高一英语阅读理解专项练习议论文类

合集下载

高考英语专项复习《阅读理解议论文》高考真题汇总

高考英语专项复习《阅读理解议论文》高考真题汇总2023年高考真题Passage 1【2023年全国乙卷】If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that, but in many cases we simply can’t. The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhaps the first conflict, at Botany Bay, between Captain Cook’s voyage and the Australian Aboriginals. From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain’s record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield (盾) dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot. If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day, the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports.In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories. The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider contact (联系) between literate and non-literate societies such as these, all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue. If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects.12. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. How past events should be presented.B. What humanity is concerned about.C. Whether facts speak louder than words.D. Why written language is reliable.13. What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in paragraph 2?A. His report was scientific.B. He represented the local people.C. He ruled over Botany Bay.D. His record was one-sided.14. What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Problem.B. History.C. Voice.D. Society.15. Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from?A. How Maps Tell Stories of the WorldB. A Short History of AustraliaC. A History of the World in 100 ObjectsD. How Art Works Tell Stories2023年名校模拟题Passage 1（2023·山东·山东省实验中学校考二模）Danone Portugal introduced a new yogurt named Juntos. For every pack of yogurt that a person bought, he would donate yogurt to a family in need. Danone had done its research. Increasingly, people say they want to buy from brands that give them a sense of purpose. Surely a yogurt that helped the needy would be appealing. But Juntos was a failure. Despite sinking millions into a marketing campaign, Danone pulled Juntos from the market only months after it was launched. Now the same product is simply marketed as a tasty yogurt.What happened? To find the reason behind Juntos’ failure, Lawrence Williams and his colleagues did an experiment where they showed people some products and asked these people to pick one option. They reminded some to focus on the “purposeful and valuable” aspect while others were told to “enjoy themselves” and focus on “delight and pleasure.” They found that participants who prioritized meaning preferred the less expensive product when compared with people who put pleasure in the first place.So why were meaning-seekers cheaping out? Lawrence Williams asked participants to explain their decision-making to find out. He learned that meaning-oriented people were not thinking about how the product they might buy could bring meaning to their lives. Instead, they were occupied with what else they could do with their money.I am all for people making wise and strategic financial choices. But cheap products can create many problems. Inexpensive options often do not last as long as the higher-end ones. As a result, we shop more often, which is ultimately worse for our wallets. Plus, that spending pattern can do a greater damage to the environment. Thanks in part to fast fashion, people buy 60 percent more clothing today than they did 15 years ago. The fashion industry alone emits more greenhouse gases than international flights and maritime (海洋的) shipping combined.So before you dive into your wallet for some deals, try not to fix only on what you are spending or saving. Think carefully about what you are buying, too.1．What is the main reason for the failure of Juntos?A．It ignored marketing strategies.B．It priced itself relatively high.C．It lacked a particularly good taste.D．It focused on delight and pleasure. 2．What can be inferred about meaning seekers?A．They frequent high-end stores.B．They think products extend their lives. C．They hesitate to make decisions.D．They make more purchases with money. 3．How is Paragraph 4 mainly developed?A．By giving some examples.B．By listing numbers and data.C．By explaining reasons.D．By making some comparisons.4．Which is the most suitable title for the text?A．Innovation: a Product’s Life B．To Buy or not to BuyC．Meaning seekers or Quality-pursuers D．Fast Fashion: a Hit to Your WalletPassage 2（2023·山东淄博·统考三模）There is no universally accepted age that is considered old among or within societies. Often disagreements exist as to what age a society may consider old and what members in that society of that age and older may consider old. Moreover, biologists are not in agreement about the existence of an internal biological cause foraging.In general the social status of an age group is related to its effective influence in its society, which is associated with that group’s function in productivity. In agricultural societies the elderly have a status of respectability. Their life experiences and knowledge are regarded as valuable, especially in preliterate (尚无文字的) societies where knowledge is orally transmitted. The range of activities in these societies allows the elderly to continue to be productive members of their communities.In industrialized nations, although in certain fields old age is still considered significant, particularly in the political field, older people are increasingly being forced into retirement before their productive years are over, causing problems in their psychological adaptations to old age. Retirement is not regarded unfavorably in all instances, but its economic limitations tend to further remove older people from the range of influence and raise problems in the extended use of leisure time and housing. As a consequence, financial preparation for retirement has become an increased concern for individuals and society.Familial relationships tend to be the focus of the elderly’s attention. However, the tendency for young people in industrialized countries to be highly mobile has forced older people to decide whether to move to keep up with their families or to remain in neighborhoods which also change, altering their familiar patterns of activity. Although most older people do live within an hour from their closest child, industrialized societies are faced with formulating programs to accommodate increasing numbers of older people who function independently of their families. Adult education programs are beginning to close the generation gap; however, as each successive generation reaches old age, bringing with it its particular tendencies and preferences, new problems arise requiring new social accommodations.5．What counts for the elderly in agricultural societies?A．Their status of respectability.B．Their value in productivity.C．Their rich knowledge in education.D．Their extraordinary ability to work. 6．What can we learn about the elderly’s retirement from Paragraph 3?A．It has faded the elderly worries.B．It means the end of productive ability.C．It is considered beneficial in all distances.D．It influences the elderly psychologically and financially.7．What does the underlined word “formulating” in Paragraph 4 mean?A．Planning.B．Changing.C．Extending.D．Canceling.8．Where is this text probably taken from?A．A personal journal.B．A science research.C．A social issue review.D．A community brochure.Passage 3（2023·河南郑州·统考模拟预测）Some experts have been concerned lately about robots leaving humans behind, taking our jobs and possibly a lot more, as in sci-fi films. Christ of Koch, a famous neuroscientist (神经学家), has suggested a novel method. To keep up with the machines, we should increase our brainpower with brain implants (植人物).Koch notes that brain implants are already helping the paralyzed or people unable to move control computers and robots, and they are being explored for the treatment of mental disorders. Future implants could help us download huge amounts of information instantly, he says, so we can learn “novel skills and facts without even trying”. “Another exciting aspect,” Koch says, “is combining two or more brains into a single conscious mind by direct neuron-to-neuron links.” Koch calls for a “crash program” in brain technologies to make us smarter.But Koch ignores the obvious facts that bad persons can hack (侵入) into our smartphones and laptops. What if hackers could attack our brains? They may be able to spy on, change or control the memories of people implanted with brain devices. What’s more, we are nowhere close to being able to strengthen the brain in the manner that Koch imagines. Scientists have been experimenting with neuro-technologies for mental illness for more than half a century, and they have little to show for it.Koch genuinely feared that science, far from addressing our problems, might exacerbate them. The use of robots in the workshop, for example, could cause mass unemployment. Do we just count the immediate job losses—without measuring any other potential positive effect on the economy? Despite losing some jobs to robots in the short term, the increase in productivity will help our overall economy grow faster, which, in turn, will create more, higher quality jobs than we had before.The future is not as scary as we think. Perhaps we’ve got serious problems on our hands, and we have a lot of work to do to settle them. Brain implants are not the answer.9．What leads to Koch’s optimism about future brain implants?A．The great advance in AI research.B．Their application in medical fields.C．The breakthrough in surgical techniques.D．Their easy adaptation to the human body.10．How does the author feel about Koch’s “crash program” in brain technologies?A．Disapproving.B．Unconcerned.C．Favorable.D．Excited. 11．What does the underlined word “exacerbate” in paragraph 4 mean?A．Avoid.B．Worsen.C．Reduce.D．Answer. 12．What’s the best title for the text?A．Are Brain Implants at Risk of Hacker Attack?B．Will Robots Take the Place of Humans in Future?C．Will Brain Implants Let the Disabled Live Normally?D．Do We Need Brain Implants to Keep Up with Robots?Passage 4（2023·山西·校联考模拟预测）What do you want from life? Perhaps you want to spend more time with your family, or get a more secure job, or improve your health. But why do you want those things? Chances are that your answer will come down to one thing: Happiness.Yet there is some evidence that too much pursuit of happiness is associated with a greater risk of depression. Modern conceptions of happiness are primarily practical, focusing on what we might call the techniques of happiness. The concern is not what happiness is, but instead on how to get it.But maximizing pleasure isn’t the only option. Every human life, even the most fortunate, is filled with pain. Painful loss, painful disappointments, the physical pain of injury or sickness, and the mental pain of long-suffering boredom, loneliness, or sadness. Pain is an unavoidable consequence of being alive. All the good things in life involve suffering. Writing a novel, running a marathon, or giving birth all cause suffering in pursuit of the final, joyous result.There are other factors as well. In the eyes of Aristotle, we get happiness by exercising our uniquely human capabilities to think and reason. But thinking and reasoning are as much social activities as they are individual. Happiness requires others; it is not an emotional state so much as it is the excellence of the relations we cultivate with other people.But even that cannot guarantee happiness. Aristotle recognised that our happiness is hostage （人质）to fortune. Events beyond any individual’s control—war, poverty, and global pandemics—will often make happiness impossible. Happiness is not a mental state that can be permanently won, but instead it’s a practice which we hone（磨练）, imperfectly, in circumstances only partly of our making.Recognizing this will not secure a good life, but it will avoid the illusory（虚幻的）hope of permanent contentment. No life worth living should meet the only standard. Instead, aim with Aristotle to embrace those faults and to flower in spite of them.13．Where can you find negative effects of focusing too much on “happiness”?A．In paragraph 2.B．In paragraph 3.C．In paragraph 4.D．In paragraph 5.14．How does the author prove that pain is an unavoidable result of being alive?A．By making comparisons.B．By analyzing causes.C．By giving examples.D．By telling stories.15．What is Aristotle’s view on happiness?A．Happiness is a stable emotional state.B．Good personal relationships lead to happiness.C．Taking part in social activities guarantees happiness.D．Happiness promotes independent thinking and reasoning.16．What is the text mainly about?A．Happiness is what humans pursue forever.B．Happiness lies in the process of pursuing it.C．Our pursuit of happiness may be imperfect.D．Depression and happiness are equally important.Passage 5（2022·广东佛山·统考模拟预测）One of the oldest metaphors (隐喻) for human interaction with technology is the relationship of master and slave. Aristotle imagined that technology could replace slavery if machine became automated. Marx and Engels saw things differently. “Masses of laborers are daily and hourly enslaved by the machine,” they wrote in the Communist Manifesto.Today, computers often play both roles. Nicholas Carr, in his new book The Glass Cage: Automation and Us, takes a stand on whether such technology imprisons or liberates its users. We are increasingly engaged, he argues, but the invisibility of our high-tech traps gives us the ‘image of freedom’. He describes doctors who rely so much on decision-assistance software that they overlook signals that are not obvious from patients.All of this has obvious implications for the use of technology in classrooms: When do technologies free students to think about more interesting and complex questions, and when do they destroy the very cognitive (认知) capacities that they are meant to improve? The effect of spell check and AutoCorrect software is an example. Psychologists have found the act of forming a word in your mind strengthens your capacity to remember it. When a computer automatically corrects a spelling mistake, we’re no longer forced to form the correct spelling in our minds.This might not seem very important. The process of word formation is not just supplementing spelling skills, it’s also destroying students. When students find themselves without automated spelling assistance, they don’t face the prospect of freezing to death, as the Inuits did when their GPS malfunctioned, but they’re more likely to make errors. This creates a vicious cycle: The more we use the technology, the more we need to use it in all circumstances. Suddenly, our position as masters of technology starts to seem more insecure.17．What did Marx and Engels think of the machine?A．It did the boring daily work for people.B．It failed to free people from being enslaved.C．It gave people more time to enjoy themselves.D．It was the result of the development of technology.18．Which of the following is Nicholas Carr most likely to agree with?A．Technology is a guarantee of freedom.B．Doctors should stay away from technology.C．Too much involvement with technology may be risky.D．Some decision-assistance software needs improving.19．What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph4 refer to?A．Students being unable to spell words correctly.B．Spell check helping students remember more words.C．Students depending too much on spelling software.D．Spellcheck destroying students’ cognitive capacities.20．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A．Is technology making people stupid or not?B．Which areas are most affected by technology?C．Are people satisfied with the advancement of technology?D．Why shouldn’t technology be employed in the classroom?Passage 6（2022·湖北·校联考模拟预测）When I stepped into the Samcheong Park Library in Seoul, I saw the future. The simple building had a nice selection of books and a cafe where readers could enjoy coffee while gazing at the leaves outside. It was specifically designed without any latest technology.“What’s so innovative about that?” a librarian in Toronto asked when I showed her pictures. I Innovation to her meant digital technology, like 3D printers. “Why couldn’t they both be innovative?” I asked.We are constantly told that innovation is the most important force in our economy, without which we would be left behind. But that fear of missing out has led us to fall into the false trappings of innovation over truly innovative ideas that may be simpler and more effective. This mindset implies that if you just buy the new thing, you have innovated! Each year, businesses and individuals run around like broken toy robots, trying to figure out their strategy for the latest buzzword equipment.At best, this is a waste of resources. Devices are bought, used and abandoned, as the technology’s capabilities fall short of its promise. But at its worst, this approach can truly cause damage. Schools cut field trips to purchase tablets with few proven benefits. Companies thatapplied AI into hiring have actually strengthened gender and racial prejudices.True innovation isn’t just some magic devices. It is a continuing process of reflection and reassessment, which often means adopting “old” ideas and tools in a new context, or even returning to methods that worked in the past. Adjusted properly, these rearview (后视的) innovations have proved as transformative as novel technologies.Look no farther than the streets of New York, which have been redesigned recently to accommodate cyclists with car-free zones. The idea isn’t new. It was created half a century ago, with the aim of bringing cities back to their residents. And while e-reader sales have been exploding, Penguin just announced it would publish tiny printed books, an ideal solution for a market demanding both convenience and physicality.21．How does the author like about the Samcheong Park Library in Seoul? A．Unexceptional.B．Boring.C．Refreshing.D．Old-fashioned.22．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3?A．Innovation is important for the growth of economy.B．The public has misread the meaning of innovation.C．The true meaning of innovation is to buy new things.D．Truly innovative ideas shouldn’t be simple and effective.23．What does the writer agree with about innovation?A．Wasting resources are a must for innovation.B．Magic devices encourage innovation.C．Innovation should be human-centered.D．The power of technology is undervalued.24．What is the writing purpose of the text?A．To convince people of the true meaning of innovation.B．To show that future lies in returning to the past.C．To introduce some best ideas about innovation.D．To stress the important role innovation plays in economy.Passage 7（2022·湖北·校联考模拟预测）A measure in the House’s $ 2 trillion economic bill would require states to cut greenhouse gas emissions (排放) promising rewards for transportation departments that post reductions and “consequences” for those that don’t.Peter A．DeFazio, chairman of the Transportation Committee, said the proposal is designed to push states to act. “We’re going to give them very large motivation to actually make those meaningful targets and deliver on those targets,” he said. According to the proposal, states that cut emissions could get a $ 1 billion pot of money and potentially receive other bonus funding fromthe federal government. The bill doesn’t spell out potential consequences for not reducing emissions, leaving the decision to national transportation officials. Experts say they could include barriers to accessing highly prized grant funds (拨款).Much of the attention on cutting emissions from the transport industry-the nation’s largest emitter of greenhouse gases-has focused on the adoption of electric vehicles by putting money in charging factories and supporting battery-powered cars. The new measure sides with environmental advocates who argue the nation can’t battle a changing climate without changing how Americans move around. Environmentalists say the nation’s changing to electric vehicles probably won’t happen quickly enough to limit temperature rises unless Americans can be convinced to drive less, and that would mean building new networks focused on walking, cycling and transit (运输).Opposition to the emission measure is deep-seated. The heads of five western state transportation departments wrote a letter to Capitol’s committee last month saying the proposal would harm rural areas because options such as heavy-traffic pricing are not well-suited to places which are populated in few people, and it doesn’t make sense to target those state agencies when there are multiple reasons that influence emissions, including fuel economy standards for cars and local decisions about where to build stores and homes.Kevin DeGood, a transportation researcher, said basic construction shape how people can get around. “It is funny that the state transportation departments suggest in the letter that they do not deeply influence greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation industry,” he said.25．How does the government provide motivation?A．By praising.B．By punishing.C．By financing.D．By restricting.26．What is an intended result of the bill?A．Greatly changed climate.B．More convenient stores.C．Stable fuel economy standards.D．Eco-friendly transport system.27．Why did some states mention heavy-traffic pricing?A．To oppose the emission measure.B．To introduce solutions to emission.C．To call for attention to rural areas.D．To list several reasons for emission. 28．What’s Kevin’s attitude towards the letter in paragraph 4?A．Supportive.B．Disapproving.C．Shocked.D．Confident.Passage 8（2023·四川成都·成都七中校考模拟预测）Thanks to in-depth reporting by The Wall Street Journal, we now know that Facebook has long been aware its product Instagram has harmful effects on the mental health of many adolescent users. Young girls, in particular, struggle withtheir body image thanks to a constant stream of photos and videos showing beautiful bodies that users don’t think they can attain.While the information the journal covered is essential and instructive, it does not tell the whole story. Deep down, this is not an Instagram problem; it’s a people problem. Understanding that distinction can make the difference between a failed attempt to contain a teen’s interest in an addictive app and successfully addressing the underlying problem leading to mental distress caused by Instagram.Critics were quick to shame Facebook for sitting on the data and not releasing it to researchers or academics who asked for it. Others criticize the social media giant for not using the research to create a safer experience for its teen users. The anger, while understandable, is misplaced.While I’m reluctant to defend Facebook, I’m not sure it’s reasonable to blame the company for refusing to give data that would hurt its business. Have you ever binge-watched a Netflix series? I assure you it wasn’t a healthy endeavor. You were inactive, likely did nothing productive, mindlessly snacked and didn’t go outside for fresh air. It is an objectively harmful use of time to stare at a TV or laptop for a full weekend. Should we respond by shaming Netflix for not alerting us to how damaging an addictive product can be?While it’s reasonable to say Instagram makes esteem issues worse, it is almost impossible to believe it causes them in the first place. You create your own experiences on social media. For the most part, you choose which accounts to follow and engage. If you’re already vulnerable to insecurities and self-sabotage (自损) — as many teens are — you will find accounts to obsess over. And this isn’t a new phenomenon.Before social media, there were similar issues fueling self-esteem issues. Whether the target be magazines, movies or television shows depicting difficult-to-attain bodies, there has been a relatively steady chorus of experts noting the damage new media could cause young viewers.Self-esteem issues have an underlying cause — one that’s independent of social media use. Instagram merely enhances those feelings because it provides infinitely more access to triggers than older forms of media. It’s more worthwhile to address those underlying factors rather than to attack Facebook.29．What does the author think of the criticisms against Instagram?A．They address the mental pain caused by Instagram.B．They are not directed at the fundamental problem.C．They are only based on the data released by Facebook.D．They are effective in changing teens’ interest in addictive apps.30．Why is Netflix mentioned?A．To defend why Facebook is to blame.B．To show Netflix does more harm to teens.C．To suggest the critics’ remarks are not to the point.D．To compare the criticisms against it and Facebook.31．Why is the Instagram problem essentially a “people problem”?A．People have a tendency to feel insecure online.B．People are keen on making up their self-profile.C．It is human nature to get addicted to social media.D．Users decide on their experiences on social media.32．What is the passage mainly about?A．The fierce criticism faced by Facebook.B．The harmful impact of Instagram on teenagers.C．The alarming online habits of teenagers worldwide.D．The root of mental sufferings caused by Instagram.Passage 9（2023·广东韶关·统考二模）Many of us seem to have lives that follow a certain path. From kindergarten all the way to marriage, every stage of our lives seems to be preset. Although this works well for many people, according to British motivational philosopher Jay Shetty, there is no “right” schedule to live our lives by.A few months ago, a video of Shetty’s speech Before You Feel Pressure went viral on the Internet across the world. In the video, he sends an important message that we should think “outside of the path” and have the courage to follow our hearts. Shetty adds that, we don’t have to get stressed and put ourselves in a race with our peers or judge our lives based on others. Everything in life happens according to our time, our clocks.In his inspiring speech, Shetty points out that UK author J. K. Rowling got her famous Harry Potter series published at age 32, after being turned down by 12 publishers. Shetty also mentions that Chinese businessman Jack Ma didn’t even start the Alibaba Group until he was 35 and US actor Morgan Freeman didn’t get his big break until he was 52 years old.We shouldn’t let anyone rush us. As Albert Einstein once said, “Not everything that counts can be counted, and not everything that’s counted truly counts. ”The key to staying on our own tracks is to be patient and embrace our own passions. In Australian nurse Bronnie Ware’s best-selling book, she recorded the regrets of her dying patients, and the top one on the list was, “I wish l had the courage to live a life true to myself, not the one others expected of me.” Indeed, we are all unique in our personalities and gifts, and there’s no perfect fit for all. We should listen to our inner voices and unlearn what the world has taught us.“It is important to allow people to go back to being self-aware of their own interests, needs and concerns”, Shetty told National Geographic. “It’s disconnecting from what ‘makes sense’ to what actually moves you and what makes sense internally.”33．What is many people’s life path like according to Paragraph 1?。

