初一英语语法大全知识点
(完整版)初一英语语法学习知识点详细总结
初一英语语法学习知识点总结一、初一英语语法——词法1、名词A)名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下:一)在后面加s。
如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。
如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes,三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如:baby-babies,2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。
如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。
如:radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es:如: tomatoes 西红柿, potatoes马铃薯五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。
如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves六)单复数相同(不变的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese七)一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks八)单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有:police警察局,警察, class 班,同学, family家,家庭成员九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词。
如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。
如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers十)有的单复数意思不同。
初一英语语法知识点(详细)
语法专项复习一(一)一般现在时1. 一般现在时的含义⑴表示现在的状态⑵表示经常或习惯性的动作⑶表示主语具备的性格和能力。
2. 一般现在时的谓语构成⑴动词be肯定式I am… 否定式I am not…You/We/They are… You/We/They aren‘t…She/He/It is… She/He/It isn‘t…疑问式和简略回答Am I…?Yes, you are. No, you aren‘t.Are you…? Yes, I am/we are. No, I am not/we aren‘t.Are we/they…? Yes, we/they are. No, we/they aren‘t.⑵动词do肯定式I/We/You/They+动词原形+其他成分She/He/It+动词第三人称单数形式+其他成分否定式I/We/You/They don‘t+动词原形+其他成分She/He/It doesn‘t +动词原形+其他成分疑问式和简略回答Do I/you/we/they+动词原形+其他成分Yes, I/you/we/they d o. No, I/you/we/they don‘t.Does she/he/it +动词原形+其他成分Yes, she/he/it does. No, she/he/it doesn‘t.⑶一般现在时第三人称单数的构成规则变化一般情况下直接+s work-works ask-asks see-sees以s, x, ch, sh, o 结尾+es watch-watches go-goes do-does wash-washes以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i加es try-tries study-studies fly-flies不规则变化have-has练一练1. 给出下列单词的第三人称单数形式play go hurry teach buy seewash walk miss watch come say2. 用所给动词的适当形式完成短文It‘s Ted‘s first day at school in Shanghai. The teacher _____(take) him to the classroom. The students_____ (ask) him, ―_____(do) you speak English or Chinese?‖ He _____ (say), ―Both. My father is an Englishman and my mother is a Chinese woman.‖ Ted ______ (like)his new classmates. After school, he _____(say) to his parents, I_____ (love) my new school, teacher and classmates.(二)句子种类(1)按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
初一英语语法总结
七年级英语语法知识点汇总一.字母和音标1. 26个英文字母:5个元音字母a, e, i, o, u (联系汉语拼音中的韵母排列顺序快速记忆)2. 48个国际音标:20个元音组合,28个辅音组合。
重点辨别相似发音的元音组合。
如:[ə] a China breakfast [e] ea head bread [ei] a name cake二.十大词类(一)名词a. 专有名词和普通名词。
专有名词指个别的人,事物,地点等专有的名称,如China, Gina. 普通名词如table, chair.b. 可数名词和不可数名词:可数名词有复数形式,如an apple,two apples. 不可数名词一般没有复数形式,如milk, bread, rice.[重点]可数名词的复数变形:有规则变化和不规则变化两种规则变化:1一般情况直接在词尾加“-s”, 如: bag-bags, day-days,boy-boys, key-keys等。
○2以s, x, sh, ch结尾的单词,要在词尾加“-es”, 如: bus-buses, watch-watches, ○box-boxes等。
3以辅音字母加y结尾的单词,要变y为i再加“-es”, 如:baby-babies, ○country-countries, family-families等。
4部分以f (e)结尾的单词,要变f (e)为“ves”, 如:knife-knives, half-halves等。
○顺口溜:小偷(thief)的妻子(wife),为了自己(self)保命(life),站到架子上(shelf),用树叶(leaf)做的小刀(knife),将狼(wolf)劈成了两半(half)5以字母“o”结尾的单词,没有生命的加“-s”,有生命的加“-es”,如:○zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes.口诀:黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)爱在火山(volcano)吃土豆(potato)西红柿(tomato)不规则变化:1改变单数名词中的元音字母:○man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth等。
七年级上册,英语,所有的语法
七年级上册,英语,所有的语法
以下是七年级上册英语的部分语法知识点:
1. 名词:名词是表示人、事物、地点等名称的词。
2. 形容词:形容词用来描述名词的性质、特征或状态。
形容词可以放在名词前面或后面。
3. be动词:be动词包括am, is, are三种形式,用来表示主语的状态或特征。
4. 助动词:助动词包括do, does, did三种形式,用来帮助主要动词表达时态、语态、否定等意义。
5. 介词:介词用来表示名词与其他词语之间的关系,如in, on, under等。
6. 连词:连词用来连接两个句子或从句,如and, but, or等。
7. 代词:代词是用来代替名词的词,如I, you, he等。
8. 副词:副词用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,表示程度、方式、时间等意义。
9. 动词:动词是表示动作或状态的词,如run, jump, like等。
10. 冠词:冠词用来限定名词,包括定冠词the和不定冠词a/an两种形式。
以上只是部分语法知识点,想要掌握更多语法知识,可以查阅教材或请教英语老师。
初一英语知识点及语法
初一英语知识点及语法学好英语语法是特殊重要的。
下面是学习啦我收集整理的初一英语学问点及语法以供大家学习!初一英语学问点及语法(一)1. 情态动词have to 的用法,意思是必需、不得不,它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。
(1)结构:主语+have to+动词原形+其他(一般如今时,主语是第三人称单数时,用has to;〔句子〕是过去时,用had to.)如:We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在体育课上,我们必需穿运动鞋。
Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 汤姆每天必需练习弹吉它。
I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一,我不得不早上5点起床。
(2)否认形式:主语+dont have to+动词原形+其他(一般如今时,主语是第三人称单数时,用doesnt have to. 句子是过去时,用didnt have to)如:Nick doesnt have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿制服。
We didnt have to do our homework at once. 我们不必马上完成作业。
(3)疑问句:Do (Does或Did)+主语+have to +动词原形+其他如:Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必需呆在家里吗?Yes, I do. / No, I dont.是的,我必需。
不,我不必。
Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night? 昨晚,他不得不11点前上床睡觉吗?2. 情态动词can的用法(1)表示能力,会能(在第一册中已经学习这种用法)Can you play the guitar? 你会弹吉它吗?Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂会说一点中文。
七年级英语语法知识点总结【通用5篇】
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(完整版)初一英语语法知识点总结复习(超详细)
课时一教学任务一、重点语法1.动词be(am,is,are)的用法:be动词包括“am”, “is”, “are”三种形式。
①第一人称单数(I)配合am来用。
句型解析析:I am+…例句:I am Snoopy.I am ten years old.I am a student.I am a boy.②第二人称(You)配合are使用。
句型解析:You are+…例句:You are my good friend.You are a good teacher.You are beautiful③第三人称单数(He or She or It)配合is使用。
句型解析:She(He, It) is +……例句:She is a good girl.She is so tall.She is short.④人称复数 (we /you/they)配合are使用。
句型解析:We (You, They) are +……例句 We are in Class 5,Grade 7.They are my friends.You are good students.用法口诀:我(I)用am, 你(you)用are,is跟着他(he),她(she),它(it)。
单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。
变否定,更容易,be后not加上去。
变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。
还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘记。
对应练习:一. 用括号中适当的词填空。
