太阳能电池充放电电路原理
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太阳能电池的充放电电路原理(附原理图)
本文介绍的简易太阳能电池充放电控制器,可有效地防止蓄电池过充电或过放电。
一、电路结构电路如附图所示。双电压比较器LM393两个反相输入端②脚和⑥脚连接在一起,并由稳压管ZD1提供6.2V的基准电压做比较电压,两个输出端①脚和⑦脚分别接反馈电阻,将部分输出信号反馈到同相输入端③脚和⑤脚,这样就把双电压比较器变成了双迟滞电压比较器,可使电路在比较电压的临界点附近不会产生振荡。R1、RP1、C1、A1、Q1、Q2和J1组成过充电压检测比较控制电路;R3、RP2、C2、A2、Q3、Q4和J2组成过放电压检测比较控制电路。电位器RP1和RP2起调节设定过充、过放电压的作用。可调三端稳压器LM371提供给LM393稳定的8V工作电压。被充电电池为12V65Ah全密封免维护铅酸蓄电池;太阳电池用一块40W硅太阳电池组件,在标准光照下输出17V、2.3A左右的直流工作电压
和电流;D1是防反充二极管,防止硅太阳电池在太阳光较弱时成为耗电器。
二、工作原理当太阳光照射的时候,硅太阳电池组件产生的直流电流经过J1-1常闭触点和R1,使LED1发光,等待对蓄电池进行充电;K闭合,三端稳压器输出8V电压,电路开始工作,过充电压检测比较控制电路和过放电压检测比较控制电路同时对蓄电池端电压进行检测比较。当蓄电池端电压小于预先设定的过充电压值时,A1的⑥脚电位高于⑤脚电位,⑦脚输出低电位使Q1截止,Q2导通,LED2发光指示充电,J1动作,其接点J1-1转换位置,硅太阳电池组件通过D1对蓄电池充电。蓄电池逐渐被充满,当其端电压大于预先设定的过充电压值时,A1的⑥脚电位低于⑤脚电位,⑦脚输出高电位使Q1导通,Q2截止,LED2熄灭,J1释放,J1-1断开充电回路,LED1发光,指示停止充电。
当蓄电池端电压大于预先设定的过放电压值时,A2的③脚电位高于②脚电位,①脚输出高电位使Q3导通,Q4截止,LED3熄灭,J2释放。其常闭触点J2-1闭合,LED4发光,指示负载工作正常;蓄电池对负载放电时端电压会逐渐降低,当端电压降低到小于预先设定的过放电压值时,A2的③脚电位低于②脚电位,①脚输出低电位使Q3截止,Q4导通,LED3发光指示过放电,J2动作,其接点J2-1断开,正常指示灯LED4熄灭。另一常闭接
点J2-2(图中未绘出)也断开,切断负载回路,避免蓄电池继续放电。闭合K,蓄电池又充电。When you are old and grey and full of sleep, And nodding by the fire, take down this book,
And slowly read, and dream of the soft look
Your eyes had once, and of their shadows deep;
How many loved your moments of glad grace,
And loved your beauty with love false or true,
But one man loved the pilgrim soul in you,
And loved the sorrows of your changing face;
And bending down beside the glowing bars,
Murmur, a little sadly, how love fled
And paced upon the mountains overhead
And hid his face amid a crowd of stars.
The furthest distance in the world
Is not between life and death
But when I stand in front of you
Yet you don't know that
I love you.
The furthest distance in the world
Is not when I stand in front of you
Yet you can't see my love
But when undoubtedly knowing the love from both
Yet cannot be together.
The furthest distance in the world
Is not being apart while being in love
But when I plainly cannot resist the yearning
Yet pretending you have never been in my heart.
The furthest distance in the world
Is not struggling against the tides
But using one's indifferent heart
To dig an uncrossable river
For the one who loves you.
倚窗远眺,目光目光尽处必有一座山,那影影绰绰的黛绿色的影,是春天的颜色。周遭流岚升腾,没露出那真实的面孔。面对那流转的薄雾,我会幻想,那里有一个世外桃源。在天阶夜色凉如水的夏夜,我会静静地,静静地,等待一场流星雨的来临…
许下一个愿望,不乞求去实现,至少,曾经,有那么一刻,我那还未枯萎的,青春的,诗意的心,在我最美的年华里,同星空做了一次灵魂的交流…
秋日里,阳光并不刺眼,天空是一碧如洗的蓝,点缀着飘逸的流云。偶尔,一片飞舞的落叶,会飘到我的窗前。斑驳的印迹里,携刻着深秋的颜色。在一个落雪的晨,这纷纷扬扬的雪,飘落着一如千年前的洁白。窗外,是未被污染的银白色世界。我会去迎接,这人间的圣洁。在这流转的岁月里,有着流转的四季,还有一颗流转的心,亘古不变的心。