独立主格结构讲解及练习题
高中英语独立主格结构练习题30题带答案解析
高中英语独立主格结构练习题30题带答案解析1.The teacher walked into the classroom, book in hand. “book in hand” is an example of_________.A.noun + present participleB.noun + past participleC.independent nominative structureD.adverbial clause答案解析:C。
“book in hand”是独立主格结构。
A 选项“名词+现在分词”不符合;B 选项“名词+过去分词”不符合;D 选项“状语从句”也不符合。
2.After finishing his homework, Tom went out to play. “After finishing his homework” is_________.A.independent nominative structureB.present participle phraseC.past participle phraseD.adverbial clause答案解析:B。
“After finishing his homework”是现在分词短语,不是独立主格结构。
A 选项独立主格结构不符合;C 选项过去分词短语不符合;D 选项状语从句不符合。
3.The girl sat there, eyes closed. “eyes closed” is_________.A.noun + present participleB.noun + past participleC.independent nominative structureD.adverbial clause答案解析:C。
“eyes closed”是独立主格结构。
A 选项“名词+现在分词”不符合;B 选项“名词+过去分词”表述不准确;D 选项“状语从句”不符合。
独立主格结构知识点及例题
独立主格结构的构成独立主格的构成稍显复杂,主要有以下几种:1、名词/代词+现在分词(表示主动或正在进行)e.g. Time permitting(= If time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow.2、名词/代词+过去分词(表示被动和已完成)e.g. The problems solved(= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved.3、名词/代词+不定式(表示将要发生的动作)e.g. His friends to come tonight, he is busy preparing the dinner(=His friends are going to come tonight so he is busy preparing the dinner.)4、名词/代词+形容词或副词(常用来说明名词的性质,特征或所处的状态)e.g. So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off.(=Because so many people were absent, the meeting had to be called off.)Nobody in, he left a message on the board.5、名词/代词+介词短语e.g. He went into the classroom,book in hand. (=He went into the classroom and a book is in his hand. )6、with/without+名词/代词+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/不定时e.g. With his son so disappointing, the old man felt unhappy. He sat at a desk with his attention fixed on a book.I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash.7、It being +名词e.g. It being a holiday, all the shops were shut.8、there +being/having beene.g. There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed.“with/without”引导的独立主格结构“介词with/without+宾语+宾语补足语”结构可以构成独立主格结构,在句中常作伴随状语、原因状语,也可作定语。
独立主格讲解与练习
语法专项:独立主格结构独立主格结构是由名词或代词作为逻辑主语,加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语等作为逻辑谓语构成。
这种结构在形式上与主句没有关系,通常称为“独立主格结构”。
⚫独立主格结构的逻辑主语独立存在⚫独立主格结构在句子中充当状语,定语和补语⚫独立主格结构可以转换为状语从句,定语从句和并列句。
⚫独立主格结构的位置相当灵活,可置于主句前、主句末或主句中,常由逗号将其与主句分开。
1.逻辑主语+现在分词Time permitting, we will discuss more questions. 如果时间允许的话,我们将讨论更多的问题。
2.逻辑主语+过去分词The bag lost, he had no money now. 由于书包丢了,他现在没有钱了。
3.逻辑主语+不定式Lots of homework to do, I must do it now. 家庭作业有很多,我现在就得做了。
4.逻辑主语+名词Many children are reading here, most of them Chinese. 许多孩子都在这里读书,他们大多数是中国人。
5.逻辑主语+形容词He reads books here, his hands big and fat. 他在这里读书,他的手又大又胖。
6.逻辑主语+副词He pulled on his coat, wrong side out. 他穿上他的外套,结果穿反了。
7.逻辑主语+介词短语He sat there, his eyes on her back. 他坐在那里,眼睛望着她的背影.8.With, without+复合宾语的结构1)With + 名词或代词+ 现在分词She felt very nervous with so many people looking at her. 这么多人看着她,她感到非常紧张。
