认为积极的阅读是什么？2.你认为作者会对阅读的建议有什么建议？Critica l(有判断力的) reading applies to（适用于） non-fiction writing in which the author putsforth a position or seeks to make a statement. Critical reading is active reading. It involves more than just understanding what an author is saying. Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating（v. 估计） what the author is saying, and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying. Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader.批判性阅读适用于非小说类读物，在这类读物中作者会提出一种观点或试图表明一种态度。
自考汉语言本科：00015英语二讲义第1章(Unit 1 The Power of Language ) 0105
II. Text LearningThe Language of Confidence1 The language we use programs our brains. Mastering our language gives us agreat degree of mastery over our lives and our destinies. It is important to usethe language in the best way possible in order to dramatically improve ourquality of life.2 Even the smallest of words can have the deepest effect on our subconsciousmind, which is like a child, and it doesn't really understand the differencebetween what really happens and what you imagine. (1)It is eager to please andwilling to carry out any commands that you give it - whether you do thisknowingly or not is entirely up to you."Try"3 It is a small word yet it has an amazing impact upon us. If someone says,"I'll try to do that" you know that they are not going to beputting their wholeheart into it, and may not even do it at all. (2)How often do you use the wordtry when talking about the things that matter to you? Do you say "I'll try to bemore confident" or "I'll try to do that" or "I'll try to call"?4 Think about something that you would like to achieve, and say it to yourselfin two different ways. Firstly say, "I'll try to …" and notice how you feel.Next say, "I will do …" and see how you feel.5 (3)The latter makes you feel better than the first one, doesn't it? It givesyou a sense of determination, a feeling that it will be done. Listen to thepeople around you and when they say they will try notice if it gets done or not.Eliminate the word try from your dictionary and see how your life improves.（承上句）本部分重点及难点：显示重难点解析1. It is eager to please and willing to carry out any commandsthat you give it- whether you do this knowingly or not is entirely up to you.它渴望取悦，乐意听从你给它的任何命令，而你是有意还是无意地做这些完全取决于你。
英语(二)自学教程Unit-1-Text-B-课文翻译详细解析
Eliminatethe word try from yourdictionaryand see how your life improves.
从你的字典里删除尝试这个词，看看你的生活是如何改善的。
“Can’t”
“不能”
This is another small word with a big impact. Itdisempowersus, makes us feel weak and helpless, and damages ourself-esteem.
即使是最小的单词也能对我们的潜意识产生最深的影响，这个潜意识就像一个孩子，我们不真的理解真正发生的事情和你想象的事情之间的区别.
Unit 1 The power of language
Itis eager toplease and willing tocarry outanycommandsthat you give it – whether you do thisknowinglyor not is entirelyup to you.
你相信语言会影响人们的思想吗？请给出一些例子。
Unit 1 The power of language
The Language ofConfidence
自信的语言
The language we useprogramsour brains.
我们使用的语言能够锻炼我们的大脑。
Masteringour language gives us a great degree ofmasteryover our lives and ourdestinies.
如果有人说，“我会试着那样做”，你就知道他们不会全身心投入，甚至可能根本不会这样做。
自考英语二(00015)Unit1-TextB 课文
command v. 命令，指挥；控制 n. 指挥，控制；司令部 commander 指挥官；司令官 commandment 戒律；法令 commandant 司令官，指挥官；军事学校的校长 eg. 他命令士兵们把大门关上。 He commanded the soldiers to shut the gate. knowingly adv. 故意地；机警地，狡黠地 近义词：intentionally knowing adj. 博学的；狡猾的；心照不宣的 n. 认知 eg. 我们不知道政府有没有故意或蓄意地掩盖事实。 We did not know that whether the government knowingly or consciously choose to cover the truth.
1. a great degree of 很大程度上的 eg. All these are valid reasons for a very great degree of freedom. 所有这些都是要求高度自由的合理原因。 2. mastery n. 掌握，掌控 eg.Science offers us total mastery over environment and over our destiny. 科学给了我们对环境自身命运很大的掌控权。 He doesn’t have mastery of the basic rules of grammar. 他没有掌握语法的基本规则。
自考英语二(00015)unit1 text A 课文
Pre-reading Questions
1. Do you usually challenge the idea an author represents? What do you think is active reading?
通常情况下，你是否会反对作者提出的观点？你认为 什么是积极阅读？
Making Suggestions
Steve: Hi, Jenny, would you like to do something with me this weekend? Jenny: Sure. What shall we do? Steve: I don't know. Do you have any ideas? Jenny: Why don't we see a film? Steve:That sounds good to me. Which film shall we see? Jenny: Let's see Action Man 4.
史蒂夫：8点在瑞克斯影院。看电 影之前我们吃点东西怎么样？
Jenny: Sure, that sounds great. What about going to that new Italian restaurant Michetti's?
珍妮：当然了，好主意。去新开 的意大利餐馆梅开缇吧。
Steve: Great idea! Let's meet there 史蒂夫：太好了! 6点钟在那不见
史蒂夫：我不想看那部电影，我 不喜欢看充满暴力的影片。《疯 狂的布朗医生》怎么样？听说很 有趣。
quite a funny film.
