雅思作文写作冲刺课程讲义
《雅思写作》课件-2024鲜版
《雅思写作》课件CATALOGUE 目录•雅思写作概述•雅思写作任务类型与技巧•文章结构与段落展开方法•词汇、语法和句式运用指导•观点陈述、论证和批判性思维培养•模拟试题与范文欣赏01雅思写作概述CHAPTER雅思写作考试形式与要求考试形式雅思写作考试分为两部分，第一部分为图表作文（Task 1），第二部分为议论文（Task 2）。
字数要求Task 1要求考生写至少150字，Task2要求考生写至少250字。
时间限制Task 1的建议用时为20分钟，Task 2的建议用时为40分钟。
评分标准及考生常见问题评分标准考生常见问题如何备考雅思写作熟悉考试形式和评分标准积累词汇和句型练习写作请教老师或专业人士02雅思写作任务类型与技巧CHAPTER1 2 3理解图表信息选择重要信息使用适当的语言和结构图表作文写作技巧明确观点提供充分的论据逻辑清晰030201议论文写作技巧混合题型应对策略分别应对识别题型针对不同类型的题目，采用不同的应对策略。
例如，对于包含图表和议论的题目，可以先描述图表，然后提出观点并进行论述。
整合信息03文章结构与段落展开方法CHAPTER引言段写作方法开门见山背景介绍提出疑问论证方法运用举例、对比、因果等论证方法，充分阐述主题句。
主题句每段开头明确主题句，概括该段主要内容。
过渡与衔接使用过渡词和衔接手段，确保段落间逻辑清晰、连贯。
正文段落展开策略结尾段总结技巧重申观点01展望未来02简洁明了0304词汇、语法和句式运用指导CHAPTER高级词汇选用及替换建议使用具体、生动的词汇01避免重复使用同一词汇02注意词汇的准确性和正式程度03复杂句式构造和变换技巧使用从句和复合句变换句子结构注意句子的流畅性和简洁性避免常见语法错误确保主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
注意动词的时态和语态的正确使用，避免混淆。
正确使用标点符号，避免句子结构的混淆和歧义。
例如，避免使用双重否定、注意冠词的正确使用等。
雅思精讲写作班精讲班第1讲讲义
第一章 第一章 写作概述
60 分钟
Task 1 150w G: letter A:graph 1/3
Task 2 250w Essay
2/3
评分标准（四要素作文法）
Task
Grganization
Idea
Language
第二章 第二章 议论文----概述
一、字数、时间 250-300 words 35-40m
As one of the most important inventions of the past century, TV is playing a more and more important role in modern life. However, some people are starting to worry about its negative effects on traditional families. I am convinced that the existence of TV has brought about alienation among family members.
Those who strongly approve of the ban lay too much emphasis on the rights of nonsmokers. They ignore smokers’ rights. Smoking is just a personal hobby and amusement. It is a kind of lifestyle. It is a stress reliever and can bring great pleasure to smokers. Furthermore, for smokers, nothing seems more difficult and painful than giving up the habit.
雅思强化写作精讲班第7讲讲义 (2)
雅思强化写作精讲班第7讲讲义复杂句的六种内在关系如何写复杂句（A）IELTS作文复杂句的六种内在关系1cause and effect因果关系标志词1）表示原因的as,since;due to,owing to2）表示结果的hence(因此),thus(因此),therefore(因此)As a consequence,…（作为结果）As a result,…（作为结果）Consequently…（作为结果）3）thereby(以此达到……的目的)1The ecological problems are being aggravated;hence,it is imperative that we take measures to curb the pollution of the environment.2The government should raise the public awareness of environmental preservation,thereby promoting sustainable development and creating a more livable environment.2exemplification举例关系标志词Take…for example.(以……为例)for instance,（比如……）To illustrate,…(例如…..)As an apt illustration,…（作为例证,……）Consider,for example…(以……为例)1The Asian countries are getting westernized at a staggering rate.Take China for example,when youngsters go to the movies,it is common for them to choose Hollywood blockbusters over domestic films.2Animals are humans’companions.To illustrate,dolphins often rescue sailors from sinking ships.3comparison and contrast对比关系标志词while…/whilst…/whereas…By contrast,…1While/Whilst modern man leads a stressful life,our ancestors could often perform their business in a leisurely fashion.2The educational and medical facilities in big cities are mostly very advanced.In contrast,their counterparts in the country tend to be of inferior quality.4Concession让步关系标志词Despite/In spite of/Notwithstanding…(尽管…)Nonetheless/Nevertheless，(尽管如此)Even though…(尽管)=Although1In spite of the disadvantages animal experimentation can bring about, many scientists insist on continuing this practice.2The government plays a crucial role in scientific research;nonetheless, private companies hold certain advantages in conducting scientific research.5Supposition假设论证标志词provided that…（如果）If…1Provided that we can minimize the pain of test animals,animal experimentation should be continued.2If large companies are moved to the countryside,the traffic congestion in cities will be alleviated substantially.6Modification修饰关系标志词that,who,which1In this day and age,we have a proliferation of buildings that look exactly like the buildings our ancestors built.2Today,teenage students are under increasingly severe stress in their studies,which has disturbed and alarmed many adults.。
雅思写作强化加冲刺讲义
高赛雅思写作高分讲义（强化+冲刺）Writing20‟+40‟2种写法：段首顶格,段与段间隔一行(better) / 段首空4个英文字符段与段不空行Task 120分钟内写完分清什么图----找研究对象----2大审题方法Picture常考：A. Line graph / Curve chart 曲线图Bar chart / Column diagram 柱形/条形图Pie chart 饼图B. Flow chart 流程图一般分3段，尽可能用被动语态，不用第一人称A时态：Part 1 Simple Present（现在所见的）Part 2 Simple past （the changes itself in the past）Part 3 Simple present (现在所看到的趋势)Basic Pattern:连接手段必须有“如图所示”；四大要素，首段末句点题Part 1 4 major factors: pictures, objects, time, and dataPart 2 4 changes (textual level) + 6 comparisons (sentence level)Part 3 小结+趋势(上升或下降)4 changes: 升降波平6 comparisons:分比；比率；倍；分（1/3）；数值；排位place, positionBFlow chart: 一般现在时，中间多用被动语态Part 1 2-3 major factors: pictures, objects, given conditions, (materials given)Part 2 Process described: Passive被动（with connectives: step / stage）Part 3 Result indicated两大审题方法：切割分析法就明显的曲线形状进行切割分段（2条线不在一条直线上，2条线不属于同类变化）；迅速标上段号和点号，点>段（如下图，4点3段）1 2 3 4简易图示法如：3块饼图，每块有ABCD4个对象，则分别对这4个对象进行分析，看其各在1-2，2-3图中的变化趋势（上升或下降）Writing 写作模板最好不要全部照搬，有能力自己做点修改，使其个性化很大程度上：to a large extent, in a great/large degree, for the most part很小程度上：to some extent, in some degree, for some part/partly/in partTask 1除流程图外：As can be seen from the picture(table/figure/diagram/ line graph/bar chart/pie chart), it illustrated (shown) explicitly (obviously) X (that X covers the years/months from … to …).According to / In accordance with the figures / data (dada无复数) given in the picture, X significantly (greatly/ dramatically/ noticeably) fell from … to … in 19.. to in 19.., whereas. Also / Moreover / Furthermore from the picture it can be seen that there was a sharp decline / increase from…, while…. Based upon / Relying on the figures / data given in the picture, it started / had its starting point at … in 19.., reached the highest point / peaked at … in 19.. and gave its finishing point / finished at …in 19..; on the contrary, …. In addition to / What is more what has previously been referred to , the remaining / rest of all the figures (the other figures) did not indicate/ display/ show a noticeable increase or decrease; on the other hand/ in contrast,…From not only what was demonstrated in the picture but also what has been mentioned/specified or described earlier in the passage, it can be seen very clearly that there is (seems/appears to be用seem/appear不能用clearly) a tendency which is on the (gradual/ remarkable) increase/ decline (of object)….流程图：As can be seen/ shown from the picture/ flow chart, it illustrates/ shows explicitly/obviously X. There are some conditions/materials given in the picture…. The general process which concerns/ involves several/some cycles will be described/ conveyed as follows.In the first stage,…Next is the second stage in which…After that we have the third stage where…Finally in Stage Four…From not only what was demonstrated/showed in the picture but also what has been mentioned earlier in the passage, it can be seen very clearly that only in this way or by this kind of process can (subject: Oil)… be made or produced.Task 2 40分钟完成高分词汇：AA，AB重现；连字符词语: win-win situation; 名词化短语；一词多义的单词：bridge n. / vt. Brave adj. / vt. 勇敢面对六大结构：后置定语；排比句not only… but also…等；同位语；名词性从句；虚拟语气；否定兼倒装：Only in this way can we…; Not only verb + subjectFirst and Last注意首句和末句；首段和末段；每段的首句和末句五种题型：(1side一分写法，正或反面选其一；2side两分写法，正反面都要写，易拿高分)Do you agree /disagree? What is your opinion? (1/2-side)观点性辩论文To what extent do you agree or disagree? (1/2-side)Discuss both sides… (2-side)现象/说明性论述文Problem-Solution (Why-Because, Causes-Effects) (2-side)General-Particular (2-side)1 辩论文（一分法/二分法）一分法完全赞成/反对Part 1 我同/反间接或直接点题Part 2 同/反1同/反2 理由，举例Part 3 我同/反二分法7-8分1 2 3Part 1 我同/反/中立间接点题Part 2 同同反反反同Part 3 我同/我反/中立我同我反3种写法：势均力敌同=反先扬后抑同>反先抑后扬同<反第一种“同=反”比较难写，不要轻易尝试Part 1 首段末句必须中立点题Part 2 中间部分必须互反：利弊，迟早，新旧，今昔对比互反Part 3 末段首句必须明确表态（赞成/反对）2．论述文Question-Answer PatternPart 1 WhatPart 2 Why1Why2Part 3 How常考话题：新技术，电脑代替传统的工具等；教育；环境资源；家庭；交通；政府资助最新雅思大作文不变应万变语篇通式Mighty Writing[Chinese Version]:[English Version]:Task 2:1 - Side:There, nowadays/ at the present/ currently, exists a heated/ hotly debated discussion on …(Title).Some people maintained the idea that,…Unfortunately, other people hold the opinion that… I back/support/side with/take the side of/ do (dis)agree with the idea that…(直接)/ I share the idea with the former/latter, which is that…(间接).One (dis)advantage which can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is that…In fact…Let us take one example/ for example/instance… Let us have another example…. Let us give/ render/ present/ illustrate/ demonstrate/ show still another example…Explicitly/ clearly/ apparently/ indeed/ undoubtedly….Another negative/positive side which must be considered/ given consideration to is that…As a matter of fact… For example….Take the as another example… Take it as a case in point…It is self-evident that…. One /The first/ The main reason which can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is that… Another/ The second factor which must be given consideration to is that…. Still another/ the third rationale which we must attach importance/attention to is that….2 - Side:At present there is a hot topic which never ever fails to provoke a heated discussion on….Some are firmly in favor of the opinion or notion that…does great harm to …. Yet others/ other people are firmly assured/fully convinced that…Before my opinion is given or presented it would be better for me to discuss/have a detailed discussion on both sides as follows.We should highlight the notion that…since there are several reasons for us to say that. Onereason.... Another reason… (Facts stated/ Example given可以参照前面一分法的模板斜体字部分) From what has been mentioned before/previously/initially, it can be seen explicitly that…Seemingly/ Unfortunately, we should rethink the idea that……… (Facts stated/ Examples given). So it can be seen explicitly or self-evident that…Personally I am strongly in support of the idea or the circumstance that… (Solution: It is about time that…did …. Only in this way can …)Problem – Solution Pattern:首段末段与1/2分法类似，中间两段陈述理由，举例，如：One/ the first/main reason that can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is …. To start/begin with …In addition …Furthermore/What is more….