2)With + 名词或代词+ 过去分词The boy was sad with the bike broken. 单车坏了,这个男孩很伤心。
独立主格结构剖析整理附练习
C.-ed形式“独立主格结构”
• 与逻辑主语+动词的-ing形式一样,如果 ed形式的 逻辑主语是句子主语,则不需在ed形式之前加上 逻辑主语。如果不一致的话,就需要保留逻辑主 语用-ed形式的独立主格结构。 • Written in simple English, the book is quite easy. • The book written in simple English, English beginners were able to read it.该书是用简单英语写 的,英语初学者也能看懂。( = As the book was written in simple English,English beginners were able它的逻辑主语应该 是句子的主语。但有时非谓语动词带有自 己的主语,从而在结构上与主语不发生关 系,我们称之为独立主格结构(Absolute Construction)。其实,所谓“独立主格结构” 也并非真正独立,它还是一种从属的结构。
独立主格的语法结构分类
• • • 一、 非谓语动词独立主格结构 二、 无动词独立主格结构 三、 with/without 引导的独立主格结构
B.逻辑主语+形容词
• He turned to me, his eyes sleepy. 他睡眼惺忪 地转向我。(his eyes和sleepy之间省去了 being) • = He turned to me, and his eyes were sleepy. • He stood there, his mouth wide open. 他站 在那里,嘴张得大大的。(his mouth和 wide open之间省去了being)= He stood there, and his mouth was wide open.
高中英语独立主格结构练习题30题含答案解析
高中英语独立主格结构练习题30题含答案解析1.The girl sat there, her eyes looking at the book, her mind lost in thought. In this sentence, “her eyes looking at the book” is an example of independent nominative structure. Which of the following sentences also uses this structure?A.Her hands holding the pen, she began to write.B.Her feet walking on the road, she felt happy.C.Her head nodding, she agreed.D.Her mouth smiling, she greeted everyone.答案解析:A、B、C、D 四个选项都是独立主格结构中名词加现在分词的形式。
选项A“Her hands holding the pen”表示她的手拿着笔,在句中作伴随状语。
选项B“Her feet walking on the road”表示她的脚走在路上,在句中作伴随状语。
选项C“Her head nodding”表示她点头,在句中作伴随状语。
选项D“Her mouth smiling”表示她微笑着,在句中作伴随状语。
2.The boy lay on the grass, his eyes closed. Which of the following is NOT an example of independent nominative structure?A.His face red, he looked angry.B.His heart beating fast, he was nervous.C.His book open, he was reading.D.His sister came in, he was happy.答案解析:选项A、B、C 都是独立主格结构中名词加现在分词或形容词的形式。
独立主格结构讲解及练习含答案
独立主格结构讲解及练习含答案语法重点:独立主格结构。
1. 原文再现。
This silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade.2. 独立主格结构定义。
独立主格结构(Independent Genitive)由两部分组成,前一部份是名词或者代词,后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。
前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系,非谓语动词主动用现在分词,被动用过去分词。
独立主格结构在句中做状语,多用于书面语。
独立主格结构本身不是句子,在句子中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。
3. 独立主格结构用法。
A.用作时间状语The work done(=After the work had been done), we went home. 工作完成后,我们就回家了。
B. 用作条件状语Weather permitting(=If weather permits), they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.如果天气允许的话,他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。
C. 用作原因状语An important lecture to be given tomorrow (=As an important lecture will be given tomorrow), the professor has to stay up late into the night.因为明天要发表一个重要的演讲,教授不得不熬夜到很晚。
D. 用作伴随状语He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head (=and his hands were crossed under his head).他躺在草地上,将两手交叉枕在脑后。
高中英语独立主格结构练习题50题(答案解析)
高中英语独立主格结构练习题50题(答案解析)1.The students having a discussion, the classroom was filled with excitement.A.withB.ofC.inD.at答案解析:本题考查独立主格结构中名词/代词+现在分词的形式。