Jenny: OK. Let's go see that. When 珍妮：好的。就看这部吧！几点
自考英语二(00015)课本真题(unit1-4)
The Power of LanguageLanguage is something that defines (define) us as humans. When language is 41 (use) well, it can bring out very deep feelings in others, and encourage others to take 42 (act). Sometimes in poetry a certain phrase can bring 43 (tear) to the eyes and move us deeply. When we use language to express our true feelings to someone, it can open and 44 (deep) the connection between us. Language is a very 45 (power) tool. How we use language shapes our world. How we use self-talk 46 (direct) shapes our experience of both ourselves and the world. How we deliver 47 (communicate) shapes the way the world 48 (respond) to us. We can use language more 49 (effective). And this clearly influences the health and power of our 50 (person) relationships and business relationships.Business English HelpsEnglish plays an important role in the workplace. When it is used in the correct and proper_1_, it can help to promote a career or a business. Some may _2_or want to study business English _3_they start their careers. Those who are already working have the _4_ to see what they can and cannot do _5_ in English in their current job.Business English provides you with valuable skills needed for yourwork. For example, you will learn _6 _ to negotiate. Being able to deal with a_7_and knowing how to bargain and _8_ an agreement can make a _9_difference to the outcome.Business English learning encourages professional and efficient communication, and promotes service to customers and business partners, _10_ is a great advantage for any business.Spilt (打翻的) MilkI recently heard a story about a famous scientist who had made several very important medical achievements. He was asked why he was so much more creative than the average person.He responded that it all came from an experience when he was about two. He had been trying to remove a bottle of milk from the refrigerator when he lost his grip (紧握) and it fell, spilling (打翻) the milk all over the floor.When his mother came into the kitchen, instead of yelling at him, or punishing him, she said, "Robert, what a wonderful mess you have made! Well, the damage has already been done. Would you like to play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?"Indeed, he did. After a few minutes, his mother said, "Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to clean it up. So, how would you like to do that? We could use a sponge (海绵) or a towel. Which do you prefer?" He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the spilt milk.His mother then said, "You know, what we have here is a failed experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands. Let's go out in the back yard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can discover a way to carry it without dropping it." The little boy learned that if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it.The scientist remarked that it was then that he knew he didn't need to be afraid to make mistakes. Instead, mistakes were just opportunities for learning something new, which is, after all, what scientific experiments are all about. Even if the experiment "doesn't work," we usually learn something valuable from it.1. This story is about a scientist who ( )A. was smarter than the average personB. achieved great success in the medical fieldC. was extraordinary when he was youngD. became well-known after an interview2. He got the milk spilt all over the kitchen floor because he ( )A. slipped and fellB. was weakC. dropped the bottleD. was naughty3. After seeing the spilt milk, his mother ( )A. encouraged him to play in the milkB. forced him to clean the kitchenC. shouted at himD. cleaned the floor herself4. The mother and the son went out in the back yard to ( )A. find a way to carry the bottleB. search for a new bottleC. fill the bottle with milkD. clean the bottle5. According to the text, mistakes give us chances to ( )A. do some experimentsB. teach a child a lessonC. know the truthD. learn something