19年中考英语真题 分类 专题17.4 任务型阅读(综合任务)(第02期)(解析版)

2019年中考真题英语分项汇编
专题17 任务型阅读
考点4 综合任务
Passage 1（2019 •山东省青岛市）
Drones are like airplanes, only without a pilot. No one without a pilot’s license should be allowed to have one.
Something bad or unexpected can happen when people send up a self-controlled flying machine like a drone without knowing how to really control it. Drones can become flyaways, and can be caught up on a jet stream (喷气流) and blown away. A falling drone can do much damage (损害) to buildings and people.
Though drones can be harmful, they can be very helpful. At a sports event, drones can be used to give the spectators (观众) a view from above or help coaches see how their players are doing. They are also becoming a useful tool for firefighters, helping them find and fight wildfires. Drones can watch secretly on populations of animals in the wild, especially endangered ones. In some faraway places in the world, drones are the fastest way to send medicine to people who are in great need of it.
Some people think drones can only be used by governments to help when needed. Others think that if rules are obeyed, there should be little risk to people and property (财产). Drone makers say drones are exciting new technology and that the future will be controlled by them.
57. 用英语列举drones的两种用途。

①_______________________________________________________________
②_______________________________________________________________
58. 回答问题。

Who should be allowed to have a drone?
____________________________________________________________________________________
59. 回答问题In some people’s opinions, can the drones only be used by governments at any time? Why?
____________________________________________________________________________________
60. 根据短文内容完成句子。

Paragraph (段落) Two is mainly about____________________________________________________.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】短文向我们介绍了无人机。

没有飞行员执照的人是不能拥有无人机的，因为如果操作不当，无人机失去控制后，坠落的无人机会对建筑物和人造成很大的伤害。

无人机也有很多用途，例如，在
体育比赛中，无人机可以用来让观众从上方观看，或帮助教练了解他们的运动员的表现。

它们也成为消防员的有用工具，帮助他们找到和扑灭野火。

57. (1). At a sports event, drones can be used to give the spectators (观众) a view from above or help coaches see
how their players are doing.
(2). Drones are also becoming a useful tool for firefighters, helping them find and fight wildfires.
【解析】短文第二段介绍了无人机的用途。

根据第二段中的句子Though drones can be harmful, they can be very helpful. At a sports event, drones can be used to give the spectators (观众) a view from above or help coaches see how their players are doing. They are also becoming a useful tool for firefighters, helping them find and fight wildfires.可知，在体育比赛中，无人机可以用来让观众从上方观看，或帮助教练了解他们的运动员的表现。

它们也成为消防员的有用工具，帮助他们找到和扑灭野火。

故答案为①At a sports event, drones can be used to give the spectators (观众) a view from above or help coaches see how their players are doing.②Drones are also becoming a useful tool for firefighters, helping them find and fight wildfires.
58. Someone with a pilot’s license.
【解析】问题：谁应该被允许拥有无人机？根据第一段中的句子No one without a pilot’s license should be allowed to have one. 任何没有飞行员执照的人都不允许拥有无人机，答案为Someone with a pilot’s license.。

59. No, they ca n’t. Because they think that if rules are obeyed, there should be little risk to people and property.
【解析】问题：在一些人看来，无人机在任何时候都能被政府使用吗？为什么？根据最后一段中的句子Some people think drones can only be used by governments to help when needed. Others think that if rules are obeyed, there should be little risk to people and property. 一些人认为，政府只有在需要时才可以使用无人机来提供帮助。

其他人认为，如果遵守规则，对人和财产的风险应该很小。

可知，一些人认为无人机不能无限制地使用，故答案为No, they can’t . Because they think that if rules are obeyed, there should be little risk to people and property.。

60. the harmful of drones
【解析】根据第二段中的句子Drones can become flyaways, and can be caught up on a jet stream (喷气流) and blown away. A falling drone can do much damage (损害) to buildings and people.可知，当无人机失去控制后，坠落的无人机会对建筑物和人造成很大的伤害。