1. I ________(am, are, is) from Australia.2. She _______ (am, are, is) a student.3. Jane and Tom _________(am, is, are) my friends.4. My parents _______ (am, is, are) very busy every day.5. _______ (Are, Is, Do, Does) there a Chinese school in New York?6. _______ (Be, Are, Were, Was) they excited when he heard the news?7. There _____ (be) some glasses on it.8. If he _____ (be) free tomorrow, he will go with us.一、用be 动词的适当形式填空1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.2. The girl______ Jack's sister.3. The dog _______ tall and fat.4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.5. ______ your brother in the classroom?6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.7. How _______ your father?8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.9. Whose dress ______ this?10. Whose socks ______ they?11. That ______ my red skirt.12. Who ______ I?13.The jeans ______ on the desk.14.Here ______ a scarf for you.15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.19. Some tea ______ in the glass.20. Gao shan's shirt _______ over there.第二课时(1)英语人称代词和物主代词一、人称代词表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词,叫做人称代词。
初一英语语法大全知识点
第一块国际音标国际音标是一种工具,其作用是标记英语字母和单词的读音。
1、20个元音单元音:/i:/ Ee、/з:/her /u:/ do/I/ it /ә/about /u/ book/ɑ:/ are // or /æ/ any// us // off /e/ at双元音:// Ii // out // ear// Aa,// Oo // air// boy // sure2、28辅音:成对的清浊辅音:/p/map /t/ it /k/book /f/off /θ/math /s/yes /b/club /d/dad /g/big /v/have /ð/this /z/zoo// fish // watch /tr/ tree /ts/ its// usually // orange /dr/ dress /dz/ beds其他辅音:/m/ am /n/ and // English /l/ like/h/ hello /r/ red /w/ what /j/ yes3、国际音标拼读规则:辅见元,碰一碰。
/l/在前,发本音;音节后面卷下舌。
/p/、/t/、/k/、/tr /清辅音,/s/后读成浊辅音。
本块词汇:speak说讲start开始school学校 s trict严格的out外面club俱乐部usually通常 dress化妆about关于大约us我们her她的ear耳朵English英语sure当然可以air空气or或者any一些boy男孩orange橙子,桔子map地图tree树math数学 off离开watch观看手表do做like喜欢 beds床what什么hello喂是的red红色的yes是的 book书its它的 zoo动物园fish鱼dad爸爸big大的have有this这it它Starter unit1-3一、文化常识1、英语文化区域,熟人之间见面,常要互相问好。
初一英语语法大全知识点(总41页)
初一英语语法大全知识点-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1-CAL-本页仅作为文档封面,使用请直接删除人教版七年级(上册)英语知识点第一块国际音标国际音标是一种工具,其作用是标记英语字母和单词的读音。
1、20个元音单元音:/i:/ Ee、/з:/her /u:/ do/I/ it /ә/about /u/ book/ɑ:/ are // or /æ/ any// us // off /e/ at双元音:// Ii // out // ear// Aa,// Oo // air// boy // sure2、28辅音:成对的清浊辅音:/p/map /t/ it /k/book /f/off /θ/math /s/yes /b/club /d/dad /g/big /v/have /ð/this /z/zoo// fish // watch /tr/ tree /ts/ its// usually // orange /dr/ dress /dz/ beds其他辅音:/m/ am /n/ and // English /l/ like/h/ hello /r/ red /w/ what /j/ yes3、国际音标拼读规则:辅见元,碰一碰。
/l/在前,发本音;音节后面卷下舌。
/p/、/t/、/k/、/tr /清辅音,/s/后读成浊辅音。
本块词汇:speak说讲 start开始 school学校 strict严格的 out外面club俱乐部 usually通常 dress化妆 about关于大约 us我们her她的 ear耳朵 English英语 sure当然可以 air空气or或者 any一些 boy男孩 orange橙子,桔子 map地图tree树 math数学 off离开 watch观看手表 do做like喜欢 beds床 what什么 hello喂是的 red红色的yes是的 book书 its它的 zoo动物园 fish鱼dad爸爸 big大的 have有 this这 it它Starter unit1-3一、文化常识1、英语文化区域,熟人之间见面,常要互相问好。
初一英语语法及主要知识点归纳总结
初一英语知识点归纳总结分类:英语学习Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from一.短语:1 .be from = come from 来自于----2.live in 居住在---3.on weekends 在周末4 .write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信;写信给某人5 .in the world 在世界上in China 在中国6.pen pal 笔友14 years old 14岁favorite subject 最喜欢的科目7.the United States 美国the United Kingdom 英国New York 纽约8.speak English 讲英语like and dislike 爱憎9.go to the movies 去看电影play sports 做运动二.重点句式:1 Where’s your pen pal from = Where does your pen pal from/2 Where does he live3 What languages does he speak4 I want a pen pal in China.5 I can speak English and a little French.6 Please write and tell me about yourself.7 Can you write to me soon8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.三.本单元的国家,人民、语言对应;1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French2 France------ French------French3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese4 Australia----Australian----- English5 the United States------ American---- English6 the United Kingdom---British----- EnghishU nit 2 Where’s the post office一.Asking ways: 问路1.Where is the nearest …… 最近的……在哪里2.Can you tell me the way to …… 你能告诉我去……的路吗3.How can I get to …… 我怎样到达……呢4.Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood 附近有……吗5.Which is the way to ……哪条是去……的路二.Showing the ways: 指路1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走;2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转;3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它;4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远;5. You’d bette r take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去;You’d better+动词原形三.词组1. across from …… 在……的对面across from the bank 在银行的对面2. next to…… 紧靠…… next to the supermarket 紧靠超市3. between……and…… 在……和……之间between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间4. in front of…… 在……前面There is a tree in front of the classroom.课室前面有棵树;in the front of…… 在……内的前部There is a desk in the front of the classroom.课室内的前部有张桌子;5. behind…… 在……后面behind my house 在我家后面6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右边on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边on one’s left/right 在某人的左/右边on my left 在我左边7. go straight 一直走8. down /along…… 沿着……街道down/along Center Street 沿着中央街9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近10 welcome to…… 欢迎来到……11. take /have a walk 散步12. the beginning o f…… ……的开始,前端at the beginning of…… 在……的开始,前端in the beginning 起初,一开始13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心,过得愉快我昨天玩得很开心; I had fun yesterday.I had a good time yesterday.I enjoyed myself yesterday.14. have a good trip 旅途愉快15. take a taxi 坐出租车16. 到达:get to +地方get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家arrive in +大地方I arrive in Beijing.arrive at +小地方I arrive at the bank.reach +地方17.go across 从物体表面横过go across the street 横过马路go through 从空间穿过go through the forest 穿过树林18.on + 街道的名称; Eg: on Center Streetat + 具体门牌号+街道的名称Eg: at 6 Center Street三.重难点解析1.enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣,喜爱做某事I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书;到目前为止,我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy,都是要带doing.I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子;2.hope to do sth 希望做某事I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试; hope +从句I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗;从句即是一个小句子,这个小句子又放在大句子中,从属于大句子,所以叫从句;如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句,它又放在I hope 的后面,形成句中有句;3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子;If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱,我就会去月球;If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.