newLearning From MistakesLots of people dare not make mistakes (mistake). They fear they will be laughed at or 1 (blame)by others. They fear they will lose their money and 2 (belonging) or be under heavy stress. But risks are 3 (possible) to avoid and they do pave the way towards success. Have you ever 4 (hear) of anyone who achieves success without making any mistakes?So it is only 5 (nature) that making mistakes should be considered amust. You shouldn't worry about that as you 6 (probable) get lots of advantages out of your mistakes. By making mistakes, you can at least distinguish between the correct and the 7 (correct) parts of what you did. Robert Stevenson once s aid:“Our business in life is not to be 8 (success), but to continue to fail in good spirits”You needn't worry about anything as long as you keep on going by 9 (wise) learning from your mistakes and 10 (try) even harder.Positive Attitude towards FailureI clearly remember a period during which I felt like a failure. But what I (1) ___ learned was that failing at one thing is not failing at all things. And, in fact, failure is a (2) ____ part of growth. Life is filled with trial and (3) ____. In order to walk the path to (4) ____, you need to make some (5) ____ turns along the way. What I learned was to "fail forward", to (6) ____ each mistake to make myself better. One of the (7) ____ problems people have with failure is that they are too quick to judge isolated (8) ___ in their lives and label them as failures. (9) ___, they need to keep the bigger picture in mind. A successful baseball player doesn't (10) ____ at a mistake he makes and think of failure. He sees it within the context of the bigger picture.Failing ForwardThere are several key abilities that allow successful people to fail forward instead of taking each setback personally. First, successful people don't blame themselves when they fail. They take 1 for each setback, but they don't take the failure personally. Second, successful people don't 2 themselves by individual failures. They 3 that each setback is a small 4 of the whole. Third achievers are 5 to vary their approaches to problems. That's important in every walk of life. If one 6 doesn't work for you, if it brings repeated failures, 7 try something else. To fail forward you must do what works for you, not 8 what works for other people. Finally, successful people are 9 . They don't let one error keep them down. They learn from their mistakes and 10 on.Loyalty found in a friends akin to making a deposit in a bank account. More often than not, your deposits 1 interest, an interest in your well-being and welfare. A loyal friend attracts another loyal friend.In essence, water does seek its own level.If you were a B.L.F. way before Facebook gained notoriety, 2 I'm sure you understand the premise of loyalty in a friend. You should never 3 your B.L.F. to gain more friend so make yourself seem more 4 to others. These are not the traits of a best loyal friends.A best loyal friend does not care who is invited to your party. They will 5 your party and celebrate you, just in the way a best loyal friend should do.Reconnecting with a best loyal friend is 6 to do on the pages of Facebook. 7 , a virtual friend does not assure you of his loyalty. My 8 to you is that you'd better pay 9 to the smiling faces on the Facebook pages. In the eighties we were warned of smiling faces in a song, which contained these lyrics,"A smile is just a frown turned upside down, my friend."Now, that is the undisputed 10 for my generation.Choosing FriendsIn our daily life, it's nice to have friends. While family is 1 important,friends are a different support system of your choosing. As the 2 goes,"You can't choose your family, but you can choose your friends. “Choosing them wisely can 3 your life more exciting and inspiring.Deciding whom you choose as your friends says as much about youas it does them. You may choose your friends 4 on similar interests. You may choose them because you're opposites of each other and find this interesting.Often,friends