临床医学英语Unit13

HIV patients were found in different occupations, but most of them were peasants, workers coming back from abroad, bum and private businessmen. The ratio between male and female patients was 5:1 and most of them were young people. 79% patients were between 20-40 years old. Among the reported cases, two thirds of them were infected through drug injection, 8% through sexual contact and three cases through mothers.
Questions to consider:
1. Do you know the difference between AIDS and HIV ? 2. What do you know about the transmission of AIDS ? 3. Can you say something about the prevention of AIDS ? 4. Talk about AIDS epidemics in China.
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根据世界卫生组织统计，目前中国艾滋病病毒 感染者占总人口的比例虽然很低，但感染人数 在亚洲位居第2位，在全球居第14位。 据卫生部统计显示，近年来中国艾滋病传播呈 快速增长趋势，传播途径主要以经注射吸毒感 染为主，占总数的68%，经采血、血浆途径感染 人数占9.7%，经血液制品感染人数占1.5%，此 外，经性接触感染人数占7.2%，母婴传播为 0.2%，其余13.4%传播途径不详。个别调查显 示，同性恋感染率高达1%-5。
Second stage (1989-1993): The dissemination stage. It was marked by finding 146 cases infected by HIV among the drug users in Yunnan Province. Most of HIV patients are from drug users in Yunnan Province in this period. Meantime, some positive HIV patients were found among venereal disease patients, prostitutes and workers coming back from abroad.
AIDS in China
The first AIDS patient was found in 1985 in China. In the next twelve years it can be divided into three stages: First stage (1985-1988): The import stage. The main patients are foreigners or oversea Chinese. They are distributed in the coastal cities.
9. tox/o ( toxin ) e.g. cytotoxic 10. endo- ( inside ) e.g. endocytosis 11. –on ( small particle ) e.g. virion 12. pro- ( before ) e.g. proviral 13. mono- ( single) e.g. mononuclear 14. ser/o ( serum ) e.g. seroversion
Third Stage (1994-now): The growth stage. HIV infection is beyond the range of Yunnan Province and certain amount of HIV patients among drug users and professional blood donors were found in other provinces in different years such as Sichuan (1995), Xinjiang (1996), Guangxi (1997). Meanwhile, the patients infected through frequent sexual activities, but the quantity is not so much to be epidemic widely.
At present, HIV patients were reported in thirty provinces among thirty-one provinces in China and mainly distributed in certain areas, most of them were peasants. But many patients were increasing in other areas, especially the areas along the main roads where the long-distance drivers and mobile population were potential infection source.
Word Formation
1. lent- ( slow ) e.g. lentivirus 2. epi- ( above ) e.g. epitope 3. macro- ( large ) 4. phag/o ( eat ) e.g. macrophage 5. fibr/o ( fibre ) e.g. fibroblast 6. –poietic ( productive ) 7. hemato- ( blood ) e.g. hematopoietic 8. nucle/o (nucleus) e.g. nucleotide

中国艾滋病现状形势严峻
目前全世界艾滋病流行现状十分严峻，特别是
在非洲和亚洲地区。中国自1985年首次报告艾
滋病病例以来，艾滋病的流行呈快速上升趋势。
近年来，中国艾滋病的感染与发病人数也增长
较快。据联合国驻华机构公布的数据，目前中
国艾滋病病毒感染者约84万人，加上已经染病
死亡的24万人，总数应该在100万人左右。