因此这一段主要介绍了无人机的危害，故答案为the harmful of drones。

Passage 2（2019 •浙江省宁波市）
阅读下面材料, 将图片所示步骤(A-D) 与第31-34小题相应的文字匹配, 并完成第35小题。

Some experts believe that burpee (立卧撑) is the best exercise in the world because this exercise is one that anyone can do very easily and extremely cheaply.
How to perform the basic burpee correctly:
31. _________ Keep your back straight, squat (下蹲) down and place your hands on the floor.
32. _________ Begin in a standing position with your back straight and your arms at your sides.
33. _________ Bring your feat back to the squat position by placing your hands on the floor. Then jump straight up as high as you can after the squat position holding your arms up directly overyour head.
34. ______ Move your feet back behind you, so that you move from a squat position to a full--length leg extension. Keep both arms and legs straight and strong.
35. As a form of exercise, the burpee is ________________.
A. difficult and boring
B. useful but difficult
C. simple and inexpensive
D. simple but expensive
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】一些专家认为立卧撑是世界上最好的运动，这种运动任何人都可以做，它非常简单，也不需要花钱买运动器材。

那么怎样正确做这个运动呢？这篇短文给我们进行了详细的讲解。

31. B 根据句意Keep your back straight, squat (下蹲) down and place your hands on the floor.“保持背部挺直，
蹲下来，双手放在地板上”。

观察图片可知应该是B。

32. A 根据句意Begin in a standing position with your back straight and your arms at your sides.“从站立开始，
背部挺直，双臂放在身体两侧”，结合图片可知应该是A。

33. D 根据动作的描述Bring your feat back to the squat position by placing your hands on the floor. Then jump
straight up as high as you can after the squat position, holding your arms up directly over your head.“双手放在地板上，将你的动作恢复到蹲姿。

然后在蹲姿结束后，尽可能向上跳，双臂举过头顶”，仔细观察图片可知应该是D。

34. C 根据对动作的描述Move your feet back behind you, so that you move from a squat position to a
full--length leg extension. Keep both arms and legs straight and strong.“把你的脚移到身后，这样你就可
以从蹲着的姿势移到伸直的腿。

保持手臂和腿伸直”，结合图片可知应是C。

35. C 根据短文第一句话Some experts believe that burpee (立卧撑) is the best exercise in the world because
this exercise is one that anyone can do very easily and extremely cheaply.可知，立卧撑这个运动做起来非常容易，任何人都可以做，而且非常的便宜。

故C选项simple and inexpensive“简单而且不贵”，是正确的，选C。

【点睛】这篇短文给我们详细介绍了立卧撑这个运动的正确做法。

短文主题明确，结构清晰。

第一段先说明这个运动非常简单、便宜；第二段点明文章主旨How to perform the basic burpee correctly“怎样正确地完成立卧撑的基本动作”；下面分成四个步骤进行具体的介绍，并配上了适当的图片，可以让我们更清楚地看到。

题型是任务型阅读，前四个题目要求将图片对应到适当的位置，这几个题目需要学生们仔细阅读后面的介绍，理解他们的意思，并且仔细观察图片。

例如第1小题，根据句意Keep your back straight, squat (下蹲) down and place your hands on the floor.“保持背部挺直，蹲下来，双手放在地板上”。

观察图片可知应该是B。

第5小题是一个细节理解题，根据短文第一段的内容可知答案，这个题目使用了同义异构，simple 与原文的easily同义；inexpensive与原文的cheaply同义。

Passage 3（2019 •山东省济宁市）
阅读短文，根据要求完成文后的题目。

Tom works in a big company and he is often very busy. One day, when he came out of the office, it was late in the evening. There was no bus at that moment, so he had to walk home.
The street was very dark and he could hardly see anything. So he had to walk along slowly and
carefully.
Juts at that time, Tom found a man with a lantern coming in the distance. “If I go with that person, I will be able to see well," he thought.
When the man with a lantern got nearer, Tom found he was coming with a cane(手杖) in his hand. Tom thought this was strange and asked, “Why are you walking so slowly with a cane when you have a lantern?”
The man said, "You know, I'm blind. That is why I use thins cane to walk." Tom laughed, "Ha, ha, ha. You're blind? Then why do you carry a lantern? You don't need a lantern if you can't see.”
The man with the lantern answered, "Yes, I can't see. And this lantern cannot help me, but it can help others in the dark. I know better than anyone else how it feels when you cannot see.”
Tom didn't say anything for a long time. Then he said sorry to the man.
41. When did Tom come out of the office that day? (回答问题，不超过15个词)
__________________________________________
42. What did the man carry the lantern for? (回答问题，不超过12个词)
__________________________________________
43. Why did Tom say sorry to the man? (回答问题，不超过9个词)
__________________________________________
44. 把画线的句子翻译成汉语。