(Let us take one example…Let us have another example…….) It is clear/evident that ….Another/the second reason that must be considered/given consideration to is… In the first place …. In the second place/next place …. Then … Finally… From what has been mentioned previously, we can see very clearly/explicitly that….写作真题实战演练We can get knowledge from news, but some people think we can’t trust the journalist. What‟s your opinion? And what do you think is the important qualities that a journalist should have?The recent figure of crimes committed by the young people is increasing in major cities throughout the world. Discuss what the possible reasons for this problem are and how to solve it.Leisure is a growing industry. Nowadays, more modern technology used in entertainment. This may lead people to less creative. Do you agree or disagree? Nowadays people perform the everyday task such as banking, shopping as well as business transaction, without meeting person face to face. What are the possible social effects upon the individual and society as a whole?It is generally believed that education is of vital important to the development of individuals and the well-being of societies. What should education consist of to fulfill both these functions?The pressure upon the school and university students is increasing and students are pushed to work too hard for their young age. Do you think it is positive or negative for their development?The advantages of the spread of English as a global language will continue tooutweigh its disadvantages. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Some people think that the government should pay for health care and education, but other people think that it is nor government‟s responsibility. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.Many people say that we have developed into a “throw-away” culture, because we are filling up our environment with so many plastic bags and rubbish that we cannot fully dispose of. To what extent do you agree with this opinion and what measures can you recommend reducing this problem?雅思经典写作话题分类A. Classification of Topic Area s—社会是一个更加概括的词，表示的也许是在一个国家的人民及他们相互间的关系。
雅思7分写作讲义
雅思7分写作讲义雅思考试写作金牌教程（6-7.5分）教学方案第一次课一、教学目标：雅思写作概述、基本构成、雅思写作考试与其他考试的类比二、课时陈述：第一次课，2.5小时三、教学重点：议论文体和报告文体的题型四、教学难点：雅思评分标准与其他考试评分标准的异同五、教学亮点：雅思考官阅卷的潜规则六、课堂结构：1、雅思考试介绍2、雅思考试评分标准3、雅思写作话题介绍4、雅思写作题型介绍5、中英两国写作对比 1、雅思考试介绍雅思写作的量分 task1 占三分之一，而task2占三分之二。
Task 1 （以下简称小作文）题型：LINE PIE BAR TABLE DIAGRAM MAP MIXEDTask 2 (以下简称大作文)题型：argumentation report2、雅思考试评分标准孙武子说“知己知彼，百战百胜”.为了更好的对付雅思写作考试，我们起先要了解它的具体评分准则。
Task Response and FulfillmentCoherence and CohesionLexical resourcesGrammatical Range and AccuracyBand 7—good userHas operational command of the language, though with occasional inaccuracies, inappropriacies and misunderstandings in some situations. Generally handles complex language well and understands detailed reasoning.具体要求：Task response: whether all parts of the task are addressed; whether a viewpoint is clearly expressed, developed and supported.Coherence and cohesion: whether the response has a suitable layout and logical ordering of points; correct and appropriate use of connectives. Lexical resources: range and accuracy of vocabulary; the examiner will check the correct forms and the spelling of words used.Grammatical range and accuracy: the range and accuracy of tenses and sentence structures.Task response or fulfillment （完整性）一篇文章必须有一定的架构，议论文通常由“内三合，外三合”所构成。
雅思写作单项提高班精讲班第2讲讲义
雅思写作单项提高班精讲班第2讲讲义题库的分类No specific topic pool. 不断增加的题库对策: 雅思话题不会超出十大类别：文明类TourismEducationGovernmentWomen and FamiliesLanguage and CultureTechnology and the MediaDevelopment and Globalisation野蛮类CrimeAnimalsE nvironmental Problems思考素材的三种方法Unfamiliar topics 素材思考困难对策：熟练掌握思考素材的三种方法a 分类法Some people think old buildings should be destroyed and replaced with modern buildings. To what extent do you agree?Some high-school graduates go to travel or work for a period of time before they go to university. To what extent do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?b 替代法Some people think motorized flight was the greatest invention in the twentieth century. Do you agree or disagree?Some people think stricter punishment for driving offenders is the only effective way to improve safety on the roads. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Some people think animal experimentation should be banned. To what extent do you agree?c 裸奔法TM STREEC $Technology & Efficiency Environment & HealthMind & Soul Employment & CompetitionSociety & Crime Culture & PopulationTime & Space Money & FunRi ghts & Responsibilities名人名言IELTS写作中可以引用的16句名人名言Education1 “A child miseducated is a child lost." - -John F. Kennedy2 "Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire."-- W. B. Yeats3 “Technology is just a tool. In terms of getting the kids working together and motivating them, The teacher is the most important." --- Bill Gates.Technology“ The greatest danger in modern technology is not that machines begin to think like people, but that people will begin to think like machines.”――Albert Einstein5“As we go forward, I hope we're going to continue to use technology to make really big differences in how people live and work." ---Sergey BrinMedia6“He who controls the media, controls the mind. “---Rupert MurdockGovernment7“Millions of individuals making their own decisions in the marketplace will always allocate resources better than any centralized government." – Ronald ReaganTourism8“The world is a book, and those who do not travel, read only a page.”Saint AugustineWomen and Families9“The bond that links your true family is not one of blood, but of respect and joy in each other’s life.”Richard BachLanguage10“To possess a second language is to possess a second soul.” –CharlemagneCulture11“Culture means the widening of the mind and of the spirit.” – Ruth BenedictGlobalization12“Globalization is not something that we can hold off or turn off. It is the economic equivalent of a force of nature—like wind or water.”---Bill ClintonCrime13“He who does not prevent a crime when he can encourages it. “--- Roman philosopher SenecaAnimals14The greatness of a nation and its moral progress can be judged by the way its animals are treated. ----GandhiEnvironment15“Many anthropogenic activities foul the air, contaminate the water and devastate the forests.”--- quoted in Newsweek16“Don’t blow it -- good planets are hard to find.” quoted in Time magazine。
雅思写作高分课件(1)
识别关键词
关注题目中的关键词，这 些词通常会给出写作的重 点和方向。
明确写作任务
根据题目要求，确定写作 任务，如需要提出观点、 分析问题、举例论证等。
拓展思路与素材收集
头脑风暴
围绕题目主题，进行头脑 风暴，尽可能多地列出与 主题相关的想法和观点。
素材收集
从平时积累的知识、经验 、阅读材料等方面，收集 与主题相关的素材，包括 事实、数据、案例等。
多变句式和语法结构
运用复杂句式
01
适当使用复合句、并列句、倒装句等复杂句式，使文章句式富
于变化，增强表达的层次感和逻辑性。
掌握多种语法结构
02
熟悉并掌握多种语法结构，如定语从句、状语从句、非谓语动
词等，提升表达的准确性和多样性。
避免单调的句式
03
避免大量使用简单句和相同的句式结构，通过句式的变换和组
分类整理
将收集到的素材进行分类 整理，以便在写作时能够 快速找到所需内容。
确定主题和立场
确定主题
构建论点
根据题目要求和头脑风暴的结果，确 定一个明确、具体、有深度的主题。
根据立场，构建清晰、有逻辑的论点 ，为后续的论证和阐述打下基础。
明确立场
针对主题，明确自己的观点和立场， 确保在写作过程中始终保持一致。
转折句
在需要的地方加入转折，使文章更具层次感和逻 辑性。
结尾部分总结陈词
重申立场
再次强调自己的观点或立场，加深读者印象。
总结全文
简要概括全文内容，帮助读者回顾文章脉络。
提出建议或展望
针对话题提出具体建议或展望未来发展，提升文章深度。
04 语言表达与句式运用
CHAPTER
丰富词汇和短语积累
雅思写作7.0课程讲义.汇编
2010年冲刺班雅思A类写作讲义主讲：刘巍巍第一讲雅思高分写作思路总览雅思写作高分：7分或7分以上第一节的内容：1．雅思写作的整体介绍2．高分写作的要求3．解决问题的方案4．课程的总览一．雅思写作的整体介绍General Introduction听力、阅读考试之后60分钟Task 1 and Task 2A类和G类的区别：task 2 议论文task 1 A：图表作文G：书信评分：以Task 2 为主二：高分写作的要求评分标准：Vocabulary and Sentence Structure(词汇与句子结构)Arguments, Ideas and Evidence(论证，论点和论据)Communicative Quality(交流质量)Vocabulary and Sentence Structure(词汇与句子结构)1.避免使用过于低级的单词The problem becomes worse by the poor effects we made.The problem was compounded due to the ineffective measures we had taken.They claim that sports lead to competition rather than cooperation is only an incorrect argument. The claim that sports lead to competition rather than cooperation is only a lame argument. People face violence and crimes on TV and films every day.People are bombarded by violence and crimes on TV and films every day.The kind of growth may lead to very bad results.The kind of growth may lead to dire consequences.consequence:far-reaching（深远的）, profound（深刻的）, adverse（不利的）, catastrophic（灾难的）, damaging（破的）, severe（严重的）,2.避免过分重复同一样的单词Mothers enjoy the same right for career advancement as fathers do.Mothers are just as entitled to career advancement as fathers.Mothers are empowered to career advancement as fathers.3.尽可能展示多变的句型定语从句：China is the largest developing country and is enjoying rapid economic growth. As a result, in the streets of major cities in China, there are thousands of vehicles of all kinds.As the largest developing country, China is enjoying rapid economic growth, the evidence of which can be seen in all major cities whose streets are teeming with thousands of vehicles of all kinds.倒装句：Young people are so impulsive and easily influenced that they are constantly tricked by advertisement in all forms of media.Impulsive and easily influenced as young people are, they are constantly tricked by advertisement in all forms of media.伴随状语：It is common now for kids to spend six and a half days in school each week because they have to sit through one extra class after another.It is common for kids to spend six and a half days in school each week, sitting through one extra class after another.设问句：Even if machine translation were able to eradicate all the language barriers between peoples, learning foreign languages still make sense.Even if machine translation were able to eradicate all the language barriers between people, would there be no point in learning foreign languages? By no means.Arguments, Ideas and Evidence(论证，论点和论据)Some people think that in order to improve the quality of education, high school students should be encouraged to evaluate and criticize their teachers, but other people maintain that such evaluation and criticism may cause loss of respect for teachers and discipline. What do you think?有人认为，为了提高教育质量，我们应该鼓励高中生对自己的老师进行评估；别的人却认为这种评估是不尊重教师、违反学校纪律的行为。
【讲义】刘洪波写作班学员讲义
雅思写作真经总纲刘洪波版权所有 内部资料该讲义为刘洪波老师雅思写作班专属讲义，配合公开出版物《最简化雅思写作》使用。
包含：学以致用雅思写作考试为什么设计成两个部分？学会了雅思写作除了拿个高分还能帮你做什么？评分标准全球雅思考官是怎样给你评分的？哪些重点是不同分数段的标志特征？中西合璧什么是好作文？字数多，词汇大，语法复杂，还是条理清楚？循序渐进写作能力提升的正确途径。