become"friends"because they are naturally attracted towards each other due to 5 personalities. Sometimes it's just circumstances that bring two individuals together who then become friends.Whatever prompts a friendship, developing one is a very 6 experience.This is especially true when, before you know it, a certain 7 turns into a unique lifelong close friendship. Again, it's been said that a person 8 has only a couple of very close friends in their life. Think of whom you 9 as truly close friends. These are those few individuals you can 10 and share deep thoughts and concerns with.Keeping Friendship AliveIt’s so easy to take good friends (friend) for granted. Like a 1 (comfort) pair of gloves, old friends wear well. But friendships that suffer from busyness and 2 (familiar) can’t afford to be neglected too long. They need to be 3 (renew). If you want and need to keep true friendship alive and 4 (health), please consider and think over a list of the most important qualities. 5 (Probable) itwill help you to understand why you and your best friend haven't 6 (call) up for ages, why you’re getting embarrassed while 7 (be) asked “Whom are yo u 8 (go) to have fun with this weekend?" You may neglect your intimate friends from time to time, but if you fail to cultivate these 9 (virtue)---loyalty, forgiveness, dedication (奉献) and 10 (honest)---you can't expect to keep true friends.Be GratefulWhether you are a waiter (wait) or a doctor, your job is about serving others and making their life better. We have all (1 )_____(have) experiences where someone (2 )______ (work) in their job has lifted us up and made a (3 )________(different) to our day or brought us down and made our day worse. We have all met (4 )______ (real) wonderful people cleaning floors. We have also met people who are not so wonderful but have (5 )_______ (amaze) jobs. So whatever you do, be grateful. This doesn't mean you have to stay in a job you don't like, but it (6 )_______(help) you develop a more positive attitude. You may not like your job, but you can enjoy being with your (7 )________(colleague). This is something to be (8 )_______ (thank) for. When you practise (9 )___________(grateful), it allows you to develop a more useful outlook and be (10 )________(happy) at your work.。
2012自考英语二Unit1全
Unit 1 The Power of Langua ge学习方法指南五个方面把握文章1）词2）句3）篇4）义5）背诵或复述重点段落（当天重复，第二天再重复，七天后再重复）课后习题1）结合课文里出现的要点，完成题目2）标记不熟练的题目，当天重复一遍，第二天再重复一遍，考前再重复一遍Unit 1 The Power of Langua geA FAMOUS QUOTELangua ge is the dressof though t.--Samuel Johnso n语言是思维的外衣。
--塞缪尔·约翰逊Text A Critic al Readin gPre-readin g questions1.Do you usually challe nge the idea an author repres ents? What do you thinkis active reading?2. What sugges tions do you expect the author will give on readin g critic ally?Vocabulary词汇四点要求 1.音 2.义 3.衍生变化 4.用法/搭配New Wordscritic al adj. 有判断力的；判断公正（或审慎的）；批判的non-fictio n n.纪实文学position n. 观点；态度；立场statem ent n.说明；说法；表态question v. 表示疑问；怀疑evalua te vt. 估计；评价，评估contex t n. （事情发生的）背景，环境，来龙去脉value n. 是非标准；价值观repres ent v. 描述；表现assert ion n. 明确肯定；断言suffic ienta dj. 足够的；充足的statis tic n. 统计数字；统计资料integr ate v.（使）合并，成为一体authority n. 专家；学术权威；泰斗compar e v. 比较；对比subjec t n. 主题；题目；题材consis tent adj. 相符的；符合的（consis tency）inconsisten cy n. 不一致assump tion n. 假定；假设case n. 具体情况；事例direct ly adv. 直接地；径直地identify v. 找到；发现valida dj. 符合逻辑的；合理的；确凿的credib le adj. 可信的；可靠的landma rk n.（标志重要阶段的）里程碑；地标releva nt adj. 紧密相关的；切题的curren t adj. 现时发生的；当前的approp riate adj. 合适的；恰当的bias n. 偏见；偏心；偏向consid e rably adv. 非常；很；相当多地Democr at n.（美国）民主党党员，民主党支持者Republican n.（美国）共和党党员，共和党支持者reflec t v. 显示；表明；表达inform ed adj. 有学问的；有见识的Phrase s and Expressionsapplyto 使用；适用于put forth提出；产生take sth into accoun t 考虑；顾及accept/take sth at face value相信表面；信以为真with a grainof salt 有保留地；持怀疑态度地重点词汇critic al adj. 有判断力的；判断公正（或审慎的）eg: Try to develo p a more critic al attitu de, instea d of accept ing everyt hingat face value.要学会对一切事物一丝不苟, 而不要注重表面现象.其他用法：危机中的；危急时刻的；决定性的；关键的eg: We are at a critic al time in our histor y.我们正处于历史的紧要关头。
重编版出版自考英语(二)课件 Unit 1 The Power of Language