__________________________________________
45. 给文章报一个合适英文标题。

__________________________________________
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】文章介绍了汤姆下班很晚，没公交车了，他不得不走回家，路上很黑，他不得不走的很慢，这时他看到一个人拿着一个灯笼，当他走近时，他发现那个人是一个盲人，他感到很好笑，一个盲人为什么拿灯笼，那个人告诉他，他拿灯笼是为别人能看见路，他说更知道看不见的感觉，汤姆听了很久没说话，向那个人道歉。

41. It was late in the evening and there was no bus at that moment.
【解析】根据when he came out of the office, it was late in the evening. There was no bus at that moment,可知是天晚了，没公交车了；故答案是It was late in the evening and there was no bus at that moment.。

42. He carried the Lantern for helping others in the dark.
【解析】根据this lantern cannot help me, but it can help others in the dark可知是为了帮助黑暗中的人；故答案是He carried the Lantern for helping others in the dark.。

43. Because he laughed at him and didn`t respect him.
【解析】根据Tom laughed, "Ha, ha, ha. You're blind? Then why do you carry a lantern? You don't need a lantern if you can't see.”可知他嘲笑这个盲人，不尊重他；Yes, I can't see. And this lantern cannot help me, but it can help others in the dark. 他拿灯笼是为了帮助黑暗中的人，可知汤姆听了盲人的话，为自己嘲笑他感到羞愧，所以道歉；故答案是Because he laughed at him and didn`t respect him.。

44. 我比其他人更了解看不见时的感受。

【解析】根据know better更知道，anyone else其他任何人，how it feels when you cannot see当你看不见时感觉怎样；故答案是：我比其他人更了解看不见时的感受。

45. A Blind Man with a Lantern.
【解析】根据文章内容主要讲述一个盲人为了帮助黑暗中的人拿灯笼的故事；故答案是A Blind Man with
a Lantern。

Passage 4（2019 •湖南省长沙市）
Do you enjoy hitting the books? It doesn’t mean you enjoy beating your books with your hand. That may be rea sonable if you don’t understand something inside your books. Hitting the books just means that you are studying hard. You can learn a lot when you hit the books.1．Especially before exams, most students spend a lot of time hitting the books to get good grades.
This is just one example of expressions that can’t be understood by taking them apart（分开）word by word. Expressions like this are called idioms（习语）. They are an important part of a culture’s language. Languages and cultures are closely connected. One ex ample of an idiom in the Chinese language is “dui niu tan qin”, or “to play the lute（拨弦乐器）to a cow.”2．这意味着某人在说话或写作时不考虑其听众或读者。

Let’s get back to idioms that begin with the word “hit”3．There are many of them in English, but it’s not that easy for you to understand.
One common idiom you may hear in English is “hit the road”. It means to leave or to go. You can say, “Hey, I need to hit the road. Can we talk about this another time?” Or simply, “It’s time to hit the road.” When you are tired and you want to g o to bed, you can say, “I need to hit the hay（干草）.” It means you want to go to sleep.4．That’s because a bed was often a big bag with hay inside in the past.
5．习语使你的语言生动而有趣。

Let’s hit the road to learn some and try to use them.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】短文介绍了语言中一些习惯用语的表达。

它们是语言文化的重要组成部分，不能逐字分开来理解。

例如汉语中的“对牛弹琴”意思是某人在说话或写作时不考虑其听众或读者。

英语中也有很多这样的习语，但理解起来并不那么容易。

例如“hit the book”的意思是“努力学习”，“hit the road”的意思是“走或离开”，“hit the hay”的意思是“睡觉，就寝”。

1．尤其在考试前，大多数学生为了取得好成绩而花许多时间努力学习。

【解析】Especially“特别，尤其”；spend some time doing sth.花费时间做某事；hit the books习惯用语，意思是“用功啃书本，努力学习”；to get good grades取得好成绩，动词不定式作目的状语。