(专题)高一年级英语阅读理解专项练习附答案共50篇

高中阅读理解专项训练附答案解析1篇Friendships are very important to teenagers. Friendships provide teenagers with chances to develop social skills. Teenagers can learn how to end a fight and still remain friends. Friends provide fun and excitement for teenagers through games. Friends also give advice to one another. Teenagers talk through lots of problems with their friends. Friendships also provide help during times of difficulty. It is helpful for teenagers to have a friend who is going through the same situations.Wh at happens when youth don’t have friends? Teenagers without friends are usually more lonely and unhappy. They will have lower levels of grades and lower confidence. As they get older, they are more apt to drop out of school.As kids move into their teenager years, friends and friendships play an important role in teenager life as a way of getting personal enjoyment and social learning.Most teenagers will have friends who parents either like or dislike. However, it is important to keep in mind that one way teenagers can truly learn how to choose and keep friends is through personal experience, which is sure to have some mistakes. Parents should not be too hard on teenagers when they choose friends who are not good enough or when their friendship fails. Remember, every social experience helps teenagers to learn about different people and improve social skills.As parents, it is important to encourage friendships among teenagers. However, it is important to know who your teenager’s friends are and to communicat e openly about changes in friendships with your teenagers.1．How many advantages of friends and friendship are mentioned in the first paragraph? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.2．What does the underlined sentence probably mean?A．They get better grades and leave school earlier.B．They have a lower chance of leaving school earlier.C．They have a higher chance of leaving school earlier.D．They are good at dealing with social problems after school.3．Who are the most possible readers of the passage?A．Teachers. B．Teenagers.C．Researchers. D．Parents.4．What is the best title for the passage?A．Friendship May Be DangerousB．Friendship Is Important to TeenagersC．Parents Should Choose Friends for Their ChildrenD．Parents’ Advice Is Important to Teenagers’ Friendship【答案】1．B2．C3．D4．B【分析】这是一篇议论文。

浙江省高一英语阅读理解专练议论文(二)新人教版

议论文类（I）★★Cheating can happen in a lot of different ways. When people cheat, it’s not fair to other people, like the kids who studied for the test or who were the true winners of a game.Many people like the action of cheating. It makes difficult things seem easy, like getting all the right answers on the test. But it doesn’t solve the problem of not knowing the material and it won’t help on the next test --- unless the person cheats again.Some people lose respect for cheaters and think less of them. The cheaters themselves may feel bad because they know they are not really earning that good grade. And, if they get caught cheating, they will be in trouble at school, and maybe at home, too.Some kids cheat because they’re busy or lazy and they want to get g ood grades without spending the time studying. Other kids might feel like they can’t pass the test without cheating. Even when there seems to be a “good reason” for cheating, cheating isn’t a good idea.If you were sick or upset about something the night b efore and couldn’t study, it would be better to talk with the teacher about this. And if you don’t have enough time to study for a test because of swim practice, you need to talk with your parents about how to balance swimming and school.A kid who thinks cheating is the only way to pass a test needs to talk with the teacher and his or her parents so they can find some solutions(解决办法) together. Talking about these problems and working them out will feel better than cheating. 1．The author thinks that when kids cheat in class, _______.A．it is unfair to other peopleB．it does harm to their heathC．teachers should punish themD．teachers shouldn’t stop them at once2．Some students like cheating mainly because_________.A．the material in the test is very difficultB．they want to do better than the othersC．cheating can make hard things seem very easyD．they have little time to study their lessons3．The fourth paragraph mainly tells us______.A．cheating isn’t a good ideaB．why kids cheat in the testC．so me kids can’t pass the test without cheatingD．some kids don’t spend the time studying4．We can learn from the passage______.A．cheaters are often thought highly ofB．people show no respect for those who cheatC．parents whose kids cheat are often in troubleD．kids cheat in the test because of swim practice5．In the passage those cheaters are advised to_______.A．spend more time on school than on sportsB．find good solutions instead of cheatingC．try hard to be intelligent rather than lazyD．ask their classmates for good methods of study1-5 ACBBB（II）★★If you travel by air across the center of Africa or South America, you fly over forests for thousands of kilometers. These great forests are the oceans of trees. They are full of thousands and thousands of different kinds of plants and animal.However, the world forests are getting smaller all the time. We are cutting down the trees because we need wood, and we need more farmland. Some people say that there will not be any forests like these in 20 or 30 years. What will happen if they disappear?If we cut down our forests, a lot of plants and animals will disappear from theworld. In a lot of places the new farmland will soon look like the old deserts. Crops will not grow there. It will not rain very often, and the weather will get very hot. Perhaps the climate of the world will change. This will be dangerous for everyone in the world. That is why we must take care of forests.1. The passage mainly tells us about _________.A. the importance of taking care of our forestsB. the result of cutting down the treesC. the world of great forestsD. the reasons for forming the deserts2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Africa and South America are the oceans of trees.B. Forests are homes for different kinds of animals.C. Forests are usually several square kilometers large.D. Different plants can’t be found in the same forest.3. The need for more wood and more land results in ________.A. the change of the world climateB. the disappearance of many plants and animalsC. more desert and less farmlandD. all of the above4. What will happen in 20 or 30 years in some people’s view?A. We’ll have more and great forests.B. We’ll have enough land to support our peopl e.C. We’ll have no forests like those in the center of Africa.D. We’ll have enough wood to do some cooking.5. The writer thinks ________.A. it necessary for people to cut down the forestsB. it necessary for people to protect the forestsC. it impossible for people to take care of the worldD. it important for everyone to keep animals1-5 ABDCB（III）★★Shopping is not as simple as you may think! There are all sorts of tricks at play each time we reach out for that particular brand of product on the shelf.Colouring, for example, varies according to what the producers are trying to sell. Health foods are packaged in greens, yellows or browns because we think of these as healthy colours. Ice cream packets are often blue and expensive goods, like chocolates, are gold or silver.When some kind of pain killer was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective. Eventually, it came on the market in a dark blue and white package—blue because we think of it as safe, and white as calm.The size of a product can attract a shopper. But quite often a bottle doesn’t contain as much as it appears to.It is believed that the better-known companies spend, on average, 70 percent of the total cost of the product itself on packaging!The most successful producers know that it’s n ot enough to have a good product. The founder of Pears soap, who for 25 years has used pretty little girls to promote (推销) their goods, came to the conclusion: “Any fool can make soap, but it takes a genius to sell it.”1．Which of the following may trick a shopper into buying a product according to the text?A. The cost of its package.B. The price of the product.C. The colour of its package.D. The brand name of the product.2．The underlined part “the colours turned the customers off” (in Para.3) means that the colours _________.A. attracted the customers stronglyB. caused the customers to lose interestC. tricked the customers into shoppingD. had weak effects on the customers3．Which of the following is the key to the success in product sales?A. The way to promote goods.B. The discovery of a genius.C. The team to produce a good product.D. The brand name used by successful producers.4．According to the passage, which of the following statement is true?A. Making soap is so easy that any fool in the world can make it.B. Greens, yellows or silver are considered to be healthy colours.C. 25 years ago, the founder of Pears soap was a pretty girl herself.D. The size of a product can have an effect on the shoppers.5．Which of the following would be the best title for this text?A. Choice of Good ProductsB. Disadvantages of ProductsC. Effect of Packaging on ShoppingD. Brand Names and Shopping Tricks1—5CBADC（IV）★★★Education is not an end, but a means to an end. In other words, we do not educate children only for the purpose of educating them. Our purpose is to fit them for life.In some modern countries it has for some time been fashionable to think that by free education for all whether rich or poor, clever or stupid, one can solve all the problems of society and build a perfect nation. But we can already see that free education for all is not enough: we find in such countries a far larger number of people with university degrees; they refuse to do what they think “low” work; and in fact, work with hands is thought to be dirty and shameful. But we have only to think a moment to understand that the work of a completely uneducated farmer is far more important than that of a professor; we can live without education, but we die if we have no food. If no one cleaned our streets and took the rubbish away from our houses, we would get terrible diseases in our towns.In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated to fit us for life, it means that we are educated in such a way that, firstly, each of us can do whatever work suited to his brains and ability, and secondly, that we realize that all jobs are necessary to society, and that it is very bad to be ashamed of one’s work. Only such a type of education can be considered valuable to society.1. The writer of this passage thinks that________.A. free education can solve all of the world’s problemsB. free education for all probably leads to a perfect worldC. free education won’t help to solve social problemsD. all the social problems can’t be solved by free education2. The writer wants to prove that_____A. our society needs all kinds of jobsB. our society needs free education for allC. a farmer is more important than a professorD. people with university degrees earn more money3. According to the passage, _________A. work with hands is dirty and shamefulB. work with hands is low workC. work with hands is the most importantD. we can’t regard work with hands as low work4. The purpose of education is ________A. to choose a system of educationB. to let everyone receive educationC. to prepare children for their future lifeD. to prepare children for well-paid jobs1-4 DADC（V）★★★When we think of leadership, we often think of strength and power. But what are these really, and how do they operate?Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things. If this is even possible, it is short-term, and tends to backfire. If you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel they must, but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long-term. They will also experience fear.Fear causes the thinking brain to shut down, making the person unable to function at his or her best. If they associate you with this emotion of fear, they will become less functional around you, and you will have succeeded in not only shooting yourself in the foot, but possibly making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively. Fear has no place in leadership.The way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character, and our understanding and use of emotion. We can order someone to do something, which may be part of the work day; or we can employ them at the emotional level, so they became fully devoted to the projects and provide some of their own motivation (积极性). Today’s work place is all about relationships. Anyone works harder in a positive environment in which they’re recognized and valued as a human being as well as a worker. Everyone produces just a bit more for someone they like. Leaders understand the way things work. They know the pay check is not the single most motivating factor (因素) in the work life of most people.The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional intelligence---knowing your own emotions, and how to handle them, and those of others. Developing your emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people around you, which is the key to the leadership skills.1. The underlined phrase “shooting oneself in the foot” means _____ in this passage.A. throw or walk in a specific direction or towards a specific objectiveB. to grow forth (向前) from the groundC. to move or pass suddenly or swiftlyD. to injure or harm one's own interests2. An employee may have a feeling of fear in the work place when ___.A. he cannot work at his bestB. he is forced to do thingsC. he feels his brain shut downD. he thinks of his work as too heavy3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. People tend to associate leadership with fear.B. Working conditions affect people’s physical health.C. Smart people are more functional in the work place.D. Good relationship is the key to business success.4. To positively influence employees, a leader should first of all ____.A. develop his own personalityB. provide better suggestionsC. give his employees a pay raiseD. hide his own emotion of fear5. Good leadership is mainly seen in a leader’s ability to_____.A. provide a variety of project for employeesB. help raise employees’ living standardsC. deal wisely with employees’ emotionsD. give employees’ specific instructions（指导）1—5 DBDAC。