是不是一上来就学习官方满分范文？读写互通学习范文的正确方法，是不是要读，要背很多范文？自成风格什么是模板？要不要学习模板？如何形成自己的写作风格？正确审题，不再跑偏，高分从这里开始5分钟认真审题，构思，写提纲。
高手审题4大技能12-12-08More men and women decide to have children later in life. Why is it happening? What influences does it have on society and family life?原因1.现代人均寿命增长，生育期相应延后；2.社会竞争压力大，选择事业收入稳定后生孩子。
影响1.父母与孩子的年龄差会变大，交流中代沟会明显；2.会出现劳动力缺口，老龄化社会。
In order to learn a language well, we should learn about the country as well as the cultures and lifestyles of the people who speak it. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Some industrialised countries have serious environmental problems. The damage to the environment is an inevitable result when a country tends to improve the standard of living. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Some people said the government should not spend money on building theaters and sports stadiums. Instead, it should spend more money on medical care and education. Do you agree or disagree?In the last century when a human astronaut first arrived on the Moon he said “it is a big step for m ankind” but some people think it makes little difference to our daily life. To what extent to you agree or disagree?II.十五句语法句型对应推荐读写互通，剑桥经典句型语法集锦剑81.1 The revolutionary aspect of this new timekeeper was neither the descending weight that provided its motive force nor the gear wheels (which had been around for at least 1,300 years) that transferred the power; it was the part called the escapement.1.3 Some researchers say the results constitute compelling evidence that telepathy is genuine. Other parapsychologists believe that the field is on the brink of collapse, having tried to produce definitive scientific proof and failed. Sceptics and advocates alike do concur on one issue, however, that the most impressive evidence so far has come from the so-called ‘ganzfeld’ experiments, a German term that means ‘whole field’.2.2 The Little Ice Age was far from a deep freeze, however; rather an irregular seesaw of rapid climatic shifts, few lasting more than a quarter-century, driven by complex and still little understood interactions between the atmosphere and the ocean.2.3 While it is true that the olfactory powers of humans are nothing like as fine as those possessed by certain animals, they are still remarkably acute.3.3 It follows from the above that sparing use of energy reserves should tend to extend life.3.1 Discussion now centres on whether the route through the maze is communicated as a'left-right' sequence of turns or as a 'compass bearing and distance' message.3.3 Forests are one of the main elements of our natural heritage. The decline of Europe's forests over the last decade and a half has led to an increasing awareness and understanding of the serious imbalances which threaten them.4.2 The MSC has established a set of criteria by which commercial fisheries can be judged.4.3 It was found that children from the noisy schools had higher blood pressure and were more easily distracted than those who attended the quiet schools. Moreover, there was no evidence of adaptability to the noise. In fact, the longer the children had attended the noisy schools, the more distractible they became.剑61.2 Theoretically, in the world of trade, shipping costs do not matter. Goods, once they have been made, are assumed to move instantly and at no cost from place to place. The real world, however, is full of frictions.1.3 Some scientists doubt the value of traditional knowledge because the occupation of the Arctic doesn't go back far enough. Others, however, point out that the first weather stations in the far north date back just 50 years.2.1 It is common for supporters of road networks to reject the models of cities with good public transport by arguing that such systems would not work in their particular city.2.3 Perhaps the most fundamental step in developing a sense of number is not the ability to count, but rather to see that a number is really an abstract idea instead of a simple attachment to a group of particular objects.3.1 But it is worth trying, for to understand the initial shock of those images is to understand the extraordinary power and magic of cinema, the unique, hypnotic quality3.3 The monkey projects demonstrate that, compared with control animals that eat normally, caloric-restricted monkeys have lower body temperatures and levels of the pancreatic hormone insulin, and they retain more youthful levels of certain hormones that tend to fall with age.4.3 The more effort put in and the wider the whole school involvement, the more substantial the results are likely to be.剑51.3 （媒体负面）People are clearly more curious about bad news than good. Newspapers and broadcasters are there to provide what the public wants. That, however, can lead to significant distortions of perception.2.1 The impetus behind the development of these early plastics was generated by a number of factors - immense technological progress in the domain of chemistry, coupled with wider cultural changes, and the pragmatic need to find acceptable substitutes for dwindling supplies of 'luxury' materials such as tortoiseshell and ivory.2.3 There were several reasons why original science continued to be written in Latin. The first wassimply a matter of audience.A third reason why the writing of original science in English was delayed may have been to do with the linguistic inadequacy of English in the early modern period.3.2 According to Siegel, international environmental organisations are beginning to pay closer attention to the region, partly because of the problems of erosion and pollution of the Nile delta, but principally because they fear the impact this situation could have on the whole Mediterranean coastal ecosystem. But there are no easy solutions.4.1 （开发旅游业）The market for tourism in remote areas is booming as never before. Countries all across the world are actively promoting their 'wilderness' regions - such as mountains, Arctic lands, deserts, small islands and wetlands — to high-spending tourists.剑42.1 （语言习得）What makes a language endangered is not just the number of speakers, but how old they are.Language is also intimately bound up with culture, so it may be difficult to preserve one without the other.2.2 Part of the incentive was financial, Dr Laver said. The bottom line is that most general practitioners are business people. If they see potential clientele going elsewhere, they might want to be able to offer a similar service.'3.1 Many children may choose entrepreneurship because it allows them a degree of independence, is less exploitative than many forms of paid-employment, and is flexible enough to allow them to participate in other activities such as education and domestic task.4.1 No one theory can explain improvements in performance, but the most important factor has been genetics.Identifying genetically talented individuals is only the first step.4.3 The problem of how health-care resources should be allocated or apportioned, so that they are distributed in both the most just and most efficient way, is not a new one.写作提纲中立观点，两者皆可，个人选择。
新航道雅思65高分班写作课件2
新航道雅思65高分班写作课件2一、教学内容本节课的教学内容来自于新航道雅思65高分班写作教材，主要涉及第三章第二节“论点论据的展开与论证”。
具体内容包括：如何提出有说服力的论点，如何寻找支持论点的论据，以及如何有效地展开和论证论点。
二、教学目标1. 学生能够清晰地提出有说服力的论点。
2. 学生能够找到支持论点的相关论据。
3. 学生能够熟练地运用不同的论证方法展开和论证论点。
三、教学难点与重点重点：如何提出有说服力的论点，如何寻找支持论点的论据，如何有效地展开和论证论点。
难点：如何运用不同的论证方法展开和论证论点。
四、教具与学具准备教具：多媒体课件、黑板、粉笔。
学具：教材、笔记本、文具。
五、教学过程1. 实践情景引入：通过一个有趣的辩论赛视频，引发学生对论点、论据和论证的思考。
2. 知识讲解：讲解如何提出有说服力的论点，如何寻找支持论点的论据，以及如何有效地展开和论证论点。
3. 例题讲解：分析一道雅思写作真题，引导学生如何运用所学知识进行论点的提出、论据的寻找和论证的展开。
4. 随堂练习：让学生分组讨论，每组选取一个话题，尝试提出有说服力的论点，并寻找支持论点的论据，进行论证的展开。
6. 板书设计：板书主要内容包括：论点的提出、论据的寻找、论证的展开。
7. 作业设计题目1：请选取一个你熟悉的话题，提出三个有说服力的论点，并寻找支持这些论点的论据，进行论证的展开。
答案（示例）：话题：是否应该取消中小学的英语考试？论点1：取消英语考试可以减轻学生的学习负担。
论据1：英语考试让学生需要花费大量的时间和精力进行准备。
论证：取消英语考试可以让学生有更多的时间和精力投入到其他学科的学习中，提高整体的学习效果。
论点：手机对我们的生活没有任何好处，我们应该完全禁止使用手机。
答案（示例）：该论点存在逻辑漏洞。
虽然手机的过度使用可能会带来一些负面影响，但完全禁止使用手机并不是一个合理的解决方案。
正确的做法应该是合理使用手机，并教育人们如何避免手机带来的负面影响。
雅思写作大作文专用讲义
第一讲雅思写作考试对中国考生的四个难点(Chapter 1: The Four Hurdles in IELTS Writing Test)难点一: Academic Writing 学术类写作问题的特殊要求(改错练习) 1. Since private companies don't care much about the public interests, so the government has a significant role to play in scientific research. (不能缩写)2. Why these travellers damage the environment should be analyzed. (英式美式拼法不能混用)3. We must do our best(utmost) to protect (preserve) animals. (词汇用法太嫩)4. It is clear (manifest) that pornographic shows do harm to (undermine, endanger, jeopardy) the lives of lots of youngster (adolescent).词汇,专有特定的修饰5. Nowadays (In present-day society), human beings face big challenges in many areas.6. In these day and age, many companies have replaced telephone with internet.7. We are confronted with many environmental problems. They are becoming more and more serious. (句式,语法)8. The traffic problem is becoming worse. We must work together to solve it.(句子结构)9. So individuals, communities and the government all must work hard tofight crime! (不应该带感情色彩)10. We must be friendly to other because the Bible said, "Treat your neighbors as you would like to be treated." (文化背景,圣经不可用)难点二: No specific topic pool. 题库大,没有公开,而且题目变化多.对策:掌握思考素材的四种方法对策: 雅思写作"语法的七宗罪"改错练习1. Employee can benefit more from telecommuting than employee. (n.可数不可数)2.1 Work at home using modern technology can greatly enhance our efficiency. (v.原型不可做主语)2.2 Children who are raise in impoverished families can generally deal with problems more effectively in their adult years. (被动语态)Poor children can face problems when they grow up.2.3 The problems that are created by environmental contamination is very hard to resolve. (主谓一致)2.4 In present-day society, cultures were becoming very similar. (时态)3. Intelligent students should not be treated different by their teachers. 副词4.1 Countries should pay attention on the disadvantages globalization may create. 介词4.2 The Internet has instead of teachers in many classrooms.5. Some parents do not obey traffic rules himself.6. These old buildings should be destroyed, new buildings must be constructed. 逗号7. These are a great many children think the main purpose of education should be to afford them pleasure and enjoyment.