句子成分划分及英语中的基本句型

合集下载

英语句子成分和五种基本句型

句子成份英语句子成分有主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，表语，定语，状语等。

顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。

1、主语：表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般位于句首。

但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例如：Country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）2、谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。

可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。

1)简单谓语： We study for the people.2)复合谓语： I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He hasgone to Beijing..3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。

My sister is a nurse.Is it yours?（代词）The weather has turned cold.（形容词）The speech is exciting.（分词）Three times seven is twenty one?（数词）His job is to teach English.（不定式）His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词）The ruler must be in your box.（介词短语）Time is up. The class is over.（副词）The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，We like English.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（数词）They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词）It began to rain.（不定式短语）I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语）I think（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句）有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。

英语基本五大句型以及成分讲解

（五）宾语
• 宾语（Object）表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如： 1.He is doing his homework.
（名词）
2.The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time. （代词、动名词） 3.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.
（四）表语
• 表语(Predicative)
• 用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。 • 表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语及表语从句表示。例如：
（不定式短语）
4.He is in the room making a model plane.
（分词短语）
5.Wait a minute.
（名词）
6.Once you begin, you must continue.
（状语从句）
9种状语种类如下：
1. How about meeting again at six? （时间状语） st night she didn’t go to the dance party （原因状语） because of the rain. 3.I shall go there if it doesn’t rain. （条件状语） 4.Mr Smith lives on the third floor. （地点状语） 5.She put the eggs into the basket with great care. （方式状语）

