葡萄酒品酒师课程..

新 世 界New World
• 美国USA • 澳大利亚Australia • 新西兰New
Zealand
• 智利Chile • 南非South Africa
橡木还是不用橡木Oak or not to oak
• 大多数葡萄酒在橡木中成熟Many wines are matured in oak barrels • 橡木主要有两种2 main types of oak – 法国橡木French – 美国橡木American • 橡木桶的容量从225升到3000升不等 Sizes range from 225L to 3000L • 葡萄酒在橡木桶中可成年三个月到十 年Wine can be oaked for as little as 3 months or as long as 10 years
葡萄酒品尝课程
著名品酒师－Simon Zhou主讲
葡萄酒是什么? What is wine ?
• 葡萄酒是一种由新鲜葡萄汁经过发酵 所产生的酒精饮料，发酵的过程是根 据葡萄酒产地的传统来控制的。 • Wine is an alcoholic beverage obtained from the fermentation of juice from freshly gathered grapes, the fermentation taking place in the district of origin according to local tradition and practice.
怎样品尝葡萄酒 How to taste wine
葡萄酒的颜色所带的信息 Colour of wine tells a story
• 红葡萄酒年份越大颜色越淡Red wine gets lighter as it ages • 白葡萄酒年份越大颜色越深White wine gets darker as it ages • 年轻的红葡萄酒通常是呈紫色Young red wines are purple in colour • 陈年的葡萄酒可以变成咖啡色Old red wines can be brown in colour • 检查酒的清透度Check clarity of the wine
葡萄酒的酿制过程? How is wine made ?
• 葡萄 – 需要3年才能结果 Grapes – 3 years to grow • 采集及运到酿酒厂Harvest and transport to winery • 挤压 / 发酵Press/ferment • 在橡木中成年 Age in oak • 在瓶中成年Age in bottle • 出厂Release
• Cabernet Sauvignon 赤霞珠 • Merlot 梅鹿 • Pinot Noir 黑皮诺 • Shiraz 切拉子/设拉子
常见的白葡萄品种 Common White grape varieties
• Chardonnay 夏多内/莎当妮 • Sauvignon Blanc 白苏维翁/长相思 • Riesling 雷司令/薏丝琳 • Gewü rztraminer 琼瑶浆/格乌香茗纳 • Pinot Gris 灰皮诺
葡萄酒并不都是一样的Not all wines are made equal
• 99%的葡萄酒没有成年价值99% of all wine made does not age • 可成年的葡萄酒Wines that will age
– 法国波尔多地区的一级酒French Bordeaux Grand Cru – 法国布根地地区的一级酒French Burgundy Premier/Grand Cru – 有年份的香槟酒Vintage Champagne – Port 波特酒 / Sherry 雪梨酒 – 上好的意大利酒Top Italian (比如Barolo, Super Tuscan) – 上好的澳大利亚酒 Top Australian (比如Grange, Henscheke) – 上好的西班牙酒Top Spanish (Rioja, Priorato) – 上好的新西兰红葡萄酒Top New Zealand red (Stoneyridge) – 上好的美国红葡萄酒Top American red wine (Cask 23)
Taittinger地下酒窖
• Premier Cru – 5 一级酒五种 • Deuxiè mes Crus – 14 二级酒14种 • Troisiè mes Crus – 14 三级酒14种 • Quatriè mes Crus – 10 四级酒十种 • Cinquiè mes Crus – 18 五级酒18种
特殊品种的葡萄酒 Special wine making process
• 冰葡萄酒Ice wine • 高度葡萄酒 Fortified wine
• 汽酒Sparkling wine
Why is stone commonly seen in vineyards ? 为什么葡萄园里经常能看到石头
白葡萄酒是白葡萄酿的吗? White wine from white grapes ?