故答案为：尤其在考试前，大多数学生为了取得好成绩而花许多时间努力学习。

2．It means someone speaks or writes without considering his listeners or readers.
【解析】mean“意味着”；后面可以跟that引导的宾语从句（that可以省略）。

不定代词someone作主语时，视作第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时态时，谓语动词用三单形式；speaks or writes说话或写作；
without doing sth.不做某事。

without considering his listeners or readers. 不考虑其听众或读者。

主语可以用it替代。

故答案为It means someone speaks or writes without considering his listeners or readers.
3．英语中有很多这样的习语，但理解起来并不那么容易。

【解析】此句是there be句型，意思是“有”；in English在英语中，此处不能翻译成“用英语”；It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.做某事对某人来说怎么样，that用作副词，修饰easy，意为“如此，那么”；注意后一个句子是否定句。

故答案为：英语中有很多这样的习语，但理解起来并不那么容易。

4．那是因为在过去床常常是填充着干草的大袋子。

【解析】because“因为，由于”；with hay inside“里面有干草”，介词短语用作后置定语，修饰bed，a big bag with hay inside填充着干草的大袋子；in the past在过去。

故答案为：那是因为在过去床常常是填充着干草的大袋子。

5．Idioms make your language lively and interesting.
【解析】此句考查make的一种用法：make +宾语+形容词（作宾语补足语）；lively and interesting生动而有趣；介绍用途或功能时用一般现在时，主语idioms（习语）用作复数，谓语动词用动词原形。

故答案为Idioms make your language lively and interesting。

Passage 5（2019 •湖北省咸宁市）
Look around when you’re on a subway. What is the most popular time-killing(消磨时间的) activity? In China, most people play on their smart phones. While in other countries, people often enjoy reading.
On average(平均), each Chinese person read less than eight books in 2018, according to a recent survey from the Chinese Academy of Press and Publication. But Chinese people ①/spend/_______an average of 26 minutes on WeChat Reading every day.
②在许多西方国家，人们在任何时间都会阅读。

Even backpackers（背包客）enjoy reading books when they are having a break at the beach or relaxing from a hike. Reading books builds a bridge③/ bɪˈtwiːn/_______our lives and the unknown world.
Many hotels abroad also offer book-exchanges for visitors. Simply drop off your finished books and take those ones that other people left behind. In most US middle schools, teachers give students a reading list every few weeks.
④Most books are easy to read, so students won’t lose their confidence of reading.
Good reading habits lead you to a lifelong love of books. In order to encourage people to read more. China is planning to foster(培养)the habits of reading in its law. Although this has both good and bad sides,⑤_________. 6．填写单词：根据文中①、③两处音标填写单词。

①/spend/_______ ③/ bɪˈtwiːn/_______
7．将文中②处划线句子翻译成英语：_____________________
8．将文中④处划线句子翻译成汉语：_____________________
9．补全短文：从下面四个选项中，选出能填入文中⑤处划线部分的最佳选项。

A．it can be seen as a way to foster one’s interest
B．it can be seen as a way to build somebody up
C．it can be seen as a way to develop one’s reading habits
D．it can be seen as a way to improve one’s writing ability
10．What’s the purpose of having good reading habits according to the passage?
_______________________________________________________________
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文介绍了在地铁里：中国人大多数在玩智能手机。

而在其他国家，人们常常喜欢阅读。

据中国新闻的调查显示，在2018年，平均每个中国人阅读的书籍不到8本。

而每天花在微信上的时间为26分钟。

在西方国家，人们在任何时间都会阅读。

文章最后介绍了良好的阅读习惯会让人们终生热爱书籍。

6．spend；between
【解析】句子But Chinese people ①/spend/____an average of 26 minutes on We Chat Reading every day.的句意：但中国人每天平均花在微信上的阅读是26分钟。

由语境和所给的音标提示可知填：spend；由every day可知，本题的时态为一般现在时，主语Chinese people是复数，因此谓语用动词原形。

所以答案为：spend；句子Reading books builds a bridge③/bɪˈtwiːn/____our lives and the unknown world的句意：读书是我们生活与未知世界之间的桥梁。