句子成分划分及英语中的基本句型

G r a m m a r o f U n i t 1Different parts of a sentence概念句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的;组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分;句子的成分包括：主语、谓语、表语、宾语直接和间接宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语;主语和谓语是句子的主体部分在英语中,一般句子必须有主语和谓语,表语、宾语和宾语的补足语是谓语里的组成部分;其他成份如定语和状语是句子的次要成分;▲句子成分分类1．主语主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”;一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当,也有从句充当的现象;大多数主语都在句首;如：讲述“谁”We work in a big factory.讲述“什么”The classroom is very big.数词作主语Three are enough. 三个人就够了不定式作主语To operate on the blind is one of the ORBIS Doctor’s job.从句作主语What we need is food. 我们最需要的是食物.▲在“There be …”句型中,主语的位置在中间;如：There are some bottles of milk in the box.▲在个别句型中,主语在整个句子后面,这时前面用it作形式主语;如：It is very interesting to play the game called “treat or trick”.It took two workers about three months to build the house.2．谓语谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,谓语必须是动词,谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致;如：He is very generous.She looks very smart and coolWe have finished the job.He can speak German.3．表语表语说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、介词、副词、不定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当,它的位置在系动词后面;形容词作表语You look younger than before.名词作表语My father is a teacher.副词作表语Everyone is here.介词短语作表语They are at the theatre.不定式作表语My job is to teach them English.动名词作表语Her job is training the nurses.从句作表语That is why he didn’t come to school yesterday.4．宾语▲宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式、或相当于名词的词或短语或从句来充当,它和谓语动词一起说明主语是什么,通常放在谓语动词后面;有时,会有双宾语;如：名词作宾语He never forgives others for their mistakes.代词做宾语He often helps me.不定式作宾语He likes to sleep in the open air.动名词作宾语The Americans enjoyed living in China.从句做宾语I believe that they can finish the work in time.▲直接宾语和间接宾语及物动词作谓语时,后面要跟宾语,宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语;直接宾语是及物动词的对象;但有些动词除了直接宾语外,还需要有一个间接宾语,间接宾语表语动作是对谁做的,所以只能用名词或代词来充当;如：We brought them some food.主谓间宾直宾间接宾语可以放在直接宾语后面,但必须加to 或 for;5．宾语的补足语在英语的句子中有些句子里只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思,还必须在宾语后面加上宾语的补足语才能表达完整的意思;我们把“宾语＋宾语补足语”合起来称为复合宾语;复合宾语所表达的意思相当于一个巨资的意思;名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词都可以作宾语补足语.如:名词作宾补If you let me go, I’ll make you king.形容词作宾补Don’t make your hands dirty.副词作宾补We found Li Ming out when we arrived.介词短语作宾补Make yourself at home.省略to的不定式作宾补I saw a girl go into the building.带to的不定式作宾补The boy ordered the dog to lie down.现在分词作宾补The boss kept them working all day.过去分词作宾补Yesterday he got his leg broken.在英语中,常见的“宾语＋宾语补足语”的结构有：▲“宾语+名词”;常用于改结构的动词有：call, name, make, find, choose, think, leave等;We call him Jack.They made Li Lei their monitor.▲“宾语+形容词”;常见的动词有think, believe, leave, drive, make, keep, turn, wish, want等;如：Do you think his idea wrongWe must keep our classroom clean.We can’t leave him alone.Can you get everything ready for the party before Friday▲“宾语+副词”;副词作宾补常表示宾语的状态,与宾语有逻辑上的主表关系;常见的副词有：down, up, here, there, home, in, out, anywhere等;如： Let him in/ out.Mr. Li drove us home.When got there, we found him out.▲“宾语+介词短语”;介词短语作宾补常表示其逻辑主语即宾语所处的状态,两者有主表的关系;如：We found everything in good order.We regard him as our good friend.He opened the door and found some of his friends in the rain.▲“宾语+不定式”;充当宾补的不定式有三种：A 要求带to的不定式The cool water of the lake invited us to swim.B 要求不带to 的不定式 let, make, see, hear, watch等The boss made the workers work 12 hours a day.I often hear him read English in his room.C 单词help 后可加 to 或不加 toShe sometimes helps her mother to do housework.▲“宾语+现在分词”;现在分词作宾补,此时在该句型中的宾语即为现在分词逻辑上的主语,有着主谓关系;I saw them playing on the playground.I heard Mary singing in the classroom.▲“宾语+过去分词”;宾语和宾补之间是被动关系,过去分词表示被动和完成;I had my bike stolen.The teacher explained again and again to make himself understood.▲形式宾语＋形容词We found it impossible to get there before Saturday.▲宾语+what 从句Call me what you like.Mr. Li has made the factory what it is today.The mountain village is different from what it was ten years ago. 6．定语▲定语用来修饰名词或代词;形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不定式或相当于形容词的词或短语等都可以充当定语;因为它是修饰名词或代词的,而名词和代词可以作主语、表语或宾语,所以定语的位置很灵活,凡是有名词、代词的地方都可以有定语;如：形容词作定语The black bike is mine.代词作定语What’s your name名词作定语They made some paper flowers.介词短语作定语The boys in the room are in Class Three, Grade One.不定式作短语I have lots to eat and drink.从句作定语The tall boy who is standing there is Peter.▲在英语中,并不是所有的定语都放在被修饰词的前面,有的是放在被修饰词的后面,故称“后置定语”;▲修饰不定代词 something, anything, nothing, something, anyone, somebody, anybody, nobody 的定语必须后置;如：We’ll go to have something English.If you don’t know the answer, ask someone else.Do you have anything important to tell me▲介词短语作定语时要后置;如：Do you know the boy behind the treeThe students in the room are all my friends.I think the picture on the left is better than the one on the right.▲动词的不定式作定语时要后置What about something to drinkI have no time to travel to China is in Autumn or in Spring.动词不定式作主语时,to 后面的动词必须是及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语;如果时短语时,那么与动词搭配的介词或副词是不能少的;Do you have any piece of music to listen to▲nearby, below, downstairs等个别方位词作定语时要后置;如：We are at the top of the hill. Can you see the village belowThe people downstairs are listening to a talk nowThey took the boy to the hospital nearby at once.7．状语状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词;它表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等,一般由副词、介词短语、不定式,从句或相当于副词的词或短语来充当;状语一般放在句末,但有时也可以放在句首、句中;如：He did it carefullyThey missed me very much.Without his help, we couldn’t work it out.In order to catch up with my classmates, I must study hard.When I was young, I could swim well.。