2013年自考“英语（二）”备考资料（新版教材unit 1）Unit 1 T he P o wer of L angu ageI. Ne w w or ds a nd ex p r es s ionsNe w wor ds1. c r itic a l a dj. 有判断力的；判断公正（或审慎）的2. no n-f ic tion n. 纪实文学3. pos iti on n. 观点；态度；立场4. s tatem ent n. 说明；说法；表态5. qu es tio n v. 表示疑问；怀疑out of ques ti on / ou t of the q ues ti on6. e va luat e v. 估计；评价；评估7. c ont ex t n. 事情发生的背景，环境，来龙去脉8. v al ue n. v al ues [p l.]是非标准；价值观va lu abl ein va lua bl e=pr ic el es sva lu eles s9. r epr es e nt v. 描述；表现r epr es ent ati ve adj./n.10. as s er ti on n. 明确肯定；断言11. s uf f ic ient a dj. 足够的；充足的s uf f ic ienc yins uf f ic ient12. s tat is tic n. s tat is ti c s [pl.]统计数字；统计资料13. inte gr ate v.（使）合并，成为一体14. a uth or it y n.专家；学术权威；泰斗an/the aut hor it y on s th.aut hor i ze15. c om par e v. 比较；对比c om par e A wit h Bc om par e A to B16. s ubj ec t n. 主题；题目；题材17. c ons is t ent adj. 相符的；符合的18. inc ons is t enc y n. 不一致19. as s um ption n. 假定；假设20. c as e n. 具体情况；事例in c as ein c as e of f ir ein c as e th at…a c as e in poi ntc onf ir m ed/s us pec ted c as es21. d ir ec tl y a d v. 直接地；径直地22. ide ntif y v. 找到；发现23. va lid adj. 符合逻辑的；合理的；确凿的v al idi t y n. 有效性，正确（性）in va li d24. c r ed ib le a dj. 可信的；可靠的inc r ed ib le=u nbe li e vab le25. lan dm ark n.（标志重要阶段的）里程碑26. r e le van t adj. 紧密相关的；切题的r ele va nc y n. 关联；恰当ir r el ev ant27. c ur r ent adj. 现时发生的；当前的28. a ppr o pr iat e adj. 合适的；恰当的in appr opr ia teIt's (n ot) a ppr o pr ia te th at ….29. b ias n. 偏见；偏心；偏向30. c ons ider a bl y a dv.非常；很；相当多地c ons id erc ons id er in gc ons id er ab lec ons id er atec ons id er at ion31. D em oc r at n. （美国）民主党党员，民主党支持者民32. R epu bl ic an n. （美国）共和党党员，共和党支持者33. r ef lec t v. 显示；表明；表达34. inf or m ed adj. 有学问的；有见识的we ll-i nf orm edi ll-i nf orm edPhr as es a nd Ex pr es s i ons1. ap pl y t o 使用；应用2. pu t f or th 提出；产生3. tak e … i nto ac c oun t 考虑到；顾及4. ac c ept/tak e … at f ac e v alu e 相信表面；信以为真5. wi th a gr ai n of s alt有保留地；持怀疑态度地II. T ex t Lear n ingCr itic a l R e ad ing① (1)Cr itic a l r e adi ng app lies t o n on-f ic tion wr i tin g i n whic h t he a uthorputs f or th a p os it ion or s eek s to m ak e a s tatem ent. Cr it ic al r e ad ing is ac tiv e r ea di ng. I t i nv o lv es m or e than j us t（不只是，不仅仅是）under s ta nd ing what a n aut hor is s a yi ng. Cr itic a l r ea di ng in vol vesques ti on ing an d e va lu atin g wh at t he a uth or is s a yi ng, an d f orm ing yo ur o wn o pi nio ns ab out w hat t he a uth or is s a yi ng. H er e ar e the thi n gs yo u s houl d do to be a c r iti c al r ead er.（启下句）本部分重点及难点：1. C r it ic al r ead ing ap pli es to non-f ic tio n wr iti n g in whic h t he aut horputs f or th a p os it ion or s eek s to m ak e a s tatem ent.app l y to s b./s th.= b e ap pl ic abl e to s b./s t h.app l y的派生词：app lic at ion, ap pl ic ant, ap plic a bl e② Cons ider t he c o nte x t of wh at is wr itte n. You m a y b e r ea di ngs om ethin g th at was w r itten b y an aut hor f r om a diff er ent c ultur alc ontex t th an yo ur s. (2)O r, you m a y be r ead i ng s om ething wr itt en s ome tim e ago i n a dif f er ent tim e c ontex t th an yo ur s. (3)In ei ther c as e,yo u m us t r ec ogni ze and t ak e into ac c ou nt a n y dif f er enc es bet we en yourva lues a nd atti tud es and t hos e r e pr es ent e d b y th e au thor.本部分重点及难点：2. O r, yo u m a y be r ea din g s om ething wr itt e n s om e tim e ago in adif f er ent tim e c ontex t than yo ur s.s om e tim e注意区分：s om etim e / s om etim es / s om e tim es3. In eit her c as e, yo u m us t r ec ogni ze and t ak e into ac c ou nt a n ydif f er enc es bet we en your v alu es an d at tit ud es and thos e r epr es e ntedb y t he auth or. 不论哪种情况，你必须注意并考虑你的价值观和态度与作者所述的价值观和态度有何不同。
新版英语二译文 unit 1 The Power of Language
批评性阅读阅读纪实文学适合用批评性的阅读方法，因为在非文学类作品里，作者常常会提出某种观点或是寻求作者的态度。
批评性的阅读方法是一种主动性很强的阅读方法。
它涉及到的不仅仅是理解作者所说的话。
批评性的阅读方法还涉及到质疑和评估作者所说的话，涉及到对于作者所说的话要形咸你自己的观点。
如果你想要成为一名有批评性思维的读者，在这里我列出一些你应该做到的。
仔细思考作者的写作背景。
你可能正在读一篇与你的文化背景截然不同的作者所写的文章。
或者，你可能正在读一篇写于不同于你所处的时代的文章。
不论哪种情况，你必须能搞清楚同时好好考虑你的价值观和态度与作者的不同之处。
合理质疑作者所做出的论断。
对于作者写出来的不要全盘接受。
你在接受作者的观点之前，要确保作者提供了足够多的论据来支持其论点。
你要仔细查看支持论断的事实、举例和统计数掂。
同时，你要查看作者是否参考了权威专家的著作。