如果你饿了的话,你可以在超市买一些食物;四.本单元的反义词、近义词配对1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- smallUnit 3 Why do you like koala bears一.重点词组eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cuteplay with her friends kind of South Africa other animalsat night in the day every day during the day二. 交际用语1. Why do you like pandas Because they’re very clever.2. Why does he like koalas Because they’re kind of interesting.3. Where are lions from They are from South Africa.4. What other animals do you likeI like dogs, too.WhyBecause they’re friendly and clever.5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.6. She’s very shy.7. He is from Australia.8.He sleeps during the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.9.He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.10.Let’s see the pandas first.11.They’re kind of interesting.12.What other animals do you like13.Why do you want to see the lions三. 重点难点释义1、kind of 有点,稍微Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有点害羞;kind 还有“种类”的意思如:各种各样的all kinds ofWe have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.2、China n. 中国Africa n. 非洲China 和Africa都是专有名词,首字母都应该大写,而且和介词in连用;There are many kinds of tigers in China.There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.3、friendly adj. 友好的,和蔼可亲的它是名词friend的形容词形式,常常和be动词连用, be friendly;The people in Chengdu are very friendly.4、with prep. 跟,同,和…在一起I usually play chess with my father.注意区别与and的用法,and通常用于连接主语或宾语,连接主语时,如果有I, I通常放在and 之后,如:My father and I usually play chess together.Play with “和…一起玩耍”“玩…”I often play with my pet dog.Don’t play with water5、day和night 是一对反义词,day 表示白天或一天,night表示夜或夜晚;通常说in the day, during the day, at night;Koala bears often sleep during the day and eat leaves at night.6、leaf n. 叶子复数形式为:leaves, 类似的变化还有:wife—wives, wolf—wolves, knife—knives等;7、hour n. 小时;点钟hour前边通常加上冠词an 表示“一个小时”, 即:an hour;There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.8、be from 来自…be from = come fromPandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.9、meat n. 食用的肉,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修饰,即:much meatHe eats much meat every day.10、grass n. 草,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修饰,即:much grass; There is much grass on the playground.四. 语法知识特殊疑问句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“how old”、“how many”等开头,对某一具体问题进行提问;特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况:1. 疑问句+一般疑问句结构;这是最常见的情况;例如:What’s your grandfather’s telephone number 你爷爷的号码是多少Who is that boy with big eyes 那个大眼睛的男孩是谁Which season do you like best 你最喜欢哪个季节When is he going to play the piano 他什么时候弹钢琴Where does he live 他住在哪儿How are you 你好吗How old are you 你多大了How many brothers and sisters do you have 你有几个兄弟姐妹2. 疑问句+陈述句结构;这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语;例如:Who is on duty today今天谁值日Which man is your teacher哪位男士是你的老师我们学过的What/How about+名词/代词+其他也是特殊疑问句,它是一种省略结构;例如:I like English. What/How about you 我喜欢英语;你呢What about playing basketball 打篮球怎么样Unit 4 I want to be an actor.一.短语:1 want to do sth 想要作某事2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物/ 把某物给某人3 help sb do sth 帮助某人作某事Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.4 help sb with sth 帮助某人谋事Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home5 in the day 在白天6 at night 在晚上7 talk with/ to sb 和----谈话8 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.9 in a hospital 在医院l10 work/ study hard 努力工作11 Evening Newspaper 晚报二.重点句式及注意事项:1 询问职业的特殊疑问词是what;有三种主要句式①What + is / are + sb②What + does/ do + sb + do③What + is/ are + 名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词+ job2 People give me their money or get their money from me.3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.4 I like talking to people.5 I work late. I’m very busy when people go out to dinners.6 Where does your sister work7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.8 Do you want to work for a magazine Then come and work for us as a reporter.9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.三.本单元中的名词复数;1 policeman--- policemen2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3thief-----thieves首先主谓宾结构I have an apple.其次定状补I really have a big apple.really做have的状语状语修饰动词动词一般就是谓语动词big做apple的定语定语修饰名词名词一般是主语或宾语最后主系表结构它与主谓宾很相似只不过谓语动词时系动词最常见的是be动词及其变形I am a student;主语通常用于句子开端,主要有:i,you,he,she,it,we,they,但it有时用作形式主语,表特指;谓语,通常放在主语之后,一般是动词,表示“某某人在;;;”宾语,通常放在谓语之后,一般是主语的宾格;有时候是人,有时候是物;定语,状语,通常是从句;定语从句:常有关系代词that\which\who\whoes,关系副词when\where\why.通常选择关系词的步骤是:1、确定先行词2.确定关系词.主系表:主,就是主语;系,特指系动词,就是说当句子中没有谓语时,用系动词来代替;表,修饰系动词用;1、名词A、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下:一在后面加s;如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas二x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es;如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes三1以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories2以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s;如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways四以o结尾加s外来词;如:radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es:如: tomatoes 西红柿, potatoes马铃薯五以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加ess;如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves六单复数相同不变的有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese七一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks八单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成员九合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词;如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数;如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers十有的单复数意思不同;如:fish鱼fishes鱼的种类, paper纸papers报纸,卷子,论文, work工作works作品,工厂, glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯,眼镜, orange桔子水oranges橙子, light光线lights灯, people人peoples民族, time时间times 时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉chickens 小鸡十一单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s;如:Is I’s, Ks K’s;但如是缩略词则只加s;如:IDs, VCDs, SARs十二特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-EnglishmenB名词的格当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式;构成如下:一单数在后面加’s;如:brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s二复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’,如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理;如:Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节三由and并列的名词所有时,如果是共同所有同一人或物时,只加最后一个’s,但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理;如:Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间共住一间,Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间各自的房间2、代词项目人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词人称主格宾格形容词名词性第一人称单数I me my mine myself复数we us our ours ourselves第二人称单数you you your yours yourself复数you you your yours yourselves第三人称单数she her her hers herselfhe him his his himselfit it its its this that itself复数they them their theirs these those themselves3、动词A 第三人称单数当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下:一一般在词后加s;如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains二在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es;如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes三1以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es;如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries2以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s;如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys四以o结尾加es;如:does, goes五特殊的有:are-is, have-hasB 现在分词当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下:一一般在后加ing;如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing二以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing;如:dance-dancing, wake-waking,take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having三以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing;如:put-putting,run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning四以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing;如:tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying 位于4、形容词的级我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时,则要使用比较或最高级形式;构成如下:一一般在词后加er或est如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st;如:greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest二以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母字母组合除外,如few-fewer fewest结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est;如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest三以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est;如:happy-happier happiest,sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliestmore friendly most friendly, busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest四特殊情况:两好多坏,一少老远good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worstlittle- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest 5、数词基变序,有规则;一、二、三,自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y结尾,变为i, eth跟上去; first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth二、初一英语语法——句式1.陈述句肯定陈述句a This is a book. be动词b He looks very young. 连系动词c I want a sweat like this. 实义动词d I can bring some things to school. 情态动词e There’s a computer on my desk. There be结构否定陈述句a These aren’t their books. b They don’t look nice.c Kate doesn’t go to No. 4 Middle School.d Kate can’t find her doll.e There isn’t a cat here. =There’s no cat here.2. 祈使句肯定祈使句a Please go and ask the man. b Let’s learn Englishc Come in, please.否定祈使句a Don’t be late. b Don’t hu rry.3. 疑问句1 一般疑问句a Is Jim a student b Can I help you c Does she like saladd Do they watch TVe Is she reading肯定回答: a Yes, he is. b Yes, you can. c Yes, she does. d Yes, they do. e Yes, she is.否定回答: a No, he isn’t. b No, you can’t. c No, she doesn’t. d No, they don’t. e No, she isn’t.2 选择疑问句Is the table big or small 回答It’s big./ It’s small.3 特殊疑问句①问年龄How old is Lucy She is twelve.②问种类What kind of movies do you like I like action movies and comedies.③问身体状况How is your uncle He is well/fine.④问方式How do/can you spell it L-double O-K.How do we contact you My e-mail address is cindyjones163.⑤问原因Why do you want to join the club⑥问时间What’s the time =What time is it It’s a quarter to ten a.m..What time do you us ually get up, Rick At five o’clock.When do you want to go Let’s go at 7:00.⑦问地方Where’s my backpack It’s under the table.⑧问颜色What color are they They are light blue.What’s your favourite color It’s black.⑨问人物Who’s that It’s my sister.Who is the boy in blue My brother.Who isn’t at school Peter and Emma.Who are Lisa and Tim talking to⑩问东西What’s this/that in English It’s a pencil case.What else can you see in the picture I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.11问姓名What’s your aunt’s name Her name is Helen./She’s Helen. What’s your first name My first name’s Ben.What’s your family name My family name’s Smith.12 问哪一个Which do you like I like one in the box.13 问字母What letter is it It’s big D/small f.14 问价格How much are these pants They’re 15 dollars.15 问号码What’s your phone number It’s 576-8349.16 问谓语动作What’s he doing He’s watching TV.17 问职业身份 What do you do What’s your father He’s a doctor.句子结构1.S主+ Vi不及物动词谓Time flies.1 S + V + adverbial状语Birds sing beautifully.2 S + Vi+ prep Phrase介词短语He went on holiday.3 S + Vi+ Infinitive 不定式We stopped to have a rest.4 S + Vi+ Participle 分词I'll go swimming.2. S 主+ Vt 及物动词谓+ O宾We like English.1 S + VT + N/PronI like music.I like her.2 S + VT + infinitive不定式I want to help him.常用于这句型的动词有:attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等;3 S + VT + Wh-Word + InfinitiveI don't know what to do.常用于这句型的动词有:ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn, observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等;4 S + VT + GerundI enjoy living here.常用于这句型的动词有:admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, can't help等;5 S + VT + That-clauseI don't think that he is right.常用于这句型的动词有:Admit, believe, command, confess, declare, demand, deny, doubt, expect, explain, feel觉得, hear听说, hope, imagine, intend, know, mean, mind当心, notice, propose, request, report, say, see看出,show, suggest, suppose, think, understand, wish, wonder觉得奇怪;3. S 主+ V谓lv 系动词+ P表We are Chinese.