高中一年级英语阅读理解专项练习议论文类

议论文类（I）In the world today, all of the people need recreation (消遣). We cannot work all the time if we are going to keep healthy and enjoy life. Everyone has his own way of relaxing. Perhaps the most popular form is to take part in sports. There are team sports, such as basketball and football; There are also individual (个人的) sports, such as swimming and running. Skating and mountain climbing are the most popular recreation for people who like to be outdoor.Not everyone who enjoys sports likes to take part in them. Many people like watching them on TV or listening to them on the radio. So many people like some forms of indoor recreation, such as watching TV, singing and dancing.It doesn’t matter whether we like indoor recreation or take part in outdoor sports. It is important for everyone to relax from time to time, and enjoy some forms of recreation.1．Which is the most popular form of recreation according to this text? A．Sports. B．Watching TV.C．Sleeping. D．Singing and dancing.2．People want to take part in sports in order to ____.A．keep healthy and enjoy life B．make friendsC．find a good job D．make more money 3．Outdoor sports include ____.A．watching TV B．singing and dancing C．listening to the radio D．skating and mountain climbing 4．The passage mainly tells us that ____.A．basketball is a kind of team sportB．everyone who enjoys sports should take part in them C．different people have different ways of relaxingD．indoor recreation is not as important as outdoor sports1-4 AADC（II）Do you know of anyone who uses the truth to deceive(欺骗)? When someone tells you something that is true，but leaves out important information that should be included, he can give you a false picture．For example，someone might say，“I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery(彩票)．It was great．I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!”This guy's a winner，right? Maybe，maybe not．We then discover that he bought $ 200 worth of tickets，and only one was a winner．He’s really a big loser!He didn’t say anything that was false，but he left out importantinformation on purpose．That’s called a half-truth．Half truths are not technically lies，but they are just as dishonest．Some politicians often use this trick．Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term，her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs．Then she seeks an other term．One of her opponents(对手)says，“During Governor Smith’s term，the state lost one million jobs!”That’s true．However，an honest statement would have been，“During Governor Smith's term，the state had a net gain of two million jobs．’’Advertisers(广告商) will sometimes use half—truths．It’s against the law to make false statements so they try to mislead you with the truth．An advertisement might say，“Nine out of ten doctors advised their patients to take Yucky Pills to cure toothache．”It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Company．This kind of deception happens too often．It’s a sad fact of life：Lies are lies，and sometimes the truth can 1ie as well．1．How much did the lottery winner lose?A．one hundred dollars．B．Two hundred dollars．C．Three hundred dollars．D．Four hundred dollars．2．We may infer that the author believes people shouldA．buy lottery tickets if possible B．make use of half—truthsC．be careful about what they are told D．not trust the Yucky Company3．What do the underlined words “net gain”in Paragraph 5 mean?A．final increase B．big advantageC．1arge share D．total number 4．What can we know from the example of the Yucky Pill advertisement?A．False statements are easy to see through．B．Half-truths are often used to mislead people．C．Doctors like to act in advertisements．D．Advertisements are based on facts．5．How many examples does the writer give to show how the truth is used to deceive?A．One．B．Two．C．Three．D．Four．6．Which of the following is true according to the passage?A．Using half truths is against the law．B．Technically，half truths are in fact lies．C．Yucky Pills is a very good medicine for toothache．D．Governor Smith did a good job during her last term．7．Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?A．He’s really a big loser!B．Sometimes the truth can lie as well．C．Advertisers will sometimes use half truths．D．It’s against the law to make false statements．1-5 ACABC 6-7 DB（III）We are all called upon to make a speech at some point in life, but most of us don't do a very good job. This article gives some suggestions on how to give an effective speech.So, you have to give a speech and you're terrified. You get nervous, you forget what you want to say, you stumble over words, you talk too long and you bore your audience. Later you think, “Thank goodness, it's over. I'm just no good at public speaking. I hope I never have to do that again.”Cheer up! It doesn't have to be that bad. Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech making. Ask yourself the purpose of your speech. What is the occasion? Why are you speaking? Then, gather as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty of time doing your research. Then spend plenty of time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible and use pictures, charts and graphs if they will help you make your points more clearly. Never forget your audience. Don't talk over their heads and don't talk down to them. Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness.Just remember: Be prepared. Know your subject, your audience and the occasion. Be brief. Say what you have to say and then stop. And be yourself. Let your personality come through so that you make person-to-person contact with your audience.If you follow these simple steps, you'll see that you don't have to be afraid of public speaking. In fact, you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches! You're not convinced yet. Give it a try and see what happens. 1. We can conclude from Paragraph 2 that many people .A. talk too long in a speechB. are happy to give a speechC. are afraid of giving a speechD. do not prepare for a speech2. All of the following statements are true except that .A. a lecturer does not need to organize his speechB. few people know how to make good speechesC. research is important in preparing a speechD. there are simple steps to improve your speaking3. The underlined expression “talk over their heads” means “ ”.A. speak too loudlyB. look at the ceilingC. look down upon themD. use difficult words and ideas4. The main idea of the passage is that .A. you can improve your speaking abilityB. a poor speaker can never changeC. it's easy to make a short speechD. it is hard to make a speech1-4 CADA（IV）Are you ready to do your bit to stop global warming? On Saturday, March 29, you will have a chance-to tell Toronto and the entire world that you are devoted to doing your part.You can do it by turning off your lights during Earth Hour, from 8 p.m. to 9 p.m. Started last year by the World Wildlife Fund in Sydney, Australia, Earth Hour this year is going international, with 17 cities signed up so far, including Toronto.The challenge for us Torontonians will be to show we are as devoted to fighting global warming as Sydneysiders were last year. Of course, one hour of darkness isn't going to stop global warming. But the thinking behind Earth Hour is that it gets people personally involved(加入). Besides giving people a chance to show their concerns over climate change, the goal is to get them to start changing their wasteful habits.Did you know, for example, that your electronic devices(设备) that you think you've turned off are still drawing power if you leave them plugged in?If you want to make a difference, sign up today and promise to turn off your lights when Earth Hour arrives on March 29. Persuade others to do their part. Start to think about changes that can be made in your home and your workplace that will cut down on waste and greenhouse gas.1. What can be the best title for the passage?A. A Chance to Help Save the EarthB. A Chance to Help Prevent PollutionC. An Hour to Fight Against Bad HabitsD. An Hour to Keep Climate Unchanged2. The passage mainly calls on people of to join in the March 29th activity.A. SydneyB. TorontoC. the worldD. the 17 cities3. The Earth Hour movement mainly aims to get people to to save our earth.A. sense the dangerB. make a promiseC. perform their dutiesD. show their value4. Which is implied（暗示）in the passage that should not happen in our daily life?1-4 ABCD（V）We live in a digital world now, and a student's technology needs have changed. For the early years, say when you are in primary school, you can get by with no technology at all. Even if you have a computer, it's a good idea to get children familiar with libraries. At this age, trips to the library are like family outings.As you get closer to middle school, a computer with Internet access becomes more of a necessity. Teachers will often give assignments that require a student to use the Internet for research. After a computer, technology choices for students become more difficult to make – especially when it comes to cell-phones. Kids will beg their parents for acell-phone, especially in middle school. For many parents, it's a safety issue: They want to know that their kids can reach them quickly if necessary. For teachers, cell phones can be used to record lessons when students are absent. But many teachers dislike cell-phones. Some kids send messages or have talks in the class. Sending messages also raises the problem of cheating on exams. More and more schools are now forbidding the use of cell-phones.Many kids see iPods as necessary things to have. iPods are great for music, but do they do anything good for your children’s education? Maybe they do. That’s the opinion of Doug Johnson, an educator for 30 years. Johnson says that educators should accept all new forms of technology in the classroom, including iPods. “Some do more with their cell- phones than we can do with our laptops,” he jokes. “I don’t think we should be afraid. The truth is that it’s easier to change the way we teach than to change the technology habits of an entire generation.”1. According to author, primary school children should___.A. use the computer and the Internet regularlyB. ask their parents to buy them cell-phonesC. buy iPods to listen to musicD. go to libraries to read more books2. Why do parents agree to buy their children cell-phones?A. They want their children to be cool.B. They think cell-phones be helpful to their study.C. They want to keep in touch with their children.D. They want their children to keep up to date.3. The following are all reasons why many teachers dislike cell-phones EXCEPT ____.A. cell-phones can be used to cheat on examsB. schoolchildren will send messages during classC. cell-phones can be used to record lessonsD. schoolchildren might talk on them during class4. What does the underlined word “that” refers to?A. iPods can be used to listen to music.B. iPods can be helpful for children’s education.C. iPods can be used to play games.D. iPods are necessary for children’s lives.5. We can infer from what Doug Johnson said that _____.A. cell-phones are not useful to studentsB. teachers should let students use cell-phonesC. it’s better for teachers to change their teaching methodsD. schoolchildren should follow the trends(潮流) of fashion1-5 DCCBC。

高考英语阅读理解-议论文5篇真题训练

高考英语复习阅读理解专练议论文5篇Passage 1(2017北京,D)Hollywood’s theory that machines with evil(邪恶的)minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI)may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics(控制论), put it this way:“If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.”A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things:a wish to preserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not in-born, nor is it something introduced by humans;it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard.The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists. Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work:we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams—yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just “switch them off”as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility. Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11,1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.”However, on September 12,1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented theneutron-induced(中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction.1.Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may .A.run out of human controlB.satisfy human’s real desiresmand armies of killer robotsD.work faster than a mathematician2.Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to .A.prevent themselves from being destroyedB.achieve their original goals independentlyC.do anything successfully with given ordersD.beat humans in international chess matches3.According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to .A.help super intelligent machines work betterB.be secure against evil human beingsC.keep machines from being harmedD.avoid robots’affecting the world4.What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?A.It will disappear with the development of AI.B.It will get worse with human interference.C.It will be solved but with difficulty.D.It will stay for a decade.Passage 2(2016课标Ⅰ,D)The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable;therefore attemptsmay be made to fill every gap(间隙)with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈)value ofsilence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.1.What does the author say about silence in conversations?A.It implies anger.B.It promotes friendship.C.It is culture-specific.D.It is content-based.2.Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?A.The Chinese.B.The French.C.The Mexicans.D.The Russians.3.What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?A.Let it continue as the patient pleases.B.Break it while treating patients.C.Evaluate its harm to patients.D.Make use of its healing effects.4.What may be the best title for the text?A.Sound and SilenceB.What It Means to Be SilentC.Silence to Native AmericansD.Speech Is Silver;Silence Is GoldPassage 3(2016浙江,A)“Did you hear what happened to Adam last Friday?”Lindsey whispers to Tori.With her eyes shining, Tori brags, “You bet I did. Sean told me two days ago.”Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about? It just happens to be yours truly, Adam Freedman. I can tell you that what they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not even true. Still, Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here at Linton High School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip(闲话). I have noticed three effects of gossip: it can hurt people, it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction, and it can cause social pressures in a group.An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. Usually, gossip spreads information about a topic—breakups, trouble at home, even dropping out—that a person would rather keep secret. The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes. Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie. People often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain.If we know that gossip can be harmful, then why do so many of us do it? The answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us. Sharing the latest rumor (传言)can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t. Similarly, hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group.”In other words, gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority (优越感).Gossip also can have a third effect: it strengthens unwritten, unspoken rules about how people should act. Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group. Translated into high school terms, this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore orwhat Jane said, then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention. The do’s and don’ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation. The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story”might have.1.The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passage to .A.introduce a topicB.present an argumentC.describe the charactersD.clarify his writing purpose2.An important negative effect of gossip is that it .A.breaks up relationshipsB.embarrasses the listenerC.spreads information aroundD.causes unpleasant experiences3.In the author’s opinion, many people like to gossip because it .A.gives them a feeling of pleasureB.helps them to make more friendsC.makes them better at telling storiesD.enables them to meet important people4.Professor David Wilson thinks that gossip can .A.provide students with written rulesB.help people watch their won behaviorsC.force schools to improve student handbooksD.attract the police’s attention to group behaviors5.What advice does the author give in the passage?A.Never become a gossiper.B.Stay away from gossipers.C.Don’t let gossip turn into lies.D.Think twice before you gossip.Passage 4(2016北京,D)Why College Is Not HomeThe college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence,during which many of today’s students are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.For previous generations, college was a decisive break from parental control;guidance and support needed to come from people of the same age and from within. In the past two decades, however, continued connection with and dependence on family, thanks to cell phones, email and social media, have increased significantly. Some parents go so far as to help with coursework. Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility,college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation. This process involves “trying on”new ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually(在思维方面) and personally. While we should provide “safe spaces”within colleges, we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views. Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered by strict debate and questioning.Learning to deal with the social world is equally important. Because a college community(群体) differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging. If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern,they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community.Moreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults:the response to being controlled by their elders. If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined(规定) and controlled, the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged.It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so. Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency. What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescents’desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world. Therefore, there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth.Every college discussion about community values, social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation, of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery.1.What’s the author’s attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students?A.Sympathetic.B.Disapproving.C.Supportive.D.Neutral.2.The underlined word “passage”in Paragraph 2 means .A.changeB.choiceC.textD.extension3.According to the author, what role should college play?A.To develop a shared identity among students.B.To define and regulate students’social behavior.C.To provide a safe world without tension for students.D.To foster students’intellectual and personal development.4.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?I:Introduction P:Point Sp:Sub-point(次要点)C:ConclusionPassage 5(2014课标Ⅰ,C)A typical lion tamer(驯兽师)in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip(鞭)and a chair.The whip gets all of the attention,but it’s mostly for show.In reality,it’s the chair that does the important work.When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face,the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time.With its focus divided,the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next.When faced with so many options,the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion?How often do you have something you want to achieve(e.g.lose weight,start a business,travel more)—only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best,the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information.The end result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things,and so we take less action,make less progress,and stay the same when we could be improving.It doesn’t have to be that way.Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face,remember this:All you need to do is focus on one thing.You just need to get started.Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people.If you have somewhere you want to go,something you want toaccomplish,someone you want to become...take immediate action.If you’re clear about where you want to go,the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.1.Why does the lion tamer use a chair?A.To trick the lion.B.To show off his skills.C.To get ready for a fight.D.To entertain the audience.2.In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?A.They feel puzzled over choices.B.They hold on to the wrong things.C.They find it hard to make changes.D.They have to do something for show.3.What is the author’s attitude towards the experts mentioned in Paragraph 3?A.Tolerant.B.Doubtful.C.Respectful.D.Supportive.4.When the world is “waving a chair in your face”,you’re advised to .A.wait for a better chanceB.break your old habitsC.make a quick decisionD.ask for clear guidance答案全解全析Passage 1[语篇解读] 本文为议论文。

【英语】高一英语阅读理解专项训练100(附答案)

【英语】高一英语阅读理解专项训练100(附答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Money is the root of all evil (邪恶) and new study claims there may be some truth behind the saying. Scientists at the University of California Berkeley, US, announced on February 27 that rich people are more likely to do immoral things, such as lie or cheat, than poorer people. The scientists did a series of eight experiments. They published their findings online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNA《美国国家科学院院刊》).They carried out the first two experiments from the sidewalk near Berkeley. They noted that drivers of newer and more expensive cars were more likely to cut off other cars and pedestrians at crosswalks. Nearly 45 percent of people driving expensive ears ignored a pedestrian compared with only 30 percent of people driving mow modest cars.In another experiment, a group of college students was asked if they would do immoral things in various everyday situations. Examples included taking printer paper from work and not telling a salesperson when he or she gave back more change. Students from higher — class families were more likely to act dishonestly.According to the scientists, rich people often think money can get them out of trouble. This makes them less afraid to take risks. It also means they care less about other people's feelings. Finally, it just makes them greedier. “Higher wealth status seems to make you want even more, and that increased want leads you to bend the rules or break the rules to serve your self- i nterest,” said Paul Piff, lead scientist of the study.Piff pointed out that the findings don't mean that all rich people are untrustworthy or all poor people honest. He said the experiments were to show how people living in different social situations express their instincts（本能）and values in different ways.（1）By saying “money is the root of all evil”, the author wants to .A. link wealth with bad behaviorB. draw readers' attention to the researchC. show how the saying proves the findingsD. defend rich people who do immoral things （2）According to the scientists, which is NOT the factor that makes rich people immoral?A. They welcome risks.B. They have more desires.C. They believe money talks.D. They become more selfish.（3）Why did the scientists do the experiments?A. To show how social status affects people's morality.B. To show people's instincts and values in different ways.C. To test whether the saying “money is the root of all evil” is true.D. To show the difference between higher - class people and lower - class people.（4）What does the passage really want to show us?A. The poor are respectable.B. Money is the root of all evil.C. All rich people are untrustworthy.D. The rich are more likely to act badly.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者主要通过展示几个实验的结果，旨在证明"金钱是一切罪恶的根源"这一说法可能是有一定道理的。

议论文——2024届高考英语高考阅读理解文体分类练(含答案)