把作者所写的内容和该题材其他著作作对比。
看看作者所写的内容与该题材领域其他人所写的是否一致。
如果有不一致之处，要仔细评估该处作者提供的论据。
认真分析作者所做的假设。
假设指的是作者为了提出其论断所必须相信是正确的那些观点。
在许多情况下，作者的假设都不是直接陈述出来的。
这就意味着你必须通过仔细地阅读来找到作者的所做的那些假定。
一旦你找到一个假设，你必须抖断一下这个假设是否是合理的。
评估作者的引用来源。
评估时，要确定这些来源是合适的。
举例来说，如果作者写的是吴于物理学上里程碑式的成就，那么爱因斯坦就是一个可靠的引用。
第二，要确定这些引用是相关的。
如果文章主题是诗歌，那么爱因斯坦这个例子就是不相关的。
最后，如果作者所写的主题是当今局势，那就一定要确保引用来源也是当前的。
例如，如果作者讨论的是物理学当今的学科知识情况，那么20世纪早期爱因斯坦的研究可能就不太适合了。
识别作者可能带有的偏见。
有关美国政治的书面论述可能因作者是共和党人或是民主党人迥然而异。
写出来的文章可能会很好地反映出作者的偏见态度和立场。
自考英语二(新版) 原文 Unit 1 The Power of Language
Unit 1 The Power of LanguageA Famous QuoteLanguage is the dress of thought.------Samuel JohnsonSamuel Johnson(1709-1784), British man of letters, one of the most outstanding figures of the 18th century in England. He made lasting contributions to English literature as a poet, essayist, moralist, literary critic, biographer, editor and lexicographer. Johnson has been described as “arguably the most distinguished man of letters in English history.”Text A Critical ReadingPre-reading Questions1. Do you usually challenge the idea an author represents? What do you think isactive reading?2. What suggestions do you expect the author will give on reading critically?Critical reading applies to non-fiction writing in which the author puts forth a position or seeks to make a statement. Critical reading is active reading. It involves more than just understanding what an author is saying. Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying, and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying. Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader.Consider the context of what is written. You may be reading something that was written by an author from a different cultural context than yours. Or, you may be reading something written sometime ago in a different time context than yours. In either case, you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author.Question assertions made by the author. Don’t accept wha t is written at face value. Before accepting what is written, by certain that the author provides sufficient support for any assertions made. Look for facts, examples, and statistics that provide support. Also, look to see if the author has integrated the work of authorities.Compare what is written with other written work on the subject. Look to see that what is written is consistent with that others have written about the subject. If there are inconsistencies, carefully evaluate the support the author provides for the inconsistencies.Analyze assumptions made by the author. Assumptions are whatever the author must believe is true in order to make assertions. In many cases, the author’s assumptions are not directly stated. This means you must read carefully in order to identify any assumptions. Once you identify an assumption, you must decide whether or not the assumption is valid.Evaluate the sources the author uses. In doing this, by certain that the sources are credible. For example, Einstein is a credible source if the author is writing about landmark achievements in physics. Also be certain that the sources are relevant. Einstein is not a relevant source when the subject is poetry. Finally, if the author is writing about a subject in its current state, be sure that the sources are current. For example, studies done by Einstein in the early 20th century may not be appropriate if the writer is discussing the current state of knowledge in physics.Identify any possible author bias. A written discussion of American politics will likely look considerably different depending on whether the writer is a Democrat or a Republican. What is written may very well reflect a biased position. You need to take this possible bias into account when reading what the author h as written. That is, take what is written with “a grain of salt.”By being a critical reader, you will become better informed and may change your views as appropriate.Text B The Language of ConfidencePre-reading Questions1. Are there any words that make you feel confident or diffident?2. Do you believe that language can influence