补充材料IELTS 作文复杂句的七种内部关系(Seven possible relationships Underlying a complex sentence)Cause and effect因果关系标志词1)表示原因的because, as, since, due to, owing to (画横线的连接词请重点掌握)2)表示结果的hence(因此),thus(因此),therefore(因此),As a consequence,…(作为结果)Accordingly…(相应的),As a result…(作为结果)Consequently…(作为结果) so…that…(如此…以致…)E.g. The ecological problems are being aggravated. Hence, it is imperative that we take measures to curb the pollution of the environment. 生态系统正在急剧的恶化,因此,我们必须采取严厉的措施遏制对环境的污染.Exemplification 举例关系标志词…is a case in point.(某人或某事是一个恰当的例子.)Take…for example.(以…为例) for instance. (比如…) To Illustrate…(例如…) As an illustration…(作为例证…)e.g. The Asian countries are getting westernized at a staggering rate. TakeChina for example, when youngsters go to the movies, it is standard practice for them to choose Hollywood blockbuster over domestic films. 亚洲国家正以一种惊人的速度变得西方化,以中国为例,当年轻人去电影院的时候,通常都会选择好莱坞大片而不是中国电影. Comparison and contrast 对比关系标志词While …,whereas…,whilst…,in contraste.g. Whereas/ while modern man is so rushed and so stressed, our ancestors could oftenperform their business in a relaxed manner.(对比)现代人的生活是如此的奔忙与紧X,而我们的祖先却可以不慌不忙的从事他们的事务.e.g. The educational and medical facilities in big cities are mostly very advanced. In contrast, their counterparts in the country tend to be of inferior quality.Concession 让步关系标志词Despite /in spite of …(后面只能跟名词名词词组或者动名词)(尽管有…),albeit…(尽管,后面只能跟形容词或者介词短语), 形容词+as it may be…(尽管,前面只能加形容词),Nonetheless/Nevertheless,(尽管如此)e.g. 1 Tough as it may be to get accustomed to a new culture, it will prove very rewarding.尽管适应新的文化可能很难,但这会被证明是很值得的.2 Rote Learning is at times necessary, albeit monotonous.死记硬背有时候是必要的,尽管很枯燥和机械.3The government plays a crucial role in scientific research, Nonetheless, private companies hold certain advantages in conducting scientific research.Definition 下定义关系标志词A is best characterized by…( A 最明显的特征是…),A constitutes…(A 构成…) A means…, A consists of …(A 由…组成).e.g. A fine journalist is best characterized by discipline, determination and keen observations.一个好的记者最重要的特点是自律,毅力和敏锐的观察.Animal experimentation, in some cases, constitutes callous abuse of test animals.Supposition假设论证, 标志词provided that…(如果) given the choice…(如果可以选择的话…)only if…(只有…)as long as…(只要) if…, suppose that…e.g. Provided that we can minimize the pain of test animals, animal experimentation should be continued.e.g. Given the choice, many people would live in big cities rather than the countryside.Modification 修饰关系标志词that, which, whoIn this day age, we have a proliferation of buildings that look exactly likethe buildings our ancestors built.Today, teenage students are under increasingly severe stress in their studies, which has disturbed and alarmed many adults.补充资料IELTS 写作考试的常用模板和句型进步类1) In contemporary society, the human race is advancing at an unprecedented rate in a multitude of arenas.=in many fields. 在当今社会,人类正以前所未有的速度在很多领域向前发展.2) Today we have embarked upon the …era. 今天,我们已经进入了…的时代.We have embarked on the information era. –he has embarked on the road of committing crimes.3) Since the advent/arrival of the…era… 随着…时代的到来…例句:Since the advent of the information era, our efficiency at work has been greatly enhanced.随着信息时代的到来,我们的工作效率得到了很大的提高.例句 2 With the advent of the information era, school education has undergone profound changes at an accelerated rate.倒退类4) But A is accompanied by B 但是伴随着…(某种好现象)的到来,某种坏现象也出现了.例句:But the proliferation of English is accompanied by the extinction of many lesser-known languages.但是随着英语的广泛传播的是大量小语种的消亡.5) Accompanying all the advantages brought about by the profound social changes have come some sufferings; and …is very prominent among them. 随着深刻的社会变革带来的种种好处,出现了很多问题,…是其中很显著的一个.Please analyze causes of traffic congestion, and give some solutions. Accompanying all the conveniences brought about by violent social changes have come some negative effects, and traffic congestion is the most pressing one / the most serious one.6) With the incidence(发生率) of …hovering at high levels, many have become disturbed and alarmed. …的发生率居高不下,这引起了很多人的困扰和警觉.Traffic offenses have become a problem confronting modern people, please give some suggestions of how to deal with it effectively.With the incidence of traffic accidents hovering at high level, many people, especially sociologist and anthropologist, have shown great concern.7) In this day a nd age, it is standard practice for … to do something. 今天,某些人做某事是很普遍的.例句:In this day and age, it is standard practice for parents to rush around all day busying themselves with their work. Many of them cannot spare some time to take care of their children,which has led to some serious social consequences. This essay will make some analysis concerning this phenomenon.8) Such a grave situation merits our careful attention.这样一个严重的情况值得我们关注.Juvenile delinquency is an issue/topic worth our concern / discussion / analysis.Efforts will be made to analyze this topic in this essay.9) The issue of … has been thrown into sharp focus. …引起了人们的强烈关注.例句:Soaring car ownership has thrown the issue of car accidents into public attention / widespread concern.10) Howev er, there is no consensus on …yet. 或者people hold divergent /contrasting/conflicting view on… 或者people are divided over… 不同的人关于某个问题持不同的看法.例句:People hold contrasting views on animal experiments.人们对动物试验持不同的看法.Some people hold that the experimentation on animals is justified. However, others believe that this practice is a reflection of cruelty. From my perspective, it is advantageous to some degree whilst its drawbacks can never be overlooked. / As for some experiments, animals are irreplaceable subjects but I think we should be kind as possible as we can when carrying out these experiments. /I think this practice is to some extent cruel and unjust to animals but at least in the near future we cannotget rid of it completely.11) Something has been growing at an alarming/ staggering rate. 某事物正在以令人震惊的速度增长.例句:With the car ownership soaring in China, traffic accidents have been growing at an alarming/staggering rate. Accompanied by the dramatic development of society, women crimes have been growing at an alarming rate. Such a grave situation has aroused widespread concern, especially sociologist and educationists. In essay attempts will be made to explore the causes of this issue and provide some feasible solutions.12) Whether…has triggered /aroused heated debate / discussion.是否应该…引起了激烈的辩论Whether… is an issue open to debate 或者Whether…is a controversial issue. 例句:Whether student should appraise their teachers' performance is an issue open to debate.是否学生应该评价老师的教学是一个没有定论的问题.13) Some (people) assert/ argue/hold/maintain/claim/assume that… 有一些人认为…例句:Some people assert that relocating large companies to the countryside is the best way to resolve the traffic and housing problems in cities. 一些人认为把大公司搬到乡村是解决城市交通和住房的最好方法.14) …is largely fuelled by...某现象主要是被…所推动.例句:The proliferation of plastic bag is largely fuelled by the pursuit for lowercosts.IELTS 议论文主体段写作加分37句型前进类1 profit fromPeople throughout the world can profit from the advancement in motorized flight.Flight to transport fruits to places where there is no such fruits or not in season.Mobile phones can bring about some drawbacks such diseases. Whether we should avoid using mobile phones.People throughout the world / in every corner of the world can profit from the advancement of information technology. Nowadays we can keep in touch with each other and communicate with our friends or clients quickly by means of mobiles phones. However, some research reveals that mobile phone may cause some medical complaints and thus it is suggested that we should cease using them. In my viewpoint, the advantages of mobile phones outweigh the disadvantages.2 A is an integral /indispensable part of BAdvertising has become an indispensable part of our lives and it has been exerting profound influence on the way we live, work, play and learn.3,S omething plays a pivotal /key role in …It is universally acknowledged that education plays a pivotal role in individual success.4, Enable /allow somebody to do somethingCultural assimilation enables newly-arrived immigrants to get ahead in the new societysuccessfully.5get accustomed to do something/adjust to /adapt toNew immigrants must get accustomed to the local culture to succeed.6Someone can have access to something 或者can access something 或者can utilize somethingIn this day and age, many individuals can have access to the Internet via /by means of computer or mobile phone.倒退类1…is attended by /…is accompanied byThe staggering advancement of technology is attended by severe pollution of the ecosystem.2The more…the more…The more vehicles on the road, the more traffic congestions to occur.3A can be attributed to B 或者B stems from AThe proliferation of traffic accidents can be in large measure attributed to the traffic law not being stringent enough.4be afflicted with/be plagued withIn present-day society, a host of countries are afflicted with chronic poverty.5deprive someone of somethingModern cities deprive city-dweller of fresh air and the comfortable pace of life.6something prompt/impe ls somebody to do…Peer pressure often impels youngster to spend excessively on fancy clothes and accessories.7A has rendered B + adj./noun 形容词或名词We must ensure that technological innovations will not render us slaves to high technology. 其中We must ensure that..意思是我们必须确保…我们必须确保科技创新不会让我们变成高科技的奴隶.The fast-paced way of life has rendered many people alienated from one another.With the acceleration of living tempo, modern people are confronted with many physical and psychological problems. Among them, stress is the most prominent one. This has brought about numerous negative social consequences and aroused widespread concern especially among psychiatrists and sociologist. This essay focuses on exploring the causes and providing some ways to relieve stress.