议论文——2024届高考英语高考阅读理解文体分类练学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Underwater travel is difficult and dangerous, but many people have to stay deep under the ocean. Thus, humans have come up with a few designs of vehicles to move around under the ocean. But what if there was a better way to travel?Hilary Bart-Smith, an engineer at the University of Virginia, thinks a vehicle that travels like a manta ray (魔鬼鱼) would be able to operate for long periods at sea. Manta rays which can grow up to 29 feet long are among the most efficient swimmers in the ocean. Different from animals and people pushing against water, manta rays swim by moving through the water with wing-like movements of their fins (鳍) . Efficiency means using less energy to move farther.Bart-Smith and other engineers at the University of Virginia had to find out what manta rays looked like on the inside to better understand how they move. They took X-rays to find out how a manta ray's fins are built. They found that a web of cartilage (软骨) stretches across each fin.Once the engineers knew how a manta ray's fin was constructed, they could build one of their own. They made a long row of metal struts with many hinges to imitate the manta ray's web of cartilage. The engineers put their design inside a flexible cover, shaped like a manta ray's fin. Then they tested it in the university swimming pool. They were happy to see that it swam just like a manta ray in the ocean.Engineers and scientists are still learning and experimenting with how to imitate these amazing animals. For now, engineers study their movements and learn from the most efficient swimmers in the ocean. Perhaps someday engineers will be able to build manta ray robots that are big enough to transport people.1．How do manta rays swim?A.By moving like birds.B.By swimming like humans.C.By swimming like other fishes.D.By pushing against water like animals. 2．What can we learn from the second and third paragraphs?A.Manta rays look like travel vehicles.B.Manta rays are the fastest swimmers.C.Manta rays can grow at least 29 feet long.D.Manta rays'fins consist of a web of cartilage.3．Why do the engineers study manta rays?A.To learn about their habits.B.To control manta ray robots.C.To protect marine creatures.D.To design undersea vehicles.4．What's the author's attitude towards the research?A.Supportive.B.Negative.C.Doubtful.D.Objective.People tend to pay less attention to tasks when working alongside a robot, according to research that found evidence of "social loafing", where team members work less hard if they think others will cover for them.Researchers at the Technical University of Berlin said people come to see robots as part of their team. Where they think a colleague or the technology performs particularly well, or where they think their own contribution would not be appreciated, people tend to take a more laid-back approach."Teamwork is a mixed blessing, "said Dietlind Helene Cymek (DHC) , the first author of the study. "Working together can motivate people to perform well but it can also lead to a loss of motivation because the individual contribution is not as visible. We were interested in whether we could also find such motivational effects when the team partner is a robot."The team tested their hypothesis by asking a group of workers to check the quality of a series of tasks. The workers were all asked to carry out checks for errors on circuit boards (电路板) . Half of them were told the tasks were also performed by a robot. While they did not work directly with the robot, named Panda, those people had seen it and were able to hear it operating.Their activity was monitored by the researchers, who blurred out the images of the boards the workers received, only showing them an image they could check once they actively opened it.Initially, they said they found no statistical difference in the time the two groups-those who were told they were working with a robot and those who were not-spent inspecting the circuit boards, or in the area they searched for errors.However, when the researchers investigated the participants' error rates, they found those knowing Panda's presence were catching fewer defects after they had seen the robot had successfully flagged many errors. They said this could reflect a "looking but not seeing" effect, where people engage less once they feel a colleague or resource is reliable.While participants who were asked to rate their own performance thought they werepaying an equivalent amount of attention, the researchers felt that subconsciously they had begun to assume Panda had picked up defects well.5．Why do people pay less attention to tasks when working with a robot?A.They see the robot as their colleague.B.They think the robot can cover all tasks.C.They believe their performance will be appreciated.D.They feel unvalued about their personal contribution.6．What does DHC mean by saying "Teamwork is a mixed blessing"?A.Teamwork is of great help for workers.B.Teamwork can improve work efficiency.C.Teamwork involves different kinds of weaknesses.D.Teamwork has both advantages and disadvantages.7．What did the workers need to do during the researchers' test?A.They need to blur out the images of the circuit boards.B.They need to check errors on circuit boards with robotsC.They need to see and hear how the robots were operating.D.They need to monitor the robots to check the quality of circuit boards.8．Which of the following can best describe the procedure of the study?A.Group→Instruct→Monitor→RateB.Question→Detect→Demonstrate→CollectC.Monitor→Group→Investigate→RateD.Monitor→Investigate→Reflect→InstructInterspecies was once a technical term used in science to describe how one species got along with another. Now it is a word of more consequence: it arouses the new connections between humans and non-humans that are being made possible by technology. In Ways of Being, James Bridle, a British artist and technology writer, explores what this means for understanding the non-human intelligence on Earth.Mr Bridle makes it clear that three kinds of minds are now interacting: humans, non-humans and machines. Using artificial intelligence (AI), machines in the future will have the capability to interpose(使介入) themselves as translators between humans and other biological life forms.It is true that profit is the main motive for advances in AI; as yet nature does not get muchof a look-in, and non-human intelligence goes unexplored outside zoology departments. Computing is as focused on humans as ever, even as climate change and biodiversity-loss suggest it should devote much greater attention to other species.The first step towards an interspecies future, Mr Bridle argues, is showing more appreciation for other forms of intelligence. To some extent, this is already happening. For example, through films and other initiatives many people now know that octopuses(章鱼) have advanced and strange intelligence. The next step, Mr Bridle declares, is recognizing that people live in a "more-than-human" world. Other forms of intelligence have developed from a common evolutionary base, and they overlap(重叠) in ways that science is just beginning to discover.Ways of Being would have benefited from sharper editing. Yet, in making clear the patience, imagination and humility required to better know and protect other forms of intelligence on Earth, he has made an admirable contribution to the dawning of the interspecies age. 9．Which of the following best illustrates the term "interspecies"?A.A wolf hunts a rabbit.B.A robot does housework.C.A lady walks her dog.D.A boy records a video for squirrels.10．What does AI lay emphasis on nowadays?A.Biodiversity.B.Other species.C.Humans.D.Climate change. 11．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?A.The characteristics of species evolution.B.Expectations for the future development of AI.C.Suggestions on future exploration of interspecies.D. The importance of appreciation for other forms of intelligence.12．Which word best describes the author's attitude to Ways of Being?A.Skeptical.B.Favorable.C.Tolerant.D.Conservative.Steam trains paved the way for modern-day transportation, but just how much do you know about them?The roots of steam trains can be traced back to the 18th century when the Scottish engineer James Watt improved steam engine technology. Watt’s improvements significantly enhanced the efficiency of steam engines. This breakthrough paved the way for the application of steam power in various industries, marking the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. As the 19th century started, George Stephenson used the power of steam to power locomotives (火车头), telling the age of steam-powered transportation.Steam trains played a vital role in transforming the world into a connected network of nations. The completion of the Transcontinental Railroad in the United States in 1869 marked a historic moment, as steam locomotives linked the East and West coasts, reducing travel time and expanding economic, opportunities.Similarly, the Orient Express in Europe became a symbol of luxury and international travel, carrying passengers from Paris to Istanbul in a quick way. The rhythmic sound of wheels on rails echoed (回响) through diverse landscapes, from the dry deserts of Australia to the snowy expanses of Siberia, as steam trains formed paths of connectivity across continents. During times of war, the role of steam trains extended to soldier transportation.While steam trains led the railway landscape for over a century, the mid-20th century witnessed the arrival of electric and diesel locomotives, claiming greater efficiency and lower operational costs, and signaling a transformative shift.As steam trains were not mainstream transportation, enthusiasts worldwide have preserved and restored steam locomotives, ensuring that these classic engine s continue to attract new generations with their nostalgic (怀旧的) charm, and that their stories continue to be told for ages to come.For Heritage railways, they dedicate to the restoration and operation of classic steam locomotives. From the Bluebell Railway in England to the Strasburg Rail Road in the United States, these living museums allow modern-day travelers to experience the magic of steam travel. Riding the polished carriages and hearing the distinctive whistle, visitors experience a sensory voyage, connecting with a time when steam trains were the heartbeat of progress and adventure.13．What marks the beginning of the Industrial Revolution?A. Rapid expansion of railways.B. Advance of steam locomotives.C. Great efficiency of transportation.D. The use of steam power in industries.14．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.B. Add more facts to the role of steam trains.C. Share a historic moment.D. Introduce the Orient Express.15．How do Heritage railways react to the decline of steam trains?A. They welcome the arrival of electric engines.B. They insist on using steam trains.C. They offer a journey back in time.D. They prefer to improve steam engines.16．Where is the text probably taken from?A. A travel guide.B. A book review.C. A history paper.D. A newspaper report.Ancient builders across the world created structures that are still standing today, thousands of years later. Roman builders built thick concrete sea barriers against waves. Mayan builders created great sculptures, and Chinese builders constructed walls against foreign enemies.A growing number of scientists have been studying materials since a long time ago. They are breaking apart pieces of buildings and reading historical texts hoping to learn how they have stood for thousands of years. The research has turned up a surprising list of materials that were mixed into old buildings. They include tree bark, volcanic ash, rice and beer. These unexpected materials can have the ability to get stronger over time. Figuring out how to copy these features can have real impacts today. While some of our modern concrete has the strength to hold up very tall buildings and heavy structures, it cannot compete with the durability of these ancient materials.Many scientists have turned to the Romans. Starting around 200 BC, the Roman Empire was building concrete structures that have stood the test of time. Even in places where seawater has been hitting structures for ages, you will find concrete basically the way it was when it was poured 2,000 years ago. They think they have found an important reason why some Roman concrete has held up structures for thousands of years. That the ancient materials have an unusual power to restore themselves and “cure” cracks (裂缝) when they form is the most shocking for them. Exactly how is not yet clear, but scientists are starting to find the reasons.Today’s builders cannot just copy the ancient processes. Even though Roman concrete lasted a long time, it couldn’t hold up heavy buildings. Instead, researchers are trying to take some of th e ancient materials and add them into modern mixes. People don’t need to make things last quite as long as the Romans did. If we add 50 or 100 years to concrete’s lifespan, we’ll surely require less pulling down, less maintenance and less material in the l ong run. 17．What were the mentioned Roman and Chinese buildings both used for?A. Travel.B. Defence.C. Soldier training.D. Seawater control.18．Which word can best describe the ancient buildings?A. Long-lasting.B. Energy-efficient.C. Delicate.D. Flexible.19．What surprises the scientists most about the ancient building materials?A. Their large cracks.B. Their clear concrete.C. Their internal structures.D. Their self-repairing ability.20．What is the author’s attitude to the future concrete?A. Tolerant.B. Expectant.C. Suspicious.D. Indifferent.O'Brien and Samantha Kassirer from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University conducted two experiments to determine the levels of people's happiness when they gave away money or when they spent it on themselves.The first experiment involved 96 college students receiving $5 every day for five days. They had to spend the money on the same thing each day. Researchers randomly asked the participants to either spend the money on themselves or give it to someone else, like through a tip or an online donation to a charity. The participants ended each day by reflecting on their spending experience and their overall level of happiness. Regardless of how they spent the money, everyone started off with roughly the same level of self-reported happiness. Those who spent the money on themselves, however, experienced a decline in happiness over the five-day period. The people who gave the money to someone else maintained their happiness levels.The second experiment conducted online, involved 502 people playing 10 rounds of a word puzzle game. When the players won in a round, they received 5 cents. The participants could either keep the 5 cents or donate it to a charity. After each round, people rated the level of happiness they felt after winning a round. As with the first study, those who gave away the money reported a longer stretch of happiness than those who kept the money for themselves. As for why people who used the money for themselves aren't happy for so long, the researchers explain that focusing on an outcome—like getting paid—can diminish the experience. When people focus on an action—like giving to charity—they concentrate more on the act itself as a joyful event, explaining why happiness stays more consistent among those who spend the money on others. "If you want to sustain happiness over time, our new research shows that repeated giving, even in the same way to the same people, may make you continue to feel much fresher and more enjoyable," O'Brien said.So the next time you think about spending money on yourself, maybe give it to someone in need instead. Your happiness will thank you.21．What is the finding of the experiments?A.People get more happiness when giving money to others.B.Those who give money to others like to do it online.C.Your level of happiness can be influenced by many factors.D.Those who win rewards are willing to give money to a charity.22．According to O'Brien, what is the secret of maintaining happiness?A.Saving enough money.B.Trying something new.C.Keeping on giving.D.Balancing rest and work.23．Which of the following shows the correct structure of the whole text?A. B. C. D.24．What is the best title for the text?A.Money isn't the key to happinessB.It is better to give than to receiveC.Happiness depends upon ourselvesD.People spend their money differently参考答案1．答案：A解析：细节理解题。

高中英语阅读题及答案——议论文专练(含答案)

高考英语阅读专练——议论文专练（含答案）1We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new，but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment — and our wallets — as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using，Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life — from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers，basic mobile phones，and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players，smart phones，and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002，before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices，however，we didn't throw out our old ones. "The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room，and suddenly one day，you have a TV in every room of the house，" said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We're not just keeping these old devices — we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt's team，old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what's the solution（解决方案）? The team's data only went up to 2007，but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function，such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.2The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist’s dream, years away from coming into reality in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it should be noted, isn't leading the way here. Companies have been testing their cars in cities across the country. It's hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology may change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is managed.While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars, policymakers should be talking more about how self-driving cars can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions(排放)and offer more convenient and affordable choices to move around. The arrival of driverless cars is a chance to make sure that those cars are environmentally friendly and more shared.Do we want to copy or even worsen the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own their self-driving cars. They accept long, slow journeys to and from work on crowded highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride. They take their driverless car to a date and set the empty car to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport — an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing(网约车)services. Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless cars doesn't worsen the transportation system we have today. The coming technological development presents a chance for cities andstates to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.1.What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. Self-driving cars are not allowed in the real world.B. Driverless taxies will be seen everywhere on the road in a short term.C. California is not alone in testing driverless cars.D. Self-driving technology will definitely benefit transportation system.2.According to the author, policymakers should pay more attention to __________.A. how driverless cars can help deal with transportation-related problemsB. how driverless cars can travel safelyC. how driverless cars can travel fasterD. how driverless cars can move more people3.What is a possible side effect of self-driving cars?A. Journeys to and from work become longer.B. More and more people abandon public transportation.C. There is no place to park them.D. They may result in traffic jams.4.What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Preparing Cities for Robot CarsB. Future Technology UnderwayC. Transportation System in the FutureD. Robot Cars on the Road3I log onto a computer at the doctor's office to say I have arrived and then wait until a voice calls me into the examination room.There, a robotic nurse directs me onto a device and then takes my blood pressure. Some time later, in steps the doctor, who is also a robot. He notes down my symptoms and gives me a prescription (处方). I pay for my visit using a credit card machine and return home without having met another human being.When I call my dentist's office and actually get a human being on the line, I am thrilled. And when I see the introduction of yet more self-service checkout stations at the grocery store, I feel like shouting, "When it comes to cashiers, make mine human, please!"After all, human cashiers sometimes give you a store coupon (优惠券) for items you are buying. Even more than that, real-life cashiers often take an interest in particularly cute children, which can brighten a young mother'sday. A cashier may also show compassion (同情)for an elderly person struggling to get that last penny out of her purse.What technological device would do any of this? I don't want to go back to the Stone Age, but I'm also worried about a world run by machines. Sometimes when you're chatting with someone, you discover things you need to know. Maybe a receptionist needs prayers said for a sick child. Maybe a salesperson can offer a bit of encouragement to a customer who is feeling tired.Machines can be efficient and cost-effective and they often get the job done just fine. But they lack an element so important to everyday life.Call it the spirit, the soul or the heart. It is something no machine will ever have. It is being human that prompts us to smile at others, which may be what they need at that moment.1.What's the author's purpose in writing the first two paragraphs?A．To indicate high technology can make our future life very easyB．To describe a possible future scene where robots take control of our lifeC．To warn readers of the possible dangers of robotic nurses and doctorsD．To predict how technology can affect the way we see a doctoring the future2.Why does the author prefer being served by humans rather than by robots?A．Robots are indifferent and emotionlessB．Robots can't provide efficient servicesC．Robots don't offer to give store couponsD．Robots are unable to do a job as well as humans3.What's the author's attitude towards machines?A．He wishes one day they would come to lifeB．He is absolutely against their existence in his lifeC．He doesn't like they get involved in his life too muchD．He is afraid they would take the place of human beings4After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park．Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park．By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves．Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development．By the 1920s, wolves had practicallydisappeared from the Yellowstone area．They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around．The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations —major food sources (来源) for the wolf – grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被), which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park’ s red foxes, and completely drove away the park’ s beavers．As early as 1966,biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park．They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems．Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets．The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolvers. The U．S．Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone．Today，the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone．Elk，deer，and coyote populations are down，while beavers and red foxes have made a comeback．The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well．28．What is the text mainly about?A．Wildlife research in the United States．B．Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area．C．The conflict between farmers and gray wolves．D．The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park．29．What does the underlined word “displaced” in paragraph 2 mean?A．Tested．B．Separated．C．Forced out．D．Tracked down．30．What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about？A．Damage to local ecology. B．A decline in the park’s income．C．Preservation of vegetation. D．An increase in the variety of animals．31．What is the author’s attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project？A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Disapproving. D．Uncaring．5More students than ever before are taking a gap-year (间隔年)before going to university. It used to be called the “year off” between school and university. The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源) with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by University and College Admissions Service (UCAS).That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education. “Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course. Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible,” he said.But not everyone is happy. Owain James, the president of the National Union of Students (NUS), argued that the increase is evidence of student had ship – young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education. “New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to ￡15,000 in debt. It is not surprising that more and More students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree. NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term-time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods,” he said.29.What do we learn about the gap year from the text?A. It is flexible in length.B. It is a time for relaxation.C. It is increasingly popular.D. It is required by universities.30.According to Tony Higgins, students taking a gap year______.A. are better prepared for college studiesB. know a lot more about their future jobsC. are more likely to leave university in debtD. have a better chance to enter top universities31.How does Owain James feel about the gap-year phenomenon?A. He’s puzzled.B. He’s worried.C. He’s surprised.D. He’s annoyed.32.What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics?A. Attend additional courses.B. Make plans for the new term.C. Earn money for their education.D. Prepare for their graduate studies.6A typical lion tamer(驯兽师) in people's mind is an entertainer holding a whip(鞭) and a chair．The whip gets all of the attention，but it's mostly for show．In reality，it's the chair that does the important work．When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion's face，the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the sametime．With its focus divided，the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next．When faced with so many options，the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair．How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you want to achieve (e．g．lose weight，start a business，travel more) — only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best，the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information．The end result is that we feel like we can't focus or that we're focused on the wrong things，and so we take less action，make less progress，and stay the same when we could be improving．It doesn't have to be that way．Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face，remember this：All you need to do is focus on one thing．You just need to get started．Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people．If you have somewhere you want to go，something you want to accomplish，someone you want to become．．．take immediate action．If you're clear about where you want to go，the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way．28．Why does the lion tamer use a chair?A．To show off his skills．B．To trick the lion．C．To get ready for a fight．D．To entertain the audience．29．In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?A．They feel puzzled over choices．B．They hold on to the wrong things．C．They find it hard to make changed．D．They have to do something for show．30．What is the author’s attitude towards the experts mentioned in Paragraph 3?A．Tolerant．B．Doubtful．C．Respectful．D．Supportive．31．When the world is “waving a chair in your face”, you’re advised to _______．A．wait for a better chance B．break your old habitsC．make a quick decision D．ask for clear guidance参考答案1.CBDC2. CABA3. BAC4.DCAB5.CABC6. AABC。

