多筒式烘干机结构与传动系统设计

摘要

单筒式回转烘干机适用范围广、操作方便、运转率高，在水泥工业中被广泛用于烘干粘土、矿渣、碎石、煤等原、燃料。干燥时，热空气或热烟气将热量传给物料，使水份蒸发，同时依靠通风设备的作用，使干燥设备内的干燥介质不断更新，以排除水汽。干燥设备的形式也是多种多样的，水泥工业中常用的有回转烘干机、流态烘干机、搅拌烘干积极气流式干燥管等。近年来国内外还在研究喷雾干燥装置。这些设备一般都利用热烟气进行对流烘干回转烘干机筒体一般为单直筒型，安装时筒体与水平成一倾斜角度，物料从高端进入，随着筒体的回转缓缓流向低端而后卸出。在中小型水泥厂中，烘干机的筒体长度一般为12-20m，以保证物料在烘干机内的停留时间，满足烘干工艺要求。出热风炉的热气流和物料在筒体内以顺流或逆流形式进行热交换。在烘干过程中，单筒式烘干机约有35％－55％的热量随废气流失和由筒体向外散失掉。

针对单筒式回转烘干机存在的弊端，我们设计一种多筒筒式烘干机。该机结构新颖独特，占地面积小、单位机重产量高、热效率高、运转可靠。

关键词：烘干机，回转圆筒，结构设计

Abstract

Single barrel rotary dryer is widely used in drying clay, slag, gravel, coal and other raw materials and fuels in the cement industry. In drying, the heat air or hot gas passes the heat to the material to make the water vaporized. At the same time, the drying medium in the drying equipment is constantly updated to eliminate the water vapor by the effect of the ventilation equipment. There are various forms of drying equipment. There are commonly used rotary drying machines, flow drying machines, mixing and drying, active air drying pipes and so on. In recent years, spray drying equipment is also being studied at home and abroad. These equipment generally use hot flue gas for convection drying rotary dryer cylinder body generally single straight tube type, when the installation of the cylinder body and the level of an angle, material from the high-end entry, with the barrel of rotation slowly flow to the low end and then unloaded. In small and medium-sized cement plants, the length of the cylinder of the dryer is generally 12-20m, so as to ensure the material residence time in the dryer and meet the drying process requirements. The heat flow and material of the hot blast stove heat exchange in the cylinder body in the form of downstream or countercurrent. During the drying process, about 35% to 55% of the heat of a single drum dryer is lost with the exhaust gas and away from the cylinder.

Aiming at the drawback of single drum rotary dryer, we design a multi cylinder dryer. The machine is novel and unique in structure, small in occupied area, high in unit weight and output, high in thermal efficiency and reliable in operation.

Key words: Dryer，rotary drum，structure design

目录

摘要 (i)

Abstract.......................................................................................................................................................... i i 第1章绪论.. (1)

1.1烘干机设计背景 (1)

1.2多筒烘干机工作原理 (2)

1.3回转干燥器发展趋势 (2)

第2章回转烘干机筒体设计 (4)

2.1筒体壁厚计算 (4)

2.2筒体载荷计算 (5)

2.3筒体弯矩与应力计算 (5)

2.4筒体变形计算 (7)

2.5悬伸端扰度计算 (8)

2.6支座处弯矩计算 (8)

2.7支座处轴向弯曲应力计算 (8)

2.8筒体安装尺寸计算 (9)

第3章支撑结构设计与计算 (10)

3.1托轮支承装置 (10)

3.1.1托轮 (10)

3.1.2托轮宽度 (10)

3.1.3托轮轴 (11)

3.1.4托轮轴的弯矩校核 (11)

3.2挡轮及轴的设计计算 (12)

3.2.1挡轮受力 (12)

3.2.2挡轮参数确定 (13)

3.2.3挡轮轴计算 (14)

第4章传动装置设计计算 (16)

4.1电动机选型 (16)

4.2传动装置设计与计算 (16)

4.2.1传动装置的确定 (16)

4.2.2开式齿轮设计 (16)

4.2.3传动轴的设计与校核 (20)

4.2.4轴承的选用与校核 (27)

结论 (31)

参考文献 (32)

结束语 (33)