由语境和所给的音标提示可知填：between；between ……and……：在……和……之间；所以答案为：between。

总之本题的答案为：①spend ③between
7．In many western countries, people will read at any time.
【解析】汉译英。

在许多西方国家：in many western countries；人们：people；在任何时间：at any time；
阅读：read；由所给的汉语：在许多西方国家，人们在任何时间都会阅读。

可知，本题的时态应该用一般将来时，所以答案为：In many western countries, people will read at any time.
8．大部分书（籍）都简单易读，因此学生读起来不会失去阅读的信心。

【解析】英译汉。

Most books：大部分书（籍）；be easy to do sth.：容易做某事；read：读；lose their confidence of reading：失去阅读的信心；students：学生；won’t：将不会。

所以答案为：大部分书（籍）都简单易读，因此学生读起来不会失去阅读的信心。

9．C 【解析】细节理解题。

由本段的第一句话Good reading habits lead you to a lifelong love of books. 良好的阅读习惯会让你终生热爱书籍。

可知，本段主要谈论了阅读习惯的养成，结合所给的选项可知，应该选择it can be seen as a way to develop one’s reading habits它可以被看作是培养一个人阅读习惯的一种方法。

符合语境。

故选C。

10．Good reading habits lead you to a lifelong love of books.
【解析】推理判断题。

题干的意思是：根据这篇文章，养成良好的阅读习惯的目的是什么？根据Good reading habits lead you to a lifelong love of books. 可知，良好的阅读习惯会让你终生热爱书籍。

故答案为：Good reading habits lead you to a lifelong love of books.
Passage 6（2019 •山东省德州市）
It is a great thing to help others. First, you can learn new things. Second, it can also make you feel good.
How can you do it? Helping through charities（慈善团体）is a good idea. Charities are organizations（组织）that help others. September 5 is the International Day of Charity.
You can help charities by giving your time, giving money or giving things that you own.
● Volunteering
V olunteering is to give time to help others without pay. Some ways of volunteering are：
☆visiting old people to talk to them or help them
☆walking dogs at an animal shelter（收容所）
☆cleaning up a park
☆helping some children.You can teach the children without life skills how to take care of themselves.
● Fundraising
Fundraising is to collect or produce money to a charity to help others. Some ways of fundraising are：
☆making cakes or biscuits to sell
☆doing sponsored（有赞助的）activities. For example, families and friends give you money if you finish a long walk.
● Donating
Donating is to give your things to a charity to help ot hers．Some ways of donatingare：
☆giving your old toys or clothes to a charity that helps sick children or poor people
☆giving your old books to a library.
So, what can you do to help others?
11．Why is it a great thing to help others? （at least one）
_______________________________________________
12．Which day is the International Day of Charity?
_______________________________________________
13．Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese
_______________________________________________
14．Mary makes some money by drawing pictures．She gives the money to a charity. It is a way of.（填写序号A或B或C）
A．volunteering
B．fundraising
C．donating
15．Give a proper title to the passage.
____________________________________________________
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】文章介绍了帮助他人的好处以及帮助他人的三种方法：志愿服务，捐款活动，捐赠活动。

11．First, you can learn new things. Second, it can also make you feel good．
【解析】细节理解题。

根据原文：It is a great thing to help others. First, you can learn new things. Second, it can also make you feel good.帮助别人是件好事。

首先，你可以学到新东西；其次，它也能让你感觉良好。

故答案为：First, you can learn new things. Second, it can also make you feel good。

12．September 5
【解析】细节理解题。

根据文中句子September 5 is the International Day of Charity.9月5日是国际慈善日。

可得出答案：September 5。

13．你可以教那些没有生活技能的孩子如何照顾自己。

【解析】英译汉题。

teach sb. how to do sth. 教某人如何去做某事，the children without life skills没有生活技能的孩子，how to take care of themselves如何照顾自己。