高中英语阅读理解汇编之议论文

阅读理解专练议论文5篇Passage 1(2017北京,D)Hollywood’s theory that machines with evil(邪恶的)minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI)may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics(控制论), put it this way:“If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.”A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things:a wish to preserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not in-born, nor is it something introduced by humans;it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard.The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists. Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work:we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist aslong as they work in teams—yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just “switch them off” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility. Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11,1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.” However, on September 12,1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced(中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction.1.Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may.A.run out of human controlB.satisfy human’s real desiresmand armies of killer robotsD.work faster than a mathematician2.Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to.A.prevent themselves from being destroyedB.achieve their original goals independentlyC.do anything successfully with given ordersD.beat humans in international chess matches3.According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to.A.help super intelligent machines work betterB.be secure against evil human beingsC.keep machines from being harmedD.avoid robots’ affecting the world4.What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?A.It will disappear with the development of AI.B.It will get worse with human interference.C.It will be solved but with difficulty.D.It will stay for a decade.Passage 2(2016课标Ⅰ,D)The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable;therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙)with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nursewho understands the healing(治愈)value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.1.What does the author say about silence in conversations?A.It implies anger.B.It promotes friendship.C.It is culture-specific.D.It is content-based.2.Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?A.The Chinese.B.The French.C.The Mexicans.D.The Russians.3.What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?A.Let it continue as the patient pleases.B.Break it while treating patients.C.Evaluate its harm to patients.D.Make use of its healing effects.4.What may be the best title for the text?A.Sound and SilenceB.What It Means to Be SilentC.Silence to Native AmericansD.Speech Is Silver;Silence Is GoldPassage 3(2016浙江,A)“Did you hear what happened to Adam last Friday?” Lindsey whispers to Tori.With her eyes shining, Tori brags, “You bet I did. Sean told me two days ago.”Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about? It just happens to be yours truly, Adam Freedman. I can tell you that what they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not even true. Still, Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from moststudents here at Linton High School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip(闲话). I have noticed three effects of gossip: it can hurt people, it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction, and it can cause social pressures in a group.An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. Usually, gossip spreads information about a topic—breakups, trouble at home, even dropping out—that a person would rather keep secret. The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes. Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie. People often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain.If we know that gossip can be harmful, then why do so many of us do it? The answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us. Sharing the latest rumor (传言)can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t. Similarly, hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group.” In other words, gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority (优越感).Gossip also can have a third effect: it strengthens unwritten, unspoken rules about how people should act. Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group. Translated into high school terms, this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said, then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention. The do’s and don’ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation. The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have.1.The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passage to.A.introduce a topicB.present an argumentC.describe the charactersD.clarify his writing purpose2.An important negative effect of gossip is that it.A.breaks up relationshipsB.embarrasses the listenerC.spreads information aroundD.causes unpleasant experiences3.In the author’s opinion, many people like to gossip because it.A.gives them a feeling of pleasureB.helps them to make more friendsC.makes them better at telling storiesD.enables them to meet important people4.Professor David Wilson thinks that gossip can.A.provide students with written rulesB.help people watch their won behaviorsC.force schools to improve student handbooksD.attract the police’s attention to group behaviors5.What advice does the author give in the passage?A.Never become a gossiper.B.Stay away from gossipers.C.Don’t let gossip turn into lies.D.Think twice before you gossip.Passage 4(2016北京,D)Why College Is Not HomeThe college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence,during which many of today’s students are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.For previous generations, college was a decisive break from parental control;guidance and support needed to come from people of the same age and from within. In the past two decades, however, continued connection with and dependence on family, thanks to cell phones, email and social media, have increased significantly. Some parents go so far as to help with coursework. Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility,college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation. This process involves “trying on” new ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually(在思维方面) and personally. While we should provide “safe spaces” within colleges, we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views. Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered by strict debate and questioning.Learning to deal with the social world is equally important. Because a college community(群体) differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging. If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern,they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community.Moreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults:the response to being controlled by their elders. If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined(规定) and controlled, the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged.It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so. Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency. What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescents’ desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world. Therefo re, there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth.Every college discussion about community values, social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation, of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery.1.What’s the author’s attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students?A.Sympathetic.B.Disapproving.C.Supportive.D.Neutral.2.The underlined word “passage” in Paragraph 2 means.A.changeB.choiceC.textD.extension3.According to the author, what role should college play?A.To develop a shared identity among students.B.To define and regulate students’ social behavior.C.To provide a safe world without tension for students.D.To foster students’ intellectual and personal development.4.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?I:Introduction P:Point Sp:Sub-point(次要点)C:ConclusionPassage 5(2014课标Ⅰ,C)A typical lion tamer(驯兽师)in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip(鞭)and a chair.The whip gets all of the attention,but it’s mostly for show.In reality,it’s the chair that does the important work.When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face,the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time.With its focus divided,the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next.When faced with so many options,the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion?How often do you have something you want to achieve(e.g.lose weight,start a business,travel more)—only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best,the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information.The end result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things,and so we take less action,make less progress,and stay the same when we could be improving.It doesn’t have to be that way.Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face,remember this:All you need to do is focus on one thing.You just need to get started.Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people.If you have somewhere you want to go,something you want to accomplish,someone you want to become...take imm ediate action.If you’re clear about where you want to go,the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.1.Why does the lion tamer use a chair?A.To trick the lion.B.To show off his skills.C.To get ready for a fight.D.To entertain the audience.2.In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?A.They feel puzzled over choices.B.They hold on to the wrong things.C.They find it hard to make changes.D.They have to do something for show.3.What is the author’s a ttitude towards the experts mentioned in Paragraph 3?A.Tolerant.B.Doubtful.C.Respectful.D.Supportive.4.When the world is “waving a chair in your face”,you’re advised to .A.wait for a better chanceB.break your old habitsC.make a quick decisionD.ask for clear guidance答案全解全析Passage 1[语篇解读]本文为议论文。

高中英语真题：限时训练——阅读理解之议论文

限时训练——阅读理解之议论文1. 【·湖北卷】Science has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseases, make bombs, and help bridges to stand up. Indeed science is so good at what it does that there’s always a tempt ation(诱惑) to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful. David Brooks, author of The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character,and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation. Brooks gained fame for several books. His latest book The So cial Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books. It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topi cs. The book focuses on big questions: What has science rev ealed about human nature? What are the sources of characte r? And why are some people happy and successful while othe rs aren’t?To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide range of d isciplines（学科）. Considering this, you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts. But Brooks has structured his book in an unorthodox(非常规的), and perhaps unfortunate, way. Instead of introducing scie ntific theories, he tells a story, within which he tries to make hi s points, perhaps in order to keep the reader’s attention.So as Harold and Erica, the hero and heroine in his story, live throu gh childhood, we hear about the science of child development and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction. Brooks carries this through to the death of one of hi s characters.On the whole,Brooks’s story is acceptable if uninspired. As on e would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, som e chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed, for instance, th e chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks’s attemp t to translate his tale into science.1.The author mentions the functions of science at the beginni ng of the passage to__________.A. illustrate where science can be appliedB. demonstrate the value of Brooks’s new bookC. remind the reader of the importance of scienceD. explain why many writers use science in their works2.According to the author, which of the following could be a st rength of the book?A. Its strong basis.B. Its convincing points.C. Its clear writing.D. Its memorable characters.3.What is the author’s general attitude towards the book?A. Contradictory.B. Supportive.C . Cautious.D. Critical.4.What is the author likely to write about after the last paragra ph?A. Problems with the book.B. Brooks’s life experience.C. Death of the characters.D. Brooks’s translation skills.2. 【·陕西】Parents who help their children with homework may actually b e bringing down their school grades. Other forms of prenatal involvement, including volunteering at school and observing a child's class, also fail to help, according to the most recent stu dy on the topic.The findings challenge a key principle of modern parenting(养育子女) where schools except them to act as partners in their child ren's education. Previous generations concentrated on getting children to school on time, fed, dressed and ready to learn. Kaith Robinson, the author of the study, said, "I really don't know if the public is ready for this but there are some ways pa rents can be involved in their kids' education that leads to decl ines in their academic performance. One of the things that wa s consistently negative was parents' help with homework." Ro binson suggested that may be because parents themselves st ruggle to understand the task." They may either not remembe r the material their kids are studying now, or in some cases ne ver learnt it themselves, but they're still offering advice."Robinson assessed parental involvement performance and found one of the most damaging things a parent could do wa s to punish their children for poor marks. In general, about 20 % of parental involvement was positive, about 45% negative a nd the rest statistically insignificant.Common sense suggests it was a good thing for parents toget involved because "children with good academic success do have involved parents ", admitted Robinson. But he argue d that this did not prove parental involvement was the root ca use of that success." A big surprise was that Asian-American parents whose kids are doing so well in school hard ly involved. They took a more reasonable approach, conveyin g to their children how success at school could improve their li ves."1. The underlined expression "parental involvement " in Parag raph 1 probably means .A. parents' expectation on children's healthB. parents' participation in children's educationC. parents' control over children's lifeD. parents' plan for children's future2. What is the major finding of Robinson's study ?A. Modern parents raise children in a more scientific way.B. Punishing kids for bad marks is mentally damaging.C. Parental involvement is not so beneficial as expected.D. Parents are not able to help with children’s homework.3. The example of Asian-American parents implies that parents should .A. help children realize the importance of schoolingB. set a specific life goal for their childrenC. spend more time improving their own livesD. take a more active part in school management3. 【·四川】Across , burnt toast will be served to mothers in bed this mo rning as older sons and daughters rush to deliver their super market bunches of flowers, But, according to a new study, we should be placing a higher value on motherhood all year.Mothers have long known that their home workload was just as heavy as paid work. Now, the new study has shown that if they were paid for their parental labours, they would earn as much as＄172,000 a year.The study looked at the range of jobs mothers do, as well a s the hours they are working, to determine the figure. This wo uld make their yearly income ￡30,000 more than the Prime Minister earns.By analysing the numbers, it found the average mother wor ks 119 hours a week,40 of which would usually be paid at a st andard rate and 79 hours as overtime. After questioning 1,00 0 mothers with children under 18,it found that ,on most days, mums started their routine work at 7am and finished at around 11pm.To calculate just how much mothers would earn from that la bour, it suggested some of the roles that mums could take on, including housekeeper, part-time lawyer, personal trainer and entertainer. Being a part-time lawyer, at ￡48.98 an hour, would prove to be the most p rofitable of the “mum jobs”,with psychologist（心理学家）a close second.It also asked mothers about the challenges they face, with 80 percent making emotional（情感的） demand as the hardest thing about motherhood.Over a third of mums felt they needed more training and arou nd half said they missed going out with friends.The study shows mothers matter all year long and not just on Mother’s Day. The emotional ,physical and mental energy mot hers devote to their children can be never-ending, but children are also sources of great joy and happine ss. Investing（投入）in time for parenting and raising relationships is money well s pent.1.How much would a mother earn a year if working as the Pri me Minister?A.￡30,000.B.￡142,000.C.￡172,000.D.￡202,000.2.The biggest challenge for most mothers is from.A. emotional demandB. low pay for workC. heavy workloadD. lack of training3.What is stressed in the last paragraph?A. Mothers’i mportance shows in family all year long.B. The sacrifices mothers make are huge but worthwhile.C. Mothers’devotion to children can hardly be calculated.D. Investing time in parenting would bring a financial return.4.What can we conclude from the study?A. Mothers’working hours should be largely reduced.B. Mothers should balance their time for work and rest.C. Mothers’labour is of a higher value than it is realised.D .Mothers should be freed from housework for social life.4. 【·天津】Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk, I w ent to a friend. He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I’ve ever had: Be bold and brave — and mighty (强大的) forces will come to your aid. Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen shor t in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It w as usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all. On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circumstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again. Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you can eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgme nt, creative ideas — even physical strength greater than most of us realize.Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones. But they ar e more important than physical ones. A college classmate of mine, Tim, was an excellent football player, even though he w eighed much less than the average player. “In one game I sud denly found myself confronting a huge player, who had nothin g but me between him and our goal line,” said Tim. “I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet（子弹）— and stopped him cold.”Boldness — a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme—is not one that can be acquired overnight. But it can be taught to children and developed in adults. Confidence builds up. Su rely, there will be setbacks (挫折) and disappointments in life; boldness in itself is no guarant ee of success. But the person who tries to do something and f ails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing a nd succeeds.So, always try to live a little bit beyond your abilities—and you’ll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreame d.1. Why was the author sometimes unable to reach his goal in the past?A. He faced huge risks.B. He lacked mighty forces.C. Fear prevented him from trying.D. Failure blocked his way to success.2.What is the implied meaning of the underlined part?A. Swallow more than you can digest.B. Act slightly above your abilities.C. Develop more mysterious powers.D. Learn to make creative decisions.3. What was especially important for Tim’s successful defense in the football game?A. His physical strength.B. His basic skill.C. His real fear.D. His spiritual force.4. What can be learned from Paragraph 5?A. Confidence grows more rapidly in adults.B. Trying without success is meaningless.C. Repeated failure creates a better life.D. Boldness can be gained little by little.55. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?A. To encourage people to be courageous.B. To advise people to build up physical power.C. To tell people the ways to guarantee success.D. To recommend people to develop more abilities.限时训练——阅读理解之议论文1. 【·湖北卷】Science has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseases, make bombs, and he lp bridges to stand up. Indeed science is so good at what it does that there’s always a tempta tion(诱惑) to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful. David Brooks, author of The Social A nimal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character,and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.Brooks gained fame for several books. His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books. It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topi cs. The book focuses on big questions: What has science revealed about human nature? Wh at are the sources of character? And why are some people happy and successful while other s aren’t?To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines（学科）. Considering this, you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts. But Brooks h as structured his book in an unorthodox(非常规的), and perhaps unfortunate, way. Instead of introducing scientific theories, he tells a story, within which he tries to make his points, perhaps in order to keep the reader’s attention.So as Harold and Erica, the hero and heroine in his story, live through childhood, we hear about th e science of child development and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction. Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters.On the whole,Brooks’s story is acceptable if uninspired. As one would expect, his writing is m ostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed, for instance, th e chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica are cert ainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks’s attempt to translate his tale into science.1.The author mentions the functions of science at the beginning of the passage to__________ .A. illustrate where science can be appliedB. demonstrate the value of Brooks’s new bookC. remind the reader of the importance of scienceD. explain why many writers use science in their works2.According to the author, which of the following could be a strength of the book?A. Its strong basis.B. Its convincing points.C. Its clear writing.D. Its memorable characters.3.What is the author’s general attitude towards the book?A. Contradictory.B. Supportive.C . Cautious.D. Critical.4.What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph?A. Problems with the book.B. Brooks’s life experience.C. Death of the characters.D. Brooks’s translation skills.2. 【·陕西】Parents who help their children with homework may actually be bringing down their school gr ades. Other forms of prenatal involvement, including volunteering at school and observing a child's class, also fail to help, according to the most recent study on the topic.The findings challenge a key principle of modern parenting(养育子女) where schools except them to act as partners in their children's education. Previous gene rations concentrated on getting children to school on time, fed, dressed and ready to learn.Kaith Robinson, the author of the study, said, "I really don't know if the public is ready for t his but there are some ways parents can be involved in their kids' education that leads to dec lines in their academic performance. One of the things that was consistently negative was pa rents' help with homework." Robinson suggested that may be because parents themselves st ruggle to understand the task." They may either not remember the material their kids are stud ying now, or in some cases never learnt it themselves, but they're still offering advice."Robinson assessed parental involvement performance and found one of the most damagi ng things a parent could do was to punish their children for poor marks. In general, about 20 % of parental involvement was positive, about 45% negative and the rest statistically insignifi cant.Common sense suggests it was a good thing for parents to get involved because "childre n with good academic success do have involved parents ", admitted Robinson. But he argue d that this did not prove parental involvement was the root cause of that success." A big surp rise was that Asian-American parents whose kids are doing so well in school hardly involved. They took a more r easonable approach, conveying to their children how success at school could improve their li ves."1. The underlined expression "parental involvement " in Paragraph 1 probably means .A. parents' expectation on children's healthB. parents' participation in children's educationC. parents' control over children's lifeD. parents' plan for children's future2. What is the major finding of Robinson's study ?A. Modern parents raise children in a more scientific way.B. Punishing kids for bad marks is mentally damaging.C. Parental involvement is not so beneficial as expected.D. Parents are not able to help with children’s homework.3. The example of Asian-American parents implies that parents should .A. help children realize the importance of schoolingB. set a specific life goal for their childrenC. spend more time improving their own livesD. take a more active part in school management3. 【·四川】Across , burnt toast will be served to mothers in bed this morning as older sons and daught ers rush to deliver their supermarket bunches of flowers, But, according to a new study, we s hould be placing a higher value on motherhood all year.Mothers have long known that their home workload was just as heavy as paid work. Now, t he new study has shown that if they were paid for their parental labours, they would earn as much as＄172,000 a year.The study looked at the range of jobs mothers do, as well as the hours they are working, to determine the figure. This would make their yearly income ￡30,000 more than the Prime Mi nister earns.By analysing the numbers, it found the average mother works 119 hours a week,40 of whic h would usually be paid at a standard rate and 79 hours as overtime. After questioning 1,000 mothers with children under 18,it found that ,on most days, mums started their routine work a t 7am and finished at around 11pm.To calculate just how much mothers would earn from that labour, it suggested some of the roles that mums could take on, including housekeeper, part-time lawyer, personal trainer and entertainer. Being a part-time lawyer, at ￡48.98 an hour, would prove to be the most profitable of the “mum jobs”,with psychologist（心理学家）a close second.It also asked mothers about the challenges they face, with 80 percent making emotional（情感的） demand as the hardest thing about motherhood.Over a third of mums felt they needed more training and around half said they missed going out with friends.The study shows mothers matter all year long and not just on Mother’s Day. The emotional ,p hysical and mental energy mothers devote to their children can be never-ending, but children are also sources of great joy and happiness. Investing（投入）in time for parenting and raising relationships is money well spent.1.How much would a mother earn a year if working as the Prime Minister?A.￡30,000.B.￡142,000.C.￡172,000.D.￡202,000.2.The biggest challenge for most mothers is from.A. emotional demandB. low pay for workC. heavy workloadD. lack of training3.What is stressed in the last paragraph?A. Mothers’importance shows in family all year long.B. The sacrifices mothers make are huge but worthwhile.C. Mothers’devotion to children can hardly be calculated.D. Investing time in parenting would bring a financial return.4.What can we conclude from the study?A. Mothers’working hours should be largely reduced.B. Mothers should balance their time for work and rest.C. Mothers’labour is of a higher value than it is realised.D .Mothers should be freed from housework for social life.4. 【·天津】Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk, I went to a friend. He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I’ve ever had: Be bold a nd brave — and mighty (强大的) forces will come to your aid.Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past, it was seldom bec ause I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all. On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circu mstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you can eat. And there is nothing mysteriou s about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgm ent, creative ideas — even physical strength greater than most of us realize.Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones. But they are more important than physical ones. A college classmate of mine, Tim, was an excellent football player, even though he wei ghed much less than the average player. “In one game I suddenly found myself confronting a huge player, who had nothing but me between him and our goal line,” said Tim. “I was so fri ghtened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet（子弹）— and stopped him cold.”Boldness — a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme—is not one that can be acquired overnight. But it can be taught to children and developed in a dults. Confidence builds up. Surely, there will be setbacks (挫折) and disappointments in life; boldness in itself is no guarantee of success. But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing a nd succeeds.So, always try to live a little bit beyond your abilities—and you’ll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed.1. Why was the author sometimes unable to reach his goal in the past?A. He faced huge risks.B. He lacked mighty forces.C. Fear prevented him from trying.D. Failure blocked his way to success.2.What is the implied meaning of the underlined part?A. Swallow more than you can digest.B. Act slightly above your abilities.C. Develop more mysterious powers.D. Learn to make creative decisions.3. What was especially important for Tim’s successful defense in the football game?A. His physical strength.B. His basic skill.C. His real fear.D. His spiritual force.4. What can be learned from Paragraph 5?A. Confidence grows more rapidly in adults.B. Trying without success is meaningless.C. Repeated failure creates a better life.D. Boldness can be gained little by little.55. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?A. To encourage people to be courageous.B. To advise people to build up physical power.C. To tell people the ways to guarantee success.D. To recommend people to develop more abilities.。

