独立主格结构讲解及练习题

独立主格结构讲解及练

习题

Revised by Petrel at 2021

独立主格结构讲解及练习题作者：1文章来源：网络点击数：6217更新时间：2013-05-1811:55:28

我们知道，“V—ing或—ed形式”短语作状语时，其实就是状语从句在主从句主语一致的情况下省略的结果。所以通常情况下，“V—ing或—ed形式”作状语时其逻辑主语是和主句的主语一致的。在前后主语不一致的情况下，我们通常采用“V—ing或—ed形式”短语前加上其逻辑主语一起构成主句的状语部分，因此我们就把自带逻辑主语的“V—ing或—ed形式”结构叫做“独立主格结构”。

事实上，在英语中，“独立主格结构”还可以由“逻辑主语+不定式、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语等”构成，其功能相当于“with复合结构”或“非限制性定语从句”。独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。

下面本人就从句型转化的角度解读“独立主格结构”的“独立”之处。

1.与状语从句的转化

1).Alltheworkfinished,hesatdownforacoffee.

【=Whenalltheworkwasfinished,hesatdownfora coffee.】

2).Weatherpermitting,wewillgoswimmingtomorrow.

【=Ifweatherpermits,wewillgoswimmingtomorrow.】

3).Theboybeinglate,histeacherwasveryangry.

【=Astheboywaslate,histeacherwasveryangry.】

4)Everythingtakenintoconsideration,theeventwasagreatevent.

【=Whene very thingtakenintoconsideration,theeventwasa great event.】

5)Therebeingsomethingmoreimportanttoattendto,hehadtocanceltheappointmentwithme.

【=Astherewassomethingmoreimportanttoattendto,hehadtocanceltheappointmentwithme.】

6).Thefloorwet,theystayedoutside.

【=Asthefloorwaswet,theystayedoutside.】

2.与with复合结构的转化

1).Alotofhomeworktodo,Ihavetostayhomeallday.

【=Withalotofhomeworktodo,Ihavetostayhomeallday.】

2）Thepresidententeredthemeetingroom,hissecretaryfollowinghim.

【=Thepresidententeredthemeetingroom,withhissecretaryfollowinghim.】

3).Thecrazyman,aguninhishand,wastryingtokillhiswife.

【=Thecrazyman,withagunin his hand,wastryingtokillhiswife.】

3.与非限制性定语从句的转化

1).Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,themostrecenthavingbeenlaunchedattheendoflastmon th.

【=Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecrafts,the most recentofwhichwaslaunchedattheendof last mo nth.】

2).Theoldfarmerraised10pigs,twoweighing200kg.

【=Theoldfarmerraised10pigs,twoofwhichweighed200kg.】

巩固联系

1.E very thing___intoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.

A.totake

B.taken

C.tobetaken

D.taking

2.Anexpert___tohelpthemtomorrow,theyaresuretoworkoutthe problem.

A.willcome

ing

C.tocome

D.havingcome

3.Themeeting___over,hewenttopickup his sondirectly

A.tobe

B.is

C.was

D.being

4.---Theysatstillintheroom,___.

---Whydidtheydolikethat

A.drawingthecurtains?

B.withthecurtainsdrawn

C.withthecurtainsdrawing

D.havingthecurtainsdrawn

5.Thesun___,theycontinuedtheirway.

A.hasrisen

B.havingrisen

C.hasraised

D.havingraised

6.Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,the most recent___attheendof last March.

A.hasbeenlaunched?

B.havingbeenlaunched