“The students having a discussion”是独立主格结构,表示“学生们在讨论”,在句中作原因状语。
选项A“with”表示“有”,不符合题意;选项B“of”表示“……的”,不符合题意;选项C“in”表示“在……里面”,不符合题意;选项D“at”表示“在……(小地点)”,不符合题意。
2.Mother cooking in the kitchen, the house smelled delicious.A.whenB.whileC.asD.with答案解析:本题考查独立主格结构中名词/代词+现在分词的形式。
“Mother cooking in the kitchen”是独立主格结构,表示“妈妈在厨房做饭”,在句中作原因状语。
选项A“when”表示“当……的时候”,引导时间状语从句,不符合题意;选项B“while”表示“当……的时候”,引导时间状语从句,不符合题意;选项C“as”表示“当……的时候”,引导时间状语从句,不符合题意;选项D“with”表示“随着”,后面接名词/代词+现在分词的形式,符合题意。
3.The teacher entering the classroom, the students stood up.A.andB.butC.soD.or答案解析:本题考查独立主格结构中名词/代词+现在分词的形式。
“The teacher entering the classroom”是独立主格结构,表示“老师走进教室”,在句中作时间状语。
选项A“and”表示“和”,连接并列的成分,不符合题意;选项B“but”表示“但是”,表示转折关系,不符合题意;选项C“so”表示“所以”,表示因果关系,不符合题意;选项D“or”表示“或者”,表示选择关系,不符合题意。
五年级英语独立主格练习题50题含答案解析
五年级英语独立主格练习题50题含答案解析1.The teacher came in, book in hand.A.book in handB.with book in handC.a book in handD.having a book in hand答案解析:A。
本题考查独立主格结构“名词+介词短语”。
选项B 是“with+宾语+介词短语”结构,不是独立主格;选项C 和D 不是独立主格结构的正确表达。
2.The boy lay on the grass, eyes closed.A.eyes closedB.with eyes closedC.his eyes closedD.eyes being closed答案解析:A。
独立主格结构“名词+过去分词”。
选项B 是“with+宾语+过去分词”结构,不是独立主格;选项C 不是独立主格的正确表达;选项D 结构复杂,不是典型的独立主格。
3.The girl sat there, head bowed.A.head bowedB.with head bowedC.her head bowedD.having head bowed答案解析:A。
“名词+过去分词”的独立主格结构。
选项B 不是独立主格;选项C 不是独立主格正确表达;选项D 结构错误。
4.The sun shining brightly, we went for a walk.A.The sun shining brightlyB.With the sun shining brightlyC.The sun shines brightlyD.The sun is shining brightly答案解析:A。
独立主格结构“名词+现在分词”。
选项B 是“with+宾语+现在分词”结构,不是独立主格;选项C 和D 是完整的句子,不是独立主格。
5.The wind blowing hard, the leaves fell.A.The wind blowing hardB.With the wind blowing hardC.The wind blows hardD.The wind is blowing hard答案解析:A。
独立主格结构(精讲精练 翻译练习)
独立主格结构●独立主格结构是一种特殊的结构,可以理解为一个在句中作状语的短语,用于修饰整个句子。
其位置灵活,可位于句前或句末,常由逗号将其与句子分开。
需特别注意的是,独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。
●独立主格结构具有两个特点:独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在;独立主格结构一般用逗号与句子分开。
●独立主格结构类型:● 1.名词/代词+非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词、过去分词)● 2.名词/代词+(being)+表语(名词、形容词、副词、介词短语)1.名词/代词+现在分词(doing)Winter coming,it gets colder and colder.=The winter comes,and it gets colder and colder.Time permitting,I will go with you.The girl looking at him,he didn’t know what to say.There being no bus,we had to walk home.2.名词/代词+过去分词He was listening carefully,his eyes fixed on the blackboard.The work done,he went back home.=After the work was done,he went back home.More time given,we can finish the work.=If more time is given to us,we can finish the work.3.名词/代词+动词不定式(由不定式构成的独立主格结构往往表示还未发生的动作或状态)His friends to come tonight,he is busy preparing the dinner.No one to wake me up,I might be late for the first class.Many trees to be planted,our school will look even more beautiful.4.名词/代词+形容词He came into the room,his face red with cold.She went to party,her clothes beautiful.5.名词/代词+副词The meeting over,our headmaster soon left the meeting room.The lights off,we could not go on with the work.6.名词/代词+名词His first shot failure,he fired again.他第一枪没打中,又开了一枪A lot of people all over the world are fans of the smartphone,many of them Chinese.全世界很多人都是这款智能手机的粉丝,其中许多都是中国人。