people’s thought? Give someexample.The language we use programs our brain. Mastering our language give us a great degree of mastery over our lives and our destinies. It is important to use the language in the best way possible in order to dramatically improve our quality of life.Even the smallest of words can have the deepest effect on our subconscious mind, which is like a child, and it doesn’t really understand the difference between what really happens and what you imagine. It is eager to please and willing to carry out any commands that you give it--- whether you do this knowingly or not is entirely up to you.“Try”It is a small word yet it has an amazing impact upon us. If someone says,“I’ll try to do that” you know that they are not going to be putting their whole heart into it, and may not even do it at all. How often do you use the word try when talking about the things that matter to you? Do say “I’ll try to be more confi dent” or “I’ll try to do that” or “I’ll try to call”?Think about something that you would like to achieve, and say it to yourself in two different ways. Firstly say, “I’ll try to …” and notice how you feel. Next say, “I will do …” and see how you feel.Th e latter makes you feel better than the first one, doesn’t it? It gives you a sense of determination, a feeling that it will be done. Listen to the people around you and when they say they will try to notice if it gets done or not. Eliminate the word try from your dictionary and see how your life improves.“Can’t”This is another small word with a big impact. It disempowers us, makes us feel weak and helpless, and damages our self-esteem. It limits our infinite abilities and stifles creativity. Rub it out from your internal dictionary and replace it with something that makes you feel great.Instead of saying you can’t, why not say something like “I choose …” or “I choose not to …” Using words like this allows you to take back your power and to be in control of your life.Words may appear small and insignificant, yet they have a deep and lasting effect on us. Mastering your language gives you the power to live whatever life you desire.What words do you use a lot that disempower you? Make a list of words you commonly use and then write next to them some alternatives you can use. Make these alternatives words that make you feel fabulous, not only about yourself, but about life and what you are doing!。
英语二自学教程课文翻译
Unit l The Power of Language参考译文/对话范例请朗读下面的对话，注意说话者提出建议的方式。
史蒂夫：嗨，珍妮，想不想这周末一起做点什么？珍妮：当然了。
做什么呢？史蒂夫：不知道。
你有什么想法吗？珍妮：看电影怎么样？史蒂夫：好主意。
看什么电影呢？珍妮：那就看"机动部队4"吧。
史蒂夫：我不想看那部电影，我不喜欢看充满暴力的影片。
"疯狂的布朗医生"怎么样？听说很有趣。
珍妮：好的。
就看这部吧！几点开场？史蒂夫：8点在瑞克斯影院。
看电影之前我们吃点东西怎么样？珍妮：当然了，好主意。
去新开的意大利餐馆梅开缇吧。
史蒂夫：太好了1 6点钟在那不见不散。
珍妮：好的。
6点钟梅开缇见。
再见。
史蒂夫：再见。
指导实践要求：给你的朋友提一些建议，告诉他们什么地方适合度假。
利用你自己的信息，也可以运用下面的提示。
你想去""吗？我们去""好吗？我们去""吧。
我们为什么不去""呀？去""怎么样？好主意。
谢谢你，给了我那么多好的建议。
TextA读前问题：1．通常情况下，你是否会反对作者提出的观点？你认为什么是积极阅读？2．你希望作者就批判性阅读提出什么样的建议呢？批判性阅读批判性阅读适用于非小说类文学写作，作者要么提出观点，要么陈述事实。
批判性阅读就是积极阅读，不仅仅要解决作者所说的话，还要对其提出质疑，进展评价，进而形成自己的独特的观点。
要想成为批判性读者，就要做到以下几点：考虑写作的语境。
你所阅读的文章，其作者的文化背景也许与你截然不同，抑或文章是以前写的，与你所处的时代也完全不同。
无论哪种情况，你都必须意识到你的价值观和态度与作者所述的价值观和态度是不同的，要充分考虑这些差异。
质疑作者提出的观点。
不要按照字面意思来理解文章的内容，在此之前，一定要搞清楚作者是否提供了足够的证据，证明他的观点是正确的。
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Unit 1 The Power of LanguageText A Critical Reading批判性地阅读（翻译）批判性阅读适合于那种作者提出一个观点或试图陈述一个说法的纪实类写作。
批判性阅读是积极阅读。
它不仅仅包括理解作者说了些什么，还包括质疑和评价作者的话，并对此形成自己的观点。
成为一名批判性阅读者需要做到以下几点。
考虑写作背景。
你所读的可能是与你有不同文化背景的人所写的，或者是与你有不同时代背景的人多年以前所写的。
无论哪种情况，你都必须注意并考虑你的价值观和态度与作者所代表的价值观和态度有何不同。
质疑作者的论点。
不要轻信作品的表面意思。
在接受作者观点前，首先要确定作者作出的每一个论点都有足够的论据支持。
找出能支持该论点的事实、实例、和数据。
另外，注意作者是否参考了权威着作。
与同主题文章进行比较。
查看该作者的文章与其他作者关于同一主题的文章是否有一致性。
如果存在不一致性，对不一致的地方背后的论据支持要进行仔细甄别。
分析作者提出的假设。
假设是作者认为具有正确性的前提，基于这些前提作者才能提出论点。
很多时候作者的假设并没有直接说明，这就意味着你必须通过仔细阅读来发现这些假设。
一旦发现某一假设，你必须判断这一假设是否合理。
鉴别文章出处。
鉴别时要确保文章出处真实可信。
例如，如果文章是关于物理学里程碑式的成就，那么爱因斯坦的论述就是可靠的出处。
此外还要确保出处具有相关性。
如果文章主题是诗歌，那么爱因斯坦的论述就不是相关出处。
最后，如果作者写的是某个主题当前的情形，那就要确保出处来源也是当前最新的。
例如，如果作者讨论的是物理学知识的现状，那么爱因斯坦在二十世纪早期进行的研究可能就不适合作出处了。
甄别作者可能带有的偏见。
有关美国政治的书面论述可能因作者是共和党人或民主党人迥然而异。
作者所写的内容很可能反映其带有偏见的立场。