除了be 系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词,1表感官的动词,feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等;2 表转变变化的动词,become, get, grow, turn, go,等; 3表延续的动词remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest等;4表瞬时的动词come, fall, set, cut, occur等5其他动词eat, lie, prove, ring, run, shine, sit, stand, continue, hang等;1 S + Lv + N/Pron名词/代词He is a boy.This is mine.2 S + Lv + Adj形容词She is beautiful.3 S + Lv + Adv 副词Class is over.4 S + Lv + Prep PhraseHe is in good health.5 S + Lv + Participle分词He is excited.The film is interesting.4. S 主+ VT 谓+ In O间接宾+ D O直接宾I give you help.1 S + VT + N/Pron + NI sent him a book.I bought May a book.2 S + VT + N/Pron + To/for-phraseHe sent a book to me.He bought a coat for me.间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有:allow, bring, deny, do带来, give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等;间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有:bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play演奏,save, sing, spare等;5. S 主+ VT谓+ O宾+ O C宾补I make you clear.1 S + VT + N/Pron + NWe named our baby Tom.常用于这句型的动词有:appoint, call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name, nominate命名;2 S + VT + N/Pron + AdjHe painted the wall white.常用于这句型的动词有:beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn, want, wash, wipe, wish等;3 S + VT + N/Pron + Prep PhraseShe always keeps everything in good order.4 S + VT + N/Pron + InfinitiveI wish you to stay.I made him work常用于这句型的动词有:a不定式带to的词:advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage, expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remain, request, teach, tell, want, warn, wish等;b不定式不带to的词:feel, have, hear, know, let, listen to, look at, make, notice, see, watch等;5 S + VT + N/Pron + Participle 分词I heard my name called.I feel something moving.常用于这句型的动词有:catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice, observe, perceive, see, set, smell, start, watch等;6 S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-word + InfinitiveHe show me how to do it.常用于这句型的动词有:advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell等;7 S + VT + N/Pron + That-clauseHe told me that the film was great.常用于这句型的动词有:assure, inform, promise, remind, teach, tell, warm等;8 S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-ClauseHe asked me what he should do.常用于这句型的动词有:Advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell.三、初一英语语法——时态1、一般现在时表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时,它有:Be 动词:She’s a worker. Is she a worker She isn’t a worker.情态动词:I can play the piano. Can you play the piano I ca n’t play the piano.行为动词:They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch Gina doesn’t have a watch.2、现在进行时表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态,结构为sb be v-ing sth + 其它.I’m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball I’m not playing baseball. Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter Nancy isn’t writing a letter.They’re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music They aren’t list ening to the pop music.一.短语:1 .be from = come from 来自于----2.live in 居住在---3.on weekends 在周末4 .write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信;写信给某人5 .in the world 在世界上in China 在中国6.pen pal 笔友14 years old 14岁favorite subject 最喜欢的科目7.the United States 美国the United Kingdom 英国New York 纽约8.speak English 讲英语like and dislike 爱憎9.go to the movies 去看电影play sports 做运动二.重点句式:1 Where’s your pen pal from = Where does your pen pal from/2 Where does he live3 What languages does he speak4 I want a pen pal in China.5 I can speak English and a little French.6 Please write and tell me about yourself.7 Can you write to me soon8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.三.本单元的国家,人民、语言对应;1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French2 France------ French------French3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese4 Australia----Australian----- English5 the United States------ American---- English6 the United Kingdom---British----- EnghishUnit 2 Where’s the post office一.Asking ways: 问路1.Where is the nearest …… 最近的……在哪里2.Can you tell me the way to …… 你能告诉我去……的路吗3.How can I get to …… 我怎样到达……呢4.Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood 附近有……吗5.Which is the way to …… 哪条是去……的路二.Showing the ways: 指路1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走;2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转;3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它;4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远;5. You’d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去;You’d better+动词原形三.词组1. across from …… 在……的对面across from the bank 在银行的对面2. next to…… 紧靠…… next to the supermarket 紧靠超市3. between……and…… 在……和……之间between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间4. in front of…… 在……前面There is a tree in front of the classroom.课室前面有棵树;in the front of…… 在……内的前部There is a desk in the front of the classroom.课室内的前部有张桌子;5. behind…… 在……后面behind my house 在我家后面6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右边on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边on one’s left/right 在某人的左/右边on my left 在我左边7. go straight 一直走8. down /along…… 沿着……街道down/along Center Street 沿着中央街9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近10 welcome to…… 欢迎来到……11. take /have a walk 散步12. the beginning of…… ……的开始,前端at the beginning of…… 在……的开始,前端in the beginning 起初,一开始13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心,过得愉快我昨天玩得很开心; I had fun yesterday.I had a good time yesterday.I enjoyed myself yesterday.14. have a good trip 旅途愉快15. take a taxi 坐出租车16. 到达:get to +地方get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家arrive in +大地方I arrive in Beijing.arrive at +小地方I arrive at the bank.reach +地方17.go across 从物体表面横过go across the street 横过马路go through 从空间穿过go through the forest 穿过树林18.on + 街道的名称; Eg: on Center Streetat + 具体门牌号+街道的名称Eg: at 6 Center Street三.