高中英语独立主格结构练习题30题含答案解析
高中英语独立主格结构练习题30题含答案解析1.The students having finished their homework, they went out to play.A.having finishedB.finishedC.finishingD.to finish答案解析:A。
此句中“The students having finished their homework”是独立主格结构,逻辑主语是“The students”,与动词“finish”之间是主动关系,且动作发生在“went out to play”之前,所以用现在分词的完成式。
B 选项“finished”是过去分词,表被动或完成,不符合逻辑主语与动词的关系;C 选项“finishing”是现在分词一般式,不能表示动作发生在谓语动词之前;D 选项“to finish”是不定式,通常表示将来的动作,也不符合题意。
2.The teacher walking into the classroom, silence fell.A.walking intoB.walked intoC.walks intoD.to walk into答案解析:A。
“The teacher walking into the classroom”是独立主格结构,逻辑主语是“The teacher”,与动词“walk”之间是主动关系,用现在分词。
B 选项“walked into”是过去式,不是独立主格结构;C 选项“walks into”是一般现在时,也不是独立主格结构;D 选项“to walkinto”是不定式,不是独立主格结构且表将来,不符合语境。
3.The book lying on the desk is mine.A.lying ony onC.lies onD.to lie on答案解析:A。
“The book lying on the desk”是独立主格结构,逻辑主语是“The book”,与动词“lie”之间是主动关系,用现在分词。
独立主格结构讲解及练习含答案(可编辑修改word版)
语法重点:独立主格结构。
1.原文再现。
This silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade.2.独立主格结构定义。
独立主格结构(Independent Genitive)由两部分组成,前一部份是名词或者代词,后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词) 或形容词、副词、或介词短语。
前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系,非谓语动词主动用现在分词,被动用过去分词。
独立主格结构在句中做状语,多用于书面语。
独立主格结构本身不是句子,在句子中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。
3.独立主格结构用法。
A.用作时间状语The work done(=After the work had been done), we went home. 工作完成后,我们就回家了。
B.用作条件状语Weather permitting(=If weather permits), they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.如果天气允许的话,他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。
C.用作原因状语An important lecture to be given tomorrow (=As an important lecture will be given tomorrow), the professor has to stay up late into the night.因为明天要发表一个重要的演讲,教授不得不熬夜到很晚。
D.用作伴随状语He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head (=and his hands were crossed under his head).他躺在草地上,将两手交叉枕在脑后。
八年级英语独立主格结构基础练习题30题(带答案)
八年级英语独立主格结构基础练习题30题(带答案)1.The teacher entered the classroom, book in hand.Book in hand is an independent structure. In this structure, “book” is the noun and “in hand” is a phrase indicating the state of the book. The whole structure modifies the action of the teacher entering the classroom.答案解析:这是一个独立主格结构,“book”是名词,“in hand”表示书的状态。
整个结构修饰老师进入教室这个动作。
2.The students sat in the classroom, eyes fixed on the blackboard.In this independent structure, “eyes” is the noun and “fixed on the blackboard” is the past participle phrase describing the state of the students' eyes.答案解析:这是一个独立主格结构,“eyes”是名词,“fixed on the blackboard”是过去分词短语,描述学生眼睛的状态。