英语句子成分和五种基本句型

以上两个句型可以互换： He gave me a pen.=He gave a pen to me. He will buy me some books.=he will buy some books for me. She made me a cake.=she made a cake for me. 4. “疑问词+不定式”作直宾 He taught me how to read the word. She asked me which way to go. I told him what to do. He asked me why to sing this song.
宾语补足语
在英语中，有些句子里只有宾语并不能表达
完整的意思，还必须在宾语后面加上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思。我们把“宾语+宾语补足语”称为复合宾语。名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词都可以做宾语补足语。通常位于宾语之后。
If
you let me go, I will make you king. Leave the door open. We found Li Ming out when we arrived. Make yourself at home. The manager asked him to wait. I saw her enter the shopping mall. The boss kept him working all day. Yesterday he got his leg broken.

状语
状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。一般表示行
为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义，常由副词、介词短语、不定式、句子或相当于副词的词或短语来表示。一般放在句末，有时可以放在句首、句中。 He did it carefully. Without his help, we couldn’t work it out. (In order) to catch up with my classmates, I must study hard. Just as I was leaving, the phone rang again.

英文句子成分及基本句型

can call Internet addicts a Webaholic. hurts.
五种句子类型
I the internet We Internet chatting
am a Webaholic. is interesting. like chatting online. brings me a lot of fun.
2. 主+系动词+主语补足语（或称表语） SVC---subject+linking verb+ subjective complement
He looks happy.
这种动词后面连接的成分是用来说明主语的特点，表明主语的性质特征。
Linking Verb.这种动词并没有具体的动作，而是起连接主语和后边的成分的作用。 Q: 如何区分主系表和主谓状两种句型？ He shouted loudly. He looks happy.
He showed the guard his passport. I will buy you a meal. ditransitive verb : 这种动词后面所接的成分有人又有物。一般这里的人表示动作的接受者，称作间接宾语（Indirect Object）。“物”表示动作作用的对象，是动作的承受着，称作直接宾语（Direct Object）。间接宾语和直接宾语合起来称作双宾语。
He died. These children are playing.
Intransitive Verb. (vi) 这种动词所表示的动作没有作用对象，其本身意思完整，其后不需带宾语。
SVA (subject + verb + adverbial) e.g He shouted loudly. e.g I live in Beijing.

英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型

英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型一、英语句子成分根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。

其中，主语和谓语是句子的主要成分，一般情况下，一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。

现将不同句子成分的用法列举如下：1. 主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，置于句首。

如：It's getting cold. 天冷起来了。

Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。

The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。

2. 谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。

如：Mother bought me a birthday present. 妈给我买了个生日礼物。

We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。

3. 表语：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当，位于系动词之后，形成英语独有的主系表结构。

如：Be careful! 小心!All the students are lovely. 所有的学生都很可爱。

He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。

4. 宾语：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于动词之后。

如：He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。

She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。

5. 宾语补足语：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。

如：He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。

I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。

英语句子成分和基本句型(PDF版)