快节奏的生活让很多人彼此疏远.8A recent study conducted by the organization / association / institution /union / scientist reveal that…如果是教育问题用UNESCO如果是犯罪问题可以用the Ministry of Justice 交通问题可以用the Ministry of Transportation 建筑问题可以用the Ministry of Construction 环境问题可以HSUS and GreenpeaceA recent study conducted by HSUS and Greenpeace suggested that there were over one million mammals in lab cages today.9 be addicted to /preoccupied with somethingIn present-day society, many individuals are addicted to /preoccupied with various forms of gambling.10 something is the chief culprit in 或者something is the root cause of …The population explosion is the chief culprit in water scarcity.11be confronted with somethingIn contemporary society, we are confronted with a large number of violent and pornographic TV shows.12 present/pose a threat to…In contemporary society, the proliferation of non-biodegradable rubbish poses a grave threat to humanity.13 be awash with/be inundated with somethingThe media are be awash with/be inundated with detailed crime coverage.14 if…something will ensueIf parents neglect their offspring, lack of discipline and respect will ensue. 15With the incidence of … hovering at high levels, many have become disturbed and alarmed.With the incidence of driving offenses hovering at high levels, many have become disturbed and alarmed.16something is unwarranted /unjustifiableExperimenting upon lab animals without trying to alleviate their pain is unwarranted/unjustifiable.中间类1…on the grounds that…Some others oppose to animal experimentation on the grounds that it is inhumane.2 exert beneficial/ baneful/ profound influence on somethingIn this day and age, globalization is exerting profound impact on the way we work, live,play and learn.3 A prevail over / outweigh/ outbalance BThe advantages of imposing stiffer punishment on driving offender prevail over the disadvantages.4 A bring about/ generate/ breed/ engender/ spawn /induce B. Technological innovations have brought about profound changes to the political, economical and cultural arenas.5 A is a key determinant of BIn an individual's career, tenacity is a key determinant of success.6 It is manifest that …或者It is universally acknowledge that…It is manifest that globalization can also engender a host of banes to the lives of people in the third-world countries.解决类1 give priority to somethingThe government should give priority to the optimization of its financial resources.2 dedicated A to BThe government should dedicate more money to the alleviation of chronic poverty.3 be likely to fall prey to / be vulnerable toWithout proper parental guidance, children are very vulnerable to the violent or pornographic content on TV shows.4 something should be condemned rather than condoned(押尾韵) Indiscriminate copying of traditional architectural style today should be condemned ratherthan condoned.5 it is imperative/ crucial/ key/ essential that… 或者something is of paramount/ overriding importance.To the newly-arrived immigrants, it is imperative that they adapt to the local culture immediately.6 abide by/ comply withIt is essential that government pass more stringent laws to compel drivers to abide by/ comply with the law.7 something requires/ necessit ates /call for…The grave ecological problem requires/ necessitates/ call for joint effort of all the nations on the globe.8 distinguish between A and BMany youngsters lack the capacity to distinguish between right and wrong.9 must ensure thatParents must ensure that they dedicate enough time and energy to their offspring.结尾段常用模板1) based on the above discussion, I am convinced that…(用于一边倒文章的结尾段)基于以上的讨论,我确信…2) In the final analysis, I concede that… However, ….On balance…(用于折衷式文章结尾段) 作为最后总结,我承认…但是…综合起来看… 3) The upside of something, outweighs its downside 或者the strengths of something,prevail over its weaknesses或者the pros of something outbalance its cons.某事利大于弊(如果弊大于利把顺序颠倒一下就可以了)IELTS 作文常用同义词人类the human race, humanity, man, humankind, Homo sapiens在当代in contemporary society, in present-day society, in this day and age解决(及物动词)tackle, address, resolve, combat破坏(及物动词)undermine, jeopardize, devastate(最后一个与其最强)影响(名词)impact, repercussions, ramifications, implications危险(名词)perils, hazards, dangers明显的(形容词)manifest, apparent, evident, obvious从事(及物动词)carry out, conduct, perform, go about积极的,好的beneficial, advantageous消极的,坏的baneful, detrimental好处-坏处benefits, blessings, boons—banes, pros—cons, advantages—disadvantages, merit—demerit无处不在的prevalent, pervasive大量的a host of, a multitude of, a vast number of (后面跟可数名词复数) a great deal of, a vast amount of(后面跟不可数名词单数)增进enhance代替improve 贫穷的impoverished代替poor保护preserve代替protect 富裕的affluent/wealthy代替rich污染contamination代替pollution 需要(及物动词)require, necessitate, call for第二讲十大全真版本X文,词汇与模板Education 类Some peoplethink students should be allowed to evaluate their teachers' job performance. Others believe that will lead to loss of respect and discipline. Discuss and give your own opinion.开头段(不少于4句)In this day and age, it is standard practice for business executive to fill out performance-evaluation forms to give their assessment of their subordinates' work. But when it comes to the evaluation of school teachers' job performance by their students, people hold divergent views. Some argue that students should be allowed to do so. Others contend that disrespect and indiscipline will ensue if students evaluate their teachers work. Personally, I believe both these two views have some merit.主体段1(不少于5句)Granted, there could be some possible drawbacks to students evaluating their teachers' work. First, if not well-managed, evaluation by the students may be completely worthless or even misleading. It is manifest that not all students would give their evaluation responsibly and some students may make mean comments. Secondly, some students criticize their teacher not because their teachers have a slack attitude about their job. Rather they do so because they dislike or even despise schooling.主体段2(不少于7句)However, encouraging students to evaluate their teacher can bring about more boons. In the first place, it is an effective means of motivating theteachers to improve their lectures.Teachers have to keep adjusting their teaching to measure up to the expectations of the student. In the second place, regular input affords the teacher objective and balanced ideas about their own performance. Without such feedback, it is hard for the teacher to have accurate assessment of their own teaching. In the third place, a measure of students' autonomy can make the student better prepared for their adult life. The student becomes better at decision-making and critical thinking.结尾段(不少于3句)In the final analysis, I concede that enabling the student to evaluate their teachers' performance might have some potential drawback. However, by averaging out student's appraisal and encourage them to evaluate responsibly can eliminate the downside of this practice. On balance, I am convinced that allowing students to evaluate their teachers is in the best interests of students, teachers, school administrators, and the society as a whole.教育类8分X文Children who grow up in families without large amounts of money are better prepared to deal with problems in their adult life than children who are brought up by wealthy parents. Do you agree or disagree题目点评:这道题目是IELTS writing task2当中比较少见的"看着容易写好太难"的题目(很多IELTS作文题目看起来很难,写好却不一定特别难).首先要注意到区别"families without large amounts of money" 和"poor families" 这两个概念的差异,前者不仅仅指"low-income families" 还包括"middle-income families", 所以题目的意思和一些同学概括的"穷人的孩子早当家不同";另外一个误区在于因为这道题目和中国的文化比较贴近,很多同学会举过多的简单生活事例但是忽略了推理,论证缺乏深度.从论点上看,考虑到多数考生更熟悉中国的国情,肯定是totally agree 更好写,布什的内阁里面现在也有拉洋板儿出生的(不过美国的富豪的孩子当中牛人还是出了不少,四十三位总统里面也有大量的富家子弟,从整体上看西方有钱的家长更舍得让自己的孩子经历风雨).既然观点写一边倒,那么结果当然就是五段式――开头段转述题目+主旨句,主体段1讲一般家庭的孩子比富家孩子有更强的心理承受能力,主体段2讲一般家庭的孩子有更强的独立性,主体段3讲普通家庭的家长对小孩的要求往往更严格,几位段总结上三层意思.Thesis statement 和topic sentences (X文里用横线标明) 关键词:income gaps 指收入差距income inequality 指收入不均intergenerational 两代人之间的turn the table 是个idiom, 有点像中文说的"打翻身仗" offspring 孩子counterpart 相对应的人(或事务) meritocratic society 说白了就是"凭本事吃饭的社会"self-restraint 自制能力infancy 婴儿期frugality 勤俭financial strains 说白了就是缺钱,名词well-off/affluent (adj)/ well-to-do/ well heeled/ wealthy 自己管理自己,名词initiative 主动性well-acquainted 对某事很熟悉,mitigate缓解,要说解决问题,雅思里面词汇也特多tackle/ address/ solve resolve grapple with /combat 再加题目里面的deal with,大家挑着用啦It is widely accepted that we have been living in a "the rich get richer whereas the poor get poorer" age in terms of income gaps within a generation. However, to this day, there has been no consensus yet over the extent to which income inequality is intergenerational. Some contend that the offspring of low-income and middle-income parents can largely grow up manifest better problem-solving abilities during adulthood than their high-income family counterparts thereby turning the table socially and financially. Personally, I believe this is generally the case in any meritocratic society. (Thesis statement) First and foremost, children raised in household not in possession of a good fortune are conditioned early on in their lives to exercise self-control and self-restraint. These individuals learn from their infancy onward that not everything they crave will become theirs instantaneously. Every so often their wishes go beyond their parents' means and they have to come to terms with the resulting sense of frustration or rejection. Throughout the childhood and early adulthood years they are tempered by the repeated experiences of parents' denial of their requests and frugality is inculcated into their minds as a virtue. Consequently these children, for the most part, are apt to interpret scrimping and saving, emotional uneasiness, not infrequent financialstrains and menial first jobs as an integral part of life rather than a devastating ordeal. Hence they end up being better able to manage stress in their adult years and less likely to panic or get daunted when problems occur.11Further, children brought up by parents of low or middle economic status often grow up to be physically, mentally and professionally more independent than children brought up by affluent parents. It goes without saying that children whose parents are not particularly well-off are more likely than children of affluent households to know how to get the most out of a modest allowance, if they ever get such a thing at