3.The mother cooked in the kitchen, apron tied around her waist.Here, “apron” is the noun and “tied around her waist” is the past participle phrase showing the state of the apron.答案解析:这是一个独立主格结构,“apron”是名词,“tied around her waist”是过去分词短语,展示围裙的状态。
高二英语独立主格结构练习题40题含答案解析
高二英语独立主格结构练习题40题含答案解析1.The students walked out of the classroom, each ______ their books.A.holdingB.heldC.to holdD.being held答案解析:A。
本题考查独立主格结构中名词/代词+现在分词形式。
句子中“each holding their books”是独立主格结构,在句中作伴随状语,表示主动关系,即“每个学生拿着他们的书”。
B 选项held 是过去分词,表示被动关系,不符合语境;C 选项to hold 表示将来的动作,不符合此处语境;D 选项being held 也是被动形式,且强调正在进行的被动动作,不符合题意。
2.The teacher entered the room, a book ______ in his hand.A.holdingB.heldC.to holdD.being held答案解析:B。
本题考查独立主格结构中名词/代词+过去分词形式。
“a book held in his hand”是独立主格结构,book 与hold 之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词held。
A 选项holding 是主动关系,不符合;C 选项to hold 表示将来动作,不符合;D 选项being held 强调正在进行的被动动作,在此处不合适。
3.The boys played basketball on the playground, some ______ loudly.A.shoutingB.shoutedC.to shoutD.being shouted答案解析:A。
考查独立主格结构中名词/代词+现在分词形式。
“some shouting loudly”是独立主格结构,some 与shout 之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词shouting。
B 选项shouted 是过去分词,表被动;C 选项to shout 表将来;D 选项being shouted 是被动形式且强调正在进行的被动动作,均不符合题意。
(完整版)独立主格结构讲解及练习
(完整版)独立主格结构讲解及练习独立主格结构的用法一、独立主格结构的概念独立主格结构(Absolute Structure)是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构,用于修饰整个句子。
独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系,它的位置相当灵活,可置于主句前、主句末或主句中,常由逗号将其与主句分开。
在句中作状语,相当于一个状语从句。
需特别注意的是,独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。
二、独立主格结构基本构成形式名词(代词)+现在分词;过去分词;形容词;副词;不定式;名词;介词短语)1. 名词(代词)+现在分词例句:The storm drawing nea,the navvy decided to call it a dayThe storm draw ing n ear在句中作:原因状语=Since the storm was drawing nea,the navvy decided to call it a day由于暴风雨即将来临,那个挖土小工决定收工。
(call it a day今天到此为止)例句:Win ter comin g, it gets colder and colder.Win ter comi ng 在句中作:伴随状语=The win ter comes, and it gets colder and colder.冬天来了,天气越来越冷了。
造句:时间允许的话,我就和你一起走。
Time permitt in g, I will go with you. 独立主格作:条件状语=改写:ftime permits, I will go with you.造句:那个姑娘望着他,他不知道说什么好。
The girl stari ng at him, he did n 'k now what to say.独立主格作:时间状语=改写:As the girl stared at him, he did n 'tk now what to say.2. 名词(代词)+过去分词例句:He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.他上课专心听讲,眼睛紧盯着黑板。
独立主格结构及精选习题
独立主格结构(一)定义:不定式或分词短语作状语时,它的逻辑主语一般必须与句子的主语一致。
但有时它也可以有自己的独立的逻辑主语,这种结构称为独立主格结构。
(二)构成:1.名词(代词) + 不定式、现在分词或过去分词Weather permitting, we'll go s ightseeing.= If w eather permits, ... 作条件状语天气允许的话,我们要去观光。
Homework finished, the boy went out to play football.=When homework was finished,... 作时间状语作业做完了,男孩出去玩足球。
The exam to be held tomorrow, I can't go to the cinema tonight.明天要考试,我今晚不能去看电影。
2.名词(代词) +(being )+表语(名词、形容词、副词或介词短语)It (being) Sunday, we went climbing.= As it was Sunday, ... 作原因状语由于是星期天,我们去爬山。
Tod l ooked a t the million-pound n o te,his eyes (being) wide o pen.托德眼睛睁得大大的看着百万钞票。
S u m m e r vacations (being) over, students returned to s chool.暑假结束了,学生们返回学校。
3.with+ 名词(代词)+宾补,宾补可用现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式、形容词、副词或介词短语。