2025届高考英语专项复习阅读理解议论文 2020-2024高考真题专练(原卷版+解析版)

阅读理解议论文考点1 人与自我型议论文【2021新课标I卷】Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional (情感的) intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, educators and othersinterested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.32. What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligenceA. It can be measured by an IQ test.B. It helps to exercise a person's mind.C. It includes a set of emotional skills.D. It refers to a person’s positive qualities.33. Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2A. To explain a rule.B. To clarify a concept.C. To present a fact.D. To make a prediction.34. What is the author's attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligenceA. Favorable.B. Intolerant.C. Doubtful.D. Unclear.35. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligenceA. Its appeal to the public.B. Expectations for future studies.C. Its practical application.D. Scientists with new perspectives.【答案】322-35 DBAB【导读】本文是一篇议论文。

2024年高一英语暑假培优提升好题精选之阅读理解说明文议论文(原题版)

阅读理解说明文+议论文Passage 1（22-23高一下·江苏南京·期末）People with genetic syndromes (综合症) sometimes have telltale (泄露私密的) facial features, but using them to make a quick and cheap diagnosis can be tricky given there are hundreds of possible conditions they may have. A new neural network that analyzes photographs of faces can help doctors narrow down the possibilities.Yaron Gurovich at biotechnology firm FDNA in Boston and his team built a neural network to look at the gestalt — or overall impression — of faces and return a list of the 10 genetic syndromes a person is most likely to have.They trained the neural network, called DeepGestalt, on 17, 000 images correctly labelled to match more than 200 genetic syndromes. The team then asked the AI to identify potential genetic disorders from a further 502 photos of people with such conditions. It included the correct answer 91 per cent of the time.Gurovich and his team also tested the neural network’s ability to distinguish between the different genetic mutations (变异) that can lead to the same syndrome. They used photographs of people with Noonan syndrome, which can result from mutations in any one of five genes. DeepGestalt correctly identified the genetic source of the physical appearance 64 per cent of the time. It’s clearly not perfect, but it’s still much better than humans are at trying to do this.As the system makes its assessments, the facial regions that were most helpful in the determination are highlighted and made available for doctors to view. This helps them to understand the relationships between genetic make-up and physical appearance.The fact that the diagnosis is based on a simple photograph raises questions about privacy. If faces can reveal details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle. secretly use such techniques to discriminate against people who have a high probability of having certain disorders. However, Gurovich says the tool will only be available for use by clinicians (临床医生). Clinically this technology can help narrow down the search space of diagnosis and then confirm through checking genetic markers. Besides, it could perhaps add means of finding other people with the disease and, in turn, help find new treatments or cures.1．What can we know about DeepGestalt?A．It can be trained to correctly label the images of people.B．It can correctly identify genetic mutations 91% of the time.C．It is built to look at faces and identify genetic disorders.D．It is much better than humans at trying to identify physical appearance.2．Why are certain facial regions highlighted in the assessment process?A．To help confirm the diagnosis.B．To help make the system more understandable.C．To help the system quickly recognize people .D．To help identify a condition and make a diagnosis. 3．What’s the best title of this text?A．Tricky facial features B．Faces let AI spot genetic disordersC．Facial features give you away to doctors D．DeepGestalt: a magic cure for genetic syndromes 4．What’s the author’s attitude towards the technology?A．Positive.B．Neutral.C．Indifferent.D．Critical.Passage 2（22-23高一下·浙江杭州·期末）“A beautiful field of flowers can be a rather noisy place. It’s just that we can’t hear the sounds.” Scientists at Tel Aviv University have conducted a six-year experiment, proving that plants make noise in certain stressful situations.Plants produce a high frequency (频率) clicking sound, and when short of water, or damaged, the clicks become far more regular. They also made different sounds, depending on whether they were thirsty or injured. “Each plant and each type of stress is related to a specific sound,” said Professor Lilach Hadany, who led the research study.Focusing particularly on tomatoes, wheat and corn, the plants were placed in a soundproof(隔音的)room and recorded by microphones. Some plants were starved of water, others cut, and a control group was left undamaged. The researchers used an algorithm (算法) to separate the noises, suecessfully telling the difference between the sounds depending on whether they were dry or cut. The algorithm did this in a greenhouse setting which included far more surrounding sounds, but it was still able to recognize the particular cries for help of the plants.On average, the human ear can hear sounds up to around 20kHz, while the sounds produced by plants are in the 40-80kHz region, far beyond our hearing. “The sounds made by plants can’t be heard by humans but can probably be heard by various animals, such as bats, mice and insects,” Hadany tells us. Though this has yet to be proven, it’s possible that these creatures use this information to choose which plants to eat.A study led by Reda Hassanien of China Agriculural University in Beijing years ago, also proved that plants reacted to sound waves, with some plants greatly increasing their yield. While evidence shows that plants can react to sounds, there’s no evidence today that they can actually hear them.5．What can we know from the six-year experiment?A．Plants of different types make the sound of the same frequeney.B．Plants produce more regular sound in certain stressful situations.C．Plants make sounds with a much lower frequency when stressed.D．Plants make the sound of the same frequeney whatever the situation.6．What is the algorithm used for in the research?A．To record the sounds.B．To control the sounds.C．To produce the sounds.D．To identify the sounds.7．What has been proven by scientists according to the passage?A．Plants can hear each other’s cry for help.B．Animals can hear the sounds made by plants.C．Plants can make sounds and respond to sound waves.D．Animals decide what to eat based on the sounds plants make.8．Which of the following is the best title of the text?A．Sounds That We Can’t HearB．Beautiful Songs from PlantsC．Plants React to Different Types of StressD．Plants Talk, Especially When StressedPassage 3（22-23高一下·安徽合肥·期末）Free Wi-Fi has become incredibly important to us: many stores and shopping malls offer it, restaurants use it to attract customers, and for libraries and coffee shops it is a must-have service.Even when people are traveling, they scan for free Wi-Fi, which, according to research released by London’s Amba Hotel on Dec 4, has become the most important standard for selecting a hotel.According to the survey, as many as 67 percent of travelers questioned said that free Wi-Fi would make them more likely to choose accommodation, above other things such as the hotel’s location and friendly staff. When rating a hotel that they’d already stayed in, six in ten travelers believed that unlimited Wi-Fi was the most important factor in their rating.“Today, people treat their smartphones, tablets and laptop s like clothes when they are about to travel to some places. They will never forget to pack it into the suitcase,” said the Daily Mail. “We rely on free Wi-Fi heavily when traveling—especially when it comes to checking social media, searching for travel tips, and accessing websites.”However, despite the opportunities that free Wi-Fi gives us, “our over-reliance on technology has come at a price, with travelers feeling unable to escape social media”, said Lonely Planet, the world’s largest travel guide brand.Anita Isalska, Lonely Planet editor and tech addict, was forced to unplug when she was stuck in an isolated camp in Greenland recently. “Adjusting to this slower pace, it began to dawn on me: somewhere, somehow, social media had changed into a reflex(条件反射),”she wrote. “I had believed I was capturing moments, but in reality my busy thumbs were preventing me from enjoying travel’s most profound pleasures. How fully can you appreciate a huge glacier or grassland of wildflowers when your brain is subconsciously selecting the right photo filter(滤镜), or the perfect six seconds to film?”In September, the brand released 10 predictions for the future of global travel. One of them was that true escapes will be highly valued in future, so remote hotels will start to make their lack of Internet into a feature. Would you like to have an unplugged holiday?9．Why do travelers attach importance to free Wi-Fi when selecting a hotel?A．They think hotels with free Wi-Fi are likely to provide better service.B．They believe hotels with free Wi-Fi usually have better locations.C．They hope to enjoy more profound pleasures while using free Wi-Fi.D．They depend on free Wi-Fi to check social media and access websites.10．What does the underlined word “unplug” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?A．Check social media.B．Disconnect from digital devices.C．Appreciate beautiful scenery.D．Cancel a travelling plan.11．What is the lesson Anita Isalska learned from the isolated camp she attended in Greenland recently?A．Travelers should adapt to a slower pace when checking social media.B．Travelers should take more photos and videos during their journeys.C．Addiction to social media has negatively affected the quality of travel.D．Beautiful scenery could be appreciated better if films are shot cautiously12．What is the author’s main purpose in writing this article?A．To argue against people’s over-reliance on Wi-Fi.B．To promote the growing importance of free Wi-Fi in daily lives.C．To predict what global travel will be like in the future.D．To protest against travelers’ standard when selecting a hotel.Passage 4（22-23高一下·河北保定·期末）Several days of unusual warm weather in northern Greenland have caused rapid melting(融化). “Temperatures have been running around -12.2 ℃-15.5 ℃. It is warmer than normal for this time of year,” scientists said. The amount of ice that melted in Greenland between July 15 and July 17 alone—6 billion tons of water per day—would be enough to fill 7.2 million Olympic-sized swimming pools, according to the report from the National Snow and Ice Data Center. Put another way, it was enough to cover the whole state of West Virginia with a foot of water.For the scientists out on the ice sheet(冰盖), the warmth has been alarming. “It really makes me anxious,” said Kutalmis Saylam, a scientist who is now working in Greenland. “Yesterday, we could hang about in our T-shirts, which was not really expected. Since Greenland holds enough ice, sea level would rise by 7.5 meters around the world if ice all melted.”In 2020, scientists found that Greenland’s ice sheet had melted beyond the point of no return. “No efforts to prevent global warming can stop it from finally breaking into small parts,” said researchers.Aslak Grinsted, a climate scientist, said that they were trying to get flights into the camp so they can ship out the ice cores(冰芯) they had recently collected. But the warmth is destabilizing the landing site. “The weather we are seeing right now is too hot for the ski-equipped planes to land,” Grinsted said. “So we store the ice cores in large caves we have made into the snow to protect it from the heat of the summer.” Scientists made use of the abnormal warmth while they were waiting, playing volleyball in their shorts on an ice sheet at the top of the world.Grinsted referred to the temperatures as a heat wave, and noted that the possibility of temperatures getting this hot was clearly connected to global warming.13．How does the author support the topic of paragraph 1?A．By exploring reasons.B．By making comparisons.C．By designing the numbers.D．By doing some experiments.14．What did Kutalmis mean in paragraph 2?A．He disliked wearing a T-shirt.B．He worried about the warmth.C．He was deeply impressed by the ice.D．He was thirsty for enjoying the sea view.15．What does the underlined word “destabilizing“ mean in paragraph 4?A．Quitting.B．Improving.C．Sheltering.D．Destroying.16．What will the author probably do in the following paragraph?A．Recommend visiting Greenland.B．Describe how to ship out the ice core.C．Call on people to protect the environment.D．Plan to organize a sports meeting on ice.Passage 5（22-23高一下·福建福州·期末）Children may not be putting coins in piggy banks for much longer. With the move towards a cashless society, pocket money is moving digital.To reflect this trend, many mobile budgeting(预算) apps for children have sprung up worldwide：GoHenry, Osper, and Gimi, to name but a few. These apps offer a simple money management service for children, often for a monthly fee paid by the parents. Parents can add money to children’s accounts, set limits and monitor transactions(交易). Children can choose to save their money or spend it using a prepaid card.These apps aim to teach young children financial concepts(概念), such as budgeting, interest rates and income. For instance, the Swedish app Gimi—with 1.2 million users globally—has virtual savings jars where children can deposit money. Parents can pay children interest as they save. There is also a chores feature, where parents can pay children for completing household tasks. The account is attached to a prepaid card that is currently available in Sweden only, but is expected to be launched elsewhere in Europe in 2020.Haglund, CEO of Gimi, believes the app can teach children responsible spending habits. “You don’t become better at money management just because you have a degree in economics. It’s more about the attitude and the relationship you have with parents’ money when you’re 6 to 12 years old,” he says.But Catherine Winter, managing director of financial capability at The London Institute of Banking and Finance, warns that while digital tools can help there needs to be a more structured approach to financial education. The area should “have regular, dedicated, classroom time and ideally should be taught as a standalone subject,” she said. “Children would then have the right context and foundation to get the most out of both the apps and their money.”17．What does the underlined part “this trend” in paragraph 2 refer to?A．Pocket money moving digitalB．Putting coins in piggy banksC．Mobile budging apps springing up.D．Money management service being offered18．What do we know about the Swedish app Gimi?A．It pays children interest as they save.B．It can teach children concepts related to moneyC．It has 1. 2 million users all over Sweden.D．It is attached to a credit card available in Sweden only.19．What can we learn from Winter’s words?A．Digital tools can help a lot with spending habitsB．A regular classroom-based financial education is needed.C．Money management requires financial capability.D．Children can get the most out of their money with the apps20．What’s the passage mainly about?A．The importance of financial education.B．The trend towards a cashless society.C．The rise of the digital piggy bank.D．The popularity of money management appsPassage 6（22-23高一下·山东青岛·期末）The cultures of the East and the West are really different from each other a lot. This is because the culture systems are two separate ones on the whole.The origin (起源) of the Eastern culture is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are developed by rivers — the Yellow River in China and the Hindu River in India. They helped the two cultures develop for centuries and form their own styles.When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture, another famous culture was up on the Mesopotamian Plain — the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. And these two are well-known as the base of the European culture. Like the Chinese culture, the European culture also crossed waters. When the British settled down in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn’t have much difference from the European culture.At the same time, some other differences add to the cultural differences. Take the language system for example. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic (象形) language while the western languages are mostly based on the Latin system. Other causes like human race differences count as well. But what’s more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and the west, the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference from the other.The differences are everywhere. They are obvious and make people’s ways of thinking and their views of the world different. But different cultures make the world of 21st century more colorful. The cultural difference should not be the obstacle (障碍) to the civilization of human being. It ought to be the driving force of our going farther. 21．What is the text mainly about?A．The origin of cultures.B．Culture differences.C．Language systems.D．Colorful world.22．Why is the American culture similar to the European culture?A．Both of the two cultures have a very long history.B．They have the same mother rivers as the Chinese culture.C．The early settlers from Britain brought their culture to America.D．Both the British and the American live along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean.23．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “interference” in paragraph4?A．difference B．influenceC．confidence D．environment24．Where is the passage most likely from?A．A diary.B．A magazine.C．A novel.D．A guidebook.Passage 7（22-23高一下·重庆·期末）Cookie is a hero! This pet parrot’s courage was celebrated in a news article after he saved his teenage owner when a fire broke out in their home in Wales. The bird flapped its wings and squawked(尖声高叫) to warn Ben Rees of the fire. He fled, Cookie died. There are many stories of animals keeping humans out of harm’s way. But the relationship between species hasn’t always sounded so friendly and selfless.From 1911 to 1986, canaries (金丝雀) were traditionally taken down British coal mines to alert workers to the presence of poisonous gases. If the animals got sick, humans knew to leave the area. Today sniffer dogs are used by the police and the military to locate drugs, landmines and even dead bodies.The gratitude to animals, which bring us companionship and even rescue us, contributed to making the modern concept of animal rights popular. The idea can be traced back to 19th century England. The Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) was created in 1824 and is still going strong today.Local groups in different countries have focused on issues on their own area. Spanish animal rights activists, for example, have engaged in a campaign to ban bullfighting. And the animals don’t have to be powerful bulls or cute birds, cats and dogs to avoid suffering. What about pythons (巨蟒) and iguanas (蜥蜴)? They have rights too, according to the group People for the Treatment of Animals.25．Cookie is mentioned to ________.A．show animals’ bravery B．provide the backgroundC．prove animals’ loyalty D．introduce a topic26．What makes the idea of animal rights popular?A．Animals’ selflessness.B．Animals’ companionship.C．Appreciation to animals.D．The relationship between species.27．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A．All animals have rights definitely.B．Spanish animal rights activists are violent.C．It’s hard to say animals have rights.D．Only strong or lovely animals have rights.28．In which section can you read the passage in a magazine?A．Health.B．Finance.C．Opinions.D．Technology.Passage 8（22-23高一下·江苏徐州·期末）Today’s amazing newspaper headline!First family of four to walk to the South Pole wearing Mickey Mouse ears and clown’s shoes.No, not really. It isn’t true. I invented it. But I wouldn’t be surprised to see it one day soon. It seems that every week someone becomes ”the first” or “the youngest” or “the oldest” or even “the first married couple” to dosomething that doesn’t seem to be very useful to the rest of humanity.This year I’ve seen headlines saying “The youngest person to sail the Atlantic alone”, “The youngest Briton to climb Mount Everest”, and “The first people to fly around the world in a hot air balloon”. Why do they do it? Don’t they have better things to do with their time and money? And why should I be interested anyway?Human beings have already climbed the highest mountains, sailed across the oceans and flown around the world. People have already reached the most remote parts of our planet. Many of these things were done a long, long time ago. There just isn’t anything left to explore nowadays. I suppose there’s still a lot of the universe left, and the bottom of the oceans is still a bit of a mystery, but you need a lot of technology to explore areas like that. So, those people who feel the need for adventure can only do things that have been done before. So they have to try and do it in a new way, or be “the fastest” or “the youngest” or “the oldest” to do something that isn’t really new at all.What is so great about climbing Mount Everest these days anyway? It’s become a popular tourist trip. People pay thousands of dollars to be taken up the mountain by the local Sherpas, who lead the way and carry the bags. At any one time there are about a thousand people either climbing up or on their way back down. As a result, Everest is covered with rubbish and the Sherpas have to make special trips up the mountain to pick it up. The climbers are often inexperienced and when they get into trouble other people have to risk their lives to bring them down to safety. Helicopter crews have been killed trying to reach people who were stuck on the mountain.In January 2003 a helicopter carrying two British men crashed into the sea near Antarctica. I’m not quite sure what they were trying to be “the first” or “the youngest” to do. The Chilean navy picked them up after a nine-hour rescue mission that cost tens of thousands of pounds, all paid for by the Chilean and British taxpayers.Talking of taxpayers, many Australians are getting a bit fed up with record breakers. A lot of people trying to break sailing or rowing records get into trouble in the seas around Australia, so the Australian navy has to send ships to save them. There have been a lot of difficult, time-consuming rescue missions in recent years costing the Australian government millions of dollars. I suppose we can’t just leave them to drown, but personally, I think we should give the bill to the people who are rescued. Perhaps they would think twice about doing it if they had to pay for expensive insurance premiums (保费). Then I wouldn’t have to read about them in the newspapers either. 29．The writer invents the newspaper headline in paragraphs 1 & 2 to ________.A．persuade readers of a new trend B．entertain readers with his humorC．get readers interested in the topic D．remind readers of an important event30．By saying “It’s become a popular tourist trip”, the writer means ________.A．Mount Everest is now covered with a lot of rubbishB．climbing Mount Everest has already lost its true meaningC．it’s impossible to climb up Mountain Everest without helpD．people without experience may get in trouble or even danger31．Which is the reason why many Australians dislike the record breakers?A．They have to pay for the costs of rescuing the record breakers.B．The Australian navy was not something intended for rescue work.C．The record breakers should pay for their insurance premiums themselves.D．A great number of people try to break records in the seas around Australia.32．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A．It’s All Been Done Before B．Never Do Something NewC．You Are the Next Record Breaker D．Be Responsible for Your AdventuresPassage 9（22-23高一下·四川凉山·期末）More and more teenagers are becoming unwilling to exercise worldwide. Australia, a nation that prides itself on its outdoor culture, is doing particularly poorly. It is currently ranked (排名) 140th out of 146 countries for teenage exercise levels. The data shows that 85%of girls are physically inactive compared to 78% of boys. In Australia, less than 1 in 10 teenagers aged 12 to 18 are meeting the recommended levels of physical activity.The current guidelines and evidence show that teenagers should be doing at least 60 minutes of physical activity per day. This should include muscle and bone strengthening activities on at least three days per week, meanwhile limiting recreational screen time to a maximum of 2 hours per day.Not being active can cause a range of health conditions leading to early adulthood and beyond. Adolescents may have decreased bone and cardio-metabolic (心脏代谢的) health which leaves them facing an increased risk of chronic disease (慢性病) in later life, including type 2 diabetes, heart disease, high cholesterol, and decreased fitness. If you’re not moving enough you’re also at an increased risk of being overweight or obese, with data already showing that 29.8% of teenagers (14-17) are classified as overweight or obese.So how can we get teenagers to exercise more? Firstly, high schools should place more importance on lunchtime and allow 1-hour breaks that increase physical activity. We should also encourage teenagers to be activeon their lunch break. Parents and guardians also have an important role to play and should aim to devote 1 hour a day to moving more. This does not need to be 1 full hour and can be broken down into two 30-minute parts. The most important factor is to identify your teenager’s interests and needs surrounding their physical activity.Don’t be afraid to ask for help in finding a safe and fun exercise program. A qualified exercise physiologist or exercise scientist can help your child find a way to be more active that is suited to their needs, age of development, and interests.33．How does the writer show teenagers in Australia lack enough exercise in Paragraph 1?A．By analyzing reasons.B．By listing data.C．By making comparison.D．By giving examples.34．What does the author mainly intend to say with facts in Paragraph 3?A．A lack of exercise does lasting harm to health.B．Outdoor activities help build positive characters.C．Most chronic diseases come from getting overweight.D．Teenagers tend to take in more calories than they actually need.35．What is especially important when it comes to encouraging teenagers to exercise more?A．Parents’ full participation in exercising.B．Arranging a balanced diet for them.C．Taking their interests into consideration.D．Improvement in the school PE course.36．What may be the author’s writing purpose?A．To recommend fun exercise programs.B．To encourage physical activity in teenagers.C．To show the way to build a good living habit.D．To explain the reason for teenagers’ poor health.Passage 10（22-23高一下·河南洛阳·期末）I have spent my entire life either at the schoolhouse, on the way to the schoolhouse, or talking about what happens in the schoolhouse. Both my parents and my grandparents were educators. For the past 40 years I’ve done the same thing. Needless to say, over those years I’ve had a chance to look at education reform from a lot of aspects. And we know why kids drop out. We know why kids don’t learn. It’s either poverty, low attendance or negative peer influences. But one of the things that we never discuss or we barely discuss is the value—the importance of human connection and relationships.James Comer says that no significant learning can occur without a significant relationship and all learning is understanding relationships. Everyone has been affected by a teacher or an adult. I have looked at the best and I’ve looked at some of the worst.A colleague said to me once, “My duty isn’t to like the kids, but to teach a lesson. The kids should learn it. I should teach it. This is the case.” Well, I said to her, “You know, kids don’t learn from people they don’t like.”I have had classes that were so low that I cried. I wondered, how was I going to take this group in nine months from where they were to where they needed to be? And it was awfully hard. How did I raise the self-confidence of a child and his academic achievement at the same time?One year I came up with a bright idea. I told all my students, “You were chosen to be in my class because I am the best teacher and you are the best students. They put us all together so we could show everybody else how to do it.” And I gave them a saying: “I am somebody. I was somebody when I came. I’ll be a better somebody when I leave. I am powerful , and I am strong. I deserve the education that I get here.”Teaching and learning should bring joy. How powerful would our world be if we had kids who were not afraid to take risks, who were not afraid to think, and who had a champion! Every child deserves a champion. An adult who will never give up on them, and who understands the power of connection, insists that they become the best that they can possibly be.37．Why do kids drop out of school?A．They have a bad association with teachers.。

