现在完成时讲解及练习题(含答案)

时态讲解：现在完成时(1)构成：现在完成时由助动词have +过去分词构成，助动词 have有人称和数的变化。

第三人称单数用has，其余用have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上n ot、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。

以1 )现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。

说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。

My daughter has just go ne out. 我女儿刚出去。

I'm sure we 've met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。

She has arrived. 她到了。

2 )表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用,I haven 'theard from her these days.这些日子我没有收到她的信。

We haven 'tThey have been away for two years.他们离开已经两年了。

She has been6. The bus is late.女口 recently, already, just, lately, for …,since …,yet 等。

如:seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。

with us since Monday.A、/1 •、、＞:★注意:1) since 和 for 的区别since 后接时间点，如 1993 ， last term, yesterday, the time I got there 。

for 后接一段时 间，表示 “长达多久 ”，如 ten years, a while, two days 等。

Exercise: 用 since 和 for 填空1. Jim has been in Ireland _______ Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland_____ three days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia 15 days.4. Mary is in her office. Shehas been there _____ 7 o'clock.5. India has been an independent country __ 1974. They've been waiting ____ 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ___ m any years. 8.Mike has been ill ___ a long time. He has been in hospital __October. 2)表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die 等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。

因此，不能说:He has come here for 2 weeks. x The old man has died for 4 mon ths.They have left only for 5 minu tes. x以上三句话可以改为:He has been here for 2 weeks. The old man has __________________ for 4 mon ths. They have ____________ on ly for 5 mi nu tes.3 )have (has) been 和 have (has) gone 的区别：表示曾到过某地"要用 have (has) been ”表示已经去某地"要用have (has) gone "。

试比较：Where has he bee n? 他刚才到哪里去了？(已经回来了) Where has he gone? 他上哪儿去了？(人不在)They have been to Can ada. 他们到过加拿大。

(现在已经不在加拿大)They have gone to Ca nada. 他们到加拿大去了。

(可能在路上和已经到加拿大)4 )现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in ，但可以禾口 already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recen tly, once, twice, ever, n ever 等连用。

例如：She has already come. 她已经来了。

I haven 'read it yet. 我还没读过这个。

I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他。

Ma Hong has always been a good student. 马红一直是个好学生。

I have oftensee n him in the street. 我经常在街上看见他。

They have n ever bee n to Yan 'an. 他们从未去过延安。

I have n't seen him lately.我近来没看到他。

Exercise:I. Fill in the bla nks with the proper form.1.1 ___ a lready ____ (see) the film. I _____ (see) it last week.2. _____ he ____ (fini sh) his work today? Not yet.3. My father __ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now.4. Where 'Li Mi ng ? He ___________ (go) to the teacher 'office.5. I __________ (work) here since I ___ (move) here in 1999.6. So far I ________________ (make) quite a few friends here.8. 10. ___12. The14.7. How long ________ the Wangs _______________ (stay) here ? For two weeks. I ________ just ____________ (fini sh) my homework. 9. He _________ (go) to school on foot every day. you ______ (find) your scie nee book yet? 11. If it (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.stude nts ____________ (read) En glish whe n the teacher came in. 13. Look! The mon key _________ (climb) the tree. My mother ____________ (come) to see me n ext Sun day. 15. I've lost my pen. ______ you ________ (see) it any where?II. Choose the best an swer. 1. How long have you ______ here?2. My gran dpa died _______ .A. at the age of my 2B. for 2 yearsC. whe n I was 2.D. my age was 6.3. Jane has ____ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.A. bee nB. goneC. wentD. n ever bee n4. It is ten years _ I last saw her.A. afterB. sinceC. forD. that5. --Who will go to the stati on to meet Lorry? --I will. I _ h er several times. A. metB. have metC. had metD. will meet6. --What a nice dress! How long __ you ______ it? --Just 2 weeks. A. will, buyB. did, buyC. are, havi ngD. have, had就划线部分提问）7. --Do you know Lydia very well?--Yes, She and I ___ friends si nee we were very young.8. The Smiths ______ in China for 8 years.A. has livedB. livedC. have bee nD. live9. --Hello, this is Mr. Green speak in g. Can I speak to Mr. Black? --Sorry. He ______ the Bai niao Park. A. has bee n toB. has gone toC. went toD. will go to10. -- _ you ever _____ to the US?--Yes, twice. A. Have, goneB. Have, bee nC, Do, goD. were, goingIII. Rewrite the sentences.1.1 have been to Macau before.（ 改为否定句）bee n to Macau before.2. He hasn 'come to school because he was ill.（ he come to school?3. I bough a new bike just now.（ 用 just 改写） I ____ just ___ a new bike.4. We began to learn English three years ago.（ 改为同义句 ） We ___________ En glish __ three years5. He has never surfed, _____________ ?（改成反意疑问句）（动词填空）6. They have bee n here si nee 2000. (对划线部分提问)WWMWVWMWWWWWW________________ have they bee n here?7. The old man _________ last year. He has ______________ f or a year. (die) 8. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)Miss Gao has ___________________________ a n hour ago.IV. Ask the questi ons1) I have bee n there for two days.________________________________ y ou _______________________ ?2) My father has lived here si nee 2000.________________________________ y our father ___________________ ? 3) He left here yesterday.__________________ he ______________________ ? 4) They bought a book two hours ago._______________________ they ___________ a book?V . Use never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since ”to fill in the blanks.1.1 have _______ s ee n him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has _________ fini shed his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ____ t en years.4. Have you _________ seen the film? ” No, I have ________ seen it.5. Has the bus left _____ ? ”Yes, it has __________ left. ”一、翻译下列句子：1．你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？3. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。