年份决定一切Vintage is everything
• 只有好的年份才有成 年价值Only the best years are worth aging For example例如：
– 1990 Bordeaux – 1997 Tuscan (Italian)
为什么在瓶中成年Advantages of bottle aging
酒杯是重要的一部分Glassware is important
• 葡萄酒杯的杯口应该收小，以便酒香 能在杯中聚集The glass should
taper towards the top, so that the aromas are trapped in the glass
• 杯肚应该大一点，可以让酒在杯中作 充分的晃动The bowl should be
• 尽管考古学家追溯葡萄酒起源到几千年前，但最早的葡萄酒证据 是在大概公元前一万年，在一个伊朗的粘土罐里发现的。
• Although archaeologists have traced the origins of wine grapes (Vitis vinifera) back tens of thousands of years, the first evidence of wine having actually been made from grapes comes from a clay pot found in Persia (now Iran) dating from around 10,000 years B.C.
葡萄酒在世界各地的分布 Wine from around the world
• 旧世界与新世界Old world vs new world
旧 世 界Old World Countries
• 法国 France • 意大利 Italy • 西班牙 Spain • 德国 Germany • 葡萄牙 Portugal
古埃及壁画 Egyptian Wall painting
• • 古埃及人的壁画上清楚地描述了葡萄酒的酿制过程，从采集葡萄，到品尝成品。 而古罗马人则把他们的葡萄园推广到法国和他们的其他欧洲殖民地，包括英国。 This Egyptian wall painting shows each stage of the winemaking process, from gathering the grapes, to drinking the finished product. In turn the Romans spread their vineyard lands throughout France and to their other colonies throughout Europe, including Great Britain.
What do you perfer and why 你喜欢什么 ?
wk.baidu.com• Cork木塞 • Screw cap旋盖 • Plasic cork塑料 木塞
木塞和旋盖Cork and screwcap
• 木塞vs旋盖 Cork vs screw cap • 木塞的14个等级 14 different grades of corks
white grapes, usually without the skin and pips
• 香槟通常是由两种红葡萄和一种白葡萄酿成的。
Champagne is made from 2 red grapes and 1 white grape
常见的红葡萄品种 Common Red grape varieties
1855年法国葡萄酒等级排序 1855 Classification
法国高级酒庄Examples of the top French labels
• Chateau Lafite-Rothchild 拉斐古堡 • Chateau Latour 拉图古堡 • Chateau Margaux 玛歌古堡 • Chateau Haut-Brion 奥比安古堡 • Chateau Mouton-Rothchild 木桐古堡 • Chateau Petrus 波都古堡 • Chateau Chavel Blanc 白马古堡
气味有很大的影响 Smell is far more powerful
• 人可以嗅出几千种味道 There are literally thousands of recognisable smells • 如果鼻子堵塞，食物会失去应有的风味 When you have a blocked nose, food tastes bland • 气味罗盘Example of aroma wheel
• 酒杯应该清晰透明，可以很好的观察 酒的颜色The glass should be plain
and clear so you can see the colour of the wine.
倒
酒Pour wine
• 一瓶酒通常倒18-20 杯 • A bottle is usually 18-20 pours • 每杯酒不超过酒杯的 一半Never pour more than half full
• 单宁会变得柔软 Softer tannins • 酸度会变得柔和 Soft acidity
• 口味复杂度增加 Develop complexity
• 各种成分更好的结合 Integration of components • 第二层次风格的形成 Secondary characteristics
• 红葡萄酒是由红/黑色的葡萄连皮和籽一起发酵的。
Red wine is made from red/black grapes fermented with skin and pips
• 白葡萄酒可以由红色或白色的葡萄酿成的，通常不带 皮和籽。White wine can be made from both red and
large enough to allow you to swirl the contents
• 杯子必须有一个杯脚，这样手的温度 不会加热杯中的酒The glass must
have a stem so the heat of your hand does not transfer to the wine
葡萄酒的起源 Origin of wine
• 没有人知道是谁“发明”了葡萄酒。它可能是一个偶然的发现。 在收获后，有些葡萄被留在了容器里经过了冬天，天然的酵母和 葡萄中的糖把葡萄汁变成了葡萄酒。
• Nobody knows who "invented" wine. Its discovery was probably accidental. After harvesting, some grapes were left in a container over the winter and the natural yeasts and sugars converted the juice into wine.