all. To the former group of children most desirable things in life have to be "earned"—that is, more often than not they must put forth great effort before their desire is fulfilled. On the other hand, busy, low or medium salaried parents translate into more autonomy and initiative on the children's part. This originally disadvantaged group becomes spontaneous and handy through crafting toy on their own, resourceful by cooking their own meals, tactful with coaxing their parents into buying them gifts, intelligent thanks to the absence of private tutors, savvy in doing summer jobs, and above all, unrelenting in pursuing their dreams. Lastly, non-wealthy parents typically have higher and more definite aspiration for their children than well-to-do parents. Well-acquainted with all thedisadvantages a meager or fair-to-middling bank account generates, many non-wealthy parents pin their hopes on their children to get their families upwardly mobile. These adults mostly have high behavioral, educational and (subsequently) occupational expectations for their children. As a result, they cannot afford to be permissive parents. Spoiling their offspring rotten is the last thing they care to do and they are always ready to discipline their children when they misbehave. They keep tabs on their children's grades at school and do not spare the rod when their offspring do not measure up academically. The odds of children raised in such rigorous environments having good problem-solving skills are apparently better than children raised otherwise. To conclude, the chief determinant of individuals' problem-solving skills is not the amount of money their parents can amass when they are little. Rather, hands-on experience in comprehending, analyzing, resolving, mitigating or circumventing problems is more essential to the cultivation of problem-solving abilities. Hence, I am convinced that families without great wealth are more advantageous to the development of individual capacity to tackle problems.Education 类词汇Education:1) 培养(某种素质)cultivate/ foster/ nurture(vts)促进学生身心发展promote the student's physical, mental (或者用intellectual) andemotional development 心理健康psychological soundness/ well-being/ welfare(nouns) 学习能力(先天就有的)aptitude/ talent 学习能力(后天学习到的)ability/ skill 学生接受的学校教育(名词)schooling(noun) 儿童接受的家庭教育(名词)upbringing(noun) 给学生以动力give the students motivation to do something 或者motivate (vt) the student to do something 青少年adolescents/ youngsters/ youths2) 传授知识impart(vt)/inculcate(vt) knowledge 灌输高尚的道德观念instill(vt) high moral values (注以values 复数比试价值观) 给学生以灵感stimulate the students; thought 或者give the students inspiration 家长教育子女的方式(名词)parenting/ upbringing 教学法teaching methodology/ pedagogical methodology 适应(动词)adapt to do something/adjust oneself to do something/ become accustomed to do something 适应能力adaptability 学生对老师所教授的知识的掌握students' grasp/ command(nouns) of what has been taught 就业技能employable/ marketable skill 3) 限制创造力的发展extinguish(vt)/ stifle(vt)/ constrain(vt) creativity(noun) 打击学生的积极性dampen/sap(vts) the students' enthusiasm 或者frustrate the students 产生不不要的压力beget/ create undue pressure 塑造某人的性格mould(BrE,vt) one's character 责任感a sense of obligation 学生不应该只是被动的接收简单知识的容器student should not be treated as passive receptacles of predigested ideas. 死记硬背learn thing by rote.4) 记忆方程式,公式,定理,定律memorize equations, formulas,theorems and laws(nouns) 应用apply (vt) 盲从follow something blindly/ indiscriminately(adv) 用填鸭式教学教育学生force-feed(vt) the students 为了记忆而记忆memorize for memorization' s own sake 5) 把学生分开教育(比如根据智力或者课堂上的表现) segregate(vt) students 来自于其他同学的压力peer pressure 逆境adverse circumstances /adversity 团队精神team spirit(noun) 独立思考: think independently(adv) 6) 在理解的基础上学习learn things through understanding 鼓励学生用辨证的眼光看问题encourage students to think critically(adv) 学生的反馈students' feedback 或者students' input 学生评价老师的教学students appraise / evaluate their teachers' performance7) 学生学习的各门功课加在一起curriculum(noun) 具体的一门课的内容syllabus 课外活动extra-curricular activity 学校是社会的缩影A school is society in miniature 不遵守纪律(名词)indiscipline/ misbehavior/ mischief (nouns) 不遵守纪律的(形容词)学生disruptive/ unruly students 8) 理论只是theoretical knowledge 通才generalist 专才specialist 全面发展的well-rounded /versatile 为社会健康发展做贡献contribute to societal well-being/ welfare (注意这里welfare不是"福利"的意思)9) 大学学科的分类可以分为:人文学科(包括文学,历史,语言学等)humanities 社会科学(包括政治,经济,社会学等)social sciences 艺术(包括音乐,雕塑等)arts 文科的总称也可以称为liberal arts 或者liberal studies 理科(包括物理,化学,生物等)sciences 工科(包括工程,自动化等)engineering 大学里的任何一个学科都可以叫做一个discipline 基础科学basic sciences 应用科学applied sciences 小学教育primary-level education 中学教育secondary-level education 大学教育tertiary-level education 职业教育vocational education/ training 青少年adolescents/ youngsters/ youthsEducation 类模板1 In this day and age, it is universally acknowledged that education is one of the key determinant of individual success. 众所周知,在当代教育是一个人成功的决定因素之一.2In contemporary society, education plays a pivotal role in individual development. 在当代社会,教育在个人发展中扮演着至关重要的角色.Technology & media 类科技类2/26 people today can perform the everyday tasks such as shopping, banking or even business transactions, without meeting others face-to-face. What effects will this phenomenon have on individuals and society as a whole开头段(不少于3+1句)The interactivity of the Internet and the mobile phone has enabled a multitude of people to purchase their desired items or pay their phone bills without stepping out of their offices or homes. And many others can even register for tests or sign contracts online. This。
雅思大作文ABC完整版讲义
• 题目确定A不确定C： 拓展结果 • 阐述一个问题或者一个好处：特定化 • 题目出现两个不同的事物 或者凑字数的时 候：对比 • 名词复数：举例 • 任何时候，都可以多解释原因和背景
• 情况1：确定A • Do you think it is a positive or negative development? • Do advantages outweigh disadvantages? • What effects does it cause? • 和部分do you agree or disagree的题目， Discuss Both views的题目 • 结构：A+思前+B+想细节+C+想后
混合题
• 报告类和观点类混合一起考
• • • • • 譬如说 Why is it the case? Is it a positive or negative development? NB 有时候，雅思会问 What problems does it cause? What are the solutions to this problem?
十大军规
• • • • • • • • • • • • 阶段I 套作文 1 不准滥用连接词 （moreover, in this way, for example 等）, 不准用套句和模板 2不准在开头段和结尾段浪费时间 （主体部分决定一切！） 3不准乱换词 （特别是小作文！除非你确定替换的词是对的）变化必死！ 4 不准写虚的东西 （什么陶冶情操、精神文明、男女搭配干活不累，不准 写！） 5不准凑字 （要具体解释，不准重复！） 阶段II 背作文 6不准背材料乱套（要注意审题） 7 不准用大词！ 大词必死！ 8 不准犯语法错误 （100句翻译反复做，lecture 1-4的资料都要做） 9 不准乱写从句 （特别是定语从句、分词、倒装等） 10 不准翻译大脑里所有的中文 （要用自己熟悉的表达和词伙！）不要翻译 ABC！
雅思强化写作精讲班第讲讲义一
雅思强化写作精讲班第 1 讲讲义Timing 时间安排难点：时间长，强度大。
对策：练习时控制时间Academic writing 学术类写作文体的特殊要求1 Some teachers don‘t know how to use computers to help the students effectively. 文体2 Historic buildings attract lots of visitors and can improve the local economy.非正式词汇3 The impact of tourism on these neighbourhoods should be analyzed. 拼写4 Children in wealthy families are more and more dependent on their parents.实词5 Serious crimes harm people’s lives. 实词6 The advantages of stopping animal experiments are more than continuing them.实词7 Today, advertisements are everywhere. There are many ways to do advertisements. 句式8 The environment is becoming worse. We must work together to deal with it.句式9 So,we must take steps to deal with the environmental problems! 色彩10 We must be friendly to others because the Bible said,‖ Treat your neighbors as you would like be treated.”文化背景toDifferent tasks 写作任务复杂Different tasks 写作任务复杂写作任务task 1 图表题和task 2 议论文之间差异大Some people think criminals should get longer terms in prison while others think thereare others ways to reduce the crime rate. Discuss.Many animals and plants are dying out today. What are the causes and what are your solutions?Some people believe that we should not use air transportation to carry fruits andvegetables. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Some people think the high sales of products reflect the power of advertisements insteadof the demand of customers. To what extent do you agree?Today we can do some everyday tasks such as shopping, banking and business transactions without meeting each other face to face. What are the effects of this phenomenon on individuals and society as a whole?Many people use emails and mobile phones today instead of writing letters. Some people think the skill of letter-writing will disappear completely. To what extent do you agree?Individual persons and countries cannot do anything about the environment. Environmentalproblems can only be solved by international effort. Do you agree？Some people think public libraries are useless today because we can use computer technology to get the information that we need. Do you agree?Some people think universities should only teach theories, not employment skills. Towhat extent do you agree or disagree?Health is a basic human need. Some people think medical care should not be provided by private profit-making companies. To what extent do you agree?Some people think the best way to solve environmental problems is to raise the priceof fuel. Do you agree?Some people think we need more female leaders to create world peace and reduce violence. To what extent do you agree?Multi-cultured societies are mixtures of many ethnic groups. To what extent do you think the disadvantages of multi-cultured societies outweigh their advantages?When we learn a language, we should also learn the culture and lifestyle of that country. Do you agree?Some people think the purposes of museums should be to educate people while others think museums should be enjoyable places to attract and entertain people. Discuss.Some people think students should live with their parents instead of living at school.To what extent do you agree or disagree?Some people think the housing shortage in big cities can only be solved by the government. Do you agree or disagree?Today many young people cannot find a job after they graduate from university. What are the individual and social reasons for this phenomenon?There are many security measures in big cities today to reduce the crime rate. To what extent do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?Long-distance flight consumes natural resources and pollutes the air. Some people thinkit should be banned. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Technology and science have great influence on our lives. But some people think we should also value the work of artists such as musicians, painters and writers. To what extentdo you agree or disagree?Some people think we should keep all the money we earn and not pay tax to the state.Do you agree or disagree?Some people think children who are brought up in families without a large amount of money are better prepared to solve the problems in their adult years than children broughtup in wealthy families. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Many people are optimistic about the 21st century and see it as an opportunity to make positive changes to the world. To what extent do you agree or disagree with their optimism? What changes would you like to be made in the new century?对策: 考试之前至少全程练习一次task 1 和task 2雅思强化写作精讲班第 2 讲讲义熟练掌握思考素材的三种方法No specific topic pool. 不断增加的题库对策: 雅思话题不会超出十大类别：文明类TourismEducationGovernmentWomen and FamiliesLanguage and CultureTechnology and the MediaDevelopment and Globalisation野蛮类CrimeAnimalsEnvironmental ProblemsUnfamiliar topics 素材思考困难对策：熟练掌握思考素材的三种方法a 分类法Some people think old buildings should be destroyed and replaced with modern buildings. To what extent do you agree?Some high-school graduates go to travel or work for a period of time before they goto university. To what extent do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?b 替代法Some people think motorized flight was the greatest invention in the twentieth century.Do you agree or disagree?Some people think stricter punishment for driving offenders is the only effective wayto improve safety on the roads. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Some people think animal experimentation should be banned. To what extent do you agree?c 裸奔法TM STREEC $Technology & Efficiency Environment & HealthMind & Soul Employment & CompetitionSociety & Crime Culture & PopulationTime & Space Money & FunR ights & Responsibilities写作中可以引用的16 句名人名言IELTS 写作中可以引用的16 句名人名言Education1 ―A child miseducated is a child lost." - -John F. Kennedy2 "Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire."-- W. B. Yeats3 ―Technology is j ust a tool. In terms of getting the kids working together andmotivating them, The teacher is the most important." --- Bill Gates.Technology“The greatest danger in modern technology is not that machines begin to think like people, but that people will begin to think like machines.‖ ―― Albert Einstein5―As we go forward, I hope we're going to continue to use technology to make reallybig differences in how people live and work." ---Sergey BrinMedia6―He who controls the media, controls the mind. ―---Rupert MurdockGovernment7―Millions of individuals making their own decisions in the marketplace will always allocate resources better than any centralized government." – Ronald ReaganTourism8―The world is a book, and those who do not travel, read only a page.‖Saint AugustineWomen and Families9―The bond that links your true family is not one of blood, but of respect and joy in each other’s life.‖ Richard BachLanguage10―To possess a second language is to possess a second soul.‖ –CharlemagneCulture11―Culture means the widening of the mind and of the spirit.‖ – Ruth BenedictGlobalization12― Globalization is not something that we can hold off or turn off. It is the economic equivalent of a force of nature—like wind or water.‖---Bill ClintonCrime13―He who does not prevent a crime when he can encourages it. ―--- Roman philosopher SenecaAnimals14The greatness of a nation and its moral progress can be judged by the way its animals are treated. ----GandhiEnvironment15―Many anthropogenic activities foul the air, contaminate the water and devastate the forests.‖ --- quoted in Newsweek1 6―Don’t blow it -- good planets are hard to find.‖ quoted in Time magazine。
雅思精讲写作班精讲班第2讲讲义
雅思精讲写作班精讲班第2讲讲义第四章第四章argumentation辩论型题目结构二对称式结构 4段一、开头段2-4句（背景）+双方观点（+引起下文）二、二、三段14句左右1句概述+3*2四、结尾段3-5句提出观点+重申理由(+写点别的)例3Topic: What are the advantages and disadvantages of the Internet?In recent years, the Internet has been gaining its popularity at an amazing rate. It seems that anyone who knows little about the Internet is out of date and lags far behind the times. The Internet plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the world.Those who welcome the Internet hold that it brings us great convenience and efficiency. Firstly, we can send E-mails to our friends in other countries in a few minutes while sending a traditional letter takes us at least a week and costs much. Secondly, we can make friends with people from all parts of the world. It overcomes the geographical barriers and makes the world smaller. Moreover, the Internet accelerates the flow of information and spreads education to all corners of the globe. We can have easy and quick access to the latest information worldwide.While people speak highly of Internet, its drawbacks shouldn’t be neglected.For one thing, it leads to psychological problems. An Internet-addicted person tends to be isolated, self-centered and unsociable. For another, there is a sharp rise in the number of cyber crime. More and more financial crimes are committed via the Internet. In addition, it also has negative impacts on young people because there are a lot of obscene and violent contents on line.In my opinion, the Internet has more disadvantages. It gives rise to people’s mental problems. It results in various computer crimes. It is harmful to the growth of the youth.Something should be done as soon as possible to protect people from the negative effects of the Internet.例4Topic: Should criminals be sent to prison or should they do something else as a punishment? Explain your opinion and give your reasons.In recent years, a growing number of people have begun to challenge against the existing practice of sending criminals to prison. They argue that the law offenders should be punished to do something for the public. It is quite natural that people seldom reach a total agreement on such a controversial issue.Some people advocate that we should let criminals do something else as punishment. In the first place, they can get better reclamation in this way. Doing something for society is a good measure, which not only punishes the criminals but also encourages them to begin a new life as well. Another reason is due to the limited jail space. Letting criminals do something outside jails decreases the cost of the government. Finally, the imprisonment of criminals cannot scare off the criminals. Up to now, there is no evidence showing the direct link between the implementation of imprisoning criminals and the decline of crime rate.Some others approve of the imprisonment of criminals. First of all, it can ensure a safe living environment to the law-abiding citizens. For criminals like thieves, robbers, rapists or even murderers, it is improper or even dangerous to let them out of jails, because they still pose threat to our society. Second, it is the best deterrent to those potential criminals. It will make would-be criminals think twice before they commit a crime. Last but not least, it is a great spiritual consolation to the victims. Those who suggest setting criminals free lay too much emphasis on the rights of criminals. They ignore the rights of victims.All the above opinions make sense. After a careful consideration, I am in favor of the latter view that we should retain the practice of sending criminals to prison. It can guarantee the safety of citizens. It can reduce the crime rate. Furthermore, it serves a punishment for the merciless offenders while a comfort to the innocent victims.第五章第五章Explanation解释型题目写法原因 and 办法结构一基本同一边倒结构开头r1r2（r3）solutions结构二基本同对称式结构开头reasonssolutions（结尾）例5Topic: It is generally acknowledged that families are now not as close as they used to be. Give possible reasons and your recommendations.Sample Answer 1In the past, family was a very important concept in people’s minds, and it was the center of many people’s lives. Nowadays, however, the relationship between family members is not as close as before. As far as I am concerned, it results from the following reasons.The first reason is that people spend more time on their study and work. Compared with the past, people face fierce competition and suffer from great pressure. Therefore, they have to devote more time and energy to their careers. Some people are too occupied to spare time for their family. What is more, many jobs require people to work in other cities and many children have to leave their parents at an early age to study or work elsewhere. As time passes, these people become emotionally estranged from their parents.Another reason is that there are more entertainment forms available. Nowadays high technology b rings us more interesting things which can easily attract people’s attention, such as watching TV, surfing the Internet or playing video games. As a result, people are indulged in these activities, totally neglecting the feelings of other family members.To bring families closer, people put forward various suggestions. Firstly, never bring your work home and leave it in your office. We should spare more time with family members no matter how occupied we are. Secondly, try to squeeze some time for a regular family dinner because dinner time is a perfect time and opportunity for people to exchange their feelings and ideas. Last but not least, we should teach the children the sense of family when they are still young.Sample Answer 2In the past, family was a v ery important concept in people’s minds, and it was the center of many people’s lives. Nowadays, however, the relationship between family members isnot as close as before.There are several reasons for this phenomenon. The first reason is that people spend more time on their study and work. Compared with the past, people face fierce competition and suffer from great pressure. Therefore, they have to devote more time and energy to their careers. Some people are too occupied to spare time for their family. Another reason is that there are more entertainment forms available. Nowadays high technology brings us more interesting things which can easily attract people’s attention, such as watching TV, surfing the Internet or playing video games. As a result, people are indulged in these activities, totally neglecting the feelings of other family members.To bring families closer, people put forward various suggestions. Firstly, never bring your work home and leave it in your office. We should spare more time with family members no matter how occupied we are. Secondly, try to squeeze some time for a regular family dinner because dinner time is a perfect time and opportunity for people to exchange their feelings and ideas. Last but not least, we should teach the children the sense of family when they are still young to form some good habits like writing letters and making telephone calls to each other.Family is the basic unit of a society. It plays a significant role in our lives. In order to enjoy a harmonious family life and maintain a stable society, we should take efforts to crate a close family relationship.。