表：
动词分类
动词分类 1
动词分类 2
1、不及物动词
1、不带宾语的动词
2、带一个宾语的及物动词
2、及物动词
3、带两个宾语的及物动词
4、带宾语和宾语补足语的及物动词
3、连系动词
5、带主语补足语（表语）的动词
从本表中我们看到，动词可以分为五类，因而就决定了英语的五种基本句型。英语的五种基本句型与上述动词分
基本句型一：Ｓ+ Ｖ（主＋谓）
Ｓ│Ｖ（不及物动词）
1.
Thesun│isshining.
2.Theboy│getsup.3.Weall│eat,anddrink.
主语可有修饰语-定语，谓语可有修饰语-状语。
如:1.Theredsunrisesintheeast.
2.Wegotupearlysoastocatchthefirstbus.
19.Ifoundthebookeasy. 20.Tom foundJim anapartment 21.WefoundJohnaloyal(忠心的）friend.
【课后强化巩固练习】
判断下列句子属于何种句型并翻译成汉语：
1.Iusuallycometoschoolbysubway. 2.Yournewbikelooksverynice! 3.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm. 4.Heusuallyplayssoccer,buthedoesn’tplaybasketball. 5.I’m makingcards,butit’sboring. 6.Theyaredoingsomecleaninginthelab. 7.IthinkyoumustlikeEnglishverymuch. 8.Myfavoritesubjectishistory. 9.Myteachersandclassmatesareverykindtome. 10.Thereisastudynexttomybedroom. 11.Don’tputthemthere. 12.Youmustlookafteryourthings. 13.Manyfamilywithyoungchildrenlivehere,too. 14.Theairisfreshandlifeisquietinthecountryside. 15.Myfriendswanttohaveabirthdaypartyforme. 16.ItwasMay13th. 17.Icancook,butIcan’tdrawpictures. 18.I’dliketotaketheseflowerstotheparty. 19.Ican’tcountsomanyflowers. 20.Shecandoitverywell. 21.Oneyearago,shecouldn’tdoitatall. 22.Webroughtmanypresentsforhim. 23.EachofusgaveKangkangabirthdaycard. 24.It’sagoodseasonforflyingkite. 25.You’dbetterknowabouttheweatherindifferentplacesinAugust. 26.InmostareasofChina,itisveryhot. 27.Isawyouplaybasketballalmosteverydayduringthesummerholidays. 28.Shedoeswellin(playing)baseball. 29.I’m sureourteam willwinnexttime. 30..Heinventedanindoorgameforhisstudentssothattheycouldplayiteveninbadweather.

句子的成分和基本句型

句子的成分和基本句型句子的成分和基本句型句子成分：组成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。

英语的句子成分和中文的句子成分大致相同，可分为：主语，谓语，宾语，表语，定语，状语，宾语补语。

一、主语——表明句子里所谈的是：“什么人”或“什么物”，主语常用名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语充当。

例如:Lilylikeshernewbike.(名词)莉莉喜欢她的新自行车。

hegetsupearlyeveryday.(代词)他每天都起得很早。

Tolearnenglishwellisnoteasy.(不定式短语)学好英语不容易。

二、谓语——说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”，英语中谓语只能用动词充当。

例如：weworkhard.我们努力工作。

Theboycaughtabird.那个男孩逮住一只鸟。

heismyfather.他是我父亲。

Theyalllookfine.他们都很好。

谓语和主语在人称和数方面必须保持一致。

例如：Iamreading.Youarereading.he\sheisreading.wearereading.三、宾语——宾语是动作行为的对象。

由名词、代词或相当于名词或代词的词或短语充当，和及物动词一起构成谓语，说明主语“做什么”。

例如：Tomboughtastory-book.(名词)汤姆买了一本故事书。

Isawhimyesterday.(代词)昨天我看到他了。

hewantedtohaveacupoftea.(不定式短语)他想要一杯茶。

直接宾语和间接宾语——有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫作间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。

合称双宾。

例如：hegavemesomeink.他给了我一些墨水。

间接宾语直接宾语ourteachertoldusaninterestingstory.老师给我妈讲了一个有趣的故事。

英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型

英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型一、英语句子成分根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。

其中，主语和谓语是句子的主要成分，一般情况下，一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。

现将不同句子成分的用法列举如下：1. 主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，置于句首。

如：It's getting cold. 天冷起来了。

Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。

The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。

2. 谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。

如：Mother bought me a birthday present. 妈给我买了个生日礼物。

We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。

如：Be careful! 小心!All the students are lovely. 所有的学生都很可爱。

He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。

4. 宾语：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于动词之后。

如：He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。

She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。

5. 宾语补足语：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。

如：He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。

I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。

英语句子成分及五种基本句型

1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。
2. The dinner smells good.
午餐的气味很好。
3. Everything looks different.
一切看来都不同了。
4. He is growing tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮
小结
谓语是句子的躯干,说明主语的动作. 谓语动词随着主语的不同而变化, 随着时间的不同而变化, 随着与主语的不同关系( 主动关系和被动关系)而变化, 总之,时时在变.
谓语有三种不同的形式:
1) 动词
They planted many trees on the hill .
2) 情态动词 + 动词 You must stay at home .
形容词
The teacher was satisfied with your work.
They are at home now.
介词短语
My job is to teach English.
不定式
Seeing is believing.
动名词
基本句型2: 主+系+表
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点: 句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。
七种句子基本成分:
I saw a tall boy take your
主谓
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
定宾补
book just now.
状
五种基本句型:
1 主+谓 2 主+系+表 3 主+谓+宾 4 主+谓+间宾+直宾 5 主+谓+宾+宾补