重难点解析1.enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣,喜爱做某事I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书;到目前为止,我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy,都是要带doing.I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子;2.hope to do sth 希望做某事I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试; hope +从句I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗;从句即是一个小句子,这个小句子又放在大句子中,从属于大句子,所以叫从句;如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句,它又放在I hope 的后面,形成句中有句;3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子;If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱,我就会去月球; If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.如果你饿了的话,你可以在超市买一些食物;四.本单元的反义词、近义词配对1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- smallUnit 3 Why do you like koala bears一.重点词组eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cuteplay with her friends kind of South Africa other animalsat night in the day every day during the day二. 交际用语1. Why do you like pan das Because they’re very clever.2. Why does he like koalas Because they’re kind of interesting.3. Where are lions from They are from South Africa.4. What other animals do you likeI like dogs, too.WhyBecause they’re friendly and clever.5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.6. She’s very shy.7. He is from Australia.8.He sleeps during the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves. 9.He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.10.Let’s see the pandas first.11.They’re kin d of interesting.12.What other animals do you like13.Why do you want to see the lions三. 重点难点释义1、kind of 有点,稍微Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有点害羞;kind 还有“种类”的意思如:各种各样的all kinds ofWe have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.2、China n. 中国Africa n. 非洲China 和Africa都是专有名词,首字母都应该大写,而且和介词in连用;There are many kinds of tigers in China.There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.3、friendly adj. 友好的,和蔼可亲的它是名词friend的形容词形式,常常和be动词连用, be friendly;The people in Chengdu are very friendly.4、with prep. 跟,同,和…在一起I usually play chess with my father.注意区别与and的用法,and通常用于连接主语或宾语,连接主语时,如果有I, I通常放在and 之后,如:My father and I usually play chess together.Play with “和…一起玩耍”“玩…”I often play with my pet dog.Don’t play with water5、day和night 是一对反义词,day 表示白天或一天,night表示夜或夜晚;通常说in the day, during the day, at night;Koala bears often sleep during the day and eat leaves at night.6、leaf n. 叶子复数形式为:leaves, 类似的变化还有:wife—wives, wolf—wolves, knife—knives等;7、hour n. 小时;点钟hour前边通常加上冠词an 表示“一个小时”, 即:an hour;There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.8、be from 来自…be from = come fromPandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.9、meat n. 食用的肉,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修饰,即:much meatHe eats much meat every day.10、grass n. 草,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修饰,即:much grass; There is much grass on the playground.四. 语法知识特殊疑问句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“how old”、“how many”等开头,对某一具体问题进行提问;特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况:1. 疑问句+一般疑问句结构;这是最常见的情况;例如:What’s your grandfather’s telephone number 你爷爷的号码是多少Who is that boy with big eyes 那个大眼睛的男孩是谁Which season do you like best 你最喜欢哪个季节When is he going to play the piano 他什么时候弹钢琴Where does he live 他住在哪儿How are you 你好吗How old are you 你多大了How many brothers and sisters do you have 你有几个兄弟姐妹2. 疑问句+陈述句结构;这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语;例如:Who is on duty today今天谁值日Which man is your teacher哪位男士是你的老师我们学过的What/How about+名词/代词+其他也是特殊疑问句,它是一种省略结构;例如:I like English. What/How about you 我喜欢英语;你呢What about playing basketball 打篮球怎么样Unit 4 I want to be an actor.一.短语:1 want to do sth 想要作某事2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物/ 把某物给某人3 help sb do sth 帮助某人作某事Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.4 help sb with sth 帮助某人谋事Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home5 in the day 在白天6 at night 在晚上7 talk with/ to sb 和----谈话8 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.9 in a hospital 在医院l10 work/ study hard 努力工作11 Evening Newspaper 晚报二.重点句式及注意事项:1 询问职业的特殊疑问词是what;有三种主要句式①What + is / are + sb②What + does/ do + sb + do③What + is/ are + 名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词+ job2 People give me their money or get their money from me.3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.4 I like talking to people.5 I work late. I’m very busy when people go out to dinners.6 Where does your sister work7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.8 Do you want to work for a magazine Then come and work for us as a reporter.9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.三.本单元中的名词复数;。
初中英语语法基础知识大全
初一英语知识点梳理一、基本语法规则1. 句子结构英语句子通常由主语、谓语和宾语构成。
其中主语是句子的主要内容,一般位于句首;谓语是句子的核心,表示动作或状态;宾语是谓语的补充,表示动作的承受者。
例句:I love ice cream.(我爱冰淇淋。
)2. 动词时态英语中有多种动词时态,如一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时等。
根据具体情况选择合适的时态,以准确地表达时间。
例句:He is playing basketball now.(他正在打篮球。
)3. 代词代词用来代替名词,分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词等。
熟记各类代词的用法,可以简化句子结构,使语言更加简洁明了。
例句:This is my book.(这是我的书。
)二、单词和词组1. 常用词汇掌握一些常用的英文单词和词组是学好英语的基础。
如数字、颜色、家庭成员、学校用品、食物等。
平时要多积累,勤于复习,加深记忆。
2. 交际用语学会正确使用一些常用的交际用语,如问候、道歉、邀请、感谢等,以便更好地与他人沟通交流。
例句:Hello! How are you?(你好!你好吗?)三、听力技巧1. 听懂关键词在听力过程中,要学会捕捉关键词,特别是数字、时间、地点等,这将对理解整个对话或文章起到重要的辅助作用。
2. 注意听语音语调通过仔细倾听说话者的语音语调,可以获取更多信息。
有时,语调的变化会暗示着说话者的情感或意图。
3. 学会推断在听力材料不完整或有遗漏时,要学会根据上下文和自身经验进行推断,以得出正确答案。
四、阅读技巧1. 阅读题目先行在阅读文章前,先浏览题目要求,了解问题的内容和形式,以便更有针对性地阅读文章,提高答题准确率。
2. 理解关键句子仔细阅读并理解文章中的关键句子,这些句子通常包含了作者的主要观点和意图。
可以通过划线、标记等方式来加强记忆。
3. 掌握词汇短语在阅读过程中,遇到不认识的单词或词组时,要尽量通过上下文来推测出其含义,以便更好地理解句子和文章的意思。
初一上册英语知识点语法
初一上册英语知识点语法一、一般现在时表示经常性的动作或存在的状态,常用的时间状语有:always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day, once a week等。
在句子中,谓语动词的形式取决于主语的人称和数。
当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要加-s或-es;当主语是非第三人称单数时,谓语动词用原形。
例如:He always gets up early. (他总是早起。
)They often play football after school. (他们放学后经常踢足球。
)二、现在进行时表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态,常用的时间状语有:now, at this moment等。
在句子中,谓语动词由“be动词(am/is/are)+动词-ing形式”构成。
例如:They are having an English class now. (他们现在正在上英语课。