此句型又称with 复合结构。
a.They pretended to be working hard all night with their lights burning .他们点着灯假装整晚都在努力工作。
初二英语独立主格结构练习题30题含答案解析
初二英语独立主格结构练习题30题含答案解析1.The teacher walking into the classroom, the students stood up.A.The teacher walking into the classroomB.The teacher walked into the classroomC.With the teacher walking into the classroomD.As the teacher walked into the classroom答案解析:C。
选项A 是独立主格结构,但不是完整的句子,不能单独作为答案。
选项B 是一个完整的句子,与后半句之间缺少连接词。
选项C 是“with + 名词+ 现在分词”的独立主格结构,表示伴随情况,正确。
选项 D 是as 引导的时间状语从句,与题目要求不符。
2.Mother cooking in the kitchen, I did my homework.A.Mother cooking in the kitchenB.Mother cooked in the kitchenC.With mother cooking in the kitchenD.While mother cooked in the kitchen答案解析:C。
选项A 是独立主格结构,但不是完整的句子,不能单独作为答案。
选项B 是一个完整的句子,与后半句之间缺少连接词。
选项C 是“with + 名词+ 现在分词”的独立主格结构,表示伴随情况,正确。
选项D 是while 引导的时间状语从句,与题目要求不符。
3.The boy playing basketball on the playground, his friends watched.A.The boy playing basketball on the playgroundB.The boy played basketball on the playgroundC.With the boy playing basketball on the playgroundD.As the boy played basketball on the playground答案解析:C。
江苏省某重点高中整理的独立主格讲解及练习
高中英语语法讲义-------独立主格结构一、概述独立主格结构又叫独立结构(absolute construction),由名词/主格代词+ 现在分词(或过去分词、不定式、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语)构成。
在语法上是一个独立的短语,不是句子,在意思上依附于整个句子。
具有以下特点:(1)在句子中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况。
(2)可置于句首,也可放在句尾。
(3)主要用于书面语。
(4)它的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同,不指同一人或同一物。
(5)be动词在独立主格结构中一般转化为being。
二、独立主格结构的构成1.名词或主格代词+名词在这种结构中,独立主格结构中的名词与前面的名词或代词之间在逻辑上有主系表关系,在句子中主要作伴随、原因等状语或作进一步说明。
此结构也可写成:名词或代词+ being +名词,其中being是非谓语(系)动词,往往省略,但being的逻辑主语是人称代词时,being不能省略。
名词的逻辑主语为人称代词时,应用主格形式。
①He fought against the thief, a stick (being) his only weapon (= and a stick was his only weapon).他和这个贼打斗,一根棍子是他唯一的武器。
② He has translated the whole book into English, an English-Chinese dictionary (being) his tool.(=and an English-Chinese dictionary was his tool.)用一本英汉字典作工具,他把整本书翻译成了英语。
③It being Sunday (=As it was Sunday), I didn’t go to school.(句中的being不能省略)因为是星期天,我没有上课。
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独立主格结构讲解及练
习题
Revised by Petrel at 2021
独立主格结构讲解及练习题作者:1文章来源:网络点击数:6217更新时间:2013-05-1811:55:28
我们知道,“V—ing或—ed形式”短语作状语时,其实就是状语从句在主从句主语一致的情况下省略的结果。
所以通常情况下,“V—ing或—ed形式”作状语时其逻辑主语是和主句的主语一致的。
在前后主语不一致的情况下,我们通常采用“V—ing或—ed形式”短语前加上其逻辑主语一起构成主句的状语部分,因此我们就把自带逻辑主语的“V—ing或—ed形式”结构叫做“独立主格结构”。
事实上,在英语中,“独立主格结构”还可以由“逻辑主语+不定式、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语等”构成,其功能相当于“with复合结构”或“非限制性定语从句”。
独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
下面本人就从句型转化的角度解读“独立主格结构”的“独立”之处。
1.与状语从句的转化
1).Alltheworkfinished,hesatdownforacoffee.
【=Whenalltheworkwasfinished,hesatdownfora coffee.】
2).Weatherpermitting,wewillgoswimmingtomorrow.
【=Ifweatherpermits,wewillgoswimmingtomorrow.】
3).Theboybeinglate,histeacherwasveryangry.
【=Astheboywaslate,histeacherwasveryangry.】
4)Everythingtakenintoconsideration,theeventwasagreatevent.