英语的句子成分及五大基本句型

基本句型二：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｐ.（主＋系＋表）这种句型结构主要指谓语动词为连系动词的情况。如： She is Peter's sister. 她是彼得的妹妹。 That dog looks dangerous. 那只狗看起来很危险。
基本句型三：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）英语中绝大多数及物动词只带一个宾语，这种动词叫单宾语及物动词。如： Everyone likes him. 大家都喜欢他。 We study English and French. 我们学习英语和法语。

定语：定语为句子的次要成分，起修饰限制名词或代词的作用，可分为前置定语和后置定语。一般由形容词性物主代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词(短语) 或句子充当。例： His father is a doctor. 他父亲是一名医生。 Mr. Green has two sons. 格林先生有两个儿子。 The girl under the tree is Kate. 在树底下的那个女孩是凯特。 The man downstairs couldn’t sleep well. I bought a new dictionary. 我买了本新字典。 Can you find out the answer to the question？ A barking dog seldom bites. 吠狗很少咬人。 A man going to die is always kind-hearted. The suggestion sent to the committee was adopted. Do you know the man who is standing next to Mr. Green?

英语句子的基本句型和成分

英语句子的基本句型和成分一、五大基本句型1. 主谓（SV）：The little girl smiled.S V2. 主谓宾（SVO）：Everybody likes it.S V O3. 主谓双宾（SVOO）：My father bought me a new computer.S V IO DOMy father bought a new computer for me.S V DO IO4. 主谓宾宾补（SVOC）：The old lady keeps her house clean.S V O C5. 主谓补（SVC）（又名主系表）：The chilcken tastes great!S V C二、7大句子成分①主语②谓语③宾语④表语⑤宾补⑥定语⑦状语主语（Subject ）句子的主体，全句述说的对象。

一般由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句担任，常至于句首。

如：I love you. The boy needs a pen.【活学活用1】句子成分例句主语形式主语People put different kinds of food into it. Hot Pot is famous….名词名词短语 Eating too much meat and seafood is harmful to our health.To see is to believe. Do you like hot pot?It is necessary (for us) to learn English .It took him five hours to fly to Guangzhou .形式主语: ______ 真正主语:__________________谓语（predicate ）说明主语的动作和状态。

由动词担任，常至于主语后面。

如：I love you. The boy needs a pen.【活学活用2】宾语（object ）表示动词的动作对象。

英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型

其中，主语和谓语是句子的主要成分，一般情况下，一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。

现将不同句子成分的用法列举如下：1. 主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，置于句首。

如：It's getting cold. 天冷起来了。

Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。

The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。

2. 谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。

如：Mother bought me a birthday present. 妈给我买了个生日礼物。

We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。

如：Be careful! 小心!All the students are lovely. 所有的学生都很可爱。

He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。

4. 宾语：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于动词之后。

如：He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。

She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。

5. 宾语补足语：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。

如：He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。

I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。

英语句子成分和基本句型

句子成分英语的句子成分主要有六种：即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。

（可以熟记为：主谓宾，定状补）除了这六种主要成分之外，还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。

但表语和系动词一起作谓语，因此划分成分时，划分在谓语上。

同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语，属于主语或宾语的一部分。

主语主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首，通常由名词性的词来充当。

可以作主语的词性或语法结构：1.名词2.代词3.数词4.名词化的形容词（如the rich）5.不定式6.动名词7.主语从句等表示。

During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. We often speak English in class.One-third ofthe students in this class are girls.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. Smoking does harm to the health.The rich should help the poor. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.It is necessary to master a foreign language.That he isn’t at home is not true.改正下列句中的错误，并说明原因。

He failed the exam is the reason why he dropped out. That why he was late for school was that his mother was ill. Beyond the mountains lie a small village. Gone is the days when I had to go toschool on foot.Play basketball is my favorite sport.Give up English is not an option.谓语谓语由动词充当，说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