(英语)高一英语阅读理解专项训练100(附答案)及解析

（英语）高一英语阅读理解专项训练100(附答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解As a volunteer teacher, I moved into an apartment with eagerness. Sorting all the necessary paperwork out, I got ready to start my work. Great, or so I thought. At 4 a.m. and at several intervals after that, I was rudely awaken by the cock that lives opposite me. Fantastic! I now have 5 extra alarms every morning.In the following weeks, I also started to notice a trend. Things in my flat started to break at the rate of one object per day, like the hot water line, bowls, cups, shower, doors or glass shelves. Yes, I am clumsy but things just fell apart. If it wasn't broken, it would either be dirty or missing. Using my washing basket for the first time was pretty disgusting. When I took out my clothes, they were swiftly followed by a hundred or so bugs that were living in the bottom.As for the general Lack of equipment in the hose, there was no oven. tin opener, or sharp knives. It turns out making a vegetarian burger from scratch wasn't the best idea. I had a small microwave and a grill. I thought the general understanding was never to put metal in a microwave but I went on. Smoke soon started to appear. I'm not quite sure if it was the burger or the grill but as soon as I opened the door, the electricity cut out, I spent the fallowing 10 minutes in a dark, smoky room hunting for the power switch using the light from my mobile phone, which broke the week after and left me without a connection to the outer world.Luckily, I'm now borrowing a phone and my luck has returned. No more things have broken (probably because there is nothing left to break). I am learning how to adapt to life with limited, broken utensils (用具).（1）How did the author feel about her new life upon her arrival?A.She was nervous to kick off the new job.B.She was annoyed with the rude students.C.She was full of enthusiasm about her new life.D.She was satisfied with five alarm clocks in her room.（2）What was the trend in the following weeks?A.Her flat became dirtier.B.she developed disability.C.Things began to go wrong.D.More clothes needed mending.（3）What happened when the author was making a burger?A.She suffered a big fire.B.She made a terrible mistake.C.She was seriously injured.D.She broke her phone accidentally.（4）What can be inferred about the author from the end of the passage?A.She will go on living here.B.She will resign from her job.C.she will more into a new flat.D.She will buy new daily necessities.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文为一篇记叙文，作者去西班牙的一个漂亮小岛上做英语老师，虽然拥有自己的公寓，可是里边的生活用具很老旧，给作者的生活带来了诸多不便。