【=Whene very thingtakenintoconsideration,theeventwasa great event.】
5)Therebeingsomethingmoreimportanttoattendto,hehadtocanceltheappointmentwithme.
【=Astherewassomethingmoreimportanttoattendto,hehadtocanceltheappointmentwithme.】
6).Thefloorwet,theystayedoutside.
【=Asthefloorwaswet,theystayedoutside.】
2.与with复合结构的转化
1).Alotofhomeworktodo,Ihavetostayhomeallday.
【=Withalotofhomeworktodo,Ihavetostayhomeallday.】
2)Thepresidententeredthemeetingroom,hissecretaryfollowinghim.
【=Thepresidententeredthemeetingroom,withhissecretaryfollowinghim.】
3).Thecrazyman,aguninhishand,wastryingtokillhiswife.
【=Thecrazyman,withagunin his hand,wastryingtokillhiswife.】
3.与非限制性定语从句的转化
1).Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,themostrecenthavingbeenlaunchedattheendoflastmon th.
【=Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecrafts,the most recentofwhichwaslaunchedattheendof last mo nth.】
2).Theoldfarmerraised10pigs,twoweighing200kg.
【=Theoldfarmerraised10pigs,twoofwhichweighed200kg.】
巩固联系
1.E very thing___intoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.
A.totake
B.taken
C.tobetaken
D.taking
2.Anexpert___tohelpthemtomorrow,theyaresuretoworkoutthe problem.
A.willcome
ing
C.tocome
D.havingcome
3.Themeeting___over,hewenttopickup his sondirectly
A.tobe
B.is
C.was
D.being
4.---Theysatstillintheroom,___.
---Whydidtheydolikethat
A.drawingthecurtains?
B.withthecurtainsdrawn
C.withthecurtainsdrawing
D.havingthecurtainsdrawn
5.Thesun___,theycontinuedtheirway.
A.hasrisen
B.havingrisen
C.hasraised
D.havingraised
6.Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,the most recent___attheendof last March.
A.hasbeenlaunched?
B.havingbeenlaunched
C.beinglaunched
D.tobelaunched
7.Herearetwovolumes,thethirdone____nextmonth.
esout
B.cameout
ingout
D.tocomeout
8.Withhisson___,theoldmanfeltunhappy.
A.todisappoint?
B.tobedisappointing
C.disappointing
D.beingdisappointed
9.---Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.
---Sorry.Withsomuchwork___mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.
A.filled
B.filling
C.tofill
D.beingfilled 10.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwith his work___,hegladlyacceptedit.
A.finished
B.finishing
C.havingfinished
D.wasfinished
11.___,I?hadtoaskfortwodays’leave.
A.Motherbeingill
B.Motherill
C.Asmotherwasill
D.A,BandC
12.Withsomanybooks___,Icouldn’tgotosurftheInternet.
A.toread
B.toberead
C.reading
D.read
13.Thethiefstoodbeforethepoliceman____admittingwhathehaddone.
A.withhisdroppinghead?
B.droppinghishead
C.raisinghishead
D.withhisheaddown
14.Winter___,itistimeto buy warmclothes.
A.hascomeon
B.iscomingon
ingon
eson
15.Theoldmanlayon his backatthecornerofthestreet,hiseyes___andhishands___.
A.close,tremble?
B.closed,trembling
C.closing,trembling
D.closed,trembled
16.Withnothing__toburn,thefirebecameweakandfinallydiedout.
A.leaving
B.leave
C.left
D.toleave
17.Itwasapitythatthe great writerdied___hisworksunfinished.
A.for
B.with
C.of
D.from
18.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwiththatnoise___on.
A.togo
B.went
C.going
D.goes
19.___twoexamstoworryabout,Ihavetoworkreallyhardt his weekend.
A.Becauseof
B.With
C.Asfor
D.Besides
20.Tomcamehome,___.
A.adogfollowinghim?
B.adogfollowedhim
C.beingfollowedhim?
D.adogwasfollowedhim
参考答案:
BCDBBBDCBADADCBCBCBA。