新东方雅思写作讲义
新东方雅思写作讲义新东方雅思写作讲义第一部分：写作基础知识介绍（500字）1. 什么是雅思写作？雅思写作是雅思考试的一项重要组成部分，涵盖了一系列的写作任务，包括图表描述、图表解释、观点阐述等。
写作考试的目的是测试考生的语言表达能力、逻辑思维能力和写作组织能力。
2. 准备雅思写作需要注意的事项- 掌握基本写作技巧：如如何概括图表信息、如何展开论述、如何论证观点等。
- 增强写作词汇量：扩展词汇储备，提升表达准确性和多样性。
- 阅读大量范文：学习优秀范文的写作结构、句式使用和观点论证方式。
- 练习写作：进行频繁的写作练习，提高写作速度和思维流畅度。
3. 雅思写作评分标准雅思写作总分为9分，分为四个维度对写作进行评分：任务响应（Task Response）、语言表达（Coherence and Cohesion）、词汇使用（Lexical Resource）和语法准确性（Grammar Range and Accuracy）。
考生需在这四个方面都达到一定的水平才能取得高分。
第二部分：写作技巧及范文分析（1000字）1. 图表描述类写作图表描述类写作是雅思写作的常见形式，考察考生对图表信息的表达能力。
常见的图表形式有柱状图、饼状图、折线图和表格等。
在写作时，考生需要概括图表信息并进行详细描述，同时还要注意使用适当的语言连接词来连接句子和段落。
范文分析：柱状图描述了1990年至2000年间英国人口变化趋势。
从图中可以看出，英国人口总数在这十年间一直在增加，但增长速度有所波动。
具体来说，1990年英国人口为52.4百万，而2000年则达到了58.6百万，增长了大约11.8%。
在这十年间最大的增长出现在1997年，而最小的增长出现在1991年。
因此，可以看出英国人口的变化是不稳定的。
2. 图表解释类写作图表解释类写作是考察考生对图表信息的解读能力。
此类题型通常以饼状图、表格或流程图为主要形式，考生需要从中找出关键信息，并进行准确解释。
2024年度新航道雅思65高分班写作课件2
标点符号使用
正确使用标点符号可以使 文章更加易读和易懂。
9
用词与句式评分
词汇丰富性
使用丰富的词汇可以展示作者的 语言能力和表达能力。
2024/2/3
句式多样性
使用多种句式可以使文章更加生动 有趣，也可以展示作者的语法掌握 程度。
语言表达准确性
语言表达需要准确、清晰，避免使 用模糊或含糊不清的表达方式。
ABCD
2024/2/3
引入更多真题模拟
增加更多真题模拟练习，让学生更好地适应雅思 考试的要求和难度。
完善教学服务体系
完善教学服务体系，为学生提供更加全面、细致 的教学服务，助力学生取得更好的成绩。
27
THANK YOU
2024/2/3
28
新航道雅思65高分班写作课件2
2024/2/3
1
目录
2024/2/3
• 引言 • 雅思写作评分标准解读 • 雅思写作题型分析与解题技巧 • 高分班写作训练方法与实例 • 雅思写作备考建议与注意事项 • 课程总结与展望
2
01
引言
2024/2/3
3
课件背景与目的
2024/2/3
背景
新航道雅思6.5高分班针对雅思写 作难点与重点设计，旨在帮助学 生提升写作能力，达到雅思6.5分 及以上水平。
使用准确、地道的词汇 和句型，注意语法和拼
写错误。
15
检查修改
写作完成后，仔细检查 文章的内容、结构和语 言，进行适当的修改和
润色。
04
高分班写作训练方法与实例
2024/2/3
16
写作训练方法
词汇积累与运用
通过大量阅读和词汇练习，提高学生对高级 词汇的敏感性和运用能力。
雅思写作冲刺讲义
雅思写作冲刺时间：一个小时，无法超时上午九点考试，写作往往是11点开始考。
一般学生考到这里的时候就蒙了。
雅思写作考试是国内考试时间最长的一个，比托福等都长。
图表作文只占了1/3的分数，那议论文就占了2/3。
G类也要按A类要求去做。
Academic writing 的特殊要求1.Some teachers don't know how to use computers to help the students effectively. 不能用缩写，凡是用了缩写的都是业余选手，专业选手必须要用，do not.. Shouldn't 也是错的，特别提醒大家，cannot 中间没有空格。
如果你不相信我说的话，我建议你可以翻下剑5剑6，一个缩写你都找不到。
2.Historic buildings attracts lots of visitors and can improve local economy. 大家觉得哪个是口语词汇。
其中lots of 是特别口语化词汇，可以用numerous或者a host of 这两个单词修饰可数名词。
A great deal of 不可数。
3.The impact of tourism on these neighbourhoods should be analyzed. 下次你看到任何-ze 结尾的都是美式英语，-se 结尾的都是英式英语，而这里的neighbourhood 是英式英语，而neighborhood是美式英语，有些同学会问是不是雅思考试当中只能用英式英语呢？不是这样的，在剑桥6中明确说了可以用英语或美式，但两者不能混合使用。
我建议大家-our -se 是英式的，-or -ze 是美式的，这两者的区别是最常见的，其他的我们就没有必要掌握了。
4.Children in wealthy families are more and more depend on their parents.这里哪里不像学术写作呢。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2010年冲刺班雅思A类写作讲义主讲：刘巍巍第一讲雅思高分写作思路总览雅思写作高分：7分或7分以上第一节的内容：1．雅思写作的整体介绍2．高分写作的要求3．解决问题的方案4．课程的总览一．雅思写作的整体介绍General Introduction听力、阅读考试之后60分钟Task 1 and Task 2A类和G类的区别：task 2 议论文task 1 A：图表作文G：书信评分：以Task 2 为主二：高分写作的要求评分标准：Vocabulary and Sentence Structure(词汇与句子结构)Arguments, Ideas and Evidence(论证，论点和论据)Communicative Quality(交流质量)Vocabulary and Sentence Structure(词汇与句子结构)1.避免使用过于低级的单词The problem becomes worse by the poor effects we made.The problem was compounded due to the ineffective measures we had taken.They claim that sports lead to competition rather than cooperation is only an incorrect argument. The claim that sports lead to competition rather than cooperation is only a lame argument. People face violence and crimes on TV and films every day.People are bombarded by violence and crimes on TV and films every day.The kind of growth may lead to very bad results.The kind of growth may lead to dire consequences.consequence:far-reaching（深远的）, profound（深刻的）, adverse（不利的）, catastrophic（灾难的）, damaging（破坏性的）, devastating（破坏性的）, dire（可怕的）, disastrous（灾难的）, fatal（致命的）, tragic（悲惨的）, severe（严重的）,2.避免过分重复同一样的单词Mothers enjoy the same right for career advancement as fathers do.Mothers are just as entitled to career advancement as fathers.Mothers are empowered to career advancement as fathers.3.尽可能展示多变的句型定语从句：China is the largest developing country and is enjoying rapid economic growth. As a result, in the streets of major cities in China, there are thousands of vehicles of all kinds.As the largest developing country, China is enjoying rapid economic growth, the evidence of which can be seen in all major cities whose streets are teeming with thousands of vehicles of all kinds.倒装句：Young people are so impulsive and easily influenced that they are constantly tricked by advertisement in all forms of media.Impulsive and easily influenced as young people are, they are constantly tricked by advertisement in all forms of media.伴随状语：It is common now for kids to spend six and a half days in school each week because they have to sit through one extra class after another.It is common for kids to spend six and a half days in school each week, sitting through one extra class after another.设问句：Even if machine translation were able to eradicate all the language barriers between peoples, learning foreign languages still make sense.Even if machine translation were able to eradicate all the language barriers between people, would there be no point in learning foreign languages? By no means.Arguments, Ideas and Evidence(论证，论点和论据)Some people think that in order to improve the quality of education, high school students should be encouraged to evaluate and criticize their teachers, but other people maintain that such evaluation and criticism may cause loss of respect for teachers and discipline. What do you think?有人认为，为了提高教育质量，我们应该鼓励高中生对自己的老师进行评估；别的人却认为这种评估是不尊重教师、违反学校纪律的行为。
请给出你的看法？学生评价老师的理由：1.通过评估，老师可以知道学生究竟想些什么、需要什么If students are not allowed to evaluate or criticize the teachers, it is hard for the teachers to find out what the students think or what they need.2.评价和批评本身也是一种有效的交流方式Evaluation and criticism are themselves effective forms of communication3.听取学生的真实意见和想法，教师自己也能够受益匪浅Teachers will benefit a lot when their minds are open to the ideas and honest opinions of the youngsters.高分作文两个注意事项：1．论据尽可能新颖：论据新颖，文字才更有可能新颖2．新颖应该让位于准确性：确保文字没有错误Communicative Quality(交流质量)1．高分作文，在于文字和论据精彩，不在于结构另类2．雅思作文类型固定，写作模式也固定，高分作文亦然三：解决问题的方案1 Vocabulary and Sentence Structure(词汇与句子结构)→总结大量经典搭配，交替使用2Arguments, Ideas and Evidence(论证，论点和论据)→范文讲解附带论据整理3Communicative Quality(交流质量)→给出固定写作思路，不求变革四：课程总览八节课程第一节：整体介绍第二至第七节：各类议论文的高分写作思路1.该类议论文的写作思路点拨2.范文讲解3.课后作业及范文第八节：A类：图表作文高分写作思路G类：书信类作文高分写作思路第二节观点类雅思作文高分写作思路范例：Nowadays computers are widely used in education. As a result, some people think teachers no longer play an important role in classrooms. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Some people think that machine translation is highly developed in today’s society. Therefore it is not necessary for children to learn a foreign language. What’s your opinion?University should accept equal numbers of male and female students in every subject. Do you agree or disagree?Some people think that it is the responsibility of the government to ensure that people in the country have healthy lifestyles. Other people believe that individuals should be free to decide their own lifestyles. Please give your opinion.标志性文字：Do you agree or disagree?To what extent do you agree or disagree?What’s your opinion?Please give your own opinion.重点在于：就题目讨论的问题，给出自己的观点结构构思：1. 传统的写作思路: 第一段亮出观点，然后分段给出不同的论据，最后一段收尾，总结全文，同时再次重申自己的观点2. 高分作文，在于文字（词汇、句型、观点）方面制造亮点，不在于在结构方面铤而走险尝试新的方式范文讲解1：Nowadays people can use computers to talk, learn and communicate without leaving home. There is a danger that it will cause more isolation and a lack of communication among people. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?写作思路：1.观点：电脑不会妨碍人和人之间的交流小提示：科技类的文章，尽量选择正观点，讲述科技为人类做出的贡献为佳2. 论据:(1). 不能狭隘地理解交流和隔阂，在电脑屏幕前花很多的时间不等于缺乏与世隔绝，Communication and isolation must not be defined in a narrow sense. Alienation of people is not caused by how little they talk or meet each other but by lack of interest in our fellow creatures or the world at large.隔绝、疏远：isolation alienation(2). 计算机让大家有了共同的兴趣，促进了人们之间的共鸣common 共同的Computers help to prevent isolation by bringing every possible field of interest onto the screen. You can broaden your interests and enrich your life by accessing whatever and whoever you are interested in.(3). 不同的时代有不同的交流方式，电脑就是当今时代的交流工具之一Our mode of communication is forever changing and computers represent the latest way of communication.远古时代：primitive primeval times shouts and gestures 呐喊和手势后来：文字和语言spoken and written language现代：we prefer emails to ordinary mails, chat room, forum, tele-conference(4). 互联网让我们时时刻刻都连接在一起，一切都可以在指尖上实现The Internet keeps us linked to each other all the time. Everything is at the touch of a fingertip.开篇：引入观点的技巧S ome people think…. Other people think… I think ….…. has been a hot topic. Different people hold different views. In my opinion, ….…. has caused a lot of controversy. Some people think ….. but I think ….（以下开始逐句讲解范文，请跟随讲解的进度，以flash的形式，屏幕上逐句出现范文的文字，并在需要讲解的地方，插入讲解内容的文本）Invented some 60 years ago, computers have already transformed the way most of us live. The advent of the Internet opens up the possibility of communicating and interacting via the computer.impending advent 即将来临将话题引入电脑With more time spent on computers and less with each others, people start to fear the dehumanizing effect of this wonderful human contrivance.提出题目中以及提及到的观点特别提醒：切忌不要重复题目中出现的语句，要适当地paraphrase，用不同的文字，来表达同样的内容亮点：contrivance 发明物普通词汇：inventionThis inordinate concern is quite groundless.简单地亮出自己的观点。