故答案是：你可以教那些没有生活技能的
孩子如何照顾自己。

14．B 【解析】细节理解题。

根据：making cakes or biscuits to sell制作蛋糕或饼干出售，可知这类活动属于捐款活动。

玛丽画画赚钱，她把钱捐给慈善机构。

这是一种募捐活动方式。

故答案选B。

15．Ways to help others.
【解析】标题归纳题。

根据How can you do it？你怎么能做到帮助他人？可知短文主要讲了帮助别人的方式，故答案是：Ways to help others。

Passage 7（2019 •贵州省安顺市）
As we all know, the "rice bowl" culture of China has influenced some Asian countries such as Japan, Korea and Vietnam since we started to use chopsticks while eating food.
Chopsticks are usually two long thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. (1) The most important thing is that chopsticks are a great invention in China.
Five thousand years ago people usually cooked their food in large pots, using twigs（小树枝）to remove it.
(2) the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces. (3)Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs by people .And twigs were gradually changed into chopsticks.
Some people think that the famous scholar Confucius living from about 551 BC to 479 BC pushed the development of chopsticks. Confucius believed that using chopsticks instead of knives would remind people to stay away from killing and violence at table.
We enjoy our delicious food with our family members or friends while feeling the peaceful and people-loving world by using chopsticks at table anytime.
21．请将1处下划线的句子译成中文：
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22．在2空处填入一个使语意连贯的连词：
______________________________________________________________________
23．What materials can be used to make chopsticks?
____________________________________________________________________
24．请将3处被动语态的句子转化为主动语态的句子。

________________________________________________________________
25．What is a possible title for this passage?
_______________________________________________________________________
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文主要谈论中国的筷子。

筷子是中国的一项伟大的发明。

筷子可以用木头、竹子、塑料、动物骨或金属制成。

孔子推动了筷子的发展。

21．最重要的是筷子是中国的一项伟大发明。

【解析】句意：最重要的是筷子是中国的一项伟大发明。

考查英译汉。

本句是表语从句，主语The most important thing最重要的事情，表语是that chopsticks are a great invention in China：筷子是中国的一项伟大发明；故答案是最重要的是筷子是中国的一项伟大发明。

22．As / When/ After
【解析】句意：随着人口的增长，人们开始把食物切成小块。

/当人口增长时，人们开始把食物切成小块。

/人口增长后，人们开始把食物切成小块。

考查细节理解。

根据上文Five thousand years ago people usually cooked their food in large pots, using twigs（小树枝）to remove it.（5000年前，人们通常用大锅煮食物，用树枝把它拿开。

）可知“随着人口的增长/当人口增长时/人口增长后，人们开始把食物切成小块。

”可知填As / When/ After。

23．Wood, bamboo, plastic, animal bone and metal.
【解析】题意：什么材料可以用来做筷子？考查细节理解。

根据第2段第1句Chopsticks are usually two long thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal.（筷子通常是两根长而薄的木头或竹子。

它们也可以由塑料、动物骨或金属制成。

）可知筷子用木头、竹子、塑料、动物骨或金属制成；故答案是Wood, bamboo, plastic, animal bone and metal.。

24．People could eat food in small pieces easily with twigs.／People could easily eat food in small pieces with twigs.
【解析】题意：请将3处被动语态的句子转化为主动语态的句子。

主动语态改为被动语态时，分三步，
1. 被动语态的中加by+动作执行者（by people），改为主动语态的主语。

2. 被动语态的句子的谓语动
词“could be+动词的过去分词”（could be eaten），改为could +动词原形（could eat）；3.被动语态的主语（Food），在主动语态中作宾语；其他成分照抄。

故此句Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs by people .改为主动语态是People could eat food in small pieces easily with twigs.／People could easily eat food in small pieces with twigs.。

25．Chopsticks Culture/ Chopsticks/Culture of Chinese Chopsticks at table/ A great invention一chopsticks 【解析】题意：这篇文章可能的标题是什么？考查主旨理解。

本文主要谈论中国的筷子。

根据本文主要内容这篇文章可能的标题是Chopsticks Culture（筷子文化）/ Chopsticks（筷子）/Culture of Chinese Chopsticks at table（餐桌的中国筷子文化）/ A great invention------chopsticks.（一项伟大的发明----筷子）。