阅读时要考虑到这种偏见存在的可能性。
也就是说，要对文章内容“半信半疑”。
成为一名批判性阅读者，你的思路会不断拓宽，观点会更加合理。
Exercises I Checking your comprehension1、【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题为句意理解题。
由文中第一段Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying, and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying 可知，非文学类作品的批评性阅读是要提出自己的观点和摆明自己的态度，选项B,即提出自己的观点，最为恰当。
答案为B。
2、【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题为句意理解题。
由文中第三段第三句，Before accepting what is written, be certain that the author provides sufficient support for any assertions made 可知，选项A符合文中意思，即你在接受作者的观点之前，要确信有足够的论据支持作者的论点。
答案为A。
3、【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题为句意理解题。
由文中第四段末句，If there are inconsistencies, carefully evaluate the support the author provides for the inconsistencies 可知，选项D最符合原文，即如果文章中有不一致的观点时，你要仔细阅读并检查作者所提出的支持其论点的论证。
答案为D。
4、【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题为细节题。
由文中第六段第三句, Einstein is a credible source if the author is writing about landmark achievements in physics 可知，如果文章讲的是关于物理学的突破时，爱因斯坦就是相关的例子。
答案为A。
5、【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题为文章大意总结题。
由课文最后一段结束句，By being a critical reader, you will become better informed and may change your views as appropriate 可知，课文结束说通过做一名有判断力的读者，你会变得见多识广，也能使你的观点更恰当，所以选项C最符合课文的意思。
答案为C。
Exercise IISection A Building your vocabulary1、【正确答案】consistent【答案解析】be consistent with…固定短语，意为“与……相符“。
其中be动词are 后面应该是表语形容词consistent，而consistency 是名词形式。
答案为consistent。
2、【正确答案】statement【答案解析】statement，名词，说明、表态，而state 表示“陈述”时是动词，做名词解时是“国家，现状”的意思。
答案为statement。
3、【正确答案】reflect【答案解析】译文：此统计数据反映了人们消费习惯方面的变化。
这里句子缺少的是谓语动词，而reflection是名词。
reflect，动词，显示、表明。
答案为reflect。
4、【正确答案】invalid【答案解析】译文：我担心你的驾驶执照在东欧无效。
invalid 是valid 的反义词，意为“无效的”。
答案为invalid。
5、【正确答案】considerably【答案解析】译文：二十五美元比他原来估计的多多了。
considerably，副词，很，非常，相当多地。
答案为considerably。
6、【正确答案】comparison【答案解析】译文：直接对比两种语言是不可能的。
这里空格处的单词是主语中心词，主语中心词不能是动词。
comparison, 名词，表示“比较，对比”；compare 是其动词形式。
答案为comparison。
Section B1、【正确答案】credible【答案解析】句意：我的意见是，没有反对他的可信的证据。
这里against sb.指的是反对某人。
形容词credible 意为可信的。
答案为credible。
2、【正确答案】identify【答案解析】句意：甚至最小的小婴儿都可以通过声音来识别辨认出他的母亲。
本空缺少谓语动词，identify 意为辨认，辨识，符合题意。
答案为identify。
3、【正确答案】assumption【答案解析】句意：人们容易根据你的外表做出一些假设。
本空缺少宾语，应选用名词。
assumption为名词，意为假设、假定，符合题意。
答案为assumption。
4、【正确答案】represents【答案解析】句意：这篇新闻报道描述了我们学校目前的状况。
其中represent，动词，描述、表现，此处要注意时态。
答案为represents。
5、【正确答案】evaluated【答案解析】句意：每年，每一位员工的表现每年都会被评估一次。
注意此句子中的被动语态，员工绩效被评估，所以动词evaluate 应为被动式evaluated。
答案为evaluated。
6、【正确答案】appropriate【答案解析】句意：我们需要确保他们所接受的教育适合他们的需求。
appropriate 是形容词，指的是“合适的”。
答案为appropriate。
Section C1、【正确答案】to【答案解析】译文：表格的那一部分是针对英国公民的，和你没关系。
apply to，固定搭配，应用，使用。
答案为to。
2、【正确答案】forth【答案解析】译文：争议之所以产生，是因为要修改该项运动的一些规则。
put forth，固定搭配，提出，产生。
答案为forth。
3、【正确答案】into【答案解析】take...into account ，固定搭配，考虑到，顾及。
答案为into。
4、【正确答案】in【答案解析】译文：在俄罗斯事务方面，他被公认为是一个专家。
答案为in。
5、【正确答案】with【答案解析】compare...with…为固定搭配，把……和……做对比，比较。
答案为with。
6、【正确答案】to【答案解析】be relevant to，固定搭配，有关的，相关的。
答案为to。
Unit 1 Text BThe Language of Confidence1、自信的语言语言能影响我们的大脑。
掌握语言就能在很大程度上掌握我们的生活和命运。
将语言发挥到极致可以极大地改善我们的生活质量，这一点至关重要再短的单词也能对我们的潜意识产生深远的影响。
我们的潜意识就像一个孩子，分不清真实发生的事和自己想象的事。
它渴望取悦，乐意听从你给它的任何命令，而你是有意还是无意地做这些完全取决于你。
2、“尽力”这是一个简单的词，却能对我们产生不简单的影响。
如果有人说“我会尽力做这件事的”，你知道他其实并不打算全心全意做这件事，甚至可能根本不会去做。
你有多少次在谈论对于你非常重要的事时使用了“尽力”这个词?你是否说过“我会尽力做到更加自信”、“我会尽力去做这件事”或者“我会尽力去呼喊”?想一件你想完成的事情，然后用两种不同的方式对自己说。
首先说“我会尽力去做……”，然后注意你会有什么感受。
再对自己说“我要做……”，然后看你又会有什么感受。
后一种方式给你的感受要比前一种好，不是吗?它给你一种坚定感，一种事情一定会完成的感觉。
听听你身边的人怎么说，如果他们说他们会尽力，看看事情最后是不是完成了。
从你的词典里删除“尽力”这个词，看看你的生活会如何改善。
3、“不能”这又是一个简单却影响巨大的词。
它让我们失去力量，让我们感到脆弱与无助，让我们的自尊心受到伤害。
它限制了我们无限的才能，扼杀了我们的创造力。
把这个词从你内心的词典里擦去吧，换一个让你感到伟大的词。
不要说你“不能”，为什么不换一个别的说法，比如“我选择……”或者“我选择不……”。
使用这些词能让你恢复力量，掌控自己的生活。
一些词语或许看似简单、微不足道，却能对我们产生深刻而持久的影响。
掌握你的语言能让你获得力量去实现你渴望的生活。
你使用过哪些让你失去力量的词? 列出你常用的这类词，然后在旁边写出它们的替代词。
让这些替代词不仅使你对自己感觉良好，而且使你对生活、对正在做的事情感觉无限美好吧!链接→电影《铁娘子The Iron Lady》Watch your thoughts, for they become words.Watch your words, for they become actions.Watch your actions, for they become habits.Watch your habits, for they become your character.Watch your character, for it becomes your destiny.What we think, we become.积思成言。