)三、情态动词can的用法can表示能力或许可,后面跟动词原形。
例如:Can you swim? (你会游泳吗?)You can't play football in the classroom. (你们不能在教室里踢足球。
)四、动词be的用法be动词有三种形式:am, is, are。
主语是第一人称单数时用am;主语是第三人称单数时用is;主语是第二人称或复数时用are。
be动词与后面的表语一起构成系表结构,表示主语的状态或特征。
例如:I am a student. (我是一名学生。
)He is tall and thin. (他又高又瘦。
)五、代词初一上册英语中涉及到的代词有人称代词、物主代词、指示代词等。
学生需要掌握这些代词的用法和区别。
例如:人称代词:I, you, he, she, it, we, they等。
物主代词:my, your, his, her, its, our, their等。
初中英语语法知识点大全+记忆口诀+易错题100道
初中英语语法知识点大全+记忆口诀+易错题100道初中英语语法知识点大全初中英语记忆口诀1.be的用法口诀我用am,你用are,is连着他,她,它;单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。
换个问题,去前提,不要丢弃句末的问号。
变否定,更容易,be后not莫忘记。
你可以改变你的怀疑和否定,不要犹豫,第一句话要大写。
2. 时间名词前所用介词的速记歌年月周前要用in,日子前面却不行。
遇到几号要用on,上午下午又是in。
要说某日上下午,用on换in才能行。
午夜黄昏须用at,黎明用它也不错。
at也用在明分前,说差可要用上to,说过只可使用past,多说多练牢牢记,莫让岁月空蹉跎。
3. 可数名词的复数变化规律名词复数有规律,一般词尾加s;辅音字母 y型,变y为i,es;ch,sh真有趣,s,x,es;f,fe真小气,字母v来把它替,es在后别忘记;字母o来真神奇,有生命来es,没有生命 s.4. 可数名词复数特殊变化规律中国和日本的朋友来参加聚会,羊、鹿和鱼带回家。
男士、女士a变e;牙(齿)、脚双o变双e;孩子们想去天安门,原形后面r、 e 、n;老鼠本来爱大米,mice,ice和rice.注:中Chinese,日Japanese,好友people。
绵羊sheep,鹿deer,鱼fish (这些单词单复数一样)man-men;woman-women;tooth-teeth;foot-feet,child-children;mouse--mice5. 一般现在时态① we、you、they作主语,动词原形后面跟;否定句,更容易,动词前面加don't;疑问句,别着急,句首Do,来帮你,后面问号别忘记;肯定回答用Yes,I、we、you、they加上do;否定回答要用No,I、we、you、they加don't.② 主语三单他、她、它,动三形式后面压,词尾一般s加;辅音字母 y型,变y为i,es;ch,sh真有趣,s,x,es;③ 三个特殊哪里去?has、goes和does;否定句,记住它,动词前面doesn't;疑问句,别着急,句首Does,来帮你;肯定回答用Yes,he、she、it加does;否定回答要用No,he、she、it、doesn't;Does、doesn't来帮你,后面动词定注意,恢复原形要切记。
初一英语语法点
初一英语语法点
以下是部分语法点的详细说明:
名词:表示人或事物的词,如桌子、椅子、爱、北京等。
代词:用来代替名词的词,以避免重复。
如人称代词“我、你、他”,物主代词“我的、你的、他的”,指示代词“这个、那个”,疑问代词“谁、什么”,不定代词“一些、许多”等。
动词:表示动作或状态的词。
如行为动词“跑、跳”,状态动词“在家、在学校”,助动词“要、能”,情态动词“应该、会”等。
形容词:用来修饰名词的词,描述名词的特征。
如“漂亮的、高的、红的”等。
副词:用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的词。
如“快速地、非常、很久以前”等。
介词:表示位置、方向、时间、原因等关系的词。
如“在、向、在…之前”等。
连词:用来连接词、短语或句子的词。
如“和、或、但是、虽然…但是…”等。
冠词:用在名词前,帮助说明名词的种类或范围。
如定冠词“the”,不定冠词“a/an”。
情态动词:表示说话人的态度或意愿的词。
如“应该、能、应当”等。
初一英语重点语法知识点总结
初一英语重点语法知识点总结重点语法:不定代词:不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。
用法注意1.some 和any+可数名/不可数名。
some 多用于肯定句,any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。
有些问句中用some,不用any, 问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。
2. 由some, any, no,every 与 body, one, thing构成的复合不定代词作主语时,其谓语动词用三单。
3. 不定代词若有定语修饰,该定语要置于其后:如:something interesting重点短语:1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物2. taste + adj. 尝起来……3. nothing...but + V.(原形)除了……之外什么都没有4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方到达某地6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 开始做某事=begin doing sth.11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事区分:stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事12. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事14. so + adj + that + 从句如此……以至于……16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要) 做某事17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘记做过某事词语辨析:1. take a photo/ take photos 拍照quite a few+名词复数“许多…”2. seem + 形容词看起来…... You seem happy today.seem + to do sth. 似乎/好像做某事 I seem to have a coldIt seems + 从句似乎..…. It seems that no one believe you.seem like ... 好像,似乎….. It seems like a good idea.3. arrive in +大地点= get to= reach+地点名“到达......”arrive at +小地点(注:若后跟地点副词here/there/home, 介词需省略,如:arrive here; get home)4. feel like sth 感觉像…feel doing sth. 想要做某事5. wonder(想知道)+疑问词(who, what, why)引导的从句。
初一英语所有语法知识点总结归纳
初一英语所有语法知识点总结归纳初一英语是英语学习的基础阶段,语法作为英语学习的核心部分,需要我们进行深入理解和掌握。
本文将详细总结初一英语的所有语法知识点,帮助大家更好地理解和应用这些语法规则。
一、一般现在时一般现在时是初一英语中最基本的时态之一,主要用于表示经常性、习惯性或客观存在的动作或状态。
其主要形式是主语+谓语(动词原形),但有时会通过添加助动词或情态动词进行变化。
1. 肯定句:主语+动词原形(第三人称单数加s/es)+其他。
2. 否定句:主语+ don't/doesn't+动词原形+其他。
3. 疑问句:Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他?例如:He goes to school every day.(他每天上学。
)肯定句的否定形式可以在助动词 do/does 后加 not 构成don't/doesn't。
疑问句需要将助动词 Do/Does 放在句首。
二、现在进行时现在进行时用于描述当前正在发生的事情或正在进行的动作,具有强调当前和生动形象的特点。
其形式为主语+ am/is/are +动词的现在分词+其他。
1. 肯定句:主语+ am/is/are +动词的现在分词+其他。
2. 否定句:主语+ am/is/are + not +动词的现在分词+其他。
3. 疑问句:Are/Is + 主语+动词的现在分词+其他?例如:They are playing football now.(他们正在踢足球。
)否定句和疑问句的构成与一般现在时相似,只是在 be 动词后添加了 not 或 are/is/am。
三、一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事情,常与表示过去的时间状语连用,如 yesterday,last week 等。
其形式为主语+谓语(动词的过去式),be 动词的过去式也可以用于表示过去的状态或事实。
1. 肯定句:主语+谓语(动词的过去式)+其他。
2. 否定句:主语+ didn't +谓语(动词的原形)+其他。
七年级英语语法大全
七年级英语语法大全【一般现在时】.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
动词用原形(单三人称动词加s / es)(问句和否定句借用助词do / does)【一般过去时】概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
动词用过去式(问句和否定句借用助词did)【现在进行时】概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
am +动词-ingis +动词-ingare +动词-ing【过去进行时】概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
was +动词-ingwere +动词-ing【一般将来时】概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
(1)will + 动词原形(2)am +going to+动词原形Is +going to+动词原形are +going to+动词原形【过去将来时】概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
(1)would + 动词原形(2)was +going to+动词原形were +going to+动词原形【现在完成时】概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
have +过去分词has +过去分词【过去完成时】概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
had +过去分词1. 不定式定义:由to+动词原形构成。
不定式是一种非限定性动词。
而非限定动词是指那些在句中不能单独充当谓语的动词,可分为不定式,动名词,现在分词和过去分词。
2.用途:在句中不能作谓语。
它具有动词的性质,本身可以带宾语和状语。
【动词不定式】1.定义:动词 + 不定式2.用途:动词不定式在句中可以作句子任何成分。
动词不定式的被动形式除了一般形式外还有其完成式和进行式。
[编辑本段][动词不定式的时态、语态]动词不定式可以作以上各种成分,但它毕竟是动词,所以有动词的属性动词不定式及其短语还可以有自己的宾语、状语,虽然动词不定式在语法上没有表面上的直接主语,但它表达的意义是动作,这一动作一定由使动者发出。
初一英语期末必考12个语法知识点
初一英语期末必考12个语法知识点初一英语期末必考12个语法知识点一. 动词be(is,am,are)的用法我(I)用am, 你(you)用are,is跟着他(he)、她(she)、它(it)。
单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。
变否定,更容易,be后not加上去。
变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。
还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘记。
二. this,that和it用法(1)this和that是指示代词,it是人称代词。
(2)距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。
如:This is a flower. 这是一朵花。
(近处)That is a tree. 那是一棵树。
(远处)(3)放在一起的两样东西,先说this, 后说that。
如:This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。
那是一支铅笔。
(4)向别人介绍某人时说This is…, 不说That is…。
如:This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦。
海伦,这是汤姆。