Passage 8（2019 •甘肃省兰州市）
阅读下面的短文,按要求完成后面的小题
Traveling by subway can sometimes be a challenge, especially during rush hour. You have to fight your way into the carriage(车厢), and keep away from others' hot water. The smells of some passengers' food are very strong, too.
Since April, the local government of Beijing has collected public opinions on the new Beijing Subway Passenger Rules. The rules say that if passengers have bad manners while on the subway, they will end up with bad credit(信用) scores or even being refused by the subway. Four kinds of behaviors(行为) were added to the new rules. They include stealing others' seats, eating or drinking, handing out advertisements, and not paying for the tickets.
As for eating and drinking on the subway, ①不同的人有不同的观点. Some people support the rules that all passengers except babies and people with certain health problems are not allowed to eat or drink on the subway. ②The have pointed out that the smell of food and drink can make other passengers unhappy.
However, others question this rule, saying that drinking water should be allowed ③____ people can get thirsty after long rides on the crowded subway.
51. What has the local government of Beijing collected since April?
_______________________________________________________________________
52. Please list two kinds of bad behaviors on the subway according to the new rules.
_______________________________________________________________________
53. 请将文中①处画线句子翻译成英语。

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54. 请将文中②处画线句子翻译成汉语。

_______________________________________________________________________
55. 请在文中③处填入一个适当的连词。

_______________________________________________________________________
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文介绍了北京市政府就新的《北京地铁乘客守则》征求了公众意见。

新规则中增加了四种行为。

包括抢别人的座位，吃或喝，发广告，逃票。

至于在地铁上吃喝，不同的人有不同的观点。

一些人支持这样的规定，即除了婴儿和有一定健康问题的人之外，所有乘客都不得在地铁上吃或喝东西。

有人指出，食物和饮料的气味会使其他乘客不高兴。

但是，也有人质疑这一规定，认为应该允许饮用水因为在拥挤的地铁上坐了很长时间，人们就会口渴。

51. The public opinions on the new Beijing Subway Passenger Rules.
【解析】细节理解题。

根据Since April, the local government of Beijing has collected public opinions on the new Beijing Subway Passenger Rules. 自今年4月以来，北京市政府就新的《北京地铁乘客守则》征求了公众意见。

故答案为：The public opinions on the new Beijing Subway Passenger Rules.
52. Stealing others' seats and eating or drinking.(答案不唯一，是文中第二段最后一句中提到的不好的行为中的
两种就可以)
【解析】细节理解题。

题干的意思是：请根据新规定列出地铁上的两种不良行为。

根据Four kinds of behaviors(行为) were added to the new rules. They include stealing others' seats, eating or drinking, handing out advertisements, and not paying for the tickets. 新规则中增加了四种行为。

包括抢别人的座位，吃或喝，发广告，逃票。

所以答案为：Stealing others' seats and eating or drinking.
53. different people have different opinions
【解析】汉语译成英语。

不同的人：different people；不同的观点：different opinions；这里的“有”，用have，因为主语different people是复数，是指某人有某物。

故答案为：different people have different opinions。

54. 他们指出食物和饮料的味道会使其他的乘客不开心。

【解析】英语译成汉语。

point out：指出；the smell of food and drink：食物和饮料的味道；can：会，能；
other passengers：其他的乘客；unhappy：不开心；make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事。

由have pointed out 可知，本题的时态为现在完成时。

所以答案为：他们指出食物和饮料的味道会使其他的乘客不开心。

55. because
【解析】细节理解题。

该句话的意思是：然而，也有人质疑这一规定，他们说应该允许饮用水，因为人们在拥挤的地铁上坐了很长时间后就会口渴。

句子drinking water should be allowed和people can get thirsty after long rides on the crowded subway.之间存在着因果关系，因此应该填连词because。

语境是：应该允许人们喝水，因为人们在拥挤的地铁上坐了很长时间后就会口渴。

故答案为：because。

Passage 9（2019 •娄底）
14.（2019·娄底）Mr. Green brought his family to China and visited Zhangjiajie. On May 4th，2019，they enjoyed the magic mountains there. They had a great time. They took a lot of photos on the way and then they had a picnic under a big tree，①Suddenly it began to rain heavily，so they hurried to the hotel. When they got there，they couldn't find their expensive camera. They wanted to go back to look for it，but there wasn't enough time because they had to catch the plane at 20：30 that night！They didn't have dinner in the hotel because they all felt sorry. To make his family happy，Mr. Green said，"Well，。