英语句子成分和五个基本句型'

一、介绍与其重要性

句子是写作的基本单位，只有写好句子才有可能写好文章。英语的句子成分有八种：
主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、定语、状语、主语补足语和宾语补足语。
●学会判断句子成分对以后学习难句奠定了基础。
英语句子的构成也有其特定的规律，掌握了句子的基本句型、常见句式和词语的习惯搭配，就能写出完整、正确的句子。
(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语
① My brother hasn't done his homework.
② People all over the world speak English.
③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.
④ How many new words did you learn last class?
（四）宾语表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一动词/动词短语之后。_____ 介词词后也会跟宾语。般放在___________

She covered her face with her hands. 名词 n We haven't seen her for a long time. 代词 pron 动名词 Do you mind opening the window? Give me four please. 代词和数词 He wants to dream a nice dream. to do不定式 We need know what others are doing. 句子 We should care more about our friends. 介词+名词
二.五种简单句基本句型
主语+系+表语主语+谓语

句子成分和五种基本句型

定语: 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分
• He is a new student. • China is a developing country. • He is reading a book about how to learn English.
状语: 修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分。按用途可分为：地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、程度、方式、伴随情况等
• • • • •
These books are interesting. Tom is happy. Tom is very happy today. The story sounds interesting. He became a teacher six years ago.
The weather turns cold.
主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（+状语）We made im the manager.
组成句子
主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（+状语） He made us stand here quietly yesterday. 主语+谓语+直接宾语+间接宾语
They are painting the door green. What makes him so happy? He tells us funny stories. I am showing him my pictures. I saw them getting on the bus. He passes her nothing. He asked me to come back soon. I will give my car a wash. They find the house empty.

英语句子成分及基本句型

英语句子成分及基本句型
英语句子成分主要有：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语等。

以下是英语基本句型的介绍：
1. 主语+ 谓语（不及物动词）：这种句型中的谓语动词是不及物动词，后面不跟宾语，但可以跟副词、介词短语等状语作谓语的补足语。

例如：The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起。

）
2. 主语+ 谓语（及物动词）+ 宾语：这种句型中的谓语动词是及物动词，后面必须跟宾语，表示动作的承受者或结果。

宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词等。

例如：I love music.（我喜欢音乐。

）
3. 主语+ 系动词+ 表语：这种句型中的谓语动词是系动词，后面跟表语，表示主语的性质、状态或特征。

表语可以是名词、形容词、介词短语等。

例如：She is a beautiful girl.（她是一个漂亮的女孩。

）
4. 主语+ 谓语+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语：这种句型中的谓语动词可以同时跟两个宾语，其中一个是间接宾语，一个是直接宾语。

间接宾语表示动作的受益者，直接宾语表示动作的承受者。

例如：Please give me a book.（请给我一本书。

）
5. 主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语：这种句型中的谓语动词后面跟一个宾语，再跟一个宾语补足语，对宾语的性质、状态或特征进行补充说明。

例如：We found him in the park.（我们发现他在公园里。

）
以上是英语的基本句型，通过这些基本句型可以组合成各种复杂的句子。

英语学习中的基本句型结构和句子成分

英语基本句型结构与句子成分一、英语的基本句型结构（一）、句型1：Subject (主语) ＋Verb (谓语动词)这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，常见的动词如：work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。

如：1) Li Ming works very hard.李明学习很努力。

2) The little girl cried even harder. 小女孩哭得更厉害了。

3) The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。

（二）、句型2：Subject (主语) ＋Link. V(系动词) ＋Predicate(表语)这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。

其系动词一般可分为下列两类：(1)表示状态。

这样的词有：be, remain, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep, feel等。

如：1) This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。

2) He looked worried just now.刚才他看上去有些焦急。

(2)表示变化。

这类系动词有：become, turn, get, grow, go等。

如：1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。

2) The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树比以前长得高多了。

（三）、句型3：Subject(主语) ＋Verb (谓语动词) ＋Object (宾语)这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词。

其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。

例：1) He took his bag and left.（名词）他拿着书包离开了。