高一英语阅读理解专项练习进步议论文资料类

议论文类（I）In the world today, all of the people need recreation (消遣). We cannot work all the time if we are going to keep healthy and enjoy life. Everyone has his own way of relaxing. Perhaps the most popular form is to take part in sports. There are team sports, such as basketball and football; There are also individual (个人的) sports, such as swimming and running. Skating and mountain climbing are the most popular recreation for people who like to be outdoor.Not everyone who enjoys sports likes to take part in them. Many people like watching them on TV or listening to them on the radio. So many people like some forms of indoor recreation, such as watching TV, singing and dancing.It doesn’t matter whether we like indoor recreation or take part in outdoor sports. It is important for everyone to relax from time to time, and enjoy some forms of recreation.1．Which is the most popular form of recreation according to this text? A．Sports. B．Watching TV.C．Sleeping. D．Singing and dancing.2．People want to take part in sports in order to ____.A．keep healthy and enjoy life B．make friendsC．find a good job D．make more money 3．Outdoor sports include ____.A．watching TV B．singing and dancing C．listening to the radio D．skating and mountain climbing 4．The passage mainly tells us that ____.A．basketball is a kind of team sportB．everyone who enjoys sports should take part in them C．different people have different ways of relaxingD．indoor recreation is not as important as outdoor sports1-4 AADC（II）Do you know of anyone who uses the truth to deceive(欺骗)? When someone tells you something that is true，but leaves out important information that should be included, he can give you a false picture．For example，someone might say，“I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery(彩票)．It was great．I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!”This guy's a winner，right? Maybe，maybe not．We then discover that he bought $ 200 worth of tickets，and only one was a winner．He’s really a big loser!He didn’t say anything that was false，but he left out importantinformation on purpose．That’s called a half-truth．Half truths are not technically lies，but they are just as dishonest．Some politicians often use this trick．Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term，her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs．Then she seeks an other term．One of her opponents(对手)says，“During Governor Smith’s term，the state lost one million jobs!”That’s true．However，an honest statement would have been，“During Governor Smith's term，the state had a net gain of two million jobs．’’Advertisers(广告商) will sometimes use half—truths．It’s against the law to make false statements so they try to mislead you with the truth．An advertisement might say，“Nine out of ten doctors advised their patients to take Yucky Pills to cure toothache．”It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Company．This kind of deception happens too often．It’s a sad fact of life：Lies are lies，and sometimes the truth can 1ie as well．1．How much did the lottery winner lose?A．one hundred dollars．B．Two hundred dollars．C．Three hundred dollars．D．Four hundred dollars．2．We may infer that the author believes people shouldA．buy lottery tickets if possible B．make use of half—truthsC．be careful about what they are told D．not trust the Yucky Company3．What do the underlined words “net gain”in Paragraph 5 mean?A．final increase B．big advantageC．1arge share D．total number 4．What can we know from the example of the Yucky Pill advertisement?A．False statements are easy to see through．B．Half-truths are often used to mislead people．C．Doctors like to act in advertisements．D．Advertisements are based on facts．5．How many examples does the writer give to show how the truth is used to deceive?A．One．B．Two．C．Three．D．Four．6．Which of the following is true according to the passage?A．Using half truths is against the law．B．Technically，half truths are in fact lies．C．Yucky Pills is a very good medicine for toothache．D．Governor Smith did a good job during her last term．7．Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?A．He’s really a big loser!B．Sometimes the truth can lie as well．C．Advertisers will sometimes use half truths．D．It’s against the law to make false statements．1-5 ACABC 6-7 DB（III）We are all called upon to make a speech at some point in life, but most of us don't do a very good job. This article gives some suggestions on how to give an effective speech.So, you have to give a speech and you're terrified. You get nervous, you forget what you want to say, you stumble over words, you talk too long and you bore your audience. Later you think, “Thank goodness, it's over. I'm just no good at public speaking. I hope I never have to do that again.”Cheer up! It doesn't have to be that bad. Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech making. Ask yourself the purpose of your speech. What is the occasion? Why are you speaking? Then, gather as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty of time doing your research. Then spend plenty of time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible and use pictures, charts and graphs if they will help you make your points more clearly. Never forget your audience. Don't talk over their heads and don't talk down to them. Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness.Just remember: Be prepared. Know your subject, your audience and the occasion. Be brief. Say what you have to say and then stop. And be yourself. Let your personality come through so that you make person-to-person contact with your audience.If you follow these simple steps, you'll see that you don't have to be afraid of public speaking. In fact, you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches! You're not convinced yet. Give it a try and see what happens. 1. We can conclude from Paragraph 2 that many people .A. talk too long in a speechB. are happy to give a speechC. are afraid of giving a speechD. do not prepare for a speech2. All of the following statements are true except that .A. a lecturer does not need to organize his speechB. few people know how to make good speechesC. research is important in preparing a speechD. there are simple steps to improve your speaking3. The underlined expression “talk over their heads” means “ ”.A. speak too loudlyB. look at the ceilingC. look down upon themD. use difficult words and ideas4. The main idea of the passage is that .A. you can improve your speaking abilityB. a poor speaker can never changeC. it's easy to make a short speechD. it is hard to make a speech1-4 CADA（IV）Are you ready to do your bit to stop global warming? On Saturday, March 29, you will have a chance-to tell Toronto and the entire world that you are devoted to doing your part.You can do it by turning off your lights during Earth Hour, from 8 p.m. to 9 p.m. Started last year by the World Wildlife Fund in Sydney, Australia, Earth Hour this year is going international, with 17 cities signed up so far, including Toronto.The challenge for us Torontonians will be to show we are as devoted to fighting global warming as Sydneysiders were last year. Of course, one hour of darkness isn't going to stop global warming. But the thinking behind Earth Hour is that it gets people personally involved(加入). Besides giving people a chance to show their concerns over climate change, the goal is to get them to start changing their wasteful habits.Did you know, for example, that your electronic devices(设备) that you think you've turned off are still drawing power if you leave them plugged in?If you want to make a difference, sign up today and promise to turn off your lights when Earth Hour arrives on March 29. Persuade others to do their part. Start to think about changes that can be made in your home and your workplace that will cut down on waste and greenhouse gas.1. What can be the best title for the passage?A. A Chance to Help Save the EarthB. A Chance to Help Prevent PollutionC. An Hour to Fight Against Bad HabitsD. An Hour to Keep Climate Unchanged2. The passage mainly calls on people of to join in the March 29th activity.A. SydneyB. TorontoC. the worldD. the 17 cities3. The Earth Hour movement mainly aims to get people to to save our earth.A. sense the dangerB. make a promiseC. perform their dutiesD. show their value4. Which is implied（暗示）in the passage that should not happen in our daily life?1-4 ABCD（V）We live in a digital world now, and a student's technology needs have changed. For the early years, say when you are in primary school, you can get by with no technology at all. Even if you have a computer, it's a good idea to get children familiar with libraries. At this age, trips to the library are like family outings.As you get closer to middle school, a computer with Internet access becomes more of a necessity. Teachers will often give assignments that require a student to use the Internet for research. After a computer, technology choices for students become more difficult to make – especially when it comes to cell-phones. Kids will beg their parents for acell-phone, especially in middle school. For many parents, it's a safety issue: They want to know that their kids can reach them quickly if necessary. For teachers, cell phones can be used to record lessons when students are absent. But many teachers dislike cell-phones. Some kids send messages or have talks in the class. Sending messages also raises the problem of cheating on exams. More and more schools are now forbidding the use of cell-phones.Many kids see iPods as necessary things to have. iPods are great for music, but do they do anything good for your children’s education? Maybe they do. That’s the opinion of Doug Johnson, an educator for 30 years. Johnson says that educators should accept all new forms of technology in the classroom, including iPods. “Some do more with their cell- phones than we can do with our laptops,” he jokes. “I don’t think we should be afraid. The truth is that it’s easier to change the way we teach than to change the technology habits of an entire generation.”1. According to author, primary school children should___.A. use the computer and the Internet regularlyB. ask their parents to buy them cell-phonesC. buy iPods to listen to musicD. go to libraries to read more books2. Why do parents agree to buy their children cell-phones?A. They want their children to be cool..-B. They think cell-phones be helpful to their study.C. They want to keep in touch with their children.D. They want their children to keep up to date.3. The following are all reasons why many teachers dislike cell-phones EXCEPT ____.A. cell-phones can be used to cheat on examsB. schoolchildren will send messages during classC. cell-phones can be used to record lessonsD. schoolchildren might talk on them during class4. What does the underlined word “that” refers to?A. iPods can be used to listen to music.B. iPods can be helpful for children’s education.C. iPods can be used to play games.D. iPods are necessary for children’s lives.5. We can infer from what Doug Johnson said that _____.A. cell-phones are not useful to studentsB. teachers should let students use cell-phonesC. it’s better for teachers to change their teaching methodsD. schoolchildren should follow the trends(潮流) of fashion1-5 DCCBC。

高一英语阅读理解专项练习：议论文类1

议论文类@考@资@源@网（I）★★Cheating can happen in a lot of different ways. When people cheat, it’s not fair to other people, like the kids who studied for the test or who were the true winners of a game.Many people like the action of cheating. It makes difficult things seem easy, like getting all the right answers on the test. But it doesn’t solve the problem of not knowing the material and it won’t help on the next test --- unless the person cheats again. @考@资@源@网Some people lose respect for cheaters and think less of them. The cheaters themselves may feel bad because they know they are not really earning that good grade. And, if they get caught cheating, they will be in trouble at school, and maybe at home, too.Some kids cheat because they’re busy or lazy and they want to get good grades without spending the time studying. Other kids might feel like they can’t pass the test without cheating. Even when there seems to be a “good reason” for cheating, cheating isn’t a good idea.If you were sick or upset about something the night before and couldn’t study, it would be better to talk with the teacher about this. And if you don’t have enough time to study for a test because of swim practice, you need to talk with your parents about how to balance swimming and school. @考@资@源@网A kid who thinks cheating is the only way to pass a test needs to talk with the teacher and his or her parents so they can find some solutions(解决办法) together. Talking about these problems and working them out will feel better than cheating.1．The author thinks that when kids cheat in class, _______.A．it is unfair to other peopleB．it does harm to their heathC．teachers should punish themD．teachers shouldn’t stop them at once2．Some students like cheating mainly because_________.A．the material in the test is very difficultB．they want to do better than the othersC．cheating can make hard things seem very easyD．they have little time to study their lessons3．The fourth paragraph mainly tells us______.A．cheating isn’t a good ide aB．why kids cheat in the testC．some kids can’t pass the test without cheatingD．some kids don’t spend the time studying4．We can learn from the passage______.A．cheaters are often thought highly ofB．people show no respect for those who cheatC．parents whose kids cheat are often in troubleD．kids cheat in the test because of swim practice5．In the passage those cheaters are advised to_______.A．spend more time on school than on sportsB．find good solutions instead of cheatingC．try hard to be intelligent rather than lazyD．ask their classmates for good methods of study@考@资@源@网1-5 ACBBB（II）★★If you travel by air across the center of Africa or South America, you fly over forests for thousands of kilometers. These great forests are the oceans of trees. They are full of thousands and thousands of different kinds of plants and animal.However, the world forests are getting smaller all the time. We are cutting down the trees because we need wood, and we need more farmland.Some people say that there will not be any forests like these in 20 or 30 years. What will happen if they disappear?If we cut down our forests, a lot of plants and animals will disappear from the world. In a lot of places the new farmland will soon look like the old deserts. Crops will not grow there. It will not rain very often, and the weather will get very hot. Perhaps the climate of the world will change. This will be dangerous for everyone in the world. That is why we must take care of forests.1. The passage mainly tells us about _________.A. the importance of taking care of our forestsB. the result of cutting down the treesC. the world of great forestsD. the reasons for forming the deserts2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Africa and South America are the oceans of trees.B. Forests are homes for different kinds of animals.C. Forests are usually several square kilometers large.D. Different plants can’t be found in the same forest.3. The need for more wood and more land results in ________.A. the change of the world climateB. the disappearance of many plants and animalsC. more desert and less farmlandD. all of the above4. What will happen in 20 or 30 years in some people’s view?A. We’ll have mor e and great forests.B. We’ll have enough land to support our people.C. We’ll have no forests like those in the center of Africa.D. We’ll have enough wood to do some cooking.5. The writer thinks ________.A. it necessary for people to cut down the forests @考@资@源@网。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

议论文类（I）In the world today, all of the people need recreation (消遣). We cannot work all the time if we are going to keep healthy and enjoy life.Everyone has his own way of relaxing. Perhaps the most popular form is to take part in sports. There are team sports, such as basketball and football; There are also individual (个人的) sports, such as swimming and running. Skating and mountain climbing are the most popular recreation for people who like to be outdoor.Not everyone who enjoys sports likes to take part in them. Many people like watching them on TV or listening to them on the radio. So many people like some forms of indoor recreation, such as watching TV, singing and dancing.It doesn’t matter whether we like indoor recreation or take part in outdoor sports. It is important for everyone to relax from time to time, and enjoy some forms of recreation.1．Which is the most popular form of recreation according to this text?A．Sports. B．Watching TV.C．Sleeping. D．Singing and dancing.2．People want to take part in sports in order to ____.A．keep healthy and enjoy life B．make friendsC．find a good job D．make more money 3．Outdoor sports include ____.A．watching TV B．singing and dancing C．listening to the radio D．skating and mountain climbing4．The passage mainly tells us that ____.A．basketball is a kind of team sportB．everyone who enjoys sports should take part in them C．different people have different ways of relaxingD．indoor recreation is not as important as outdoor sports1-4 AADC（II）Do you know of anyone who uses the truth to deceive(欺骗)? When someone tells you something that is true，but leaves out important information that should be included, he can give you a false picture．For example，someone might say，“I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery(彩票)．It was great．I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!”This guy's a winner，right? Maybe，maybe not．We then discoverthat he bought $ 200 worth of tickets，and only one was a winner．He’s really a big loser!He didn’t say anything that was false，but he left out important information on purpose．That’s called a half-truth．Half truths are not technically lies，but they are just as dishonest．Some politicians often use this trick．Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term，her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs．Then she seeks an other term．One of her opponents(对手)says，“During Governor Smith’s term，the state lost one million jobs!”That’s true．However，an honest statement would have been，“During Governor Smith's term，the state had a net gain of two million jobs．’’Advertisers(广告商) will sometimes use half—truths．It’s against the law to make false statements so they try to mislead you with the truth．An advertisement might say，“Nine out of ten doctors advised their patients to take Yucky Pills to cure toothache．”It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Company．This kind of deception happens too often．It’s a sad fact of life：Lies are lies，and sometimes the truth can 1ie as well．1．How much did the lottery winner lose?A．one hundred dollars．B．Two hundred dollars．C．Three hundred dollars．D．Four hundred dollars．2．We may infer that the author believes people shouldA．buy lottery tickets if possible B．make use of half—truthsC．be careful about what they are told D．not trust the Yucky Company3．What do the underlined words “net gain”in Paragraph 5 mean?A．final increase B．big advantageC．1arge share D．total number 4．What can we know from the example of the Yucky Pill advertisement?A．False statements are easy to see through．B．Half-truths are often used to mislead people．C．Doctors like to act in advertisements．D．Advertisements are based on facts．5．How many examples does the writer give to show how the truth is used to deceive?A．One．B．Two．C．Three．D．Four．6．Which of the following is true according to the passage?A．Using half truths is against the law．B．Technically，half truths are in fact lies．C．Yucky Pills is a very good medicine for toothache．D．Governor Smith did a good job during her last term．7．Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?A．He’s really a big loser!B．Sometimes the truth can lie as well．C．Advertisers will sometimes use half truths．D．It’s against the law to make false statements．1-5 ACABC 6-7 DB（III）We are all called upon to make a speech at some point in life, but most of us don't do a very good job. This article gives some suggestions on how to give an effective speech.So, you have to give a speech and you're terrified. You get nervous, you forget what you want to say, you stumble over words, you talk too long and you bore your audience. Later you think, “Thank goodness, it's over. I'm just no good at public speaking. I hope I never have to do that again.”Cheer up! It doesn't have to be that bad. Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech making. Ask yourself the purpose of your speech. What is the occasion? Why are you speaking? Then, gather as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty oftime doing your research. Then spend plenty of time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible and use pictures, charts and graphs if they will help you make your points more clearly. Never forget your audience. Don't talk over their heads and don't talk down to them. Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness.Just remember: Be prepared. Know your subject, your audience and the occasion. Be brief. Say what you have to say and then stop. And be yourself. Let your personality come through so that you make person-to-person contact with your audience.If you follow these simple steps, you'll see that you don't have to be afraid of public speaking. In fact, you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches! You're not convinced yet. Give it a try and see what happens. 1. We can conclude from Paragraph 2 that many people .A. talk too long in a speechB. are happy to give a speechC. are afraid of giving a speechD. do not prepare for a speech2. All of the following statements are true except that .A. a lecturer does not need to organize his speechB. few people know how to make good speechesC. research is important in preparing a speechD. there are simple steps to improve your speaking3. The underlined expression “talk over their heads” means “”.A. speak too loudlyB. look at the ceilingC. look down upon themD. use difficult words and ideas4. The main idea of the passage is that .A. you can improve your speaking abilityB. a poor speaker can never changeC. it's easy to make a short speechD. it is hard to make a speech1-4 CADA（IV）Are you ready to do your bit to stop global warming? On Saturday, March 29, you will have a chance-to tell Toronto and the entire world that you are devoted to doing your part.You can do it by turning off your lights during Earth Hour, from 8 p.m. to 9 p.m. Started last year by the World Wildlife Fund in Sydney, Australia, Earth Hour this year is going international, with 17 citiessigned up so far, including Toronto.The challenge for us Torontonians will be to show we are as devoted to fighting global warming as Sydneysiders were last year. Of course, one hour of darkness isn't going to stop global warming. But the thinking behind Earth Hour is that it gets people personally involved(加入). Besides giving people a chance to show their concerns over climate change, the goal is to get them to start changing their wasteful habits. Did you know, for example, that your electronic devices(设备) that you think you've turned off are still drawing power if you leave them plugged in?If you want to make a difference, sign up today and promise to turn off your lights when Earth Hour arrives on March 29. Persuade others to do their part. Start to think about changes that can be made in your home and your workplace that will cut down on waste and greenhouse gas.1. What can be the best title for the passage?A. A Chance to Help Save the EarthB. A Chance to Help Prevent PollutionC. An Hour to Fight Against Bad HabitsD. An Hour to Keep Climate Unchanged2. The passage mainly calls on people of to join in the March 29th activity.A. SydneyB. TorontoC. the worldD. the 17 cities3. The Earth Hour movement mainly aims to get people to to save our earth.A. sense the dangerB. make a promiseC. perform their dutiesD. show their value4. Which is implied（暗示）in the passage that should not happen in our daily life?1-4 ABCD（V）We live in a digital world now, and a student's technology needs have changed. For the early years, say when you are in primary school, youcan get by with no technology at all. Even if you have a computer, it's a good idea to get children familiar with libraries. At this age, trips to the library are like family outings.As you get closer to middle school, a computer with Internet access becomes more of a necessity. Teachers will often give assignments that require a student to use the Internet for research. After a computer, technology choices for students become more difficult to make – especially when it comes to cell-phones. Kids will beg their parents for a cell-phone, especially in middle school. For many parents, it's a safety issue: They want to know that their kids can reach them quickly if necessary. For teachers, cell phones can be used to record lessons when students are absent. But many teachers dislike cell-phones. Some kids send messages or have talks in the class. Sending messages also raises the problem of cheating on exams. More and more schools are now forbidding the use of cell-phones. Many kids see iPods as necessary things to have. iPods are great for music, but do they do anything good for your children’s education? Maybe they do. That’s the opinion of Doug Johnson, an educator for 30 years. Johnson says that educators should accept all new forms of technology in the classroom, including iPods. “Some do more with their cell- phones than we can do with our laptops,” he jokes. “I don’t think we should be afraid. The truth is that it’s easier to change theway we teach than to change the technology habits of an entire generation.”1. According to author, primary school children should___.A. use the computer and the Internet regularlyB. ask their parents to buy them cell-phonesC. buy iPods to listen to musicD. go to libraries to read more books2. Why do parents agree to buy their children cell-phones?A. They want their children to be cool.B. They think cell-phones be helpful to their study.C. They want to keep in touch with their children.D. They want their children to keep up to date.3. The following are all reasons why many teachers dislike cell-phones EXCEPT ____.A. cell-phones can be used to cheat on examsB. schoolchildren will send messages during classC. cell-phones can be used to record lessonsD. schoolchildren might talk on them during class4. What does the underlined word “that” refers to?A. iPods can be used to listen to music.B. iPods can be helpful for children’s education.C. iPods can be used to play games.D. iPods are necessary for children’s lives.5. We can infer from what Doug Johnson said that _____.A. cell-phones are not useful to studentsB. teachers should let students use cell-phonesC. it’s better for teachers to change their teaching methodsD. schoolchildren should follow the trends(潮流) of fashion 1-5 DCCBC。