(5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。
如:This is a bike. That’s a car. 这是一辆自行车。
那是一辆轿车。
(6)打电话时,介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。
如:—Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂,是格林小姐吗?—Yes, this is. Who’s that? 是的,我是,你是谁?注意:虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”,但英语中打电话时绝不可以说:I am…, Are you…?/Who are you?(7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。
如:①—Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗?—Yes, it is. 是的,它是。
②—What’s that? 那是什么?—It’s a kite. 是只风筝。
初一英语必备语法知识点归纳
初一英语必备语法知识点归纳英语语法是英语学习内容里面最难学的局部,同时也是最重要的局部,想知道初一有哪些语法学问要学吗?下面是我为大家整理的关于初一英语必备语法学问点归纳,盼望对您有所协助。
欢送大家阅读参考学习!初一英语语法学问总结名词全部格1. 名词在句子中表示全部关系,所属关系常用名词全部格。
两种形式:(1)名词词尾加s,主要用于有生命的名词Toms mother the teachers desk(2)of+名词,主要用于无生命的名词。
the wall of the classroom2. s属格的构成方法:(1)单数名词在末尾加s the boys backpack the womans computer(2)以s或es 结尾的名词只在词尾加“”the boys backpacks my boss office(3)复数名词后一般只加不规那么的复数名词加sthe girls books the childrens soccers(4)表示几个名词各自的全部关系时,名词末尾都加Toms and Jacks books Lucys and Lilys rooms(5)表示几个名词共有的,应在最终一个词后加sTom and Jacks mother Lucy and Lilys room(6)表示时间、距离、重量、国家、城市等无生命的名词后也可以加s表示其全部关系an hours walk the citys parks(7)在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时,名词全部格的后面时时不出现它所修饰的名词。
my uncles (house) the doctors(office)初一英语语法学问要点句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,答复是“谁”或者“什么”。
通常用名词或代词担当。
如:Im Miss Green.2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,答复“做(什么)”。
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人教版七年级(上册)英语知识点第一块国际音标国际音标是一种工具,其作用是标记英语字母和单词的读音。
1、20个元音单元音:/i:/Ee、/з:/her /u:/do/I/it /ә/about /u/book/ɑ:/are //or /æ/any//us //off /e/at双元音://Ii //out //ear//Aa,//Oo //air//boy //sure2、28辅音:成对的清浊辅音:/p/map /t/it /k/book /f/off /θ/math /s/yes /b/club /d/dad /g/big /v/have /ð/this /z/zoo//fish //watch /tr/tree /ts/its//usually //orange /dr/dress /dz/beds其他辅音:/m/am /n/and //English /l/like/h/hello /r/red /w/what /j/yes3、国际音标拼读规则:辅见元,碰一碰。
/l/在前,发本音;音节后面卷下舌。
/p/、/t/、/k/、/tr /清辅音,/s/后读成浊辅音。
本块词汇:speak说讲start开始school学校 s trict严格的out外面club俱乐部usually通常 dress化妆about关于大约us我们her她的ear耳朵English英语sure当然可以air空气or或者any一些boy男孩orange橙子,桔子map地图tree树math数学 off离开watch观看手表do做like喜欢 beds床what什么hello喂是的red红色的yes是的 book书its它的 zoo动物园fish鱼dad爸爸big大的have有this这it它Starter unit1-3一、文化常识1、英语文化区域,熟人之间见面,常要互相问好。
早上用语Good morning !下午用语Good afternoon ! 晚上用语Good evening ! 例如:(1) Bob: Good morning , Helen !Helen : Good morning , Bob !(2) Bob : Good afternoon , Helen !Helen : Good afternoon , Bob ! ( 注意句子标点)(3) Bob : Good evening , Helen !Helen : Good evening , Bob !2、在轻松场合中,人们常用Hello 或者Hi 打招呼,但是两人用语要一致,不能一个人用Hello,另一个人用Hi 。
例如:(1)Helen : Hi , Bob ! Bob : Hi , Helen !(2)Helen : Hello , Bob ! Bob : Hello , Helen !二、几个功能句型1、问答“身体健康”用语Bob : Hi , Helen ! How are you ? 喂,海伦!你好吗?Helen : Hi , Bob ! I’m fine , thanks . How are you ?= I’m OK ↘对方关心你的健康,↘你也要询问对方的健康。
可= I’m well 一定要向对方说谢谢。
以用简略语言:And you ?Bob : I’m fine , too . 我也很好。
2、2、问一个东西“英语名字”的常用句型Helen : What’s this / that in English ? 这个用英语怎么说?↘(答句中,一定用it 代替this / that)Bob : It’s a / an + 英语名称。
( key jachet quilt orange ruler pen )Helen : Spell it , please . ( = How do you spell it ? ) 请拼写它。
(= 你怎样拼写它?)Bob : K- E-Y . (拼写单词,用大写字母,并且字母与字母之间用连字符连接)3、问一个东西颜色的常用句型:Helen : What color is it ?Bob : It is + 颜色。
三、1、不定冠词a 与an 的区别a用在辅音开头的单词前,an用在元音开头的单词前。
例如a pen 一支钢笔;an apple 一个苹果a book 一本书an hour 一小时a “u”一个字母“u”an orange一个橙子;;2、指示代词this 与that 的区别this 指代近处的人或物,that指代远处的人或物。
本块习题:1、写出同义词或同义句Hello !_________ I’m fine . __________ Thanks . _________Spell it , please ._______________________2、写出下列词的缩略形式I am ______ what is ________ it is _________3、补全对话(1)、A: Hi , Helen ! How are you ?B : _______ , Bob ! ______ ______ well , ______ ______ . ______ _______ ?A: I’m ______ , _______ .(2) 、A: What’s this _______English ? B : _______ is ______ jachet .(3)、A : What ______ is it ? B : It______ green .4、改错(1)、---What is it ? ---It is an “u” .(2)、---What’s that in English ? ---That is a quilt .(3)、---What’s this in English ? ---This is a key .(4)、This is an ruler , that is a orange .本块词汇:map 地图key钥匙jacket 夹克衫quilt被子orange橙子ruler尺子pen 钢笔color颜色red红色的yellow黄色的green绿色的blue蓝色的black黑色的white白色的this这个that那个spell拼写apple苹果hour小时Unit 1 My name’s Gina一、what is , 缩略式what’s , 表示“是什么”。
问“某人的名字是什么”、“某人的姓是什么”、“某人的电话号码是什么”,都用what is 。
1、问某人的名字句型问句: What’s your name ?答句:My name’s + 名字。
his hisher her2、问某人的姓句型问句: What’s your family name ?答句:My family name’s + 名字。
his = last name hisher her3、问某人的姓的句型问句: What’s your first name ?答句:My first name’s + 名字。
his hisher her4、问某人电话号码的句型问句: What’s your telephone number ?答句:It is + 电话号码。
hisher5、Nice to meet you ! ( 见到你真高兴!) 是“陌生人”见面客套用语。
对方答语只能是Nice to meet you , too .( 见到你也真高兴)Nice to see you ! (见到你真高兴!) 是“熟人”见面客套用语。
对方答语只能是Nice to see you , too . ( 见到你也真高兴)二、文化常识:英语人名(1)、英语人名由三部分组成:第一个名字+ 第二个名字+ 姓。
first name middle name family name= last name(2)、英语人名最突出的特点是:名在前,姓在后,第二个名字不常说。
例如:1.Gina Green 吉娜. 格林first name family name = last name2. Jim Smithfirst name family name = last name(3)、尊敬、客气地称呼一个人,常用方式是:Mr 或Mrs 或Miss + 姓。
Gina Green 我们可以称呼为Miss Green 。
Jim Smith可以称呼为Mr Green三、形容词性物主代词表示“某人的”、修饰名词的代词叫形容词物主代词。
主格人称代词I you he she it we you they汉语我你他她它我们你们他们形容词物主代词 my your his her its our your their汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的本块习题1、name is (缩略式)_______ boy (对应词)_______last name (同义词)_______ telephone number (同义词)_______ my (主格人称代词)_______ you (形容词性物主代词)_______2、补全句子A:_________________ B: My name’s Mary .A:What’s his name ? B: _____________Jim .A:_________________? B: My telephone number is 3968.3.根据括号中的答案,用完整句子回答问题。
1.What’s your name ? ( Mary )_______________________2.What’s his name ? ( Jim )_______________________3.What’s his last name ( Green )?_______________________4.What’s her phone number( 92931 ) ?_______________________本块词汇:my我的your你的his他的her她的its 它的our我们的their他们的meet 遇见see看见we 我们they 他们zero 零one 一two二three 三four四five 五six六seven七eight 八nine九ten 十first name 名字middle name 中间名字nice好的高兴的telephone number= phone number电话号码family name = last name 姓Unit 2 Is this your pencil ?一、be 有三个形式:am is are 。